Unit 11 Friendship 导学案-中职英语语文版基础模块上册

基础模块导学案◆Unit 11 Friendship

Period 1 Useful Words and Expressions

【学习目标】

1. 掌握重点词汇、短语及其用法。
2. 掌握重点句子，分析掌握其结构。
3. 加强小组团队合作意识，互助研讨，共同掌握知识点和练习。

课前预习

【自学指导】掌握实用词汇。课前独立完成---必做题（20分）

1. 诚实的__________________ 
2. 有意思的________________
3. 聪明伶俐的__________________ 
4. 需求__________________
5. 在...旁边__________________
6. 最近地__________________
7. 靠近的，关闭__________________ 
8. 悲伤，不幸__________________
9. 财宝，财富__________________ 
10. 愿意的__________________

【合作探究】掌握短语搭配。合作发现最基本、最原始的词形和短语结构。

小组成员独立思考并填写下列短语填空，组内讨论确定最佳答案。（20分）

1. 起重要的作用______________    2. 与...交朋友______________

3. 与...相处的很好_______________    4. 许多，大量__________________

5. 相互 _________________        6. 事实上____________

7. 不同类型的朋友________________   8. 与某人一起玩__________

9. 与某人下象棋______________    10. 棋友___________

11. 意见一致_______________    12. 保持沉默________________

13. 与...分享_____________       14. 能够做某事__________________

15. 依靠___________             16. 乐意做某事___________________

17. 认识彼此 ________________    18. 与...生气 ___________________

19. 向...伸出援手_______________    20. 顺便问一下___________________

探究新知（合作互助探究、重点难点突破）

【展示点拨】方式：个人准备1分钟，小组讨论3分钟，比较流畅地完成表述任务。

                 分值：根据实际表现（流畅度、清晰度）赋分：1—5分。

I、词汇解读讲练结合

●1. part 

[用法导学] n.部分，角色，零件 vt..分离，断裂 adj.部分的 adv. 部分地 

过去式： parted 过去分词： parted

现在分词： parting 三单： parts

短语 play a part in … “在…中起作用，在…中担任角色”

[经典例句]  

1)       Friends play an important part in our lives. 朋友在我们的生活中担任重要角色。

2)       Women play an important part in the development of our country.妇女在祖国发展中起着重要作用。

[实战演练] 英译汉或汉译英

1) I have to take two part-time jobs at the same time to make ends meet. 

__________________________________________________

2) 我们花了一部分时间在博物馆

__________________________________________________

3) the northern part of the country

  _________________________________

4) He had no part in the decision.

 ________________________________________

●2. number

[用法导学]n.数；（杂志等的）期；号码 vi.计入；总数达到vt..编号；计入；数…的数目

a number of… “许多”

[拓展比较] a number of…“许多”（后接可数名词）;  the number of…“数量，号码）

[经典例句]

We may get on well with a number of people, but we usually make friends with only a few of them.

我们可以和很多人相处的很好，但是我们通常只和其中的一些人交上朋友。

get on well with… “与… 相处得很好”

a few of …“… 中的几个，一些”；few of “很少，几乎没有”（用于可数名词）。

a little of；little of （用于不可数名词）

[实战演练]英译汉或汉译英。

1). 每天早晨在公园里都能看见许多老年人。

   ___________________________________

2). A few of them were late for school. 

_____________________

3). I get on well with my teachers and classmates.

______________________________________

4). 我希望你能和这里的人和睦相处。

_______________________________________

● 3. share

[用法导学] ①vt.分享，分担；分配vi.共享；分担n.份额；股份

过去式shared过去分词shared现在分词sharing

[拓展短语] share with…“与…分享，共同”

[经典例句]

1)        A close friend is someone who is able to share joys and sorrows with you.亲密朋友是能与你共享快乐和分担悲伤的人。

[实战演练] 汉译英或英译汉

1)        我应该跟你分担这份工作。

_______________________

2)        Let me share with you how I did it.

________________________________

3)        This is the space I share with you.

___________________________________

● 4. rely

[用法导学] vi.依靠；信赖

过去式relied过去分词relied现在分词relying 

rely on “信赖…,依靠…”

[经典例句] This is a person you can rely on when you need help.

这是一个当你需要帮助的时候可以信赖的人。

[实战演练] 汉译英或英译汉

1)        There is nothing can be forever rely on in this world except yourself only.

____________________________________________________________

2)  你可以依靠/信得过我。

   ___________________________

3)  When I have trouble, I rely on myself and my good friends.

