2020-2022年全国中考英语3年真题汇编 专题42选词填空 +答案解析

这是一份2020-2022年全国中考英语3年真题汇编 专题42选词填空 +答案解析，共169页。
专题42 短文填空—选词填空

【2022年】

（一）（2022·新疆·中考真题）
根据短文内容，在每个空格处填写一个适当的词，使文章意思完整且符合逻辑。每空一词，每词限用一次。
called     painter     always     of     trying     move     works     health     started       serious
Zhang Junli, an amazing woman, is from Taiyuan, Shanxi Province. She has overcome life’s greatest difficulties to become one of the most famous ___57___ in China. She has been paralyzed (瘫痪的) for over 30 years. When she was six, Zhang had a ___58___ illness. At eight, she could not move 90% of her body. She can only ___59___ her shoulders and neck a little now. However, being paralyzed never prevented her from ___60___ to follow her dreams. Zhang took up drawing at a young age and ____61____ learning painting in 2015. Though it is hard for her to pick a paintbrush, her love for painting is ____62____ pushing her to challenge herself.
“Painting has changed me. The first time I picked up a brush, I felt that I liked to draw,” says Zhang. “The world is so beautiful. Even if I am in poor ___63___, I don’t want to give up the chance to live”. Now Zhang has created thousands ___64___ pencil sketches (素描). She also has an online shop ___65___ Zhang Junli’s Paintings, where she sells her works.
Zhang wants to use her ___66___ to encourage those who are like her, and to tell them never to give up. “Instead of crying and worrying all day, find your meaning in life. Live in the present,” says Zhang, a true inspiration.
【答案】57．painters
58．serious
59．move
60．trying
61．started
62．always
63．health
64．of
65．called
66．works
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了残疾人画家——张俊莉的励志故事。
57．
句意：她克服了人生最大的困难，成为中国最著名的画家之一。根据“learning painting”和备选词汇可知，是一名画家，one of the最高级+名词复数，painters符合句意；故填painters。
58．
句意：当她六岁的时候，她得了一场重病。根据“At eight, she could not move 90% of her body.”和备选词汇可知，得了很严重的病，serious“严重的”；故填serious。
59．
句意：她现在只能稍微活动一下肩膀和脖子了。根据“her shoulders and neck a little now”和备选词汇可知，只能移动肩膀和脖子，can后接动词原形，move符合句意；故填move。
60．
句意：然而，瘫痪并不妨碍她追寻自己的梦想。根据“to follow her dreams”和备选词汇可知，试着追随自己的梦想，prevent sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，trying符合句意；故填trying。
61．
句意：张俊莉从小就开始画画。根据“Zhang took up drawing at a young age”和备选词汇可知，需要一个动词过去式，应该是开始学习画画，started符合句意；故填started。
62．
句意：虽然她很难选择画笔，但她对绘画的热爱正促使她挑战自己。根据“pushing her to challenge herself”和备选词汇可知，总是推动她挑战自己；always符合句意；故填always。
63．
句意：即使我身体不好，我也不想放弃活下去的机会。根据全文内容和备选词汇可知，身体不好，in poor health“身体差”符合句意；故填health。
64．
句意：现在，张俊莉已经创作了数千幅铅笔素描。thousands of“成千上万”，故填of。
65．
句意：她还开了一家网店，名叫“张俊莉的画”，出售她的作品。根据“where she sells her works”和备选词汇可知，叫作张俊莉的画，called符合句意；故填called。
66．
句意：张俊莉想用她的作品来鼓励那些和她一样的人，告诉他们永远不要放弃。根据“encourage those who are like her”和备选词汇可知，用作品鼓励人们，works符合句意；故填works。


（二）（2022·甘肃武威·中考真题）
用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词或短语限用一次。
can, I, be, five, miss, good, in, road, wait for, back
“What a great film!” says Dan.Dan Parks and Sue Barrington are leaving the Odeon cinema in Oxford.
“I love Eddie Redmayne,” says Sue.
“Yes, he’s a ___41___ actor,” replies Dan.
He looks at his watch.
“It’s ___42___ o’clock already,” he says. “Time to get home.”
“Yes,” says Sue. “It’s beginning to get dark.”
They walk up the street and look for their bikes. There ___43___ a lot of bikes in Oxford. The city is flat and a lot of people cycle.
“There’s my bike,” says Dan. He looks for Sue’s, but he ___44___ see it.
“Where’s ___45___?” asks Sue. “It’s not here.”
Then they see her bike lock on the ground — ___46___ two bits.
“Oh no!” says Sue. “Bike thieves!”
Dan looks up and down the road. He sees a police car fifty metres away on the other side of the street.
“___47___ me,” he says to Sue, and runs across the street.
She watches him. He talks through the window of the police car and points ___48___ at her.
Then a policewoman gets out of the car and comes across the road with Dan.
“Hello,” says the policewoman to Sue. “I’m PC Jennings. Your friend tells me your bike is ___49___ . Now tell me about the bike.”
“Well, it’s blue,” begins Sue. “It’s a ____50____ bike. And it’s only a year old.”
Jennings writes everything in her notebook.
…
【答案】41．good
42．five
43．are
44．can’t
45．mine
46．in
47．Wait for
48．back
49．missing
50．road
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了Dan和Sue一起去看电影，看完电影出来后发现Sue的自行车不见了，于是Dan向周围的警察求助，警察登记了Sue的自行车信息。
41．
句意：他是一名优秀的演员。此空缺少形容词修饰名词actor，备选词good“优秀的”符合，故填good。
42．
句意：已经五点钟了。根据“o’clock ”可知，此空应填入数词，表示具体的时刻，备选词five“五”符合，故填five。
43．
句意：牛津有很多自行车。there be表示“有”，句子是一般现在时，bikes是复数形式，be动词用are，故填are。
44．
句意：但是他找不到它。根据“He looks for Sue’s”及but可知，他没有找到Sue的自行车，备选词can的否定形式can’t“不能”符合，故填can’t。
45．
句意：我的自行车在哪里？根据““There’s my bike,” says Dan. He looks for Sue’s, but he… see it”可知，没有找到Sue的自行车，所以Sue问自己的自行车在哪，空格后无名词，应填名词性物主代词mine表示“我的（自行车）”，故填mine。
46．
句意：然后他们看到她的自行车锁在地上，断成两截。根据“two bits”可知，此处指变成了两截，备选词in符合，故填in。
47．
句意：等我一下。根据“he says to Sue, and runs across the street”可知，他让Sue等他一下，wait for“等待”，此处是祈使句的肯定形式，应填动词原形，句首的单词首字母要大写，故填Wait for。
48．
句意：他隔着警车的窗户说话，回头指着她。根据“He talks through the window of the police car and points… at her”及备选词可知，他向警察解释是谁遇到了问题，所以此处是回头指着Sue，point back“回头指”，故填back。
49．
句意：你朋友告诉我你的自行车不见了。is后接形容词作表语，根据前文的描述可知，Sue的自行车不见了，missing“消失的”符合，故填missing。
50．
句意：这是一辆公路自行车。此空的词语修饰名词bike，备选词road“公路”符合，故填road。


（三）（2022·湖北随州·中考真题）
从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其适当的形式完成短文，每词只能用一次，每空一词。
good   realize   although   they   use   interest   hide   face   quick   in
How I Learned to Learn EnglishLast year, I did not like my English class. Every class was like a bad dream. The teacher spoke so ____36____ that I did not understand her most of the time. I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. I just ____37____ behind my textbook and never said anything.
Then one day I watched an English movie called Toy Stony. I fell ____38____ love with this exciting and funny movie! So I began to watch other English movies, too. ____39____ I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their ____40____ helped me to get the meaning. I also ____41____ I could get the meaning by listening for just the key words. My pronunciation improved as well by listening to the conversations in English movies. I discovered that listening to something ____42____ is the secret to language learning. I also learned ____43____ sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It server you right”. I did not understand these sentences at first. But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked ____44____ up in a dictionary.
Now I really enjoy my English class. I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a ____45____ understanding of English movies.
【答案】36．quickly
37．hid
38．in
39．Although
40．faces
41．realized
42．interesting
43．useful
44．them
45．better
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了作者是如何学习英语的。
36．
句意：老师说得太快了，我大部分时间都听不懂。根据“I did not understand her most of the time”可知作者听不懂是因为老师说得太快，此处应用quickly修饰动词，故填quickly。
37．
句意：我只是躲在课本后面，从来什么都不说。根据“behind my textbook and never said anything.”结合备选词汇可知，此处指的是藏在课本后，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填hid。
38．
句意：我爱上了这部激动人心又有趣的电影！固定短语fall in love with“爱上……”，故填in。
39．
句意：虽然我不能理解人物说的每句话，但是他们的肢体语言和脸上的表情帮助我理解意思。根据“I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their...helped me to get the meaning. ”可知前后句有转折含义，结合备选词汇可知although“尽管”符合语境，故填Although。
40．
句意：虽然我不能理解人物说的每句话，但是他们的肢体语言和脸上的表情帮助我理解意思。根据“the expressions”可知指的是面部表情，face“脸”，是名词，结合“their ”可知名词用复数，故填faces。
41．
句意：我也意识到我可以通过只听关键词来理解意思。根据“I could get the meaning by listening for just the key words.”结合备选词汇可知，通过只听关键词来理解意思是作者意识到的，结合语境可知句子用一般过去时，故填realized。
42．
句意：我发现听一些有趣的东西是学习语言的秘密。根据“to something...is the secret to language learning.”结合备选词汇可知听一些有趣的东西是学习语言的秘密，此处用于形容词作定语修饰代词，interesting符合，故填interesting。
43．
句意：我还学会了一些有用的句子，比如“这是小菜一碟”或“你活该”。根据“sentences ”结合备选词汇可知此处指的是有用的，useful作定语修饰名词，故填useful。
44．
句意：但因为我想理解这个故事，我就查了字典。根据上文提到的句子可知，此处指的是在字典里查句子，且空处位于动词后，应用they的宾格them，故填them。
45．
句意：我想学习新单词和更多的语法，这样我就能更好地理解英语电影。根据“I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a...understanding of English movies.”可知此处是指更好的理解英语电影，这里暗含比较之意，应用good的比较级better，故填better。


（四）（2022·江苏苏州·中考真题）
请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在横线上填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。
dish            finish          until               have a gift for          so that
Mom often says, “Cooking is an important skill, and it can be fun!” But I had no interest in cooking at all ___44___ I met with a cooking app（应用软件）. There are different kinds of recipes（菜谱）in the app. They offer detailed instructions ___45___ users can follow them step by step. Most of them even include photos or videos, which are quite useful for beginners. Last week, I picked up a popular recipe to cook fish. When I ___46___, it was exactly what I wanted and tasted delicious. Then I tried more recipes. Now I can cook a couple of ___47___. I find cooking is great fun and it seems that I ___48___ cooking. My plan is to invite my friends over next weekend and show them my new skills. I hope they will like my cooking.
【答案】44．until
45．so that
46．finished
47．dishes
48．have a gift for
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍自己爱上烹饪的过程。
44．
句意：但我没有兴趣做饭，直到我遇到了一个烹饪应用软件。根据“But I had no interest in cooking at all... I met with a cooking app.”可知，直到遇到一个烹饪应用软件才对做饭产生了兴趣，“否定词+until”表示“直到……才”，引导时间状语从句，故填until。
45．
句意：它们提供的详细说明，以便用户可以逐步遵循这些规则。“users can follow them step by step”是“They offer detailed instructions”的目的，用so that引导目的状语从句，故填so that。
46．
句意：当我结束的时候，这正是我想要的，味道很好。根据“When I..., it was exactly what I wanted and tasted delicious.”可知，做完发现正是自己想要的，finish“结束”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填finished。
47．
句意：现在我能做几道菜了。根据“Then I tried more recipes. Now I can cook a couple of...”可知，试了更多的菜谱，所以能做几道菜了，dish“菜”，a couple of修饰可数名词复数，故填dishes。
48．
句意：我发现烹饪很有趣，似乎我有烹饪的天赋。根据“I find cooking is great fun and it seems that I...cooking.”可知，作者有烹饪的天赋，have a gift for“对……有天赋”，故填have a gift for。





（五）（2022·江西·中考真题）
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写到答题卡的相应位置。每个词限用一次。
desert; space; heavy; be; when; woman; Chinese; love; hot; see; then
Wang Yaping is an astronaut. In 2013, she became the second Chinese woman to travel to ___47___. She is also famous for a physics class televised for more than 60 million people.Wang trained very hard for many years ___48___ an astronaut. The hardest part was ___49___ training. Wearing a spacesuit and carrying special and ___50___ equipment(装备), she walked several kilometers through the ___51___ and sandy desert. “Sometimes it was so windy and dusty(布满灰尘的),” she says, “that we couldn’t ___52___ each other even though we were just a few meters away.”
Wang ___53___ her job. She remembers watching the first ___54___ astronaut go into space. “I was so proud and also very excited. But ___55___ I watched it, a thought came into my mind: We have men pilots and women pilots; and ___56___ a man astronaut. When will there be a ___57___ astronaut? And today, it’s me becoming one of the first few.”
【答案】47．space
48．to be
49．desert
50．heavy
51．hot
52．see
53．loves
54．Chinese
55．when
56．then
57．woman
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了宇航员王亚平凭着自己的刻苦训练和坚持成为一名女宇航员的励志故事。
47．
句意：2013年，她成为第二个进入太空的中国女性。根据“she became the second Chinese woman to travel to”及备选词可知，成为第二个进入太空的中国女性，space“太空”，故填space。
48．
句意：为了成为一名宇航员，王刻苦训练了很多年。根据“Wang trained very hard for many years … an astronaut”可知，刻苦训练是为了成为宇航员，be“成为”，动词不定式作目的状语，故填to be。
49．
句意：最难的部分是沙漠训练。根据下文“she walked several kilometers through the… and sandy desert”可知，最难在于沙漠训练，desert“沙漠”，故填desert。
50．
句意：她穿着宇航服，携带着特殊而沉重的设备，在炎热的沙漠中走了几公里。根据“carrying special and … equipment”及备选词可知，携带着特殊而沉重的设备，heavy“沉重的”，形容词作定语，故填heavy。
51．
句意：她穿着宇航服，携带着特殊而沉重的设备，在炎热的沙漠中走了几公里。根据“walked several kilometers through the… and sandy desert”可知，在炎热的沙漠中走几公里，hot“炎热的”，故填hot。
52．
句意：即使我们只有几米远，我们也看不到对方。根据“Sometimes it was so windy and dusty”及“we couldn’t … each other even though we were just a few meters away”可知，沙漠布满灰尘，即使很近也看不到对方，see“看见”，couldn’t后接动词原形，故填see。
53．
句意：王亚平热爱她的工作。根据“I was so proud and also very excited”可知，看到第一个进入太空的场景感到兴奋，由此可推断出她热爱这份工作，love“热爱”，句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数形式，动词用三单，故填loves。
54．
句意：她还记得第一个中国宇航员进入太空的情景。根据“She remembers watching the first…astronaut go into space”可知，此处指第一个进入太空的中国宇航员，Chinese“中国的”，故填Chinese。
55．
句意：但当我看它的时候，一个想法进入了我的脑海。空格缺少一个连词连接两个分句，备选词when“当……时”符合，故填when。
56．
句意：我们有男飞行员和女飞行员; 然后是一个宇航员。根据“We have men pilots and women pilots; and … a man astronaut”及备选词可知，接着才是宇航员，then“然后”符合，故填then。
57．
句意：什么时候将会有女宇航员？根据“We have men pilots and women pilots; and…a man astronaut”可知，有了男宇航员，想着什么时候能有女宇航员，woman“女人”，名词作定语，故填woman。


（六）（2022·山东泰安·中考真题）
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺完整。（每词限用一次）
first,       require,       among,       care,       be,       different,       both,       habit,       how,       finally

Cooking is supposed to be the most basic living skill for humans. However, there are many kids who are used to being fed and taken ____37____ of everywhere like “little emperors and little princesses”. They can’t tell the ____38____between food materials like leeks（韭菜）and shallots（小葱）.
In order to stress（强调）the importance of hard-working spirit education ____39____ students, the Communist Party of China Central Committee recently released（发布）the guidelines. The guidelines call for students to respect labor（劳动）work. Students should learn basic life skills and develop good working ____40____ through such education.
Students will be ____41____ to understand and master the basics of home cooking from preparing vegetables to ____42____ being able to complete the whole process of home cooking independently. These will be lifelong skills for kids, helping them develop into well-rounded individuals（个体）not just students who ____43____ able to take exams.
As children’s ____44____ teachers, parents should also encourage children to learn ____45____ to do chores at home. Students should master one or two life skills every year. These skills can include cooking, washing their own clothes and tidying their rooms.
It’s really important for students to take labor education ____46____ at school and at home.
【答案】37．care
38．differences##difference
39．among
40．habits
41．required
42．finally
43．are
44．first
45．how
46．both
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了国家发布关于让学生们重视和尊重劳动的指导方针，从老师和家长角度作出了相应的建议。
37．
句意：然而，有很多孩子习惯了像“小皇帝和小公主”一样到处都有人喂，有人照顾。根据“taken … of everywhere”及备选词可知，此处用take care of表示“照顾”，故填care。
38．
句意：他们分不清韭菜和青葱这类食物。根据“They can’t tell the…between food materials like leeks（韭菜）and shallots”及备选词可知，分不清韭菜和青葱，difference“差异”，此空可以填单数名词，也可以填复数名词，故填differences/difference。
39．
句意：为了强调对学生进行勤奋精神教育的重要性。根据“In order to stress（强调）the importance of hard-working spirit education …students”及备选词可知，在学生中强调这个重要性，among“在……之中”，故填among。
40．
句意：通过这样的教育，学生应该学会基本的生活技能，养成良好的学习习惯。根据“develop good working”及备选词可知，培养好的习惯，habit“习惯”，此空应填名词复数形式，故填habits。
41．
句意：从准备蔬菜到最终能够独立完成家庭烹饪的整个过程，学生将被要求了解和掌握家庭烹饪的基本知识。根据“Students will be … to understand and master the basics of home cooking”及备选词可知，要求学生掌握这些技能，require“需要”，此处是被动语态，故此空应填过去分词，故填required。
42．
句意：从准备蔬菜到最终能够独立完成家庭烹饪的整个过程，学生将被要求了解和掌握家庭烹饪的基本知识。根据“from preparing vegetables to … being able to complete the whole process of home cooking independently”及备选词可知，此处指最终独立完成整个过程，副词finally“最终”作状语，故填finally。
43．
句意：这些将是孩子们终身的技能，帮助他们发展成为全面发展的个体，而不仅仅是能够参加考试的学生。be able to do sth“能够做某事”，句子是一般现在时，先行词students是复数形式，be动词用are，故填are。
44．
句意：作为孩子的启蒙老师，家长也应该鼓励孩子学会如何在家做家务。根据“As children’s… teachers, parents should also encourage”及常识可知，家长是孩子们的启蒙老师，first teacher“启蒙老师”，故填first。
45．
句意：作为孩子的启蒙老师，家长也应该鼓励孩子学会如何在家做家务。此空缺少引导词引导宾语从句，备选词how符合，故填how。
46．
句意：对于学生来说，在学校和家里接受劳动教育都是非常重要的。根据“at school and at home”可知，此处用both…and表示“……和……都”，故填both。


（七）（2022·山西·中考真题）
请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。
do; she; clean; leaf; interest; meaning; you; tell; have; thing; happy; celebrate

