2022西安长安区一中高二上学期期中考试英语试题（含听力）含解析

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长安一中2021-2022学年度第一学期高二期中测试
英语试题
本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分, 共150分。考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前, 考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题纸上, 认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号, 并将条形码粘贴在答题纸上的指定位置上。
2. 选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂, 如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其它答案标号；非选择题答案用0.5毫米的黑色中性（签字）笔或碳素笔书写, 字体工整, 笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
4. 保持纸面清洁, 不折叠, 不破损。
第I卷（满分 90分）
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分20分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1分, 满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man watching?
A. A program about kids. B. A sports event. C. A local news report.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W：What are you watching?
M：A program on CNN.It’s about homeless children in India.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Roommates. B. Husband and wife. C. Boss and secretary.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Did anyone call while I was out?
W: Only your wife. She wants you to pick up some milk on your way home.
M: OK, thanks, Sarah. I’m headed to my next meeting now.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much can the woman lend to the man?
A. 30 yuan. B. 20 yuan. C. 50 yuan.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M：Can you lend me 30 yuan?
W：I had 50 yuan, but I have just spent 30 yuan.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why is the woman spending a long time?
A. She’s too tired. B. She is bored. C. She can’t find the answer.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M：Are you ready yet? You’ve been spending a long time on your math homework.
W：I’m having trouble with this problem.I don’t know what a hundred times a thousand is.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers?
A. At a bus stop. B. At a hotel. C. At the airport.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M：We’re at the Holiday Inn now.How do we get to the airport?
W：We have buses leaving for the airport from the downtown area every 20 minutes.The bus stops at the Holiday Inn as well.Be sure to get on the bus before 7∶30.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白, 每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间, 每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. What is considered rude in Ethiopia?
A. Talking while eating.
B. Dipping your bread in the sauce.
C. Eating with your left hand.
7. How does the woman eat a sandwich?
A. With both hands. B. With a fork. C. With one hand.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W：Why do you only eat with your right hand?
M：Oh，I learned to do that when I was traveling.In the African country of Ethiopia，that’s their custom.It’s considered very bad manners to eat with your left hand.
W：Why is that?
M：They consider it dirty，I think.
W：What if you’re eating a sandwich? I can never eat a sandwich with only one hand.
M：Well，they make their food so that they only need one hand to eat it with，mainly meats and vegetables in sauce.And they make a very different kind of bread there.Instead of spoons and forks，Ethiopians use the bread to get their food.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. What is the main reason for the speakers to move?
A. The man’s mother is sick.
B. They aren’t making enough money.
C. Their apartment is being sold.
9. What does the man’s mother do on weekends?
A Go out with her friends.
B. Stay at home all the time.
C. Go to exercise classes.
【答案】8. B 9. A
【解析】
【原文】M：I have bad news.
W：What happened? You look sad. Is your mother sick?
M：No. The rent is going up again.
W：That’s too bad. How much this time?
M：Too much for us to afford. You know I’m making less money now.
W：I know. And I haven’t been able to work as much. Well. Where are we going to move now?
M：I don’t know. Rents are very expensive here. But I have an idea.
W：What is it?
M：You’re not going to like this. But I think we should move in with my mother.
W：Um!
M：Listen, we wouldn’t have to pay as much rent, maybe only half of what we pay now. She has two free bedrooms, so we would have enough space. And my mother is gone for most of the day. She goes to dinners, concerts and movies with friends on the weekends. She’s really active, so she isn’t home much.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. Why is the man getting rid of his books?
A. He is tired of them.
B. He’s moving to a smaller place.
C. He wants to make money.
11. Why won’t the woman take Harry Potter?
A. She has already read it.
B. She’s not interested in it.
C. She can’t carry it in her bag.
12. How many books does the woman take altogether?
A. One. B. Four. C. Three.
【答案】10. B 11. A 12. C
【解析】
【原文】W：What are you doing with these books?
M：Giving them away.
W：Why? I thought you loved them.
M：I do，but I can’t take them all with me.My apartment in Chicago will be smaller than this place.
W：Are you keeping any?
M：Yeah，I will ship one box to my new apartment.But the ones by the door，I’m giving away.You should see if you want any of them.
W：OK.Maybe I’ll take a few...Oh，The Lord of the Rings.I’ve always wanted to read this.
M：Take it.It’s a good book to read.I’d also recommend Harry Potter to you.
W：No，thanks.I’ve already read it.How about this book by Ernest Hemingway，The Old Man and the Sea? Is it any good?
M：Yeah.Here，you should take The Sun Also Rises，too.It’s his most famous one.
W：OK，I will take both.But I don’t need any more.I have too many unread books already.
【10题详解】
【11题详解】
【12题详解】

听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. When does the man usually travel probably?
A. Only during the summer.
B. Every chance he gets.
C. During winter vacation and spring break.
14. Who does the woman often travel with?
A. Her friends. B. Her family. C. Just herself.
15. What does the woman say about money?
A. It isn't the most important thing in the world.
B. She spends it on one big trip every year.
C. She prefers to save as much as possible.
16. What is the woman like?
A. Responsible and intelligent.
B. Serious and boring.
C. Crazy and wild.
【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M：Do you like to travel，Suzy?
W：Oh，definitely.I travel every chance I get.
M：What do you mean? We’re full­time students.The only time we really get to travel is during the summer.
W：Well，I also try to go on a trip during the winter break，and again during spring break.I also take lots of smaller trips whenever we have a three­day weekend.
M：How do you manage to find time to travel so much? Don’t you have to spend time with your family?
W：Yeah，and we do that in different places! They love to travel，too.We never spend a family vacation in the same place twice!
M：Wow！Doesn’t that get a little bit expensive，though?
W：Well，it’s certainly not cheap.But both my parents work hard，and they save up all their money to go places with us.I also try to save all the money I get from my part­time job，so I can go on my own little trips.
M：Don’t you find it difficult to keep up with your school work?
