高中英语选择性必修四 2019人教版新教材全册课文与翻译


UNIT ONE SCIENCE FICTION
Today’s science fiction is tomorrow’s science fact. ----Isaac Asimov
今天的科幻小说即明天的科学现实。

Reading and Thinking
SATISFACTION GUARANTEED
包你满意

Larry Belmont worked for a company that made robots. Recently it had begun experimenting with a household robot. It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife. Claire.
拉里・贝尔蒙特在一家机器人制造公司工作。该公司最近开始试验家用机器人。机器人将由拉里的妻子克菜尔进行试用。

Claire didn't want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be away on a business trip for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed. It would be a bonus. However when she first saw the robot, she felt alarmed. His name was Tony. He seemed more like a human than a machine. He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice, although his facial expression never changed.
克菜尔并不想家里有个机器人，尤其是在她丈夫要出差三周的时候，但是拉里劝她说机器人不会伤害她，也不会让她受到伤害。还会是个意外收获。然而，第一次看到机器人时，克莱尔还是有点惊慌。这个机器人名叫托尼，看着不太像机器，而更像个真人。托尼高大英俊，头发顺滑，嗓音低沉，不过他的面部表情始终不变。

On the second morning. Tony brought her breakfast and then asked her whether she needed help dressing. She felt embarrassed and quickly told him to go. Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human, and it was disturbing.
第二天早晨，托尼给克菜尔端来了早餐，还问她是否需要帮忙穿衣打扮。克莱尔感到非常尴尬，立刻让托尼走开。现在，她正由一个看起来这么像人类的机器人照料着，这很令人不安。

One day, Claire mentioned that she didn’t think she was clever. Tony said that she must feel very unhappy to say that. Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot, but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him. He always treated her with dignity. She told him how she was unhappy that her home wasn't elegant enough for Larry, who wanted to improve his social position with a bigger salary. She wasn’t like Gladys Claffern, one of the richest and most powerful women around.
有一天，克菜尔说她觉得自己并不聪明。托尼说她肯定是感到很不开心才会这么说。克菜尔觉得一个机器人对她表示同情十分荒谬，但她逐渐欣赏托尼的智慧和正直，并且开始信任他。托尼对她彬彬有礼。克菜尔告诉托尼自己多么的不开心，因为拉里觉得家里不够雅致;拉里想通过涨工资来提高自己的社会地位。克菜尔与格拉迪丝・克拉芬不同，后者是当地最有钱有势的女性之一。

As a favour, Tony promised to help Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant. So Claire borrowed some library books for him to read, or rather, scan. She looked at his fingers with wonder as they turned each page. How absurd. she thought. He was just a machine.
作为一项恩惠，托尼答应帮助克菜尔，把她变得更漂亮些，也把她的家变得更雅致些。于是，克菜尔从图书馆借来了一些书让托尼阋读，应该说是让他扫视。她惊奇地看着托尼的手指翻动书页的样子，心想这太荒唐了。他只不过是一台机器罢了。

Tony gave Claire a new hairstyle and improved her makeup. As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, he wrote out a list of things that he would need for his work on the house. Claire went downtown and bought these things. She had an appointment to paint her nails, then she went into an expensive clothes shop. The saleswoman there was rude to her, so she rang Tony and told him she was being treated badly. He spoke to the woman, who immediately changed her attitude. Claire thanked Tony, telling him that he was a dear As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. How awful to be discovered by her, Claire thought. By the look on her face, Claire knew that Gladys thought they were in a relationship. After all, she knew Claires husband's name was Larry, not Tony. Although it was completely innocent, Claire felt guilty.
托尼给克菜尔做了一个新发型，还改善了她的妆容。但是，由于托尼被禁止陪同克菜尔去商店，所以他开具了一张装修房子所需材料的清单。克菜尔去市中心购买了这些东西。她按预约去美甲后，走进了一家高档时装店。女店员对她很粗鲁，于是她打电话给托尼，告诉他说自己受到了不礼貌的对待。托尼同店员交谈之后，店员立刻改变了态度。克尔向托尼道谢，称托尼为“亲爱的”。当她转过身来，却看到格拉迪丝・克拉芬正站在那里。被她发现了，这多么难堪啊，克莱尔心想。从她脸上的表情判断，克菜尔知道格拉迪丝认为自己出轨了。毕竟她知道克菜尔丈夫的名字是拉里，而不是托尼。虽然完全无事，克莱尔还是感到内疚。


When Claire got home, she wept. Gladys was everything Claire wished to be. Tony told her she was being sensitive and was just as good as Cladys. He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return. By that time, Tony expected that the house, which was being completely transformed, would be ready.
到家后，克菜尔啜泣不止。格拉迪丝是她竭力模仿的对象。托尼对克菜尔说，她这样想有点敏感，其实她像格拉迪丝一样优秀。托尼还建议在他离开，也就是拉里回家的前一天晚上，克菜尔邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友们到家里来。到那个时候，托尼预计这栋正在彻底改造的房子将大功告成。

Tony worked steadily on the improvements Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended from the ceiling, but she fell off the ladder. Even though Tony had been in the next room, he managed to catch her in time. As he held her, she felt the warmth of his body. She screamed, pushed him away, and ran to her room.
托尼的装修工作稳步进展。莱尔试图帮忙安装天花板上的吊灯，但从梯子上摔了下来。尽管托尼当时在隔壁房间，但他还是及时接住了她。托尼抱着她的时候，她感受到了他身体的热度。她尖叫了一声，一把推开他，然后跑回了自己的房间。

The night of the party arrived. The clock struck eight. The guests would be arriving soon, so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night. At that moment Tony took her in his arms, bringing his face close to hers. She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her. Then the front door bell rang.
聚会之夜到了。时钟敲响了八点整，客人们很快就要来了，于是克菜尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作，说当夜不再需要他了。就在那一瞬间，托尼将她揽入怀中，慢慢地贴近她的脸庞。克莱尔听着托尼宣布说他次日并不想离开她，而且他心里的愿望不只是让她开心而己。就在这时，前门的门铃响

Using Language
THE TIME MACHINE(Adapted)
时间机器(改编)

It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career. I gave it a last check, and sat myself in the leather seat. I pushed the starting lever on the main panel forwards an inch then immediately backwards again. Looking around, I saw my laboratory exactly as before. Had anything happened I thought my mind had tricked me. Then I saw the clock. A moment before, it was a minute or so past ten; now it was nearly half past three!
上午十点，所有时间机器中的第一台启动了共运转之旅。我最后检査了一遍机器，然后坐在皮椅上。我把主面板上的启动杆往前推了一英寸，然后又立刻向后拉。环顾四周，我看到实验室与以前一模样。发生什么事了吗?我以为我的大脑欺骗了我。然后我看了下时钟。片刻之前，大概是十点零一分，而现在已经快三点半了!

I drew a breath, gripped the lever and pushed it forwards. The laboratory went hazy around me. My niece came in to fetch something, maybe her handkerchief, apparently without seeing me. It probably took her a minute, but to me she moved like a rocket! I pushed the lever further. Night came as if a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day Tomorrow night came, then skipped to day, again and again, faster and faster still.
我吸了一口气，一把抓住操纵，往前推了一下。实验室在我身边变得模糊不清。我的侄女进来拿东西，也许是拿她的手帕，但她显然没看见我。她大约花了一分钟时间，但在我看来，她的动作快如火箭!我把操纵杆再往前推了下。夜幕降临了，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，转眼间，白昼就来临了。第二天夜晚降临，接着又跃进到白天。如此反复，越来越快。

It is hard to explain the strange and unpleasant feeling of time travelling. It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road. As my pace grew faster, the walls of the laboratory fell away, and I was left in the open air. The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky, but soon there was division between night and day. Around me I saw trees growing like puffs of smoke; they grew, spread, and died in moments. I saw huge buildings rise up then disappear like in a dream. The whole surface of the earth was being changed, melting and flowing before my eyes. I calculated that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute.
时间旅行带来的陌生感和不适感是难以解释的。我感到我好像坐在一部汽车里，飞驰在蜿蜒的道路上。我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁随之坍塌，我置身野外。太阳和月亮看起来似乎正被抛向天空，但是很快就有了昼夜之分。环顾四周，我看到树木似青烟升起，不断生长，变得枝繁叶茂，片刻之后枯亡。我看到大楼拔地而起，继而消逝，犹如梦中。地球的整个表面都在变化，在我的眼前熔化、流动。我估算我一分钟要穿越数百年的时间。

I had a strange urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes! I had thought about the risk of stopping the Time Machine many times. So long as I travelled at maximum speed, it didn’t matter. But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else, we would be forced together and explode like a bomb! Like an impatient fool, I pulled the lever backwards hard. With a sudden jolt, the Time Machine was flipped on its side, and I was thrown through the air.
我有一种强烈的欲望，想看看眼前那些随机闪现的东西!我已多次考虑过停下时间机器的风险。只要我以最高的速度前进，就不会有什么问题。但是，如果我停下来，同一空间被别的东西占据，我们就会被挤在一起，然后像炸弹一样爆炸!我就像个失去耐心的傻瓜，使劲向后拉了下操纵杆。突然一震，时间机器侧翻了，我被抛向了空中。

