2022阿克苏地区拜城县一中高一上学期期中考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022阿克苏地区拜城县一中高一上学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共28页。
拜城县第一中学2021-2022学年第一学期期中考试高一英语试卷
Ⅰ.阅读理解（共 20 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 40 分）
阅读下列短文，从所给的 A,B,C,D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to our school. You can do a lot of things here. Come and join us.
Timetable
Sunday 8:30---11:30
Personal Inventions
You can see many inventions by the students; you may also bring your own inventions.
Monday 19:00---21:00
Space and Man
Dr Thomas West
If you want to know more about the universe.
Wednesday 19:30---21:00
Modern Medicine
Mrs. Lucy Green
Would you like to know medical science?
Friday 18:30---21:00
Computer Science
Mr. Harry Morison from Harvard University(哈佛大学）
Learn to use Windows XP.
1. You may have a chance to introduce your inventions on ________.
A. Sunday B. Monday
C. Wednesday D. Friday
2. The person who teaches Computer Science is from ________.
A. Canada B. Australia
C. New Zealand D. America
3. You may learn something about an illness called TB from ________.
A. Dr. West B. Mr. Morison
C. Mrs. Green D. Mr. Thomas
4. If you want to learn something about satellites(卫星), you can go to the class from ________.
A. 8:30 to 11:30 on Sunday B. 19:00 to 21:00 on Monday
C. 19:30 to 21:00 on Wednesday D. 18:30 to 21:00 on Friday
B
On my first day of high school，I asked an eleventh-grader where my class was.And he told me it was “on the fourth floor，next to the pool.” I found out five minutes later that we don’t even have a fourth floor and there’s no pool either！Besides that，I didn’t have any trouble with the older kid.
I think the biggest difference between middle and high school is the homework load (工作量) and size of the school.I went from maybe fifteen minutes of homework a night to several hours，so I had to learn how to make full use of time！Our class size is around 550，but joining in clubs，sports，music，and other activities at school makes it easier to get to know people in every grade.
The best advice I can give about the years you spend in high school is to learn things for yourself，not just to get a good grade.There have been so many tests that I’ve prepared for the night before.I have gotten an A，and not remembered anything later.I’ve changed that this year，and I enjoy school so much more.Don’t take easy classes just to have a simple year.If you have a choice between chemistry and sports，the first will prove to be a lot more useful!
While drinking and smoking might be present in some middle schools，they’re also around in high schools.I have a lot of friends who promised they’d never drink or smoke，but are now partying every weekend.If you have “fun” and spend your nights wasted instead of studying，you will regret it when you’re applying for (申请) college.The“friends” who say you’re a loser for not partying are really not your friends at all.It’s hard to see your closest friends grow apart and go in different directions，but don’t follow their footsteps.Create your own path in life and make your own decisions.
5. What does the author think of high school?
A. It requires hard work.
B. There are very few activities.
C. It’s hard to meet new people there.
D. There isn’t enough time for homework.
6. The author advises high school students to________.
A. give up sports
B. choose useful classes
C. try their best to get good grades
D. get ready for tests the night before
7. The last paragraph mainly tells us________.
A. about the trouble caused by drinking and smoking
B. about the importance of making friends
C. not to go to any party in high school
D. not to lose ourselves in high school
C
If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life, new research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study, people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.
Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1,000 joggers (慢跑者)and non - joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a proper pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non - joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉). Over time, this can cause serious injuries.
Peter Schnohr, a researcher in Copenhagen, said, “If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy(寿命)，jogging a few times a week at a proper pace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary, and it may be harmful. “
The implications (暗示 ) of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi, yoga and walking may be better for us than “iron man events, triathlons and long - distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott, another researcher involved in the study, “You don't actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldn’t actually do too much”.
8. The underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “____“.
A. regular B. hard C. practical D. flexible
9. The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to_______ .
A. suggest giving up jogging B. show risks of doing sports
C. provide supportive evidence D. introduce the research process
10. According to the scientists, why is too much exercise harmful?
A. It may injure the heart and arteries. B. It can make the body tired out.
C. It will bring much pressure. D. It consumes too much energy.
11. What can be inferred from the text?
A. No exercise at all is the best choice. B. More exercise means a healthier life.
C. Marathons runners are least likely to die. D. Proper exercise contributes to good health.
D
Volunteering is one of the major wealth of any American city or town. People get together to help others less fortunate than themselves, or victims of a natural or man-made disaster. Since the start of our country this has been one of the noticeable features of our society.
Beginning in the Colonial Period and continuing down to today our country’s history is full of examples of people helping each other. Requiring high school students to take part in voluntary community service projects introduces them to this important part of our society. And while many students complain about this program at first, a large number of them find great individual(个人) satisfaction when they look back at the things they achieved.
Our son, who graduated in 2005, found that he enjoyed the time he spent with primary school students helping them with their reading. In some ways he became a hero to the young boys and girls he was spending time with, simply because he was a high school student and took the time to get to know them. By the end of his first year in the program he was looking forward to the next school year and a new group of kids. It was particularly satisfying when a child he had helped saw him some place in the community and remembered him.
