2022-2023学年四川省泸州市泸县一中高二（上）期中英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2022-2023学年四川省泸州市泸县一中高二（上）期中英语试卷（含答案解析），共18页。试卷主要包含了每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；，【答案】A、C、C、D，【答案】D、B、B、D，【答案】D、A、C、G、E，that改为which，that改为it，vast改为vastly等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年四川省泸州市泸县一中高二（上）期中英语试卷

A
    Journalists are the professionals(专业人士) that are responsible for bringing all up-to-date information to readers from every comer of the world. By delivering their voice, many famous journalists have earned worldwide fame.
    Joseph Pulitzer
    According to Joseph Pulitzer, if a nation can be seen as a large ship at sea, the journalists are its watchkeepers who report hidden dangers to make sure the safe journey of the ship. He worked for the St. Louis Post-Dispatch and The World. He is known to the world as the "Grandfather of Modern Journalism".
    Margaret Bourke White
    Margaret Bourke-White is known as the first female war journalist and a skilled photo-journalist. She did some outstanding work by creating a photographic record of World War and the Great Depression. She was the only photo-journalist who was permitted to work in combat zone by the US army to report the war.
    Carl Bernstein
    Carl Bernstein is one of the most famous American investigative journalist, and he has proved the saying,"The pen is more powerful than sword". Carl worked with another great journalist Bob Woodward at The Washington Post. They brought about a revolution in the US by working together on the Watergate scandal(丑闻), which led to President Richard Nixon's resignation. This let The Washington Post receive a Pulitzer Prize for Public Service in1973.
    Anna Quindlen
    Anna Quindlen's love for journalism gave her a kick-start from her high school where she worked for her high school paper. Later, she went on to write interesting and in demand columns(专栏) like "Hers", "Public and Private" and many more for The New York Times, which won her the Pulitzer Prize in 1992.This is the reason why she is known as the "Voice of the Baby Boomers".
1. Who has contributed most to modern journalism?
A. Joseph Pulitzer. B. Margaret Bourke-White.
C. Carl Bernstein. D. Anna Quindlen.
2. How many female journalists does the text mention in all?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
3. In which section of a newspaper may this passage appear?
A. Science. B. Entertainment. C. Figure. D. Service.
B
George Prochnik would like the world to put a sock in it．He makes his case in a new book．Listening for meaning in it World of Noise．Here he explain himself （using his voice）；
"We've become so accustomed to noise，there's almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial，if you tell someone to be quiet，you sound like an old man．But it's never been important to find continuing quiet，Silence focuses us，improves our health，and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction．"
"We need to excite people about the sounds you start to hear，if you merely quiet things down a little，During a Japanese tea ceremony，the smallest sounds become a kind of art the spoons making a light ringing sound on a bowl，the edges of a kimono（和服）brushing against the floor．
"Deaf people are very attentive（专注的） in almost every aspect of life．If two deaf people are walking together，using sign language，they constantly watch out for each other and protect each other by paying steady attention to the other．They are connected yet also fully aware of their surroundings，Even deaf teenagers!We in the hearing world can learn from them．If we remove the powerful blasts（一阵阵）of noise．we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around us---of little soft sounds and the sound of footsteps，of bind songs and ice cracking（开裂声），it's astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen.."
4. What does the phrase"to put a sock in it"in Paragraph 1 probably mean ______ ？
A. to be quiet B. to be colorful
C. to be full of love D. to be attentive to someone
5. What does Proehnik say about us？ ______
A. We are used to quietness
B. We have to put up with noise
C. We do not think silence to be beneficial
D. We do not believe lasting peace to be available
6. Which of the following is true according to Proehnik？ ______
A. We need more sounds in our lives.
B. There is nothing to be learned from the deaf
C. We are not aware how rich the world around us is.
D. There is too much noise at Japanese tea ceremony.
7. It can be inferred from the text that ______ .
A. we can benefit a lot from old people
B. it is a good idea to use sign language
C. there is no escape from the world of sound
D. it is possible to find how beautiful things sound
C
Almost every day we come across situations in which we have to make decisions one way or another.Choice，we are given to believe，is a right.But for a good many people in the world，in rich and poor countries，choice is a luxury，something wonderful but hard to get，not a right.And for those who think they are exercising their right to make choices，the whole system is merely an illusion，a false idea created by companies and advertiser，hoping to sell their products.