W：Not at all.I go to the library every day，and I never waste my time going to parties.If I use my time wisely when I’m in school，I can have more fun outside school.
【13题详解】
【14题详解】
【15题详解】
【16题详解】

听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. How long has the zoo been open?
A. For about 110 years. B. For about 60 years. C. For about 120 years.
18. What collection of animals is the largest in the zoo?
A. Fish. B. Birds. C. Deer.
19. What is forbidden in the zoo?
A. Opening the cages. B. Feeding the animals. C. Playing with animals.
20. When does the zoo gates close on weekends?
A. At 6:00 pm. B. At 5:00 pm. C. At 4:00 pm.
【答案】17. B 18. D 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】Hello. Welcome to Green Park Zoo. It was opened in 1958. And it covers an area of 110 hectares. Over 120 different types of animals are kept at present in the zoo. This number does not include the different types of fish, birds and snakes which are also kept here.
This zoo has one of the largest collections of deer in the world. There are 24 different types here at present. You will notice that there are no cages in this zoo. The animals are free to run around in separate groups in different fields.
Please do not feed any of the animals. Here are some reasons for this. First, all the animals have enough to eat. Some visitors have in the past fed the animals with kinds of food which is not suitable. This sometimes used to cause illness and even death to the animals. Second, some of the animals have very sharp teeth. It is not safe to get close to them.
Please note that the gates close at 5∶00 pm on weekdays and an hour later on weekends.We hope you will make your visit more enjoyable and interesting.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Santa Cruz County is home to the rough coastline, grand redwoods, and tracks to secret beaches making it the primary destination for your next adventure!
Berry Creek Falls at Big Basin State Park
Big Basin is California's oldest state park and is home to the largest continuous stand of ancient Coast Redwoods south of San Francisco. The park offers over 80 miles of tracks and has a surprising number of waterfalls. It features a series of year-round waterfalls, lush redwood forest and steep canyons.
Phone: 8637-0835976
Wilder Ranch State Park
Grasslands, small pines, coastal redwoods, the rough coastline, tidepools, hidden beaches, Victorian farmhouse, barns-need we say more? Wilder Ranch owns a wide variety of landforms and habitats, and offers over 34 miles of hiking, biking and horse tracks winding through coastal terraces (梯田) and valleys.
Phone: 8637-0835886
Henry Cowell Redwoods State Park
Whether you're a family with tiny pets or tough teens, Henry Cowell has a track for you and yours. The main park area features 15 miles of hiking and riding tracks through a variety of forested areas with redwoods, mixed evergreens, yellow pines, and even sandhills. For slightly older kids—take the River Track for a scenic hike with great rewards — i.e. some water sports!
Phone: 8639-0836886
West Cliff Drive
Although not considered a traditional “hike", West Cliff Drive delivers on some serious strides (大步) with seaside views. Busy beaches and surf spots to quiet bays and wildlife? this coastal path serves up some breathtaking sceneries. When the path ends, take a glance toward the ocean and see the photogenic Natural Bridges State Beach.
Phone: 8635-0936888
21. Which number can you contact when you want to travel by bike?
A. 8637-0835886. B. 8635-0936888.
C. 8637-0835976. D. 8639-0836886.
22. Which of the following can you swim in?
A. West Cliff Drive.
B. Wilder Ranch State Park.
C. Henry Cowell Redwoods State Park.
D. Berry Creek Falls at Big Basin State Park.
23. Who is the text intended for?
A. Schoolboys. B. Naughty children.
C. Adults with families. D. Adventurous people.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文，主要向喜欢冒险的人们介绍了四个可去之处的情况。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Wilder Ranch State Park”部分第二句中的“offers over 34 miles of hiking, biking and horse tracks winding through coastal terraces (梯田) and valleys(提供超过34英里的徒步旅行，骑自行车和马道蜿蜒穿过海岸梯田和山谷)”可知，“Wilder Ranch State Park”有骑自行车的路段。根据“Phone: 8637-0835886”可知，“Wilder Ranch State Park”的联络电话是8637-0835886。所以当你想骑自行车旅行时，你可以联系8637-0835886。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Henry Cowell Redwoods State Park”部分最后一句中的“take the River Track for a scenic hike with great rewards — i. e. some water sports!(沿着河道徒步旅行，享受丰厚的奖励——比如一些水上运动！)”可知，游玩Henry Cowell Redwoods State Park的一个最大奖赏就是可以进行水上运动(包括游泳)。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“the primary destination for your next adventure(你下一次冒险的主要目的地)”可知，这篇文章是写给喜欢冒险的人们。故选D。
B
Hi, everyone! I am doing 92 acts of kindness this month in memory of my grandma, who passed away a few days before Christmas.It is deeply meaningful for me to see the ripples(涟漪) of kindness and love exerting a positive influence on the world in her name.It feels like she can still do good in the world even though she is gone. I have read so many of this community’s updates and am inspired by how many creative and actively kind, world­changing people are sharing stories.I am writing to request help in reaching my goal of 92 acts of kindness—one for every year of her life.
I am asking for those of you who are willing...would you please do an act of kindness in my grandmother’s name？It doesn’t have to be big. Just a small act of love. And comment to tell me about your act so it can be tracked by me along with the rest.
So far, we’ve had nearly 30 acts of kindness since I started a few days ago.You can go to my article, where I am making live updates each time I or someone else contributes an act of kindness. Please help me light up the world with goodness and kindness.You have no idea how overwhelming(无法抗拒的) and amazing it feels to read about these acts of kindness happening on behalf of my grandma each day. As Ralph Waldo Emerson once wrote. “You cannot do a kindness too soon, for you never know how soon it will be too late.” Let’s keep changing the world together.Thank you so much!