I was stunned for a moment, and then heard the sound of thunder. I was sitting in the rain in some mud next to the machine. A fine welcome. I said. for a man who has travelled thousands of years to be here.
我一时惊呆了，然后听到雷声。我坐在雨中的一堆烂泥上，时间机器躺在旁。“对一个穿越了数千年才来到这里的人来说，这欢迎真是别开生面!”我说道。

Reading and Writing

JOURNEY TO THE CENTRE OF THE EARTH

At first I could hardly see anything. After so long descending deep into the earth through dark, narrow caves, my eyes were not used to the light. But when I could focus again, I stood amazed.
起初我几乎什么都看不见。在黑暗狭窄的山洞中深入地底这么久，我的眼睛已经不适应光线了。但当我能再次聚焦时，我惊讶地站在那里。

"It's a sea!"I cried "是海！"我大叫道。

"Yes, " my uncle replied, " and I shall give it my name, as it was discovered by me.
是的，我的叔叔回答说："我将用我的名字给它命名，因为它是我发现的。"

A vast lake or even an ocean, spread far beyond where the eye could see. The shore was lined with shining sand, and was being softly lapped by waves. It was covered with small shells which were once inhabited by the first living beings. Around this sea stood a huge rock wall that was being worn away by the endless action of the waves.
视力所及是一片辽阔的湖泊甚至是海洋。岸边是闪亮的沙子，被波浪轻轻拍打着。上面布满了小贝壳，这些贝壳曾经是第一批生物居住的地方。在这片海的周围，矗立着一堵巨大的岩壁，正被无尽的海浪作用所磨灭。

I could see far over this great sea because it was being lit up by a strange light. Not sunlight, of course, as we were deep below the surface. No with its bright, clear whiteness, the light must have been electric. Under the "sky", if it could be called so, being made of rock, were also vast clouds. They were being illuminated by this light, but the light gave no heat, so the place felt rather gloomy. Here we were, shut up inside a cave of a size that could not be estimated. It must have been several miles high.
我可以远远地看到这片大海，因为它正被一种奇怪的光照亮。当然，不是阳光，因为我们在海面之下的深处。不，以其明亮、清晰的白色，那光一定是电光。在 "天空 "之下，如果可以这样称呼的话，因为它是由岩石构成的，也是巨大的云层。它们被这道光照亮了，但这道光并不给人以热量，所以这个地方感觉相当阴暗。我们在这里，被关在一个无法估计大小的山洞里面。它一定有几英里高。

Human words cannot describe the discoveries of those who have been deep into the earth. My imagination was powerless before such wonders. felt like I was on some distant planet, and was both amazed and rather scared. However, I was energised by the breezy salty air supplying more oxygen to my lungs. After many days in much narrower spaces, it was a great relief.
人类的语言无法描述那些深入地底的人的发现。我的想象力在这样的奇观面前无能为力.感觉自己好像是在某个遥远的星球上，既惊奇又相当害怕。然而，微风咸湿的空气给我的肺部提供了更多的氧气，使我精力充沛。在狭窄得多的空间里呆了许多天之后，这真是一种极大的安慰。

"Ready to walk a little now? " asked my uncle. "现在准备好走一走了吗？"我叔叔问道。

" Yes, certainly" " 是的，当然

"Well, let us follow the shore then, " he said, and we began to explore.
他说："那我们就沿着海岸走吧。"我们开始探索。

Soon in front of us appeared a tall, dense forest, composed of trees formed like umbrellas. "Mushrooms! "said my uncle. And he was right! There were mushrooms in their thousands, and each at least thirty feet high.
很快，在我们面前出现了一片高大的密林，由像伞一样的树木组成。"蘑菇！"我叔叔说。"我叔叔说。他说的没错! 那里有成千上万的蘑菇，每一个至少有三十英尺高。

"Wonderful! " cried my uncle. " A botanist never had such a feast as this! Now look under your feet. "
"太棒了！"我叔叔喊道。"我叔叔喊道。"一个植物学家从来没有过这样的盛宴！现在看看你的脚下 "

"Oh yes! " I exclaimed "哦，是的! "我惊呼道。

I hadn't noticed the many bones, which were being crushed under our feet as we walked. Suddenly I thought, if once these monsters lived here, might some still roam through these gloomy forests? I anxiously surveyed the landscape, but we were the only living creatures in this subterranean world. Thankfully.
我没有注意到很多骨头，在我们行走的过程中，这些骨头正在被压在我们的脚下。我忽然想到，如果曾经这些怪物生活在这里，会不会还有一些怪物在这些阴森的森林里游荡？我焦急地打量着这里的景象，但我们是这个地下世界唯一的活物。谢天谢地。

Eventually we returned to the cave we had entered from, and I fell asleep with strange thoughts. Where did this underground sea end? Where did it lead to?
最终，我们回到了从这里进入的山洞，我带着奇怪的想法睡着了。这片地下海的尽头是哪里？它又通向哪里？

UNIT TWO ICONIC ATTACTIONS

Whatever makes an impression on the heart seems lovely in the eye. ----Saadi
任何给心灵留下深刻印象的东西，在人们眼里似乎都是可爱的。

Reading and Thinking Experience the iconic features of Australia

25 Sep
9月25
Next week I’m travelling to Australia to visit a friend there over the school holidays. I plan to keep this blog to record my experiences and what I learn. I have already done some research on the country. Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it's often informally referred to as down under
趁学校放假，我打算下周去澳大利亚看望那里的一位朋友。我计划用这个博客记录我的所见所闻。我对澳大利亚做了一番研究。它位于赤道以南，在地球上许多其他国家的下方，常被俗称为“ down under”

I have also read about some iconic sites, such as the Sydney Opera House and the Great Ocean Road, and animals like the cute koalas and kangaroos. I can’t wait to see all of them! However, as I major in social studies, I’m more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture, food and way of life.
我也看了一些标志性景点的介绍，比如悉尼歌刷院和大洋路，还有可爱的考拉和袋鼠等动物的资料。我迫不及待想见到所有这一切!不过，因为我主修社会研究，所以我对结识澳大利亚人并体验他们的文化、饮食和生活方式更感兴趣。

1Oct

10月1
I'm here in Sydney Since I arrived, my friend has brought me to my first open-air barbecue and has also shared many different but yummy meals with me, so my first impressions of Australia have been all about food! A lot of typical Australian food, such as the Sunday roast, is originally British. Bakeries, fast-food joints, butcher shops, cafes, and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world. The influence of Asian cultures on the other hand, led to the introduction of bean curd and Asian herbs, along with Australian versions of foods like the Chinese-inspired dim sim.
我在悉尼啦!自我来这儿之后，朋友就带着我去吃了这辈子第一次的露天烧烤，还和我分享了许多风格各异的美味佳肴，所以我对澳大利亚的第一印象就是美食!很多澳大利亚的特色美食都源自英国，比如星期日烤肉。随处可见的面包店、快餐连锁店、肉店、咖啡馆和餐馆提供世界顶级的美食体验。另一方面，在亚洲文化的影响下，除了灵感源自中国的点心等澳大利亚版的食物以外，还引入了豆腐和亚洲药草。
3Oct
10月3号

My friend and I have arrived in Katherine, a town in Australia’s Northern Territory. We’re here to learn about the life and customs of the Aborigines, who are native to Australia. The Aboriginal population might be small, but its influence is still visible. For example, “Bondi” in “ Bondi Beach” is an Aboriginal word meaning "water breaking over rocks”.
我和朋友来到了澳大利亚北的凯瑟琳小镇。我们此行的目的是了解土著人的生活和习俗，他们是澳大利亚的原住民。土著人的人口可能很少，但其影响依旧可见。例如，“邦迪海滩”中的“邦迪”就是一个土著词汇意思是“拍打着岩石的海浪(声)”。

To survive in this vast land on the ocean, the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature. This shows in their music. too, which celebrates the natural world and the spiritual world around them. Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
为了在大洋中这片辽阔的土地上生存，澳大利亚土著人得和大自然保持密切的联系。这也体现在它们的音乐中。这些音乐歌颂身边的自然世界，以及围绕着它们的精神世界。他们的大多数乐器其实就是在地上找到的树枝，其中有一种叫作迪吉里杜管的神奇乐器.

