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    高考英语语法填空专项练习

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    这是一份高考英语语法填空专项练习,共20页。
    用单词的适当形式完成短文
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    A panda-themed coffee shop at the Beijing Zoo ____1____ (become) popular among visitors since its opening on February 1st. Visitors can enjoy a cup of coffee ____2____ taking photos with statues of China’s national treasure, the giant panda. The images of the cute animal can be seen all over the coffee shop. Panda Post is welcomed by panda fans at the Chengdu Panda Base too, ____3____ people can purchase panda-themed items ranging from stamps, postcards, refrigerator magnets, envelopes, toys to other souvenirs.
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    ____4____ has recently amused netizens was the sight of a different kind of the dog on the sidewalks of Shanghai — robotic dogs in one short video ____5____ (upload) on social media. Named Go1, the robot was launched by Chinese start-up Unitree in June 2021. The robot ____6____ (cost) about 16,000 yuan and is capable of running at a speed of 4.7 meters per second. Other two models are for industrial purposes such as 3D mapping, security, and power check. They are sold online for around 300,000 and 100,000 yuan ____7____ (respective).
    阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    Years ago, I was in Manhattan to visit my brother. Stopping at a pay phone to call him, I reached into my wallet for a piece of paper with his number on it. Later, when I got to my brother’s place, he told me a woman just called him, saying she ___8___ (find) a wallet. But she didn’t find anything___9___ could show the owner’s identification but the phone number inside. Knowing she ___10___(wait) at a bar near the pay phone, I hurried over and found my hero. “May I buy you a drink?” I asked. “No, thanks, ” she said, handing me my wallet.
    阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    We know that ___11___(get) some fresh air can be a mood lifter, but now a German study gives us insight into why. When researchers examined participants’ brains, they discovered that those who spent more time outside had a larger volume of gray matter in the right prefrontal cortex-the area involved in planning thoughts and actions. Of course, getting outside could do more good than a mood shift ___12___ earlier studies have found that less prefrontal gray matter is linked to depression. Therefore, make it a goal ___13___(spend) at least one hour outside every day.
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    Marlee became deaf when she was one and a half years old. ____14____ she can’t hear anything, she is positive towards life: “The only thing I can’t do is hear.” Her parents sent her to a public school, ____15____ Marlee got used to the life soon with the help of special programs.
    The school helped her become the first deaf actress ____16____ (receive) an Academy Award. “I work every day to help people understand. Deaf people not only deserve respect, they deserve to be heard,” Marlee said.
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    A grand ceremony ____17____ (hold) on Feb 20 in Beijing to mark the closing of the 2022 Winter Olympic Games. The ceremony at the National Stadium, also ____18____ (know) as the Bird’s Nest, began with children dancing while holding snowflake-shaped lanterns. A traditional “Chinese knot” pattern ____19____ (appear) over the stadium before athletes entered the venue. The red Chinese knot was projected digitally into the sky, ____20____ (mark) not only the connection of China with the world, but also the Olympic spirit of togetherness.
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    Your attitude towards life will significantly impact the level of success you ____21____ (have) in the future. Typically, when you have a bad attitude, it ____22____ (negative) affects your action.
    With a positive attitude, you’re much more likely to take action and get all your tasks done. And having a positive attitude makes you much more likely to be supportive of others and helpful to them. So, an added benefit of a positive attitude is that you’re able to have better relationships ____23____ others.
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    Children are unwilling to seek help in school because they feel it makes them look incompetent. However, if they are afraid to ask for help, their learning experience ____24____(suffer). How can we help children overcome the barrier? First, teachers could create activities ____25____ each student becomes an “expert” on a different topic, and then children must ask for help to master all of the material. If seeking help ____26____(understand) as a commonplace classroom activity, kids may be less likely to think of it as an indication of one’s ability.
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    Sophie dedicated her time to crafting “chemo comfort bags” for hospital patients. She decided to brighten the days of chemotherapy patients shortly after knowing ____27____ the treatment was like. ____28____ the help from her family, Sophie filled each bag with items that were meant to enhance comfort, including blankets, pillows and cozy socks. Last month, Sophie and her family ____29____(donate) ten comfort bags to patients. When ____30____(ask) how it felt to see that her comfort bags were making a difference in people’s lives, Sophie said, “It feels so nice.”
