医护英语上册Unit 2 Illness and Health优秀学案

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Reading B Cmmn Cld
Think ver while reading
1. Hw lng will the virus cld last? Hw abut the bacterial cld?
2. What may be intervening vehicles? Why?
3. Hw d yu prevent the cld? What’s the gd way t treat cld?
Reading
A cld is an infectin by a virus, ften immediately fllwed by infectin by germs. When the latter ccurs, the previusly watery secretin becmes thick and whitish r yellwish. The virus cld lasts frm ne t three days, but a bacterial cld ften lasts tw weeks r mre.
Clds are transmitted frm persn t persn, largely by drplets given ff frm the nse and muth in sneezing and cughing. Cntaminated hands and bjects may be intervening vehicles. Althugh a cld in itself is nt serius, many f its cmplicatins are. The infectin may invlve the eyes, sinuses, r any part f the respiratry tract, the ears, and even remte parts f the bdy. Furthermre, existing infectin in the bdy, r ther illness, may becme wrse. Pneumnia is the mst cmmn serius sequel f clds.
Many peple believe that gd general health affrds a certain amunt f prtectin. Predispsing factrs appear t be ver fatigue and chilling, especially at time when clds are prevalent. Lcal predispsing factrs are: an unhealthy cnditin f the mucus membrane f the nse and thrat; chrnic sinus infectin; and certain atmspheric cnditins (ht, dry air; cld, damp air; r a sudden drp in temperature).
Preventin f clds is by raising general resistance t infectin and, by aviding clse cntact with individuals having clds, especially in the first stage.
Treatment f a cld is chiefly bed rest. One day in bed may suffice if ne ges t bed at the first symptm, which usually is chilly feelings and dry irritated feeling in the nse and tnsil. Three days in bed may suffice if ne ges t bed when the watery nasal secretin becmes prfuse and the temperature is raised. Hwever, ne wh feels ill and has symptms after ne day r three days shuld nt get up, fr the danger f pneumnia is greatest n the third and furth day. Staying in bed helps cure a cld; it can keep energy, and it makes regulatin f bdy temperature easier, s as t avid chilling and its cnsequences. (Of curse it has the added advantage f keeping the individual away frm grups thrugh which he might spread his infectin.)
As fr self-treatment f clds, it is desirable t take a warm bath and a warm drink befre ging t bed. What a dctr shuld ntice are: (a) if temperature remains abut 37.5°C; (b) if the thrat r chest is at all sre; (c) if there is cugh; (d) if there is “stuffiness” r pain in the ears r hearing is impaired; (e) if the tnsil enlarge; r (f) if any ther new symptms appear.
Ntes
1. Clds are transmitted frm persn t persn, largely by drplets given ff frm the nse and muth in sneezing and cughing.
感冒是通过人与人之间的传播引起的。主要是通过打喷嚏和咳嗽从鼻腔和口腔经过飞沫传播。are transmitted 是被动语态，clds是动作的承受者。例如：
I was deeply mved by his kindness.
我被他的善良深深地感动了。
2. Predispsing factrs appear t be ver fatigue and chilling, especially at times when clds are prevalent.
使身体得病的原因大多数是因为过度疲劳和寒冷，尤其是在感冒流行时期。
ver：过度，类似的表达法有ver time（超时）；ver weight（超重）。例如：
I was drpping with ver fatigue and culdn’t keep my eyes pen.
我由于过度疲劳，身体要支撑不住了，眼睛也睁不开了。
3. Hwever, ne wh feels ill and has symptms after ne day r three days shuld nt get up, fr the danger f pneumnia is greatest n the third and furth day.
但是如果一个病人在休息一天或三天后仍有那些症状，就不应该起床，原因是为了避免在第三和第四天出现肺炎。
… wh feels ill and … 是定语从句修饰先行词ne。例如：
The persn wh is standing there is a dentist.
站在那边的先生是一位牙科医生。
4. …; (a) if temperature remains arund 37.5°C; …
(a) 体温是否是保持在37.5°C左右；……。
37.5°C：thirty-seven degrees centigrade。
degree [] n. 度，度数；centigrade [] adj. 摄氏度 例如：
He is running a fever. His temperature is 38.3°C.
他在发烧，体温是38.3°C。
New Wrds and Expressins
Summing-up
1. The virus cld lasts frm ne t three days, but a bacterial cld ften lasts tw weeks r mre.
2. Cntaminated hands and bjects may be intervening vehicles. A cld is an infectin by a virus，which is transmitted by persn’s drplets given ff frm the nse and muth in sneezing and cughing. When yur hands tuch the subject which was infected, the hands will be the intervening vehicles.
3. Preventin f clds is by raising general resistance t infectin, treatment f a cld is chiefly bed rest. As fr self-treatment f clds, it is desirable t take a warm bath and a warm drink befre ging t bed.
Cre Skills and Practice
I. Chse the best answer.
1. What may be the intervening vehicles?
A. animals
B. persn’s cntaminated hands and bjects
C. plants
D. all abve
2. Where may the infectin invlve when peple gt a cld?
A.eyes and sinuses
B.any part f the respiratry tract
C.the ears and even remte parts f the bdy
D.all abve
3. One day in bed may suffice if ne ges t bed at the first symptm, which usually is ________.
A. chilly feelings
B. dry irritated feeling in the nse and behind the sft palate.
C. temperature is raised
D. bth A and B
4. Staying in bed helps cure a cld, why? ________.
A. It can relax peple
B. It can avid crss-infectin
C. It keeps energy expenditure at a minimum
D. bth B and C
5. A dctr shuld ntice ________.
A. if temperature remains 37.5°C
B. if the thrat r chest is at all sre and if there is cugh
C. if there is “stuffiness” r pain in the ears r hearing is impaired and if the tnsil enlarge; r if any ther new symptms appear
D. A, B and C
= 2 \* ROMAN II. Read the text again and decide whether the statements are true (T) r false (F).
1. When the virus cld ccurs, the previusly watery secretin becmes thick and whitish r yellwish
2. The bacterial sequel lasts frm ne t three days.
3. Clds are transmitted frm persn t persn
4. High bld pressure is the mst cmmn serius sequel f clds.
5. Three days in bed may suffice if ne ges t bed when the watery nasal secretin becmes prfuse and the temperature is raised.
III. Translate the fllwing int Chinese.
1. Althugh a cld in itself is nt serius, many f its cmplicatins are.
2. Many peple believe that gd general health affrds a certain amunt f prtectin.
3. Preventin f clds is by raising general resistance t infectin and, by aviding clse cntact with individuals having clds, especially in the first stage.
4. Hwever, ne wh feels ill and has symptms after ne day r three days shuld nt get up, fr the danger f pneumnia is greatest n the third and furth day.
5. A dctr shuld ntice: (a) if temperature remains 37.5°C; (b)if the thrat r chest is at all sre;(c) if there is cugh; (d) if there is “stuffiness” r pain in the ears r hearing is impaired; (e) if the tnsil enlarge; r (f) if any ther new symptms appear.
Warm-up
1. What d yu knw abut the cmmn cld?
2. What symptms d yu have when yu catch a cld?
3. Hw d yu deal with the cmmn cld?