Having high school students take part in required community service activities helps give them an important sense of belonging to the adult world. It also gives them first-hand experience in activities and situations they might not otherwise experience. And it shows them that they can make a valuable contribution towards the society with just a little effort and a few hours of their time.
12. What kind of feeling is expressed in Paragraph 1?
A. Surprise B. Doubt C. Concern D. Pride
13. The underlined “complain about” in Paragraph 2 has the same meaning as .
A. Think little of B. Look forward to C. Jump at D. Think highly of
14. What do we know about the author’s son?
A. He has been a volunteer for about one year.
B. He won much respect for his voluntary work.
C. He hoped the children he helped would remember him.
D. He felt pleased when he was recognized by other volunteers.
15. In paragraph 4 the author mainly discusses__________.
A. The benefits of required volunteering
B. The importance of first-hand experience
C. The requirements for being a volunteer
D. The responsibility of contributing to society
Ⅱ.七选五（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
New restaurants, galleries, temples and new architecture…These places are homes for people like us who live and work there. How would you want visitors to behave in your own home? Think about it.___16___There are many ways of doing this without sacrificing our own holiday.
Do your homework___17___Guides will help you when you get to site, but is that the best place to go? Is it popular only because the one-day tourist can see it easily or because it is really a worthwhile place to visit? You’d better check it out.
___18___Don’t go to your hotels for meals. Walk around, even if in the streets closest to your hotel. Eat in local restaurants.Talk to the locals. Learn a few in the local language and use them. You will surely get a smile from the hotel staff and street sellers .
Help preserve the sites. Most of the sites you visit may be visited by millions of people a year, so care needs to be taken to allow others to enjoy them as well. Some of these monuments are so old and fragile that they are sensitive to the touch of hands or bags and shows.___19___This way, you don’t encourage the use of those plastic bags that fly all over many sites.
And here’s the big one—good manners are nearly universal.___20___If that doesn’t sound like you, then give the world a break and stay home.
A. Experience the place.
B. Always have a cloth bag with you .
C. Read up on the places you want to visit.
D. Try to buy something from the local stores.
E. A good tourist is polite, positive and eco-sensitive.
F. We’ve cleaned up after ourselves and taken only good memories.
G. If we are good tourists, wherever we go, we try to make it a little better because of our visit.
Ⅲ.完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was 25 years old, I had a big dream in my mind. I wanted to travel around Africa with my ___21___. So I left my hometown with great confidence and ___22___ in Cape Town, not really sure what to do next. ___23___, before my trip actually started, I ___24___ a kind, old Nigerian man. He gave me the best travel ___25___ I had ever received: “BE LIKE A STUDENT ON YOUR WAY AROUND THE WORLD.”
It sounded ___26___, but it really changed my idea about traveling. He helped me ___27___ that travel is about learning and observing ___28___. It's far too easy to go into a (n) ___29___ country and believe your ways are better.
“But if you study, ask questions, and try to _____30_____ the locals, you'll have far richer _____31_____,” he promised me.
When I was on my tour way to Cancún, I was _____32_____ a tourist. I only stayed there for a week to see the _____33_____ and places of interest and then left. The culture didn't _____34_____ me. I left the cities and towns without really _____35_____ anyone or anything that existed in those places to which I had _____36_____ a visit.
This time, I made a promise to myself that I would be a _____37_____ traveler. After seven months of _____38_____ backpacking in Africa from Cape Town to Cairo, I realized that having a student-like mindset (思维模式) helped _____39_____ my trip and helped me learn a lot, which _____40_____ me more than any other trips ever did to me.
21. A. friend B. classmate C. backpack D. family
22. A. started B. ended C. settled D. arrived
23. A. Certainly B. Luckily C. Truly D. Sadly
24. A. met B. encouraged C. protected D. found
25. A. plan B. site C. tip D. choice
26. A. simple B. funny C. boring D. amazing
27. A. ignore B. remember C. mention D. realize
28. A. cultures B. events C. traditions D. destinations
29. A. strange B. old C. new D. interesting
30. A. hear from B. learn from C. depend on D. compete with
31. A. life B. dream C. imagination D. experience
32. A. just B. still C. already D. quite
33 A. pictures B. sights C. valleys D. mountains
34. A. upset B. shock C. disappoint D. attract
35. A. knowing B. seeing C. introducing D. doubting
36. A. hoped B. paid C. made D. done
37. A. hopeful B. cheap C. real D. proud
38. A. hurried B. successful C. full D. complete
39. A. enrich B. continue C. judge D. share
40. A. reminded B. woke C. educated D. satisfied
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题（共 70 分）
Ⅳ.语法填空（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
New research says nuts could be a ___41___(value), tasty and nutritious slimming aid. Researchers from Harvard University recommended that people replace a daily unhealthy snack with a small handful of nuts ___42___(slow) down weight gain. This is ___43___(especial) helpful for people as they get older. The researchers found that people who ate just 14g of nuts every day gained less weight ___44___those who ate another snack. The people who ate the nuts were less likely to become obese (肥胖的). However, the benefits to our weight could be quite small. ___45___(eat) nuts instead of chocolate and cakes could help prevent a weight gain of just 0.4 to 0.7kg over four years.
