(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义第1部分 教材知识解读 选择性必修第一册 Unit 2 Looking into the Future (含答案)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义第1部分 教材知识解读 选择性必修第一册 Unit 2 Looking into the Future (含答案)，共11页。
  Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．knob n．旋钮；球形把手2．appliance n．电器；器具3．air conditioner空调机；空调设备4．sensor n．传感器；敏感元件5．mode n．模式；方式；风格6．cancer n．癌；癌症；毒瘤7．wiring n．电线线路；线路系统8．wire n．电线；金属丝(或线) vt.接通电源；将……连接到9．innovation n．创新；创造10．nanobot n．纳米机器人11．clone vt.克隆；以无性繁殖技术复制 n．克隆动物(或植物)12．cease vi.& vt.(使)停止；终止13．deceased adj.已死的；亡故的14．rural adj.乡村的；农村的15．signpost n．路标Ⅱ.记重点单词1．phrase n．短语；词组2．switch vt.转换；交换 vi.& vt.(使)改变；转变 n．开关；转换器；改变3．remote adj.远程的；偏远的4．remote control遥控器；遥控5．routine n．常规；正常顺序 adj.常规的；日常的6．daily routine日常生活7．instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；速食的；速溶的8．command n．指令；命令；控制 vt.命令；控制9．constant adj.不断的；重复的；不变的 n．常数；常量10．leak vi.& vt.漏；渗漏；透露 n．漏洞；裂缝；透露11．available adj.可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的12．nevertheless adv.尽管如此；不过；然而13．structure n．结构；体系 vt.系统安排；精心组织14．artificial adj.人工的；人造的；假的15．artificial intelligence (AI)人工智能16．forecast vt.& n．预测；预报17．hence adv.因此；由此18．advocate vt.提倡；支持；拥护 n．提倡者；支持者；拥护者19．career n．职业；事业20．prospect n．可能性；前景21．paragraph n．段；段落22．essay n．文章Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．persuade vt.劝说；说服→persuasive adj.有说服力的→persuasion n．说服2．distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→distance n．距离3．secure adj.安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt.获得；拴牢；保护→security n．安全；保护措施4．automatic adj.自动的→automatically adv.自动地5．integrate vi.& vt.(使)合并；成为一体→integrated adj.各部分密切协调的；综合的6．efficient adj.效率高的；有功效的→efficiently adv.有效地→efficiency n．效率；效能7．preference n．爱好；偏爱→prefer vt.更喜欢；宁愿8．obey vi.& vt.服从；遵守→disobey vi.& vt.不服从9．warning n．警告；警示；先兆→warn vt.警告10．abnormal adj.不正常的；反常的→normal adj.正常的11．critical adj.严重的；关键的；批判性的→critic n．评论家→criticize vt.批评；评论→critically adv.批判性地12．potential adj.可能的；潜在的 n．潜力；可能性→potentially adv.潜在地；可能地13．electrical adj.电的；用电的→electric adj.电的；电动的；用电的→electricity n．电；电学；电流14．fantasy n．幻想；想象→fantastic adj.极好的15．detect vt.发现；查明→detective n．侦探16．relevant adj.有关的；有意义的→irrelevant adj.不相关的→relevantly adv.相关地17．crime n．犯罪活动；不法行为→criminal n．罪犯；犯人 adj.刑事的；犯罪的18．combine vt.& vi.(使)结合；混合→combination n．结合；联合19．predict vt.预测；预言；预料→prediction n．预测；预言20．occupation n．职业；占领→occupy vt.占据；占用；使忙于(做某事)→occupied adj.被占领的；使用中；忙于21．oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠→opposed adj.反对的→opposite adj.对面的；相反的→opposition n．反对22．absence n．不存在；缺乏；缺席→absent adj.缺席的；不在的；缺乏的23．emphasis n．强调；重视；重要性→emphasize vt.强调24．luxury n．奢华→luxurious adj.奢侈的25．resist vi.& vt.抵制；反抗；抵挡→resistance n．抵制；反对；抗拒→resistant adj.反抗的；抵制的26．accurate adj.精确的；准确的→accurately adv.精确地；准确地→accuracy n．精确性27．librarian n．图书管理员；图书馆馆长→library n．图书馆Ⅳ.背核心短语1．switch off/on关/开(电灯、机器等)2．early on在初期；早先3．catch fire着火4．in this sense (in...sense)从这种(某种)意义上来讲5．keep in touch (with...)(与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况)6．think about考虑7．be ready for...为……做好准备8．in addition另外9．prevent...from...阻止……做……1．fortune n．财产；运气2．fragile adj.脆的；易碎的3．furniture n．(总称)家具 4．gardening n．园艺学 5．generation n．代；一代 6．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的7．geography n．地理学8．gesture n．姿势；手势 1．These smart homes will keep us secure，save us energy，and provide a more comfortable environment to live in.(keep＋宾语＋宾补)这样的智能家居将保障我们的安全，节省我们的能源，为我们提供一个更为舒适的居住环境。2．Nevertheless，it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.(It will take＋时间段＋before...)然而，要让大多数新住宅开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。3．They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century，and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future.(将来进行时)自十八世纪以来，他们基本上过着农夫的生活，而且在遥远的将来，他们的生活方式可能依然如此。4．It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large，polluted cities.(since引导原因状语从句)甚至有人认为，阿曼门诺派的生活质量更高，因为他们生活在自然的环境中，怡然自得，而不是生活在污染严重的大城市里。5．