河南省修武县第一中学2022-2023学年高二上学期第四次考试英语试题（含答案）

这是一份河南省修武县第一中学2022-2023学年高二上学期第四次考试英语试题（含答案），共16页。
命题人： 试做人： 备课组长：
第一卷（满分：115分）
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Becming a Nature Lver thrugh Citizen Science
Citizen Science is an educatin series featuring wrkshps n a variety f tpics in a relaxed and inspiring envirnment. There is n mnetary registratin fee; instead, each instructr suggests items r services they will accept in exchange fr class participatin.
Our vlunteer instructrs prepare based n hw many peple sign up, s please nly sign up if yu will actually attend.
Date
Friday, May 4
Time
8: 30am—10: 30 am Class descriptin
Interested in studying nature, feeling mre cnnected t yur surrundings, helping the natural envirnment, but nt sure where t start? Jin us n a PwerPint tur thrugh the instructr’s favrite citizen science platfrms that apply t ur regin. Just thrugh being bservant n a daily walk, yu can submit meaningful data t scientists wh will use yur data t take meaningful cnservatin steps! We’ll shw yu hw! It’s easy!
Suggested items in exchange fr this class
*Baked snacks
*Hmemade preserved fds
*Huseplants
*Nature art
Abut the instructr
Kelsey Frey is the manager f educatin and utreach (外展服务) fr Yrk Cunty Parks, part-time envirnmental educatr fr Lancaster Cunty Parks, and runs her wn business, Creative Nature Wrks, in her spare time. Kelsey’s passinate abut many natural histry tpics, including butterflies, and landscaping with native plants.
1．Wh are mst likely t attend the class?
A．Art lvers.B．Outdr fitness lvers.
C．Vlunteers fnd f ckingD．Lcal peple interested in nature.
2．Which f the fllwing can participants prvide in exchange fr the class?
A．Secnd-hand clthes.B．Hmemade tmat sauce.
C．An unused hney pt.D．A newly bught ntebk.
3．What can we learn abut the instructr?
A．She is a full-time teacher.
B．She manages Lancaster Cunty Parks.
C．She is in charge f Creative Nature Wrks.
D．She is actively busy with cmmunity wrk.
B
When I fund an advertisement fr a cnference by chance, I culdn’t wait t tell my cwrkers. It lked like a great day f presentatins highly relevant t ur research, and I expected they wuld be eager t attend with me. Hwever, n ne was interested.
A year earlier, I left India fr the United Kingdm t pursue my research career. At wrk, I shied away frm engaging in discussins r putting frward my pinins. I was afraid my cwrkers wuld realize hw weak I really felt. Sme mrnings just stepping ut f my rm and ging int the lab seemed a tugh task.
Scializing didn’t help, as I cnstantly feared cmmitting scial mistakes. I lnged fr new experiences, but my insecurities prevented me. I started t keep mre and mre t myself. That began t change after a quiet breakdwn in the lab prmpted (促使) me t cntact the university’s mental health services. The cnsultant suggested I attend a nearby cncert by a famus singer frm my hme cuntry. I culdn’t miss it. S, there I was in the packed cncert hall, surrunded by strangers—all f us clapping and singing the chruses f the familiar sngs. It was a beautiful night, and it prved t be a turning pint.
My grwing self-cnfidence carried ver int my wrk, where I started t speak up and put frward my pinins. I ffered t help cwrkers design and truble sht experiments. I began t ask questins during departmental meetings. I finally felt like an active member f the grup. S, when that cnference came arund, I felt cmfrtable registering t attend n my wn-and I’m s glad I did. Nt nly did I meet the speakers, but I als intrduced myself t ther attendees. The encunters inspired me t critically evaluate my wn prfessinal interests.
4．Hw did the authr prbably feel at first abut his cwrkers’ respnse?
A．Eager.B．Wrried.C．Disappinted.D．Uninterested.
5．Why did the authr cntact the mental health services?
A．He wanted t slve a cnflict.
B．He struggled t cnduct research.
C．He ften made big mistakes in scializing.
D．He lacked cnfidence in a new envirnment.
6．What happened during the cncert?
A．The authr gt the cnsultant’s help.
B．The authr sang alng with the strange audience.
C．The authr met with a previus cwrker.
D．The authr cnnected a sng with his research.
7．What did the authr d at last?
A．He went t the cnference alne.B．He turned t experts fr advice.
C．He tk full charge f the lab.
D．He changed his prfessinal interests.
C
Gratitude is mre than just saying ‘thank yu’ t smene wh has helped us r given us a gift. Gratitude is a deeper appreciatin fr smene r smething that makes us feel a psitive emtin. And this psitive emtin can be gd fr ur health—ur emtinal and physical health, as well as the health f ur relatinships.
