(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义第1部分 教材知识解读 选择性必修第二册 Unit 3 Food and Culture (含答案)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义第1部分 教材知识解读 选择性必修第二册 Unit 3 Food and Culture (含答案)，共9页。
Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．cuisine n．菜肴；风味；烹饪2．pepper n．甜椒；灯笼椒；胡椒粉3．recipe n．烹饪法；食谱4．chef n．厨师；主厨5．peppercorn n．胡椒粒6．vinegar n．醋7．slice n．(切下的食物)薄片 vt.把……切成薄片8．onion n．洋葱；葱头9．lamb n．羊羔肉；羔羊10．lamb kebab烤羊肉串11．dim sum n．点心(中国食品)12．vegetarian n．素食者13．junk n．无用的东西14．junk food(＝junk)垃圾食品15．garlic n．蒜16．bacon n．熏猪肉；咸肉17．ham n．火腿18．sausage n．香肠；腊肠19．bean curd n．(＝tofu)豆腐20．brand n．品牌21．olive n．油橄榄；橄榄树22．fig n．无花果23．ingredient n．(尤指烹饪)材料；成分24．dough n．生面团25．haggis n．(苏格兰)羊杂碎肚26．cafeteria n．自助餐厅；自助食堂27．bun n．圆面包；小圆甜饼28．chilli n．(NAmE＝chili)(pl.-es)辣椒29．red braised pork红烧肉30．pearl n．珍珠31．vitamin n．维生素32．dairy adj.奶制的；乳品(业)的 n．乳制品；乳品店；牛奶厂33．moderation n．适度；合理34．chew vi.& vt.咀嚼；嚼碎 n．咀嚼Ⅱ.记重点单词1．bold adj.大胆自信的；敢于冒险的2．stuff vt.填满；把……塞进 n．东西；物品3．elegant adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的4．minimum adj.最低(限度)的；最小的 n．最小值；最少量5．temper n．脾气；火气6．cabbage n．甘蓝；卷心菜；洋白菜7．dessert n．(饭后)甜点8．canteen n．食堂；餐厅9．pork n．猪肉10．somewhat adv.有点；稍微11．madam n．夫人；女士12．calorie n．卡路里(热量单位)13．regardless adv.不顾；不加理会14．category n．类别；种类；范畴15．fibre(especially US fiber)n.纤维；纤维制品16．quantity n．数量；数额17．ideal adj.完美的；理想的；想象的 n．理想；完美的人(或事物)18．fundamental adj.根本的；基础的；基本的 n．基本规律；根本法则19．modest adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的20．overall adv.总体上；大致上 adj.全面的；综合的Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．prior adj.先前的；优先的→priority n．优先事项；优先权2．consist vi.由……组成(或构成)；在于→consistent adj.一致的；连续的3．exceptional adj.特别的；罕见的；杰出的→except prep.除……外→exception n．例外4．consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→consumer n．消费者；用户；客户→consumption n．消费；消耗5．stable adj.稳定的；稳重的→stability n．稳定(性)；固定(性)6．association n．协会；关联→associate vt.把……联系起来；交往 adj.副的7．trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏 vt.欺骗→tricky adj.棘手的；难对付的Ⅳ.背核心短语1．prior to在……之前的2．consist of由……组成(或构成)3．slice...off切下4．regardless of不管；不顾5．relate...to...把……与……联系起来6．in many ways在许多方面7．on the other hand另一方面8．make up组成；构成9．in other words换言之10．be up to sb.由某人决定1．inspire vt.激发；鼓舞2．instant n．瞬间；刹那3．instruct vt.通知；指示4．instruction n．说明；须知；教导5．instrument n．乐器；工具；器械 6．insurance n．保险 7．intelligence n．智力；智慧8．intelligent adj.有智力的；聪明的9．interrupt vt.& vi.打扰，打断 10．interval n．间歇；间隔1．Prior to coming to China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America，with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes.(had been done)来中国之前，我只在美国接触过中式烹饪，那里的中国食物已被改变，以适应美国人的口味。2．On the other hand，it does tell us a lot about Americans.(强调谓语动词)另一方面，它确实让我们对美国人有了很多的了解。3．Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.(形容词作状语)又累又饿，一个汉字也不认识，我们压根儿不知道如何点餐，于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。4．Everywhere，the food was as varied as the people.(as...as平级比较)所到之处的美食与当地人一样精彩纷呈。5．And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.(倍数表达法)在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。Foods are fundamental to our life.Among various recipes，Chinese exceptional cuisine 1.consisting of quantities of categories is popular all over the world.Regardless of what you like，you can always have something delicious to 2.consume.If you are a vegetarian，you can choose ingredients such as olive and garlic.You can also eat rice，bean curd，raw vegetables served in vinegar and pancake rolls stuffed with sliced green onions，which contain abundant 3.vitamins and fibre.If not，you can select dairy，lamb kebab，ham，sausage，red braised pork，and bacon，through which you can receive more calories.Prior to having the next meal，you can also enjoy 4.elegant desserts like a bun.If you often include pepper，peppercorn or chili in your daily diets，you are likely to be 5.bold or lose your temper easily.Overall，to keep fit，we should have a consistent eating habit，eat a modest amount of food and 6.chew slowly each time.Although there is no trick to ideal healthy eating，moderation is the key.So if you always enjoy junk food，perhaps your health will break down.Let’s take action to live a healthy life.