(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义 教材知识解读 必修第2册　Unit 1　Cultural Heritage (含答案)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义 教材知识解读 必修第2册　Unit 1　Cultural Heritage (含答案)，共14页。



教材词汇要记牢
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
1．heritage n．遗产(指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色)
2．temple n．庙；寺
3．relic n．遗物；遗迹
4．clue n．线索；提示
5．cypress n．柏树
6．dam n．水坝；拦河坝
7．committee n．委员会
8．fund n．基金；专款
9．document n．文件；公文；(计算机)文档vt.记录；记载(详情)
10．republic n．共和国
11．archaeologist n．考古学家
12．pyramid n．(古埃及的)金字塔；棱锥体
13．sheet n．一张(纸)；床单；被单
14．chiwen n．鸱吻
15．digital adj.数码的；数字显示的
16．image n．形象；印象
17．cave n．山洞；洞穴
18．historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的
19．quote vt.引用
20．paraphrase n．，vi.& vt.(用更容易理解的文字)解释
21．comparison n．比较；相比
22．contrast n．对比；对照vt.对比；对照
23．identify vt.确认；认出；找到
24．the Nile尼罗河
25．Egypt埃及(国家名)
26．Egyptian adj.埃及的
27．UNESCO abbr.联合国教科文组织
28．Moscow莫斯科(俄罗斯首都)
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1．mount n．山峰vt.爬上；骑上vi.爬；登上
2．former adj.以前的；(两者中)前者的
3．preserve vt.保存；保护；维持n．保护区
4．promote vt.促进；提升；推销；晋级
5．app n．应用程序；应用软件(application的缩略形式)
6．balance n．平衡；均匀vt.使平衡
7．likely adj.可能的adv.可能地
8．department n．部；司；科
9．within prep.& adv.在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内
10．issue n．重要议题；争论的问题vt.宣布；公布
11．conduct n．行为；举止；管理方法 vt.组织；安排；带领
12．attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试
13．worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的
14．download vt.下载 n．下载；已下载的数据资料
15．entrance n．入口；进入
16．process n．过程；进程；步骤vt.处理；加工
17．overseas adj.海外的adv.在海外
18．exit n．出口；通道 vi.& vt.出去；离去
19．parade n．游行；检阅 vi.游行庆祝；游行示威
20．mirror n．镜子
21．roof n．顶部；屋顶
22．dragon n．龙
23．forgive vt.& vi.(forgave，forgiven) 原谅；宽恕vt.对不起；请原谅
24．quality n．质量；品质；素质；特征adj.优质的；高质量的
25．further adv.(far的比较级)更远；进一步
26．opinion n．意见；想法；看法
27．forever adv.永远；长久地
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1．creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地→creative adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→create vt.创造→creativity n．创造性；创造力
2．promote vt.促进；提升；推销；晋级→promotion n．提升；推销；晋级
3．application n．申请(表)；用途；运用；应用(程序)→apply vt.& vi.申请；应用→applicant n．申请人
4．proposal n．提议；建议→propose vt.提议；建议
5．establish vt.建立；创立→establishment n．建立；创立
6．limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定→limited adj.有限的；受限制的→limitless adj.无限的；无尽的
7．prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠→prevention n．防止；预防→preventive adj.预防性的；防备的
8．loss n．丧失；损失→lose vt.丢失→lost adj.迷路的；失去的
9．contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠→contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助
10．donate vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血)→donation n．捐赠；赠送→donor n．捐赠者；捐赠人
11．disappear vi.消失；灭绝；消亡→disappearance n．消失；灭绝→(反义词)appear vi.出现→appearance n．出现；外表
12．professional adj.专业的；职业的 n．专业人员；职业选手→profession n．专业；职业→professor n．教授
13．tradition n．传统；传统的信仰或风俗→traditional adj.传统的
14．comparison n．比较；相比→compare vt.& vi.与……相比较
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．take part in参与(某事)；参加(某活动)
2．give way to让步；屈服
3．keep balance保持平衡
4．lead to导致
5．make a proposal提出建议
6．turn to向……求助
7．prevent...from...阻止；不准
8．donate...to...向……捐赠……
9．make sure确保；设法保证
10．all over the world在世界各地
11．the Forbidden City紫禁城
高频词汇来助力
1．average adj.平均的；普通的n．平均数
2．awful adj.可怕的
3．awkward adj.尴尬的；笨拙的
4．bacterium(复bacteria)n．细菌
5．baggage n．行李
6．bare adj.空的；赤裸的
7．bargain n．(经讨价还价之后)成交的商品；廉价货vi.讨价还价
8．barrier n．障碍；隔阂
经典句式需悟通
1．There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.
新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。
2．Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。
3．It is said that it’s a mirror that can tell right from wrong!
据说这是一面可以分辨是非的镜子！
4．This makes it an important cultural heritage site not just for China，but for all people around the world.
这使得它不仅是中国的重要文化遗产，也是全世界人民的重要文化遗产。
5．Every part of the Great Wall is easy to find and see.
长城的每一部分都很容易找到、看到。


Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．heritage n．遗产
2．clue n．线索；提示
3．committee n．委员会
4．document n．文件；公文；(计算机)文档
5．digital adj.数码的；数字显示的
6．image n．形象；印象
7．quote vt.引用
8．contrast n．对比；对照
9．identify vt.确认；认出；找到
10．UNESCO abbr.联合国教科文组织
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共10分)
11．former adj.以前的；(两者中)前者的
12．preserve vt.保存；保护；维持n．保护区
13．promote vt.促进；提升；推销；晋级
14．application n．申请(表)；用途；运用；应用(程序)
15．balance n．平衡；均匀 vt.使平衡
16．likely adj.可能的 adv.可能地
17．attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试
18．worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的
19．entrance n．入口；进入
20．forgive vt.& vi.(forgave，forgiven)原谅；宽恕 vt.对不起；请原谅
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共12分)
21．creatively adv.创造性地→creative adj.创造性的→create vt.创造→creativity n．创造性；创造力
22．limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定→limited adj.有限的；受限制的→limitless adj.无限的；无尽的
23．prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠→prevention n．防止；预防→preventive adj.预防性的；防备的
24．contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠→contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助
25．disappear vi.消失；灭绝→disappearance n．消失；灭绝→(反义词)appear vi.出现→appearance n．出现；外表
26．tradition n．传统；传统的信仰或风俗→traditional adj.传统的
Ⅳ.高频词汇(每小题2分，共10分)
27．awful adj.可怕的
28．awkward adj.尴尬的；笨拙的
29．bacterium n．细菌
30．baggage n．行李
31．barrier n．障碍；隔阂
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共18分)
32．give way to让步；屈服
33．keep balance保持平衡
34．lead to导致
35．make a proposal 提出建议
36．turn to 向……求助
37．prevent...from...阻止；不准
38．donate...to... 向……捐赠……
39．make sure确保；设法保证
40．the Forbidden City紫禁城

Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共16分)
1．As we all know，it is worthwhile to preserve cultural relics and historic sites.
2．We must do our best to protect these historic sites from disappearing/disappearance(消失)．
3．His careless conduct(行为) led to the loss of the documents，so he had to type another one within limited time.
4．A committee was established to investigate the issue to prevent the mountain fire.
5．It’s a good tradition for the company to care more about quality than quantity throughout the process.
6．Though the young man attempted to download her digital photos without her permission，she chose to forgive him.
7．In my opinion，the archaeologist should go overseas to study the historic relics.
8．On a sheet of paper，he drew the image(图像) of a dragon.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．The young man created a machine to solve the tricky problem creatively，and thus he was considered to be a creative person.(create)
10．Some applicants are filling in application forms to apply for a well-paid job.(apply)
11．Knowledge is limitless，but my memory limits me to remember only limited information.(limit)
12．The instant the old gardener appeared，all the girls picking flowers ran in all directions and soon disappeared.(disappear)
13．Prevention is better than cure，so we must take preventive measures to prevent COVID-19 from spreading.(prevent)
14．The donor generously donated food and money to the poor family and his donation helped them go through the hard time.(donate)
15．The father proposed that his daughter should accept her boyfriend’s proposal.(propose)
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)
16．高考后，你将会填志愿。你必须作出抉择的时候到了。
After the College Entrance Examination，you will fill in the application form.There comes a time when you have to make a choice.
17．通过参加汉语角，你不但可以提高自己的汉语口语，还可以交到新朋友。
By going to the Chinese corner，not only can you improve your spoken Chinese，but also you can make new friends.
18．据说，约300人参加了这次马拉松。
It is said that about 300 people took part in the marathon.
19．优美的景色使得张家界成为中国著名的旅游胜地。
The beautiful scenery makes Zhangjiajie a famous tourist attraction in China.
20．他去年写的那本书很难理解。
The book he wrote last year is difficult to understand.

Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
In the course of economic development，there comes a time 1.when the old must give way to the new.2.Keeping(keep) balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a great challenge.In the 1950s，the Egyptian government wanted 3.to build(build) a new dam.However，the project led 4.to protests，because water from the dam would likely damage a number of cultural relics.So the government turned to the UN for help.A committee 5.was established(establish) to deal with the challenge and experts investigated the issue，conducted several tests and made a 6.proposal (propose) to save the cultural relics.7.Finally(final)，the work began in 1960.The temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece and then moved and put back together again in a new place.Over the next 20 years,8.thousands(thousand) of engineers and workers rescued countless cultural relics.In 1980，the project ended,9.which was considered 10.a great success.It shows that if a problem seems too difficult for a single nation，the global community can sometimes provide a solution.
Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元Reading for Writing部分

Scientists from home and abroad recorded and collected 1.digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves，a key stop along the Silk Road 2.throughout China’s ancient history.About 500,000 3.high-quality digital photographs were produced.The Mogao Caves have long been a meeting point for different cultures.Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves.By sharing digital photographs over the Internet，the group hopes to 4.promote even wider interest around the world in China’s ancient history，culture and 5.traditions.They also hope to 6.further educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics for future generations.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
preserve vt.保护；保存；维持
n．保护区
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Some students are searching for clues to creatively preserve the old temple on Mount Tai from/against being damaged.
(2)Well before the arrival of freezers，there was a demand for ice for food preservation(preserve) and catering.
(3)We will visit some Roman monuments in the world，which are preserved(preserve) well.
•preserve...from/against...保护……免受……
•be well-preserved保存良好的
•nature preserve自然保护区
•preservation n.维护；保护；保养

再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(4)他们强调了保护历史遗迹的重要性。(应用文之传统文化)
They stressed the importance of preserving the historic heritage.
balance n．平衡；均匀
vt.使平衡
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Finding the right balance between progress and the preservation of cultural relics can be a big challenge.
(2)You’d better keep a balanced(balance) diet for the benefit of your health.
(3)Before making the final decision，you’d better balance the advantages against the disadvantages.
•keep/lose (one’s) balance保持/失去(某人的)平衡
keep a balance between A and B　在A和B之间保持平衡
•balance...against权衡，比较
•balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(4)如果你想拥有快乐的学校生活，你最好在学习与放松之间保持平衡。
If you want to have a happy school life，you’d better keep a balance between study and relaxation.
likely adv.可能地
adj.可能的
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)The investigation is likely to lead(lead) to a protest against this proposal.
(2)If you don’t hurry，it is likely that you will miss your flight.
•Sb./Sth.be likely to do sth.某人/某物有可能做某事
It is likely that...可能……
•probable的常用句型：It is probable that...很可能……
•possible的常用句型：It is possible (for sb.) to do sth./It is possible that...(某人)可能做……