It was Friday afternoon. After getting off the school bus, Laura ran into the house ___45___.
“How was school, Laura?” asked ___46___ mom.
“It was great, Mom. Labor Day(劳动节) is coming. I am excited that I ___47___ no school next Monday!”
Laura was woken up early on Labor Day morning by her dad. He said that in honor of(纪念) Labor Day, the family planned ___48___ some cleaning. Laura couldn’t believe it. She began to wonder if this was just a bad dream.
“Laura, your breakfast is ready. We have many ___49___ to do today. Let’s get a move on,” said Laura’s mom. Laura asked her parents, “Are you serious about working today? Isn’t Labor Day a holiday?”
“Yes, Laura, it is,” replied her dad. “But your mom and I thought working hard today would make you realize why Labor Day ___50___ in the beginning.”
Laura disliked the plan, but she had no choice. First, she was asked to wash the breakfast dishes. After that, her dad ___51___ her to give their dog a bath. It was a hard task, which needed a lot of careful work. She began the work unhappily.
But things began to change as she was doing the chores. She found it was so ___52___ with so many soap bubbles(泡泡) when she brushed the dog. Then it was yard work and she helped to pick up sticks. When she finished her chores, Laura felt happy to see the yard looked much ___53___ than before.
Holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest. Doing something ___54___ can also get special pleasure. Maybe this is the spirit of Labor Day.
【答案】45．happily
46．her
47．will have##am going to have##am having
48．to do
49．things
50．was celebrated
51．told
52．interesting
53．cleaner
54．meaningful
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文，介绍劳拉一家在劳动节这天的生活。假期不一定是为了娱乐或休息，做一些有意义的事情也可以得到特殊的乐趣，也许这就是劳动节的精神。
45．
句意：下车后，劳拉高兴地跑进了房子。根据“Laura ran into the house”可知，此处需要副词修饰动词，结合后文明天不上学，所以劳拉很高兴，故填happily。
46．
句意：“学校怎么样，劳拉？”妈妈问。此处指劳拉的妈妈，用形容词性物主代词her修饰，故填her。
47．
句意：我很兴奋，下周一我就不用上学了！根据“I am excited that I...no school next Monday”可知，下周一不上学，选择have；根据“next Monday”可知，时态是一般将来时，此处也可用现在进行时表将来，故填will have/am going to have/am having。
48．
句意：他说，为了庆祝劳动节，全家打算打扫卫生。do some cleaning“打扫卫生”，plan to do sth“打算做某事”，故填to do。
49．
句意：今天我们有很多事情要做。根据“We have many...to do today.”可知，有很多事要做，many修饰可数名词复数，故填things。
50．
句意：但是你妈妈和我以为今天努力工作就会让你明白为什么一开始要庆祝劳动节。主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was celebrated。
51．
句意：在那之后，她爸爸让她给他们的狗洗澡。根据“her dad...her to give their dog a bath”可知，爸爸让劳拉给狗洗澡，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填told。
52．
句意：当她刷狗狗的时候，她发现有这么多的肥皂泡是很有趣的。根据“She found it was so...with so many soap bubbles”可知，劳拉觉得肥皂泡很有趣，故填interesting。
53．
句意：做完家务后，劳拉很高兴看到院子比以前干净多了。根据“Laura felt happy to see the yard looked much...than before”可知，做完家务会更干净，此处用形容词比较级作表语，故填cleaner。
54．
句意：做一些有意义的事情也可以得到特殊的乐趣。根据“Doing something...can also get special pleasure.”可知，做有意义的事情能得到特殊的乐趣，故填meaningful。


（八）（2022·陕西·中考真题）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。)
he   live   final   lucky   people   success   achieve   meet   much   be
In October 2021, a local newspaper told a story of a common man, Jia Shuangdeng. He ____41____ from Shaanxi Province. He not only works hard but has helped many deaf people ____42____ a better life as well.At the age of 14, something ____43____ happened to Jia and turned him into a deaf person. Sad and heartbroken, he had to leave school and learned by ____44____ at home for more than two years. Later, with other ____45____ help, he cheered up and made a living by making shoes. He ____46____ many diffculties but he faced them bravely and kept on working hard. ____47____ his shoes became popular and sold well. After a few years, he started his own factory and it was ____48____ However, he didn’t forget those who had helped him. So he decided to help the people in need. These years, he has offered many deaf people chances to work.
What he did has benefited (有益于) lots of deaf people. “The person I want to thank ____49____ in my life is Mr. Jia. Thanks to him, I’ve got a good job and have a happy life now. He always tells us although we are disabled, we can also ______50______ our dreams by working hard,” said Xie Ting, who was helped by Jia.
【答案】41．is
42．live
43．unlucky
44．himself
45．people’s
46．met
47．Finally
48．successful
49．most
50．achieve
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了贾双登的故事，14岁时他成为了一个聋人，但是通过他的努力，他获得了成功，之后他继续帮助需要帮助的人。
41．
句意：他来自陕西省。根据“from Shaanxi”以及所给词可知是短语“be from来自”，描述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语是he，be动词用is。故填is。
42．
句意：他不仅努力工作，还帮助许多聋人过上了更好的生活。根据“ but has helped many deaf people…a better life as well”以及所给词可知是帮助其他聋人过更好的生活，live“生活”，help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”。故填live。
43．
句意：14岁时，不幸的事发生在他身上，把他变成了聋人。根据“turned him into a deaf person”以及所给词可知不幸的事发生在他身上，修饰不定代词something用形容词unlucky“不幸的”作后置定语。故填unlucky。
44．
句意：悲痛欲绝，他不得不辍学在家中自学了两年多。根据“leave school and learned by”以及所给词可知是在家自学，by oneself“独自”，此处用反身代词himself“他自己”。故填himself。
45．
句意：后来，在其他人的帮助下，他振作起来，以做鞋为生。根据“other...help”以及所给词可知是在其他人的帮助下，修饰名词用名词所有格people’s“人们的”。故填people’s。
46．
句意：他经历了许多困难，但他勇敢地面对它们并继续努力工作。根据“ many diffculties but he faced them bravely”以及所给词可知遇到了很多困难，meet“遇见”，描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填met。
47．
句意：最终，他的鞋变得很受欢迎而且卖的很好。根据“his shoes became popular and sold well”以及所给词可知经过努力工作之后，他的鞋终于变得受欢迎，修饰整个句子用副词finally“最终”，放句首首字母大写。故填Finally。
48．
句意：几年后，他开了自己的工厂并且很成功。根据“he started his own factory and it was”以及所给词可知他的工厂很成功，作表语用形容词successful“成功的”。故填successful。
49．
句意：我人生中最想感谢的人就是贾先生。根据“The person I want to thank”以及所给词可知是最想感谢的人，用副词的最高级most“最”。故填most。
50．
句意：他总是告诉我们虽然我们是残疾人，但我们也可以通过努力实现我们的梦想。根据“our dreams by working hard”以及所给词可知是实现自己的梦想，achieve“实现”，情态动词后加动词原形。故填achieve。




（九）（2022·四川成都·中考真题）
clear     complete     excite     follow     health     interview     luck     shine     silence     ten     touch     well

When the other models appeared on the stage, the audience cheered and clapped. Then it was Niu’s turn. The audience suddenly became __51__. However, after four or five seconds, Niu __52__ heard someone next to the stage say in admiration, “So cool!”
Niu Yu, 24, became a(n) __53__ star at Shanghai Fashion Week for her confidence, even though she was wearing a prosthetic leg. When Niu was only 11, she __54__ lost her right leg during the Wenchuan Earthquake.
Niu has won lots of praise. This gives those who have prejudice(偏见) against the disabled a hit on the nose.
“I __55__ by something they said. They said the traditional view was that sports were for people with __56__ legs, but sports should be a kind of spirit. Even though I have lost a leg, I still deeply love sports and will do so forever,” Niu said. Actually, Niu first drew the public's attention when she __57__ a marathon—a 42-kilometer race in 2018, which was held in Wenchuan to mark the __58__ anniversary(周年纪念) of the earthquake.
Now, Niu works as a photographer and has more than 850, 000 __59__ on social platforms, such as Douyin. “I feel I have a social responsibility to bridge the disabled and the public. Showing my life to the public can allow them to ___60___ understand our group and can also tell other disabled people that our society is more tolerant(宽容) than they imagined,” she explained.
【答案】51．silent
52．clearly
53．shining     
54．unluckily   
55．was touched       
56．healthy   
57．completed     
58．tenth       
59．followers
60．better##well
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了24岁的残疾人牛雨因为自信而成为上海时装周上一颗耀眼的明星，介绍了她的一些经历。
51．
句意：观众突然安静下来。became后接形容词作表语，结合选词及“When the other models appeared on the stage, the audience cheered and clapped.”及“suddenly”可知，此处指的是“突然安静了”，故填silent。
52．
句意：然而，四、五秒钟后，牛清楚地听到舞台旁边的人赞赏地说：“太酷了！”根据“heard someone next to the stage say in admiration, “So cool!” ”及选词可知，此处用副词修饰动词， 指的是“清楚地听到”，故填clearly。
53．
句意：24岁的牛雨因为自信而成为上海时装周上一颗耀眼的明星，尽管她戴着一条假腿。空处修饰其后的名词，应用形容词作定语，结合选词可知，此处指的是“耀眼的明星”，故填shining。
54．
句意：牛只有11岁的时候，在汶川地震中不幸失去了右腿。根据“lost her right leg”及选词可知，失去右腿是不幸地，空处修饰动词，应用副词形式，故填unluckily 。
55．
句意：我被他们说的话感动了。根据“by something they said”及选词可知，牛被他们的话感动了，主语与动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动，故填was touched。
56．
句意：运动是为了腿部健康的人，但运动应该是一种精神。根据“the traditional view was that sports were for people”及选词和常识可知，传统的观念认为运动是有健康的腿的人们才能做的，空处用形容词修饰其后的名词，故填healthy。
57．
句意：事实上，牛在2018年完成了一场42公里的马拉松比赛时，第一次引起了公众的注意。句子缺少谓语，空处应填动词，结合选词及“a marathon”可知，此处指的是“完成马拉松”，发生在过去的动作，动词用过去式，故填completed。
58．
句意：这场比赛在汶川举行，以纪念地震十周年。空处修饰“anniversary(周年纪念) of the earthquake”，结合选词可知，此处用序数词tenth“第十”修饰，故填tenth。
59．
句意：现在，牛是一名摄影师，在抖音等社交平台上拥有超过85万粉丝。根据“more than 850, 000...on social platforms, such as Douyin”及选词可知，拥有85万多追随者，此处名词用复数形式，故填followers。
60．
句意：向公众展示我的生活可以让他们更好/更好地了解我们的群体。空处修饰动词“understand”，应用副词形式，此处也可以表示暗含着与之前的比较，故可以用副词原级，也可以用比较级形式，故填better/well。


（十）（2022·四川达州·中考真题）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每词限用一次。
be; post; science; other; surprise; see; while; one; anything; we

What color is a tennis ball? Ask your classmates, and they might give you some ___51___ answers.
The Atlantic asked 30, 000 people this question. Among the people surveyed, 52 percent said tennis balls are green, 42 percent said yellow, and 6 percent said ___52___ else.
According to the International Tennis Federation, tennis balls ___53___ yellow. So, why do most people say that they’re green?
When we ___54___ see an object in natural light, our brains recognize its true color. Even if the object ___55___ in different kinds of light later, our brains can still tell its true color. ___56___ call this color constancy (色彩恒常性). For example, we know that China’s flag is red. When we see it during sunset or under purple light, we still know that it is red, even if it looks like a different color.
However, the color of a tennis ball is not as pure (纯的) as the flag. It appears to be a mixture of yellow, a “warm” color, and green, a “cool” color.
The US-based magazine says that when ___57___ brains try to figure out what color the ball is, some people ignore (忽略) cool colors like green, blue and purple. So they see the ball as yellow. ___58___ ignore warm colors, such as red, yellow and orange. They see the ball as green.
It is not just tennis balls that make such confusion. In 2015, a girl ___59___ a picture of a dress online. Some people said the dress was black and blue ___60___ other people said it was gold and white. They had different opinions based on whether they ignored cool or warm colors.
【答案】51．surprising
52．something
53．are
54．first
55．is seen
56．Scientists
57．our
58．Others
59．posted
60．while
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们科普色彩恒常性，不同的人看同一事物，看到的颜色是不一样的。
51．
句意：问问你的同学，他们可能会给你一些令人惊讶的答案。根据“What color is a tennis ball? Ask your classmates, and they might give you some...answers.”可知，此处需要形容词作定语，简单的问题可能会给出令人惊讶的答案，surprising“令人惊讶的”，修饰物，故填surprising。
52．
句意：在被调查者中，52%的人认为网球是绿色的，42%的人认为是黄色的，6%的人认为是其他颜色的。根据“Among the people surveyed, 52 percent said tennis balls are green, 42 percent said yellow, and 6 percent said...else.”可知，不同的人给出不同的答案，用于肯定句中，something else“其他的”，故填something。
53．
句意：根据国际网球联合会的说法，网球是黄色的。根据“According to the International Tennis Federation, tennis balls...yellow.”可知，此处需要系动词作谓语，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，故填are。
54．
句意：当我们第一次在自然光下看到一个物体时，我们的大脑会识别出它的真实颜色。根据“When we...see an object in natural light, our brains recognize its true color.”可知，此处需要副词修饰动词，first“第一次”符合语境，故填first。
55．
句意：即使后来在不同的光线下看到这个物体，我们的大脑仍然可以分辨出它的真实颜色。根据“Even if the object...in different kinds of light later, our brains can still tell its true color.”可知，是看到物体，选择see，主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态，时态是一般现在时，主语是单数，故填is seen。
56．
句意：科学家称这种现象为色彩恒常性。根据“...call this color constancy (色彩恒常性).”可知，科学家称之为色彩恒常性，science“科学”，scientist“科学家”，谓语是动词原形，所以主语为复数，故填Scientists。
57．
句意：这家总部位于美国的杂志称，当我们的大脑试图判断球是什么颜色时，有些人会忽略绿色、蓝色和紫色等冷色。根据“The US-based magazine says that when...brains try to figure out what color the ball is”可知，此处缺少定语，we“我们”，our“我们的”符合语境，故填our。
58．
句意：还有一些人忽略了暖色，比如红色、黄色和橙色。前句介绍一些人的情况，根据“...ignore warm colors, such as red, yellow and orange.”可知，这里介绍其他人的情况，others“其他人”符合语境，故填Others。
59．
句意：2015年，一个女孩在网上发布了一张裙子的照片。根据“In 2015, a girl...a picture of a dress online.”可知，此处需要动词作谓语，是发布照片，post“发布”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填posted。
60．
句意：有人说这条裙子是黑蓝色的，而其他人说它是白金色的。根据“Some people said the dress was black and blue...other people said it was gold and white.”可知，前后句意转折，while“然而”符合语境，故填while。


（十一）（2022·浙江宁波·中考真题）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次 (每空一词)。
happen             also             show             nature             much
Laughter is good for you, and that’s no joke! A good laugh helps you right away. When you laugh, changes ___46___in your body. For example, you take in ___47___ air than usual, which is good for your heart. A good laugh increases your heart rate. When you laugh, your brain also releases (释放) chemicals that make you feel happy. Laughing can also make you feel relaxed for up to 45 minutes.Laughter can ___48___ reduce pain. You probably don’t want to chuckle (偷笑) when you’re hurt, but laughter helps the body make its own ___49___ medicine. Laughing is also great exercise! Research ___50___ that laughing 100 times is as good as riding a bike for 15 minutes.
So why don’t you try laughing out loud every day?
【答案】46．happen
47．more
48．also
49．natural
50．shows
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了大笑的好处。
46．
句意：当你笑的时候，你的身体会发生变化。根据“changes”和备选词汇可知，发生变化，主语是复数，动词用原形；故填happen。
47．
句意：例如，你比平时吸入更多的空气，这对你的心脏有好处。根据“than”和备选词汇可知，需要更多的空气，much的比较级是more；故填more。
48．
句意：笑也可以减轻疼痛。根据“reduce pain”和备选词汇可知，此处谈论大笑的其他好处，also“也”符合句意；故填also。
49．
句意：当你受伤的时候，你可能不想笑，但是笑可以帮助身体制造自己的天然药物。根据“medicine”和备选词汇可知，需要一个形容词，应该是制造天然的药物，nature的形容词是natural；故填natural。
50．
句意：研究表明，笑100次和骑15分钟自行车一样有效。根据“laughing 100 times is as good as riding a bike for 15 minutes”和备选词汇可知，是研究结果，show“展示”，句子时态是一般现在时态，主语是单数，动词用三单形式，shows符合句意；故填shows。



（十二）（2022·四川遂宁·中考真题）
根据语境，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，并将正确答案填在短文后的横线上。
millions of   set up     part     especially     how
The World Health Organization(WHO) was ____51____ in 1948. In the past 74 years, the WHO has greatly improved health conditions of the world, ____52____ in developing countries. It cures, prevents and controls serious diseases (疾病), and educates people about ____53____ to protect their health. It has helped ____54____ people by training doctors and nurses, and by teaching mothers how to take better care of their children. China is one of the first members. It offers help to the countries in need. So China has played an important ____55____ in dealing with the health problems.
【答案】51．set up
52．especially
53．how
54．millions of
55．part
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了世界卫生组织的发展史以及它的作用。
51．
句意：世界卫生组织成立于1948年。 根据“The World Health Organization(WHO) was…in 1948”及备选词可知，此处介绍世界卫生组织成立的时间，was与过去分词set up构成被动语态，故填set up。
52．
句意：在过去的74年里，世界卫生组织大大改善了世界卫生状况，特别是发展中国家的卫生状况。根据“in developing countries”可知，此处强调尤其是发展中国家的卫生状况，especially“尤其，特别”，故填especially。
53．
句意：它治疗、预防和控制严重的疾病，并教育人们如何保护自己的健康。根据“educates people about … to protect their health”可知，教育人们如何保护自己的健康，故填how。
54．
句意：它通过培训医生和护士，以及教母亲如何更好地照顾自己的孩子，帮助了数百万人。根据“It has helped … people by training doctors”可知，此处介绍帮助的人数，millions of“数百万的”，故填millions of。
55．
句意：因此，中国在应对健康问题方面发挥了重要作用。play an important part in“在……中起到重要作用”，故填part。


（十三）（2022·四川泸州·中考真题）
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后面的括号内选出可以填入短文空格处的词，并将该词的字母代号（不写出该词）填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
Night came, noises calmed down and the Mexican sports center of the Olympics stood quiet in darkness.
Greenspan, the world famous reporter, found the center ___56___ after making the scenes where the marathon（马拉松）winners received the medals and marked the victory. It was time for him to return to the hotel for a rest. He was about to leave when he suddenly saw a bandaged man ran into the center with his right ___57___ bleeding. This man ran lamely（一瘸一拐的）out of breath, but he didn’t ___58___. After he ran along the runway for a circle and got to the ___59___, he fell down on the ground.
Greenspan guessed this was a marathon runner. Feeling interested, he went over to ask why the runner wanted to run to the goal with ___60___ a difficulty. The young man ___61___ Kowari from Tanzania replied, “That my country sent me here from more than 20,000 kilometers is not to let me get off the mark in the competition, but to make me complete the game. I want to run to the goal, ___62___ I have fallen behind all other runners. I have a great goal ___63___ them. I will run to the goal. Though the audience（观众）won’t cheer me any more, my motherland is watching me ___64___ from behind…”
Tears welled up in Greenspan’s eyes. Soon, he ___65___ the most touching scene in the history of the Olympic Games to every corner of the world.
（A．called     B．closely   C．leg     D．empty     E. goal   F. like   G. stop   H. spread   I. such   J. though）

【答案】56．D
57．C
58．G
59．E
60．I
61．A
62．J
63．F
64．B
65．H
【解析】
【导语】
本文通过来自坦桑尼亚名叫艾克瓦里的马拉松选手最后坚持跑完全程的故事告诉我们人生应该拥有登临封顶的梦想。
56．
句意：世界著名记者格林斯潘在拍摄马拉松冠军们领取奖牌和庆祝胜利的场面后，发现中间空荡荡的。根据“Night came, noises calmed down”可知，现在的运动场地中心空荡荡，empty“空的”符合，故选D。
57．
句意：他正要离开，突然看到一个裹着绷带的人跑进中心，右腿流血。根据“This man ran lamely（一瘸一拐的）out of breath”可知，腿部受伤了，leg“腿”，故选C。
58．
句意：这个人一瘸一拐地跑着，上气不接下气，但他没有停下来。根据“After he ran along the runway for a circle”可知，尽管受伤了，但是他还在跑，没有停下来，stop“停止”，故选G。
59．
句意：当他沿着跑道跑了一圈到达终点后，他倒在了地上。 根据“After he ran along the runway for a circle and got to the”及“run to the goal”可知，到达了终点才停下来，goal“终点”，故选E。
60．
句意：他感到很有兴趣，就走过去问为什么跑者要这么困难地跑到目标。此空应填入一个词可以修饰名词difficulty，备选词such“如此”符合，故选I。
61．
句意：来自坦桑尼亚的年轻人回答道。根据“The young man… Kowari from Tanzania replied”可知，这个年轻人叫做Kowari，called“称呼为”，故选A。
62．
句意：我想跑向终点，尽管我已经落在了所有其他人后面。“I want to run to the goal”与“I have fallen behind all other runners”是让步关系，用though引导让步状语从句，故选J。
63．
句意：我和他们一样有一个伟大的目标。根据“I have a great goal … them”可知，像其他运动员一样都有伟大的目标，like“像”，故选F。
64．
句意：虽然观众不再为我欢呼，但我的祖国正密切地注视着我。根据“my motherland is watching me… from behind”及备选词可知，祖国都会密切关注自己国家的运动员的表现，closely“密切地”，故选B。
65．
句意：很快，他把奥运历史上最动人的一幕传播到了世界的每一个角落。根据“the most touching scene in the history of the Olympic Games to every corner of the world”可知，把这感人的一幕传到了每个角落，spread“传播”，故选H。



【2021年】

A
（2021·青海中考真题）
用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。
many one real help hand