The endless choice gives birth to anxiety in people's lives.Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple.Easy access to a wide range of everyday goods leads to a sense of powerlessness in many people，ending in the shopper giving up and walking away，or just buying an unsuitable item that is not really wanted.Recent studies in England have shown that many electrical goods bought in almost every family are not really needed.More difficult decision-making is then either avoided or trusted into the hands of the professionals，lifestyle instructors，or advisors.
It is not just the availability of the goods that is the problem，but the speed at which new types of products come on the market.Advances in design and production help quicken the process.Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to replace them within a short time.The typical example is smart phones，which are almost out-of-date once they are bought.This indeed makes selection a problem.Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one thing；no choice，no anxiety.
8. What does the author try to argue in Paragraph 1？ ______
A. The exercise of rights is a luxury.
B. The practice of choice is difficult.
C. The right of choice is given but at a price.
D. Choice and right exist at the same time.
9. Why do more choices of goods give rise to anxiety？ ______
A. Professionals find it hard to decide on a suitable product.
B. People are likely to find themselves overcome by business persuasion.
C. Shoppers may find themselves lost in the broad range of items.
D. Companies and advertisers are often misleading about the rage of choice.
10. What does the author want to prove by using smart phones as an example？ ______
A. Advanced products meet the needs of people.
B. Products of the latest design flood the market.
C. Competitions are fierce in high-tech industry.
D. Everyday goods need to be replaced often.
11. What is this passage mainly about？ ______
A. The helplessness in purchasing decisions.
B. The variety of choices in modern society.
C. The opinions on people's right in different countries.
D. The problems about the availability of everyday goods.
D
A University College London study looked at car use to conclude that cities have to become car-free to survive.Simply put，if we don't reduce the number of cars in our cities then they will just completely and stop moving.
The study notes the number of cars is actually increasing faster than that of people.In 2019，80 million cars were built while the population increased by 78 million.And the mass production of those cars was responsible for 4% of global carbondioxide（CO2）emissions（排放），which is bigger than aviation （航空） and that's before you even fuel them up.
The study authors construct a mathematical model，and residents choose driving their car or taking public transport on the basis of the time it takes to do the trip. "All individuals decide their commuting（通勤）mode trying to reduce their costs，but the result is the overall worst-case situation，where the average commuting time is longer and all people decide to use their car." write the authors of the study.
Besides，policymakers tend to construct even more car infrastructure（基础设施）and invest even more in private cars，which then encourages more private vehicle use and results in even more traffic jams.
Possible solutions have to be actively encouraged，with more travel options，plus local shops and services.Also，increasing the costs could be achieved by reducing the space devoted to cars，with more public transport lanes，wider sidewalks，and pedestrian（步行者）roads，for example.
Dr.Humberto，one author of the study said："If our goal is to have more liveable and developed cities then we must take part of this land and give it to other modes of transportation：walking，cycling and public transport."
12. Which of the following can replace the underlined words "clog up" ？ ______
A. Turn down. B. Break down. C. Make troubles. D. Get stuck.
13. What can we infer from the numbers in Paragraph 2？ ______
A. The number of cars is larger than population.
B. Car production creates moreCO2 than aviation.
C. CO2 emission is rarely affected by car production.
D. GlobalCO2 emission is more serious than expected.
14. What result do study authors get from their model？ ______
A. It is hard for people to keep a balance.
B. It takes more time to drive cars to work.
C. More cars can be used to save time.
D. Driving cars can keep the cost down.
15. What can be a possible way to reduce car use？ ______
A. Building parking lots. B. Saving land for cars.
C. Producing less cars. D. Riding a bus to work.
Family conflict affects everyone. (1) ，you may want to mediate（调解） to make everyone's life easier.It's worth it to try to smooth things over.
● (2) .It can be difficult to look at family situations objectively，so before trying to mediate disagreements，make sure you look at all sides of the argument.While you shouldn't take sides when trying to mediate，you don't want anymore to think you are overlooking their point of view.Take some time to think about why everyone feels wronged or hurt in a situation.
●Encourage everyone to control their feelings.It's not uncommon for tensions to run high when discussing family conflict. (3) .Try to control the emotional outbursts as much as you can.While everyone has a right to their personal feelings，make it clear these feelings must be expressed in an appropriate，productive way.