The didgeridoo is made from a tree branch which is hollow. To play the didgeridoo, you put your mouth on one end and blow while vibrating your lips. Unlike a horn, there are no finger holes. The didgeridoo player has to change the shape of his mouth in order to change pitch. A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe. He does this by continually breathing in through his nose while breathing out through his mouth and into the didgeridoo I tried to learn how to play it, but after trying for hours, I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument.
迪吉里杜管由空心的树枝制成。吹奏迪吉里杜管时，把嘴巴靠在一端，边吹气，一边振动嘴唇。与喇叭不同，迪吉里杜管没有指孔。吹奏迪吉里杜管必须靠改变嘴形才能改变音高。一名娴熟的演奏者可以长时间吹奏，不用停下来换气。演奏者可以不停地用鼻子吸气，同时通过嘴巴吐气，吹入迪吉里杜管中。我试着学习吹奏方法，但经过好几个小时的努力，我只能确信我永远都无法用这个乐器发出乐声!


6 Oct
10月6日
It's almost time for me to say goodbye to Australia. I've enjoyed my time here very much. After being here for a while, my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation. Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture, minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture, with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants. It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
差不多是我跟澳大利亚说再见的时候了。我在这里过得十分愉快。在这里住了一段时间之后，我最深刻的印象就是不同种族和文化的交融构成了这个国家。尽管自1788年以来，主要的文化影响是西方文化，但少数族裔文化在塑造独特的澳大利亚文化方面也发挥了作用，还有许多随着移民而来的新文化的影响。据说现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么自己出生于海外要么父母出生于海外。

Personally speaking, what I like most about Australia is the people themselves. They have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went.
对我个人来说，澳大利亚让我最喜欢的就是这里的人民。他们对待生活的态度简单直率、随性洒脱，他们的友善和热情让我无论走到哪里都有宾至如归的感觉。

After experiencing Australia, I have to say that I agree with the tourism slogan：“There’s nothing like Australia”.
在游历了澳大利亚之后，我得说我十分赞同他们的旅游口号: “澳大利亚无与伦比。” (澳视群雄)

Using Language
THIE AMAZING ANIMALS OF AUSTRALIA
澳大利亚神奇的动物

Our topic today is "Creatures Unique to Australia, with questions answered by wildlife expert, Dr Jim Smith.
我们今天的话题是“澳大利亚特有的生物”，由野生动物专家吉姆・史密斯博士回答问题。

Australia has lots of unigue animals, but which animal is a symbol of the country?
澳大利亚拥有众多独一无二的动物，但哪种动物オ是这个国家的象征呢?

It has to be the kangaroo, as it has a wide distribution throughout the country. It's a tough animal that has to survive in a difficult environment. Also, it cannot walk backwards, so it is always moving forwards. This expresses the strength and resolve of the Australians as individuals and as a nation. Baby kangaroos weigh only two grammes at birth. They then find their way into their mothers pouch—a kind of a pocket—to stay safe and warm. They sleep and drink milk in that temporary, protected environment until they are about seven or eight months old. After this phase, they go out to try their legs. After they learn to jump, they gradually spend less time with their mother and learn to be independent. Kangaroos may look cute, but encounters with them don't always end so well. Kangaroos can hit and kick very hard, so please folks, if you see some kangaroos, remember they're not for petting!
毫无疑问是袋鼠，因为这种动物广泛分布于全国。袋鼠是一种强壮的动物生存于恶劣的环境中。此外，它不会倒退行走，所以总是勇往直前。这表达了澳大利亚人作为个体和民族的力量与决心。袋鼠宝宝出生时只有两克重。然后，它们会钻进母亲的育儿袋——一种口袋一一以保持安全和温暖。它们在这个临时、受保护的环境中睡觉和吃奶，直到七八个月大。在这个阶段之后，它们会出去试试腿力。学会跳跃之后，它们与母亲相处的时间就会逐步减少，学会独立。袋鼠可能看起来十分可爱，但与它们邂逅的结局并不总是那么美好。袋鼠的踢打相当有力，所以大家要小心，如果你们看到袋鼠，要记住它们不是用来爱抚的!
Koalas are cute, and we see so many pictures of people holding them. But in many places in Australia, it is against the law to even touch them. Can you clarify that?
考拉非常可爱，我们可以看到很多人抱着它们的照片。但是在澳大利亚的许多地方，即便碰一下它们都是违法的。你能说明一下这点吗?

They are really quite cute, but the truth is, koalas are very sensitive creatures who can easily panic because of even small changes in their environment. They spend quite a lot of time eating, sleeping, and hanging onto tree trunks, so interaction with humans can cause them a lot of stress. Because of this. the government began to make laws against touching koalas, in the interest of animal protection, as well as public safety. So, if you see one in the wild, you shouldn't approach it to pick it up or even touch it. If you want to hold a koala, you have to go to certain licensed zoos where animal experts make sure that the koalas selected for each session are in a good state for human contact and that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions.
考拉确实十分可爱，但事实是，考拉是非常敏感的动物，即便只是环境中的微小变化都会让它们惊慌失措。它们大部分时间都在吃东西、睡觉和挂在树干上，所以与人类互动会给它们带来极大的压力。因此，政府开始立法禁止触摸考拉，也是出于对保护动物和公共安全的考虑。所以，如果你在野外看到一只考拉，你不要靠近它去把它抱起来或即便是去触摸它。如果你想要抱一抱考拉，你必须去那些获得正式许可的动物园，在那里动物专家会确保为每场互动而选出的考拉状态良好，可以与人接触，而且只在有限的时间内，以有限的次数与人互动。

So, we've talked about some cute animals. What about animals which aren’t so cute?
我们已经谈了一些可爱的动物，那么，不太可爱的动物呢?

My favourite is a little creature called the Tasmanian devil. If you are out camping in Tasmania and come across one, the experience might scare you! Tasmanian devils hunt at night, so you won't usually see them, but you may hear their loud cries when they are fighting or eating. The noise they make could wake the dead. Frightening! They are about the size of small dogs and look like rather large black rats. They also have a terrible smell! Their diet is mostly dead animals. Fortunately, despite their name, they are generally not violent towards people.
我最喜欢的是一种被称为塔斯马尼亚恶魔的小动物。如果你在塔斯马尼亚野外露营时遇到一只，那经历可能会吓到你!塔斯马尼亚恶魔在夜间捕食所以你通常不会看到它们，然而当它们打架或者吃东西时，你会听到它们震耳的嚎叫声。它们发出来的噪音能把死人叫醒。十分恐怖!它们个头跟狗差不多，看起来像只大黑鼠。它们身上还有一股难闻的气味!它们的食物主要是动物的尸体。幸运的是，尽管它们名为“恶魔”，但是它们基本上对人类没有攻击性。

Australia also has some animals that many people have never heard of, for example, the duck-billed platypus. Is that some kind of bird?
澳大利亚还有一些许多人从未听说过的动物，例如鸭嘴兽。那是某种鸟吗？

Not at all. While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird, it's really a primitive mammal, with a unique biology. Its eggs hatch after about ten days, and then the baby platypus nurses from its mother like all other mammals. Its nose looks like a duck's bill and it has feet like a duck's so it can dive under the water. but it's covered in hair. Do you know what's really strange about a platypus? The platypus doesn't use its senses of sight or smell to find food. It has a capacity to find food in the water by using electrical sensors in its bill. There are only a small handful of animals in the world that can do that!
完全不是。虽然鸭嘴兽可以像鸟一样在巢中产卵，但它实际上是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有罕见的生物特性。它的蛋大约十天后孵化出来，然后新生鸭嘴兽像其他所有哺乳动物一样由母亲哺乳。它的鼻子看起来像鸭嘴，脚也跟鸭子的一样，所以它可以潜到水下，但它浑身都是毛。你知道鸭嘴兽真正奇怪的地方是什么吗? 鸭嘴兽并非用视觉或嗅觉来觅食。它拥有种能用嘴里的电传感器在水中找到食物的能力。世界上具备这一能力的动物屈指可数!

Reading and Writing

WHAT'S COOKING IN AUSTRALIA?
澳大利亚的美食是什么？

To fully appreciate Australian cuisine, you have to consider the unique nature of its wildlife and geography. For one thing, there are the wide plains in the interior of the country, which are home to millions of grazing animals. For another, there is Australia's long coastline which is next to all the riches of the sea. It is no wonder then that much of Australian cuisine centres around red meat and seafood.
要想充分欣赏澳大利亚的美食，您必须考虑到其野生动物和地理环境的独特性质。首先，澳大利亚内陆有宽阔的平原，这里是数百万只放牧动物的家园。其二，是澳大利亚漫长的海岸线，旁边是所有的海洋财富。难怪澳大利亚的很多美食都是围绕着红肉和海鲜展开的。

One of the most popular red meats in Australia is also unique to the continent: kangaroo. This may seem strange as the kangaroo is a national symbol of Australia. However, in recent years, kangaroos have increased in number to around 45 million. These kangaroos wander onto the roads and into cities, making trouble. Their increased numbers have also harmed plants and other wildlife. As a consequence, the government is encouraging people to use these animals as food, and kangaroo has become one of the most popular items on the Australian dinner table.
澳大利亚最受欢迎的红肉之一也是澳洲大陆特有的：袋鼠。这似乎很奇怪，因为袋鼠是澳大利亚的国家象征。然而，近年来，袋鼠的数量已经增加到4500万只左右。这些袋鼠游荡在道路上，进入城市，制造麻烦。它们数量的增加也伤害了植物和其他野生动物。因此，政府鼓励人们将这些动物作为食物，袋鼠已经成为澳大利亚餐桌上最受欢迎的食物之一。