Like many kids, Alan is a fan of science. But this 14-year-old eighth-grader used his science skills 1 others. He created three prosthetic (假体的) 2 using a 3D printer during his after-school program. He designed the 3 hand for practice. The second one was designed for a 6-year-old boy, and the third was made for a disabled teacher at his school. Combining his love of science and his willingness to help others，Alan plans to make one 4 hand before the year ends. He 5 wants to do something good and helps more people.
【答案】
1．to help
2．hands
3．first
4．more
5．really
【分析】
本文讲述了一位14岁的孩子用自己的科学技术帮助他人的故事。
1．句意：但是这个14岁的八年级学生用他的科学技能来帮助别人。根据“used his science skills…others”及“his willingness to help others”，可知，用这些技能帮助其他人，use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”，故填to help。
2．句意：在他的课余项目中，他用3D打印机制作了三个假肢手。根据“hand”可知，是制作了三个假肢手，three修饰复数名词，故填hands。
3．句意：他设计了用于练习的第一只手。根据“He created three prosthetic hands…”及“The second one”“the third”可知，此处介绍第一只手的作用，故填first。
4．句意：艾伦计划在年底前再做一只手。根据“ one… hand”及备选词，可知，此处用基数词+more+单数名词，表示“再……，又……”，故填more。
5．句意：他真的想做一些好事，帮助更多的人。此句不缺少任何结构，应填副词作状语。备选词real的副词really“真的”符合，故填really。
B
（2021·甘肃天水市·中考真题）
用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词或短语限用 一次。
ready, be, daily, for, nothing, such as, only, return, thousand, many


The more you read, the more things you know. The more you learn, the more places you’ll go. Reading is important 6 everyone. China has 7 of public libraries in cities, towns and even borrow books, and it costs 8 to borrow them. In some places, you may borrow as 9 books as you want, but in others you are limited to a certain number of books for several weeks so that you can have enough time to finish all the books you’ve borrowed.
The latest novels are always in great need, and non-fiction books, 10 books on history, science and gardening, are well-loved, too.
If the books you need are out, you may ask for them to be kept for you when they 11 . And when the books are back and are 12 for you, the librarian will let you know.
Most public libraries also have a reading-room. There are tables and desks at which you can sit and read the 13 newspapers and all the other important periodicals (the weeklies, the monthlies and the quarterlies ) . In the reference library, there 14 dictionaries, encyclopedias, books of maps and other useful books. But you can 15 use these books there. You cannot take them out.
【答案】
6．for
7．thousands
8．nothing
9．many
10．such as
11．are returned
12．ready
13．daily
14．are
15．only
【分析】
本文介绍了读书的重要性，以及为了鼓励人们多读书，中国设立的图书馆以及从图书馆借书的相关情况。
6．句意：阅读对每个人都很重要。固定搭配：be important for sb“对某人来说很重要”，故填for。
7．句意：中国有成千上万的城镇公共图书馆，甚至可以借书。根据“of public libraries”可知，此处介绍图书馆的数量，表示概数，用数词复数形式+of，故填thousands。
8．句意：借它们不花什么钱。根据“it costs … to borrow them”及备选词，可知，借书并不需要花什么钱，不定代词nothing作动词costs的宾语，故填nothing。
9．句意：在某些地方，你想借多少书就借多少书。根据“but in others you are limited to a certain number of books for several weeks”可知，前一句说的是一次性可以借许多书，故填many。
10．句意：比如历史、科学和园艺方面的书籍也很受欢迎。此处是举例哪些方面的书受欢迎，such as“例如”符合，故填such as。
11．句意：如果你需要的书借走了，你可以在归还时要求代为保管。书被借走了，等到它们被还回来时，可以要求代为保管，主语they与动词return之间是被动关系，句子是一般现在时，此空应填一般现在时被动语态is/am/are done的结构，they是复数形式，故填are returned。
12．句意：当书还给你并准备好了，图书管理员会告诉你的。根据“when the books are back”及“the librarian will let you know”可知，书被还回来并且为你准备好了，他们会通知你的，be ready for“为……做好准备”，故填ready。
13．句意：有桌子和书桌，你可以坐在那里读日报和所有其他重要的期刊。此空缺少形容词修饰名词newspapers，备选词daily“今日的”符合，故填daily。
14．句意：参考图书馆里有字典、百科全书、地图册和其他有用的书。此处用there be句型表示“有……”，句子是一般现在时，dictionaries是复数形式，故填are。
15．句意：但是你只能用那里的这些书。根据“You cannot take them out”可知，只能在那用，不能带出去，故填only。
C
（2021·山东菏泽市·中考真题）
afraid work member become still its Chinese understand or interest


a growing number of young people are wearing traditional hanfu, or Han Chinese clothing. You may see them eating, shopping, travelling 16 even working in hanfu.
Hanfu 17 popular in part because the government is developing traditional culture. Period dramas have also helped develop the public’s interest in traditional 18 clothes.
What hanfu is like is different since each Han-controlled dynasty had 19 own style, but the clothes are usually loose, with sleeves （袖子）that hang down to the knees and flowing robes （长袍）around the body.
In modern China, people in different fields are 20 in wearing hanfu: from history lovers to students and even young 21 .
“Clothes are the foundation （基础）of culture,” said Jiang Xue, who is a 22 of a hanfu club in Beijing. “If we as a people and as a country do not even 23 our traditional clothing or don’t wear them, how can we talk about other important parts of our culture?”
However, there is 24 a long way for the style to go into people’s daily life. Some say they are 25 of being watched by others when wearing hanfu in public.
【答案】
16．or
17．becomes
18．Chinese
19．its
20．interested
21．workers
22．member
23．understand
24．still
25．afraid
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍了汉服的现状。
16．句意：你可能会看到他们穿着汉服吃饭、购物、旅游甚至工作。分析“You may see them eating, shopping, travelling…even working in hanfu.”可知，此处表示并列关系，备选词or“或者”符合语境，故填or。
17．句意：汉服流行的部分原因是政府正在发展传统文化。根据“Hanfu…popular in part”可知，本句需要系动词作谓语动词，备选词become“变得”符合语境，时态是一般现在时，主语是Hanfu，动词用三单，故填becomes。
18．句意：古装剧也有助于培养公众对中国传统服饰的兴趣。根据“Period dramas have also helped develop the public’s interest in traditional…clothes.”可知，是中国传统服饰，Chinese作定语修饰clothes，故填Chinese。
19．句意：汉服的样子是不同的，因为每个汉人控制的朝代都有自己的风格，但衣服通常是宽松的，袖子垂到膝盖，飘逸的长袍环绕身体。根据“each Han-controlled dynasty had…own style”可知，此处指“每个朝代的”，备选词its“它的”符合语境，故填its。
20．句意：在现代中国，不同领域的人都对汉服感兴趣：从历史爱好者到学生，甚至年轻的工人。根据“people in different fields are…in wearing hanfu”和备选词可知，此处是be interested in短语，译为“对……感兴趣”，故填interested。
21．句意：在现代中国，不同领域的人都对汉服感兴趣：从历史爱好者到学生，甚至年轻的工人。根据“from history lovers to students and even young…”可知，此处指身份，备选词work的名词worker“工人”符合语境，此处表示复数含义，故填workers。
22．句意：“服装是文化的基础，”北京一个汉服俱乐部的成员蒋雪说。根据“who is a…of a hanfu club in Beijing”可知，此处是a member of“……的一个成员”，故填member。
23．句意：如果我们作为一个民族、一个国家甚至都不理解或不穿我们的传统服装，我们怎么能谈论我们文化的其他重要部分呢？根据“If we as a people and as a country do not even…our traditional clothing”可知，此处需要动词作谓语，understand“理解”符合语境，用于助动词do not后，使用动词原形，故填understand。
24．句意：然而，这种风格要进入人们的日常生活还有很长的路要走。根据“However, there is…a long way for the style to go into people’s daily life.”可知，备选词still“仍然”符合语境，在句中作状语，故填still。
25．句意：一些人表示，他们害怕在公共场合穿着汉服被别人看。根据“Some say they are…of being watched by others when wearing hanfu in public.”和备选词可知，此处是be afraid of短语，译为“害怕”，故填afraid。
D
（2021·山西中考真题）

we feel total which accept festival add hard close refuse discuss although


The sweetest memory of my childhood is about a round table. When I was still little, my whole family would get together on different traditional 26 to have dinner. We kids would be sitting around or playing hide-and-seek under the table while the grown-ups were having a 27 .
When I got a bit older, my aunt brought back her boyfriend and my grandma cheerfully 28 another seat to the round table. It seemed a little more crowded, but we all felt much 29 to each other. When I was twelve, my grandpa passed away. That made us 30 sad. However, when the whole family got together once again, we 31 agreed that his chair, his bowl and his chopsticks should remain the same, even though his seat was empty, we felt like that he had never left us.
We all have a table like this in 32 homes. It is a sign of reunion of our family showing our feelings. 33 the reason why we come together may be different, the feelings behind it are the same. Usually different cultures 34 by us around the table. What’s more, we express the love not only for our family, but also for a community, our nation and even the whole world.
The history of our nation has been the stories of looking for or running to the round table 35 we belong to. The round table has been a symbol of the Chinese feelings. It was, it is and will always be.
【答案】
26．festivals
27．discussion
28．added
29．closer
30．feel
31．totally
32．our
33．Although
34．are accepted
35．which
【分析】
本文主要讲述了作者家人每逢佳节时都会在一起聚餐，爷爷去世后，家人还是坚持把爷爷的座位，筷子和碗保留在原来的位置，每次聚在一起的原因可能是不同的，但背后的感情是一样的。通过这些作者认为这种家人相聚在一起是中国人感情的象征，过去是，现在是，永远都是。
26．句意：在我还小的时候，我们全家会在不同的传统节日里聚在一起吃晚餐。根据“on different traditional … to have dinner”可知，在不同的节日会聚在一起吃晚餐，备选词festival“节日”符合，different修饰名词的复数形式，故填festivals。
27．句意：当大人们在谈话讨论的时候，我们这些孩子会围坐在一起或者在桌子底下玩捉迷藏。根据“having a”及备选词，可知，此处用have a discussion表示“讨论”，故填discussion。
28．句意：等我长大一点，我的姑姑把男朋友带回来，奶奶高兴地在圆桌上又加了一个座位。根据“another seat to the round table”及备选词，可知，在饭桌上又增加了一个位置，add“增加”符合，add sth to sth“把……加到……上”，“got”是动词过去式，此空也应填动词过去式，故填added。
29．句意：它看起来有点拥挤，但我们都觉得彼此更近了。根据“but we all felt much… to each other”可知，饭桌上又增加了一个座位，让家人们感觉彼此更近了，close“接近的”符合，much修饰形容词比较级，故填closer。
30．句意：我十二岁的时候，爷爷去世了，这让我们感到难过。根据“That made us… sad”可知，爷爷的去世让家人感到难过，feel“感到”符合，make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，故填feel。
31．句意：然而，当全家再次聚在一起时，我们一致认为他的椅子、碗和筷子应该保持原样。此空缺少副词作状语，备选词total的副词totally“完全地”符合，家人一致认为要保留爷爷的物品，故填totally。
32．句意：我们家里都有一张这样的桌子。根据“It is a sign of reunion of our family showing…”可知，是在我们家里有这样的桌子，用形容词性物主代词our修饰名词homes，故填our。
33．句意：虽然我们相聚在一起的原因可能不同，但背后的情感是一样的。“the reason why we come together may be different”与“the feelings behind it are the same”是转折关系，用although引导让步状语从句，故填Although。
34．句意：通常不同的文化会被我们所接受。根据“Usually different cultures…by us”及备选词，可知，接受不同的文化，accept“接受”符合，根据“by us”可知，此处要用被动语态，句子是一般现在时，用一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构，主语cultures是复数形式，故填are accepted。
35．句意：我们国家的历史一直都是在寻找或奔向属于我们的圆桌故事。此句是定语从句，先行词the round table是指物，在从句中作宾语，此空应填关系词which，故填which。
E
（2021·江苏南京市·中考真题）

paper cutting managed like on the wall exciting


Yesterday, I went to Chaotian Palace Plaza. There were different stands where artists could demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors! It was an 36 experience for me.
What caught my attention first was 37 , that is, making images out of paper. It was difficult, but a lot of fun! With help from the artist, I 38 to make one in the shape of a fish. Then I went into a section decorated 39 a traditional Chinese study, with two beautiful Chinese paintings of a pine tree and some bamboo hung 40 . There was also an old man writing Chinese calligraphy: his writing was so free and elegant!
【答案】
36．exciting
37．paper cutting
38．managed
39．like
40．on the wall
【分析】
本文作者向我们介绍自己去朝天宫游玩的经历，作者接触到很多中国传统文化。
36．句意：这对我来说是一次激动人心的经历。此处作定语修饰experience，备选词exciting“激动人心的”符合语境，故填exciting。
37．句意：首先引起我注意的是剪纸，也就是用纸来制作图像。根据“that is, making images out of paper.”并结合备选词可知，paper cutting“剪纸”符合语境，故填paper cutting。
38．句意：在艺术家的帮助下，我设法做了一个鱼的形状的。根据“I…to make one in the shape of a fish.”和备选词可知，managed“设法”符合语境，manage to do sth“设法成功做某事”，故填managed。
39．句意：然后我进入了一个装饰得像中国传统书房的区域，里面挂着两幅美丽的中国画，画的是一棵松树和一些竹子。分析“Then I went into a section decorated…a traditional Chinese study”并结合备选词可知，like“像”符合语境，故填like。
40．句意：然后我进入了一个装饰得像中国传统书房的区域，墙上挂着两幅美丽的中国画，画的是一棵松树和一些竹子。根据“with two beautiful Chinese paintings of a pine tree and some bamboo hung”可知，画是挂在墙上，on the wall“在墙上”符合语境，故填on the wall。
F
（2021·四川广安市·中考真题）
he, kind, enough, decide, a, during, both, what, serious, save


Justin is 41 18-year-old student. He is thinking about how to spend his money 42 the summer vacation. He has 43 about 300 dollars already. He plans to buy 44 a computer with his money, but he also wants to go for a trip with his friends. He can’t do 45 because he doesn’t have enough money. What should Justin do?
We are often in these 46 of situations. You want to see a concert on Saturday, but it is also your mother’s birthday and you do not want to let her down. In this case, you don’t have 47 time to go to both places. You must make a 48 . You must think about 49 should be done first. You should consider that 50 .
【答案】
41．an
42．during
43．saved
44．himself
45．both
46．kinds
47．enough
48．decision
49．what
50．seriously
【分析】
文章主要讲述了贾斯汀是个18岁的学生，他对于他的钱该如何花很矛盾，文中给出了相应的建议。
41．句意：贾斯汀是个18岁的学生。空格修饰单数名词student，应用不定冠词，18(eighteen)是元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
42．句意：他正在考虑如何在暑假期间花掉他的钱。根据“how to spend his money...the summer vacation”可知，此处指的是在暑假期间，结合备选词汇可知，此处用介词during，故填during。
43．句意：他已经存了大约300美元。根据“about 300 dollars already”以及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“储存”，空格前有has，此处用过去分词，构成现在完成时的结构，故填saved。
44．句意：他打算用自己的钱给自己买台电脑。根据“a computer with his money”以及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“给自己买台电脑”，应用反身代词，故填himself。
45．句意：他不能两样都做，因为他没有足够的钱。根据“He plans to buy...a computer with his money, but he also wants to go for a trip with his friends.”以及备选词汇可知，此处指的是两者都，故填both。
46．句意：我们经常处于这种情况。根据句意及备选词汇可知，此处指的是这种情况，应用kind“种类”，空格前有these修饰，名词应用复数形式，故填kinds。
47．句意：在这种情况下，你没有足够的时间去两个地方。根据“you don’t have...time to go to both places.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是没有足够的时间，故填enough。
48．句意：你必须做出决定。根据“You must think about...should be done first.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是必须做出决定，make a decision“做决定”，故填decision。
49．句意：你必须考虑应该先做什么。空格缺宾语从句的引导词，且引导词作从句的宾语，结合备选词汇可知，此处用what引导，故填what。
50．句意：你应该认真考虑。根据“You must think about...should be done first. You should consider”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是仔细认真地考虑，修饰动词用副词，故填seriously。
G
（2021·湖北随州市·中考真题）
从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其适当的形式完成短文，每词只能用一次，每空一词。
decide take person do happy that however study from move


He Studies Harder Than He Used to
Li Wen is a 15-year-old boy from the countryside. He works very hard and 51 well in school. It’s hard to believe that he used to have difficulties in school. When his parents 52 to the city to work, they could not be at home to take care of him. He missed his parents so much and he often felt lonely and unhappy.
Li Wen’s unhappiness began to influence his schoolwork. So he became less interested in 53 . Sometimes he was absent 54 classes and failed his examinations. Finally, Li Wen’s parents made the 55 to send him to a boarding school. 56 , Li Wen was shy and was not able to make friends quickly in school. He found life there difficult. One day, he told his teacher that he wanted to leave the school. His teacher advised his parents to talk with their son in 57 . So his parents 58 a 24-hour train and 5-hour bus ride to get to Li Wen’s school. This conversation changed his life. He realized that his parents would always love him, and they would take pride in everything good 59 he did. Now he is much 60 and more outgoing than he used to be.
【答案】
51．does
52．moved
53．study
54．from
55．decision
56．However
57．person
58．took
59．that
60．happier
【分析】
李文在乡下学习很用功，父母因为工作原因，来到了城里。但是他们没有时间照顾李文，把李文送去国外读书。李文感觉很孤独，对学习没兴趣，想辍学。老师建议父母和李文好好聊聊。李文知道父母一直很爱他，所以变得比之前更努力。
51．句意：他学习非常努力，在学校表现很好。do well in表示“在某方面表现好”，and连接并列句时态一致，主语是第三人称，do用第三人称单数形式。故填does。
52．句意：当他的父母搬家去城里工作时，他们不能在家照顾他。move to sp表示“搬去某处”，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填moved。
53．句意：因此他变得对学习没兴趣。根据“Li Wen’s unhappiness began to influence his schoolwork. ”可知李文不开心影响了他的学业，所以他对学习不感兴趣。study表示“学习”。故填study。
54．句意：有时他逃课，考试不及格。be absent from表示“缺席”。故填from。
55．句意：最后，李文父母决定送他去国外的学校。the后接名词，make the decision表示“做决定”。故填decision。
56．句意：然而，李文很害羞，不能很快在学校交到朋友。空后有逗号，此空为副词修饰整个句子。however表示“然而”，表转折。故填However。
57．句意：他的老师建议父母亲自和他们的儿子谈谈。介词短语in person表示“亲自”，在句子中作状语。故填person。
58．句意：因此他的父母乘坐24小时火车，5小时公车到了李文的学校。乘坐交通工具，用动词take，此处描述过去的事，用一般过去时。故填took。
59．句意：他意识到父母一直爱他，他们为他做的一些好事而骄傲。此句为定语从句，先行词是everything，关系词用that。故填that。
60．句意：现在他比过去更开心，外向了。and连接两个并列的形容词比较级，happy表示“高兴的”，比较级为happier。故填happier。
H
（2021·陕西中考真题）

he win hour swim father seem unlucky hard talk end


Rick Hoyt is American and he has a good job at the University of Boston. 61 , he is in a wheelchair because of a serious illness. He can’t 62 either and he uses a computer for daily communication. However, he loves sport and wants to challenge 63 in a triathlon—a sports competition in which people swim 4 kilometers, bike 180 kilometers and run 42 kilometers. How can Rick make it as he can’t swim, bike or run and sits in a wheelchair? It 64 to be an impossible dream for him to realize.
Rick can take part because he does it with his father, Dick Hoyt. Together, they try their best to do the 65 task in their life—in the running, his father pushes him in his wheelchair; in the 66 , Rick lies in a small boat and his father swims and pulls him; in the cycling, Rick sits in a special seat on the front of his 67 bike.
Of course, the Hoyts never win the race. The winner of a triathlon usually completes it in about nine 68 , but the Hoyts take much longer time. “That’s right,” says the father. “We never win. But Rick and I think that we always win.”
Now the father and son have 69 the respect（尊敬）of many people. And their 70 courage also sets a good example for us all. It sends out the message how important it is that we believe in ourselves and never give up.
【答案】
61．Unluckily
62．talk
63．himself
64．seems
65．hardest/hard
66．swimming
67．father’s
68．hours
69．won
70．endless
【分析】
本文主要讲述里克·霍伊特身体残疾，但是和父亲一起参加铁人三项的故事。
61．句意：不幸的是，他因为重病坐在轮椅上。根据“Rick Hoyt is American and he has a good job at the University of Boston.”以及“he is in a wheelchair because of a serious illness”可知，这里表达的是“不幸的是”，备选词汇“unlucky”是一个形容词，表示“不幸的”，此处需填入一个副词修饰整个句子，unlucky的副词形式为unluckily，放在句首首字母要大写。故填Unluckily。
62．句意：他也不会说话，每天都用电脑交流。根据“...and he uses a computer for daily communication”可知，他不会说话，备选词汇“talk”符合语境，空前有情态动词，后接动词原形。故填talk。
63．句意：然而，他热爱运动，想在铁人三项运动比赛中挑战自己，在比赛中人们要游4公里，骑180公里，跑42公里。challenge oneself挑战自己，此处指Rick，备选词汇“he”改为“himself”。故填himself。
64．句意：对他来说，这似乎是一个不可能实现的梦想。根据“How can Rick make it as he can’t swim, bike or run and sits in a wheelchair?”可知，此处表示Rick想要参加铁人三项似乎是不可能的，备选词汇“seem”符合语境，时态为一般现在时，主语为It，It seems...似乎……。故填seems。
65．句意：他们一起努力完成生活中的（最）艰巨任务。根据“Rick can take part because he does it with his father, Dick Hoyt.”可知，Rick将要和父亲一起参加铁人三项，这比赛对他们来说是艰巨的，备选词汇“hard”符合语境，此处可填形容词原形；空前有the，也可填形容词最高级。故填hardest/hard。
66．句意：在游泳项目中，Rick躺在一条小船上，他父亲游泳拉着他。根据“Rick lies in a small boat and his father swims and pulls him”可知，此处是指在铁人三项的游泳项目中，备选词汇“swim”符合语境，填动名词形式swimming。故填swimming。
67．句意：在自行车项目中，Rick坐在他父亲自行车前面的一个特殊座位上。根据“in the cycling, Rick sits in a special seat on the front of his...bike”可知，此处指Rick坐在父亲自行车前面的特殊座位上，备选词汇“father”符合语境，填名词所有格形式father’s，表示“父亲的”。故填father’s。
68．句意：铁人三项的获胜者通常在九个小时内完成比赛，但霍伊特一家的时间要长得多。根据“The winner of a triathlon usually completes it in about nine...”可知，此处指比赛的获胜者通常用的时间，备选词汇“hour”符合语境，空前有nine，应用名词复数形式hours。故填hours。
69．句意：现在父子俩赢得了很多人的尊敬。根据“Now the father and son have...the respect of many people.”可知，此处指父子俩获得人们的尊重，备选词汇“win”符合语境，空前有have，时态为现在完成时，结构为have done，应用win的过去分词形式won。故填won。
70．句意：他们无穷无尽的勇气也为我们树立了一个好榜样。空处缺少一个形容词，备选词汇“end”的形容词形式为“endless”，表示“无穷无尽的”，符合语境。故填endless。
I
（2021·四川达州市·中考真题）
others; however; be; answer; include; complete; accidental; good; use; that