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    Recently, many who drink milk have switched to plant-based milks ____31____(come) from almonds, soy or rice. And the newest star among them is oat milk. This creamy, delicious drink makes coffee, cereal, and baked goods taste delicious. Another reason for its ____32____(popular) lies in its benefits. Oat milk contains vitamins and minerals. It also has fiber, which can help to reduce the risk of heart disease. It is ____33____(cheap) to make and requires less water to produce than some other plant-based milks. Some people believe it’s an environmentally-friendly choice.
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    Beijing is home to more than 3,000 years of charming history. As a keen photographer, I take every opportunity ____34____ (explore) the capital and record everything I discovered ____35____ my lens, from hutongs to imperial palaces. But for all its ancient wonders, Beijing is also a place that fully embraces the fast-paced development of modern life, with soaring 21st century architectural wonders ____36____ (stand) alongside the cultural relics of the past.
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    Once upon a time, lighthouses, built to help guide ships away from dangerous rocks and reefs, ____37____(locate)in wild, remote areas. They were considered ____38____(lonely)places in the world to live and work. Today, with automatic lighting that can guide ships at sea, the lighthouse is a thing of the past. Still, many lighthouses throughout the world have been preserved ____39____ museums or important buildings. Some have even been turned into restaurants or hotels. They are places for people to visit and to go back in time.
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    Humans like to live near rivers and they often find ____40____(they) needing to cross them. The simplest way across a river is to ford it. Fording is to find ____41____ the river is shallow and cross it safely without using a boat. It means ____42____(pretend) the river is not there, continuing to walk, and hoping for the best. But sometimes even water at shallow areas can be surprisingly dangerous,   ____43____ is because it’s not always easy to tell how fast the water is moving. It only takes ankle-deep water to sweep a person off their feet.
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    Since last month, more than half of America’s school districts ____44____(report) “severe” or “desperate” school bus driver shortages. Suffering like this makes them thankful for people like Michael Mason. Driving a school bus isn’t Michael Mason’s first job; he used to work for the government. But unlike many retirees, Mason is not sitting home and relaxing. ____45____(lend) a helping hand, he started a new job—a bus driver. Mason hopes to inspire others in the community. He says, “I believe if all of us give a little something, we ____46____(make) a difference in the world.”
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空自处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    Cyclo-cross is a tough but fun sport ____47____ riders race laps around an off-road circuit such as a park or field. They ride up and down hills, through twists and turns and sometimes over low barriers or steps. At times, they may decide to get off their bike and run through the mud while pushing their bike or carrying it ____48____ their shoulder. Races usually take place in autumn and winter when the ground conditions and weather make it even ____49____(tough).
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空自处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    The koala is a symbol of Australia. Recently, the Australian government has listed it as an ____50____(endanger) species. This is because of a fall in its number. caused by bushfires and the cutting down of trees. There are about 50, 000 koalas in the wild now. The government ____51____(give) koalas greater protection in the future, and a recovery plan ____52____(announce) already.
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空自处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
    Although handwriting is an important part of the courses in the UK, some teachers think ____53____ (type) is now more important. In December 2021, one headteacher suggested that A-level exams should be typed instead of written by hand. This was partly because students learning
    ____54____ (remote) have used keyboards, not pens, but also because text messages are now more common than handwritten ____55____ (note). However, it remains uncertain ____56____ this suggestion will be adopted.
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。
    Two firefighters ___57___ (wait) in line at a fast-food restaurant when the siren (警报器) sounded on their fire engine outside. As they turned to leave, a couple who ___58___ (receive) their order a moment ago handed their food to the firefighters. The couple then got back in line to reorder. ___59___ (appreciate) their selfless act as a reward, the manager refused to take the couple’s money.
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。
    Have you ever thought about having another finger? Researchers at University College London have developed a robotic 3D-printed ‌“third thumb”. The thumb is worn on the side of the hand opposite the actual thumb. Volunteers ___60___ (wear) the third thumb could carry ___61___ (many) objects than usual, and hold and open a soft drink bottle with one hand. Also, human brains can adapt to the use of an extra thumb ___62___ (easy).
    阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。
    Lanzhou, 9th August 2017. A group of scientists from different ___63___ (country) were working together to help increase knowledge and appreciation of China’s ancient cultural heritage. They were recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves ___64___ had been a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China’s ancient history. Nearly 500,000 high-quality digital photographs ___65___ (produce) since the international project started in 1994. By sharing so many digital photos ___66___ the Internet, the group hopes to promote even wider interest around the world.