The researchers conducted a long-term study in which they looked at ___46___lifestyle of nearly 190,000 people for over two ___47___(decade). The participants in the research ___48___(divide) into three groups. They included more than 51,000 male health professionals aged 40 to 75, 121,700 nurses aged 35 to 55 and 16,686 nurses aged 24 to 44. Researchers asked the participants questions every four years about ___49___(they) weight, how often they ate nuts, and how often they exercised. A researcher said replacing less healthy foods with nuts might help reduce the weight gain ___50___ is common as we age, and might lower the chances of becoming obese.
Ⅴ.选词填空（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，共 20 分）
选词填空。
arguments；challenge；performance；explore；opportunity
exchange；impression；reflecting；description；apply

51. China began to ________ the South Pole in 1984.
52. Mrs. King is not satisfied with her daughter’s ________in the National Skating Competition.
53. My visit to Yunnan last year left a deep ________on me.
54. What makes you ________to our company for the job?
55. Li Nan once had an________to study abroad in England, but he missed it.
56. There have been lots of _________about his drinking.
57. With the white walls ________ the light, the room looks brighter.
58. The instructions give a detailed ________ of how to use the phone to take pictures.
59. We should be willing to ________ ideas and learn from others.
60. China faces the _________ of rapid aging.
Ⅵ.书面表达(满分 30 分)
61. 假定你是某中学高一学生李华，你的美国朋友 John 来信说想来你所在的城市——北京旅游，想让你介绍一下旅游景点，并希望你担任导游，他在信中还问及环境和交通问题，请在回信中解答。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2. 可适当增添细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 信的开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数；
4. 提示词：长城（the great wall)，紫禁城（the forbidden city），环境）environment)
Dear John，
I’m very glad that you will come to our city
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
LiHua

拜城县第一中学2021-2022学年第一学期期中考试高一英语试卷
Ⅰ.阅读理解（共 20 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 40 分）
阅读下列短文，从所给的 A,B,C,D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to our school. You can do a lot of things here. Come and join us.
Timetable
Sunday 8:30---11:30
Personal Inventions
You can see many inventions by the students; you may also bring your own inventions.
Monday 19:00---21:00
Space and Man
Dr. Thomas West
If you want to know more about the universe.
Wednesday 19:30---21:00
Modern Medicine
Mrs. Lucy Green
Would you like to know medical science?
Friday 18:30---21:00
Computer Science
Mr. Harry Morison from Harvard University(哈佛大学）
Learn to use Windows XP.
1. You may have a chance to introduce your inventions on ________.
A. Sunday B. Monday
C. Wednesday D. Friday
2. The person who teaches Computer Science is from ________.
A. Canada B. Australia
C. New Zealand D. America
3. You may learn something about an illness called TB from ________.
A. Dr. West B. Mr. Morison
C. Mrs. Green D. Mr. Thomas
4. If you want to learn something about satellites(卫星), you can go to the class from ________.
A. 8:30 to 11:30 on Sunday B. 19:00 to 21:00 on Monday
C. 19:30 to 21:00 on Wednesday D. 18:30 to 21:00 on Friday
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了学校里的一些课程，包括具体时间和课程内容。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章 “Sunday”的课程介绍和“You can see many inventions by the students; you may also bring your own inventions.(你可以看到学生们的许多发明；你也可以带上你自己的发明)”可知，你在周日的课程上有机会介绍你自己的发明。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Friday”的课程介绍“Computer Science”及“Mr. Harry Morison from Harvard University”可知，教电脑科学的Mr. Harry Morison来自哈佛大学，即来自美国。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Wednesday”部分中“Modern Medicine”和“Mrs. Lucy Green”可知，Mrs. Green女士任教现代医学课程，你可以从格林夫人那里了解一种叫结核病的疾病。故选C项。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Monday”的课程介绍“19:00—21:00”、“Space and Man”和“If you want to know more about the universe(宇宙).”可知，周一19:00—21:00的课程是关于宇宙和人类方面的知识，适合想要了解卫星的人参加。故选B项。
B
On my first day of high school，I asked an eleventh-grader where my class was.And he told me it was “on the fourth floor，next to the pool.” I found out five minutes later that we don’t even have a fourth floor and there’s no pool either！Besides that，I didn’t have any trouble with the older kid.
I think the biggest difference between middle and high school is the homework load (工作量) and size of the school.I went from maybe fifteen minutes of homework a night to several hours，so I had to learn how to make full use of time！Our class size is around 550，but joining in clubs，sports，music，and other activities at school makes it easier to get to know people in every grade.
The best advice I can give about the years you spend in high school is to learn things for yourself，not just to get a good grade.There have been so many tests that I’ve prepared for the night before.I have gotten an A，and not remembered anything later.I’ve changed that this year，and I enjoy school so much more.Don’t take easy classes just to have a simple year.If you have a choice between chemistry and sports，the first will prove to be a lot more useful!
While drinking and smoking might be present in some middle schools，they’re also around in high schools.I have a lot of friends who promised they’d never drink or smoke，but are now partying every weekend.If you have “fun” and spend your nights wasted instead of studying，you will regret it when you’re applying for (申请) college.The“friends” who say you’re a loser for not partying are really not your friends at all.It’s hard to see your closest friends grow apart and go in different directions，but don’t follow their footsteps.Create your own path in life and make your own decisions.
