(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义第1部分 教材知识解读 选择性必修第四册 Unit 4 Sharing (含答案)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义第1部分 教材知识解读 选择性必修第四册 Unit 4 Sharing (含答案)，共8页。
Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．jam n．果酱；堵塞2．clay n．黏土；陶土3．weed n．杂草；野草 vt.& vi.除杂草4．tablet n．平板电脑；便笺本；药片5．washroom n．洗手间；厕所6．bubble vi.起泡；沸腾7．tube n．管子；管状物8．circus n．马戏团9．jaw n．颌；下巴10．hut n．简陋的小房子(或棚、舍)11．fireplace n．壁炉12．saucer n．茶碟；杯托13．kettle n．(烧水用的)壶；水壶14．pan n．平底锅；烤盘15．jar n．罐子；坛子16．grill n．烤架；烤肉餐馆17．doorway n．门口；出入口；门道18．leftover adj.吃剩的；残留的 n．吃剩的食物；遗留物19．handshake n．握手20．plug vt.封堵；补足 n．堵塞物；插头；插座21．tune n．曲调；曲子 vt.调音；调节；调频道22．contract vt.感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n．合同；契约23．cardiac adj.心脏病的；心脏的24．circuit n．巡回；环形线路25．relay vt.转发；转播 n．接力赛；接班的人26．hypothetical adj.假设的；假定的27．Papua New Guinea 巴布亚新几内亚(国家名)28．Ghana 加纳(国家名)29．Congo 刚果(国家名)30．Panama 巴拿马(国家名)Ⅱ.记重点单词1．parcel n．包裹 vt.裹好；打包2．mail n．邮件；信件；邮政 vt.邮寄；发电邮给3．secondary adj.中学的；次要的4．chorus n．合唱曲；合唱团 vt.合唱；齐声说5．cotton n．棉布；棉花6．uniform n．校服；制服 adj.一致的；统一的7．rigid adj.死板的；固执的8．shade vt.给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗 n．阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分9．wrinkle vt.& vi.(使脸上)起皱纹；皱起 n．皱纹10．forehead n．额；前额11．housing n．住房；住宅12．platform n．平台；站台；舞台13．drag vt.拖；拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动14．privilege n．优惠待遇；特权15．resign vi.& vt.辞职；辞去；顺从16．lately adv.最近；不久前；近来17．input n．情况；信息；投入；输入 vt.输入18．grant vt.同意；准许 n．拨款19．criterion n．(pl.criteria)标准；准则；原则20．pray vi.& vt.企盼；祈祷Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．dust n．沙土；灰尘 vi.& vt.擦灰→dusty adj.布满灰尘的2．rubber n．橡皮；黑板擦；橡胶→rub vt.& vi.擦；摩擦；揉；搓3．chemist n．化学家；药剂师；药房→chemistry n．化学→chemical adj.化学的4．ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的→ripen vt.& vi.(使)成熟5．disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n．缺陷；障碍→disable vt.使(某人)残废；使……无能6．deserve vt.值得；应得；应受→deserving adj.值得的；应得的7．consultation n．咨询；咨询会→consult vt.咨询；请教→consultant n．顾问8．stability n．稳定(性)；稳固(性)→stable adj.稳定的；牢固的→unstable adj.不稳定的Ⅳ.背核心短语1．a chorus of 齐声；异口同声2．not to mention 更不用说；且不说3．take for granted 认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视4．relay to 转达给……；转发给……5．pray that 但愿6．be dying to do sth.渴望做某事7．adapt to适应8．the other day前几天9．shake hands with sb.和某人握手10．participate in参与；参加1．promote vt.促进；提升2．punctual adj.准时的；守时的3．queue n．& vi.队列；排队4．rainfall n．降雨；降雨量5．reasonable adj.合乎情理的6．reflect vt.反映；反射7．register v．登记；注册 n．登记表；注册簿8．resemble vt.类似；像1．It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track covered in weeds.(It takes sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间)沿着杂草丛生、尘土飞扬的小路，我几分钟就能走到学校。2．There is no equipment，and since there isn’t even a washroom，if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a basin！(since引导原因状语从句)这里没有设备，甚至连洗手间都没有。如果需要水，我得用盆子从我的房子里端来！3．The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when，before I knew it，the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere！(be doing...when...正在做……这时……)几天前，我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验，在我反应过来之前，混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出，洒得到处都是！4．To be honest，I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all.(doubt whether...)说实话，我怀疑我是否能给这些男孩们的生活带来不同。5．Now，not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital，but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well.(部分倒装)现在，有了医院，不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了帮助，而且周边国家的人们也因此受益。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。