【五年高考真题】最新五年英语高考真题分项汇编——专题02《代词、介词和介词短语》

这是一份【五年高考真题】最新五年英语高考真题分项汇编——专题02《代词、介词和介词短语》，文件包含2018-2022高考真题高考英语五年真题汇编专题02《代词介词和介词短语》解析版全国通用docx、2018-2022高考真题高考英语五年真题汇编专题02《代词介词和介词短语》原卷版全国通用docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共11页， 欢迎下载使用。
专题02 代词、介词和介词短语 全国各地历年高考真题全收录—代词1.（2022全国乙卷）The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony opening _____    _____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea. 答案：its解析：考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真—普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。2.（2021新课标I卷）As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in 　            　（I）. 答案：mine解析：句意为：对我来说的确如此。指my memory,所以用名词性物主代词作介词的宾语,故填mine.3.（2021全国乙卷）Ecotourism has ___________(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. 答案：its解析：考查代词。句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知，此处形容词性物主代词来修饰名词origin。故填its。4.（2021年浙江卷）She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of __________ （she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order. 答案：herself解析：考查代词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。根据句意可知，此处意为“她自己”，可知此处考查反身代词；提示词she的反身代词是herself。故填herself。5.（2020新课标I卷）Data about the moon’s composition, such as how __________ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether __________ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 答案：much；its解析：考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。6. （2020年山东卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine _________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. 答案：themselves解析：考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。7.（2019年北京卷）Nervously facing challenges, I know I will whisper to ___    __(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.答案：myself解析：考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yourself”。本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。8.（2018新课标I卷）But otherwise...it's probably running. If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give __________a try. 答案：it/running解析：考查名词或代词，指代前面提到的running，可以用running，作宾语，也可以用it。9.（2018新课标III卷）When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find                     (they) alive. 答案：them解析：考查人称代词。作宾语，所以用宾格代词。10.（2018年浙江卷）Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _________ can be to eat out.答案：it解析：考查it用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是it can be how cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主语，it是形式主语。故填it。  全国各地历年高考真题全收录—介词和介词短语1.（2022新高考I卷）Giant pandas also serve __________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. 答案：as解析：考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语：serve as (充当)。故填as。2.（2022全国甲卷）He flew 4, 700 kilometers __________ Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20. 答案：from解析：考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。3.（2022全国乙卷）May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially __________ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. 答案：by解析：考查介词。句意：2019年11月27日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。4.（2021新课标II卷）A company representative wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _________ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 答案：from解析：考查介词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班从塑料杯换成纸杯。 from sth to sth从...到..., 所以填from。5.（2021全国甲卷）It was built (build) originally to protect the city __________ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 答案：in/during解析：考查介词。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示“在某个朝代”可用介词in/during。故填in/during。6.（2021全国乙卷）It was not widely accepted as a travel concept __________ the late 1980s. 答案：until解析：考查固定句型。句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”，表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。故填until。7.（2021全国乙卷）Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types __________ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. 答案：of解析：考查介词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of 为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”，所以空格处应填of。故填of。8.（2020新课标I卷）because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so __________ the familiar near side. 答案：than解析：考查介词。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。故填than。9.（2021年浙江卷）In 1844 they bought it _________ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their marriage答案：for解析：考查介词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语buy sth. for +价格，意为“以……价格买某物”。故填for。10.（2021浙江卷1月）The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased ____40____ 2. 1 in women and men.答案：by解析：考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increase by表示“增加了”；increase to表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人BMI数值（18.5-23.9）可知，increase by符合语境，故填by。11.（2021年北京卷）While riding his bike home ________ a cold night，he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself．答案：on解析：考查介词。句意：在一个寒冷的夜晚，当他骑着自行车回家时，他遇到了一个看起来悲伤的老妇人独自在街上游荡。表示“在具体的某一天”或“（在具体的某一天的）早上、中午、晚上”等，须用介词on。故填on。12.（2020新课标II卷）Oranges: Orange trees are more ___________ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. 答案：than解析：考查短语。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。13.（2020新课标II卷）Bamboo plants are associated ___________ health, abundance and a happy home. 答案：with解析：考查短语。句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with与……相联系。故填with。14.（2020新课标III卷）The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist _________ earth, Mother Nature. 答案：on解析：考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。15.（2020年北京卷）Over time, the bags fall apart___     ___countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them.答案：on解析：考查介词。句意：随着时间推移，这些袋子分解成成无数的小碎片，鱼可能会不小心吃掉其中一些。固定搭配fall apart into/to...（分崩离析成……），介词into/to可表“进入……之中/变成……”。故填into/to。16.（2020年浙江卷）Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived __________ ，through agriculture.答案：on解析：考查介词。句意：公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析可知，“they lived _____”应是之前名词the world 的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略，可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world. live in+名词，意为“居住在某地”。故填in。17.（2020年浙江卷）Farming produced more food per person __________ hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children答案：than解析：考查固定搭配。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。结合句意可知，此句中将农业生产与狩猎和采集相比，应用比较连词than。more… than，意为“比……更”故填than。18.（2020浙江卷1月）This aging of the population is driven ________two factors.答案：by解析：考查介词。句意：人口老龄化是由两个因素造成的。表示“由；被”应用介词by。故填by。 19.（2019新课标I卷）Modern methods _______ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s. 答案：of/for解析：考查介词用法。此处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定语，用of 连接，“methods of doing sth。”,意为“…的方法”，构成固定结构。或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用for。故填of/for。20.（2019新课标III卷）We were first greeted with the barking by a pack __­­­_______ dogs, seven to be exact. 答案：of解析：考查介词。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故填of。21.（2019年北京卷）First celebrated __________ 1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区).答案：in解析：考查介词。句意：第一次庆祝是在1970年。如今，这一天的活动遍及190多个国家和地区。在年份前要用介词in。故填in。22.（2019年浙江卷）But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer __________ this question is not clear.答案：to解析：考查介词。句意：这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/answer to ...表示“……的答案是……”，是固定搭配。故填to。23.（2018新课标I卷）While running regularly can’t make you live forever，the review says it is more effective at lengthening life ____________walking, cycling or swimming. 答案：than解析：考查固定搭配。前面有比较级more effective，所以用than。24.（2018新课标II卷）Corn uses less water                  rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. 答案：than解析：考查固定搭配。前面有比较级less，所以用than进行比较。25.（2018新课标III卷）My name is Mireya Mayor. I was searching                 these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. 答案：for解析：考查介词短语。根据固定搭配，search for寻找，故答案为for26.（2018年浙江卷）If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home ________ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her.答案：for解析：考查介词。表示去母亲家去吃饭，表示去向、目的用介词for，故填for。27.（2018·北京）—Good morning, Mr. Lee’s office.—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.A. for                        B. on C. in                         D. at答案：A解析：考查介词。句意：—早上好，Lee先生办公室。—早上好。我想预约下周三下午（和Mr. Lee见面）。make an appointment for意为“为……预约”，是固定搭配，故A选项正确。28. （2020年山东卷）Museums must compete ________people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.答案：for解析：考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete for，意为: “为了……竞争”。故填for。