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 association n．协会；社团；关联；联想；交往(associate vt.联想；联系；交往 adj.副的 associated adj.联合的；有关联的) •in association with...与……合作；与……有关联•associate...with...把……和……联系在一起associate with与……交往•be associated with...与……有关 (1)Prior to participating in the activity，I used to think that happiness was associated with money.(2)这次展览是由当地政府联合一些剪纸艺术家共同组织的。This exhibition was organized by the local government in association with several paper-cutting artists.(3)只要你和思想积极的人交往，你一定会获得成功。As long as you associate with people who think positively，it is certain that you are going to achieve success. quantity n．数量；数额•a large/small quantity of；large/small quantities of“大量的/少量的”，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语的数与其后所接名词的数保持一致；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。•in quantity/in large quantities大量地 (1)A large quantity of ingredients are(be) used by the chef working in the school canteen every day.(2)Large quantities of desserts are(be) consumed by the madam，who receives more calories than necessary.(3)我想推荐成都作为你的旅游目的地，因为成都有许多景点，例如都江堰。(应用文写作之推荐信)I’d like to recommend Chengdu as your travel destination，because Chengdu has a large quantity of/large quantities of tourist attractions，such as Dujiangyan. trick n．诀窍；计谋；诡计；把戏 vt.欺骗；欺诈(tricky adj.棘手的；难对付的)•play a trick/tricks on sb.捉弄某人•trick sb.out of sth.骗取某人某物trick sb.into doing sth.欺骗某人做某事 (1)These naughty boys played tricks on the shy girl，who at last lost her temper.(2)He was tricked into giving(give) up a large quantity of money belonging to him.(3)作为一名来自美国的交换生，我喜欢吃水饺。你可以告诉我包水饺的诀窍吗？(应用文写作之求助信)As an exchange student from America，I like eating dumplings.Would you please tell me the trick of making dumplings？ consist of由……组成(或构成)(consistent adj.一致的；连续的)•consist in在于；存在于consist of＝be made up of＝be comprised of＝be composed of由……组成•be consistent with...与……一致 (1)Keep in mind that our ideal life is not always consistent with the reality.(2)大家都知道，生活中不仅有阳光，还有风雨。(读后续写之升华句)①It is universally acknowledged that life consists of not only sunshine but also storms.(consist of)②It is universally acknowledged that life is made up of not only sunshine but also storms.(be made up of)③It is universally acknowledged that not only sunshine but also storms make up life.(make up)用法点拨　consist of没有进行时态和被动语态；make up意为“组成，构成”。 regardless of不顾；不管•regardless of the fact that...不顾……的事实•in spite of＝despite尽管(后常接名词，不接从句)•with regard to关于；至于 不管有多大的挑战，为了给妹妹赢一双新鞋，阿里决定参加跑步比赛。尽管在比赛中意外摔倒，阿里还是跳了起来，冲向终点线。至于结果，阿里赢得了三等奖，获得了新鞋，像鸟儿一样飞奔回家。(读后续写片段)Regardless of great challenges，Ali was determined to take part in the running race to win a new pair of shoes for his younger sister.In spite of/Despite an unexpected fall during the race，Ali jumped to his feet and dashed towards the finish line.With regard to the result，Ali won the third prize，got the new shoes，and flew to his home like a bird.  Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.又累又饿，一个汉字也不认识，我们压根儿不知道如何点餐，于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。形容词tired，hungry和现在分词短语not knowing a word of Chinese在本句中作状语。形容词(短语)作状语：•说明谓语动词表示的动作发生时，主语所处的状态。•表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。 (1)使我们欣慰的是，丢失的孩子10天后返回了家，虽筋疲力尽但很健康。To our relief，the missing child returned home ten days later，exhausted but healthy.(2)既兴奋又感动，他们泪流满面。(读后续写之兴奋心理描写)Excited and moved，they were in tears.