Lately I have resigned from my present job and signed a contract with a secondary school for the disabled in a remote village.At first my parents opposed my decision，but now they are singing a different 1.tune.For me，it is a 2.privilege to teach in the school.Every day I am greeted by a chorus of “good morning”．The dusty clay huts act as classrooms，whose doorways are very narrow and there are no rubbers，tubes for chemical experiments or platforms.With the campus full of weeds，there are no washrooms.Students don’t wear cotton 3.uniforms.All the students’ housing is quite simple.The only possessions are saucers，fireplaces，kettles，pans，jars and grills，not to mention 4.tablets and other modern devices that we take for granted.They eat ripe rice and they even don’t throw away leftovers.In my spare time，I do a 5.circuit of the villages to help those with disabilities and provide them with consultation.I want to relay to people that the disabled need help and I 6.pray that more and more people can be volunteers. 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 drag vt.拖；拉；扯 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动读后续写之手的肢体动作：drag/draw/pull拉；cup one’s hands over...把手窝成杯状；slide one’s hands into...将手伸进……；put one’s hands to one’s cheeks用双手捂住脸；spread one’s hands摊开双手 (1)The chemist with a wrinkled face dragged(drag) the dusty parcel from under the bed and unfolded it.(2)这位父亲站起来，盯着大儿子的眼睛，把手窝成杯状托住儿子的脸。The father stood up，gazed in the eyes of his oldest son and cupped his hands over his son’s face.(3)汤姆打开车门，把司机拽出来，把他送到警察局。(读后续写之动作链描写)Tom opened the car door，dragged the driver out and sent him to the police station. privilege n．特权；特别优待；优惠待遇 v．给予特权；特别优待(privileged adj.有特权的；受特别优待的)•It is a privilege to do sth.做某事是一种殊荣。have the privilege to do/of doing sth.有特权做某事•be privileged to do sth.有幸做某事 (1)I take it for granted that I have the privilege to enter(enter) the lab at my will.(2)在这儿做有关如何保护环境的演讲，我倍感荣幸。(应用文写作之演讲稿)I am greatly privileged to/It is a great privilege for me to deliver a speech on how to protect the environment here. deserve vi.& vt.应受；应得；值得(deserving adj.值得的；应得的)deserve sth.值得/应得某事/物deserve doing/to be done值得被……(此处用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，类似用法的动词还有：need，want，require等)deserve it(口语)活该；自作自受 (1)The money saved could be used for more deserving(deserve) causes.(2)面对新冠疫情的爆发，我姑姑毫不犹豫地前往武汉，在那里，她帮助挽救了成百上千的生命。因此，我姑姑值得尊敬。Faced with the outbreak of COVID­19，my aunt went to Wuhan without hesitation，where she helped to save hundreds of lives.So my aunt deserves respect/respecting/to be respected. take...for granted认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视•take it for granted that＋从句　认为……理所当然•take...seriously认真对待……take one’s time不用急；慢慢来take pride in以……自豪take charge of负责，掌管take advantage of利用 (1)我们总是一厢情愿地认为地球可以提供给我们无穷无尽的自然资源，因此我们过度开发资源。We always take it for granted that the earth can provide us with limitless natural resources，so we overdevelop the resources.(2)上个月我负责演讲活动时，我认真对待这件事。我充分利用每个向同学征求意见的机会，因此我完美地组织了这次活动。我的所有同学都以我为骄傲。When I took charge of the speech activity last month，I took it seriously.I took advantage of every chance to ask my classmates for their opinions so that I organized the activity perfectly.All of my classmates took pride in me. There is no equipment，and since there isn’t even a washroom，if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a basin! 这里没有设备，甚至连洗手间都没有。如果需要水，我得用盆子从我的房子里端来！•since用作连词，可引导原因状语从句，意为“因为，既然”，侧重大家已知的事实；也可引导时间状语从句，意为“从……以来”，主句谓语动词为延续性动词且多用现在完成时。