It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier，as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.(as引导原因状语从句)它还使人们在生活中更加容易找到机会，因为它让人们能够通过社交媒体建立更大的朋友圈。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。The instant I learned that we would study through remote education as a consequence of COVID-19，I 1.resisted the idea because I had a preference for learning at school.Personally，under no circumstances could I 2.have a good command of relevant subjects without teachers’ face-to-face instruction available.Hence，at that time I sincerely hoped that the abnormal time would cease as soon as possible.Nevertheless，I persuaded myself into 3.obeying my school’s critical rules，with my routine study integrated with the online learning mode.My head teacher constantly reminded us to switch on our electronic appliances in advance.He advocated that we should avoid some potential online dangers，not leak our own private information and pay attention to online 4.security.He strongly opposed us playing computer games.Early on，I could concentrate on what the teachers had laid 5.emphasis on in online classes and take accurate notes so that I could study in an efficient way.Our English teacher told us how to memorize phrases and organize wonderful paragraphs in an essay.Our teachers always kept in touch with us during online learning.But with time going by，in the absence of teachers，there was a 6.distant look in my eyes，and my thoughts were elsewhere.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 persuade vt.劝说；说服(persuasive adj.有说服力的 persuasion n．说服)persuade sb.to do sth.＝persuade sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事persuade sb.not to do sth.＝persuade sb.out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事try to persuade sb.to do sth.＝advise sb.to do sth.试图说服某人做某事(未必成功) (1)You must possess persuasive powers.After your persuasion，my stubborn son agreed to cease carrying out his former plan.(persuade)(2)我成功地说服他同意我挨家挨户卖爆米花的计划。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)①I managed to persuade him to approve of my plan to sell popcorn from door to door.(persuade sb.to do sth.)②I managed to persuade him into approving of my plan to sell popcorn from door to door.(persuade sb.into doing sth.)(3)我试图说服他不要和这个坏家伙联系，但是白费功夫。①I tried to persuade him not to keep in touch with that bad guy，but in vain.(persuade)②I advised him not to keep in touch with that bad guy，but in vain.(advise)  instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；速食的；速溶的(instantly＝immediately adv.立刻，马上)•the instant/instantly＋从句 一……就……instant coffee/noodles速溶咖啡/方便面•表示“一……就……”的其他表达方式：on/upon (doing) sth.，as soon as＋从句，the moment/minute＋从句，immediately/instantly/directly＋从句，no sooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...等。 (1)I detected two obvious mistakes instantly(instant) I saw the article.(2)一看到可怕的熊在咬我们的金属丝栅栏，我就屏住呼吸，一动也不敢动。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)(2020·7月浙江)①The instant I saw a frightening bear biting our wire fence，I held my breath，not daring to make a movement.(the instant)②On/Upon seeing a frightening bear biting our wire fence，I held my breath，not daring to make a movement.(On/Upon doing...)③Hardly had I seen a frightening bear biting our wire fence when I held my breath，not daring to make a movement.(hardly...when...)  command v．命令；控制 n．指令；命令；掌握；控制•command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事command that...(should) do...命令……•at one’s command听某人支配have a good command of/have a good knowledge of/master...掌握……；精通…… (1)I’m at your command and hence，I will obey your orders.(2)My teacher commanded me to hand(hand) in my essay instantly.→My teacher commanded that I (should) hand(hand) in my essay instantly.(3)我写信申请成为您的助教，因为我不仅精通英语，而且善于和其他人交流。(应用文写作之申请信)I am writing to apply to be your teaching assistant，because not only do I have a good command of English but also I am good at communicating with others.  warning n．警告；警示(warn v．