As for seafood, many of the first Europeans who came to Australia loved the sea. Perhaps this is one reason why so many Australians live near the coast. Since the coastline is so long. each region has its own dishes that are related to the seafood found in its waters. The list of seafood available at the local fish market is like a tour of the coast: salmon, prawns, oysters, tuna, shark, crab, and many more. However, if you want to really take in the full experience, you should go to the fish market in Sydney early in the morning and see the fish being prepared for sale. Better yet, you can sign up to go deep-sea fishing.
至于海鲜，很多最早来到澳洲的欧洲人都喜欢大海。或许这也是为什么有那么多澳大利亚人住在海岸附近的原因之一。由于海岸线如此之长，每个地区都有自己的菜肴，这些菜肴都与其水域中的海鲜有关。在当地的鱼市上可以买到的海鲜清单就像在海岸上游览一样：三文鱼、大虾、牡蛎、金枪鱼、鲨鱼、螃蟹等等。不过，如果你想真正全面体验，你应该一大早就去悉尼的鱼市，看看准备出售的鱼。更好的是，你可以报名去深海钓鱼。

But then, how is all this food cooked? Perhaps the favourite way of cooking food in Australia is the barbecue, or "barbie". Given the fine weather, Australians love to eat outside. Casual friendliness is the key to such meals. It is a time for friends and relatives to get together and have fun. Even strangers passing through will be offered a seat, a cold drink, and something off the grill. Often these barbecues feature a "mixed grill", which means cooking all kinds of meat, seafood, and vegetables. So, at an Australian barbecue, you don't have to eat kangaroo—or even eat meat at all—if you don't want to.
但是，这些食物是如何烹饪的呢？在澳大利亚，人们最喜欢的食物烹饪方式也许就是烧烤，也就是 "烧烤"。鉴于天气晴好，澳洲人喜欢在户外吃饭。休闲友好是这种饭局的关键。这是亲朋好友相聚一堂，其乐融融的时刻。即使是路过的陌生人，也会被提供一个座位、一杯冷饮和一些烤架上的东西。通常这些烧烤会以 "混合烧烤 "为特色，即烹制各种肉类、海鲜和蔬菜。所以，在澳洲烧烤中，你可以不吃袋鼠--甚至根本就不吃肉--如果你不想吃。

Beyond this, what is Australian cooking? As Australia is a diverse country with people from many nations, Australian cooking now has flavours and cuisines from around the globe. No matter who you are and no matter what cuisine interests you, you are always sure to find a warm welcome and a full plate waiting for you in Australia.
除此以外，澳大利亚的烹饪是什么？由于澳大利亚是一个多元化的国家，人民来自很多国家，所以现在澳大利亚的烹饪有来自全球各地的风味和美食。无论你是谁，无论你对什么美食感兴趣，在澳大利亚，你总能受到热情的欢迎和款待。


UNIT THREE SEA EXPLORATION

They (oceans) provide a breeding ground for life, connect the world and promote development. --- Xi Jinping
海洋孕育了生命、联通了世界、促进了发展。

Reading and Thinking

REACHING OUT ACROSS THE SEA
跨海越洋
Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations. Marco Polo's tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east. However, merchants search for sea routes from west to east. However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.
贸易和好奇心通常构成人类最伟大成就的基础。在早期文明中，人们对绘制世界大地图充满激情。马可波罗的故事激励了欧洲探险家寻找自西向东的海上航线。然而，在哥伦布首次启航之前许多年，东方的商人和探险家就已经开始自东向西航行。

In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road. A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka ). Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west China, as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century.
在古代，来自中国的丝绸沿陆路运至印度、中东和罗马，这条路后来就是闻名遐迩的“丝绸之路”。以锡兰(今斯里兰卡)为中心的一条横跨海洋的贸易路线沿印度洋海岸延伸。在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方的商人汇聚起，洽谈贸易协议，这也增进了对彼此文化的认识。几个世纪间，随着贸易的发展，对中国以西地区的探索增多了，这些在八世纪杜环所著的《经行记》一书中有所记载。

Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions。 Between 1405 and 1433， seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. Under the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa. African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold, silk, and spices. Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.
后来，明朝进一步发展了与这些地区的关系。1405年至1433年间，七支大型船队西渡重洋，开展贸易和探索。当时，这些船队极为壮观，独领风骚。在郑和的指挥下，船队从中国南海起航，穿越印度洋，直抵红海口，然后前往非洲东海岸。非洲王室赠送长颈鹿等礼物以示友好，同时也是作为他们获得黄金、丝绸和香料的回赠。尽管1433年后中国停止了进一步的探索，但在随后的几个世纪，这些陆地和海洋路线仍是与其他文化之间的活跃通道。
To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 2lst Century Maritime Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come. China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes, which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.
今天，跨海越洋依旧是人们强烈的渴望。作为“一带一路”倡议的组成部分，“21世纪海上丝绸之路”让郑和曾经走过的古代海上航线再度受到关注。这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。近年来，贸易增长迅猛，未来几年也将继续增长。中国已经在这些沿线地区的运输系统和服务上投入了数十亿美元，这将促进整个地区实现大发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。

China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times there are still many other places left to explore. In recent years, China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
中国还与海洋彼岸的友邦一起参与了其他重要项目。尽管郑和的古代海上路线已经重走很多次了，但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。近年来，中国与其他国家一道开展了多次北极考察。从科学角度看，迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响.

Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
数百年过去了，由于拥有了最新技术，在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下，中国将跨海越洋，迈向未来.

Using Language
Text 1 文本一个

When people talk of exploring the sea more, they usually mean exploiting it. Sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more.
人们在谈论扩大海洋勘探的时候，通常指的是海洋开发。海洋勘探已经造成了许多问题，并将继续引发更多问题。

More exploration means more pollution. The Deepwater Horizon spilled over 200 million gallons of oil into the sea in 2010. Plastic pollution is also bad, killing many birds and fish, and has even been found in our tap water.
扩大勘探意味着污染加刷。2010年“深水地平线”号钻井平台在海中溢出了两亿多加仑的石油。塑料污染也十分严重，导致许多鸟类和鱼类死亡甚至在我们的自来水中也发现了塑料污染。

Mining for resources is very damaging, especially in the Arctic. Because of climate change, there is less ice now, which means we can look for more fossil fuels further north. But if we burn these, the ice will melt more and this negative cycle will continue. Climate change is warning us that something is very wrong.
资源开采极具破坏性，尤其是在北极地区。由于气候变化，现在冰川减少了，这意味着我们可以在更北的地方寻找更多的化石燃料。但是，如果我们烧尽这些燃料，冰川将融化得更多，这一不良循环将持续下去。气候变化正警告我们情况不妙。

Overfishing is another problem. Whales and dolphins are also hunted for their meat or for so-called research. Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still＂murdering＂ these intelligent creatures without mercy.
过度捕捞是另一个问题。鲸鱼和海豚也遭到捕杀，成为盘中美食或用于所谓的研究。尽管早在1982年就已禁止，但有的国家仍在无情地“谋杀”这些聪明的生物。

The sea is home to life, not human beings’ possessions. It is huge, but it is more sensitive than we think. If we do not protect it, future generations will not forgive us.
海洋是生命的家园，而不是人类的私产。海洋广阔无垠，但比我们想象的更为敏感。如果我们不保护它，子孙后代将不会原谅我们。


Text 2文本二

To truly understand our planet, we must explore the oceans which cover most of it. Opponents may be concerned, but sea exploration is important for our future. For example, scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change. We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action. Therefore, more research is necessary.
为了真正了解我们的星球，我们必须探索覆盖其表面大部分的海洋。反对者也许会忧心忡忡，但是海洋探索对我们的未来十分重要。例如，科学考察船可以帮助应对像气候变化这种重要的问题。我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，这样我们オ能采取行动。因此，有必要开展更多的研究。

Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better. Logging new species will improve our understanding of life on the earth. It may help us discover new medicines, as well as new sources of food and energy. Accessing the deep ocean may also help us to predict events such as earthquakes.
深入了解海洋也有助于我们更好地管理其资源。记载新物种将提升我们对地球上的生命的了解。这可能还会帮助我们发现新的药物，以及新的食物和能源来源。深海探索还有可能会帮助我们预测地震等事件。

The population of the world is growing and we need new resources for future development. There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice. not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals.