24. What does the author say about her grandmother?
A. She had a positive effect on the world.
B. She rarely did good when alive.
C. She was so great as to be remembered.
D. She died at the age of 92.
25. What does the author request people do?
A. Help others whenever it’s possible.
B. Give someone a hand in her grandma’s name.
C. Leave her some encouraging comments.
D. Read this community’s world­changing updates.
26. Why does the author mention Ralph Waldo Emerson’s words?
A. To call on people to do a kindness soon.
B. To remind people to think before they act.
C. To warn people not to do a kindness soon.
D. To advise people to speak louder than words.
27. What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage?
A. To contribute a big act of kindness.
B. To honor her grandmother.
C. To get help to realize her dream.
D. To share this community's updates.
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇随笔，作者希望大家以她奶奶的名义做一件好事，以达到要做92件善举的目标。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“I am writing to request help in reaching my goal of 92 acts of kindness—one for every year of her life.（我写信请求帮助，以实现我的92件善举的目标——她生命中的每一年都要做一件。）”可知，作者的奶奶去世时享年92岁，故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“I am asking for those of you who are willing...would you please do an act of kindness in my grandmother’s name？（我希望你们中那些愿意的人……你们能以我奶奶的名义做一件好事好吗?）”可知，作者请求人们以她奶奶的名义帮助他人，故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“As Ralph Waldo Emerson once wrote. “You cannot do a kindness too soon, for you never know how soon it will be too late.” Let’s keep changing the world together.（拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生曾经写道。“做好事越早越好，因为你永远不知道多快就会晚了。”让我们一起继续改变世界。）”可知，作者提到拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生的话是为了号召人们尽快做一件好事，故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“I am writing to request help in reaching my goal of 92 acts of kindness—one for every year of her life.（我写信请求帮助，以实现我的92件善举的目标——她生命中的每一年都要做一件。）”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是寻求帮助来实现她的梦想，故选C。
C
Over half of Tokyo’s residents don’t think the postponed 2020 Olympics should be held in 2021, backing either a further delay or complete cancellation because of fears for the coronavirus, according to a poll(民意调查) published on Monday.
The survey carried out by two Japanese news organizations is only a single data point, but comes after health experts warned that even a year’s delay may not be enough to hold the Games safely.
The poll found 51.7 percent of respondents hope the Games in 2021 are postponed again or canceled, while 46.3 percent want to see the rescheduled Olympics go ahead. Among those opposed to the 2021 Games, 27.7 percent said they want them canceled altogether, while 24 percent would prefer a second postponement.
The telephone poll, conducted by Kyodo News and Tokyo MX television between Friday and Sunday, received 1,030 replies. Of those who said they want to see the Games held in 2021, 31.1 percent said the event should be on a smaller scale, while 15. 2 percent said they want to see fully developed Olympics.
Tokyo 2020 was postponed in March as the coronavirus spread across the globe, causing the worst disruption(中断) to the Olympics since two editions were canceled during World War II. The Games are now scheduled to begin on July 23, 2021, although they will still be known as the Tokyo 2020 Olympics.
Officials from Japan and the International Olympic Committee(IOC) have warned that it will not be possible to postpone them again, and even the year-long delay has created significant financial and logistical(后勤的) headaches.
Earlier in June, the mayor of Tokyo Yuriko Koike told AFP that the rescheduled Olympics will be safe despite the coronavirus pandemic, promising to make a “120-percent effort” to ensure the first-ever postponed Games can go ahead. Koike has been heavily involved in preparations for the Games, traveling to Rio for the handover ceremony after the last Summer Olympics.
28. What can we learn about the poll from the text?
A. It lasted two days in total.
B. It was conducted by the IOC.
C. It was carried out on the phone.
D. It aimed to evaluate the safety of the Games.
29. Which is one of the results of the survey?
A. About 533 respondents don’t want to see the Games held in 2021.
B. There are more respondents hoping to delay the event rather than cancel it.
C. Over half of the respondents would like to see the delayed Games go ahead.
D. Some respondents support delaying the event because they need full-scale Olympics.
30. Why are the Games unlikely to be put off again according to the IOC?
A. The athletes are strongly opposed to it.
B. COVID-19 will be under control soon.
C. They have made full preparations for them.
D. It will be too costly to bear a second time.
31. What is Yuriko Koike’s attitude towards the Tokyo Olympics in 2021?
A. Disappointed. B. Optimistic.
C. Worried. D. Indifferent.
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一项民意调查，旨在调查东京市民对于2020东京奥运会因新冠肺炎爆发而推迟到2021年举行的决定所持的不同态度。日本官员和国际奥委会声称奥运会不可能再次推迟，因其会造成严重的财政和后勤问题，另一方面东京市长对2021奥运会抱有积极的态度。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“The telephone poll, conducted by Kyodo News and Tokyo MX television between Friday and Sunday, received 1,030 replies.(这项电话调查由共同社和东京MX电视台在上周五至周日期间进行，共收到了1030份回复。)”可知，民意调查是在电话中进行的。故选C项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段的第一句内容“The poll found 51.7 percent of respondents hope the Games in 2021 are postponed again or canceled, while 46.3 percent want to see the rescheduled Olympics go ahead.(调查发现，51.7%的受访者希望2021年奥运会再次推迟或取消，而46.3%的人希望看到重新安排的奥运会继续举行。)”可知，这次调查中51.7%的受访者希望2021年的奥运会取消或者再次推迟；再根据第四段的第一句内容“The telephone poll, conducted by Kyodo News and Tokyo MX television between Friday and Sunday, received 1,030 replies.(这项电话调查由共同社和东京MX电视台在上周五至周日期间进行，共收到了1030份回复。)”可知，这次调查总共收到1030份回复。因此可推算出不希望看到2021年奥运会举行的受访者人数为：1030×51.7% = 532.51≈533，A项“About 533 respondents don’t want to see the Games held in 2021.(大约533名受访者不想看到2021年举办奥运会。)”为该调查的结果。故选A项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段内容“Officials from Japan and the International Olympic Committee(IOC) have warned that it will not be possible to postpone them again, and even the year-long delay has created significant financial and logistical headaches.(日本官员和国际奥委会已经警告说，奥运会不可能再次推迟，即使是一年之久的推迟也造成了严重的财政和后勤问题。)”可知，推迟奥运会的举行会造成严重的财政和后勤问题，由此可知，再一次推迟的代价太大，这是奥运会不能再次被推迟的原因。故选D项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Earlier in June, the mayor of Tokyo Yuriko Koike told AFP that the rescheduled Olympics will be safe despite the coronavirus pandemic, promising to make a ‘120-percent effort’ to ensure the first-ever postponed Games can go ahead. Koike has been heavily involved in preparations for the Games, traveling to Rio for the handover ceremony after the last Summer Olympics.( 6月初，东京市长小池百合子告诉法新社，尽管冠状病毒大流行，但重新安排的奥运会将是安全的，并承诺做出“120%的努力”，以确保首次推迟的奥运会能够如期举行。小池百合子一直积极参与奥运会的筹备工作，在上一届夏季奥运会结束后前往里约热内卢参加交接仪式。)”可知，在东京市长看来，尽管冠状病毒大流行，但2021年举行奥运会是安全的，并承诺会做出120%的努力，她本人也一直在积极参与奥运会相关的筹备工作，由此推知东京市长对2021东京奥运会持积极乐观的态度。故选B项。
D
If Mars were the popular kid in school, Venus（金星）would be the unwelcome one sitting in the corner, largely ignored. Venus has nearly the same mass and size as Earth, but being closer to the sun, it gets nearly twice as much heat from the sun.