●Try hard for forgiveness.Even if you were not directly involved in the argument，you are probably affected by the atmosphere in some way.Choose forgiveness.Remember，you can't control someone else's actions but you can control your own response.You can also encourage other family members to forgive. (4) .
●Work on fixing the relationships. (5) ，you can offer suggestions how family members could better treat one another in the future.Think about what has been said during mediation.Look for areas where change is needed.You should also agree to work actively on letting go of the conflict.For example， "for the next couple of months，let's agree not to bring this up."

A.Think about everyone's view
B.Have a healthy discussion
C.There may be times when people get sensitive and angry
D.If there's an ongoing argument between family members
E.Although it's not your job to offer exact causes of action
F.If a family member reacts very violently to an unimportant affair
G.However，remember you cannot force someone to feel a particular way
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
After the national science competition，I was frustrated that I was not allowed to enter it.I sat in the car，lost in(21)， chewing on my lip and staring outside.
I went upstairs，(22)and desperate.Grandpa's door was open for me as usual.There，he was waiting for my (23) with great excitement.I stood silently，forcing a (24) to cover my sadness.He seemed to(25) me immediately，giving me a (26).I was astonished that such a (27) body was full of so much energy.
Only then did my emotions start(28)out.I told him that all my(29) were for nothing，and that I was feeling discouraged.Grandpa smiled at me(30) and said，"Don't worry.You're far stronger than you think." Then he(31)，"Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need to do is to still have our hopes and (32)，neglecting the anxiety that makes it (33) to give up."
He patted me on the shoulder，with a determined look，saying，"Cheer up.I'm firmly(34)that you have the capability to succeed." Grandpa's encouragement soon made my sadness(35).
The next day，I thought about all my problems and (36)a plan.Now，I believe that with a positive attitude towards failure，I'll (37)reach my goals.
Looking back，I realize that we should share our setbacks and progress in life with our(38) ones.As my grandpa showed，the (39) of our family members will (40) us forever.
21.  A. despair B. fear C. love D. need
22.  A. strong B. weak C. sweet D. simple
23.  A. suggestion B. comment C. arrival D. discovery
24.  A. tear B. sigh C. smile D. signal
25.  A. ignore B. inspect C. order D. read
26.  A. pride B. hug C. challenge D. wish
27.  A. fine B. fit C. healthy D. thin
28.  A. dying B. turning C. pouring D. checking
29.  A. efforts B. offers C. promises D. profits
30.  A. gently B. generally C. suddenly D. freshly
31.  A. shared B. added C. helped D. served
32.  A. decisions B. respects C. pains D. desires
33.  A. difficult B. easy C. possible D. necessary
34.  A. supposed B. convinced C. surprised D. accustomed
35.  A. arise B. prevent C. disappear D. continue
36.  A. turned into B. came across C. worked out D. cared about
37.  A. merely B. actually C. instantly D. eventually
38.  A. beloved B. deserved C. determined D. excited
39.  A. stress B. gratitude C. praise D. support
40.  A. benefit B. teach C. hold D. interest
41. "How are you？" It's a question that seems simple，but it can actually make people feel very strange.
Last month，Alina Simone (1) （ write） in The New York Times about the difficulty that Russians have with this question.This same question，in Russian language and culture，is always answered (2) a negative manner.In Russia，when people are asked "How are you？"，they usually complain about health，weather or things (3) have happened recently.So when they're asked "How are you？" in English，they don't know what to do.
In English-speaking (4) （ country）， "How are you？" has one standard answer： "Fine，and you？" That's because "How are you？" is not actually about getting information-it's a greeting.If a native English-speaking friend really wants to know (5) is going on in your life，he or she is more likely (6) （ask）： "What have you been up to？" or "What's new？"
But I understand why people are so (7) （ confuse）.When we learn second languages，we have to learn rules for using words as much as words (8) （ them）.How can you learn those rules？ (9) （ watch） English-language TV shows is a good place to start.If you can，try to make a native English-speaking friend and talk to him or her (10) （ direct）．
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I am from Wisconsin，and when we met someone for the first time，we usually shake hands with.Well，I had big surprise in Belgium.When I was introduced to my friend's brother，something happened，that made me felt uncomfortable.I said "Hi" to him，extended my hand and he came up to me and kissed me on the cheek，not once，and three times，going from one cheek to the other!Of course，I went red and they started to laugh at me.In Belgium，that is common to greet someone by kissing three times.How vast different greeting tradition are across the world!