世界人口正在不断增长，我们需要新的资源来维系未来的发展。海洋和冰川之下可能蕴藏着大量的资源，不仅仅是石油和天然气，还有珍贵的矿物。

Of course, there are still environmental risks. However, these should be balanced with economic needs.
当然，环境风险仍然存在。但是，这些风险应该与经济需求相平衡

Hopefully, as technology improves, we may have more options for managing this balance.
随着技术的进步，我们有望会有更多的选择来驾驭这一平衡。


Reading and Writing

A SEA OF PLASTIC
塑料的海洋
Scientists visiting tiny Henderson Island in the South Pacific recently made an alarming discovery. Although it is one of the most remote places on the earth and previously untouched by humans, the island was covered in plastic waste. They calculated there were 38 million pieces of plastic, weighing almost 18 tons, with thousands of new pieces washing up each day. "No country has a free pass----we found plastic from everywhere, " said one scientist. "We all have a responsibility, and we have to sit up and pay attention. This is not an issue to ignore. We need to do something now to protect the sea. "
最近，访问南太平洋微小的亨德森岛的科学家们有了一个惊人的发现。虽然这里是地球上最偏远的地方之一，以前也没有人烟，但岛上却布满了塑料垃圾。他们计算出有3800万块塑料，重近18吨，每天都有数千块新塑料被冲上岸。“没有一个国家会幸免----，我们发现到处都有塑料，”一位科学家说。“我们都有责任，我们必须认真关注。这不是一个可以忽略的问题。我们现在需要做一些事情来保护海洋。”

Plastic waste in the sea has long been known about, but only now are we discovering the true extent of the problem. Plastic takes hundreds of years to decompose, so all the plastic ever produced still exists somewhere. Around 95% of plastics made are not recycled, and large amounts enter the sea. Currents collect this waste in large circular systems called “gyres”. One of the largest is in the Pacific Ocean, an area now known as the "Great Pacific Garbage Patch ".
海洋中的塑料垃圾早已为人所知，但直到现在我们才发现问题的真正严重性。塑料需要几百年的时间才能分解，所以所有生产出的塑料仍然存在于某个地方。大约95%的塑料没有被回收利用，大量的塑料进入海洋。洋流将这些废物收集在一个被称为 "环流 "的大型循环系统中。其中最大的一个是在太平洋，这个区域现在被称为 "太平洋大垃圾场"。

The problem gets worse as plastic breaks down into very small pieces, or "micro plastic". This is eaten by fish and leads to massive species loss. Humans also eat these fish, and micro plastic has even been found in tap water around the world. The problem has spread too far to ignore. The plastic on Henderson Island accounts for just 2 seconds’ worth of global annual plastic production. That production will more than triple by 2050. Then there will be the same weight of plastic in the sea as fish.
当塑料分解成非常小的碎片或 "微型塑料 "时，问题变得更加严重。这被鱼吃了，导致大量物种消失。人类也吃这些鱼，甚至在世界各地的自来水中也发现了微塑料。这个问题已经蔓延得让人无法忽视。亨德森岛上的塑料垃圾仅占全球每年塑料2秒的产量。到2050年，这个产量将增加三倍以上。届时，海里的塑料将和鱼的重量一样。


However, there are some young minds working to clean up and protect the sea for future generations. While diving in Greece, young Boyan Slat noticed there was more plastic waste than fish. He decided right then to dedicate his life to solving this problem. Previously the problem was considered too big to solve; collecting the plastic with boats and nets would be expensive, would harm sea life, and would take thousands of years! But, Boyan thought, why move through the sea when the sea can move through you? To work with the currents and gyres would help collect the waste. So he started The Ocean Cleanup project, which places very long floating barriers in the Pacific. Currents then concentrate the waste naturally so it can be collected and recycled. He hopes to reduce the patch by 50% in just five years.
然而，有一些年轻人正在努力为后代清理和保护海洋。年轻的Boyan Slat在希腊潜水时，发现塑料垃圾比鱼还多。他当时就决定要为解决这个问题奉献一生。以前，人们认为这个问题太大，无法解决；用船和网收集塑料会很昂贵，会伤害海洋生物，而且需要几千年的时间！但Boyan想，为什么要动用塑料呢？但是，博彦想，既然大海可以由你清理，为什么不大海自我清理呢？与洋流和海沟合作，可以帮助收集废弃物。于是，他开始了 "海洋清理 "项目，在太平洋上放置很长的漂浮屏障。然后洋流会自然地集中废物，这样就可以收集和循环利用。他希望在短短5年内就能把这块地方减少50%。

"Many problems today are side effects of things people didn’t think about in the past", he says. Sea plastic is a symbol of the negative effects of our lifestyle and technology. Our aim should be to create a new lifestyle for this century. Protecting the sea from plastic is a good place to start.
他说："今天的很多问题都是过去人们没有想到的事情所带来的副作用"。海塑料是我们生活方式和技术的负面影响的象征。我们的目标应该是为本世纪创造一种新的生活方式。保护海洋不受塑料污染是一个好的开始。


UNIT FOUR SHARING

As you grow older, you will discover that you have two hands, one for helping yourself, the other for helping others. ---- Sam Levenson
当你再成熟有担当一点后，你会发现你有两只手，一只是用来助己，另一只用助人。


Reading and Thinking

VOLUNTEERING IN THE BUSH
丛林里的志愿行动
8 March
3月8日
I just got a parcel from home! It took about two weeks to arrive, and it was a bit damaged, but it was so nice to get some sweets and jam from home; I’ve been dying to have some of my favourite sweets, and it’s always nice to get mail.
我刚收到一个从家里寄来的包!大约花了两周的时间包裏才到达，而且有点破损，但是真高兴能收到家里寄来的一些糖果和果酱;我它直非常渴望吃一些我最喜欢的糖果，而且收到邮包总是令人开心不已

So I've been here in the jungle for about a month now. My secondary school is a bush school. The classrooms are made of bamboo, with clay floors and roofs of grass. It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track covered in weeds. When I reach the school grounds, I'm greeted by a chorus of " good morning " from the boys. Unlike students in our country, these boys do not wear cotton uniforms, and many of them also have to walk a long way, sometimes for up to two hours, just to get to school.
到现在我已经在丛林里待了大约一个月了。我所在的中学是一所丛林学校。教室是用竹子搭建的，黏土夯的地面，茅草搭的屋顶。沿着杂草从生、尘土飞扬的小路，我几分钟就能走到学校。我走进校园时，男孩们齐声对我喊“早上好”。与我们国家的学生不同，这些男孩不穿棉制校服，他们中的很多人得长途跋涉，有时长达两个小时才能到学校

There's no electricity, running water or even textbooks, not to mention laptops, tablets. or other modern devices! All the students have are pencils, rubbers, and paper. I'm still trying to adapt to these conditions. I've had to become much more imaginative in my teaching. Science is my most challenging subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments. There is no equipment, and since there isn’t even a washroom, if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a basin! It's important not to be too rigid about rules here. too. The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere! The class became a circus as the boys, who had never come across anything like this before, started jumping out of the windows. Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students ---- few will ever become chemists----and most will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway. To be honest, I doubt whether I'm making any difference to these boys' lives at all.
这里没有电，没有自来水，甚至也没有教科书，更不用说笔记本电脑、平板电脑或其他现代化设备了!学生们只有铅笔、橡皮和纸。我还在努力适应这些条件。在我的教学中，我不得不变得更有想象力。科学课是我最具挑战性的科目，因为我的学生没有做实验的概念。这里没有设备，甚至连洗手间都没有。如果需要水，我得用盆子从我的房子里端来!在这里，很重要的一点是也不能太墨守成规。几天前，我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验，在我反应过来前，混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出，洒得到处都是!班上乱成了马戏团，男孩们纷纷跳窗跑走，因为他们以前从没遇到过像这样的事情。有时，我会想化学对这些学生来说到底有多大的用处一一几乎没有人会成为化学家一一而且大多数人无论如何在八年级后都要回到自己的村庄。说实话，我怀疑我是否能给这些男孩们的生活带来一些不同。

17 April
4月17日
Last weekend I made my first visit to a remote village, home to one of our students, Tombe. Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there ---- first, up a mountain from where we had fantastic views, and then down a shaded path to the valley below. When we arrived at the village, Tombe's mother, Kiak, saw us coming and started crying "ieee ieee". We shook hands with all the villagers. Everyone seemed to be related to Tombe.
上周末，我第一次去了一个偏远的村庄，我们的学生汤贝的家在那里。我和另一位老师步行了两个半小时オ到达那里。首先，爬上一座山，在山上我们看到了美妙的景色，然后沿着一条树荫遮蔽的小路走到下面的山谷我们到达村子时，汤贝的母亲齐亚克看见我们到来，就“唉咿一一唉咿”地叫了起来。我们和所有的村民握手。每个人似乎都是汤贝的亲戚。