Let’s start by lking at the emtinal r mental health benefits f expressing gratitude. There have been many studies, as described in a 2018 paper frm the Greater Gd Science Center titled ‘The Science f Gratitude’, shwing that writing a gratitude letter t anther persn r writing in a gratitude jurnal, if dne regularly, imprves mental health. One reasn fr this is that gratitude stps us frm rethinking n unpleasure, negative emtins, and writing a ‘thank yu’ letter, fr example, shifts ur attentin s that we fcus n psitive emtins. But even if we dn’t share ur writing with anyne, like in a jurnal, the act f cmpleting the exercise alne makes us happier and mre satisfied with life. And this gets better with time. As we are essentially training ur brain t be mre in tune with nticing the psitive, after several weeks r mnths, this becmes mre intuitive (凭直觉的). And s, the mre we express gratitude, the mre psitive we feel.
Gratitude can als make us feel gd in ur bdies. There are studies linking a gratitude practice t better sleep quality, better eating habits, and reduced inflammatin (炎症) in peple wh have had heart prblems. S gratitude is clearly gd fr us, but is it als gd fr the peple in ur lives?
The simple answer is ‘yes’. When shared—spken r written—gratitude is abut feeling valued and helping thers feel valued t. Feeling valued can help build strnger relatinships—be it with family, partners, friends r even clleagues. And that’s n tp f all the ther ways—gratitude is clearly gd fr us. Maybe we shuld all stp cunting sheep r cunting calries and start cunting ur blessings instead.
8．What can we d regularly t imprve ur mental health accrding t Para. 2?
A．Giving gifts.B．Keeping diaries.
C．Sharing ur stries.D．Writing thank-yu letters.
9．What are the benefits f gratitude practice frm sme studies?
A．Higher sleep quality.B．Wrse eating habits.
C．Keeping gd figure.D．Preventing heart prblems.
10．What is the text mainly abut?
A．We shuld express gratitude better.
B．We shuld fcus n psitive emtins.
C．Gratitude is gd fr ur emtinal r mental health.
D．Feeling valued can help build strnger relatinships.
11．In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear?
A．Entertainment B．TravelC．HealthD．Educatin
D
In the digital age, we rely n technlgy such as scial media in trying t build interesting and varied lives. Scial netwrking sites like Facebk are designed and prmted t make us believe enthusiastically that they are able t pen up new experiences fr us. There are cnstant ntificatins (通知) and updates, urging us t check-in t find ut what is new.
But if we d nt use the technlgy wisely, we can end up becming verly attached and trapped in a cycle f scial media FOMO, a sign f deeper unhappiness. FOMO, r fear f missing ut, is a fear that exciting r interesting events are happening smewhere else and that we are nt able t jin.
Peple wh experience high levels f FOMO have been fund t be mre likely t give in t urges t write and check text messages while driving, as well as t use Facebk mre ften directly after waking, while ging t sleep and during meals.
When it cmes t lasting happiness, it is best nt t give in t FOMO, but rather t deal with the cycle f desires that fuel it. Hard as it is, we are better ff wrking tward facing the fearful reality that we cannt experience everything we might like than t get caught in a cycle f checking behavirs that nly cause anxiety.
If we have becme used t using scial media as part f ur attempts at living interesting lives, we must admit that it is nt easy t change ur apprach. But change is almst always wrthwhile in the lng run.
The fact that FOMO is s cmmn in ur digital age is a sign that there is smething wrng with the way we are pursuing happiness and that we are nt as happy as we might think we are. It shuld warn us that, in ur eagerness t use digital technlgy t try t make urselves happier, we may unintentinally (无意之中) be bringing n exactly the ppsite result.
12．What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A．The digital age has arrived.
B．Sites give netizens useful experiences.
C．Peple have fallen int mdern technlgy.
D．Scial media are designed t attract public attentin.
13．Which f the fllwing culd be regarded as scial media FOMO?
A．Failing t use Facebk.B．Answering a call during shpping,
C．Reading text messages n reaching ffices.D．Checking Facebk while driving.
14．Why des the authr suggest aviding FOMO?
A．T gain lng-time happiness.B．T speed the cycle f desires.
C．T wrk much better.D．T reduce fearful reality.
15．What can be learned frm the last paragraph?
A．Everybdy has experienced FOMO.
B．Digital technlgy may make us unhappier.
C．Pursuing happiness is a sign f the digital age.
D．Peple may unintentinally get lst in technlgy.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips n saving energy
We all want t save mney, and with the cst f living n the rise in the UK, it’s becme mre imprtant than ever t watch what we spend. ____16____ The il, gas and electricity we use are t pwer and heat ur hmes. That’s why many f us are lking at ways t save energy s we dn’t have t pay fr huge fuel bills.
____17____ T try t achieve this, new hmes in the UK will be banned frm installing new gas and il bilers by 2025. Having a heat pump instead can help save energy, but they’re unaffrdable fr many peple.
There are sme lw-budget slutins yu can turn t t lwer yur energy usage. Warm air escapes ur hmes easily, s adding draught excluders r a twel t blck these gaps will help. ____18____ Switching ff lights is als a gd idea.
But there are lts f ther little things we can d arund the hme that will help save energy, and dn’t cst a frtune. They culd be as gd as installing, fitting r making anything. Put lids n pts and pans when cking—the fd will be ready quicker. ____19____ Dn’t verfill yur kettle when biling water. A cmbinatin f small measures like these culd reduce husehld energy bills by abut 10%.