However, instead of having a climate that is just a warmer version of Earth’s, Venus’s surface and atmosphere are unbearable: clouds of sulphuric acid (硫酸) blanket the planet, while at ground level, it is hot enough to melt lead. Despite this, there is now a sign that Venus may harbour life.
Jane Greaves at Cardiff University, UK, and her colleagues recently detected phosphine (磷化氢)in Venus’s atmosphere, with one potential explanation that it is the by-product of biology. That is because the only way this gas is made on Earth is in laboratories or by microbes (微生物). Though this doesn't mean it was produced by life on Venus, attempts to find non-biological explanations for its presence have so far failed.
Our best way of confirming or rejecting the possibility of life on Venus is to go and have a proper look. While Mars has been the focus of interplanetary exploration efforts lately, the phosphine discovery lets people look at Venus in a new light. As NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine tweeted: “It’s time to prioritize Venus.”
In the months and years to come, computer simulations will be used to further study the possible chemistries of the atmosphere on Venus. More laboratory experiments will be conducted to try to identify other ways the phosphine there could be produced. However, there is no guarantee that these efforts will reveal the true nature of this substance on Venus. A newly-proposed strategy is to directly sample the atmosphere and surface of Venus. By doing so, we would be able to take direct measurements of phosphine.
The discovery of phosphine in Venus's atmosphere is a great accomplishment. The scientific efforts may be just what we need to finally refocus on this neglected world. Possibly, the quiet kid in the corner may get the last laugh.
32. Which description about Venus is not true?
A. It is almost as large as Earth.
B. It has nearly the same mass as Earth.
C. It has a warmer Earth-like climate.
D. It has the unbearable surface and atmosphere.
33. What can the discovery of phosphine on Venus indicate?
A. This kind of gas is very common.
B. There might exist signs of life.
C. Many products can be made with it.
D. Experiments were once conducted there.
34. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. The approaches to exploring phosphine.
B. The importance of observations.
C. The power of computer simulations.
D. The necessity to analyse phosphine.
35. Which can best describe the author’s attitude to the exploration of Venus?
A. Casual. B. Cautious. C. Supportive. D. Doubtful.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。随着磷化氢被发现在金星，科学家们相信金星上可能孕育着生命。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“However, instead of having a climate that is just a warmer version of Earth’s, Venus’s surface and atmosphere are unbearable: clouds of sulphuric acid (硫酸) blanket the planet, while at ground level, it is hot enough to melt lead.”（然而，金星的气候并不像地球那样温暖，金星的表面和大气层令人难以忍受: 硫酸云覆盖了整个行星，而在地面上，温度高到足以融化铅。）由此可知，C选项“金星有像地球一样温暖的气候”错误。故选C项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Despite this, there is now a sign that Venus may harbour life.”（尽管如此，现在有迹象表明金星可能孕育生命）根据第三段“Jane Greaves at Cardiff University, UK, and her colleagues recently detected phosphine (磷化氢)in Venus’s atmosphere, with one potential explanation that it is the by-product of biology.”（英国卡迪夫大学的简·格里夫斯和她的同事最近在金星的大气层中发现了磷化氢，一种可能的解释是，它是生物的副产品）由此可知，磷化氢的发现表明金星上可能有生命的迹象。故选B项。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段“In the months and years to come, computer simulations will be used to further study the possible chemistries of the atmosphere on Venus. More laboratory experiments will be conducted to try to identify other ways the phosphine there could be produced. However, there is no guarantee that these efforts will reveal the true nature of this substance on Venus. A newly-proposed strategy is to directly sample the atmosphere and surface of Venus. By doing so, we would be able to take direct measurements of phosphine.”（在未来的几个月和几年里，计算机模拟将被用来进一步研究金星大气可能的化学性质。将进行更多的实验室实验，试图确定生产磷化氢的其他方法。然而，不能保证这些努力会揭示金星上这种物质的真实性质。一个新提出的策略是直接对金星的大气层和表面进行取样。通过这样做，我们将能够直接测量磷化氢。）可知，第五段主要是关于探索磷化氢的方法。故选A项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The discovery of phosphine in Venus's atmosphere is a great accomplishment. The scientific efforts may be just what we need to finally refocus on this neglected world. Possibly, the quiet kid in the corner may get the last laugh.”（在金星大气中发现磷化氢是一项伟大的成就。科学努力可能正是我们最终重新关注这个被忽视的世界所需要的。也许，角落里安静的孩子会笑到最后。）由此判断出，作者对于探索金星持支持的态度。故选C项。
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Time and money are life's most valuable resources. One of the great laws of economics is that time equals money. The phrase “time is money“ is usually credited to Benjamin Franklin, who used it in an essay, Advice to a Young Tradesman, 1748.___36___ He encouraged people to treat time like money. However, most people think about time and money in vastly different ways.