43. 假定你是某国际学校的学生李华。英语课上，老师要求就"保护野生动物"进行分组讨论。请你写一篇小组发言稿，内容包括：
1.必要性；2.保护措施；3.发出呼吁。
注意：
1.词数 80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、B、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。新闻工作者是负责向世界各地的读者提供最新信息的专业人士。许多著名的记者通过发表他们的声音而赢得了世界声誉。文章主要介绍四位著名的记者。
1. 
根据第二段中He is known to the world as the "Grandfather of Modern Journalism".可知，他被誉为“现代新闻业的鼻祖”。由此可知，Joseph Pulitzer对现代新闻业的贡献最大。故选A。
2. 根据第三段中Margaret Bourke-White is known as the first female war journalist and a skilled photo-journalist.（Margaret Bourke-White是第一位战地女记者，也是一位摄影记者）以及最后一段中Anna Quindlen's love for journalism gave her a kick-start from her high school where she worked for her high school paper.（Anna Quindlen对新闻事业的热爱起步于高中，在那里她为高中校报工作）可知，文章提到了两位女记者。故选B。

3. 通读全文尤其是第一段可知，新闻工作者是负责向世界各地的读者提供最新信息的专业人士。许多著名的记者通过发表他们的声音而赢得了世界声誉。文章主要介绍了四位著名的记者。由此可推知，文章最有可能出现在报纸的“人物”版面。结合选项A.Science科学；B.Entertainment娱乐；C.Figure人物；D.Service服务，故选C。

4~7.【答案】A、C、C、D
【解析】（1）A   词义理解题．根据第二段作者的观点"Silence focuses us，improves our health，and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction．"可知，作者是推崇的silence，故选A项．
（2）C   推理判断题．根据第二段"We've become so accustomed to noise，there's almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial和it's never been more important to find continuing quiet"及第三段"During a Japanese tea ceremony，the smallest sounds become a kind of art等句"可以判断得出，我们生活在一个喧闹的世界，寂静才是我们的追求，故选择C项．
（3）C   推理判断题．根据文章末段"If we remove the powerful blasts（一阵阵）of noise，we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around us…It's astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen．"可知C项正确．A项和作者的观点相反；根据"We in the hearing world can learn from them （deaf people）"可知B项错误；根据"During a Japanese tea ceremony，the smallest sounds become a kind of art"可知，作者赞赏the smallest sounds，故D项错误．
（4）D   推理判断题．通读全文可知，尽管我们生活在一个喧闹的世界，作者提倡我们创造一个不太纷扰的环境，果真如此，这个世界是很美好的，据此D项正确．
本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了George Prochnik的新著Listening for Meaning in a World of Noise 和他的观点：我们生活在一个喧闹的世界，寂静才是我们的追求，在喧嚣的世界中创造一方不太纷扰的环境，这个世界会更美好．
解答细节理解题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案；推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点．

8~11.【答案】B、C、B、A
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一段But for a good many people in the world，in rich and poor countries，choice is a luxury，something wonderful but hard to get，not a right，（但是对于世界上很多人来说，在富裕国家和贫穷国家，选择是一种奢侈品，一种美好但难以获得的东西，而不是一种权利，）可知选择是困难的。故选B。
（2）C.细节理解题。由第二段Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple.Easy access to a wide range of everyday goods leads to a sense of powerlessness in many people，ending in the shopper giving up and walking away，or just buying an unsuitable item that is not really wanted.（买一个像咖啡壶这样简单的东西并不容易。很容易获得各种各样的日常用品，这会导致很多人感到无能为力，最终导致购物者放弃并离开，或者只是买了一件不合适的东西，而这些东西并不是他们真正想要的。）可知，太多的商品往往让人不知所措--要么不买要么买了没用的东西。故选C。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的Advances in design and production help quicken the process.（设计和生产的进步有助于加快这一进程。）可知，设计和生产上的进步加快了新产品上市的步伐，然后用了计算机。作为例子证明这一点，故选B。