_________________________________________________

● 5. lend

[用法导学]vt.贷；增添，提供；把……借给vi.贷款

过去式lent过去分词lent现在分词lending

lend a hand to…“向…伸出援助之手”= lend sb a hand

be willing to “乐意，愿意”

[经典例句] …this is the person to whom you are willing to lend a helping hand…

这是你愿意向他伸出援助之手的人。

[实战演练] 英译汉

1. Ask the boy to lend a hand with moving the piano.

 _________________________________________-

2. 请帮忙搬一下这行李。

 _________________________________________-

3. Can you lend me a hand to clean these windows？

_______________

【随堂演练】【达标检测】（综合运用点拨·基础题型探究）

要求：限时十分钟完成；方式：独立完成，组长检查

☆A级：单项选择    

1. The actress ___ important part___ our play.

A. plays an， in    B. play a，with   C. play an，in   D. plays a，on

2. Most children rely ___ their parents.

   A. this    B. on    C. at  D. under

3. This is the playground____ we used to play when we were young.

A. which  B. on which   C. in which     D. in where

4.  Tom wanted to____ with his classmates.

A. make a friend  B. make friend   C. make friends      D. making friends

5. I like playing _____ with my classmates.

A. a basketball  B. basketball  C. the basketball  D. basketballs

6. He forget _____his homework，so he was punished by the teacher.

A. do    B. doing  C. to do  D. done

7. ____ interesting news it is.

A. How  B. What   C. What an   D. How an

8. People in the accident did not know that the earth _____ around the sun.

A. went    B. gone    C. goes  D. go

☆☆ B级：单词拼写

1. I am ________________ (一个诚实的) girl.
2. The child like________________  (分享) toys with his friends.
3. ________________(最近)，I found my father liked cooking.
4. The little boy________________ (依赖) his parents very much .
5. _______________ (法语) is a beautiful language.

☆☆☆C级：单句改错    

1. The father said light traveled faster than sound.  _______
2. They told me where I will go the next day.      _______
3. I came into the room and see a bag on the desk.   _______

【课后作业】用所给动词的正确形式填空。

1. We are sure that he _______（go）to school tomorrow.
2. Do you know who __________（be） the first man to walk on the moon?
3. Could you tell me where the post office__________（be）？
4. Our father said that he__________ （will）buy a new computer.
5. I hear that he ____ （swim）in the sea yesterday.

6. The little boy tells us where his father _____ （work）.

7. He said that he ____（finish）his work already.

8. They thought they could ____（hike）to the top of the mountain.

9. He was glad that so many people ____（help） him.

10. She doesn't know whether____ （go） or walk.

【课后作业】把高频知识点和错题整理在笔记本上，提醒自己认真理解和牢记。

基础模块（上）导学案◆Unit 11 Friendship

Period 2 Grammar—The Object Clause

【学习目标】

1. 了解英语句子的基本分类。
2. 熟练掌握宾语从句的结构，连接词，语序，时态等。

【自学指导】课前独立思考完成，理解分析基本结构和用法。

句子种类两种分类法

1. 按句子的用途可分为四种：

1）陈述句（肯定，否定）：He is six years old.

2）疑问句(一般，特殊，选择，反义）：Do they like skating? How old is he?

3）祈使句：Be careful, boys. Don’t talk in class.

4）感叹句：How clever the boy is！

2. 按句子的结构可分为三种：1）简单句 2）并列句 3）复合句

（1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）

He often reads English in the morning.

（2） 并列句：句型：简单句+并列连词+简单句

You help him and he helps you.

（3）主从复合句（复合句）：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。从句包括：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句），定语从句和状语从句等。

 句式结构（常常出现以下三种形式）：

① 主句+连词+从句；②连词+从句+主句； ③主句分部1, +连词+从句, 主句分部2

 The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.

【合作探究一】

小组成员独立思考2分钟，组内进行讨论。

1. 什么是宾语？宾语表示及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系的对象，常由名词或相当于名词的词担任，置于及物动词或介词后。

2. 什么是宾语从句？

在复合句中作宾语的从句就叫作宾语从句，放在及物动词，介词后面。

3. 判断下列句子是简单句还是复合句。

(1).   I love you.

(2).   I am fond of reading books in the sun.

(3).   He bought me a pen.

(4).   How is he getting along with his English teacher？

(5).   We keep it a secret.

(6).   I will arrange my holiday as follows.

(7).   I think (that) your clothes fit well.

(8).   He couldn't tell me where his home was.

(9).   He talked of how he helped the old man.

(10). He always pays attention to whatever the teacher says.