5. What does the author think of high school?
A. It requires hard work.
B. There are very few activities.
C. It’s hard to meet new people there.
D. There isn’t enough time for homework.
6. The author advises high school students to________.
A. give up sports
B. choose useful classes
C. try their best to get good grades
D. get ready for tests the night before
7. The last paragraph mainly tells us________.
A. about the trouble caused by drinking and smoking
B. about the importance of making friends
C. not to go to any party in high school
D. not to lose ourselves in high school
【答案】5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者结合自己的经历向高中生提了一些建议。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I think the biggest difference between middle and high school is the homework load (工作量) and size of the school. I went from maybe fifteen minutes of homework a night to several hours，so I had to learn how to make full use of time！（我认为初中和高中最大的区别是作业的负担和学校的规模。我从一个晚上十五分钟的作业时间变成了几个小时，所以我必须学会如何充分利用时间!）可知，进入高中，每晚要写几个小时的作业，作者觉得高中学习生活很辛苦，需要努力学习。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话“If you have a choice between chemistry and sports，the first will prove to be a lot more useful!（如果你要在化学和运动之间做出选择，前者将被证明更有用!）”可知，作者建议高中生选择有用的课程。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容，特别是“Create your own path in life and make your own decisions.”（走自己的人生道路，做自己的决定）可知，最后一段主要告诉我们在高中几年的学习生活中，不要迷失了自我。故选D。
C
If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life, new research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study, people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.
Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1,000 joggers (慢跑者)and non - joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a proper pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non - joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉). Over time, this can cause serious injuries.
Peter Schnohr, a researcher in Copenhagen, said, “If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy(寿命)，jogging a few times a week at a proper pace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary, and it may be harmful. “
The implications (暗示 ) of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi, yoga and walking may be better for us than “iron man events, triathlons and long - distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott, another researcher involved in the study, “You don't actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldn’t actually do too much”.
8. The underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “____“.
A regular B. hard C. practical D. flexible
9. The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to_______ .
A. suggest giving up jogging B. show risks of doing sports
C. provide supportive evidence D. introduce the research process
10. According to the scientists, why is too much exercise harmful?
A. It may injure the heart and arteries. B. It can make the body tired out.
C. It will bring much pressure. D. It consumes too much energy.
11. What can be inferred from the text?
A. No exercise at all is the best choice. B. More exercise means a healthier life.
C. Marathons runners are least likely to die. D. Proper exercise contributes to good health.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是议论文。研究表明那些从事的剧烈运动的人和根本不做运动的人死亡概率一样，这是因为剧烈运动会损害我们的心脏和动脉。适度的运动才有助于我们的健康。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。第一段If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life, new research may come as a shock可知，人们一般认为马拉松会帮助我们过上健康长寿的生活，但新的研究结果不是这样。那些从事的strenuous workout人和根本不做运动的人死亡可能性一样。可以推测“running marathons”是属于“strenuous 运动”。再根据第二段because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries可推测，strenuous exercise是指剧烈运动。 strenuous意为“高强度的，剧烈的，强烈的”。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。第二段中The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non- joggers（研究表明每周慢跑超过三次或时速超过7英里的人死亡率与非慢跑者相同），呈现研究数据提供证据，证明文章第一段提出的观点：做非常剧烈运动的人和根本不做运动的人死亡可能性一样。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉). Over time, this can cause serious injuries（科学家们认为这是因为剧烈运动会导致心脏和动脉的结构改变。随着时间的推移，这会造成严重的伤害）可知，运动过度可能会损伤我们的心脏和动脉。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第3段Anything more is not just unnecessary, and it may be harmful 和第4段Jacob Louis Marott 的观点And perhaps you shouldn’t actually do too much可知，如果目标是降低死亡风险和延长寿命，以适当的速度每周慢跑几次是合适的，不应该做太多的运动。适度的运动才对我们的健康有好处。故选D项。
D
Volunteering is one of the major wealth of any American city or town. People get together to help others less fortunate than themselves, or victims of a natural or man-made disaster. Since the start of our country this has been one of the noticeable features of our society.
Beginning in the Colonial Period and continuing down to today our country’s history is full of examples of people helping each other. Requiring high school students to take part in voluntary community service projects introduces them to this important part of our society. And while many students complain about this program at first, a large number of them find great individual(个人的) satisfaction when they look back at the things they achieved.
Our son, who graduated in 2005, found that he enjoyed the time he spent with primary school students helping them with their reading. In some ways he became a hero to the young boys and girls he was spending time with, simply because he was a high school student and took the time to get to know them. By the end of his first year in the program he was looking forward to the next school year and a new group of kids. It was particularly satisfying when a child he had helped saw him some place in the community and remembered him.
Having high school students take part in required community service activities helps give them an important sense of belonging to the adult world. It also gives them first-hand experience in activities and situations they might not otherwise experience. And it shows them that they can make a valuable contribution towards the society with just a little effort and a few hours of their time.