    参考答案:
    1.has become

    2.while/after
    3.where
    【解析】
    【导语】
    这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了北京动物园一家以熊猫为主题的咖啡馆自2月1日开业以来,受到了游客们的欢迎以及其原因。
    1.
    考查时态。句意:北京动物园一家以熊猫为主题的咖啡馆自2月1日开业以来,一直深受游客欢迎。分析句子结构可知,空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语“since its opening on February 1st”可知,句子用现在完成时态,主语为单数,所以要用has become。故填has become。
    2.
    考查连词。句意:游客可以一边喝咖啡,一边与中国国宝大熊猫的雕像合影留念。分析语境可知,空处需要while“与…同时”引导时间状语从句,当时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,可以省略从句中的主语加be动词,全句为“Visitors can enjoy a cup of coffee while they are taking photos with statues of China’s national treasure, the giant panda.”,所以省略主语they和are。或者表示行为发生的先后顺序,使用after表示与国宝大熊猫的雕像合影留念之后,可喝咖啡。故填while/after。
    3.
    考查定语从句。句意:在成都熊猫基地,熊猫邮报也受到熊猫爱好者的欢迎,人们可以在那里购买熊猫主题的物品,从邮票、明信片、冰箱磁铁、信封、玩具到其他纪念品。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词the Chengdu Panda Base,先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where。故填where。
    4.What
    5.uploaded
    6.costs
    7.respectively
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文为一篇说明文。介绍了上海街道上出现的机器狗的情况。
    4.
    考查主语从句的连接词。句意:最近让网友们感到有趣的是,在上海人行道上看到了另一种狗——传到社交媒体的一个短视频中的机器狗。根据句子结构,句子的谓语动词是was,was前为主语从句,从句缺少主语,指代事物,应用连接词what,句首时首字母大写。故填What。
    5.
    考查非谓语动词。句意:最近让网友们感到有趣的是,在上海人行道上看到了另一种狗——传到社交媒体的一个短视频中的机器狗。此处考查非谓语动词,设空处前short video,upload与该名词为动宾关系,应用过去分词形式,作定语。故填uploaded。
    6.
    考查时态。句意:该机器人造价约1.6万元,能够以每秒4.7米的速度奔跑。句中连词and连接两个并列谓语,is是一般现在时,cost用一般现在时表示在陈述一个客观事实。应用一般现在时。故填costs。
    7.
    考查副词。句意:它们在网上的售价分别为30万元和10万元左右。设空处考查副词,作状语。respective的副词为respectively,意为“分别地”。故填respectively。
    8.had found
    9.that
    10.was waiting
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去曼哈顿看望哥哥,不慎将钱包丢失。幸亏一位女士发现钱包并设法找到作者,作者想表示感谢,但女士拒绝了。
    8.
    考查时态。句意:后来,当我到我哥哥家时,他告诉我刚刚有个女人打电话给他,说她发现了一个钱包。从句的时态发生在主句动作told之前,表示过去的过去,所以用过去完成时。故填had found。
    9.
    考查时态。句意:但除了里面的电话号码,她没有找到任何能显示失主身份的东西。句中先行词为不定代词anything,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词that引导。故填that。
    10.
    考查时态。句意:我知道她正在公用电话旁的酒吧等着我,就赶紧过去,找到了我心目中的英雄。结合句意可知,表示过去正在做某事,所以用过去进行时。故填was waiting。
    11.getting
    12.because
    13.to spend
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究发现呼吸新鲜空气能让人心情舒畅的原因。
    11.
    考查非谓语动词。句意:我们都知道呼吸新鲜空气能让人心情舒畅,但现在德国的一项研究让我们了解了其中的原因。分析句子结构可知,宾语从句中缺少主语,所以用动名词作主语。故填getting。
    12.
    考查连词。句意:当然,外出可能比情绪转变更有益,因为早些时候的研究发现,前额叶灰质较少与抑郁有关。根据“getting outside could do more good than a mood shift”可知,后句解释“外出可能比情绪转变更有益”的原因,所以用连词because。故填because。
    13.