S, we’re being encuraged t be mre fuel efficient. ____20____ .
A．Use a micrwave t reheat fd rather than the ven.
B．The biggest increase in ur expense at the mment is n energy.
C．Heat pumps and duble glazing can be expensive t install.
D．Overfilling yur kettle when biling water will save energy.
E．Making ur hme mre energy efficient is the bvius way t save mney.
F．Besides, it will be wrth using sme heavy curtains t stp the heat escaping.
G．But ur main aim isn’t just financial but als t reduce ur carbn ftprint, s that ur energy usage desn’t cst the Earth.
第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分75分）
第一节 完形填空 (共40小题；每小题1.5分，满分60分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A man in Tky wh rents himself ut t ther peple “t d nthing” has received many requests (请求)—and nw he’s getting paid fr it.
Shji Mrimt, 37, started ____21____ himself as a persn wh can “eat and drink, and give simple feedback (反馈), but d nthing mre” in June, 20l8.
“I ffer myself fr rent, as a persn wh des ____22____,” Mrimt ____23____ in his first tweet abut this ____24____ service. “Is it difficult fr yu t enter a shp n yur wn? Are yu ____25____ a player n yur team? D yu need smene t keep a place fr yu? I can’t d anything except ____26____ things.”
Since then, he’s received ver 3, 000 request. He riginally ffered his ____27____ fr free, but nw ____28____ 10, 000 yen (rughly $96) just t reduce the number f requests and t ____29____ the time-wasters.
Mrimt says he sees n average three t fur clients (客户) a day. Peple rent him fr a variety f ______30______ but mst are bred and ______31______ and simply want t be listened t.
He ______32______ weddings, accmpanied thse filing fr divrce, and caught butterflies with ______33______ in the park.
“I’m glad I was able t take a walk with smene while keeping a(n) ______34______ distance, where we didn’t have t talk but culd if we wanted t,” ne client ______35______ nline.
One client says she has rented Mrimt n at least 10 ccasins. She asked him t stay beside her when ______36______ a man fr the first time, and als had him ______37______ her talk abut her views n lve, which she did nt feel cmfrtable talking abut t her friends.
Mrimt currently has nearly 268, 000 Twitter fllwers and has quit his full-time publishing jb t “d nthing”. When ______38______ why he thinks s many peple are interested in his services, he said, “I’m nt a ______39______ r an acquaintance (熟人). I’m free f the bthersme things that accmpany relatinships, but can ______40______ peple’s sense f lneliness. Maybe it’s smething like that fr me.”
21．A．praisingB．advertisingC．jkingD．analyzing
22．A．smethingB．everythingC．nthingD．anything
23．A．debatedB．hidC．studiedD．wrte
24．A．specialB．expensiveC．valuableD．ppular
25．A．amusingB．teachingC．missingD．calling
26．A．simpleB．newC．difficultD．unusual
27．A．giftsB．servicesC．signalsD．ntes
28．A．prvidesB．paysC．wesD．charges
29．A．discurageB．measureC．increaseD．inspire
30．A．explanatinsB．reasnsC．discussinsD．questins
31．A．awesmeB．rareC．vitalD．lnely
32．A．gaveB．leftC．attendedD．brke
33．A．brthersB．strangersC．familiesD．fellws
34．A．cmfrtableB．astnishingC．largeD．apparent
35．A．impliedB．insistedC．answeredD．psted
36．A．meetingB．interviewingC．beatingD．attracting
37．A．link withB．rely nC．listen tD．agree with
38．A．reprtedB．askedC．blamedD．suspected
39．A．patientB．wrkerC．studentD．friend
40．A．reduceB．prveC．hpeD．interrupt
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Children are spending an ____41____ (increase) amunt f time indrs. ____42____ (cmpare) t their grandparents wh wuld have spent mst f their free time explring the wrld utside their frnt drs, kids these days are mre likely t ____43____ (find) at hme. Cmputer games, televisin and tablets have replaced stick thrwing, tree climbing and hle building as children spend mre time indrs.
____44____ (thank) t parental fear and a reductin in green spaces, the time ____45____ is spent utdrs tends t be parent-led nwadays. Parent-led play is very ____46____ (difference) frm unstructured play and des nt ffer the same benefits.
Bth ____47____ (be) imprtant fr children’s grwth, but many families are finding less time fr unstructured play. As hmewrk, clubs and grups and screens are cmpeting fr ur kids’ time, unstructured fun is left ut in the cld.
Scientists have even created the term “Nature Deficit Disrder” due t the wealth f health prblems that can develp frm spending t much time indrs.
Unstructured play is just ____48____ imprtant as utdr play fr child ____49____ (develp). It ffers scial, mental and physical benefits, as well as just being _____50_____ fun way t kill time.
第二卷（满分：35分）
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
A prfessr gave a balln t every student, which had t fill it, write their wn name n it and threw it in the hallway. The prfessr then mixed all the balln. The students were giving 5 minutes t get back their wn balln. Despite a busy search fr, n ne fund their wn balln.