12. What kind of feeling is expressed in Paragraph 1?
A. Surprise B. Doubt C. Concern D. Pride
13. The underlined “complain about” in Paragraph 2 has the same meaning as .
A. Think little of B. Look forward to C. Jump at D. Think highly of
14. What do we know about the author’s son?
A. He has been a volunteer for about one year.
B. He won much respect for his voluntary work.
C. He hoped the children he helped would remember him.
D. He felt pleased when he was recognized by other volunteers.
15. In paragraph 4, the author mainly discusses__________.
A. The benefits of required volunteering
B. The importance of first-hand experience
C. The requirements for being a volunteer
D. The responsibility of contributing to society
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要举例说明了做志愿者的好处。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中信息“the major wealth of any American city or town(任何美国城市或城镇的主要财富)和one of the noticeable features of our society(我们社会的显著特征之一)”可知作者对于volunteer 的态度是肯定的，故选D。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。划线词所在的句子为让步状语从句， 主句部分“…a large number of them find great individual(个人的) satisfaction when they look back at the things they achieved.”提示很多人做志愿者有满足感，故判断划线词义与之相反。 Think little of 不以为然，对……评价很低，符合句意，故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段信息“In some ways he became a hero to the young boys and girls he was spending time with, simply because he was a high school student and took the time to get to know them. 在某种程度上，他成了和他在一起的男孩女孩的英雄，仅仅因为他是一个高中生且花时间去了解他们。”可知作者的儿子很受其他人的爱戴，故答案为B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段首句“Having high school students take part in required community service activities helps give them an important sense of belonging to the adult world.让高中生参加必要的社区服务活动，有助于他们对成人世界产生重要的归属感。”再结合后文“It also gives them first-hand experience… And it shows them that they can make a valuable contribution towards the society…”可知在最后一段中作者列举了做志愿者的好处，故答案为A。
Ⅱ.七选五（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
New restaurants, galleries, temples and new architecture…These places are homes for people like us who live and work there. How would you want visitors to behave in your own home? Think about it.___16___There are many ways of doing this without sacrificing our own holiday.
Do your homework___17___Guides will help you when you get to site, but is that the best place to go? Is it popular only because the one-day tourist can see it easily or because it is really a worthwhile place to visit? You’d better check it out.
___18___Don’t go to your hotels for meals. Walk around even if in the streets closest to your hotel. Eat in local restaurants.Talk to the locals. Learn a few in the local language and use them. You will surely get a smile from the hotel staff and street sellers .
Help preserve the sites. Most of the sites you visit may be visited by millions of people a year, so care needs to be taken to allow others to enjoy them as well. Some of these monuments are so old and fragile that they are sensitive to the touch of hands or bags and shows.___19___This way, you don’t encourage the use of those plastic bags that fly all over many sites.
And here’s the big one—good manners are nearly universal.___20___If that doesn’t sound like you, then give the world a break and stay home.
A. Experience the place.
B. Always have a cloth bag with you .
C. Read up on the places you want to visit.
D Try to buy something from the local stores.
E. A good tourist is polite, positive and eco-sensitive.
F. We’ve cleaned up after ourselves and taken only good memories.
G. If we are good tourists, wherever we go, we try to make it a little better because of our visit.
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要给我们介绍旅游中怎样做一个有素质的游客。
【16题详解】
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上句讲你希望访客在你自己的家里表现如何，下句讲在不牺牲我们自己的假期的情况下，有很多方法可以做到这一点。，空白处应把两句连接起来。G项If we are good tourists, wherever we go, we try to make it a little better because of our visit.如果我们是好的游客，无论我们去哪里，我们都会因为我们的访问而使举止端庄。符合语境。make it a little better对应doing this 。故选G.
【17题详解】
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要讲选择旅游地点的重要性，要提前选好。C项Read up on the places you want to visit.讲要仔细研读你想去的地方。符合语境。homework对应选项中的 places 。故选C.
【18题详解】
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要讲达到旅游地后要做的事，如选旅馆、饭店等。本空要求选标题，A项Experience the place.“体验这个地方”符合题意，起统领作用。故选A.
【19题详解】
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。下句讲不鼓励用塑料袋，B项Always have a cloth bag with you “随身带一个布袋。”符合语境。 have a cloth bag与下文的plastic bags是对比关系。故选B.
【20题详解】
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲一个普遍的重要的礼貌问题，E项good tourist is polite, positive and eco-sensitive.好的游客是有礼貌的，积极的和对生态敏感的。选项具体说明游客的综合素养。good manners 呼应A good tourist。故选E。
Ⅲ.完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was 25 years old, I had a big dream in my mind. I wanted to travel around Africa with my ___21___. So I left my hometown with great confidence and ___22___ in Cape Town, not really sure what to do next. ___23___, before my trip actually started, I ___24___ a kind, old Nigerian man. He gave me the best travel ___25___ I had ever received: “BE LIKE A STUDENT ON YOUR WAY AROUND THE WORLD.”
It sounded ___26___, but it really changed my idea about traveling. He helped me ___27___ that travel is about learning and observing ___28___. It's far too easy to go into a (n) ___29___ country and believe your ways are better.
“But if you study, ask questions, and try to _____30_____ the locals, you'll have far richer _____31_____,” he promised me.