    考查非谓语动词。句意:因此,把每天至少花一个小时在户外作为一个目标。句子it为形式宾语,真正的宾语为不定式。故填to spend。
    14.Although
    15.where
    16.to receive
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文是记叙文,主要讲的是Marlee虽然失聪,但是对生活很积极,父母把她送到一所公立学校,这所学校帮助她成为第一个获得奥斯卡奖的聋哑女演员。
    14.
    考查连词。句意:虽然她什么都听不到,但她对生活很积极。由“she can’t hear anything, she is positive towards life”可知,句子表示“虽然她什么都听不到,但她对生活很积极”,空格处意为“虽然”,是although,位于句首,首字母大写,故填Although。
    15.
    考查定语从句。句意:她的父母把她送到一所公立学校,在特殊项目的帮助下,玛丽很快就习惯了那里的生活。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词school是地点,因此空格处用关系副词where,故填where。
    16.
    考查不定式。句意:这所学校帮助她成为第一个获得奥斯卡奖的聋哑女演员。actress前有序数词first修饰,因此空格处用不定式作后置定语,修饰actress,故填to receive。
    17.was held
    18.known
    19.had appeared
    20.marking
    【解析】
    【导语】
    这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述2月20日在北京举行的2022年冬季奥运会闭幕式。
    17.
    考查时态语态。句意:2月20日,为纪念2022年冬季奥运会闭幕,北京举行了盛大的仪式。由句子分析可知,此空应填谓语,主语A grand ceremony为第三人称单数,与谓语hold为被动关系,且由on Feb 20 可知时态应用一般过去时。故填was held。
    18.
    考查非谓语。句意:在国家体育场,也被称为鸟巢,仪式以孩子们手持雪花形灯笼跳舞开始。由句子分析可知,此空应填非谓语,且the National Stadium和know为被动关系,所以应用过去分词作状语。故填known。
    19.
    考查时态。句意:在运动员进入场馆之前,体育场上方出现了传统的“中国结”图案。由句子分析可知,此空应填谓语,主语 A traditional “Chinese knot” pattern 和谓语appear为主动关系,且动作发生在 entered 前,所以应用过去完成时。故填had appeared。
    20.
    考查非谓语。句意:红色的中国结被数字投影到天空,不仅标志着中国与世界的联系,也标志着奥林匹克精神的团结。由句子分析可知,此空应填非谓语,且主语 The red Chinese和mark为主动关系,所以这里应用现在分词作状语。故填marking。
    21.will have
    22.negatively
    23.with
    【解析】
    【导语】
    这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们对待生活的态度将极大地影响未来成功的程度,积极的人生态度能给人们带来许多好处。
    21.
    考查动词的时态。句意:你对生活的态度将极大地影响你未来成功的程度。分析句子成分可知,此处缺少谓语,根据后文“in the future”(在未来)可知,应用一般将来时态。故填will have。
    22.
    考查副词。句意:通常,当你有一个不好的态度时,它会消极地影响你的行为。分析句子可知,此处修饰动词affects,需用副词形式。故填negatively。
    23.
    考查介词。句意:所以,积极态度的另一个好处是你能够与他人建立更好的关系。have a good relationship with sb.为固定短语,意为“和某人关系很好”,with表示“和”。故填with。
    24.will suffer
    25.where
    26.is understood
    【解析】
    【导语】
    这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了孩子们不愿意在学校里寻求帮助的原因以及解决方法。
    24.
    考查时态。句意:然而,如果他们害怕寻求帮助,他们的学习经历就会受到影响。if引导条件状语从句时,遵循“主将从现”原则,即主句使用一般将来时,从句使用一般现在时,空处为主句谓语,应用will suffer。故填will suffer。
    25.
    考查定语从句。句意:首先,教师可以创建活动,在活动中每个学生成为不同主题的“专家”,然后孩子们必须寻求帮助才能掌握所有材料。分析句子结构,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词activities,定语从句中缺少状语,表示“在活动中”,应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
    26.
    考查时态和语态。句意:如果寻求帮助被理解为一种普通的课堂活动,那么孩子们就不太可能认为它是一个人能力的体现。if引导的条件状语从句应用一般现在时表示将来,且understand与主语seeking help之间是被动关系,空处应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语seeking help为动名词短语,be动词应用is。故填is understood。
    27.what
    28.With
    29.donated
    30.asked
    【解析】
    【导语】
    这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了苏菲为需要化疗的患者制作“化疗舒适袋”的故事。
    27.