At that pint the prfessr tld the students t take first balln that they fund and hand them t the persn whse name was written n it. Within 5 minutes everyne had their wn balln.
The prfessr said t the students, “These ballns are like happy. We will never find it if everyne keep lking fr their wn. But if we care abut ther peple’s, we’ll find urs either.”
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，正在新西兰一所国际中学做交换生，得知学校近期将组织一次当地的文化体验活动。请给负责人写一封询问信咨询相关事宜并申请参加，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.咨询内容：时间、路线、所需准备等。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
_____________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
1．D 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是Citizen Science这个教育课程。
1．推理判断题。根据Time部分的“Interested in studying nature, feeling mre cnnected t yur surrundings, helping the natural envirnment, but nt sure where t start? Jin us n a PwerPint tur thrugh the instructr’s favrite citizen science platfrms that apply t ur regin.(对研究自然感兴趣，感觉与周围的环境更紧密相连，帮助自然环境，但不确定从哪里开始？加入我们的PwerPint之旅，浏览讲师最喜欢的适用于我们地区的公民科学平台。)”可知，当地对大自然感兴趣的人最有可能来上课。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据Suggested items in exchange fr this class部分的“Hmemade preserved fds(自制的保存食物)”可知，参与者可以提供自制番茄酱作为课程的交换，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据Abut the instructr部分的“Kelsey Frey is the manager f educatin and utreach fr Yrk Cunty Parks, part-time envirnmental educatr fr Lancaster Cunty Parks, and runs her wn business, Creative Nature Wrks, in her spare time.(凯尔西·弗雷是Yrk Cunty Parks的教育和推广经理，Lancaster Cunty Parks的兼职环境教育家，并在业余时间经营着自己的企业——Creative Nature Wrks。)”可知，导师是负责Creative Nature Wrks的。故选C。
4．C 5．D 6．B 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者曾经害怕犯社交错误而不跟人来往，后来联系了大学的心理健康服务机构后情况开始变化，作者的自信不断增长，并延续到工作中。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段的“When I fund an advertisement fr a cnference by chance, I culdn’t wait t tell my cwrkers. It lked like a great day f presentatins highly relevant t ur research, and I expected they wuld be eager t attend with me. Hwever, n ne was interested.(当我偶然发现一个会议的广告时，我迫不及待地告诉我的同事。看起来这是一个与我们的研究高度相关的演讲的伟大的一天，我希望他们会渴望和我一起参加。然而，没有人感兴趣。)”可知，对于同事们的反应，作者一开始可能会感到失望，故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Scializing didn’t help, as I cnstantly feared cmmitting scial mistakes. I lnged fr new experiences, but my insecurities prevented me. I started t keep mre and mre t myself. That began t change after a quiet breakdwn in the lab prmpted me t cntact the university’s mental health services.(社交并没有帮助我，因为我总是害怕犯社交错误。我渴望新的体验，但我的不安全感阻止了我。我开始越来越不跟人来往了。在实验室里的一次安静的崩溃促使我联系了大学的心理健康服务机构后，情况开始发生了变化。)”可知，作者联系心理健康服务机构是因为他在新环境中缺乏信心。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段的“S, there I was in the packed cncert hall, surrunded by strangers—all f us clapping and singing the chruses f the familiar sngs.(所以，我在拥挤的音乐厅里，被陌生人包围着——我们所有人都在鼓掌，合唱着熟悉的歌曲。)”可知，音乐会期间作者和陌生的观众一起唱歌。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“S, when that cnference came arund, I felt cmfrtable registering t attend n my wn-and I’m s glad I did.(所以，当那个会议召开的时候，我很乐意自己报名参加——我很高兴我这么做了。)”可知，作者最后一个人去参加了那个会议。故选A。
8．D 9．A 10．C 11．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了表达感激对健康有好处。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段中“There have been many studies, as described in a 2018 paper frm the Greater Gd Science Center titled ‘The Science f Gratitude’, shwing that writing a gratitude letter t anther persn r writing in a gratitude jurnal, if dne regularly, imprves mental health.(正如大善科学中心2018年一篇题为《感恩的科学》的论文所描述的那样，许多研究表明，如果定期给别人写感谢信或写感恩日记，可以改善心理健康)”可知，我们可以通过给别人写感谢信或写感恩日记来改善心理健康。故选D项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“There are studies linking a gratitude practice t better sleep quality, better eating habits, and reduced inflammatin(炎症)in peple wh have had heart prblems.(有研究表明，对有心脏问题的人来说，感恩与更好的睡眠质量、更好的饮食习惯和减少炎症有关)”可知，感恩练习可以提高睡眠质量。故选A项。