When I was on my tour way to Cancún, I was _____32_____ a tourist. I only stayed there for a week to see the _____33_____ and places of interest and then left. The culture didn't _____34_____ me. I left the cities and towns without really _____35_____ anyone or anything that existed in those places to which I had _____36_____ a visit.
This time, I made a promise to myself that I would be a _____37_____ traveler. After seven months of _____38_____ backpacking in Africa from Cape Town to Cairo, I realized that having a student-like mindset (思维模式) helped _____39_____ my trip and helped me learn a lot, which _____40_____ me more than any other trips ever did to me.
21. A. friend B. classmate C. backpack D. family
22. A. started B. ended C. settled D. arrived
23. A. Certainly B. Luckily C. Truly D. Sadly
24. A. met B. encouraged C. protected D. found
25. A. plan B. site C. tip D. choice
26. A. simple B. funny C. boring D. amazing
27. A. ignore B. remember C. mention D. realize
28. A. cultures B. events C. traditions D. destinations
29. A. strange B. old C. new D. interesting
30. A. hear from B. learn from C. depend on D. compete with
31. A. life B. dream C. imagination D. experience
32. A. just B. still C. already D. quite
33. A. pictures B. sights C. valleys D. mountains
34. A. upset B. shock C. disappoint D. attract
35. A. knowing B. seeing C. introducing D. doubting
36. A. hoped B. paid C. made D. done
37. A. hopeful B. cheap C. real D. proud
38. A. hurried B. successful C. full D. complete
39. A. enrich B. continue C. judge D. share
40. A. reminded B. woke C. educated D. satisfied
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了想环游非洲的作者在遇到一位老人后改变了自己对旅游的看法。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想背着我的背包环游非洲。A.friend 朋友；B.classmate 同学；C.backpack背包；D.family 家庭。根据下文“After seven months of 18 backpacking in Africa from Cape Town to Cairo...(从开普敦到开罗,在非洲徒步旅行了七个月之后)”可知，是带着背包。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我满怀信心地离开了家乡, 来到了开普敦, 不知道接下来该怎么办。A.started开始, 出发；B.ended结束；C.settled定居, 解决；D.arrived 到达。根据空格前“ I left my hometown ”以及上下文“in Cape Town”可知，作者到达了开普敦。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是, 在我真正开始旅行之前我遇到了一个善良的尼日利亚老人。A.Certainly当然；B.Luckily幸运的是；C.Truly真正地；D.Sadly悲伤地。根据下文“ He gave me the best travel 　5 I had ever received: “BE LIKE A STUDENT ON YOUR WAY AROUND THE WORLD(他给了我最好的旅行建议：“像个学生一样环游世界。”).”可知，作者认为能遇到这个老人很幸运。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是, 在我真正开始旅行之前我遇到了一个善良的尼日利亚老人。A.met遇见；B.encouraged鼓励；C.protected保护；D.found发现。根据下文“He gave me the best travel 　　　　　　　 I had ever received”可知，作者遇到了一位善良的老人。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给了我最好的旅行建议：“像个学生一样环游世界。”A.plan计划；B.site地点；C.tip建议；D.choice选择。根据后半句引号中的话“BE LIKE A STUDENT ON YOUR WAY AROUND THE WORLD.””可知，这是老人给的建议。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听起来很简单, 但它真的改变了我对旅行的看法。A.simple简单的；B.funny滑稽的；C.boring烦人的；D.amazing令人惊讶的。根据空格后并列连词“but”可知，老人的建议听起来简单，但是改变了作者对旅游的看法。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他让我意识到旅行是学习和观察文化的过程。A.ignore忽视；B.remember记住；C.mention提到；D.realize意识到。根据上句“changed my idea about traveling. ”可知，老人帮助作者意识到了旅游的真正目的。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他让我意识到旅行是学习和观察文化的过程。A.cultures文化；B.events事件；C.traditions传统；D.destinations目的地。根据下文“The culture didn't 　14 me(文化吸引不了我)”。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：进入一个新的国家, 相信自己的生活方式更好, 这太容易了。A.strange奇怪的, 陌生的；B.old旧的；C.new新的；D.interesting有趣的。根据上文“Cape Town”可知，作者是到了一个新的国家。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是如果你学习, 问问题, 努力向当地人学习, 你会有更丰富的经验。A.hear from收到……的来信；B.learn from向……学习；C.depend on依靠；D.compete with与……竞争。根据“you study, ask questions,”可知，这里指的是向当地人学习。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是如果你学习, 问问题, 努力向当地人学习, 你会有更丰富的经验。A.life生命, 生活；B.dream梦想；C.imagination想象；D.experience经验, 经历。根据常识可知，如果你学习, 问问题, 努力向当地人学习, 你会有更丰富的经验。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我在我去Cancún的巡演路上,我只是个游客。A.just仅仅, 只是；B.still一直, 仍然；C.already已经；D.quite很, 非常。根据空格后“I only stayed there for a week to see the __13___ and places of interest and then left.(我只在那里呆了一个星期, 看看风景和名胜, 然后就离开了)”可知，作者当时仅仅只是一名游客。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只在那里呆了一个星期, 看看风景和名胜, 然后就离开了。A.pictures图画, 照片；B.sights风景, 景象；C.valleys山谷；D.mountains山。根据空格后内容“places of interest ”可知，这里指作者旅游时只看看风景。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：文化吸引不了我。A：upset使不安；B：shock使震惊；C：disappoint使失望；D：attract吸引。根据上文“I only stayed there for a week to see the __13___ and places of interest and then left.(我只在那里呆了一个星期, 看看风景和名胜, 然后就离开了)”以及下文“I left the cities and towns without really ____15____ anyone or anything that existed in those places to which I had ____16____ a visit.