【展示点拨】

方式：小组成员独立思考5分钟，讨论5分钟，小组讨论各部分用法并以组为单位展示。

 宾语从句三要素：连接词、陈述语序、时态呼应

  一、从句的引导词

连接代词：what，which，who，whose， whom，

连接副词：when 时间，where地点，why原因， how方式，how old多大年龄，how long多长时间，how soon还要多久… 等

从属连词：that，if，whether

1. 连词 that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。如：He knew （that） he should work hard. 由that 引导的宾语从句，常见用在动词say, think等后。句型： … says/said/thinks/thought/tells/told… that…

如：My mother tells me（that）nothing is too difficult if I put my heart into it.

2. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句，连词if、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。如：Tom don’t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.

一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：

1）与不定式连用：Whether to go there or not hasn't been decided.

2）在介词后：It depends on（依靠）whether it is going to rain.

3）与or not 或or 连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.

4）用在decide，discuss 等动词后面。

句型：…ask/asked/wonders/wondered/wants to know/wanted to know if/ whether…

3. 连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which等在句中有具体的意义；而连接副词 when，where，why，how，它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有各自的意义。

如：The teacher asked the new students which class he was in.

  二、从句的语序

宾语从句中，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句一律要用陈述语序，即主语、谓语的顺序。如：He asked me whose book this is.

 三、时态呼应

1. 主句与从句时态一致: 若主句是现在的某种状态(一般现在时， 现在进行时，现在完成时）那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。

 I remember he gave me a book yesterday.

 He has told me that he will leave for New York tomorrow.

2. 若主句是过去的某种时态(-般过去时，过去进行时，)那么从句一定要用过去的某种时态(一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)

 He told me that he would take part in the high jump.

 He asked me if I had taken his soap.

3. 若宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理时，即使主句是过去式，从句也用一般现在时。

 He told me that the earth goes round the sun. (真理)

 He said that Yao Ming is much taller than him. (事实)

 四、否定转移

 在主从复合句中，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语动词是think ,believe, suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中。例如：

 I don’t think he will come with you. 我认为他不会和你一起来。

 I don’t believe you are right.  我觉得你不对。

 若谓语动词为hope, 宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。

 I hope it doesn’t rain.  我希望不要下雨。

 I hope you don’t mind my saying it.  我希望你别介意我说这些话。

 五、可用it作形式宾语

 有时宾语从句在主句中和其他词构成复合宾语，这时宾语从句常被移到句子后面，前面用it作形式宾语。

 Do you consider it necessary that he will do it again.

 We found it important that he could finish it in such a short time.

【当堂检测】

第1组

(  )1.  The girls asked if they _________ some food and drink with them.

 A. took    B. take     C. takes    D. will take

(  )2.  Catherine said that she _________ to Guangzhou.

 A. has never gone     B. had never gone

 C. has never been     D. had never been

(  )3.  The students want to know whether they _________ dictation today.

 A. had    B. has    C. will have  D. are

(  )4.  She asked Linda if _________ go and get some.

 A. could she  B. she could  C. she can   D. she may

(  )5.  Linda said the moon _________ round the earth.

 A. travelled   B. has travelled  C. travels   D. had travelled

第2组

(  )1.  Can you tell me _________ you were born, Betty?

 A. who    B. what   C. when   D. that

(  )2.  I don’t know_________ they have passed the exam.

 A. what   B. if    C. when   D. where

(  )3.  I hardly understand _________ he has told me.

 A. that    B. what   C. which   D. who

(  )4.  She didn’t know_________ back soon.

 A. whether he would be  B. if would he be  C. he will be  D. he may be

(  )5.  I don’t know_________ he still lives here after so many years.

 A. whether   B. where   C. what   D. when

(  )6.  Do you know _________ they listened to yesterday evening？

  A. what   B. when    C. why    D. how

(  )7.  He asked me_________ told me the accident.

 A. whom   B. which   C. who   D. whose

【拓展提高】从括号里选择合适的连接词填空

1. Jim told me _________ （how，why）he didn’t go fishing yesterday afternoon.

2. Do you know_________（who，whom） else is going to be on duty today？

3. She said _________（that，if） it wouldn’t matter much.

4. He always thinks _________ （how， who）he can do better.

5. I really don’t know _________ （how long，how soon）the bridge will be finished.

6. The don’t know _________ （if，whether）to go or wait.

7. We are talking about _________（whether，if）we will go back tomorrow.

  I won’t go to Beijing _________（whether，if）you don’t go with me.

8. I was really surprised at_________（where， what）I saw.

9. I don’t know_________（how，why） so many people are looking at him .

10. Do you know _________ （why，what）you are studying for?