10．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Gratitude is a deeper appreciatin fr smene r smething that makes us feel a psitive emtin. And this psitive emtin can be gd fr ur health—ur emtinal and physical health, as well as the health f ur relatinships.(感恩是对某人或某事的更深层次的欣赏，它使我们感到积极的情绪。这种积极的情绪对我们的健康有好处——我们的情绪和身体健康，以及我们的人际关系健康)”可知，本文主要讲的是感恩对我们的情感和心理健康都有好处。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Gratitude is a deeper appreciatin fr smene r smething that makes us feel a psitive emtin. And this psitive emtin can be gd fr ur health—ur emtinal and physical health, as well as the health f ur relatinships.(感恩是对某人或某事的更深层次的欣赏，它使我们感到积极的情绪。这种积极的情绪对我们的健康有好处——我们的情绪和身体健康，以及我们的人际关系健康)”可知，本文主要讲的是感恩对我们的情感和心理健康都有好处。由此推知，可以从报纸的健康板块看到本文。故选C项。
12．D 13．D 14．A 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在数字时代，我们依靠社交媒体等技术来构建有趣多样的生活，这一现象被称为“FOMO”，但事实可能正相反，在我们迫切地使用数字技术试图让自己更快乐的过程中，我们可能无意中带来了恰恰相反的结果，从而让我们不快乐。
12．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scial netwrking sites like Facebk are designed and prmted t make us believe enthusiastically that they are able t pen up new experiences fr us. There are cnstant ntificatins (通知) and updates, urging us t check-in t find ut what is new.(像Facebk这样的社交网站的设计和推广是为了让我们狂热地相信它们能够为我们打开新的体验。这些社交网站上有不断的通知和更新，催促我们打卡，以发现新鲜的事物)”可推知，第一段主要讲，像Facebk这样的社交媒体旨在让我们相信它们能够为我们打开新的体验，从而吸引公众注意。故选D项。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Peple wh experience high levels f FOMO have been fund t be mre likely t give in t urges t write and check text messages while driving, as well as t use Facebk mre ften directly after waking, while ging t sleep and during meals.(研究发现，经历高强度FOMO的人更容易屈服于在开车时收发短信的冲动，也更容易在醒来、睡觉和吃饭时直接使用Facebk)”可知，开车时刷脸书可以视为社交媒体FOMO。故选D项。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段“When it cmes t lasting happiness, it is best nt t give in t FOMO, but rather t deal with the cycle f desires that fuel it.(说到长久的快乐，最好不要向FOMO屈服，而要处理助长它的欲望循环)”和第六段“The fact that FOMO is s cmmn in ur digital age is a sign that there is smething wrng with the way we are pursuing happiness and that we are nt as happy as we might think we are. (事实上，FOMO在我们的数字时代如此普遍，这表明我们追求幸福的方式出了问题，我们并不像我们想象的那样幸福)”可推知，作者建议避免FOMO是因为避免FOMO才能获得长久的快乐。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The fact that FOMO is s cmmn in ur digital age is a sign that there is smething wrng with the way we are pursuing happiness and that we are nt as happy as we might think we are. It shuld warn us that, in ur eagerness t use digital technlgy t try t make urselves happier, we may unintentinally (无意之中) be bringing n exactly the ppsite result.(事实上，FOMO在我们的数字时代如此普遍，这表明我们追求幸福的方式出了问题，我们并不像我们想象的那样幸福。它应该提醒我们，在我们急切地使用数字技术试图让自己更快乐的过程中，我们可能无意中带来了恰恰相反的结果)”可推知，与我们认为的相反，数字技术可能会让我们不快乐。故选B项。
16．B 17．E 18．F 19．A 20．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些节约能源的贴士。
16．根据前文“We all want t save mney, and with the cst f living n the rise in the UK, it’s becme mre imprtant than ever t watch what we spend.（我们都想省钱，随着英国生活成本的上升，关注自己的支出变得比以往任何时候都重要）”以及后文“The il, gas and electricity we use are t pwer and heat ur hmes.（我们使用的石油、天然气和电力为我们的家庭提供动力和取暖）”可知，前句讲英国生活成本上升，后文讲能源的使用，所以空处应该是过渡句，由生活成本过度到能源成本上，所以B项“The biggest increase in ur expense at the mment is n energy.（目前我们开支增加最多的是能源）”符合文意。故选B项。