    考查连词。句意:在了解了化疗是什么样子之后不久,她决定让化疗患者的日子变得更加美好。分析句子结构,空处引导宾语从句,作动词knowing的宾语,从句中缺少like的宾语,表示“什么”,应用what引导从句。故填what。
    28.
    考查介词。句意:在家人的帮助下,苏菲在每个袋子里装满了旨在提高舒适度的物品,包括毯子、枕头和舒适的袜子。结合语意,空处应用介词with,构成短语with the help from sb.,表示“在某人的帮助下”。故填With。
    29.
    考查时态。句意:上个月,苏菲和她的家人向病人捐赠了十个舒适袋。根据时间状语last month可知,动作发生在过去,句子应用一般过去时,且与主语是主动关系。故填donated。
    30.
    考查状语从句的省略。句意:当被问及看到她的舒适袋改变了人们的生活,她感觉如何时,苏菲说:“感觉真好。”结合语意,苏菲被别人询问感觉如何,从句为When Sophie was asked how it felt to see that her comfort bags were making a difference in people’s lives,分析句子结构,When引导时间状语从句,从句主语与主句主语一致,且从句中含有be动词,所以从句中的“主语+be动词”可以省略。故填asked。
    31.coming
    32.popularity
    33.cheaper
    【解析】
    【导语】
    这是一篇说明文。最近,许多喝牛奶的人已经改用杏仁、大豆或大米制成的植物性牛奶。其中最新的明星是燕麦牛奶。文章介绍了燕麦牛奶的好处。
    31.
    考查非谓语动词。句意:最近,许多喝牛奶的人已经改用杏仁、大豆或大米制成的植物性牛奶。分析句子结构可知come在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语milks构成主动关系,故用现在分词作定语。故填coming。
    32.
    考查名词。句意:它受欢迎的另一个原因是它的好处。此处作宾语,表示“受欢迎”应用名词popularity,故填popularity。
    33.
    考查比较级。句意:与其他植物性牛奶相比,它的制作成本更低,需要的水也更少。根据后文“than some other plant-based milks”可知应用比较级。故填cheaper。
    34.to explore
    35.through
    36.standing
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者喜欢通过镜头记录北京历史与现代的融合。
    34.
    考查非谓语动词。句意:作为一名摄影爱好者,我抓住每一个机会探索首都,通过镜头记录下我发现的一切,从胡同到皇宫。take every opportunity to do sth.抓住每个机会做某事。故填to explore。
    35.
    考查介词。句意:作为一名摄影爱好者,我抓住每一个机会探索首都,通过镜头记录下我发现的一切,从胡同到皇宫。名词my lens前用介词形式。介词through为“通过,凭借”之意。故填through。
    36.
    考查非谓语动词。句意:但除了这些古老的奇迹,北京也是一个完全拥抱现代生活快节奏发展的地方,高耸的21世纪建筑奇迹与过去的文化遗迹并存。介词with后宾语architectural wonders与stand之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填standing。
    37.were located
    38.the loneliest
    39.as
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文是一篇说明文。文件介绍了很久以前,建造灯塔是为了引导船只,而现如今,随着科技发展,灯塔的引导功能已成为过去式,有些变成了博物馆或重要建筑被保存下来,或者是餐馆,酒店等。它们变成了供人们参观和回到过去的地方。
    37.
    考查谓语动词。句意:很久以前,建造灯塔是为了引导船只远离危险的岩石和暗礁,灯塔位于偏僻的荒野地区。分析句子可知,空处为句子的谓语,短语“be located in”表示“位于”,是固定短语,根据时间状语once upon a time可知时态为一般过去时,主语lighthouses为复数,be动词用were,故填were located。
    38.
    考查形容词最高级。句意:它们被认为是世界上最孤独的生活和工作的地方。根据句意和in the world可知,此处形容词应用最高级,表示“最孤独的”,最高级前应用定冠词the修饰,故填the loneliest。
    39.
    考查介词。句意:尽管如此,世界上仍有许多灯塔作为博物馆或重要建筑被保存下来。根据句意和宾语 museums or important buildings可知,此处表示灯塔“作为”博物馆或重要建筑保存下来,应用介词as表示“作为”,故填as。
    40.themselves
    41.where
    42.pretending
    43.which
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是过河最简单的方法——涉水。
    40.