再提能力——完美写作·句型转换·背诵
(3)They are likely to be fired by the company because of their fault.
→It is likely/possible/probable that they will be fired by the company because of their fault.
limit n．限度；限制
vt.限制；限定
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Life is limited(limit)，but there is no limit to serving(serve) the people.
(2)We must set a limit on/to the expense of the trip.
•set a limit to/on限制……
beyond the limit超过限度
There is a/no limit to...(to为介词) ……是有限的/无限的。
•limit...to...把……限定在……范围内
•limited adj.有限的

再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(3)要求你的文章限制在800词以内。(应用文之征文通知)
You are required to limit your essay to 800 words.
contribution n.捐献；贡献；捐赠
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)The group asked for contributions(contribution) from different departments.
(2)We hope your proposal will contribute to solving(solve) the problem.
(3)Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes.
(2020·天津)
•make contributions/a contribution to对……做出贡献；捐款
•contribute v．捐献；贡献；投稿；导致
contribute...to...把……贡献给……
contribute to(to为介词)有助于；导致；把(时间)投入到……；捐款；投稿

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(4)环境保护从我做起，每个人都能为环保做贡献。(应用文之环保话题)
Environmental protection starts with me，and everyone can make contributions/a contribution to the cause.
attempt vt.& n.企图；试图；尝试
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)I attempted to download(download) some professional documents from the Internet，but during the process，it suddenly disappeared.
(2)Such an attempt to establish(establish) a positive relationship between a company and the general public was unusual at that time.
(3)A man is being questioned who is in relation to the attempted(attempt) murder last night.
•attempt to do/(at) doing...尝试(试图)做……
•make an attempt to do/(at) doing...尝试做……
at the first attempt第一次尝试
•attempted adj.未遂的

再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(4)我们试图在黑暗中认出回家的路，但是白费力气。(2018·6月浙江，读后续写)
We attempted to make out the way back home in the darkness，but in vain.
lead to导致(to为介词)
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Curiosity is very important because it leads to discovery or invention.
(2)He travels widely and leads a content life.
(3)Tom’s desire for success led him to work(work) hard and finally he made it.
lead sb.to do...使某人做……
lead sb.to...引导某人到……
lead the way带路
lead sb.by the nose牵着某人的鼻子走
lead a ...life过……的生活

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(4)有了那位老人带路，我们终于走出了林子。(读后续写)
With the old man leading the way，we finally walked out of the woods.
turn to向……求助；转向；致力于；翻到；查阅
turn down调小(音量等)；拒绝 turn in上交
turn up调大(音量等)；出现 　 turn off关上
turn out结果是；证明是 　 turn on打开

先练基础——根据句意用turn短语的正确形式填空
(1)Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
(2)Let’s not wait any longer; he might not turn up at all.
(3)Faced with all the difficulties，the girl turned to her mother for comfort.
(4)What he said at the meeting turned out to be reasonable.
再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(5)无论你什么时候遇到麻烦，不要犹豫，向我求助。(应用文之建议信)
Whenever you get into trouble，don’t hesitate to turn to me for help.
not only...but also...
Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)They speak English not only in class but also in the dormitory.
(2)Not only the students but also the teacher was/is(be) against the plan.
(3)Not only does the sun give(give) us light but also it gives us heat.
not only...but also...不但……而且……，连接两个平行结构，当连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词要根据but also 后的名词决定单复数(就近原则)；而且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，but also后面的句子不倒装。

再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(4)通过去英语角，你不但可以提高英语口语而且可以交新朋友。
By going to the English corner，not only can you improve your oral English but also you can make new friends.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练——清除阅读障碍
turn to