(3)害怕找不到我们回农场的路，我坐在树旁，胳膊紧紧地抱着肩膀。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)Afraid of not finding our way to the farm，I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly. And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。倍数的表达方式：•A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as B•A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than B•A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length/...)＋of B 这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们新学校的面积是10年前的三倍大。(1)The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our new school is three times as large as what it was ten years ago.(倍数＋adj./adv.原级)(2)The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our new school is three times larger than what it was ten years ago.(倍数＋adj./adv.比较级)(3)The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our new school is three times the size of what it was ten years ago.(倍数＋the＋名词＋of)提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．trick(1)Patience is the trick of doing this job well.  C  (2)Unexpectedly，our monitor can perform magic tricks.  B  (3)An advertiser might be trying to trick customers into buying a product or a service.  D  (4)If the neighbors do not give any sweets，the children might play a trick on them.  A  2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)He had saved a modest amount of money，which made him very happy.不太多的；些许的(2)What made us shocked was that he consumed all the cookies.吃Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．Prior to leaving(leave) for France，he has been exposed to various French traditional culture.2. As far as I know，happiness consists in satisfaction rather than too much money.3．In fact，shouldn’t it be up to us to define what roles are suitable to us?4．Regardless of the outcome，I will be optimistic rather than depressed.5．A large quantity of ambitious students have(have) participated in extracurricular activities since last semester.6．No one can deny the fact that fresh air is fundamental to good health，so we must regularly go outdoors.7．There are many serious health problems in association(associate) with smoking.8．He tricked me into buying this seemingly excellent cellphone，which cost me an arm and a leg.9．Paper produced every year is three times the weight of the world’s production of vehicles.10. Generally speaking，we will associate a person’s character with his growing surroundings. Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练感谢信——学英语1．您帮助我之前我英语学得不好。(had done)I hadn’t got along well with English before you helped me.2．在过去我的英语分数没有我的同学高。(as...as...)I didn’t get as high English marks as my classmates in the past.3．在那时，我既沮丧又失望，不知道如何改变这种糟糕的情况。(形容词短语作状语)At that time，depressed and disappointed，I didn’t know how to change the terrible situation.4．多亏您的慷慨帮助，我现在的分数是从前的两倍。(倍数表达法)Thanks to your generous help，now I can get twice as many scores as before.5．因此，我确实从心底感激您的帮助。(强调谓语动词)As a consequence，I do appreciate your help from the bottom of my heart.Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练教材续写语料1．情感描写bold adj.大胆自信的；敢于冒险的modest adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的temper n．脾气；火气2．动作描写chew vi.& vt.咀嚼；嚼碎；咬住stuff vt.填满；把……塞进consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗trick vt.欺骗 n．诀窍；计谋；把戏续写语料运用请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。一个大胆的男孩满脑子充满了各种各样的鬼把戏。他经常骗他的同学做各种各样的事情。另外，他脾气暴躁。他的同学都无比愤怒。后来，当他被班主任严厉批评的时候，这个男孩咬着嘴唇，低着头，流下了羞愧的泪水。A bold boy was stuffed with various tricks in his mind.He often tricked his classmates into doing various things.Besides，he had a hot temper.All his classmates were very angry.Later，when criticized by his headteacher severely，the boy chewed on his lip，lowered his head and shed tears of shame.