    考查反身代词。句意:人类喜欢住在河流附近,他们经常发现自己需要过河。当主语和宾语一致时,用反身代词作宾语,they的反身代词是themselves,故填themselves。
    41.
    考查宾语从句。句意:涉水就是找到河流浅的地方,不用船安全地过河。分析句子结构可知,“the river is shallow”是宾语从句,从句中成分齐全,根据语境可知,句子表示“涉水就是找到河流浅的地方”,空格处意为“……的地方”,做地点状语,因此空格处是连接副词where,故填where。
    42.
    考查动名词。句意:这意味着假装河流不存在,继续走,并期待最好的结果。根据语境可知,句子表示“这意味着假装河流不存在”,mean doing意为“意味着做某事”,因此空格处用动名词pretending作宾语,故填pretending。
    43.
    考查定语从句。句意:但有时即使是浅水区的水也会令人惊讶地危险,这是因为很难判断水的移动速度。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,主语是前面整个主句所描述的事情,因此空格处用关系代词which,故填which。
    44.have reported##have been reporting
    45.To lend
    46.will make
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲的是退休人员迈克尔·梅森通过开校车为社会做贡献。
    44.
    考查时态和主谓一致。句意:自上个月以来,超过一半的美国学区报告校车司机“严重”或“极度”短缺。由“Since last month”可知,句子时态用现在完成时,根据语境可知,美国学区报告校车司机“严重”或“极度”短缺这件事还可能继续下去,因此时态也可用现在完成进行时,即have/has been doing,主语districts是复数,因此空格处用have reported/have been reporting,故填have reported/have been reporting。
    45.
    考查不定式。句意:为了伸出援助之手,他开始了一份新工作——公共汽车司机。空格处用不定式表目的,位于句首,首字母大写,故填To lend。
    46.
    考查时态。句意:我相信,如果我们每个人都付出一点,我们就会让世界有所不同。if引导的是条件状语从句,状语从句用一般现在时表将来,因此主句用一般将来时,空格处是will make,故填will make。
    47.where
    48.on
    49.tougher
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自行车越野赛这项艰苦但有趣的运动。
    47.
    考查定语从句。句意:自行车越野赛是一项艰苦但有趣的运动,骑手们要绕着公园或场地等越野赛道跑一圈。分析句子可知,此处包含一个限定性定语从句,先行词为sport,指代地点,且从句缺少地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导从句,在从句中作地点状语,故填where。
    48.
    考查介词。句意:有时,他们可能会决定下车,在泥泞中奔跑,同时推着他们的自行车或把它扛在肩上。根据句意可知,此处表达“把自行车扛在肩上”,应用介词on (在……上)。故填on。
    49.
    考查形容词比较级。句意:比赛通常在秋季和冬季举行,当时的地面条件和天气使比赛更加艰难。根据句意和even可知,此处表示“甚至更艰难”,形容词应用比较级,作宾补。故填tougher。
    50.endangered
    51.will give
    52.has been announced
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚考拉因为森林大火和砍伐树木,导致数量急剧下降。为更好保护考拉,政府将宣布了一项恢复计划。
    50.
    考查形容词。句意:最近,澳大利亚政府将其列为濒危物种。分析句子结构,此处修饰后面名词species,用形容词形式作前置定语,endangered濒危的,符合题意。故填endangered。
    51.
    考查时态。句意:政府将在未来给予考拉更大的保护,并且已经宣布了一项恢复计划。分析句子结构,此处作谓语动词。根据in the future,可知此处动词用一般将来时,will give符合题意。故填will give。
    52.
    考查时态和语态。句意:政府将在未来给予考拉更大的保护,并且已经宣布了一项恢复计划。分析句子结构,此处作谓语动词。根据already,可知此处用现在完成时,动词announce与plan构成被动关系,用现在完成时的被动语态,谓语动词用单数形式。has been announced符合题意。故填has been announced。
    53.typing
    54.remotely
    55.notes
    56.whether##if
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文是一篇议论文,主要探讨打字是否应该纳入学生课程当中, 以及是否采用打字的方式考试。
    53.
    考查非谓语动词。句意:一些老师认为如今打字越来越重要了。动词type和谓语动词think之间没有连词,所以使用非谓语形式。分析句子结构,teachers是主句主语,think是主句谓语,think后面是宾语从句,is是系动词,more important是从句的表语。从句缺少主语,所以设空处需填type的动名词形式typing,充当宾语从句的主语。故填typing。
    54.