___37___ Poor or rich, we all have 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Thus, each of us faces the choice of how to spend our time. In a world of scarcity, choosing one thing means not being able to do something else.
The value of time varies from person to person. Time is relatively scarce for people with higher incomes, partly because their time is more valuable. So, to have lots of time, rich people hire other people to do their household chores. ___38___
Time cannot be stored. One of the reasons we give little thought about how we use our limited resources is that we cannot save time. ___39___ You can’t bottle time and exchange it for an object or event. However, when people are made aware of their mortality they wonder if they did make the most of their lives.
In sum, time is anything but free. As a non-renewable resource, time is quite expensive. ___40___ Do we want to spend these precious moments on social media or spend that time learning something new? Skills and knowledge take time, so the more time you spend on them, the more you improve.
A. Time is our scarcest resource.
B. It means time is a valuable resource.
C. However, it cannot be bought at any price.
D. Time moves on whether we choose to spend it or not
E. Actually, time and money are greatly different from each other.
F. However, a non-working person may spend more time on household chores.
G. Knowing that time is limited encourages us to ask how we are using our time.
【答案】36. B 37. A 38. F 39. D 40. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要通过介绍时间的一些特性，告诉我们时间的宝贵，因而要把时间花在可以提升自我的事情上。
【36题详解】
根据上文“The phrase “time is money“ is usually credited to Benjamin Franklin, who used it in an essay, Advice to a Young Tradesman, 1748.(“时间就是金钱”这个短语通常被归功于本杰明·富兰克林，他在一篇文章《给一个年轻商人的建议》(1748年)中使用了它)”以及后文“He encouraged people to treat time like money. (他鼓励人们视时间如金钱)”可知，上文提到了“时间就是金钱”这句话的出处，后文则提到了作者想要表达的意识，可知本句承接上文继续说明“时间就是金钱”这句话的含义。故B选项“意思是时间是一种宝贵的资源”符合语境，故选B。
【37题详解】
根据后文“Poor or rich, we all have 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Thus, each of us faces the choice of how to spend our time. In a world of scarcity, choosing one thing means not being able to do something else.(无论贫富，我们都是一天24小时，一周7天。 因此，我们每个人都面临着如何度过时间的选择。在一个资源稀缺的世界里，选择一件事就意味着无法做另一件事)”可知，后文本段强调时间的稀缺，A选项中scarcest对应后文中scarcity。故A选项“时间是我们最稀缺的资源”符合语境，故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“The value of time varies from person to person. Time is relatively scarce for people with higher incomes, partly because their time is more valuable. So, to have lots of time, rich people hire other people to do their household chores. (时间的价值因人而异。对于收入较高的人来说，时间相对稀缺，部分原因是他们的时间更有价值。所以，为了有更多的时间，富人会雇人帮他们做家务)”可知，上文提到富人会雇别人来做家务，且本段强调了时间的价值因人而异，可知此处与上一句形成对比关系，F选项中household chores对应上文中household chores。故F选项“然而，一个不工作的人可能花更多的时间在家务上”符合语境，故选F。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Time cannot be stored. One of the reasons we give little thought about how we use our limited resources is that we cannot save time.(时间不能被储存。我们很少考虑如何使用我们有限的资源的原因之一是我们不能节省时间)”以及后文“You can’t bottle time and exchange it for an object or event.(你不能把时间装在瓶子里，用它来交换一个物体或事件)”可知，上文提到时间无法节约，也不能储存和交换，即无论我们选择花还是不花，时间都在流逝。故D选项“无论我们选择花还是不花，时间都在流逝”符合语境，故选D。
【40题详解】
根据上文“As a non-renewable resource, time is quite expensive.(作为一种不可再生资源，时间是非常昂贵的)”以及后文“Do we want to spend these precious moments on social media or spend that time learning something new?(我们是想把这些宝贵的时刻花在社交媒体上，还是花在学习新东西上面？)”可知，本句与后文并列，都是在用设问句对如何使用时间进行提问。故G选项“知道时间是有限的鼓励我们去问问我们是如何利用时间的”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节, 满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分, 满分30分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I understood Chinese cultures only seen on TV and in books but I made little headway learning Chinese.___41___，it did not matter. The patience, generosity and ___42___ of strangers left me pleasantly surprised with Beijing.
I ___43___ needed Chinese. On my birthday, for example, I was ___44___ in the city. Everyone I knew was out of town, so I decided to ___45___ a day of it myself. I went shopping. After three happy hours, I went confidently up to the ___46___ and for a minute, I ___47___ everyone spoke English.
But after ___48___ my items, the woman behind the counter spoke in Chinese, and all I could do was stare ___49___. I thought she was asking cash or card, so I pulled out some notes, but she ____50____ her head. We stood there for a few minutes ____51____ another cashier said, “A couple of your ____52____ are part of the sale and cannot be exchanged or ____53____ once bought.”
Another day, I went to the police station as I had lost my ____54____ in a foreign land. During that 20­minute talk, I realized the eagerness and ____55____ of people. Speaking in a mix of Chinese and English, the young police officer did all he could to put me ____56____. He knew that as foreigners we were nervous at the police station, so he smiled and spoke. In the end, the ____57____ took a couple of hours and the wallet did not ____58____ anymore. I had made a friend.
There are many ____59____ and unforgettable memories of getting by without ____60____，but perhaps without the friends’ help, Beijing may not have been so easy to navigate.