提醒注意；劝告；警告；告诫)•without warning不预先通知；突然地•warn sb.(not) to do sth.警告某人(不要)做某事warn sb.of/about sth.提醒/警告某人注意某事warn sb.against doing sth.警告某人不要做某事 (1)The change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning(warn) signals that we really have changed our planet.(2019·北京)(2)In our daily routine our head teacher often warns us of/about the possible problems we might run into.(3)老师警告我们不要把手机带进考场。①The teacher warned us not to carry mobile phones into the examination room.②The teacher warned us against carrying mobile phones into the examination room. oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠(opposed adj.反对的；对立的 opposition n．反对)•oppose (doing) sth.反对(做)某事oppose sb./sb.’s doing sth.反对某人做某事•be opposed to (doing) sth.反对(做)某事 (1)Regardless of my father’s opposition(oppose)，I still purchase many luxuries.(2)Hence，many educators are strongly opposed to protecting(protect)children too much in our daily routine.(3)Because all of my friends were opposed to my plan，I couldn’t resist sobbing，hiding my face in my hands.(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)→With all of my friends opposed to my plan，I couldn’t resist sobbing，hiding my face in my hands.(用with复合结构改写)→All of my friends opposed to my plan，I couldn’t resist sobbing，hiding my face in my hands.(用独立主格结构改写)  absence n．[C]& [U]缺席；不在(某处)；[U]缺乏(absent adj.缺席的；不在的；心不在焉的)•in the absence of不在；缺少in one’s absence某人不在时absence of mind心不在焉•be absent from不参加；缺席absent-minded adj.心不在焉的；健忘的 (1)In the absence of teachers’ instruction，I don’t know how to combine what I’ve learnt with practice.(2)我写信向您道歉，因为上周末我没能参加你的生日派对。(应用文写作之道歉信)I’m writing to apologize to you for being absent from your birthday party last weekend.(3)这就是我的妈妈，有时心不在焉、健忘，然而总是充满爱心。Such is my mother，who is sometimes absent-minded，forgetful，yet always loving. in this sense (in...sense)从这种(某种)意义上来讲make sense of弄懂……的意思；理解make no sense没道理；没意义in a sense从某种意义上说in no sense决不(位于句首时要用部分倒装结构)common sense常识a sense of belonging/humour/direction/duty归属感/幽默感/方向感/责任感There’s no/little sense (in) doing sth.做某事没道理/没意义。 (1)我写信请求您推荐一些我能够容易理解的英文名著。(应用文写作之求助信)I’m writing to request you to recommend some English classics that I can easily make sense of.(2)以“自律”为主题的调查使我们意识到没有自律，在线学习就没有意义。(2020·北京)The research themed at“Self-discipline” made us realize that there was no sense in studying online without self-discipline.(3)We should in no sense give up our dreams even if we face many difficulties.→In no sense should we give up our dreams even if we face many difficulties.(用倒装句改写) keep in touch (with)(与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况)•stay in touch (with)(与……)保持联系be in touch (with)(与……)有联系be out of touch (with)(与……)失去联系以上三个短语表状态，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。•get in touch (with)(与……)取得联系lose touch (with)(与……)失去联系以上两个短语表示动作，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。 自从我们十年前取得联系，我们已经保持联系十年了。我的确相信我们再也不会失去联系了。We have stayed in touch with/have kept in touch with/have been in touch with each other for ten years since we got in touch ten years ago.I do believe that we will never lose touch with each other.　 Nevertheless，it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.然而，要让大多数新住宅开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。It will take＋时间段＋before从句(一般现在时)“在……之前要花一段时间”It will be＋时间段＋before从句(一般现在时)“要过一段时间才……”It wasn’t long＋before从句(一般过去时)“没过多久就……”It won’t be long＋before从句(一般现在时)“过不了多久就会……” (1)十天后我要参加期末考试了。It will be ten days before I take the end-of-term examination.(2)没过多久简就意识到她在陌生的森林里迷路了，这使她如坐针毡。但是她不断地安慰自己，“用不了多久，我的丈夫就会找到我”。(读后续写片段)It wasn’t long before Jane sensed that she got lost in the unfamiliar forest，which made her feel like sitting on pins and needles.But she constantly comforted herself，“It won’t be long before my husband finds me.”  It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier，as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.它还使人们在生活中更加容易找到机会，因为它让人们能够通过社交媒体建立更大的朋友圈。