    考查副词。句意:这不仅是因为采用远程学习的学生使用键盘,而非笔,也因为如今短信比手写笔记更加常见。learning是动词,设空处需填副词作状语,修饰learning。remote的副词是remotely。故填remotely。
    55.
    考查名词。句意:这不仅是因为采用远程学习的学生使用的是键盘,而非笔,也因为如今短信比手写笔记更常见。note意为“笔记”时,是可数名词,因为其前面没有限定词,所以设空处需填复数形式notes。故填notes。
    56.
    考查主语从句。句意:然而,这个建议是否采纳尚未确定。分析句子结构,it是形式主语,设空处引导主语从句。根据句意“是否”可知,设空处需填连词whether或if。故填whether或if。
    57.were waiting
    58.had received
    59.To appreciate
    【解析】
    【导语】
    这是一篇记叙文,文章讲述了两名消防员在快餐店排队时警笛响起了,他们转身离开时一对夫妇把自己的食物给了消防员,快餐店经理为了感谢这对夫妇的无私而拒绝收他们的钱。
    57.
    考查时态和主谓一致。句意:两名消防员正在一家快餐店排队,这时外面消防车的警笛响了。根据时间状语从句“when the siren(警报器) sounded on their fire engine outside”可知,从句用的是一般过去时,此处指外面消防车的警笛响起时正在发生的事情,主句应用过去进行时,主语firefighters是名词复数,be动词用were,故填were waiting。
    58.
    考查过去完成时。句意:当他们转身离开时,一对刚刚收到订单的夫妇把他们的食物递给了消防员。结合句意可知,此处表示“一对刚刚收到订单的夫妇把他们的食物递给了消防员”,receive表示的动作发生在谓语动词handed之前,表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时。故填had received。
    59.
    考查动词不定式。句意:为了感谢他们无私的行为,作为回报,经理拒绝接受这对夫妇的钱。结合句意可知,此处表示目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语,句首单词的首字母应大写。故填To appreciate。
    60.wearing
    61.more
    62.easily
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是伦敦大学的研究人员发明了一种3D打印机器人,能打印第三个拇指。
    60.
    考查非谓语动词。句意:戴着第三根拇指的志愿者可以比平时携带更多的东西,并可以用一只手握住和打开一个软饮料瓶子。分析句子结构可知,句中谓语是“could carry”,空格处用非谓语动词做后置定语,Volunteers和wear之间是主谓关系,因此空格处用现在分词wearing表主动,故填wearing。
    61.
    考查形容词比较级。句意:戴着第三根拇指的志愿者可以比平时携带更多的东西,并可以用一只手握住和打开一个软饮料瓶子。由than可知,空格处用比较级more,故填more。
    62.
    考查副词。句意:此外,人类的大脑可以很容易地适应使用额外的拇指。空格处用副词修饰动词“adapt to”,easy的副词是easily,意为“容易地”,故填easily。
    63.countries
    64.which##that
    65.have been produced
    66.on##over
    【解析】
    【导语】
    这是一篇新闻报道,本文讲述一批来自中国和其他国家的科学家正在共同努力记录和收集莫高窟的文物数字图象,通过在互联网上分享数码照片,他们希望在全世界范围内提高人们对中国古代历史、文化和传统的更广泛的兴趣。
    63.
    考查名词复数。句意:一群来自不同国家的科学家正在共同努力,帮助提高对中国古代文化遗产的认识和欣赏。country国家,是可数名词,由空前的different可知,此处应用复数形式。故填countries。
    64.
    考查定语从句。句意:他们记录和收集莫高窟文物的数字图像,莫高窟在中国古代历史上是丝绸之路的关键一站。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是the Mogao Caves,关系词在从句中作主语,应用which或that引导。故填which/that。
    65.
    考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:自1994年该国际项目开始以来,已制作了近50万张高质量数码照片。由“since the international project started in 1994”可知,句子应用现在完成时,且主语photographs和动词produce之间是被动关系,故用现在完成时的被动语态,主语是名词复数,助动词用have,故填have been produced。
    66.
    考查介词。句意:通过在互联网上分享如此多的数码照片,该组织希望能在世界各地促进更广泛的兴趣。结合句意可知,此处指“在互联网上”或“通过互联网”,用介词on或over均可。故填on/over。

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