（4）A.主旨归纳题。综合全文内容可知，文章探讨了现代生活中，产品的富裕让我们在购物的时候面临着选择的困难，故选A。
本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了现代生活中，产品的富裕让我们在购物的时候面临着选择的困难。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12~15.【答案】D、B、B、D
【解析】（1）D.词义猜测题。根据第一段中的"if we don't reduce the number of cars in our cities then they will just completely         and stop moving."  （如果不减少车的数量的话城市里的车会越来越多，导致交通堵塞，以致无法行进。）以及从整篇文章来看，也是和车数量多会造成交通拥堵相关。由此可知clog up意为"被卡住了，被堵"，结合选项A.Turn down 调小，拒绝；B.Break down 坏掉，抛锚；C.Make troubles 制造麻烦；D.Get stuck 被堵。故选D。
（2）B.推理判断题。根据第二段The study notes the number of cars is actually increasing faster than that of people.In 2019              ，80 million cars were built while the population increased by 78 million.And the mass production of those cars was responsible for 4% of global carbon dioxide                    （CO2）emissions（排放），which is bigger than aviation    （航空）and that's before you even fuel them up.       （该研究指出，汽车数量的增长实际上快于人口增长。2019年，中国生产了8000万辆汽车，人口增加了7800万。这些汽车的大规模生产产生了全球4%的二氧化碳排放，这比航空业的排放量还要高，而且这还是在你给汽车加油之前。）可知本段主要从数据说明仅仅是制造车所带来的CO₂排放就占了全球总排放的4%，比航空业带来的排放量还多。结合题干及选项，故选B。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据第三段中的All individuals decide their commuting    （通勤）mode trying to reduce their costs     ，but the result is the overall worst-case situation       ，where the average commuting lime is longer and all people decide to use their car." write the authors of the study.                   （每个人都决定自己的通勤方式，试图降低成本，但结果是总体上最糟糕的情况，平均通勤时间更长，所有人都决定用车。"）可知从研究者开发的数学模型来调查人们选择是否开车得出的结果来看，当人们认为开车会更节省时间成本的时候，更多的人就会选择开车，反而使通勤时间更长。结合选项，故选B。
（4）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的If our goal is to have more liveable and developed cities          ，then we must take part of this land and give it to other modes of transportation               ：walking，cycling and public transport.   （如果我们的目标是拥有更宜居、更发达的城市，那么我们必须把这块土地的一部分让给其他交通方式：步行、骑自行车和公共交通。）可知选择公共交通方式会使城市更好发展。结合选项，故选D。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述人们为了方便更倾向于选择开车出行，这样反而导致城市交通堵塞，出行成本增加。如果一个城市要长期可持续地发展就要改变目前的交通方式，更多地乘坐公共交通工具或步行、骑自行车出行。
考查社会文化类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

16~20.【答案】D、A、C、G、E
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。空格后部分表达"you may want to mediate（调解） to make everyone's life easier.你可能想要调解，以使每个人的生活更容易。"根据逻辑关系判断，此处应该填一个从句，再结合第一句 "Family conflict affects everyone.（家庭矛盾影响每个人。）"可知，D.If there is an ongoing argument between family members"如果家庭成员之间正在发生争执"符合题意，故选D。
（2）A.段落大意题。结合上下文语境，推出此处空格应该为段落的主旨句。本段主要讲述在调解矛盾之前要客观公正地考虑到各方的观点不偏不倚地调解家庭矛盾。同时本段中有一些提示词，如 "Look at all sides"、"their point of view"等。所以A.Think about everyone's view"想想大家的看法"符合文意，故选A。
（3）C.推理判断题。本段主要讲述鼓励家人控制自己的情绪。空前的"tensions"和空后中的"emotional outbursts"与C选项中的"sensitive、angry "形成对应关系。所以C.There may be times when people get sensitive and angry"         有时候人们会变得敏感和愤怒"符合文意，故选C。