As you walk down the street, an object falls from a tall building and hits you. Who should be responsible for this? Or maybe you try to help someone in danger, but you 71 hurt the person. Will you get in trouble for this? China’s Civil Code (《民法典》) will give you the 72 .
On May 28, the National People’s Congress (全国人民代表大会) agreed China’s first-ever Civil Code. With 1,260 articles, it is a collection of laws that is about personal issues, 73 property (物权), marriage, family, personality rights, and inheritances (继承). It’s like an encyclopedia (百科全书) for social life.
China does have laws that cover these issues. 74 , all kinds of these laws are not unified. The Civil Code gathers them into one unified document and makes improvements. With the Civil Code, China hopes to set up a country under the rule of law with 75 protection for civil rights.
One special thing about the code is the part about individual (个人的) rights. It’s a major innovation (创新) to form the individual rights into one part alone. This part includes laws 76 relate to one’s body, health, name, image (肖像), and fame.
Some of the laws in this part deal with how new technology 77 . For example, people who use AI face swap (调换) tools to make videos may go against 78 image rights. The laws also provide data protection rights relating to possible data leaks by tech companies.
As we know, after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, there were several attempts to draft (起草) a civil code in 1954, 1962, 1979 and 2001. But the conditions 79 not good enough. In 2015, China started to work on the present code and 80 it after 5 years. This year, the code took effect on Jan. 1.
【答案】
71．accidentally
72．answers
73．including
74．However
75．better
76．that
77．is used
78．others’
79．were
80．completed
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍《民法典》的相关内容。
71．句意：或者你试图帮助一个处于危险中的人，但你不小心伤害了他。根据“Or maybe you try to help someone in danger, but you…hurt the person.”和备选词可知，accidental“意外的”符合语境，在句中修饰动词hurt，使用副词形式，故填accidentally。
72．句意：《民法典》会给你答案。前文作者提出提问，结合备选词answer“回答”符合语境，此处表示复数含义，故填answers。
73．句意：它有1260条，是关于个人问题的法律的集合，包括物权、婚姻、家庭、人权和继承。根据“it is a collection of laws that is about personal issues…property (物权), marriage, family, personality rights, and inheritances (继承)”和备选词可知，include“包括”符合语境，此处用介词连接，故填including。
74．句意：然而，这些法律并不是统一的。前后两句构成转折关系，备选词however“然而”符合语境，句首需大写首字母，故填However。
75．句意：通过《民法典》，中国希望建立一个更好地保护公民权利的法治国家。此处作定语修饰protection，good“好的”符合语境，此处暗含与过去的比较，故填better。
76．句意：这一部分包括与一个人的身体、健康、姓名、形象和名声有关的法律。本句是定语从句，先行词是laws，引导词在从句中作主语，故填that。
77．句意：这部分的一些法律涉及如何使用新技术。根据“Some of the laws in this part deal with how new technology…”和备选词可知，use“使用”符合语境，主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is used。
78．句意：例如，使用人工智能换脸工具制作视频的人可能会侵犯他人的肖像权。分析“people who use AI face swap (调换) tools to make videos may go against…image rights”和备选词可知，others“其他人”符合语境，此处作定语修饰image rights，用名词所有格，故填others’。
79．句意：但是条件还不够好。根据“But the conditions…not good enough.”和备选词可知，选择be作谓语，时态是一般过去时，主语是复数，故填were。
80．句意：2015年，中国开始对现行规范进行完善，历时5年完成。根据“China started to work on the present code and…it after 5 years”和备选词可知，complete“完成”符合语境，根据“In 2015”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填completed。
J
（2021·浙江宁波市·中考真题）
mean, helpful, tooth, without, wise


Do you know that we are using up the Earth’s fresh water faster than we can replace it? We need water to stay alive and if we don’t use water 81 , we will run out!
Water is needed for just about everything we do. We need it to farm, to wash, to provide power, to control fires and-most importantly-to drink. 82 water, we would all die.
So we should all save water if we want to have enough to stay alive. Using less water 83 saving money and saving energy. Saving water is EASY. Here are some 84 tips:
* Have shorter showers and only half fill the bath.
* Turn the tap off while you soap your hands or brush your 85 .
* Fix any taps or hoses（软管）that drip-every drop counts!
【答案】
81．wisely
82．Without
83．means
84．helpful
85．teeth
【分析】
本文针对节约用水给出建议。
81．句意：我们需要水来生存，如果我们不明智地使用水，我们会用尽！分析“We need water to stay alive and if we don’t use water”和备选词可知，wise“明智的”符合语境，在句中修饰动词，使用副词形式，故填wisely。
82．句意：没有水，我们都会死。分析“…water, we would all die.”和备选词可知，没有水会死，选择without，句首需大写首字母，故填Without。
83．句意：使用更少的水意味着节约金钱和能源。根据“Using less water…saving money and saving energy.”和备选词可知，mean“意味着”符合语境，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是动名词短语Using less water，动词用三单，故填means。
84．句意：以下是一些有用的建议。根据“Here are some…tips”和备选词可知，helpful“有帮助的”符合语境，作定语修饰tips，故填helpful。
85．句意：洗手或刷牙时关掉水龙头。根据“brush your…”和备选词可知，tooth“牙齿”符合语境，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数，故填teeth。
K
（2021·甘肃武威市·中考真题）
ready, be, daily, for, nothing, such as, only, return, thousand, many

The more you read, the more things you know. The more you learn, the more places you’ll go. Reading is important 86 everyone. China has 87 of public libraries in cities, towns and even borrow books, and it costs 88． to borrow them. In some places you may borrow as 89 books as you want, but in others you are limited to a certain number of books for several weeks so that you can have enough time to finish all the books you’ve borrowed.
The latest novels are always in great need, and non-fiction books, 90 books on history, science and gardening, are well-loved, too.
If the books you need are out, you may ask for them to be kept for you when they 91 . And when the books are back and are 92 for you, the librarian will let you know.
Most public libraries also have a reading-room. There are tables and desks at which you can sit and read the 93 newspapers and all the other important periodicals (the weeklies, the monthlies and the quarterlies). In the reference library, there 94 dictionaries, encyclopedias, books of maps and other useful books. But you can 95 use these books there. You cannot take them out.
【答案】
86．for
87．thousands
88．nothing
89．many
90．such as
91．are returned
92．ready
93．daily
94．are
95．only
【分析】
本文介绍了读书的重要性，以及为了鼓励人们多读书，中国设立的图书馆以及从图书馆借书的相关情况。
86．句意：阅读对每个人都很重要。固定搭配：be important for sb“对某人来说很重要”，故填for。
87．句意：中国有成千上万的城镇公共图书馆，甚至可以借书。根据“of public libraries”可知，此处介绍图书馆的数量，表示概数，用数词复数形式+of，故填thousands。
88．句意：借它们不花什么钱。根据“it costs … to borrow them”及备选词，可知，借书并不需要花什么钱，不定代词nothing作动词costs的宾语，故填nothing。
89．句意：在某些地方，你想借多少书就借多少书。根据“but in others you are limited to a certain number of books for several weeks”可知，前一句说的是一次性可以借许多书，故填many。
90．句意：比如历史、科学和园艺方面的书籍也很受欢迎。此处是举例哪些方面的书受欢迎，such as“例如”符合，故填such as。
91．句意：如果你需要的书借走了，你可以在归还时要求代为保管。书被借走了，等到它们被还回来时，可以要求代为保管，主语they与动词return之间是被动关系，句子是一般现在时，此空应填一般现在时被动语态is/am/are done的结构，they是复数形式，故填are returned。
92．句意：当书还给你并准备好了，图书管理员会告诉你的。根据“when the books are back”及“the librarian will let you know”可知，书被还回来并且为你准备好了，他们会通知你的，be ready for“为……做好准备”，故填ready。
93．句意：有桌子和书桌，你可以坐在那里读日报和所有其他重要的期刊。此空缺少形容词修饰名词newspapers，备选词daily“今日的”符合，故填daily。
94．句意：参考图书馆里有字典、百科全书、地图册和其他有用的书。此处用there be句型表示“有……”，句子是一般现在时，dictionaries是复数形式，故填are。
95．句意：但是你只能用那里的这些书。根据“You cannot take them out”可知，只能在那用，不能带出去，故填only。
L
（2021·江西中考真题）
star, still, good, rest, up, how, pollution, stop, small, see, towards


Look up at the sky at night. What can you see? Before electric lights, people could often see about 2,500 different stars. Now, light fills the skies over our cities. This is called light 96 . Because of it, people in cities can often only see about ten 97 !
Most of the time, light helps us. We can 98 because of it. It gives plants energy. But light isn’t always 99 . We need times of dark 100 . One hundred years ago, we had those times of dark. Now the night is like day. Some scientists are worried about 101 this light effects（影响）our health. These scientists are studying the effects of light pollution.
Other scientists are finding ways to 102 light pollution and make our lives better. For example, many street lights now have covers. The covers focus the light 103 the ground. They stop the light from going 104 into the sky. They also save energy. The covers are a 105 change, but they can 106 have a positive（正面的）effect.
【答案】
96．pollution
97．stars
98．see
99．good
100．to rest
101．how
102．stop
103．towards
104．up
105．small
106．still
【分析】
本文主要关于光污染的问题以及阻止光污染的措施。
96．句意：这叫光污染。阅读全文可知，本文主要讲述光污染的问题，pollution污染，名词。故填pollution。
97．句意：正因为如此，城市里的人们常常只能看到十颗星左右！根据“Before electric lights, people could often see about 2,500 different stars.”以及“Because of it, people in cities can often only see about ten...”可知，因为光污染，城市里的人们现在只能看到大约十颗星星，备选词汇“star”符合语境，此处填名词复数stars。故填stars。
98．句意：我们可以看到因为它。根据“Most of the time, light helps us.”以及常识可知，光可以让我们看见东西，备选词汇“see”符合语境，空前有情态动词，后接动词原形。故填see。
99．句意：但光并不总是好的。根据“Most of the time, light helps us.”以及“But light isn’t always...”可知，此处表示转折，描述光的坏处，备选词汇“good”符合语境。故填good。
100．句意：我们需要天黑的时候休息。根据常识可知，天黑时要我们要休息，备选词汇“rest”符合语境，need sth. to do需要某物来做。故填to rest。
101．句意：一些科学家担心这种光如何影响我们的健康。根据“this light effects our health”可知，此处表示影响我们健康的方式，用how。故填how。
102．句意：其他科学家正在寻找方法阻止光污染，让我们的生活更美好。根据“Other scientists are finding ways to...light pollution and make our lives better.”可知，此处表示阻止光污染，备选词汇“stop”符合语境，空前有to，用动词原形。故填stop。
103．句意：灯罩将光线聚焦在地面上。此处表示将光聚焦到地面上，备选词汇“towards”符合语境。故填towards。
104．句意：它们阻止光线往天上照。此处表示灯罩不让光往天上照，备选词汇“up”向上，符合语境。故填up。
105．句意：灯罩是一个小的变化，但它们仍然可以有一个正面的影响。空处缺少一个形容词，备选词汇“small”符合语境，表示灯罩是一个小小的变化。故填small。
106．句意：灯罩是一个小的变化，但它们仍然可以有一个正面的影响。根据“They also save energy. The covers are a...change, but they can...have a positive effect.”可知，此处表示虽然灯罩只是一个小的变化，但它们仍然有正面的影响，备选词汇“still”符合语境。故填still。
M
（2021·四川成都市·中考真题）
argue beautiful care far for good heat include special succeed under work



Xu Yuanchong is a famous Chinese modern translator. Born in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province in 1921, he studied 107 Qian Zhongshu, Wu Mi and other Chinese masters at The National Southwest Associated University. He went to University of Paris for 108 study after graduating from Tsinghua University.
Over the course of a translation career（生涯）lasting more than seventy years, Xu has translated about 120 works, 109 The Book of Songs, The Songs of Chu and The Red and the Black, with a 110 focus on poetry（诗歌）. Xu is also the only person in China who has 111 translated poetry to and from Chinese, English and French, in a very precise（准确的）and beautiful way. His 112 are often chosen as textbooks for foreign language learners.
Xu pays much attention to the 113 of image, sound and form. He will leave something out and add something to make the translated works more beautiful. During his translation career, he has been at the center of many 114 debates（辩论）with other translators. But Xu said, “I am not afraid of 115 because the truth becomes clearer with each debate.”
Now Xu is 100 years old. He has stopped his translation of The Complete Works of William Shakespeare. He is writing more about his own life.
To everyone, he sends a wish: “Good, better, best. Never let it rest until your good is better and your better is 116 .”
【答案】
107．under
108．further
109．including
110．special
111．successfully
112．works
113．beauty
114．heated
115．argument/arguments/arguing
116．best
【分析】
本文向我们介绍中国近代著名翻译家——许渊冲。
107．句意：1921年出生于江西南昌，曾在西南联合大学师从钱钟书、吴宓等国学大师。分析“he studied…Qian Zhongshu, Wu Mi and other Chinese masters”和备选词可知，此处表示“师从……”，用under表示，故填under。
108．句意：毕业于清华大学后，他去了巴黎大学继续深造。根据“He went to University of Paris for…study after graduating from Tsinghua University.”和备选词可知，此处是further study深造，故填further。
109．句意：在70多年的翻译生涯中，许渊冲翻译了约120部作品，其中包括《诗经》、《楚辞》、《红与黑》，特别是诗歌。根据“Xu has translated about 120 works…The Book of Songs, The Songs of Chu and The Red and the Black”和备选词可知，include“包括”符合语境，用于句中使用介词including，其后加宾语，故填including。
110．句意：在70多年的翻译生涯中，许渊冲翻译了约120部作品，其中包括《诗经》、《楚辞》、《红与黑》，特别是诗歌。此处作定语修饰focus，special“特殊的，特别的”符合语境，故填special。
111．句意：许渊冲也是中国唯一一位成功地将诗歌翻译成中、英、法三种语言的人。根据“who has…translated poetry to and from Chinese, English and French”和备选词可知，succeed“成功”符合语境，用于句中修饰动词translate，使用副词形式，故填successfully。
112．句意：他的作品经常被选为外语学习者的教材。根据“His…are often chosen as textbooks for foreign language learners.”和备选词可知，work“作品”符合语境，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数，故填works。
113．句意：许渊冲非常注重形象、声音和形式之美。根据“Xu pays much attention to the…of image, sound and form.”和备选词可知，beautiful“美丽的”符合语境，用于“the+n+of”结构中，使用名词形式，故填beauty。
114．句意：在他的翻译生涯中，他一直处于与其他译者激烈争论的中心。根据“he has been at the center of many…debates（辩论）with other translators”和备选词可知，heat“热度”符合语境，此处作定语修饰debates，用其形容词形式，故填heated。
115．句意：但许说：“我不害怕争论，因为每一次争论，事实都会变得更清楚。”根据“I am not afraid of…because the truth becomes clearer with each debate.”和备选词可知，argue“争论”符合语境，此处用在介词of后，使用名词或动名词形式，此处表示单复数含义均可，故填argument/arguments/arguing。
116．句意：他向每个人送上祝福：“好，更好，最好。”永不停歇，直到你的好变得更好，你的更好变成最好。”根据“Good, better, best.”和备选词可知，good符合语境，此处强调递进关系，故填best。
N
（2021·山东泰安市·中考真题）
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺完整。(每词限用一次)
more, thing, for, clean, plastic, amaze, face, save, make, and



Between the Sea and Shore is a three-part documentary that calls for quick action to 117 sea turtles from dying out. Around the world, sea turtles are known 118 their beauty and as one of the Earth’s oldest creatures (生物). However, their beauty, 119 pollution and coastal development have threatened (威胁) their lives.
To help bring this message to 120 people of the world, the WildAid ambassador (大使) Eddie starts a long 121 difficult adventure (冒险) to learn about many problems sea turtles face around the world.
Eddie has long used his voice to raise awareness (意识) of environmental problems. “This is my chance to learn about the problems sea turtles face and be a voice for these 122 animals,” says Eddie.
In recent years, the number of sea turtles has reduced (减少) greatly because of pollution, and the illegal (非法的) trade in their eggs, meat and shells. Parts of the shell and whole bodies of the endangered turtles are 123 into artworks.
The oceans are 124 very serious challenges to stay healthy. Eddie asks people to save sea turtles by starting with simple 125 such as saying no to sea turtle products and reducing our use of plastics.
“Keep the oceans 126 . This natural beauty only belongs in the ocean.” says Eddie.
【答案】
117．save
118．for
119．plastic
120．more
121．and
122．amazing
123．made
124．facing
125．things
126．clean
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了野生援助大使Eddie开始了一个漫长而艰难的冒险，了解海龟在世界各地面临的许多问题。呼吁人们拯救濒临灭绝的动物——海龟。
117．句意：《海龟奇援》是一部由三部分组成的纪录片，它呼吁人们迅速采取行动，拯救濒临灭绝的海龟。根据句中“calls for quick action”及“from dying out”可推知，应是拯救濒临灭绝的海龟；空处和to一起构成动词不定式作目的状语。故填save。
118．句意：在世界各地，海龟以其美丽而闻名，是地球上最古老的生物之一。be known for，因……而闻名，固定短语。故填for。
119．句意：然而，它们的美丽，塑料污染和沿海开发已经威胁到它们的生命。根据空后“pollution”和选项可知，空处应是plastic，塑料；plastic pollution“塑料污染”。故填plastic。
120．句意：为了帮助把这个信息带给世界上更多的人，野生援助大使Eddie开始了一个漫长而艰难的冒险，了解海龟在世界各地面临的许多问题。根据后句“the WildAid ambassador Eddie starts a long…difficult adventure”可知，应是为了把这个信息带给世界上更多的人，Eddie进行了长期的冒险。故填more。
121．句意：为了帮助把这个信息带给世界上更多的人，野生援助大使Eddie开始了一个漫长而艰难的冒险，了解海龟在世界各地面临的许多问题。空格前后long和difficult是并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。
122．句意：这是我了解海龟面临的问题并为这些神奇动物发声的机会。空处的词是修饰名词，应用形容词；结合选项，空处应用amaze的形容词形式amazing，令人惊奇的。故填amazing。
123．句意：濒危海龟的部分壳和全身被制成艺术品。be made into，被制成……。故填made。
124．句意：海洋在保持健康方面面临着非常严峻的挑战。根据空后“very serious challenges”可知，空处应是face，面临；根据空前are的提示可知，句子应是现在进行时，构成形式为：be doing；face的现在分词是facing。故填facing。
125．句意：Eddie要求人们从简单的事情开始拯救海龟，比如对海龟产品说不，减少我们对塑料的使用。根据空后“such as saying no to sea turtle products and reducing our use of plastics.”可知，空处应用thing的复数形式things，事情。故填things。
126．句意：保持海洋清洁。根据空后“This natural beauty only belongs in the ocean.”可推知，应是保持海洋清洁。故填clean。
O
（2021·山东德州市·中考真题）
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处，每空一词。
we, face, but, like, what, immediate, although, sun, surprise, one, good