17．分析设空，可知设空位于段首，是本段的总领句，应该是对本段的高度概括，根据后文“T try t achieve this, new hmes in the UK will be banned frm installing new gas and il bilers by 2025. Having a heat pump instead can help save energy, but they’re unaffrdable fr many peple.（为了实现这一目标，到2025年，英国将禁止新建家庭安装新的燃气和燃油锅炉。用热泵代替可以帮助节省能源，但对许多人来说负担不起）”可知，本段主要讲述的是节约能源，所以E项“Making ur hme mre energy efficient is the bvius way t save mney.（让我们的家更节能是显而易见的省钱方法）”符合文意。故选E项。
18．根据前文“There are sme lw-budget slutins yu can tum t t lwer yur energy usage. Warm air escapes ur hmes easily, s adding draught excluders r a twel t blck these gaps will help.（有一些低预算的解决方案可以帮助你降低能源消耗。温暖的空气很容易从我们的家中逸出，所以添加防通风设备或毛巾堵住这些缝隙会有帮助）”可知，本段主要是在讲述如何避免温暖空气的流逝，所以F项“Besides, it will be wrth using sme heavy curtains t stp the heat escaping.（此外，使用一些厚窗帘，以阻止热量流失将是值得的）”符合文意。故选F项。
19．根据前文“But there are lts f ther little things we can d arund the hme that will help save energy, and dn’t cst a frtune.（但是我们可以在家里做很多其他的小事情来帮助节约能源，而且不花一大笔钱）”可知，本段主要介绍一些小技巧来帮助节约能源，所以A项“Use a micrwave t reheat fd rather than the ven. （用微波炉而不是烤箱来加热食物）”符合本段主题。故选A项。
20．分析设空，可知设空位于文章的最后一句，再根据前文“S, we’re being encuraged t be mre fuel efficient. （因此，我们被鼓励使用更有效的燃料）”可知，最后一段是对本文的总结，所以G项“But ur main aim isn’t just financial but als t reduce ur carbn ftprint, s that ur energy usage desn’t cst the Earth.（但我们的主要目标不只是经济上的，还要减少我们的碳足迹，这样我们的能源使用就不会对地球造成损失）”是对前文的一个总结。故选G项。
21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．B 31．D 32．C
33．B 34．A 35．D 36．A 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了来自日本东京的Shji Mrimt在网络上推出了出租自己的服务，收到了很多需求订单。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：37岁的Shji Mrimt在2018年6月开始宣传自己是一个“能吃喝，能给出简单反馈，但什么也不做”的人。A. praising称赞；B. advertising做广告；宣传；C. jking开玩笑；D. analyzing分析。根据文章首句“A man in Tky wh rents himself ut t ther peple “t d nthing” has received many requests (请求)—and nw he’s getting paid fr it.”可知，Shji Mrimt将自己租出去，因此他在做广告宣传自己。故选B。
22．考查代词词义辨析。句意：我把自己租出去，什么也不干。A. smething某事；某物；B. everything所有事物；C. nthing没有什么；D. anything任何事物。根据前文“t d nthing”的提示可知，他把自己租出去，什么也不做。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mrimt在他的第一条推文中写下了这项特别服务。A. debated辩论；B. hid隐藏；C. studied学习；D. wrte写。根据“I ffer myself fr rent, as a persn wh des ____2____,”并结合Tweet是指发表在社交媒体上的文字，由此可知他在社交媒体上写了这些话。故选D。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mrimt在他的第一条推文中写下了这项特别服务。A. special特别的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. valuable有价值的；D. ppular受欢迎的。根据前文“I ffer myself fr rent, as a persn wh des ____2____,”可知，Shji Mrimt出租自己，但什么也不做可知，这是一项特别的服务。故选A。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你的队伍缺少一名成员吗？A. amusing使娱乐；B. teaching教学；C. missing缺少；D. calling召唤。根据““I ffer myself fr rent, as a persn wh des ____2____,” Mrimt ____3____ in his first tweet abut this ____4____ service.”可知，Mrimt是想将自己出租出去，所以他在广告中询问是否需要人陪买东西，队伍里是否缺成员。故选C。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了简单的事情，我什么都不会做。A. simple简单的；B. new新的；C. difficult困难的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据后文“Peple rent him fr a variety f ____10____ but mst are bred and ____11____ and simply want t be listened t.”的提示及前文列举的事情可知，这些都是简单的事情。故选A。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最初他提供免费服务，但现在收取1万日元（约合96美元）的费用，只是为了减少需求数量，避免浪费时间。A. gifts礼物；B. services服务；C. signals信号；D. ntes记录。根据前文““I ffer myself fr rent, as a persn wh des ____2____,” Mrimt ____3____ in his first tweet abut this ____4____ service.”可知Mrimt在推特上发广告把自己租住去，提供一些特别的服务。故选B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最初他提供免费服务，但现在收取1万日元（约合96美元）的费用，只是为了减少需求数量，避免浪费时间。A. prvides提供；B. pays支付；C. wes欠；D. charges收费。根据后面的货币信息“10,000 yen (rughly $ 96) ”可知，Mrimt由最初的免费变成了收费。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最初他提供免费服务，但现在收取1万日元（约合96美元）的费用，只是为了减少需求数量，避免浪费时间。A. discurage阻碍；B. measure估量；C. increase增加；D. inspire鼓舞。