41. A. Lastly B. Thus C. However D. Instead
42. A. warmth B. efforts C. sacrifice D. promise
43. A. totally B. basically C. completely D. rarely
44. A. still B. alone C. only D. even
45. A. do B. need C. make D. cost
46. A. counter B. store C. exit D. hall
47. A. guessed B. recognized C. assumed D. guaranteed
48 A. pursuing B. showing up C. assessing D. ringing up
49. A. helplessly B. poorly C. quickly D. patiently
50. A. waved B. shook C. nodded D. hung
51. A. after B. as C. until D. for
52. A. purchases B. expenses C. supplies D. parcels
53. A. accepted B. canceled C. broken D. returned
54. A. car B. pack C. wallet D. key
55. A. wisdom B. kindness C. excitement D. happiness
56. A. for sure B. in place C. in order D. at ease
57. A. incident B. procedure C. question D. survey
58. A. return B. stay C. change D. matter
59. A. perseverant B. pleasant C. ambitious D. innovative
60. A. Chinese B. police officers C. cellphone D. cashiers
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. C 55. B 56. D 57. B 58. D 59. B 60. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一个外国人在北京的生活经历，朋友的帮助给他在北京的生活带来了便利和快乐。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并不重要。A. Lastly最后；B. Thus因此；C. However然而；D. Instead代替。通过下文“left me pleasantly surprised with Beijing”可推知，前后文语意应该是转折关系，故选However。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：陌生人的耐心、慷慨和温暖让我对北京感到惊喜。A. warmth温暖；B. efforts努力；C. sacrifice牺牲；D. promise承诺。根据上文“The patience, generosity”以及下文的“pleasantly”可推知，此处指陌生人的耐心、慷慨和温暖让作者对北京感到惊喜。故选A。
43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很少需要中文。A. totally完全；B. basically基本上；C. completely完全地；D. rarely很少。根据“but I made little headway learning Chinese.”可知，作者中文学得不好，由此推知他很少需要中文。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，在我生日那天，我独自一人在城里。A. still静止的；B. alone独自的；C. only仅有的；D. even相等的。根据下文“Everyone I knew was out of town”以及“myself”可推知，作者的朋友都不在城里，只有作者独自一人。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认识的每个人都不在城里，所以我决定自己痛痛快快玩一天。A. do做；B. need需要；C. make制造；D. cost花费。根据下文“After three happy hours”可推知，作者准备开心的玩一天。短语make a day of it意为“痛痛快快玩一天”。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：快乐地度过了三个小时后，我自信地走到柜台前等了一会儿，我以为每个人都说英语。A. counter柜台；B. store商店；C. exit出口；D. hall大厅。根据下文“the woman behind the counter spoke in Chinese,”可知，作者在柜台前等待。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：快乐地度过了三个小时后，我自信地走到柜台前等了一会儿，我以为每个人都说英语。A. guessed猜到；B. recognized认识；C. assumed以为；D. guaranteed保证。通过下文“the woman behind the counter spoke in Chinese, and all I could do was stare ___9___.”可推知，柜台的人都说中文，作者听不懂，所以此处应该是指他以为每个人都说英语。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查动词及短语词义辨析。句意：但扫码录入商品后，柜台后面的女人说中文，我只能无助地盯着。A. pursuing追求；B. showing up露面；C. assessing评价；D. ringing up把款项记入现金进出记录机。通过下文“my items”可推知，此处指作者将商品交给收银员扫码录入后。ring up翻译为：将（款项）输入现金出纳机。也就是我们熟悉的买东西时候的“扫码录入”。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但结账后，柜台后面的女人说中文，我只能无助地盯着。A. helplessly无助地；B. poorly糟糕地；C. quickly迅速地；D. patiently耐心地。根据上文“the woman behind the counter spoke in Chinese”以及下文“I thought she was asking cash or card”可推知，作者听不懂中文，收银员不会英文，所以作者只能很无助地盯着她。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为她要现金或信用卡，所以我拿出一些钞票，但她摇了摇头。A. waved挥动；B. shook摇动；C. nodded点头；D. hung挂。通过下文“We stood there for a few minutes”可推知，作者误解了收银员的意思，所以他们才在那儿站了好几分钟，短语shake one’s head意为“摇头”。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们在那里站了几分钟，直到另一个收银员说：“你买的东西中有几样是打折的，一旦买了就不能换货或退货。”A. after在……之后；B. as随着；C. until直到……为止；D. for因为。根据上文“We stood there for a few minutes”以及下文“another cashier said”可推知，此处指作者与收银员站在那里好几分钟，直到另一个收银员说话。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在那里站了几分钟，直到另一个收银员说：“你买的东西中有几样是打折的，一旦买了就不能换货或退货。”A. purchases购买；B. expenses花费；C. supplies供给；D. parcels包裹。根据“and cannot be exchanged or ___13___ once bought.”可知，这里指作者购买的东西。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在那里站了几分钟，直到另一个收银员说：“你买的东西中有几样是打折的，一旦买了就不能换货或退货。”A. accepted接受；B. canceled取消；C. broken打破；D. returned退还。结合常识和上文“A couple of your ___12___ are part of the sale and cannot be exchanged”可推知，作者买的东西中有几样是打折的，应该是一旦买了就不能换货或退货的。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有一天，我去了警察局，因为我在国外丢了钱包。A. car小汽车；B. pack包裹；C. wallet钱包；D. key钥匙。根据下文“In the end, the ___17___ took a couple of hours and the wallet did not ___18___ anymore.”可知，作者钱包丢了。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那20分钟的谈话中，我体会到了人们的热情和善良。A. wisdom智慧；B. kindness善良；C. excitement激动；D. happiness幸福。通过下文“He knew that as foreigners we were nervous at the police station, so he smiled and spoke”可推知，一个年轻的警察对作者十分友善。故选B。
【56题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：这位年轻的警官操着中英混合的语言，尽其所能让我放松。A. for sure确实；B. in place适当；C. in order整齐；D. at ease放松。通过上文“the young police officer did all he could to put me”以及下文“He knew that as foreigners we were nervous at the police station,”可推知，这个警察知道作者在警察局十分紧张，所以应该是尽他所能让作者放松。故选D。
【57题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，这个过程花了几个小时，钱包也不再重要了。A. incident事情；B. procedure过程；C. question问题；D. survey调查。根据“took a couple of hours”可知，这里指处理丢失钱包的过程。故选B。
【58题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，这个过程花了几个小时，钱包也不再重要了。A. return归还；B. stay待；C. change改变；D. matter妨碍、紧要。通过上文“the wallet did not”以及下文“anymore”和“I had made a friend. ”可推知，作者最后交了一个朋友，所以应该是认为钱包不再重要了。故选D。
【59题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有中文的日子，有很多美好难忘的回忆，但或许没有朋友们的帮助，北京也不是那么容易游历。A. perseverant 能坚持的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. ambitious有雄心的；D. innovative创新的。根据下文“unforgettable memories”可推知，作者认为没有中文的日子，也有很多令人愉快且难忘的回忆。故选B项。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有中文的日子，有很多美好难忘的回忆，但或许没有朋友们的帮助，北京也不是那么容易游历。A. Chinese中文；B. police officers警官；C. cellphone手机；D. cashiers出纳员。根据上文“I ___3___ needed Chinese.”可知，作者没有中文的日子也有很多美好难忘的回忆。故选A。
第Ⅱ卷（满分60分）
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We seem to be very familiar with teahouses. The function of a teahouse varies widely ___61___ （depend） on the culture. In China, a teahouse is a place ___62___ people gather to enjoy tea, chat and socialize. It ___63___ （consider） as a symbol of Chinese tea culture.
