新目标九年级 英语 Unit 5 PPT课件+教案+导学案+单元试卷+素材

被动语态(一)

语态用来表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中有两种语态，一种是主动语态，表示主语是动作的执行者；另一种是被动语态，表示主语是动作的承受者。下面的两个例句可以帮助大家理解二者的用法。

1. Kelly cleans the house every day. (该句为主动语态，主语Kelly是动作clean的执行者，宾语the house是动作clean的承受者。)

2. The house is cleaned by Kelly every day. (该句为被动语态，主语the house是动作clean的承受者，动作的执行者Kelly由介词by引出。)

       被动语态通常由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。如：

English is spoken in many countries.

Such books were written for middle school students.

The computer should be turned off at once.

       被动语态可用于多种时态，本单元我们学习一般现在时的被动语态。

一、构成

be (am / is / are) +及物动词的过去分词

如：

The students are told to study hard.

The students aren't told to study hard.

—Are the students told to study hard?

—Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.

Who are told to study hard?

二、如何将主动句变成被动句

分为五步：第一步将主动句中的宾语变成被动句中的主语(宾语如为人称代词，须将宾格变为主格)；第二步根据这个主语选用相应的助动词be (am / is /are)；第三步将主动句中的谓语动词变成它的过去分词形式；第四步将主动句中的主语置于介词by之后(如为人称代词，须将主格变为宾格)；第五步将句中的其他成分加上。如：

课堂练习

Ⅰ. 根据提示词填空

1. I _______ (give) lots of birthday gifts every year. 

2. These days lots of my books _______ (buy) online.

3. Patients _______ (treat) by doctors.

4. The rubbish _______ (collect) every day.

5. This small town is so beautiful that it _______ (visit) by many people.

Ⅱ. 句型转换

1. I am asked to do the work.  (改为否定句)

_______ _______ _______ to do the work. 

2. The man is cut with a knife.  (改为否定句)

The man _______ _______ with a knife.

3. Coffee is served here. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定及否定回答)

—_______ coffee _______ here?

—_______, _______ _______.

—_______, _______ _______.

4. A lot of popular songs are played on this radio. (对划线部分提问)

_______ _______ _______ on this radio?

5. My room is cleaned twice a day.  (对划线部分提问)

_______ _______ _______ your room _______?

6. Do many people wear jeans?  (改为被动句)

_______ jeans _______ _______ many people?

7. They don’t print these books anymore. (改为被动句)

These books _______ _______ anymore.

8. Breakfast is usually made by my mother. (改为主动句)

My mother _______ _______ breakfast.

答案

Ⅰ.1. am given  2. are bought  3. are treated  4. is collected  5. is visited

Ⅱ.1. I’m not asked      2. isn’t cut 

3. Is; served; Yes; it is; No; it isn’t  4. What are played 

5. How often is; cleaned     6. Are; worn by 

7. aren’t printed       8. usually makes