根据后文的并列成分“t discurage the time-wasters”及前文提到的大量订单需求可以合理推知，Mrimt收费是为了减少需求。故选A。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们出于各种原因租了他，但大多数人都是因为感到无聊和孤独，只想被倾听。A. explanatins解释；B. reasns原因；C. discussins讨论；D. questins问题。根据后文“and simply want t be listened t.”可知，这是人们租用Mrimt的原因之一。故选B。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们出于各种原因租了他，但大多数人都是因为感到无聊和孤独，只想被倾听。A. awesme极好的；B. rare稀有的；D. vital至关重要的；D. lnely孤独的。根据后文“and simply want t be listened t.”可推知，之所以想找人倾诉是因为孤独。故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他参加婚礼，陪伴那些提出离婚的人，还和陌生人在公园里捉蝴蝶。A. gave给；B. left离开；C. attended参与；D. brke破坏。根据“ weddings”和Mrimt出租自己的性质可知，他参加别人的婚礼。故选C。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他参加婚礼，陪伴那些提出离婚的人，还和陌生人在公园里捉蝴蝶。A. brthers兄弟；B. strangers陌生人；C. families家人；D. fellws同伴。根据前文““I ffer myself fr rent, as a persn wh des ____2____,” Mrimt ____3____ in his first tweet abut this ____4____ service.”可知，Mrimt在网上发布租赁信息，他收到的需求订单应该是来自陌生人的。故选B。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我很高兴能和别人一起散步，同时保持一段舒适的距离，我们不必交谈，但如果想的话也可以说。”一位客户在网上发帖说。A. cmfrtable舒适的；B. astnishing难以置信的；C. large大的；D. apparent显然的。根据后文“where we didn’t have t talk but culd if we wanted t,”可知，不想说话就不说，想说就说几句，这样的社交距离是很舒适的。故选A。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我很高兴能和别人一起散步，同时保持一段舒适的距离，我们不必交谈，但如果想的话也可以说。”一位客户在网上发帖说。A. implied暗示；B. insisted坚称；C. answered回答；D. psted发布。根据“nline”可知，这些话是发布在网络上的。故选D。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她第一次与某位男士见面时，她请他（Mrimt）待在她身边，还让他听她谈论自己对爱情的看法，她不愿意和朋友们谈论这些。A. meeting见面；B. interviewing面试；C. beating打败；D. attracting吸引。根据“a man fr the first time,”可推知，是第一次见某位男士。故选A。
37．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她第一次与某位男士见面时，她请他（Mrimt）待在她身边，还让他听她谈论自己对爱情的看法，她不愿意和朋友们谈论这些。A. link with联系；B. rely n依靠；C. listen t倾听；D. agree with赞同。根据“her talk abut her views n lve,”可知，她在分享自己关于爱情的观点，让Mrimt来听。故选C。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及为什么这么多人对他的服务感兴趣时，他说：“我不是朋友或熟人。我摆脱了陪伴感情的烦恼，却能减少人们的孤独感。”A. reprted报道；B. asked询问；C. blamed指责；D. suspected怀疑。根据“why he thinks s many peple are interested in his services,”可知，这里在询问他为什么有这么多人感兴趣。故选B。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被问及为什么这么多人对他的服务感兴趣时，他说：“我不是朋友或熟人。我摆脱了陪伴感情的烦恼，却能减少人们的孤独感。”A. patient病人；B. wrker工人；C. student学生；D. friend朋友。根据“r an acquaintance (熟人).”及前文可知，Mrimt是作为陌生人服务别人的，所以不是朋友。故选D。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及为什么这么多人对他的服务感兴趣时，他说：“我不是朋友或熟人。我摆脱了陪伴感情的烦恼，却能减少人们的孤独感。”A. reduce减少；B. prve证明；C. hpe希望；D. interrupt打断。根据前文人们因为无聊和孤独，想找人倾听而租用了Mrimt可知，他的服务可以减轻人们的孤独感。故选A。
41．increasing 42．Cmpared 43．be fund 44．Thanks
45．that/which 46．different 47．are 48．as 49．develpment 50．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在孩子在户外玩耍的时间越来越少，但是户外玩耍对孩子来说是有好处的，无论是父母带着孩子在外面玩或者让孩子自己自由地玩耍都对孩子的成长有好处。
41．考查形容词。句意：孩子们呆在室内的时间越来越长。空处作定语，修饰名词amunt(数量)，应用形容词increasing，表示“不断增加的”。故填increasing。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的祖父母把大部分空闲时间都花在探索户外世界，与他们相比，现在你更有可能发现孩子们呆在家里。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词做状语，动词cmpare(比较)的逻辑主语是主句主语kids(孩子们)，且二者之间构成被动关系，所以此处应用cmpare的过去分词形式cmpared，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Cmpared。
43．考查语态。句意：我们的祖父母把大部分空闲时间都花在探索户外世界，与他们相比，现在你更有可能发现孩子们呆在家里。be likely t d sth.是固定搭配，表示“有可能做某事”，且此处动词find(发现)与主语kids之间为被动关系，由前面的不定式符号t可知，此处应用be fund。故填be fund。
44．考查固定搭配。句意：由于父母的担心和绿色空间的减少，现在往往是父母带着孩子在户外玩。thanks t是固定搭配，表示“多亏、由于”，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Thanks。
45．考查定语从句。句意：由于父母的担心和绿色空间的减少，现在往往是父母带着孩子在户外玩。分析句子结构可知，这里是限定性定语从句，先行词是time(时间)，指物，在定语从句中做主语，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。
46．考查形容词。句意：父母带着孩子玩耍和孩子自由地玩耍有很大的不同，且这两种玩耍也无法带来同样的好处。be different frm是固定搭配，表示“与……不同”。故填different。