1．At last，I will be on my own，but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever I need help.
B
2．It is time that he turned his mind to more serious problems. D
3．Open your books，turn to page 21，read Part B carefully，and then finish it with the correct words from the box. A
4．Don’t always turn to the dictionary when you come across a new word. C
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．It is highly important to preserve varieties of dialects from dying(die) out.
2．The application(apply) of new technologies helps to protect classic music.
3．From my point of view，work and life are of equal importance，so you should keep a balance between them.
4．People who appreciate others’efforts are more likely to be regarded(regard) as respectable people.
5. No matter when the boy meets with a difficult problem related to study，he will turn to the app called Zuoyebang.
6. Despite the ups and downs in our history，nobody can prevent our culture developing(develop) forward.
7．Donations from billions of people contributed to the recovery of the earthquake-hit area.
8．He struggled with the vocabulary and attempted to remember(remember) as many words as possible.
9．When we refer to processed(process) food，which is a major problem globally，many people hold a negative attitude.
10．Not only did ancient people carve symbols on shells，but also they carved them on metal containers.
Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)
1．上周，我们学校举办了一场5公里越野赛。据说500多名学生参加了这场比赛。(It is said that...)
Our school held a 5-kilometer cross-country running race last week.It is said that more than 500 students participated in the race.
2．发令枪一响，参赛者们都知道挑战自我的时候到了。(there comes a time when...)
When the starting gun rang，all the participants knew there came a time when they had to challenge themselves.
3．同学们的积极参与使这场比赛很成功。(make＋n.＋n.)
The active participation of the students made the race a success.
4．很多同学发现终点线难以到达，但他们不放弃。(sth.＋is＋adj.＋to do)
Many students found that the finishing line was difficult to reach，but they didn’t give up.
5．通过参加这次赛跑，我们不但锻炼了身体，而且增强了意志力。(not only...but also...)
By taking part in the race，not only did we build up our body，but also we strengthened our willpower.

请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：定语从句)

A new high-speed railway was to be built through the small town.However，an archaeologist 1.protested against it，because it meant an old temple (which) they regarded as the only historic heritage and cultural relic would likely disappear.But the fund was limited.If the government gave way to him，it would lead to a great loss of money.How to keep a 2.balance between construction and protection was a challenging issue.A committee was established to 3.prevent the temple from being damaged.They conducted many investigations in an 4.attempt to solve the problem.The members referred to former documents，and turned to professionals from all over the world for advice.They made many proposals.At last，by comparison，they decided to apply the digital image technology to the preservation.5.Throughout the process，many overseas experts took part in the project.Many locals 6.donated money to the committee.They made great contributions to it.At last，everything including the entrance，the exit，the dragon on the roof and even the mirrors was 7.preserved well.The locals held a parade for it.In their opinion，good traditions were important and we should 8.promote appreciation of heritage.They would not forgive those who damage them forever.

练基础——分析画线部分所作成分并翻译句子
1．The postcard he sent me was a picture of a famous cultural relic in Egypt.
定语；他寄给我的明信片是埃及一处著名文化遗迹的图片。
2．Do you know the teacher my deskmate is talking about now?
定语；你认识我同桌现在正谈论的那个老师吗？
技巧一点通
•非正式用语中，当关系代词在从句中充当宾语时，关系代词可以省略，构成秃头定语从句。在阅读中要注意这种省略现象，当一个名词后面紧跟着一套缺宾语的主谓结构时，这套主谓结构就是修饰该名词的定语从句。但是在写作中仍然不建议省略关系代词。
•当关系代词在从句中充当主语时，关系代词一定不要省略。

提能力——微写作
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话
我已经仔细阅读了你上周寄给我的信而且很理解你说的那种感受。我们都会遇到让自己不开心的事，但我们对之所持的态度很重要。(应用文之安慰信)
I have read the letter (that/which) you sent me carefully last week and well understand the feeling (that/which) you talked about.We all encounter something that makes us unhappy，but the attitude (that/which) we hold towards it is very important.