（4）G.细节理解题。本段主要讲述努力寻求宽恕的做法"Remember，you can't control someone else's actions but you can control your own response.You can also encourage other family members to forgive.                    （记住，你不能控制别人的行为，但是你可以控制自己的反应。你也可以鼓励其他家庭成员原谅他人。）"根据语境可知，G选项与上下文形成转折。上文中的提示词有"can't、can"。所以G.However，remember you cannot force someone to feel a particular way"         然而，请记住，你不能强迫别人有某种特定的感受。"符合文意，故选G。
（5）E.细节理解题。本段主要讲述"努力修复家人之间的关系"。根据空后的"You can offer suggestions how family members could better treat one another in the future."（你可以建议家庭成员如何在未来更好地对待彼此。）与E选项构成连贯的语意关系。所以E.Although it's not your job to offer exact courses of action"          尽管提供准确的行动方案不是你的工作"符合文意，故选E。
这是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍四种调解家庭矛盾的方法，维护家庭和睦。
关于七选五的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。

21~40.【答案】A、B、C、C、D、B、D、C、A、A、B、D、B、B、C、C、D、A、D、A
【解析】（1）A．考查名词及语境理解。A.despair绝望；B.fear害怕；C.love爱；D.need需求。根据上句I was frustrated at not being entered into the national IT competition I'd applied for.              可知我因为没有被我所申请的全国IT竞赛而录取感到沮丧。说明我坐在车里，感到很绝望，故答案为A。
（2）B．考查形容词及语境理解。A．strong强壮的；B．weak虚弱的；C．sweet甜蜜的；D.simple简单的。根据下文的desperate可知，我是虚弱的，使用weak，故答案为B。
（3）C．考查名词及语境理解。A.suggestion建议；B.comment评价；C.arrival到达；D.discovery发现。根据上句Grandpa's door was open for me as usual.he was waiting          可知爷爷的门照常为我打开。说明爷爷在那里，非常激动地等待着我的到来，故答案为C。
（4）C．考查名词及语境理解。A.tear眼泪；B.sigh叹息；C.smile微笑；D.signal信号。根据空后to cover my sadness.   可知我安静地站着，强挤出一个微笑来掩饰我的难过，故答案为C。
（5）D．考查动词及语境理解。A.ignore忽视；B.inspect视察；C.order命令；D.read阅读，读懂。根据下句giving me a        可知他给予了我一个拥抱，说明爷爷似乎马上就看穿我了。故答案为D。
（6）B．考查名词及语境理解。A．pride自豪；B.hug拥抱；C．challenge挑战；D．wish希望。根据下句full of so much energy.    可知充满力量的是爷爷给我的一个拥抱，因此使用hug，故答案为B。
（7）D．考查形容词及语境理解。A.fine好的；B.fit合适的；C.healthy健康的；D.thin瘦弱的。根据空后was full of so much energy.     可知充满了大大的能量，这和是爷爷瘦弱的身体形成对比。故答案为D。
（8）C．考查动词及语境理解。A.dying死；B.turning转向；C.pouring倾泻；D.checking检查。根据下句I was feeling discouraged.   可知我告诉爷爷我感觉到沮丧，说明直到那时我的情绪才开始流露出来，故答案为C。
（9）A．考查名词及语境理解。A.efforts努力；B.offers提供；C.promises承诺；D.profits利润。根据下句I was feeling discouraged   可知句意是我感到沮丧，说明我告诉了爷爷，参加比赛所有的努力都白费了，故答案为A。
（10）A．考查副词及语境理解。A.gently温柔地；B.generally一般地；C.suddenly突然；D.freshly 新鲜地。根据下句Don't worry.You're far stronger than you think      可知别担心。你比你想像的要强大得多。说明他温柔地对我笑，故答案为A。
（11）B．考查动词及语境理解。A.shared分享；B.added增加；C.helped帮助；D.served服务。根据下句Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need do is to still have our hopes                   可知句意说明后面是爷爷补充说的话，故答案为B。
（12）D．考查名词及语境理解。A.decisions决定；B.respects尊重；C.pains痛苦；D.desires渴望。根据空前have our hopes   可知充满希望，说明生活充满了起起落落，我们需要做的是仍然拥有我们的希望和信心，忽略那些容易让我们放弃的焦虑，故答案为D。
（13）B．考查形容词及语境理解。A.difficult困难的；B.easy容易的；C.possible可能的；D.necessary必需的。根据上文Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need to do is to still have our hopes and （12）____可知，忽略那些容易让我们放弃的焦虑，故答案为B。
