所属成套资源:高中英语新高考语法二轮复习讲义 知识点总结整理
高中英语新高考语法二轮复习讲义(20)易用错动词(spend,take,cost、await,wait等)知识点总结整理
展开
高中英语新高考语法一轮复习讲义(20)易用错动词(spend,take,cost、await,wait等)知识点总结整理——spend,take与cost这三个词均有“花费”的意思,但他们的用法却不尽相同,spend的主语必须是人, 常用于以下结构:Spend的适用句型:人+spend+时间或金钱+动名词On +名词例1: She spent $100 on a new dress(她花了一百元买了一-条新连衣裙)例2: They spent two years building this bridge(他们花了两年时间建这座桥)cost的主语是物或某种活动, 常见用法如下:Cost的适用句型: 某物+costs+(人)+金钱例1: A new computer costs a lot of money (买电脑要花一大笔钱)It+costs+(人)+金钱+to V.例2: It costs me 10 dollars to buy the book (买这本书花了我十美金)take作“花费”来讲只能是花费时间,不能是钱,后面常跟双宾语,用法如下:take的使用句型: It+takes+(人)+时间+to v.例1: It takes three years to build this road (建这条路花费了三年) ——agree + 介词 + 名词(代词)的重要短语
agree on…… 就(条约)达成协议例:We finally agreed on the contract.(我们最终就条约达成了协议)agree to + 事物 同意某事 例:He agree to pay me for the drawing.(他同意买我的画)agree with + 人 同意某人例:I see your point, but I'm not sure agree with you.(我明白你的观点,但我不太同意你) ——decide与determinedecide表“决定”可做及物动词或不及物动词,作及物动词可接不定式或名词性从句作宾语Decide作及物动词句型:decide to V决定要....decide + that/whether/疑问词引导的名词性从句决定....例1:I've decided to take a trip to Tokyo this summer(今年夏天我决定去东京玩一趟)例2:You need to decide when we will set out(你需要决定我们什么时候出发) determine表“判定”或“决定”之意,可用名词或名词性从句作宾语名词性从句作宾语:The court will determine whether he is guilty(法院会决定他是否有罪)名词作宾语:The Baltic people have a tight to determine their own future(波罗的海人有权决定他们自己的命运)相关短语:be determined to do 决心要……,表状态determine to do 决定做某事,表动作determined为过去分词做形容词用,表示“已下定决心的”,因此be determined to do表示坚决的去做某事,而determine to do是决定去做。例:He determined to go home at once. 他决定要立刻回家。 I was determined to tell him what I had known. 我决心要告诉他我所知道的。
——wait与awaitwait表“等候”为不及物动词,常与介词for连用。使用句型为:wait for sb/sth 等候某人或某物例:I will wait for you at the school gate.(我会在学校门口等你)await也表“等候”,为及物动词,之后多接表事物的宾语,即 await sth= wait for sth例:We are still awaiting your reply= We are still waiting for your reply(我们一直在等候你的回答)有些动词加介副词的动词短语,宾语既可置于介词后,也可置于介词之前
例1:we have to carry out that mission= We have to carry that mission out(我们必须执行那项任务)Bring up抚养call down斥责Figure out想出, 弄明白call off取消give up放弃Cross out删去put out熄火do over重做take off脱掉(衣服)talk over商讨take over接管think over考虑pick up捡起think up设计put off延期try on试穿(衣服)put on穿上hand in交出try out实验(机器,想法)look over检查turn down拒绝look up查(生词,电话号码等)turn in交出make out理解turn off关上pick out挑出turn on打开注意:代词一定要置于介副词之前例:The T-shirt looks good, can I try it on?(这件衬衫不错,我可以试穿吗?)这类动词还有很多,如steal与rob、mend与repair、see与look与watch等,这些都是很简单的初中词汇,大家在学习英语的过程中要多积累,使用时才不会有语法错误。另外除了这些近同义词,还有一些词像前面我们讲过的起来(感官)动词(feel,look,sound,taste和smell)、知觉动词(see,watch,notice,hear,listen to,feel等)以及remember、forget、regret等也容易弄错,这些词虽然很简单,但用法比较特殊,同学们要留意。