•since作介词，意为“从……以来；从……以后”，后接名词或代词。•since作副词，意为“从那时以后；后来”。 (1)我已经养成了读英文报的习惯，因为它已经丰富了我枯燥的校园生活。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)I have developed the habit of reading the English newspaper since it has enriched my boring campus life.(2)自从我大学毕业后，我一直梦想着环游世界。Since I graduated from university，I have been dreaming of traveling all over the world.(3)总是使我沮丧的是从那以后，我就没收到过他的来信。What always upsets me is that I have not heard from him since.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．contract(1)Several computer engineers have been contracted to the finance department.  C  (2)The new contract will be the same in every particular as the old one.  A  (3)As is known to us all，metal contracts as it cools.  B  2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)What made me delighted was that the walls were a uniform grey.统一的(2)I bought a new shade for the lamp.灯罩Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．I took it for granted that he would negotiate with me about what to do next，but he didn’t.2．After consulting(consult) my uncle who is a psychologist by profession，I know how to keep mentally healthy.3．From the bottom of my heart，I keep praying(pray) that he won’t withdraw from the club.4．I must relay to you that my opponent admitted stealing my laptop at the press conference.5．He often extends his kindness to others and as a consequence，he deserves applause/applauding/to be applauded(applaud)．6．I felt greatly privileged(privilege) to log the great deeds you had done.7．We should have mercy on the disabled，who are(be) often looked down on by others.8．Being back with their family should provide emotional stability(stable) for the children.9．The man in uniform takes possession of three villas，but he still lives a very simple life.10．We were buying a laptop in a store when it began to rain.Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练话题写作之提供帮助1．我正在街上走着这时我发现了两位外国游客。(be doing...when...)I was walking in the street when I found two foreign travelers.2．因为他们不熟悉这座城市，他们辨别方向有很大困难。(since引导原因状语从句)Since they were unfamiliar with the city，they had great difficulty identifying directions.3．他们花了大约半个小时找公园的位置，但是没找到。(It takes sb.some time to do sth.)It had taken them about half an hour to look for the location of the park，but in vain.4．我怀疑他们是否能够成功到达公园，于是我主动提出帮助他们。(doubt whether...)I doubted whether they could make it to the park，so I offered to help them.5．我认为帮助处在困境的那些人是我的荣幸。(privilege)I think it my privilege to help those in trouble.Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练教材续写语料1．情感描写disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的2．动作描写contract vt.感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约)chorus vt.合唱；齐声说 n．合唱曲；合唱团wrinkle vt.& vi.(使脸上)起皱纹；皱起drag vt.拖；拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动pray vi.& vt.企盼；祈祷deserve vt.值得；应得；应受3．环境描写dust n．沙土；灰尘 vi.& vt.擦灰→dusty adj.布满灰尘的续写语料运用请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。不幸的是，我们的邻居感染了一种严重的疾病，成了一名残疾人，这给他的生活投下了阴影。他被拖入了悲伤的漩涡。他是如此痛苦和忧虑，以至于他双颊和双眼周围开始起了皱纹。每天他痛苦地拖着脚下楼，祈祷能够从疾病中康复。看到这些，我的孩子们异口同声地呼喊道：“他值得我们的帮助。”Unfortunately，our neighbor contracted a serious illness and became a disabled man，casting a shadow on his life.He was dragged into a whirlpool of sorrow.So painful and anxious was he that the skin on his cheeks and around his eyes was beginning to wrinkle.He dragged his feet painfully downstairs every day，praying that he could recover from his illness.Seeing this，my children exclaimed in chorus，“He deserves our help.”