Row Boats in the Park
I keep a number of lists about things I want to do, places I want to see, and food I want to eat. And for a long time-nearly seven years-rowing boats in the park has always been the 127 thing on my lists.
Somehow, checking this one off the list always meant that many things had to be just right: the right weather, a free day, and childcare-free.
Well, to my 128 and happiness, all three of those things did come together on my birthday morning! After breakfast, Jordan and I made our way to the park 129 .
130 the autumn colors weren’t yet at their peak (峰值), the autumn scenery (风景) was still great to see. It was 131 , and the wind was soft and gentle. Our limited (有限的) row-boating skills gave us reasons to laugh at 132 .
We made our way past the trees, under the bridge, and into the lake. The water was still and clear 133 a mirror (镜子) under the boat, in which we can see the reflections (倒影) of the boat and our smiling 134 .
Everything was fun as I imagined. I can’t think of a 135 way to get relaxed on my birthday than this.
“Have you decided 136 to do next on your lists?” Jordan asked me.
“I have to think it over,” I replied.
“Take your time,” Jordan said to me, “I will always be here.”
【答案】
127．first
128．surprise
129．immediately
130．Although
131．sunny
132．ourselves
133．like
134．faces
135．better
136．what
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍作者在公园里划船庆祝生日的经历。
127．句意：在很长一段时间里——将近7年——在公园里划船一直是我的第一件事。根据“rowing boats in the park has always been the…thing on my lists”可知，划船是首选，结合备选词选择one，此处作定语修饰thing，用序数词，故填first。
128．句意：好吧，让我感到惊喜和幸福的是，这三件事在我生日的早上做到了！根据“to my…and happiness”和备选词可知，选择surprise，to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是，故填surprise。
129．句意：早饭后，我和乔丹立即赶往公园。根据“Jordan and I made our way to the park”和备选词可知，选择immediate，此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填immediately。
130．句意：虽然秋天的颜色还没有达到顶峰，但秋天的景色仍然很好看。前后两句构成转折关系，结合备选词选择although引导让步状语从句，用于句首需大写首字母，故填Although。
131．句意：天气晴朗，风很柔和。根据“It was…and the wind was soft and gentle.”和备选词，选择sun，作表语修饰天气，用形容词，故填sunny。
132．句意：我们有限的划船技术让我们有理由嘲笑自己。分析“Our limited (有限的) row-boating skills gave us reasons to laugh at…”和备选词可知，选择we，此处指“嘲笑自己”，用反身代词，故填ourselves。
133．句意：船下的水面平静而清澈，像一面镜子，我们可以看到船的倒影和我们的笑脸。分析“The water was still and clear…a mirror (镜子) under the boat”和备选词可知，此处是be like，意为“像”，故填like。
134．句意：船下的水面平静而清澈，像一面镜子，我们可以看到船的倒影和我们的笑脸。根据“in which we can see the reflections (倒影) of the boat and our smiling…”和备选词可知，选择face，指笑脸，此处表示复数含义，用名词复数，故填faces。
135．句意：我想不出比这更好的方式来在我的生日进行放松。根据“Everything was fun as I imagined. I can’t think of a…way to get relaxed on my birthday than this.”可知，作者很满意，所以想不出更好的方式，选择good，根据“than”可知，用形容词比较级，故填better。
136．句意：你决定了清单上接下来要做什么了吗？根据“Have you decided…to do next on your lists?”和备选词可知，此处是宾语从句，选择what，作do的宾语，故填what。
P
（2021·山东德州市·中考真题）
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化 (可添加助动词或者情态动词)，填入空白处。
talk, look, travel, check, see, do, help, keep, make, be, feel



When Ariel rode her bike to the riverside, last November, she planned to go hiking and bird-watching. Bingo! A mile into her walk, she 137 a beautiful swan (天鹅) lying near the riverside. Ariel had worked at the Wild Bird Fund rehab center (康复中心) and knew that swans can be aggressive (攻击性的). But as she got close to this one, she found that it was hurt. “I 138 it, or it will die,” she thought.
Ariel put her jacket over the bird’s head 139 it calm. She gently picked it up, and held it in her arms. And then she thought, “What do I do now?” Her best choice 140 the rehab center, but that was across the river and on the other side of the city. How was she going to transport a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way? Luckily, when she 141 around for help, some strangers drove by and offered her, her bike and the swan a ride to a nearby subway station.
Ariel called the rehab center on the way, and an animal-care manager picked her up at the subway station and drove the bird, the bike and her to the center. There, the swan 142 , treated and taken good care of. By now, the bird 143 many swan friends there, and it is living a happy life. It’s really a happy ending.
The real story is just how far some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city. In all, Ariel spent two hours 144 on foot, by car and subway. “If an animal is in danger, I 145 whatever I can. I always 146 happy because of this,” she said.
That’s the perfect summary of who she is. Do you agree?
【答案】
137．saw
138．must help
139．to keep
140．was
141．was looking
142．was checked
143．has made
144．traveling/travelling
145．will do
146．feel
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍Ariel救助一只受伤的天鹅的故事。
137．句意：走了一英里后，她看见一只美丽的天鹅躺在河边。根据“a beautiful swan (天鹅) lying near the riverside”可知，是她看见的，选择see，动作发生在过去，动词用过去式，故填saw。
138．句意：“我必须帮助它，否则它会死的，”她想。根据“she found that it was hurt”和“or it will die”可知，天鹅受伤了，如果得不到帮助会死掉，结合备选词选择help，此处强调必要性，故填must help。
139．句意：Ariel把她的夹克套在鸟的头上，让它保持冷静。分析“Ariel put her jacket over the bird’s head…it calm.”和备选词可知，选择keep，此处表示目的，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to keep。
140．句意：她最好的选择是康复中心，但那是河对岸，在城市的另一边。此处需要系动词作谓语，结合备选词选择be，动作发生在过去，动词用过去式，主语是Her best choice，故填was。
141．句意：幸运的是，当她四处寻找帮助时，有位陌生人开车经过，载她、她的自行车和天鹅去附近的地铁站。根据“Luckily, when she…around for help”和备选词可知，选择look，look around环顾四周，此处强调在过去的某个时间点正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，故填was looking。
142．句意：在那里，天鹅接受了检查、治疗和很好的照顾。根据“ the swan…treated and taken good care of”和备选词可知，选择check，主语是动作的承受者，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was checked。
143．句意：到现在为止，这只天鹅在那里交了很多天鹅朋友，它过着幸福的生活。根据“the bird…many swan friends there”和备选词可知，选择make，make friends交朋友，根据“By now”可知，时态是现在完成时，故填has made。
144．句意：总的来说，Ariel花了两个小时步行、坐车和地铁旅行。分析“Ariel spent two hours…on foot, by car and subway.”和备选词可知，选择travel，用于“spend+时间+doing sth”结构中，故填traveling/travelling。
145．句意：如果有动物遇到危险，我会尽我所能。根据“If an animal is in danger, I…whatever I can.”和备选词可知，选择do，本句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，故填will do。
146．句意：我总是因此而感到高兴。根据“I always…happy because of this”和备选词可知，此处需要谓语，强调一种感受，选择feel，本句时态是一般现在时，主语是I，动词用原形，故填feel。
Q
（2021·四川泸州市·中考真题）
A．scientist B．worried C．failed D．to E. kind
F. express G. rainy H. when I. trying J. research



On May 22, 2021, the whole nation were saddened by the news that Dr. Yuan Longping passed away. That afternoon, it was 147 in Changsha, Hunan Province. As the hearse ( 灵车) went slowly through the streets, people said together “Grandpa Yuan, rest in peace” over and over again. Some ran along, 148 to see him off for a longer time. Tears ran down their faces with the rain.
Dr. Yuan Longping worked most of his life growing better rice. As a result of his research, the Chinese people are no longer 149 about getting hungry. For his contributions, Dr. Yuan is always called the “Father of Hybrid (杂交的) Rice” by the Chinese.
Born in 1930, Dr. Yuan graduated from college in 1953. Years later, he decided to do 150 on hybrid rice. From 1964 to 1969, he did more than 3,000 experiments, but all 151 . He never gave up. In 1974, he became the first agricultural (农业的) pioneer 152 grow rice that had a high output in the world.
Dr. Yuan Longping was good at English. Actually, he spoke English 153 he talked with foreign reporters. He liked swimming and playing the violin. He also wrote lyrics for a song to show his dream and 154 his love for his mother.
Like our neighbour and friend, Dr. Yuan Longping was a 155 and caring man. He encouraged the young people and loved children. Dr. Yuan Longping is a great 156 with a humble mind and a warm heart.
Dr. Yuan Longping will live in our hearts forever.
【答案】
147．G
148．I
149．B
150．J
151．C
152．D
153．H
154．F
155．E
156．A
【分析】
本文主要介绍了袁隆平的生平事迹。
147．句意：当天下午，湖南长沙下着雨。根据“Tears ran down their faces with the rain.”可知，空格处表达长沙“下雨了”，rainy阴雨的。故选G。
148．句意：一些人跑过去，试图为他送行更长的时间。try to do sth.试图/努力做某事。根据“Some ran along”可推断，人们应该是想要、试图送行更长时间。故选I。
149．句意：由于他的研究，中国人不再担心挨饿了。根据“Dr. Yuan Longping worked most of his life growing better rice. As a result of his research…”可推断，中国人由于袁隆平的研究而不再“担心”挨饿，be worried about…为……而担心。故选B。
150．句意：几年后，他决定研究杂交水稻。根据“From 1964 to 1969, he did more than 3,000 experiments”可推断，空格处应该是表达袁隆平决定“研究”水稻，do research做研究。故选J。
151．句意：从1964年到1969年，他做了3000多次实验，但都失败了。根据“From 1964 to 1969, he did more than 3,000 experiments, but…”可知，空格处应该是表达“失败了”，failed失败。故选C。
152．句意：1974年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先驱。根据“He never gave up.”可知，空格处表达第一位种植高产水稻的农业先驱。the first sb. to do sth.第一个做某事的人。故选D。
153．句意：实际上，他和外国记者交谈时说英语。根据“Dr. Yuan Longping was good at English.”可推断，袁隆平应该是和记者交谈时说英语，该句是“when”引导的时间状语从句。故选H。
154．句意：他还为一首歌曲写了歌词，以表达自己的梦想和对母亲的爱。根据“He also wrote lyrics for a song to show his dream”可推断，空格处描述歌词“表达了”对母亲的爱，express表达。故选F。
155．句意：像我们的邻居和朋友一样，袁隆平医生是一个善良而有爱心的人。根据“… and caring man. He encouraged the young people and loved children.”可推断，空格处的词汇与“caring”相近，结合备选词汇可知，空格处表达“善良的”，用kind。故选E。
156．句意：袁隆平博士是一位伟大的科学家，他有一颗谦虚的心和一颗温暖的心。根据“Dr. Yuan is always called the ‘Father of Hybrid Rice’ by the Chinese.”可知，袁隆平是一位科学家，scientist科学家。故选A。
R
（2021·四川遂宁市·中考真题）
return reasons act harmful by


Every year, forest fires happen at times in different places. Local firefighters have to 157 quickly and put out the fires. The fires are so 158 that lots of trees and houses may be burned. They even cause the deaths of firefighters. Most of the firefighters are even young. Their deaths touch our hearts all over China.
Forest fires are common in spring. People believe there are many 159 for forest fires. Warm and dry weather, thick grass and trees and hot winds can easily make fires happen. As far as we know, 90% of forest fires are caused 160 humans. During the holidays of Qingming, millions of people 161 to their hometowns to honor ancestors. The risks of fires in mountains are higher. So experts remind people to be more careful.
【答案】
157．act
158．harmful
159．reasons
160．by
161．return
【分析】
文章介绍了火灾的危害以及发生火灾的原因。
157．句意：当地消防队员必须迅速行动，把火扑灭。根据“quickly and put out the fires”及备选词汇可知，此处是act“行动”，是动词，have to后接动词原形，故填act。
158．句意：火灾危害极大，许多树木和房屋可能被烧毁。根据“lots of trees and houses may be burned. They even cause the deaths of firefighters”及备选词汇可知，此处是harmful“有害的”，是形容词作表语，故填harmful。
159．句意：人们认为森林火灾有很多原因。根据“Warm and dry weather, thick grass and trees and hot winds can easily make fires happen.”及备选词汇可知，此处是指火灾的原因，reason“原因”，空格前有many修饰，名词应用复数形式，故填reasons。
160．句意：据我们所知，90%的森林火灾是由人类引起的。根据“90% of forest fires are caused...humans.”及备选词汇可知，此处是指“被，由”，应用介词by，故填by。
161．句意：清明节期间，数百万人回到家乡祭祖。根据“to their hometowns to honor ancestors”及备选词汇可知，此处是指“返回”，return“返回”，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语是复数名词，动词用原形，故填return。
【2020年】
2020年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题19 短文填空
考点1 选词填空
Passage 1（2020 •黑龙江哈尔滨）
用方框中所给词或短语的正确形式填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。（每空只能填一个单词或一个短语，每个单词或短语限用一次）
be of medium height, social, bored, laughter, this, compete, eighth, introduction

Do you have a friend? In the modern____61____, friends are an important part of our life. Without friends, life will be____62____. As a matter of fact, a true friend reaches for our hands and touches our hearts. Here, let me____63____my friend Jack to you. Jack is a handsome boy who____64____. When I was in Grade Seven, I took part in an English singing____65____. When the result came out, I learned I failed! I could hardly hold back my tears. I felt that the world became cold and I was____66____at by everyone. How sad I was! Just at that time, I received a letter in English, saying, "Cheer up! Have confidence in yourself. Keep on practicing and you'll succeed." I knew it was from my friend Jack.____67____words encouraged me greatly. From then on, I practiced even harder. When I was in Grade____68____, I took part in another contest and won first prize. I'm so lucky to have such a good friend.
【文章大意】本文通过讲述作者和朋友之间发生的故事，来告诉我们在当今社会朋友的重要性。
61. society【解析】句意：在现代社会，朋友是我们生活中的一个重要部分。
modern是形容词，后接名词作宾语。根据In the modern及所给选词，可知，此空表示“在现代社会”， social是形容词，其对应的名词是society，所以空格处填society。故答案为society。
62. boring【解析】句意：没有朋友，生活将会很枯燥。
be是系动词，后接形容词作表语。根据friends are an important part of our life，可知，朋友是我们生活中的一个重要部分，所以没有朋友，生活将会很枯燥，bored修饰人，boring修饰物，此句的主语是life，所以空格处填boring。故答案为boring。
63. introduce【解析】句意：来，让我把我的朋友杰克介绍给你们。
根据my friend Jack to you及所给选词，可知，是将杰克介绍给你们，固定搭配：introduce sb to sb“把某人介绍给某人”，let sb+do sth“让某人做某事”，所以此空填动词原形introduce。故答案为introduce。
64. is of medium height【解析】句意：杰克是一个中等身高的帅气男孩。
根据句子结构，此句是一个定语从句，空格处修饰boy，从句中缺少谓语和其他成分。结合所给选词，此句表示“杰克是一个中等身高的帅气男孩”，boy是单数名词，并且主句是一般现在时，所以空格处填一般现在时is of medium height。故答案为is of medium height。
65. competition【解析】句意：当我在7年级时，我参加了一个英语歌唱比赛。
an是不定冠词，后接可数名词单数。根据When the result came out, I learned I failed及所给选词，可知，作者参加了一个英语歌唱比赛，compete是动词，其对应的名词是competition，所以空格处填competition。故答案为competition。
66. laughed【解析】句意：我感到世界变得冰冷，我被大家嘲笑。
by everyone表示“被大家”，此句要用被动语态be done的结构。根据at by everyone及How sad I was，可知，作者认为大家都在嘲笑他，他感到很难过，所以空格处填过去分词laughed。故答案为laughed。
67. These【解析】句意：这些话极大地鼓舞了我。
根据句意，此空指代朋友杰克说的话。words是复数形式，结合所给选词，此空填复数代词these，表示“这些话”，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，所以空格处填These。故答案为These。
68. Eight【解析】句意：当我在八年级时，我参加了另一个比赛并获得了第一名。
Grade表示“年级”，后接首字母大写的基数词，结合所给选词，eighth是序数词，其对应的基数词是eight，所以空格处填Eight。故答案为Eight。

Passage 2（2020 •四川凉山州）

阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，并将其答案写在答题卡上相应的位置。每词限用一次。
story from go fall quick be they fly while that



When you see quite a beautiful girl on the street, which word will you use to describe the beauty of her? In Chinese, we may use these Chinese sayings as Chenyuluoyan or Biyuexiuhua. However, do you know where the sayings are ___56___?
In Chinese ancient history, there ___57___ four well-known beauties named Xishi, Wang Zhaojun, Diaochan and Yang Yuhuan. Here are two ___58___ about Xishi and Wang Zhaojun.
Xishi lived during the Spring and Autumn period. One day, she ___59___ to a river to wash silk with her friends. Some fish were swimming in the clear water. When the fish saw Xishi, they swam down to the bottom of the water ___60___. The fish were shocked by the beauty of Xishi and felt embarrassed of ___61___.
Wang Zhaojun lived during the Han Dynasty. The king of Han wanted to send her to the king of the enemy country as a gift. A few days later, ___62___ Wang was on the way with a group of guards, something interesting happened. There was a wild goose ___63___ above the head of Wang Zhaojun. It was so shocked by the beauty of Wang ___64___ it even forgot to flap wings. Then it fell down heavily into the forest.
Nowadays, if a girl's beauty is overwhelming, we can say she is the one that “can make the fish sink and the wild goose ____65____”.
【文章大意】文章主要是讲述中国人一般形容一个女孩漂亮就用 “沉鱼落雁”和“闭月羞花”两个成语，并且举例中国古代的两个美人的故事来解释“沉鱼落雁”的由来。
56. from【解析】句意：你知道这些谚语是从哪里来的吗？
根据句意理解及句中的疑问词where可知，这里表达的是“来自哪里”，英语中表达“来自”是be from，所以这里应该填from，故答案为from。
57. were【解析】句意：在中国古代历史上，有西施、王昭君、貂蝉、杨玉环四大美人。
根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“有”，且空格前有there，所以这里空格应该用be动词，而这里说的是中国古代的时候，所以应该用过去时，空格后面的名词是beauties，所以这里be动词应该用复数形式，故答案为were。
58. stories【解析】句意：这里有两个关于西施和王昭君的故事。
根据句意理解及空格后about Xishi and Wang Zhaojun.以及后文的描述可知，这里表达的是“故事”，英语是story，而空格前是two，所以这里应该用复数形式，故答案为stories。
59. went【解析】句意：一天，她和朋友们去河边浣纱。
根据句意理解及后句to a river to wash silk with her friends可知，这里表达的是“去”，英语是go to，而这里说的是过去的事情，所以应该用过去时，故答案为went。
60. quickly【解析】句意：它们快速地游到水底。
根据句意理解及后句The fish were shocked by the beauty of Xishi可知，这里表达的是“快速”，空格在句中修饰的是动词，所以应该用副词的形式，故答案为quickly。
61. themselves【解析】句意：鱼儿们被西施的美丽惊呆了，感到局促不安。
根据句意理解及前句When the fish saw Xishi, they swam down to the bottom of the water _____.可知，这里表达的是“为自己感到尴尬”，主语fish是复数名词，所以这里应该用themselves表示，故答案为themselves。
62. while【解析】句意：几天后，当王昭君和一群警卫在路上时，发生了一件有趣的事情。
根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，空格后面Wang was on the way with a group of guards是一个句子，所以这里应该用连词连接，且这里表达的是“当……时”，所以选择用while，故答案为while。
63. flying【解析】句意：有一只大雁飞在王昭君的头顶。
根据句意理解及空格前a wild goose可知，这里表达的是“飞”，英语是fly，而这里表达的是“正在飞”，符合There be … doing结构，所以空格应该用ing形式，故答案为flying。
64. that【解析】句意：它被王的美貌惊呆了，甚至忘了拍打翅膀。
根据句意理解及空格前的句子It was so shocked by the beauty of Wang可知，这里表达的是“如此……以至于”，英语是so … that，引导的是结果状语从句，所以这里应该用that，故答案为that。
65. fall【解析】句意：我们可以说她是那个“沉鱼落雁”的人。
根据句意理解及前文There was a wild goose _____ above the head of Wang Zhaojun. It was so shocked by the beauty of Wang ____ it even forgot to flap wings. Then it fell down heavily into the forest.可知，这里表达的是“掉落”，英语是fall，而由空格前的make the fish sink可知，这里表达的是“使某人……”，英语是make sb do，所以空格应该用动词原形，故答案为fall。

Passage 3（2020 •新疆维吾尔自治区(建设兵团)）

根据短文内容,在每个空格处填写一个适当的词,使文章意思完整且符合逻辑。(每空一词)
at egg live kindness have protect another moving as nothing