（14）B．考查形容词及语境理解。A.supposed假定的；B.convinced确信的；C.surprised吃惊的；D.accustomed习惯的。根据空后you have the capability to succeed     可知你有成功的能力，这是爷爷对我的坚信。故答案为B。
（15）C．考查动词及语境理解。A.arise出现；B.prevent阻止；C.disappear消失；D.continue继续。根据下文I believe that with a positive attitude towards failure        ，I'll       reach my goals.  可知现在我相信，以积极的态度面对失败，我最终会达到我的目标，说明爷爷的鼓励很快使我的伤心消失了，故答案为C。
（16）C．考查动词短语及语境理解。A.turned into变成；B.came across遇到；C.worked out制定出；D.cared about关心。句意是第二天我思考了所有的问题并制定出一个计划，故答案为C。
（17）D.考查副词及语境理解。A.merely仅仅；B.actually事实上；C.instantly立即；D.eventually最终。现在我相信，以积极的态度面对失败，我最终会达到我的目标，故答案为D。
（18）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.beloved被爱的；B.deserved值得的；C.determined有决心的；D.excited激动的。根据后文句子we should share our setbacks and progress in life with our          可知应该是我意识到我们应该和所爱的人分享我们在生活中的挫折和进步，故答案为A。
（19）D．考查名词及语境理解。A.stress压力；B.gratitude感激；C.praise称赞；D.support支持。根据上文I realize that we should share our setbacks and progress in life with our（18）____可知，家人的支持将使我们永远受益，故答案为D。
（20）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.benefit有益于；B.teach教；C.hold持有；D.interest使感兴趣。根据上文I realize that we should share our setbacks and progress in life with our（18）____可知，家人的支持将使我们永远受益，故答案为A。
本文是一篇记叙文。作者因为没有参加申请的全国IT竞赛而感到沮丧。爷爷鼓励作者以积极的态度对待失败，最终会达到自己的目标。作者意识到我们应该与所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步，这会受益终。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。

41.【答案】【小题1】wrote
【小题2】in
【小题3】which/that
【小题4】countries
【小题5】what
【小题6】to ask
【小题7】confused
【小题8】themselves
【小题9】Wathcing
【小题10】directly
【解析】（1）wrote.考查动词时态。句意：上个月，爱丽娜•西蒙妮在《纽约时报》上撰文谈到了俄罗斯人在这个问题上遇到的困难。所填空应是句子谓语动词，结合时间状语"Last month"可知，应用一般过去时。故填wrote.
（2）in.考查介词和固定短语。句意：同样的问题，在俄罗斯语言和文化中，总是以消极的方式来回答。"in a/an+形容词+manner"，固定短语，"用……的方式"。故填in.
（3）which/that.考查定语从句关系词。句意：在俄罗斯，当别人问"你好吗？"，他们通常抱怨健康、天气或最近发生的事情。"____3____ have happened recently"为之前名词"things"的定语从句，先行词指物，从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导从句。故填which/that.
（4）countries.考查名词复数。句意：在俄罗斯，当别人问"你好吗？"，他们通常抱怨健康、天气或最近发生的事情。空前"English-speaking"为形容词，所填空应是名词，"country"意为"国家"，可数名词，应用复数形式泛指多个国家。故填countries.
（5）what.考查宾语从句连接词。句意：如果一个以英语为母语的朋友真的想知道你生活中发生了什么，他或她更可能会问："你在忙什么？或"有什么新消息？""___5____ is going on in your life"为之前动词"know"的宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代物或事情，应用连接代词what引导从句。故填what.
（6）to ask.考查动词不定式。句意：如果一个以英语为母语的朋友真的想知道你生活中发生了什么，他或她更可能会问："你在忙什么？或"有什么新消息？""be （more） likely to do sth"，固定短语，"（更）有可能做某事"。故填to ask.
（7）confused.考查形容词。句意：但我理解为什么人们如此困惑。空前有系动词"are"，所填空应是形容词作表语，结合从句主语为"people"，指人，应用-ed形式的形容词。故填confused.
（8）themselves.考查反身代词。句意：当我们学习第二语言时，我们不仅要学习单词本身，还要学习单词的使用规则。结合句子"When we learn second languages，we have to learn rules for using words as much as words  ____8____ （them）"含义可知，此句强调当学习第二语言时，不仅要学习单词本身，还要学习单词的使用规则，因此所填空应是反身代词，根据空前"words"可知，反身代词为themselves。故填themselves.
（9）Watching.考查动名词作主语。句意：看英文电视节目是一个很好的起点。"____9____ （watch） English-language TV shows"为句子主语，应用动名词作主语。故填Watching.
（20）directly.考查副词。句意：如果可以的话，试着交一个以英语为母语的朋友，直接和他或她交谈。副词作状语修饰动词短语"talk to"。故填directly.