as作连词，可引导以下几种状语从句：•as引导原因状语从句，意为“由于，因为”。•as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候；随着”。•as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照……；照着……”。•as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”， 需将后面的表语、状语提到前面构成倒装句，即把句中的名词、形容词、副词、分词或实义动词提前。•as引导定语从句，意为“正如；正像”。 (1)写出下列句子中as的汉语意思①As time went by，the librarian grew increasingly interested in her occupation.随着②Just as an old saying goes，do in Rome as the Romans do.正如③Child as he is，he has a good command of English.尽管④I oppose you continuing with the training，as you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.因为(2)随着公共汽车逐渐靠近城镇，汤姆浑身颤抖，如坐针毡。(读后续写之紧张心理描写)As the bus got closer and closer to the town，Tom shook all over，feeling like sitting on pins and needles.(3)尽管我们又累又饿，但是我们从这次五千米越野赛跑中受益匪浅。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)Exhausted and hungry as we were，we benefited a lot from the five-kilometer cross-country running race. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．distant(1)Tom sounded very cold and distant on the phone.  B  (2)He is my distant cousin.  C  (3)He wanted to get away from everything so he moved to a distant land.  A  2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)I am available now，so I can meet you instantly.有空的(2)She secured a job with the help of her father.获得Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1. Apparently，they worked more efficiently(efficient) in a scientific way.2．If circumstances permit，I will see the film that is relevant to a true story.3．Whatever happened，I insisted on keeping in touch with him.4．The responsible professor tried to persuade him to obey(obey) the school rules，but he didn’t listen.5．I commanded him to switch(switch) off the air conditioner in the classroom.6. Gradually，I have a preference(prefer) for Chinese under my Chinese teacher’s influence.7．Many people opposed performing(perform) their duty，so I inferred that we would fail.8．In this sense，I think it important to learn as many phrases as possible by heart.9．The head teacher gave us students a warning(warn) not to throw away the remote control.10．Instantly(instant) I set my objective，I was devoted to achieving it.Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练(2020·天津)——成人礼1．一听说我们学校要举办成人礼(the coming-of-age ceremony)，我高兴地跳了起来。(the instant)The instant I learnt that our school would hold the coming-of-age ceremony，I jumped with joy.2．我认为举办成人礼非常重要，因为它可以提高我们对成年的意识。(as引导原因状语从句)I think it (is) important to host the coming-of-age ceremony as it can raise our awareness of adulthood.3．自从参加典礼以来，我就意识到责任感总是伴随着我们的成长过程。(since引导的时间状语从句)Since I attended the ceremony，I have realized that the sense of responsibility always accompanies the process of our growth.4．另外，典礼过后，我热情地劝说同学们努力学习，使我们能够成为对整个社会有用的人。(persuade)Besides，after the ceremony，I enthusiastically persuade my classmates to be committed to studying，enabling us to become useful people to the whole society.5．通过这次活动，我明白了没有责任感我们就不能充分享受生活。(in the absence of)Through this activity，I understand that we can’t enjoy our life to the fullest in the absence of responsibility.Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练教材续写语料1．情感描写distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的2．动作描写cease vi.& vt.(使)停止；终止switch vt.转换；交换 vi.& vt.(使)改变；转变leak vi.& vt.漏；渗漏；透露 n．漏洞；裂缝；透露persuade vt.劝说；说服resist vi.& vt.抵制；反抗；抵挡续写语料运用请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。她的秘密被泄露了，简忍不住啜泣，眼神茫然。由于缺乏安全感，她停止和周围的人交流。她不知道如何改变这种窘境。她陷入了痛苦的深渊(abyss)，整日以泪洗面。幸运的是，班长最终说服泄密者向简道歉。逐渐地，简内心的阴霾消失了，她的脸上重新露出了笑容。With her secret leaked，Jane couldn’t resist sobbing，with a distant look in her eyes.Lacking a sense of security，she ceased communicating with those around her.She didn’t know how to switch the embarrassment.She was thrown into the abyss of pain，burying herself in tears.Luckily，the monitor finally persuaded the leaker to apologize to Jane.Gradually，Jane’s gloom from within vanished into the air and a smile reappeared on her face.