(我离开了城镇, 却不了解存在于那些我去到过的地方的任何人或任何事)”可知，作者旅游时只是走马观花并没有被当地的文化吸引。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我离开了城镇, 却不了解存在于那些我去到过的地方的任何人或任何事。A.knowing知道，了解；B.seeing看见, 看到；C.introducing介绍；D.doubting怀疑。根据上文可知，作者只是看看风景就离开了，对于他去到过的这些地方并不了解。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我离开了城镇, 却不了解存在于那些我去到过的地方的任何人或任何事。A.hoped希望；B.paid支付；C.made制造, 使；D.done做。根据“ those places”可知，pay a visit to …...表示“去某地”。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一次, 我向自己保证, 我会成为一个真正的旅行者。A.hopeful充满希望的；B.cheap便宜的；C.real真正的；D.proud骄傲的, 自豪的。根据上文“I left the cities and towns without really ____15____ anyone or anything that existed in those places to which I had ____16____ a visit.(我离开了城镇, 却不了解存在于那些我去到过的地方的任何人或任何事)”可知，作者以前只是走马观花的旅游，这次想要做一个真正的旅行者。故选C。
38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从开普敦到开罗，在非洲徒步旅行了七个月之后,我意识到有一个学生般的心态, 帮助我继续我的旅行, 并帮助我学到了很多, 这让我想起了以前任何一次旅行。A.hurried匆匆的；B.successful成功的；C.full满满的；D.complete完整的。根据后半句“ from Cape Town to Cairo”可知，作者的这次旅行是成功的。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从开普敦到开罗, 在非洲徒步旅行了七个月之后,我意识到有一个学生般的心态, 丰富了我的旅行, 并帮助我学到了很多, 这让我比以前任何一次旅行都感到满意。A.enrich丰富；B.continue继续；C.judge判断；D.share分享。根据空格后“and helped me learn a lot”以及语境可知，带着学生的思维模式去旅行，多与当地人沟通和交流，这帮助作者丰富了旅程。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从开普敦到开罗, 在非洲徒步旅行了七个月之后,我意识到有一个学生般的心态, 丰富了我的旅行, 并帮助我学到了很多, 这让我比以前任何一次旅行都感到满意。A.reminded提醒；B.woke醒来；C.educated教育；D.satisfied使满意。根据上半句中“helped ____19___ my trip and helped me learn a lot,”可知，作者对这次旅行很满意。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题（共 70 分）
Ⅳ.语法填空（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
New research says nuts could be a ___41___(value), tasty and nutritious slimming aid. Researchers from Harvard University recommended that people replace a daily unhealthy snack with a small handful of nuts ___42___(slow) down weight gain. This is ___43___(especial) helpful for people as they get older. The researchers found that people who ate just 14g of nuts every day gained less weight ___44___those who ate another snack. The people who ate the nuts were less likely to become obese (肥胖的). However, the benefits to our weight could be quite small. ___45___(eat) nuts instead of chocolate and cakes could help prevent a weight gain of just 0.4 to 0.7kg over four years.
The researchers conducted a long-term study in which they looked at ___46___lifestyle of nearly 190,000 people for over two ___47___(decade). The participants in the research ___48___(divide) into three groups. They included more than 51,000 male health professionals aged 40 to 75, 121,700 nurses aged 35 to 55 and 16,686 nurses aged 24 to 44. Researchers asked the participants questions every four years about ___49___(they) weight, how often they ate nuts, and how often they exercised. A researcher said replacing less healthy foods with nuts might help reduce the weight gain ___50___ is common as we age, and might lower the chances of becoming obese.
【答案】41. valuable
42. to slow
43. especially
44. than 45. Eating
46. the 47. decades
48. were divided
49. their 50. that/which
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究结果：食用少量的坚果来替代不健康的零食有助于减缓体重的增加。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：新的研究表明，有益的、美味的、有营养的坚果过可能是减肥的好帮手。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词，valuable有价值的，有益的。故填valuable。
【42题详解】
考查不定式做目的状语。句意：研究人员建议用少量的坚果替代不健康的零食以减缓体重的增加。根据句意可知，此处为目的状语。故填to slow。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：这对于那些正在变老的人来说尤其有帮助。此处为副词修饰形容词，especially尤其，特别。故填especially。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：研究人员发现每天仅吃15克坚果的人比吃其他零食的人体重增加的要少一些。根据句意，并结合前面的比较级less可知，此处应用than。故填than。
【45题详解】
考查动名词作主语。句意：吃坚果而不是巧克力和蛋糕有助于阻止体重的增加。分析句子结构可知本句缺少主语，因此应用动名词做主语。故填Eating。
【46题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们观察了接近19万人的生活方式超过二十年。此处应用定冠词the，特指19万人的生活方式。故填the。
【47题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：他们观察了接近19万人的生活方式超过二十年。decade为可数名词，且前面有数字two,故填decades。
【48题详解】
考查一般过去式的被动语态。句意：研究的参与者被分成了三组。根据句意可知应用被动语态，be divided into“被分成......”且此处是叙述过去发生的事情。故填were divided。
【49题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：研究人员每四年问一次参与者有关体重的问题，他们吃坚果的频率以及锻炼的频率。此处为形容词性物主代词作定语修饰weight。故填their。
【50题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：一名研究人员说用坚果取代不太健康的食物有助于减少体重的增加，体重的增加随着我们变老是很普遍的。分析句子可知此处为定语从句，修试先行词weight gain，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
Ⅴ.选词填空（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，共 20 分）
选词填空。
arguments；challenge；performance；explore；opportunity
exchange；impression；reflecting；description；apply