Tombe’s father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead, led us to his house, a low, round bamboo hut with no windows, with a door just big enough to get through, and with grass sticking out of the roof ---- this shows it is a man's house. Such housing is dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust. Fresh grass had been laid on the floor and there was a platform for Jenny and me to sleep on. There was a fireplace in the centre of the hut. The only possessions I could see were one broom, a few saucers, a kettle, cups, pans, and a couple of Jars.
汤贝的父亲穆卡普，一位下巴结实、额头满是皱纹的男人，把我们带到他的房子前:一座低矮的圆形竹屋，没有窗户，门的宽度仅够单人穿过，屋顶伸出一簇茅草一一这表明这是一个男人的房子。这样的房屋里面很暗，所以过了一会儿我们的眼睛才适应过来。地上铺着新草，还有一个让我和珍妮睡觉的平台。属子中央有个火炉。我能看到的物品只有一把扫帚、几个碟子、一个水壶，还有几个杯子、平底锅和罐子。

Mukap built a fire outside and laid stones on it to heat. He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kau kau (sweet potato ) ripe corn, and greens. He then covered the vegetables with banana leaves and left them to steam. It smelled delicious. We ate inside the hut sitting round the fire. I loved listening to the family talking softly to each other in their language, even though I could not participate much in the conversation. Luckily, Tombe interpreted for us.
穆卡普在屋外生了火，然后把石头放在上面加热。接着，他把热石头放入个空油桶，里面有栲栲(甘薯)、熟玉米和青菜。然后他用香蕉叶盖住蔬菜，把它们蒸上。食物闻起来很香。我们在屋内围着火炉吃饭。我喜欢听这家人用他们的语言轻声地交谈，虽然我无法参与多少他们的谈话, 幸好汤贝为我们做了解说。

Later, I noticed a can standing upside down on the grill over the fire. After a while, Tombe threw it out of the doorway. Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food. His family believes that leftovers attract bad spirits in the night, so any leftover food is dried up in a can and the can is then thrown out of the hut.
后来，我注意到有一个罐子倒立在火炉上面的烤架上。过了一会儿，汤贝把它扔出门口去。他告诉我说，加热罐子是为了烤干剩菜。他们家相信剩菜会在夜晚引来恶灵，所以所有的剩菜都放在罐子里烤干，然后再把罐子扔到屋外。

We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes. My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home. That evening I fell happily into bed. It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe's family.
次日清晨，多次互道再见和紧紧握手之后，我们离开了村庄。当我们拖着沉重的步伐下山回家时，我浑身肌肉酸痛，双膝颤抖。那天晚上，我心满意足地一头栽倒在床上。与汤贝一家共度了一日，真是一种荣幸。


Using Language
Make a speech about China’s aid to other countries

Hello! My name is Zhan Bingbing大家好!我的名字叫詹冰冰。

Lately, all of us have seen Chinese people on TV in far-off places in the world helping other countries to develop. We see Chinese workers building roads in the Congo, a port in Pakistan, railways in Panama, and an airport in Sri Lanka. And we see Chinese miners, oil workers, agricultural experts, mechanics, and doctors working in nearly every corner of the world. And some people may ask. Is it worth it? Why help people overseas when China has many areas that are still in need of development?
最近，大家都在电视上看到中国人在世界各个遥远的地方帮助其他国家发展。我们看到中国工人在刚果修建公路，在巴基斯坦修建港口，在巴拿马修建铁路，在斯里兰卡修建机场。我们看到中国的矿工、石油エ人、农业专家、机械师和医生几乎在世界的每个角落忙碌着。有些人可能会问:“这值得吗?在中国许多地区仍然需要发展的时候，为什么要帮助外国人民呢?

I had the same questions myself. But for me, it was much more personal. You see, my mother is a medical doctor, and for the last two years, she has been working as a volunteer consultant in Tanzania, Africa, as a part of a medical team sent by the Chinese government.
我自己也有同样的疑问。然而，对我来说，它更多与我个人有关。你看,我妈妈是一名医生，在过去的两年里，她作为中国政府派遣的医疗队的员，一直在非洲坦桑尼亚当一位志愿顾问。

To be honest, when my mother first left for Africa, I was upset. You see, my mother cooked me dinner every night, and she took good care of me. But more importantly, she was my best friend. We talked together, we spent our leisure time together, and except for school and work, we were never apart. So I was unhappy about her leaving without even asking for my input.
说实话，当我妈妈第一次去非洲的时候，我很难过。我妈妈每天晚上都给我做饭，无微不至地照顾我。但更重要的是，她是我最好的朋友。我们起聊天，一起度过闲暇时光，除了上学和上班，我们从未分开过。所以对她甚至没征求我的意见就(决定)离开，我感到很不开心。

But then I began to hear about the work she was doing in Tanzania, a country that has many health problems, and now I am singing a different tune. Many dangerous diseases which are rare in China are quite commonly contracted in Tanzania. And, while the country is quite beautiful and has much natural wealth, many of the people are quite poor and live without things we take for granted, such as electricity, running water, cars and good transport systems, and supermarkets. One project that my mother worked on was helping to build a cardiac hospital. Prior to this, if a Tanzanian had a heart condition and needed surgery, they would have to go abroad. Since this was quite expensive, many people went without medical treatment and some even died. Now, not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital, but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well. It has made a big difference to their lives. My mother also does a circuit of the rural villages to provide medical treatment, help those with disabilities, and provide consultation and training for local doctors. In addition, her team has given patients new malaria treatment capsules invented in China and this has saved many lives.
可是话又说回来，我开始听说她在坦桑尼亚所做的工作。这个国家有很多健康问题，现在我转变了态度。许多在中国很罕见的危险疾病在坦桑尼亚仍有众多患者。此外，尽管这个国家风景美丽、物产丰饶，但许多人仍然十分贫穷;我们认为理所当然的东西，在他们的生活中都没有，比如电自来水、汽车和便捷的交通系统，以及超市。我妈妈参与的一个项目是帮助他们建造一所心脏专科医院。在这之前，如果一个坦桑尼亚人患有心脏疾病需要手术的话，就不得不出国。由于出国费用高昂，许多人得不到治疗，甚至有人死亡。现在，有了医院，不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了帮助，而且周边国家的人们也因此受益。这极大地改变了他们的生活。我妈妈还到偏远的农村巡诊，提供医疗服务，帮助残疾人，并为当地医生提供咨询和培训。此外，她的团队还为患者提供了中国研发的新型疟疾疗法，从而挽救了许多生命。

Today, I want to relay to you that I'm proud of the work my mother has done and I am now supportive of it. Is her work worth it? Yes, to the lives of the people she is helping, it is worth it. But by any criteria this work is worth it to us as well, because it shows that we are global citizens interested in world stability, and that we feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind. Everyone deserves a fair chance in life. When I think of all the things that we as Chinese citizens can be most proud of, helping others comes at the top of this list. Now that I understand how important my mothers work is, I've decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands. In the future, I pray that you will do the same.
今天，我想向你们传递的信息是，我为我妈妈所做的工作感到自豪，现在我对此表示支持。她的工作值得吗?是的，对得到她帮助的人的生命来说，这是值得的。然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这项工作对我们来说也是值得的，因为它表明我们是关心世界稳定的全球公民，我们对他人负有责任，并准备好要建设人类命运共同体。每个人在生命中都应享有公平的机会。当我在思考作为中国公民最能引以为傲的所有事情时，帮助他人位居榜首。既然我明白了我妈妈的工作有多么重要，我已经决定自己也成为一名志愿者，去帮助其他国家的人。我期盼，未来你们也会这样做

Thank you! 谢谢!



Reading and Writing
THE WORLD'S MOST USEFUL GIFTS
世界上最有用的礼物

HOME ABOUT ORDER CONTACT US
首页 关于我们 订购须知 联系我们

Are you looking for a special gift for a special person? Then this is the site for you. The gift you choose here is not something for a loved one to keep but a voluntary contribution in his or her name to people who really need it.
你是否在寻找一份特别的礼物给一个特别的人？那么这个网站就是为您准备的。您在这里选择的礼物不是给亲人保存的东西，而是以他或她的名义自愿捐献给真正需要的人。

First, choose a truly useful gift for some of the world's poorest, giving hope for a better future to a community in need. Then, when you purchase the item, we will send you an attractive card for you to send to that loved one. You can use the cards for any special occasion: weddings, births, anniversaries, Christmas, etc
首先，为世界上最贫穷的人选择一份真正有用的礼物，为需要帮助的社区带来美好未来的希望。然后，当您购买该物品时，我们会给您寄去一张吸引人的卡片，让您寄给那位亲人。您可以在任何特殊的场合使用这些卡片：婚礼、生日、周年纪念日、圣诞节等。

GIFTS COST (AUD)
礼物 费用(澳元)
20棵树苗 5元
成立妇女自助小组的贷款 8元。
1人3个月的供水量 10元
蔬菜种植培训 15元
儿童接种6种致命疾病疫苗20元
课本 20元
成人基础教育 25元
基本保健服务 30元
一年小学教育 35元
一只山羊 40元
一个抽水马桶 50元
一个家庭3个月的供水量 65元
一笔开办小企业的贷款 85元
一台缝纫机 100元
一个家庭的营养补充剂 130元
耕牛 180元
一套保健和医疗书籍 200元
对孤儿家庭的援助 300元
一所社区小学 500元
一台乡村拖拉机 1 000元
一口井和水泵 1 350元