Chinese teahouses enjoy a long-standing history. They developed from tea stands in the Western Jin Dynasty, ___64___ （take） shape in the Tang Dynasty, developed ___65___ （gradual） in the Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties and became booming in modern times.
In the Song Dynasty, teahouses existed all over cities and villages, ___66___ a rate comparable with that of restaurants. The owners preferred to decorate their teahouses with paintings of celebrities（名人）and rare and precious plants ___67___ （attract） customers. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the number of teahouses went beyond that of restaurants, gaining more ___68___ （popular） and becoming more famous. Later, the acculturation（文化移入）of Western culture forced traditional Chinese teahouses to take on ___69___ new look. After reform and opening-up, teahouses flowered in China with the development of the economy and evident improvement of ____70____ （people） living standards.
【答案】61. depending
62. where 63. is considered
64. took 65. gradually
66. at 67. to attract
68. popularity
69. a 70. people's
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了代表中国茶文化的茶馆的作用及其发展历史。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：茶馆的功能根据文化的不同而有很大的变化。句子的谓语动词是varies，故depend用非谓语动词形式，depend与其逻辑主语The function之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填depending。
【62题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在中国，茶馆是人们聚集在一起喝茶、聊天和进行社交的地方。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a place，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
【63题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：它被看作中国茶文化的象征。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时态；it与consider之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语it是第三人称单数，故填is considered。
【64题详解】
考查时态。句意：它们从西晋茶摊发展而来，形成于唐代，在宋、元、明、清逐渐发展，在近代蓬勃发展。此处是并列的表示过去的谓语动词，与句中developed和became并列，用一般过去时，故填took。
【65题详解】
考查副词。句意：它们从西晋茶摊发展而来，形成于唐代，在宋、元、明、清逐渐发展，并在近代蓬勃发展。此处副词修饰动词developed作状语，故填gradually。
【66题详解】
考查介词。句意：宋代，茶馆遍布城乡，其发展速度与餐馆相当。rate多与介词at连用，at a rate表示“以……速度”，故填at。
【67题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了吸引顾客，茶馆的主人们更喜欢用名画和珍稀植物来装饰茶馆。分析可知，此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填to attract。
【68题详解】
考查名词。句意：明清时期，茶馆的数量已经超越了餐馆的数量，越来越受欢迎，也越来越出名。结合句意可知此处用名词作及物动词gain的宾语，popularity是不可数名词，故填popularity。
【69题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：后来，西方文化的引入迫使中国传统茶馆呈现出一个新的面貌。结合句意可知，此处意为“一种新面貌”，是泛指，应用不定冠词，又new是辅音音素开头，故填a。
【70题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：改革开放后，随着经济的快速发展和人民生活水平的明显提高，茶馆在中国遍地开花。此处是名词所有格修饰名词，故答案为people’s。
第三节 单词拼写 注意填写单词的正确形式(共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分)
71. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and ________ (财产)as well as their activities and achievements.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】possessions
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他们花钱请著名的艺术家来画他们自己、他们的房子和财产以及他们的活动和成就。“财产”是possession，由“houses”可知，空格处需用复数，故填possessions。
72. ________ (使信服) others of something is really a challenging task. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】Convincing
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：说服别人相信某事确实是一项具有挑战性的任务。“使信服”是动词convince，空格处用动名词convincing作主语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Convincing。
73. ________(赞助) by the bank, he finished school at last. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】Sponsored
【解析】
【详解】考查动词及非谓语。句意：在银行的资助下，他终于完成了学业。分析题意，根据中文提示“赞助”可知，sponsor符合题意。又因此处的逻辑主语he和提示词sponsor之间表示被动逻辑，故此处需用过去分词作状语表示被动。综上，故填Sponsored。
74. He slowed the bleeding by ______(使用, 应用) pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived. （根据中文提示填空）
【答案】applying
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他通过按压伤口来减缓出血，直到警察和救护车赶到。分析句子结构可知：设空处在句中作非谓语，设空处前为介词，故用动词的v-ing形式。故答案为applying。
75. Cars and factories give out ________ (有毒) gas every day. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】poisonous
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：汽车和工厂每天排放有毒气体。根据汉语提示可知，此处应填入形容词poisonous(有毒的)作定语，修饰名词gas，故填poisonous。

76. The teacher gave his________ (赞成)to us making a video to record our experiences at school. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】approval
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：老师同意我们制作录像带来记录我们在学校的经历。根据句意以及空格前的形容词性物主代词his可知，此处填入名词approval做动词gave的宾语，所以填approval。
77. Happiness comes from within your heart, not from your ________ (环境). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】surroundings
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：幸福来自你的内心，而不是你周围的环境。由“your”可知，此处的“环境”指“周围的环境”，是surroundings，故填surroundings。
78. His views vary ________ (不断) just like the variable weather. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】constantly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：他的观点就像多变的天气一样不断变化。根据句意和汉语提示可知，应填入副词constantly作状语，修饰谓语动词vary，意为“不断地变化”。故填constantly。
79. Listening is thus an active, not a passive behavior ________ (组成)of hearing, understanding and remembering. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】consisting
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。句意：因此，倾听是一种主动的行为，而不是由听、理解和记忆组成的被动行为。根据句意和汉语提示可知，应使用固定短语consist of作后置定语修饰名词behavior，用非谓语动词形式；动词短语consist of意为“由……组成”，不用于进行时态和被动语态，用作非谓语动词时只用现在分词形式。故填consisting。
80. One day with a basket of vegetables, he________ (宣布) to us that he was going to cook a delicious dish. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】announced
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：有一天，他带着一篮子蔬菜向我们宣布，他要做一道美味的菜。“宣布”是announce，由“One day”和后面的“was”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式announced，故填announced。
第四部分 写作（共两节；满分35分）
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)
81. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请您修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Peter,
I am more than delight to hear from you. You have asked me about the “save food and combat waste” activity, which is held all over our nation. Let me introduce it to you in detail.