51. China began to ________ the South Pole in 1984.
52. Mrs. King is not satisfied with her daughter’s ________in the National Skating Competition.
53. My visit to Yunnan last year left a deep ________on me.
54. What makes you ________to our company for the job?
55. Li Nan once had an________to study abroad in England, but he missed it.
56. There have been lots of _________about his drinking.
57. With the white walls ________ the light, the room looks brighter.
58. The instructions give a detailed ________ of how to use the phone to take pictures.
59. We should be willing to ________ ideas and learn from others.
60. China faces the _________ of rapid aging.
【答案】51. explore
52. performance
53. impression
54. apply 55. opportunity
56. arguments
57. reflecting
58. description
59. exchange
60. challenge
【解析】
【51题详解】
考查动词。句意：中国从1984年开始探索南极。根据后文the South Pole in 1984以及句意“探索”可知应填动词explore，且上文为短语begin to do sth.。故填explore。
【52题详解】
考查名词。句意：金太太对女儿在全国滑冰比赛中的表现不满意。根据后文in the National Skating Competition以及句意“表现”可知应填名词performance，此处为不可数名词。故填performance。
【53题详解】
考查名词。句意：去年的云南之行给我留下了深刻的印象。根据上文My visit to Yunnan last year left a deep以及句意“印象”可知应填名词impression，作宾语，冠词提示用单数。故填impression。
【54题详解】
考查动词。句意：你为什么向我们公司申请这份工作？根据后文to our company for the job以及句意“申请”可知应填动词apply，此处为短语make sb. do sth.。故填apply。
【55题详解】
考查名词。句意：李南曾经有机会到英国留学，但他错过了。根据后文to study abroad in England, but he missed it以及句意“机会”可知应填名词opportunity，作宾语，冠词提示用单数。故填opportunity。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：关于他的酗酒问题有很多争论。根据后文about his drinking以及句意“争论”可知应填名词argument，且由lots of修饰应用复数形式。故填arguments。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：白色的墙壁反射光线，房间看起来更明亮了。根据后文the light, the room looks brighter以及句意“反射”可知应填动词reflect，且此处为with的复合结构，reflect与the white walls构成主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。故填reflecting。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：说明书详细描述了如何使用手机拍照。根据后文of how to use the phone to take pictures以及句意“描述”可知应填名词description，作宾语，冠词提示用单数。故填description。
【59题详解】
考查动词。句意：我们应该乐于交流思想，向别人学习。根据后文ideas and learn from others以及句意“交换”可知应填动词exchange，且此处为短语be willing to do sth.。故填exchange。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国正面临着快速老龄化的挑战。根据后文of rapid aging以及句意“挑战”可知应填名词challenge，此处为特指应用单数形式。故填challenge。
Ⅵ.书面表达(满分 30 分)
61. 假定你是某中学高一学生李华，你的美国朋友 John 来信说想来你所在的城市——北京旅游，想让你介绍一下旅游景点，并希望你担任导游，他在信中还问及环境和交通问题，请在回信中解答。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2. 可适当增添细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 信的开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数；
4. 提示词：长城（the great wall)，紫禁城（the forbidden city），环境）environment)
Dear John，
I’m very glad that you will come to our city.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
LiHua
【答案】Dear John,
I'm very glad that you'll come to our city. I will act as your guide during your stay here.
There are many places of interest in and around Beijing City, such as the Great Wall, one of the Seven Wonders in the world and the Forbidden City, which has a history of over six hundred years. There we can enjoy delicious food, traditional cultures and customs.
As for the environmental problems, the government has taken strong measures to protect the environment. For example, restricting the number of private cars and encouraging public buses and subway not only prevent the traffic jam but also greatly benefit the environment.
I really wish you a pleasant stay here.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给John回信，介绍北京的旅游景点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
许多：a lot of→many
采取措施做某事：take actions to do sth.→take measures to do sth.
美味的：tasty→delicious
高兴的：happy→glad
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As for the environmental problems, the government has taken strong measures to protect the environment.
拓展句：The government has taken strong measures to protect the environment so that we can deal with the environmental problems.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I'm very glad that you'll come to our city. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2]There are many places of interest in and around Beijing City, such as the Great Wall, one of the Seven Wonders in the world and the Forbidden City, which has a history of over six hundred years. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)