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了"How are you？"这个问题看起来很简单，但实际上却让人感觉很奇怪。这个问题，在俄罗斯语言和文化中，总是以消极的方式来回答；在说英语的国家，这只是一种问候方式，而非开启沟通的"开头语"，这就需要学习语言时与实境相结合，看英文电视节目，交一个以英语为母语的朋友都是很好的方式。
语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。

42.【答案】I am from Wisconsin，and when we         someone for the first time，we usually shake hands with.Well，I had∧ big surprise in Belgium.When I was introduced to my friend's brother，something happened，        made me         uncomfortable.I said "Hi" to him，        my hand and he came up to me and kissed me on the cheek，not once，        three times，going from one cheek to the other!Of course，I went red and they started to laugh at me.In Belgium，        is common to greet someone by kissing three times.How         different greeting         are across the world!
详解：
1.met改为meet.考查时态。句意：我来自威斯康辛州，当我们第一次见到某人时，我们通常会握手。根据句意，此处表示一般的常态，应用一般现在时，故将met改为meet。
2.去掉with.考查固定搭配。句意：我来自威斯康辛州，当我们第一次见到某人时，我们通常会握手。shake hands with sb表示"与某人握手"，此处with后无名词，不需要用with连接，故去掉with。
3.big前加a.考查冠词。句意：我在比利时有个很惊讶的事情。此处表示泛指"一件惊讶的事情"，应用冠词a，故在big前加a。
4.that改为which.考查定语从句。句意：当我被介绍给我朋友的哥哥时，发生了一些事情，这让我感到不舒服。本句是非限制性定语从句，从句修饰前面整句话，非限制性定语从句关系词不能用that，此处指事情，应用which，故将that改为which。
5.felt改为feel.考查动词原形。句意：当我被介绍给我朋友的哥哥时，发生了一些事情，这让我感到不舒服。根据搭配make sb do sth，此处动词应用原形形式，故将felt改为feel。
6.extended改为extending.考查现在分词。句意：我向他打招呼，伸出手，但他走到我跟前，吻了我的脸颊，不是一次，而是三次，从一个脸颊到另一个!分析句子结构，后半句无主语且前后句无连词，此处extend是非谓语动词，extend和逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动，故将extended改为extending。
7.and改为but.考查连词。句意：我向他打招呼，伸出手，但他走到我跟前，吻了我的脸颊，不是一次，而是三次，从一个脸颊到另一个!根据句意，上文说我伸出手，后文说他吻了我脸颊，前后句是转折关系，应用连词but，故将and改为but。
8.that改为it.考查代词。句意：在比利时，亲吻三次来问候某人是很常见的。此处真正的主语是 to greet someone by kissing three times，需要用代词it做形式主语，故将that改为it。
9.vast改为vastly.考查副词。句意：世界各地的问候传统有多么大的不同啊!此处应用副词，修饰形容词different，表示"极其地不同"，故将vast改为vastly。
10.tradition改为traditions.考查可数名词复数。句意：世界各地的问候传统有多么大的不同啊!根据后文的are，此处保持主谓一致，故名词tradition应用复数形式，故将tradition改为traditions。
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在比利时向对方问好时遭遇的尴尬的事。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。

43.【答案】Dear classmates，
I'm glad to report our group's opinions about the topic "Wild Animal Protection".Firstly，there's no doubt that wild animals should be protected strictly. 【高分句型一】They belong to part of nature and are of great importance to ecological balance.However，at the present time，some of them are facing the danger of dying out. （必要性）Then，how can we protect them？Some laws must be passed as soon as possible to stop people killing and selling them.Besides，people should not be allowed to eat wildlife.（保护措施）
Let's appreciate the importance of their protection and remember the serious lesson that humans have experienced.【高分句型二】Protecting them means protecting ourselves.（发出呼吁）
Thank you.
【解析】高分句型一：Firstly，there's no doubt that wild animals should be protected strictly.
译文：首先，毫无疑问，野生动物应该受到严格的保护。
分析：这句话使用there's no doubt that意为"毫无疑问"，that引导同位语从句。
高分句型二：Let's appreciate the importance of their protection and remember the serious lesson that humans have experienced.
译文：让我们认识到保护它们的重要性，并记住人类所经历的严重教训。
分析：这句话使用that引导定语从句修饰the serious lesson。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。