Scott often goes to supermarket for shopping. One day, he went to shop at the supermarket ___66___ usual. While he was looking for a parking space, he saw a goose (鹅 ) standing in the middle of the road. He thought it might be injured, he parked the car and ___67___ a look. However, the goose looked angry and tried to drive him away. He could do ___68___ but leave.
When Scott finished shopping and walked out of the supermarket, he was surprised ___69___ what he saw. The goose was still walking around the parking lot, and there was ___70___ goose not far away. A few traffic cones( 锥形警告路标 ) had been put around it. Scott knew it was a female from its feather. A man from the supermarket told Scott they had done so in order to ___71___ "the family". The family? Yes, the female goose was found laying ___72___.
A few hours ago, Scott shared this ___73___ story on the Internet. Indeed, it was just a small thing, but showing the ___74___ of human nature. If all of us can____75____ peacefully with animals, we believe that our earth will become better.
【文章大意】文章讲述了Scott在一次购物的途中，发现了一只站在路中间的鹅，他想上前去看看，但是那只鹅却很生气，等他购物出来之后，那只鹅还在那里，并且在不远处还多了一只鹅，且周围放置锥形警告路标的措施，后来超市人员告诉他，他们这样做是因为有一只鹅正在孵蛋，是为了保护它。这个小小的举动不但体现了人性的善良，也展现了人与动物和谐相处的一面。
66. as【解析】句意：一天，他像往常一样去超市购物。根据句意理解及前句Scott often goes to supermarket for shopping.可知，这里表达的是“像往常一样”，英语是as usual，故答案为as。
67. had【解析】句意：他认为它可能受伤了，就把车停下来看了看。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“看一看”，英语是短语have a look，而and并列前面用的是过去时，所以空格动词应该也用过去时，故答案为had。
68. nothing【解析】句意：他只能离开。根据句意理解及空格后的but leave可知，这里表达的是“什么也做不了”，英语是do nothing but do sth.，所以空格应该填nothing，故答案为nothing。
69. at【解析】句意：他对所看到的感到惊讶。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“对……感到惊讶”，英语是be surprised at sth，所以空格缺的是at，故答案为at。
70. another【解析】句意：不远处还有一只鹅。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“另一只鹅”，英语是another，表示不确定数量的另一个，后接单数名词，故答案为another。
71. protect【解析】句意：超市的一名男子告诉斯科特，他们这么做是为了保护“家人”。
根据句意理解及前句A few traffic cones( 锥形警告路标 ) had been put around it.以及后句Yes, the female goose was found laying ___7___.可知，这里表达的是“保护”，英语是protect，而空格前有to，所以这里应该用动词原形，故答案为protect。
72. eggs【解析】句意：是的，母鹅被发现在产卵。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“下蛋”，英语是lay an egg/ lay eggs，而空格前面没有不定冠词，所以这里应该用复数形式，故答案为eggs。
73. moving【解析】句意：几个小时前，斯科特在网上分享了这个感人的故事。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“感人的故事”，英语中表达“感人的”是moving/ moved，而空格修饰的是名词story，所以应该用ing形容词，故答案为moving。
74. kindness【解析】句意：这只是一件小事，却显示出人性的善良。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“善良”，英语是kind，而空格前有定冠词the，所以需要的是一个名词，kind的名词是kindness，故答案为kindness。
75. live【解析】句意：如果我们所有人都能与动物和平共处，我们相信我们的地球会变得更好。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“生活，居住”，英语是live，而空格前有情态动词can，所以这里应该用动词原形，故答案为live。
Passage 4（2020 •浙江省宁波市）

用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空, 每词仅用一次 (每空一词) 。
because say happy one for

Music helps us exercise—but why does it have this effect? Experts say there are two main reasons.
The ___56___ is simple: music takes our attention away. When we listen to a song we like, our brains focus on the music. For example, After we exercise ___57___ 20 minutes, our body might be tired. But we may not feel this immediately ___58___ we are listening to music. So we can exercise a little longer.
Music also makes us want to move. When we hear dance music, for example, we naturally start to move to the beat. A positive song also puts us in a good mood, so we feel much ___59___. This gives us energy and helps us exercise longer. Music with a quick and continuing beat is good for exercising. "But the music shouldn't be too fast, "___60___ Dr. Costas, a famous sports expert. In general, songs in the range of 120-140 beats per minute (BPM) are the best.
【文章大意】音乐帮助我们锻炼——但它为什么会有这种效果呢?本文给出了我们原因：一是音乐分散了我们的注意力；二是音乐也让我们想要运动。
56. first【解析】句意：第一个原因很简单:音乐分散了我们的注意力。
根据上文Experts say there are two main reasons. 专家称主要有两个原因。结合The __1__ is simple: music takes our attention away.及备选词汇，可知此处说的是第一个原因；one是基数词，表示数目，这里表示的是顺序，应用其序数词，故答案为first。
57. for【解析】句意：例如，在我们锻炼了20分钟后，我们的身体可能会很累。
根据For example, After we exercise __2__ 20 minutes, our body might be tired.结合备选词汇，可知是锻炼了20分钟后，我们的身体可能会很累。for后接一段时间，故答案为for。
58. because【解析】句意：但我们可能不会立刻感觉到，因为我们在听音乐。
根据But we may not feel this immediately __3__ we are listening to music.可知前后句之间是因果关系，结合备选词汇，可知because符合题意，故答案为because。
59. happier【解析】句意：一首积极的歌也能让我们心情好，所以我们感觉更快乐。
根据A positive song also puts us in a good mood, so we feel much __4__.结合备选词汇，可知是积极的歌也能让我们心情好，所以我们感觉更快乐。happy高兴的、快乐的，形容词，由语境可知，这里暗含比较级，所以应用其比较级形式happier，much修饰形容词的比较级，故答案为happier。
60. says/said【解析】句意：“但是音乐不能太快，”著名的体育专家科斯塔斯博士说。
根据"But the music shouldn't be too fast, "__5__ Dr. Costas, a famous sports expert. 结合备选词汇，可知这是著名的体育专家科斯塔斯博士说的话，所以这里应用say来填空，联系上下文语境可知，这里的时态用一般现在时和一般过去时均可，主语为第三人称单数，所以动词也要用第三人称单数形式says，say的过去式为said；故答案为says/said。

2020年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题20 短文填空
考点2 选词填空
（2020 •甘肃武威市）
用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词或短语限用一次。
or, about, me, hear from, win, interesting, usually, be, create , reason
Dear Sally,
Thanks for your letter. It was great to___41___you. You asked me to tell you___42___my favorite day of the week. Well, it's definitely Friday.
One___43___I like Fridays is because I have my favorite subjects at school: PE and chemistry. Chemistry's great because we do experiments in the science lab and our teacher, Mr. King, is so funny. In PE we___44___play basketball, which is my favorite sport. I'm good at it because I'm quite tall. Our team always___45___.
We also have French on Fridays, which is actually my least favorite subject, but after that we have ICT which is much___46___. At the moment I'm___47___a webpage for our basketball team. After school I hang out with my friends, then in the evening I play football at the sports center. On Friday nights we sometimes go to someone's house for a party___48___to watch a film. We can relax a bit on Friday evenings because there___49___ no school on Saturday.
Tell____50____about your favorite day in your next letter. Write soon.
Love,
Danny
这是一封信，丹尼写信告诉萨利一周他最喜欢的是周五，并讲述喜欢的原因。
41. hear from【解析】句意：收到你的来信很棒。it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，表示“收到消息很棒”用动词短语to hear from。故答案为hear from。
42. about 【解析】句意：你让我告诉你有关我一周最喜欢的一天。此处用动词短语tell sb. about sth.表示“告诉某人关于……的情况”，此处用介词about。故答案为about。
43. reason【解析】句意：我喜欢周五的一个原因是因为有我喜爱的科目：体育和化学。根据“I like Fridays is because”可知此处表示“原因”，用单数名词reason。故答案为reason。
44. usually 【解析】句意：体育课上，我们通常打篮球，这是我最喜爱的运动。动词play用副词修饰，此处用频度副词usually表示“通常”。故答案为usually。
45. wins 【解析】句意：我们的队总是赢。主语Our team是单数名词，根据always判断句子是一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数wins表示“赢得比赛”。故答案为wins。
46. more interesting 【解析】句意：但是那之后我们有信息技术课，那更有趣。根据but可知此处表示转折；根据“least favorite” 及“much”可知此处用比较级more interesting表示“更有趣”。故答案为more interesting。
47. creating 【解析】句意：目前我在为我们篮球队做一个网页。根据“At the moment”可知句子是现在进行时；根据“a webpage”可知此处用am creating表示“正在创作”。故答案为creating。
48. or 【解析】句意：周五晚上，我们有时候去某个人的家里聚会或者看电影。根据“go to someone's house for a party”及“to watch a film”此处用or表示“或者”。故答案为or。
49. is【解析】句意：周五晚上我们可以放松一点，因为周六没有课。“there be+名词”的结构中be的单复数与最近的单词的单复数一致；根据no school可知此处用单数is。故答案为is。
50. me【解析】句意：在你的信里告诉我你最喜欢的一天。此处表示“告诉我”，用人称代词的宾格me。故答案为me。
（2020 •广西北部湾经济区）
根据短文内容, 从方框中选择恰当的单词填空, 并将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次, 每空一词。
excited less either returns history its will because waited gave
For the first time in history, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) has decided two host cities at the same time. Paris ____56____ host(举办)the Olympic Games in 2024 and Los Angeles in 2028.
"This is a win-win-win situation for Paris, Los Angeles and the IOC," said IOC President Thomas Bach. "These are two great cities from two great countries with a great Olympic ____57____. "
Both cities are ____58____ in bringing home the Games. It ____59____ to the US for the first time since the 1996 Atlanta Olympics.
But Paris has ____60____ for it too long. As the city that has hosted two Olympics before it will host the event 100 years after ____61____ last Games.
The reason for the decision is that there were no other competitors(竞争者)for ____62____ the 2024 or 2028 Games. Before the last decision, three of the five cities ____63____ up bidding(竞标)for the 2024 Olympics ____64____ of worries over(对……的担忧)cost. They were Hamburg, Rome and Budapest. But it seems Paris and Los Angeles have _____65_____ trouble with that.
这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述奥委会宣布巴黎举办2024年奥运会，洛杉矶举办2028年奥运会，这两个城市为此感到兴奋；讲述了这两个城市赢得奥运会的竞标的原因。
56. will【解析】句意:巴黎将在2024年举办奥运会，2028年在洛杉矶。根据2024可知是将来发生的动作，此处用一般将来时will host。故答案为will。
57. history 【解析】句意:这是有着伟大奥运历史的两个伟大的国家里的两个伟大的城市。“a great Olympic”后面用单数名词，此处用history表示“历史”。故答案为history。
58. excited 【解析】句意:两个城市对于带给国家这场盛会而感到兴奋。主语是both cities此处用形容词excited 作表语，指的是两个城市的人感到兴奋的。故答案为excited。
59. returns 【解析】句意:自从1996年亚特兰大奥运会，这是第一次奥运会回到美国。主语是it，句子是一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数，根据“the 1996 Atlanta Olympics”可知此处指的是“回归”，用动词returns。故答案为returns。
60. waited【解析】句意:但是巴黎等待它等了很久了。此处缺动词，根据has判断是现在完成时，根据“for it too long”判断用has waited，表达“等了很久了”。故答案为waited。
61. its 【解析】句意:因为这个城市以前举办了两次奥运会，在最后一次举办100年之后它将再一次举办这个盛会。last Games前用形容词，此处根据the city 判断用形容词性物主代词its表示“它的”。故答案为its。
62. either 【解析】句意:这个决定的原因是不管是2024还是2028年奥运会都没有其他的竞争者。此处用either…or…表示“……或……”。故答案为either。
63. gave【解析】句意:在最后的决定之前，五个城市中的三个城市由于对花费的担忧而放弃了2024年奥运会的竞标。此处缺谓语动词，句子是一般过去时态，根据前文“there were no other competitors”可知此处表示放弃了竞标，用动词短语的过去式gave up。故答案为gave。
64. because 【解析】句意: 在最后的决定之前，五个城市中的三个城市由于对花费的担忧而放弃了2024年奥运会的竞标。此处表示放弃的原因，用短语because of表示“因为”。故答案为because。
65. less【解析】句意:似乎巴黎和洛杉矶对此有更少的困难。此处指的是巴黎和洛杉矶和前文的三个城市对于花费的担忧的比较，用比较级less修饰名词trouble表示“更少的”。故答案为less。
（2020 •海南省）
B）选用方框内所给词的适当形式，完成短文。（每词限用一次）
sing film wonderful I one