As we all known, eating is an important part in our daily life. However, many people waste food with even realizing it. What’s more, there is a growing population in my country while our resource are limited, which makes it urgent to save food. Facing with such a serious situation, it is high time that we took action now and start small. To begin with, When we have dinner out in a restaurant, remember to order appropriate, and clean the plate,because small actions make big difference. In addition, we held various activities to remind citizens for the importance of the food.
Above all is some information about the activity “save food and combat waste.”
Li Hua
【答案】1delight→delighted
2.known→know
3.with→without
4.resource→resources
5.Facing→Faced
6.start→started
7.appropriate→appropriately
8.big前加a
9.for→of
10.删除all
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。作者在收到Peter来信后，关于“节约食物，减少浪费”活动进行回信。
【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：我非常开心收到你的来信。根据句子成分可知，I作句中主语，am作谓语，此处应用形容词作句中表语，修饰人，故将delight改为delighted。
2.考查动词时态。句意：众所周知，吃在我们日常生活中是一个重要的部分。根据句子成分可知，as引导定语从句，we作句中主语，此处应使用动词作谓语，为一般现在时，故将known改为know。
3.考查介词。句意：然而，许多人浪费食物，甚至没有意识到它。根据句意，与前面句子发生转折，表示的是没有意识到浪费食物的问题。故将with改为without。
4. 考查名词单复数。句意：此外，当我们资源有限的情况下，我们国家的人口日益增长，这就使得节约粮食迫在眉睫。此处指我们国家的资源，应使用复数形式。故将resource改为resources。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：面临这样一个严重的问题，现在到了我们该采取行动并且从小事做起的时候了。be faced with为固定短语，意为“面临”，而此处位于句首，作非谓语，应使用过去分词形式。故将Facing改为Faced。
6.考查动词时态。句意：面临这样一个严重问题，现在到了我们该采取行动并且从小事做起的时候了。it is high time that后要用虚拟语气，从句使用一般过去时。故将start改为started。
7.考查副词。句意：当我们在餐厅吃饭时，记得要适当地点餐，并且光盘，因为小的行动能起到很大的影响。根据句子结构，order为动词，此处应使用副词进行修饰。故将appropriate改为appropriately。
8.考查冠词及固定短语。句意：当我们在餐厅吃饭时，记得要适当地点餐，并且光盘，因为小的行动能起到很大的影响。make a difference为固定短语，意为“有影响”，big发音以辅音音素开头，故应在big前加a。
9.考查固定短语。句意：此外，我们举办多种多样的活动为提醒公民节约粮食的重要性。remind sb. of sth为固定短语，意为“提醒某人注意某事”。故将for改为of。
10.考查名词。句意：前述是关于“节约食物，减少浪费”活动的一些信息。根据句子结构可知，above为名词，在句中作主语，意为“前述”，而above all为固定短语，意为“最重要的是”，不符合语境。故将all删除。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
82. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Doris听说你市自从开展“创建全国文明城市”活动以来，城市面貌发生了较大的变化，为此来信向你询问相关情况。请根据所给要点提示给她回信：
1 .对于来信表示高兴；
2 .城市所发生的变化；
3 .你的感受。
参考词汇：全国文明城市National Civilized City
注意:1 .词数80左右；
2 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear Doris,
I’m more than glad to receive your letter asking about the activity of Establishing a National Civilized City. I'm willing to share something about it.
The activity aims to beautify the city and improve the quality of our life. Old streets are widened or rebuilt, which greatly eases traffic jams. Different kinds of flowers and trees are planted. Besides, more parks are built, where we can get much exercise.
Now we can enjoy all the comfort and convenience of the city. I love my city and sincerely invite you to come to see it someday.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Doris写回信，介绍自从开展“创建全国文明城市”活动以来，城市面貌的变化。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
目的是：aim to do→be aimed at
建立：build→set up
诚恳地：sincerely→earnestly
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： The activity aims to beautify the city and improve the quality of our life.
拓展句：The activity, which aims to beautify the city, improves the quality of our life.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Old streets are widened or rebuilt, which greatly eases traffic jams. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides, more parks are built, where we can get much exercise. (运用了where引导的定语从句)