20 tree seedlings $5
A loan to set up a women's self-help group $8
3 months’ water supply for one person $10
Training in vegetable farming $15
Child vaccinations against 6 killer diseases $20
School books $20
Basic adult education $25
Basic health-care services $30
One year of primary schooling $35
A goat $40
A supply toilet $50
3 months water supply for a family $65
A loan to set up a small business $85
A sewing machines $100
Nutritional supplements for a family $130
Oxen for ploughing $180
A set of books on health and medical care $200
Assistance for families headed by children $300
A community primary school $500
A village tractor $1,000
A well and water pump $1,350


Dear____________,
亲爱的____________，

To let you know that I am thinking of you on this special day, I have purchased a gift from the World's Most Useful Gifts catalogue in your name for some of the world's poorest people.
为了让你知道，在这个特殊的日子里，我在世界最有用的礼物目录中以你的名义购买了一份礼物，送给世界上最贫穷的人。

This gift Will train a small community in India, Kenya, or Bangladesh in new agricultural methods, and it will provide seeds and simple agricultural equipment. Just 20% more produce will mean the difference between sickness and health, and between families going hungry and families providing for themselves.
这份礼物将为印度、肯尼亚或孟加拉国的一个小社区提供新的农业方法培训，并提供种子和简单的农业设备。仅仅是增加20%的农产品就意味着疾病和健康之间的差别，以及家庭挨饿和家庭自给自足之间的差别。
From________,
来自________，


UNIT FIVE LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER

The future depends on what you do today. ----Mahatma Gandhi
未来取决于你今天的行动。

Reading and Thinking

WORKING OUT WHAT YOU WANT TO DO
弄清楚你想做什么

As an adult, one of the first questions you are asked when meeting someone new is, "What do you do? " This is because your career is a very important part of who you are. The career you have defines your life, and so taking time to think about it is an essential exercise for young people.
作为一名成年人，你结识新朋友时首先被问及的问题之一是:“你是做什么工作的?”这是因为你的职业是你身份的一个重要组成部分。你所从事的职业决定了你的生活，所以花点时间来思考它，对年轻人来说是项至关重要的锻炼。

The best time to start thinking about possible careers is while you are still at school, before you make any choices about your further education. This however, is not always easy. Some people know what they want to do from a young age, but many others just have a few ideas bouncing around in their heads.
开始考虑自己可能从事的职业的最佳时间是你还在学校的时候，在你对自己的继续深造作出选择之前。然而，这并不总是那么容易。有些人年轻时就清楚自己想做什么，但更多的人只是有一些想法在脑子里晃来晃去

One of the most effective ways to get some insight on a possible career path is to complete a "career aptitude test". The results of the test will tell you about your strengths and interests, and some tests also suggest careers that you may be suited to. Having this information will provide you with a better chance of finding a job you like. There are many free tests online, so give one a try. Getting a head start in considering your future career may help you for the rest of your life. You don't want to look back in years to come and say, "I wish I had thought more about what I really wanted to do".
要想洞察可能从事的职业道路，最有效的方法之一是完成“职业能力倾向测验”。从测验结果能看出你的强项和兴趣，一些测验还会就你可能适合的职业提出建议。拥有这些信息将会为你提供更好的机会来找到你喜欢的工作。网上有很多免费测验，所以尝试一下吧。在考虑你的未来职业方面早做打算，可能会让你终身受益。你不会想在以后的岁月里回望过去时说:“要是当时我能对我想做的事情多考虑考虑就好了”。

There are many different kinds of career aptitude tests. Some ask question about your personal interests and attitudes. Others focus more on asking you to rate different kinds of work scenarios, like working as a librarian or a lawyer. Of course, while completing these sorts of tests, it is very important to be honest---- and don't worry ----there are no right or wrong answers.
有很多不同种类的职业能力倾向测验。有些测验会问一些关于你的个人兴趣和态度的问题。另一些测验则更侧重于让你给不同类型的工作场景打分，比如说当图书管理员或律师。当然，在做这些测验时，诚实是非常重要的——无须担心——答案没有对错之分。
Career Aptitude Test example Page 1 of 10 职业能力测试范例 第1页 共10页
How do you feel about the work tasks below? 你对下面的工作任务有什么感受？
1. Assemble a chest of drawers 1.组装一个抽屉柜
2. Drive an ambulance 2.开救护车
3. Help develop a cure for breast cancer 3.帮助开发乳腺癌的治疗方法。
4. Analyse the elements hydrogen and radium 4.分析氢和镭元素
5. Design a new range of wrist accessories 5.设计一系列新的手腕配件
6. Design clothes for brides and bridegrooms 6.为新娘和新郎设计服装。
7. Teach children geometry 7.教孩子学习几何学
8. Help and advise people in serious debt 8.对债务严重的人提供帮助和咨询
9. Manage a hair and nail shop 9.管理一家美发和美甲店
10. Provide investment advice 10.提供投资咨询
11. Check and edit education materials 11.检查和编辑教育材料
12. Categorise employee profiles 12.雇员简介的分类
















你的测试结果如下。你的工作性格代码是A-I-R
R: 动手能力强，积极主动，技术过硬
I:观察力强、理智
A: 有创造力、想象力、 创新力
S: 乐于助人，以人为本， 有担当
E: 有说服力，自信
C: 有条理,注意细节
工作个性类型


One popular test asks the participants to grade their preferences for a variety of work tasks. Their answers are then analysed and divided up between six different types of work personalities. The participant is then given a chart showing their score for each type of work personality,. The top three scores are used to make a code that indicates the participant's overall work personality. This code is then used to generate a list of career suggestions。
有一项流行的测验要求参与者给自己对各种工作任务的偏好打分。参与者的回答随后会被分析并划分为六种不同类型的职业性格。然后为参与者提供一张图表，显示他们在每一种职业性格上的得分。最高的三项得分会用来组成一个代码，以显示参与者的整体职业性格，然后用这个代码生成个职业建议列表。

The career suggestions are also based on your education and experience level but you can look at higher-level careers as well, which is very useful for high school students. For example, you could look at the basic careers to see what work you might like now， and then look at the more advanced career so you know what you may like to aim for in the future. This is a great tool to help plan your career and let you know what targets you need to reach to get there.
职业建议也基于你的教育和经验水平，但是你也可以看看更高层次的职业这对高中生非常有用。例如，你可以看看基础性的职业，以了解你现在可能喜欢什么工作，然后再看看更高级别的职业，这样你就知道未来你可能想要以什么为目标。这是一个很好的工具，可以帮助规划你的职业，让你知道你需要达成什么目标才能实现理想。

In conclusion, career aptitude tests are clearly a very useful tool. However, it is important to remember that they are only meant for guidance. The secret to a good career is finding something that you are passionate about. So try a few tests online and start thinking about your future career right now!
总之，职业能力倾向测验显然是一个十分有用的工具。然而，重要的是要记住，它们仅供指导之用。职业生涯成功的秘诀在于找到你所热爱的。所以，尝试一些这样的网络测验，然后马上开始思考你未来的职业吧!

Using Language
SUMMER CAMP HELPERS WANTED!
夏令营助理招募!

Are you an active and outgoing person? Are you passionate about Chinese culture? Would you like to meet and help young people from other countries?
你是一个活泼、外向的人吗?你热爱中国文化吗?你愿意结交并帮助来自其他国家的年轻人吗?

The Frog Fox Summer Camp Council is looking for enthusiastic high school students to join our team as camp helpers at our summer camp next year! Our camp is located in a beautiful area near a quiet canal, where you will sleep in tents under the stars.
“青蛙与与狐狸”夏令营理事会正在招募热情的高中生,加入我们的团队,成为明年我们夏令营的助理!我们的营地所在地风景优美，在一条安静的运河附近，你可以在星空下的帐篷里入睡.。

We are building a team of keen young people to help us attend to hundreds of students from all over the world. You will be required to supervise and/or help out in a variety of tasks and recreational activities.
我们正在组建一支热心的年轻人团队，帮助我们照顾来自世界各地的数百名学生。你要做的就是监督和/或为不同的任务和娱乐活动提供帮助

Successful applicants will ideally have the following:
l a good level of English;
l good organisational and teamwork skills;
l a passion for Chinese and international culture;
l experience with animals;
l a friendly, welcoming attitude, and good handwriting!
成功的申请人最好具备以下条件:
l 较高的英语水平;

l 良好的组织与团队合作能力;
l 热爱中国文化和国际文化
l 有与动物相处的经验
l 热情、友好的态度和优美的书法!