Do you like music? I like music very much, especially music in English____61____. I think Do Re Mi. is the____62____song I have ever heard. It is the theme song of the film The Sound of music. I____63____heard it when I was five years old. It was such a beautiful and fun song that I couldn’t help____64____along. Now, I still often listen to it. Whenever I am under stress, I'll listen to it because it can make____65____happy and relaxed.
本文介绍了我非常喜欢英文歌Do Re Mi。因为当我有压力的时候，我听到它，会感到放松和快乐。
61. films 【解析】句意：我非常喜欢音乐，尤其是英文电影中的音乐。形容词English修饰名词，表示英文电影，用复数形式，故填films。
62. most wonderful 【解析】句意：我认为《哆啦咪》是我听过的最美妙的歌。根据I have ever heard.可知，此处用最高级，修饰名词song用形容词，故填most wonderful。
63. first 【解析】句意：我第一次听到它是在我五岁的时候。根据“ when I was five years old.”可知，五岁的时候，因此是我第一次听见它的时候，故填first。
64. singing【解析】句意：这是一首如此美丽和有趣的歌，我忍不住跟着唱。sing along跟着唱，couldn't help doing sth“忍不住做某事”，故填singing。
65. me【解析】句意：每当我有压力的时候，我会听它，因为它可以让我快乐和放松。make sb+形容词，让某人感到.....，作为动词make的宾语，用宾格形式，故填me。
（2020 •吉林省）
IX. 短文填空从方框中选择正确选项，完成短文，其中有两个选项是多余的。
Last week, Green School had a clean-up day. Everyone tried their best to make the school more beautiful. They did different jobs.
Students ___26___ Mr. Smith's class planted some ___27___ trees. There used to be two big trees in the school. Students liked to play under them. The big trees were the symbol of the school. But they were cut down. Why? Because they were ___28___ . There was some kind of virus (病毒). The virus was spreading to other trees. The schoolyard looked empty without them, so they decided to plant young trees. ___29___, they dug some small holes. Next, they put the trees in the holes. Then, they ___30___ the holes with the good soil (土壤). Finally, they tied the trees to small sticks to stop them from falling over.
Kids in Ms. Miller's class picked ___31___ the rubbish. But plastic, glass and ___32___ can be recycled. So it's important to put them in the right recycling bins. Of course, there are other bins for wet, dry and harmful things.
Ms. Black's class cleaned the meeting ___33___. Mr. Brown's students ___34___ weeds (杂草) out of the garden beds. Miss White's class swept all the sidewalks.
It is hard work, ___35___ everyone has such a strong feeling of satisfaction. They have made a cleaner and more beautiful school all together. For all students, school is their home. Everyone should play a part in keeping it clean and tidy.
A. because B. First C. but D. from E. filled F. paper
G. ill H. room I. young J. Second K. up L. pulled
【答案】26. D 27. I 28. G 29. B 30. E 31. K 32. F 33. H 34. L 35. C
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述格林学校的清洁日里，每个班级的学生都在尽自己力量让学校变得更好，虽然辛苦，但是有一种强烈的满足感。
26.D【解析】句意：史密斯老师班上的学生种了许多小树苗。本句planted是谓语动词，Mr. Smith's class做后置定语修饰Students，根据所给单词可知用from：来自，该短语意为“来自史密斯老师班级的学生”。故选D。
27.I【解析】句意：史密斯老师班上的学生种了许多小树苗。根据后文“they decided to plant young trees”可知，他们决定种的是小树苗，young trees小树。故选I。
28.G【解析】句意：因为它们生病了。根据后文“There was some kind of virus (病毒)”可知，那些树中了某种病毒，所以用ill：生病的。故选G。
29.B【解析】句意：首先，他们挖出一下小坑。根据后文“Next”、“Then”、以及“Finally”，此处说明种树的步骤，所以选择first第一，首先。故选B。
30.E【解析】句意：他们用好的土壤把坑填上。根据前文“they put the trees in the holes”可知，已经把树放在坑里了，根据常识，接下来应把土填满坑，fill with填满，充满。故选E。
31.K【解析】句意：米勒班上的孩子捡垃圾。根据后文rubbish可知，这个班上的孩子捡垃圾，pick up捡起。故选K。
32.F【解析】句意：但是塑料，玻璃以及纸张都是可回收的。根据前文“塑料，玻璃”以及后文“可回收”，可知此处需要选择可回收的物品，根据所给单词可知是paper纸张。故选F。
33.H【解析】句意：布莱克的班级打扫会议室。根据前文谓语动词cleaned打扫，以及meeting现在分词作为定语，可知此处填名词，结合所给单词可知用room；meeting room会议室。故选H。
34.L【解析】句意：布朗老师的学生给花坛除草。根据“杂草”和“花坛”，可知是需要从花坛里把草从中拔出，pull…out of把某物从……中拉出来。故选L。
35.C【解析】句意：工作很辛苦，但是每个人都有强烈的满足感。“工作辛苦”和“强烈的满足感”之间存在转折关系，所以用but但是。故选C。
（2020 •江西省）
B)请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给的词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写到答题卡的相应位置。一空一词，每个词限用一次。
because bring city easy even goal important make repeat they
Chile (智利) is a long and beautiful country with ocean to the west and mountains to the east. Some of the villages are a very long way from ____24____ and some of the schools are very small.
It is difficult for small schools to teach science ____25____ they don’t have enough teachers or equipment (设备). This is where the Science Bus Project can help. The bus ____26____ special science teachers, new ideas and equipment to schools in different parts of the country. Sometimes the children go inside the bus for ____27____ science lessons or clubs. Sometimes the teachers ____28____ bring the equipment inside the classroom. The children do experiments (实验). The materials used in the experiments are ____29____ to find, for example recycled plastic bottles, so that the class teacher can ____30____ the experiments with the class when the bus has gone.
The ____31____ of the Science Bus Project is to bring science to children all over Chile. Since 2012, the bus has visited lots of schools in Chile, and hundreds of teachers have learned how ____32____ their science classes fun and exciting.
Science is _____33_____ for all of us, as it helps us understand our world and we can learn about it inside or outside of the classroom.
这篇短文讲述的是智利这个国家里有很多学校距离城市较远，因为没有足够的教师或设备，它们很难上科学课。幸好现在有一个科学巴士项目，它给这个国家的很多学校带来了科学教师、新的理念以及设备。
24. cities【解析】句意：有些村庄离城市很远，有些学校很小。
根据句意可知，这里表示“距离……很远”，因此city的意思符合语境。而且智利有很多城市，这里应用名词复数形式。故答案为cities。
25. because【解析】句意：小学校很难教授科学，因为它们没有足够的教师或设备。根据句意可知，空后“…they don’t have enough teachers or equipment”解释了这些小学校很难上科学课的原因，因此这里应选择because，意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句。故答案为because。
26. brings 【解析】句意：这辆巴士为这个国家各地的学校带来了特殊的科学教师、新理念和设备。根据句子结构可知，这个空是句子的谓语动词；结合句意，这里表示“把……带到……来”，因此选bring。短文使用了一般现在时，主语The bus是单数，因此动词变为三单形式。故答案为brings。
27. their【解析】句意：有时，孩子们会到公共汽车里去上科学课或参加俱乐部。
根据句意可知，这里指代孩子们的科学课，空后science lessons or clubs是名词，这里应用形容词性物主代词，作定语。they是人称代词主格形式，它的形容词性物主代词是their。故答案为their。
28. even【解析】句意：有时老师甚至把设备带进教室。根据句意可知，这里应选择even，意为“甚至”，是一个副词，修饰动词bring，表示程度加深。故答案为even。
29. easy【解析】句意：实验中使用的材料很容易找到，比如回收的塑料瓶，这样班主任可以在校车走后和全班同学一起汇报实验情况。根据句子结构可知，这里应选择一个形容词。根据空后“for example recycled plastic bottles”可知，像回收的塑料瓶这样的实验材料是很容易找到的，故选择easy，意为“容易的”。故答案为easy。
30. repeat 【解析】句意：实验中使用的材料很容易找到，比如回收的塑料瓶，这样班主任可以在校车走后和全班同学一起汇报实验情况。空前can是情态动词，这里应选择一个动词。结合句中“…when the bus has gone”可知，巴士走了之后，老师可以和同学们重复实验的情况，repeat符合语境，意为“重复”。情态动词后跟动词原形，故答案为repeat。
31. goal【解析】句意：科学巴士项目的目标是把科学带给智利各地的孩子们。根据句意“…is to bring science to children all over Chile.”可知，这句话介绍的是科学巴士项目的目标是什么，因此应选择goal，意为“目标”。故答案为goal。
32. to make【解析】句意：自2012年以来，巴士已经访问了智利的许多学校，数百名教师已经学会了如何使他们的科学课变得有趣和刺激。根据句意可知，这里表示“使……怎么样”，应选择make，用于句型make+宾语+形容词作宾补。空前how是疑问词，这里应用疑问词+动词不定式形式作宾语。故答案为to make。
33. important【解析】句意：科学对我们所有人都很重要，因为它帮助我们了解我们的世界，我们可以在课堂内外了解它。根据句中“as it helps us understand our world and we can learn about it inside or outside of the classroom.”可知，科学可以帮助我们了解世界，所以科学是非常重要的。important，形容词，“重要的”，符合语境，在句中作表语。故答案为important。
（2020 •丹东市）
(根据短文内容，从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空，使短文内容完整。并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。每个词只能用一次，有两个多余词。)
another drop then up everything why son careful much see rise what
It was one of the hottest days of the dry season. If we didn't see any rain soon, we would lose ___61___
One day when I was in the kitchen, I___62___ my six-year-old son, Billy, walking towards the forest. He was clearly trying to be as still (平静的) as possible. Several minutes later, he disappeared into the forest, and ___63___ he ran out again, towards the house. This activity went on for an hour, walking ___64___ to the forest and running back to the house. I really wanted to know ___65___ Billy was doing.
Finally I followed him into the forest. I found that he was holding a cup of water. He walked very carefully not to ___66___ the water.
I saw a baby deer (鹿) lying on the ground. It lifted its head to drink the water in my ___67___ cup. After the deer drank up, Billy jumped up and ran back to the house to get ___68___ water. When he saw me, he said, “I'm not wasting, mother." I found that his eyes were filled with tears.
“I know.” I watched the most beautiful heart working so hard to save ___69___ life. Tears ran down my face. As my tear drops began to hit the ground, more drops suddenly joined them. I looked ____70____ at the sky. It was raining.
The actions of one little boy saved a life, and the rain saved our farm.
本文讲述了作者的儿子用自己善良的举动救一只小鹿性命的故事。
61. everything【解析】句意：如果我们看不到雨，我们就会失去一切。if引导条件状语从句，根据the dry season及If we didn't see any rain soon, 可知，在干燥的季节，如果不下雨一切事物都会干枯，所以空格处填everything。故答案为everything。
62. saw【解析】句意：一天当我在厨房时，我看到我六岁的儿子，比利，走向森林。when引导时间状语从句，从句was是一般过去时，主句也用一般过去时。根据walking towards the forest，可知，作者看到儿子走向森林，所以空格处填saw。故答案为saw。
63. then【解析】句意：几分钟后，他消失在森林里，然后他又出来，跑向房子。
根据he disappeared into the forest及he ran out again, towards the house，可知，他先是消失在森林里，然后再跑向房子，所以空格处填then。故答案为then。
64. carefully【解析】句意：这个活动持续了一个小时，小心地走进森林里，再跑回房子。空格处修饰动词，所以用副词。根据He walked very carefully not to drop the water，可知，儿子为了不让水洒出来，所以小心地走进森林里，然后跑回房子，所以空格处填carefully。故答案为carefully。
65. what【解析】句意：我真地想知道比利正在做什么。根据句子结构，此句是一个宾语从句，空格处作动词do的宾语，所以空格处填what。故答案为what。
66. drop【解析】句意：他小心翼翼地走着，以免把水落下来。根据句意，He walked very carefully及所给选词，可知，他小心翼翼地走着，是为了不让水落下来，动词不定式作目的，所以空格处填drop。故答案为drop。
67. son’s【解析】句意：它抬起头喝我儿子杯里的水。根据I found that he was holding a cup of water，可知，小鹿喝的就是儿子拿的这杯水，空格处修饰名词cup，用名词所有格形式作定语，所以空格处填son’s。故答案为son’s。
68. more【解析】句意：小鹿喝完后，比利跳起来跑回屋里去拿更多的水。根据Billy jumped up and ran back to the house，可知，比利跑回屋里是为了拿更多的水，water是不可数名词，所以用much对应的比较级more表示“更多的”，所以空格处填more。故答案为more。
69. another【解析】句意：我看到最美的心灵如此努力地拯救另一个生命。根据I saw a baby deer lying on the ground. It lifted its head to drink the water in my son’s cup，可知，儿子拿着一杯水去森林里是为了拯救小鹿的生命，结合所给选项，此空表示“另一个生命”，所以空格处填another。故答案为another。
70. up【解析】句意：我抬头看了看天空。它正在下雨。根据look…at the sky. It was raining，可知，作者抬头看了看填空，发现原来是下雨了，固定搭配：look up at“抬头看”，所以空格处填up。故答案为up。
（2020 •锦州市）
根据短文内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、正确，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置（每个词只能用一次）。
from, music, hundred, alone, control, especially, close, other, and, out
The novel coronavirus (新型冠状病毒) began to spread in Wuhan in the last month of 2019. ___41___ it has continued to spread.
The Chinese government ___42___ off fifty million people in Wuhan and cities near it. As the virus (病毒) spread to other areas of China, the government took action ___43___ the spread of the disease (疾病). When people go ___44___, they wear masks (口罩).
___45___ of companies have closed their factories until the disease is more under control. Since China makes so many parts for products used by companies around the world, the influences of the factories shutting down are felt in ___46___ countries, too.
However, many countries worldwide offer support to China’s fight against the disease. “Don’t be afraid. The light ___47___ all over the world is on you. Don’t be afraid. You’re never ___48___ in the night. Don’t cry. It’s not just me; everyone is together to give you power.” These are the lyrics of a song created by a group of ___49___ in Malaysia to support China in its battle (战役) against the novel coronavirus.
“We’ve got to do something, ___50___ people outside of China. We want people in China to be free from fear or worry,” said the song’s producer (制作人).
It is just one of many goodwill gestures (表示) and offers of support from countries across the world to help China.
文章大意：本文主要讲了新型冠状病毒在武汉甚至全国传播开，中国政府采取措施与之抗战，世界上许多国家也在此时伸出援手支持中国抗击疫情。
41. And【解析】句意：且它还在继续蔓延。根据空后“it has continued to spread”可知此处是说事情进行一步发展，结合备选词可知要用and表递进。故答案为And。
42. closed【解析】句意：中国政府封锁了武汉及其附近城市的5000万人。分析句子结构可知句中缺少谓语动词，结合时政热点及备选词可知此处是说封锁武汉及附近城市里的人，用close off表示“封锁”，讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，close的过去式是closed。故答案为closed。
43. to control【解析】句意：随着病毒蔓延到中国其他地区，政府采取行动控制疾病的蔓延。根据句意“政府采取行动___疾病的蔓延”，结合常识可知要控制，再由备选词可知要用control表示“控制”，take action to do sth.采取行动做某事，是固定搭配。故答案为to control。
44. out【解析】句意：当人们出去的时候，他们戴着口罩。根据空后“they wear masks”讲人们戴着口罩，结合常识可知外出要戴口罩，再由备选词可知要用out表示“在室外”，go out出去。故答案为out。
45. Hundreds【解析】句意：数百家公司关闭了工厂，直到疾病得到更大程度的控制。题干中讲“公司关闭工厂，直到疾病得到最大程度上的控制”，此处应是表示公司的数量，结合备选词和空后“of”，可知此处用hundreds of表示“数以百计的”。故答案为Hundreds。
46. other【解析】句意：由于中国为世界各地的公司生产大量的零部件，工厂关闭的影响也波及到了其他国家。根据题干中“Since China makes so many parts for products used by companies around the world”讲到中国制作的零部件被世界各地使用，可推出会波及其他国家，结合备选词可知要用other表示“其他的”。故答案为other。
47. from 【解析】句意：来自世界各地的光就在你身上。根据上文中“However, many countries worldwide offer support to China’s fight against the disease.”讲到世界上许多国家支持中国，可推出此处是说来自世界各地的光，用from表示“来自”。故答案为from。
48. alone 【解析】句意：在夜晚你永远不会孤单。根据下文中“... everyone is together to give you power.”讲每个人都一起给你力量，可推出是说不是单独的，用alone符合题意。故答案为alone。
49. musicians 【解析】句意：这是一群马来西亚音乐家为支持中国抗击新型冠状病毒而创作的歌曲的歌词。
根据题干中“a song created by a group of”结合备选词可知此处是说一群音乐家创作的歌，用music的变形musician表示“音乐家”，其复数形式“musicians”。故答案为musicians。
50. especially【解析】我们必须做点什么，尤其是在中国以外的人们。分析句子结构可知句中却少副词，根据空后“people outside of China”可知此处是对“We”的进一步补充说明，讲尤其是在中国以外的人们，结合备选词可知要用especially表示“尤其”。故答案为especially。
（2020 •沈阳市）
A) 阅读短文，然后根据其内容从方框中选出可以填入空白处的短语。
an important skill, more often, with my homework, last year, studying hard
It is a good idea to learn to swim. Swimming is ___60___. I joined my school's Swimming Club ___61___, Our coach is friendly and helpful. He tells us to practise ___62___. I feel comfortable in the water. I like to go to a swimming pool in the late afternoon after ___63___ at school all day. Swimming is a good way to relax for me. Perhaps this sounds strange, but it helps me ___64___ in the evening because I feel fresh after swimming.
文章大意：学游泳是个好主意。游泳是一项重要的技能。作者讲述了去年加入学校游泳俱乐部的亲身经历和体会。
60. an important skill【解析】句意：游泳是一项重要的技能。根据上文It is a good idea to learn to swim.结合Swimming is __1__.及备选词汇，可知此处是说游泳是一项重要的技能，an important skill“一项重要的技能”符合句意，故答案选an important skill。
61. last year 【解析】句意：我去年加入了学校的游泳俱乐部。根据I joined my school's Swimming Club __2__,结合备选词汇，可知此处是说去年加入了学校游泳俱乐部，last year“去年”符合句意，故答案选last year。
62. more often【解析】句意：他告诉我们要经常练习。根据He tells us to practise __3__.结合备选词汇，可知此处是说教练告诉我们要经常练习，more often“经常”符合句意，故答案选more often。
63. studying hard 【解析】句意：我喜欢在学校努力学习一整天后，在下午晚些时候去游泳池。根据I like to go to a swimming pool in the late afternoon after __4__ at school all day. 结合备选词汇，可知此处是说在学校努力学习一整天后，喜欢下午晚些时候去游泳池，studying hard“努力学习”符合句意，故答案选studying hard。
64. with my homework【解析】句意：也许这听起来很奇怪，但它帮助我在晚上做作业，因为游泳后我感觉很清爽。根据because I feel fresh after swimming.结合but it helps me __5__ in the evening，及备选词汇，可知此处是说游泳后感觉很清爽，这有助于自己晚上做作业，help sb with sth.帮助某人做某事，所以with my homework符合句意，故答案选with my homework。
（2020 •铁岭葫芦岛）
根据短文内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、正确。(每个词只能用一次、有两个多余词)
easily stop like part punish our right danger find before they kill
This year a disease(疾病)broke out. It was caused by a new coronavirus(新冠疾病). We have never seen it____66____.
Scientists have____67____that the virus probably came from bats(蝙蝠). They can carry more than 60 viruses, including the world's deadliest(最致命的)viruses, such as Ebola and SARS. Other wild animals____68____snakes and hedgehogs are also hosts of many viruses. According to Live Science, bats can fly and spread viruses farther and more____69____than other animals.
There have been rules for people to____70____eating wild animals. However, the____71____is not just in eating them, but also in touching them. People who hunt(猎取),____72____, sell or eat these animals have the risk of becoming infected(感染). Keeping wild animals as pets or selling____73____of their bodies also creates risks for humans. It is not____74____to do it. Protecting wild animals is protecting_____75_____. Trading wild animals should be banned. Let's start from now on!
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了新冠肺炎的病毒来源，同时呼吁我们保护野生动物，拒绝猎杀、贩卖、食用野生动物。
66. before【解析】句意：我们之前从来没见过它。根据上文“This year a disease(疾病)broke out. It was caused by a new coronavirus”可知，今年爆发的新冠肺炎，我们之前从没见过，故此处应为副词before从前，在句中作状语。故答案为before。
67. found【解析】句意：科学家们已经发现这种病毒可能来自蝙蝠。根据语境可知，科学家们发现这种病毒可能来自蝙蝠。find发现，动词，本句为现在完成时，故此处应用其过去分词形式。故答案为found。
68. like【解析】句意：其他野生动物如蛇和刺猬也是许多病毒的宿主。根据语境可知，其它野生动物比如蛇和刺猬也是许多病毒的宿主，故此处应为介词like“比如”表示列举。故答案为like。
69. easily【解析】句意：根据《美国生命科学网》，蝙蝠比其他动物飞得更远，传播病毒更容易。根据语境可知，蝙蝠比其他动物传播病毒更容易，故此处应为副词easily“容易地”，修饰动词spread。故答案为easily。
70. stop【解析】句意：已经有规定禁止人们吃野生动物。根据语境可知，已经有规定禁止人们吃野生动物。stop阻止，停止，动词，与空前的to构成动词不定式，此处应用其原形。故答案为stop。
71. danger【解析】句意：然而，危险不仅仅是吃它们，还有触摸它们。根据语境可知，不仅是吃它们有危险，触摸它们也有危险。本句缺少主语，结合语境可知空格处应为名词danger危险，不可数名词。故答案为danger。
72. kill【解析】句意：猎杀、贩卖或食用这些动物的人有被感染的危险。根据句中“hunt(猎取). ____ , sell or eat”及语境可知，猎杀、贩卖或食用这些动物的人有被感染的风险。kill杀害，动词，句中or连接并列成分，故此处与hunt、sell、eat等都为动词原形。故答案为kill。
73. parts【解析】句意：把野生动物当作宠物或出售它们的身体部位也会给人类带来危险。根据句中“____ of their bodies”可知，此处为of所有格，故空格处应为名词。结合语境可知，出售它们的身体部位也会给人类带来危险。part部分，可数名词，根据空格后bodies可知，此处应用其复数形式。故答案为parts。
74. right【解析】句意：这样做是不对的。根据语境可知，猎杀、贩卖、食用野生动物以及将野生动物当做宠物的这些做法都是不正确的。right对的，形容词，在句中作表语。故答案为right。
75. ourselves【解析】句意：保护野生动物就是保护我们自己。根据语境可知，保护野生动物就是保护我们自己。our我们的，形容词性物主代词，此处应用其反身代词ourselves我们自己。故答案为ourselves。
（2020 •青海省）
B.用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。
safety country shock set up help
During World War Ⅰ, a naval blockade (海军封锁) kept food and supplies from entering Germany. English charity (慈善机构)worker Eglantyne Jebb was ___31___ to see the influence that action had on children. In 1919, she ___32___ an organization named Save the Children, mainly helping children get out of the difficult situation. Today, Save the Children works in 120 ___33___. It helps with food, education and health. In Syria, the organization ___34___ more than 2 million children, providing food and other supplies, as well as ___35___ spaces for children to learn and get mental health services. During major conflicts (冲突) such as the war in Syria, Save the Children doesn’t choose sides—it chooses children.
本文讲述了Jebb设立“拯救儿童”这个组织的原因，目的及取得的成果。
31. shocked【解析】句意：英国慈善机构工作人员Eglantyne Jebb很震惊地看到这个举动对儿童的影响。
was是系动词，后接形容词。根据In 1919, she set up an organization named Save the Children, mainly helping children get out of the difficult situation，可知，Jebb震惊地看到这个举动对儿童的影响，所以在1919年，她设立了一个组织帮助儿童摆脱困境，所以空格处填shocked。故答案为shocked。
32. set up【解析】句意：在1919年，她设立了一个名叫“拯救儿童”的组织，主要帮助儿童摆脱困境。
根据an organization named Save the Children及所给词，可知，她设立了一个组织，固定搭配：set up表示“设立”，时间状语in 1919是一般过去时的标志词，所以空格处填set up。故答案为set up。
33. countries【解析】句意：如今“拯救儿童”在120个国家开展工作。
120是基数词，后接复数名词。根据Save the Children works in 120及所给选词，可知，如今这个组织在120个国家展开工作，所以空格处填countries。故答案为countries。
34. helps【解析】句意：在叙利亚，这个组织帮助了两百多万的儿童，给他们提供食物和其他供应品，以及给儿童提供学习和获得心理健康服务的安全空间。
根据句子结构，organization作主语，more than 2 million children作宾语，空格处少谓语动词。根据前文In 1919, she set up an organization named Save the Children, mainly helping children get out of the difficult situation，可知，这个组织帮助了200多万的儿童，此句是在陈述客观事实，主语organization是单数，所以空格处填一般现在时三单形式helps。故答案为helps。
35. safe【解析】句意：在叙利亚，这个组织帮助了两百多万的儿童，给他们提供食物和其他供应品，以及给儿童提供学习和获得心理健康服务的安全空间。
空格处修饰名词spaces，所以用形容词作定语。根据spaces for children to learn and get mental health services所给选词，可知，是给儿童提供学习和获得心理健康服务的安全空间，所以空格处填safe。故答案为safe。
（2020 •威海市）
根据短文内容，选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项仅使用一次。
A. get into the cooking area B. Secondly C. seriously D. Experts E. in your own home
F. properly G. cause these problems H. Of course I. Many people J. move quickly out of the room

Smoke pollution in your home
Do you ever get a bad cough that won't go away? Do you have trouble breathing? Do your eyes hurt when you or your parents are cooking? The air in your home could____51____. In fact, smoke and other kinds of air pollution can cause serious illnesses or make them worse.
Everyone knows that there is air pollution in the street, but it's a shock when you discover that you are also in danger from pollution____52____.
____53____, especially those who live in villages in the countryside, burn coal or wood on an open fire. This can be really dangerous, because there are harmful chemicals（化学物质）in the smoke from both wood and coal and they can____54____pollute the air in your home. When you breathe in these chemicals, they can harm your lungs（肺）and other parts of your body.____55____think that about 50 percent of open fires are dangerous, because chimneys（烟囱）don't work____56____and too much smoke stays in the house.
Gas and other fuels that people use for cooking can also be harmful. Again, the problem is often that fresh air doesn't____57____.
There are things you can do to reduce（减少）the amount of bad air in your home.____58____you have to keep warm and you can't stop cooking, but you can reduce the amount of bad air you breathe.
First of all, avoid smoky areas as much as you can. Although it is important for adults to stay away from smoke, it is especially important for children.____59____, if an open fire or cooking cause smoke in your home, find a way to fix it. Make sure that there is a way for smoke to_____60_____. To do this, you may need to move your cooker. And you definitely need to open your windows more often, even in winter. You'll be glad you did it!
【答案】51. G 52. E 53. I 54. C 55. D 56. F
57. A 58. H 59. B 60. J
这是一篇说明文，文章讲述家里因冒烟而引起的空气污染问题，引起污染的原因以及解决的办法。
51.G【解析】句意：你家里的空气可能引起这些问题。
根据后文的句子“In fact, smoke and other kinds of air pollution can cause serious illnesses or make them worse”可知此处表达“引起这些问题”，选择G选项“cause these problems”。故选G。
52.E【解析】句意：但是当你发现你也在自己的家里处于污染的危险中会很震惊。
根据“there is air pollution in the street”并通过转折连词but可知此处讲述在自己家里的空气污染，用in your own home。故选E。
53.I【解析】句意：很多人，尤其是那些住在乡村的人，在火上燃烧煤和木头。此处缺主语，根据“especially those”可知此处用many people表示“很多人”。故选I。
54.C【解析】句意：木头和煤的烟里有有害的化学物质，它们会严重地污染你家里的空气。动词pollute用副词修饰，此处用seriously表示“严重地”。故选C。
55.D【解析】句意：专家认为大约50%的明火是危险的。此处缺主语，根据“think that about 50 percent of”可知此处用名词experts表示“专家们”。故选D。
56.F【解析】句意：因为烟囱不能恰当地工作，太多的烟留在屋里。动词work后面用副词修饰，此处用properly表示“恰当地”。故选F。
57.A【解析】句意：同样，问题是新鲜空气通常不会进入烹饪区。doesn’t后面缺动词原形；根据“use for cooking”可知此处与烹饪cooking有关，填“get into the cooking area ”。故选A。
58.H【解析】句意：当然，你不得不保持暖和，你不能停止烹饪，但是你可以减少你呼吸的有害空气的量。
根据“do to reduce the amount of bad air in your home”可知此处用of course表示“当然”。故选H。
59.B【解析】句意：第二，如果明火或者烹饪引起家里冒烟，想办法解决。根据“First of all”可知此处讲述第二点，用secondly。故选B。
60.J【解析】句意：确保有方法让烟迅速从房间里出去。根据后文“To do this, you may need to move your cooker. And you definitely need to open your windows more often, even in winter”可知讲述让烟出去的方法，选择“move quickly out of the room”。故选J。
（2020 •山西省）
请根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。方框中有两个词为多余项。
I but ask stop final which one he who hide happy feeling
I spent many years of my life pretending (假装). I told myself that I was happy with my job, although I knew from the___50___day that it wasn't fit for me. I pretended to agree with everyone around me to avoid the risk of disagreement. After spending so much time hiding my true self. I___51___felt that I'd had enough of that—I was really tired of pretending.
I made up my mind___52___pretending. It's easier to pretend than to be truly honest with ourselves. ___53___it comes with a heavy price. If I pretend my job is satisfying. I probably won't make the necessary changes to create a new job___54___will bring pleasure to my life. If I pretend to be happy in a relationship when my true___55___clearly say something else, how can I improve my relationship?
These days, I'm always saying what's true for me. When I___56___to work on a new project, I said that I wasn't good at it because I had little experience with it. In the past, I always___57___that fact and felt bad about it for days or even weeks. During parties, I admit (承认) that I hate___58___job and can't wait to leave. In the past, I pretended I liked it just to fit in with everyone else.
Pretending is costly (代价高的). It is not money we give away, but peace of mind and____59____. I stopped pretending from then on.
本文讲述了作者自己心智的发展变化，过去总是“假装”，掩盖真实的自己去取悦他人，但是作者意识到，这种行为的代价是很高的，不利于自己解决问题，于是作者开始展现自己真实的一面。
50. first【解析】句意：我告诉我自己，我对工作很满意，尽管我从第一天就知道这份工作不适合我。
although引导让步状语从句，根据I knew from the …day that it wasn't fit for me及所给选词，可知，尽管我从第一天就知道这份工作不适合我，但我仍假装我对这份工作很满意。the定冠词，后接序数词，one是基数词，对应的序数词是first，所以空格处填first。故答案为first。
51. finally【解析】句意：我终于觉得我受够了——我真的厌倦了假装。根据After spending so much time hiding my true self及所给选词，可知，作者经过这么多年的假装，他终于受够了。空格处修饰动词feel，所以用副词，故空格处填finally。故答案为finally。
52. to stop【解析】句意：我下定决心不再假装。固定搭配：make up one’s mind to do sth“下定决心做某事”，根据前文I was really tired of pretending，可知，作者厌倦了假装，所以下定决心停止假装，故空格处填to stop。故答案为to stop。
53. but【解析】句意：假装比对自己诚实容易得多。但这要付出沉重的代价。根据句意，It's easier to pretend than to be truly honest with ourselves及it comes with a heavy price，可知，虽然假装比对自己诚实要容易的多，但是这要付出沉重的代价，后文表转折，所以空格处填but。故答案为but。
54. which【解析】句意：我可能不会做出必要的改变来创造一份能给我的生活带来快乐的新工作。根据句子结构，此句是一个定语从句，先行词job指物，在从句中作主语，所以空格处填关系词which。故答案为which。
55. feelings【解析】句意：如果在一段人际关系中我假装高兴，而我真实感受清楚地告诉我一些其他的事情，我该如何改善我的人际关系？true是形容词，后接名词作宾语。根据If I pretend to be happy in a relationship when my true…clearly say something else及所给选词，可知，刚开始作者在一段人际关系中感到很高兴，但是自己内心真实的感受告诉他一些其他的事情，这让他不知道该如何提高人际关系，空格处不是单指某一种感受，而是很多种感受，所以要用名词复数feelings，故空格处填feelings。故答案为feelings。
56. was asked【解析】句意：当我被要求做一个项目时。我说我不擅长是因为我没有什么经验。根据句子结构，句中缺少谓语动词。根据I…to work on a new project及所给选词，可知，要求作者去做一个项目时，作者发现不擅长它，主语I与动词ask之间是被动关系，且when引导的时间状语从句，主句said是一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时，故此空应填一般过去时的被动语态was asked。故答案为was asked。
57. hid 【解析】句意：在过去，我总是隐藏这个事实，并为此难过好几天，甚至几周。根据前文I spent many years of my life pretending，可知，作者过去总是喜欢假装来隐藏自己真实的想法，时间状语in the past是一般过去时的标志词，所以空格处填一般过去时hid。故答案为hid。
58. my【解析】句意：在派对上，我承认讨厌我的工作，并等不及要离开。根据前文although I knew from the first day that it wasn't fit for me，可知，作者从第一天起就知道这份工作不适合自己，所以此空表示“我承认讨厌我的工作”，空格后接名词job，要用形容词物主代词my作定语，所以空格处填my。故答案为my。
59. happiness【解析】句意：我们付出的不是金钱，而是内心的平静和幸福。根据It is not money we give away but peace of mind及所给选词，可知，假装的代价太高，因为付出的不是金钱，而是内心的平静和幸福。and表并列关系连词，本空应与peace of mind构成并列关系，所以此空填名词happiness。故答案为happiness。
（2020 •河南省）