47．考查时态与主谓一致。句意：两者对孩子的成长都很重要，但许多家庭发现孩子自由玩耍的时间减少了。句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，句子的主语是Bth(二者)，是复数，所以谓语动词应用are。故填are。
48．考查固定搭配。句意：对孩子的成长来说，无拘无束的玩耍和户外玩耍一样重要。as＋形容词＋as，是固定搭配，表示“和……一样”。故填as。
49．考查名词。句意：对孩子的成长来说，无拘无束的玩耍和户外玩耍一样重要。根据介词fr可知，空处应用名词作宾语，develp为动词，名词为develpment，意为“发展”，且develpment为不可数名词。故填develpment。
50．考查冠词。句意：它带来了社交，精神和身体上的好处，同时也是消磨时间的有趣方式。句中way是名词，表示“方式”，是可数名词，此处表示“一种有趣的方式”，是单数，所以用不定冠词，且fun(有趣的)发音不是以元音音素开头，应用a而非an。故填a。
51．1. which →wh
2. threw →thrw
3. balln →ballns
4. giving →given
5. 删除fr
6. take后加the
7. them →it
8. happy →happiness
9. keep →keeps
10.either→t
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章讲述了一个教授通过两个活动，让学生在一地气球中找到写有自己名字的气球，和拿到第一个气球就直接交给气球上的名字的人，进行了“如何寻找到自己的幸福”的人生启迪。
【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：一位教授给每个学生发了一个气球，让他们把气球充满气，在上面写上自己的名字，然后把气球扔到走廊上。根据句子结构可知，every student为先行词，先行词为人，作非限定性定语从句的主语，只能用wh。故将which改为wh。
2.考查动词。句意：一位教授给每个学生发了一个气球，让他们把气球充满气，在上面写上自己的名字，然后把气球扔到走廊上。根据句子结构，定语从句中谓语had t后接三个并列的动词，用动词原形，have t d。故将threw改为thrw。
3.考查名词复数。句意：然后教授把所有的气球混在一起。balln为可数名词，根据all作前置定语，名词用复数形式。故将balln改为ballns。
4.考查语态。句意：学生们被给5分钟的时间拿回自己的气球。句子谓语give与主语The students之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故将giving改为given。
5.考查介词。句意：尽管忙着寻找，但没有一个人找到自己的气球。根据句子结构，despite是介词，后接名词a search，search后没有后置定语，不必加介词。故删去fr。
6.考查序数词。句意：这时，教授告诉学生们，拿着他们找到的第一个气球，把它交给气球上有写有名字的那个人。序数词first修饰名词balln，序数词前应加定冠词the，特指“第一个气球”。故在first前加the。
7.考查代词。句意：这时，教授告诉学生们，拿着他们找到的第一个气球，把它交给气球上有写有名字的那个人。根据句意可知，前面提到the first balln，为单数形式，所以这里，把第一个气球交给气球上有写他的名字的那个人，这个气球用it来替代。故将them改为it。
8.考查名词。句意：这些气球就像幸福。根据句子结构，are为系动词，后跟介词短语，作表语。介词like后应用名词。故将happy改为happiness。
9.考查主谓一致。句意：如果每个人都在寻找自己的幸福，我们永远也找不到它。根据句子结构，主句将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时。从句中主语everyne为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故将keep改为keeps。
10.考查副词。句意：但如果我们在乎别人的（幸福），我们也会找到自己的（幸福）。此处需用副词“也”，句子为肯定的陈述句，应用t。故将either改为t。
52．范文
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, an exchange student frm China. Having learnt that a taste f lcal culture will be held by ur schl in the near future, I’m writing t apply fr a chance t jin in it and ask fr sme details.
First, I want t knw when we will set ut and where t get tgether, in case I might be late. Besides, wuld yu please tell me the rute that we will take. I have heard that there are many places f interest in New Zealand. S I want t enjy as many as pssible. What’s the mst imprtant is the fact whether I shuld take sme fd and drink.
I will appreciate it if I will be given the chance. Lking frward t hearing frm yu sn.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校当地的文化体验活动负责人写一封询问信，咨询相关事宜并申请参加。
【详解】1.词汇积累
了解：learn→knw
机会：chance→pprtunity
加入：jin in→take part in
出发：set ut→set ff
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m Li Hua, an exchange student frm China.
拓展句：I’m Li Hua, wh is an exchange student frm China.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Having learnt that a taste f lcal culture will be held by ur schl in the near future, I’m writing t apply fr a chance t jin in it and ask fr sme details.（由that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】First, I want t knw when we will set ut and where t get tgether, in case I might be late.（由when引导的宾语从句和in case引导的目的状语从句）
【高分句型3】Besides, wuld yu please tell me the rute that we will take.（由that引导的定语从句）
【高分句型4】I have heard that there are many places f interest in New Zealand.（由that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型5】What’s the mst imprtant is the fact whether I shuld take sme fd and drink.（由what引导的主语从句和whether引导的同位语从句）
【高分句型6】I will appreciate it if I will be given the chance.（由if引导的条件状语从句）