Send your CV and cover letter to: receptionist(@FAFSC.com(FYI: Applications can also be made on paper or disk.)
将你的简历和求职信发送至: receptionist(＠FAFSC.com(供参考:以纸质或光盘提交申请亦可。)

1. Keep the parking area clean, guide new guests to the reception area, etc.
2. Camel rides, barbecue & fry, calligraphy, purse sewing, knitting with wool, etc.
1.保持停车场整洁，指引新来的客人至接待区，等等。
2.骑骆驼、烧烤和煎炸、书法、缝制钱包、羊毛编织，等等。

Dear Sir/Madam 尊敬的先生/女士:
I would like to apply for the position of camp helper. Please find my CV attached
我想申请营地助理一职。我的简历请见附件。

I believe I would be a valuable addition to your team. My English is at an intermediate level and have travelled to several English-speaking countries. I have also helped to organise a three-day tour of my city for visiting exchange students. I have experience in working with animals, and I have also volunteered at a local library to help organise the children’s section. I am a team player and I enjoy working with others. I have been captain of my school table tennis team for two years, so I know how to lead and decide on priorities.
我自信能为您的团队增添价值。我的英语处于中级水平，我曾去过几个说英语的国家。我还帮助组织过一次为期三天的交换生游览我市的活动。我有与动物打交道的经验。我还在本地的一家图书馆当过志愿者，帮助组织儿童图书区。我具有团队精神，乐于与他人合作。我担任学校乒兵球队队长已经两年，因此我知道如何领导他人并按事情的轻重缓急作出决定。

With my proficiency in Chinese calligraphy, I could also conduct classes for your visitors to help them learn more about this beautiful aspect of Chinese culture.
我还精通中国书法，可以为来访者开设课程，帮助他们更多地了解中国文化中这优美的一面。

The prospect of welcoming exchange students to our country is very exciting, and I am keen to use my skills to give them a warm welcome and an experience they will always remember. I look forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.
一想到可以迎接交换生来到我们的国家，我就兴奋不已。我渴望利用自己的技能给予他们热烈的欢迎和一段难忘的经历我期待着尽快收到您的回复。

Yours faithfully
Kelly Xu
此致
敬礼!
徐凯莉


16 Xinhua Road
Hangzhou
Mobile: 1XX 6616 5555
Email: kellyxu888@exmail.cn


Kelly Xu

RELEVANT EXPERIENCE
2019-present Plan and teach after-school classical calligraphy classes
Design classroom activities, provide feedback
2018-2019 Worked during holidays at local pet shop
Cleaned cages, checked and changed flea collars, helped customers
2017 Visited UK on high school exchange programme
Experienced British culture, demonstrated Chinese culture
2016 Volunteered at local library
Assisted librarians in organising children’s library section
Helped organise city tour for visiting students from Canada
Helped manage tour finances and receipts

EDUCATION
09. 2018-present Hangzhou XXX Senior High School
09.2015-07.2018 Hangzhou XXX Junior High School

SKILLS & QUALIFICATIONS
★ PETS 3 English qualification ★ Certificate in Chinese Calligraphy
INTERESTS ACTIVITIES
★Chinese calligraphy ★Classical literature ★ Table tennis
★Amateur photography ★ Detective novels ★Programming


杭州市新华路16号
手机:1XX6616555
电子邮箱: kellyxu888 @email. cn
徐凯莉


相关经验
2019年至今 策划和教古典书法课外班
设计课堂活动，提供反馈
2018年-2019年 假期在本地宠物店打工
清洗笼子，检查和更换灭蚤项圈，帮助顾客
2017年 访问英国,参加高中交流项目
体验英国文化，展示中国文化
2016年 在本地图书馆担任志愿者
协助图书管理员组织儿童图书馆区
协助组织加拿大来访学生的城市之旅
协助管理旅游财务和收据

教育经历
2018年9月至今 杭州XXX高中
2015年9月-2018年7月 杭州XXX初中
技能与资格证书
★全国英语等级考试(PETS)3级 ★中国书法证书

兴趣与活动
★中国书法 ★古典文学 ★乒球
★业余摄影 ★侦探小说 ★编程

Reading and Writing

DOES PRACTICE REALLY MAKE PERFECT?
熟能生巧吗?

"Practice makes perfect" is a very popular expression. However, can we take this saying literally? Many scientific studies have sought to either prove or disprove this idea. So does enough practice literally lead to perfection, or at least to a level of expertise?
"熟能生巧 "是一句非常流行的话。然而，我们能从字面上理解这句话吗？许多科学研究都试图证明或反驳这一观点。那么，从字面上看，足够的练习是否会导致完美，或者至少是达到专业水平呢？

One popular theory is that if a person practises for at east 10,000 hours, they will reach perfection — or in other words, become an expert in their field. This theory was made famous by Malcolm Gladwell in his 2008 best-seling book, Outiers: The Story of Success. He claimed 10,000 hours of practice to be "the magic number of greatness". He gave the examples of the music group The Beatles and Microsoft co-creator Bill Gates. Although they all seemed to have lots of natural talent, they also clearly put in over 10, 000 hours of practice before they became successful.
一个流行的理论是，如果一个人练习了10000小时，他们就会达到完美——或者换句话说，成为他们领域的专家。这个理论被马尔科姆.格拉德威尔在2008年的最佳辅导书《Outiers: 成功的故事》一书中，将这一理论发扬光大。他称10000小时的练习是 "伟大的神奇数字"。他举了音乐组合披头士和微软联合创始人比尔.盖茨的例子。虽然他们似乎都有很多天赋，但他们在成功之前显然也投入了超过10000小时的练习。

However, Gladwell's book has been said by many to be too simplistic and generalizing. Gladwell's work was largely based on research done by Anders Ericsson, who argued that Gladwell misinterpreted his research. Firstly, Ericsson stated that 10,000 hours was an average figure. Some people, for example, needed far fewer than 10,000 hours, and others many more. More importantly, Ericsson said that just practising a lot was not enough; the type and quality of practice was also essential. He went on to explain the importance of “deliberate practice”, which is when a person practises a specific part of a skill in depth rather than practising a skill as a whole. Deliberate practice is said to be much more effective, albeit more tiring.
然而，格拉德威尔的书被很多人说成是过于简单化和概括化。格拉德威尔的作品主要是基于安德斯-爱立信的研究，他认为格拉德威尔曲解了他的研究。首先，爱立信表示，10000小时是一个平均数字。例如，有些人需要的时间远远少于10000小时，而有些人则需要更多。更重要的是，爱立信说，仅仅是大量练习是不够的，练习的类型和质量也是至关重要的。他接着解释了 "刻意练习 "的重要性。"刻意练习 "是指一个人深入练习某项技能的某个特定部分，而不是将某项技能作为一个整体来练习。据说刻意练习虽然比较累，但效果更好。

Despite the theories mentioned above, many other studies argue that practice alone is far from enough. In fact, a more recent study from Princeton University stated that practice only accounted for up to 26% of reaching an expert level. So what are the other actors that contribute to people becoming experts?
尽管有上述理论，但许多其他研究认为，仅靠练习是远远不够的。事实上，普林斯顿大学最近的一项研究指出，实践最多只占达到专家水平的26%。那么，促使人们成为专家的其他因素是什么呢？

Many people say that natural talent has a large influence on becoming an expert. Another natural factor is physical superiority, which is especially evident in sports. For instance, many baseball players in America have amazing vision that allows them to see the ball much sooner than others do. So no matter how much a "normal" person practises, it is very hard for them to be as good as someone who has natural talent or physical superiority and who also practises.
很多人说，天资对成为专家有很大影响。另一个自然因素是身体上的优势，这一点在体育界表现得尤为明显。比如，美国很多棒球运动员都有惊人的视力，使他们比别人更早地看到球。所以，一个 "正常 "的人无论怎么练习，都很难像一个有天资或身体优势的人一样，而且他也在练习。

And how about other factors that go into creating an expert? Many say IQ, personality, attitude, and starting age are decisive factors, too. It is also important to note that becoming an expert doesn’t equal instant success. Success also relies on social factors, environmental factors, and even just being in the right place at the right time!
那其他因素如何造就一个专家呢？很多人说智商、性格、态度、起步年龄也是决定性的因素。另外需要注意的是，成为专家并不等于马上就能成功。成功还依赖于社会因素、环境因素，甚至只是在正确的时间出现在正确的地点!

In conclusion, practice may not make perfect, but deliberate practice has been shown to lead to significant improvement. Based on Ericsson's research, here are some tips on how to practise effectively: be motivated; make specific and realistic goals; work outside your comfort zone; be consistent and persistent; ask for others' opinions; and, of course, get plenty of rest! For those wanting to become an expert in something, remember that being motivated is key — enjoy what you do and follow your passions.
总而言之，熟能生巧，但刻意的练习已被证明能带来显著的进步。根据爱立信的研究，以下是一些关于如何有效练习的小贴士：要有动力；制定具体而现实的目标；在舒适区之外工作；持之以恒，坚持不懈；征求他人的意见；当然，还要有充足的休息时间！这也是爱立信的建议。对于那些想成为某方面专家的人来说，请记住，积极性是关键----享受你所做的事情并追随你的激情。