present if last they usual other interest good help have
Friendship and kindness go hand in hand. A friendship can 36． forever when friends are kind to each other.
People 37． become friends because they have something in common. They share many of the same 38． and little to be together. It is easy to be a friend when everything is going great, but a true friend is one who sticks around in both the 39． times and the bad. A good friend will cheer you up when you are 40． a bad day. Show a fiend you care. Ask the other person, "What can I do to help you?" and be willing to do it.
Listen to your friends. Be honest. Tell 41． what is wrong if they have hurt you. Send a card, give them a little 42． or call them on the phone just to say "I value our friendship". 43． whenever and wherever you can. Good friendships are not easy to develop, but a friendship can last forever 44． you are loyal and sincere. If you are a friend to 45．, they will usually be a friend to you. Friends make life better.

Word Bank
loyal 忠实的 sincere 真诚的

文章主要介绍的是朋友之间相互友好，让友谊长存的办法。
36．last【解析】句意：当朋友们彼此友好时，友谊可以永远持续。情态动词can后用动词原形，此处用last forever表示“永存”。故答案为last。
37．usually【解析】句意：人们通常因为有共同点而成为朋友。结合语境判断，此处缺少频度副词，此处用频度副词usually表示“通常”。故答案为usually。
38．interests【解析】句意：他们分享很多相同的兴趣爱好。the same后面用名词；根据“they have something in common”可知此处用复数名词interests表示“相同的兴趣爱好”。故答案为interests。
39．good【解析】句意：万事顺利的时候很容易成为朋友，但是真正的朋友是不论好坏都一直在身边的人。
根据“and the bad”可知此处指的是好坏，用the good times。故答案为good。
40．having【解析】句意：当你心情不好的时候，一个好朋友会让你振作起来。when引导的时间状语从句缺少谓语动词，are后跟现在分词，构成现在进行时态。此处用having a bad day。故答案为having。
41．them【解析】句意：当他们伤害了你，告诉他们什么是错误的。根据前文“Listen to your friends”，可知此处tell后面用宾格them。故答案为them。
42．present【解析】句意：发一张贺卡，给他们小礼物或者打电话只是说“我珍惜我们的友谊”。
此处用单数名称，根据“Send a card”可知此处表示“给一个小礼物”，用名词present。故答案为present。
43．Help【解析】句意：论何时何地，只要你能帮上忙。这是祈使句，句首用动词原形，首字母大写。此处表示“帮助朋友”用动词help。故答案为Help。
44．if【解析】句意：好的友谊不容易建立，但是如果你忠诚真诚，友谊可以永恒。此处是条件状语，用连词if引导条件状语从句。故答案为if。
45．others【解析】句意：如果你是别人的朋友，他们通常也会是你的朋友。 朋友让生活更美好。
根据“they will usually be a friend to you”可知此处介词to后面用名词或代词，用代词others表示“其他人”。故答案为others。

（2020 •陕西省）
he go take race world difficult well wide have be

For most of us Chinese, Rick Clay might not be so popular. However, the name is41．known in the sports field. Rick Clay lives in Wellington, New Zealand. He is one of the 42． top athletes (田径运动员). He first becane famous five years ago when he broke the 400m world recor.
Rick 43．won five gold medals (奖牌) in the last few years. This year has been very 44． for Rick, however. In May, he had bad luck because he hurt 45． by accident while he was preparing for this year’s Tokyo World Championships. He was 46． to the hospital. The doctor said it was not serious but would still take some time for him to be all right again.
Ever since then, he has not run in any more 47．.
Rick has tried to be positive (积极的) about his health. “It’s been a hard year, but I’m getting48．, though it takes time," he said. “I love green plants and flowers. There 49． many in my yard. I have done lots of gardening and spent more time with my family. So that’s good.
The next world competition is in Sydney in December. “I really want to50．. But I’m not sure if my leg will be ready for the game. I do hope it will be by then.”

Rick Clay是一个世界闻名的田径运动员，五年前，他打破了400米世界纪录，一举成名。然而今年他的运气不佳，他在训练中受伤，无法参加东京世锦赛。但他没有气馁，他希望他能尽快好起来，参加下次的悉尼世锦赛。
41．widely【解析】句意：然而，这个名字在体育领域广为人知。根据句子结构可知，该空修饰后面的known，表示“广为人知”，应选择wide，意为“宽的，广泛的”，应变为副词形式。故答案为widely。
42．world’s【解析】句意：他是世界顶级运动员之一。根据句意可知，这里表示“世界顶级的运动员之一”，world是名词，意为“世界”，这里应用所有格形式，修饰后面的名词。故答案为world’s。
43．has【解析】句意：Rick在过去几年里赢得了五枚金牌。句中in the last few years表示“在过去的几年里”，常与现在完成时态搭配使用；主语Rick是第三人称单数，空后是过去分词won，这里应填助动词has。故答案为has。
44．difficult【解析】句意：然而，今年对Rick来说是非常困难的一年。根据句中however表示转折以及下文中““It’s been a hard year, but…”可知，Rick在训练中受伤，因此今年对他来说非常困难。difficult“困难的”，形容词，在句中作表语，符合语境。故答案为difficult。
45．himself【解析】句意：今年5月，他运气不佳，因为他在准备今年的东京世锦赛时意外受伤。
根据句意可知，Rick在训练中受伤，即“伤到了他自己”，he是人称代词主格，这里应将其变为反身代词himself，意为“他自己”。故答案为himself。
46．taken【解析】句意：他被送到了医院。根据句意可知，这里表示“被送到医院”，应选择动词take，且与主语构成被动关系，应用被动语态，这里应填过去分词形式。故答案为taken。
47．races【解析】句意：从那以后，他再也没有参加过任何比赛。根据文意可知，Rick是田径运动员，因为受伤，他不能参加比赛，因此这里选择race，意为“赛事，赛跑”。由空前的any more可知，这里应用复数形式，故答案为races。
48．better【解析】句意：“这是艰难的一年，但我正在好转，尽管这需要时间，”他说。根据句意可知，Rick说他正在恢复，应选择well，指“身体健康”。结合语境可知，这里暗含有跟以前相比的意思，表示“变得更好”，应用比较级形式。故答案为better。
49．are【解析】句意：我喜欢绿色的植物和花。在我的院子里有很多。这句话使用的是there be句型，表示“有……”。主语为many，指代“很多植物和花”，be动词应用复数，且这个直接引语中使用的是一般现在时，故答案为are。
50．go【解析】句意：我真的很想去。根据上句话“The next world competition is in Sydney in December.”可知，这里Rick表示想要去参加比赛，因此应选择动词go。句中使用了句型want to do sth.“想要做某事”，动词用原形。故答案为go。
（2020 •上海市）
A．widely B．rebuild C．certainly D．receive E．express

A middle school had major problems with some of its buildings．Susan，the head teacher， invited students to share their ideas about how to46． the school．"We wanted our students to decide what kind of school buildings they like．We wanted them to think of ideas to47．their own interests and hopes，" she said．The news spread48．after it was reported by a local newspaper．
Students49．seemed very excited．And some said they couldn't wait for the project to be finally completed at the end of this year．
本文讲述了一所中学想重建它的大楼，老师让学生们分享他们对于重建大楼的想法。
46．B【解析】根据句子结构，此处是一个简略的宾语从句，疑问词how+to do sth．根据We wanted our students to decide what kind of school buildings they like，可知，老师们想让学生决定他们喜欢哪种类型的学校大楼，所以是让他们分享如何重建学校的想法，故选B。
47．E【解析】根据their own interests and hopes，可知，是想让学生们表达自己的兴趣和希望，所以空格处填express。故选E。
48．A【解析】空格处修饰动词spread，用副词。此空表示“消息广泛地传播”。故选A。
49．C【解析】空格处修饰动词seem，用副词。根据seemed very excited及所给选词，可知，学生们似乎非常兴奋，所以空格处填certainly。故选C。
【点睛】
选词填空题考查学生对备选词的掌握及对语法的运用能力。做题时要根据句子结构确定句中所缺词的词性，然后结合句意及备选词即可得出答案。
A．result B．collection C．necessary D．location E．connected
In the beginning,the school was asked to close and the buildings would have to be sold off,as the school is in a very good50．.But parents and teachers worked together to protect the school and now they are pleased to see the51．.
“This school is an important part of the community and it's 52．that it should continue,” said one parent,adding, “It is also amazing that the children have had a say in the building process.This gives them the feeling that they are more closely53． with the school.I really think the school will develop with success.”
本文讲述了一个学校在很好的位置上被迫要关闭，家长和老师们一起努力保护学校，让它可以继续下去。
50．D【解析】句意：学校在非常好的位置。good是形容词，后接名词，根据句意和选词，可知有一个好的地理位置；故选D。
51．A【解析】句意：他们很高兴看到这个结果。the是定冠词，后接名词；根据“But parents and teachers worked together to protect the school”及所给选词，可知，家长和老师们一起努力保护学校，所以他们很高兴看到这个结果，故选A。
52．C【解析】句意：学校是社区一个重要的部分，所以它很有必要继续下去。is是系动词，后接形容词作表语；根据“This school is an important part of the community” ，可知，学校是社区一个重要的部分，所以它很有必要继续下去。故选C。
53．E【解析】句意：他们与这个学校是更紧密地连接在一起。closely是副词，修饰动词或形容词；根据句意，此空表示“学生们与这个学校是更紧密地连接在一起”，connect with与……连接一起；故选E。
（2020 •四川省遂宁市）
from, action, deal, own, impossible
Every teenager has his 61． dream. These dreams can be very big, such as winning Nobel Prize, or they can be small—you may just want to become the best in your class. Once you find a dream, how will you 62． with it? Do you ever want to achieve it?
Making our dreams real can be life’s biggest challenge. You may think you are not good at several subjects or it is 63． for you to become a writer. These kinds of thoughts stop you 64． making your dream come true. In fact, everyone can make it. The first thing you must do is to remember what your dream is. Keep telling yourself what you want. Then take 65． step by step and never give up.
With your dream, you are sure to make up your mind to learn more skills and find new interests.
文章大意：本文主要内容是怎样实现你的梦想。每个青少年都有自己的梦想，怎样去实现它们呢？首先，你必须知道你的梦想是什么；其次，一步一步地做，不要轻言放弃。
61．own【解析】句意：每个青少年都有自己的梦想。根据题干中“his ____ dream”结合备选词可推出此处用one's own... 表示“某人自己的……”。故答案为own。
62．deal【解析】句意：一旦你找到了梦想，你会怎么做?根据题干中“how will you _____ with it”结合备选词可推出此处用deal with表示“处理”，常与how连用。故答案为deal。
63．impossible【解析】句意：你可能认为你不擅长某些科目，或者你不可能成为一名作家。根据下文“These kinds of thoughts stop you ____ making your dream come true.”讲到这些想法阻止你实现梦想，结合备选词可知此处用impossible表示成为一个作家是“不可能的”。故答案为impossible。
64．from【解析】句意：这些想法会阻止你实现梦想。根据题干中“stop you ____ making”结合备选词可推出此处用stop sb. from doing sth.表示“阻止某人做某事”。故答案为from。
65．action【解析】句意：然后一步步采取行动，永不放弃。根据空后“step by step and never give up”讲“一步步……，永不放弃”，结合空前take及备选词可知要用take action表示“采取行动”。故答案为action。
【2020•随州市】
从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其适当的形式完成短文，每词只能用一次，每空一词。
make a use her up ever if usual build recycle
Do you often throw away things you don't need anymore? Have you ____71____ thought about how these things can actually be put good use? Nothing is a waste ____72____ you have a creative mind.
You have probably never heard of Amy Hayes, but she is a most ____73____ woman. She lives in a house in the UK that she built ____74____ out of rubbish. The windows and doors come from old ____75____ around her town that were pulled down. The top of the house is on old boat turned upside down. And the gate in front of her house is ____76____ of rocks and old glass bottles. Amy recently won a prize from the Help Save Our Planet Society. The president said, “Amy is ____77____ inspiration to us all.”
Amy isn't the only one who is good at ____78____ . Jessica Wong from Hong Kong uses old clothes that people don't wear anymore to make bags. She has been doing this for a few years now. She opened a small shop where she sells her bags, and she has also set ____79____ a website to sell them online. She especially likes to use old jeans to make handbags. Her bags are cute and _____80_____ . “I plan to write a book about new ways to use old clothes,” she said, “I hope people can read my book and enjoy it!”
这是一篇关于如何废物利用，变废为宝的短文。
71. ever【解析】句意：你曾经有想过这些东西可以怎样被很好地利用吗？根据观察原句结构发现其句子结构完整，所以推断出空格处应该为副词，且副词ever通常与现在完成时态搭配，表示曾经做过某事，故答案为ever。
72. if【解析】句意：如果你有创造性的头脑，那么没有什么东西是废物。根据观察原句结构发现改句子缺少连接词，所以空格处应该是个连接词，观察选项词，只有if是连接词且带入原句中符合句意，故答案为if。
73. unusual【解析】句意：你可能从来没有听说过Amy，但她是最不同寻常的女人。根据观察原句结构发现空格处应该为形容词，观察给出的选项词，发现只有usual为形容词，且根据后文内容可知Amy用垃圾建了一间屋子，由此可知Amy是个不同寻常的女人，所以要将usual变形为unusual，故答案为unusual。
74. herself【解析】句意：她住在英国的一栋由她自己建造的房子里，这个房子是由垃圾建造的。
根据观察原句结构可知空格处应该为主语的同位语，已知这里的主语是she，所以这里应该是用反身代词herself来指代主语，所以这里要将选项词中的her变形为herself，故答案为herself。
75. buildings【解析】句意：窗户和门都是来自一些旧的建筑物，这些被推倒的建筑物位于她的小镇附近。
联系前文可知Amy用废弃物建了一所房子，所以这些废弃的建筑材料应该来自一些废弃的建筑物，且根据观察原句结构可知空格处应该为名词，故答案为buildings。
76. made【解析】句意：她房子前面的大门是由一些石头和旧的玻璃瓶做成的。根据观察原句结构发现空格处应该为动词，且这里是固定的动词短语搭配：be made of意思为由……制成，故答案为made。
77. an【解析】句意：Amy对我们大家来说是启发灵感的人。
根据观察原句结构发现空格处应该为冠词，且因为空格后面接的名词发音是元音开头的单词，所以要将a变形为an，故答案为an。
78. recycling【解析】句意：Amy不是唯一一个擅长回收利用的人。根据观察原句结构可知原句缺少动词，联系前文可知Amy非常擅长废物利用，所以空格处应该填入recycle，又因为这里是固定句型be good at doing sth. 擅长做……，故答案为recycling。
79. up【解析】句意：她开了一个卖包的小商店，而且她建立了一个网站在网上卖包。根据观察原句结构可知原句缺少一个与动词set搭配的介词，且联系上下文可知这里应该是建立网站的意思，在选项词中只有up能够与set搭配，set up意思为建立，故答案为up。
80. useful【解析】句意：她的包不仅可爱而且很实用。根据观察句子结构可知空格处应该为形容词，观察给出的选项词，发现可以将use变形为形容词useful，意思为实用的，故答案为useful。
【2020•湖北省黄石市】
从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。（每空一词）
kind as stand about lose remember it when near treat
Norman was a teacher of a middle school. He enjoyed running for exercise around the park when he was free.
One Sunday afternoon, after running51．usual, Norman decided to go home and have a rest. Just then he noticed an old lady52．by the road. The old lady looked around worriedly. Norman went over and asked what he could do for her. After a short talk, Norman came to know that she forgot her way home and got53．. Norman called the old lady's son and then took her to the54．restaurant.
In the restaurant, Norman ordered food for her politely. While eating, sometimes she carelessly sprinkled（撒）food and drink on the table and on her coat. Other customers（顾客）felt disgusted（厌恶）at the sight. But Norman didn't care55．it. He cleaned the table from time to time in silence and56．took the old lady some time to finish eating. After that, Norman paid the bill. They were ready to leave57．the old lady's son arrived. He held Normans hand and said, “Thanks to your help, my mother was58．well.”
“You're welcome. She makes me59．my mom who lives in the countryside. I just did what a son should do.” said Norman with a smile. All the customers around were moved b his60．and showed respect to him.
文章大意：Norman是一所中学的教师, 一个星期天的下午，他像往常一样跑完步，决定回家休息时，遇到了一位迷路的老太太。Norman给老太太的儿子打了电话，并把老太太带到了最近的餐馆，还给她点了饭菜招待她。老太太的儿子赶到后，对Norman表示感谢。Norman说他这样做是因为老太太使他想起了自己住在乡下的母亲，他只是做了一个儿子应该做的。周围的顾客都被他的善良所感动，并对他表示尊敬。
51．as【解析】句意：一个星期天的下午，像往常一样跑完步后，诺曼决定回家休息。根据after running __1__usual,由后面的关键词usual，结合备选词汇，可知此处表达的应是“像往常一样”as usual，固定搭配，故答案为as。
52．standing【解析】句意：就在这时，他注意到一位老太太站在路边。根据Just then he noticed an old lady__2__by the road.结合备选词汇，以及上文语境，可知在作者打算回家时，他注意到一位老太太正站在路边，stand站立，动词；notice sb doing sth.注意到某人正在做某事，故答案为standing。
53．lost【解析】句意：经过短暂的交谈，Norman知道她忘记了回家的路，迷路了。
根据Norman came to know that she forgot her way home，结合got__53__.及备选词汇，可知她忘记了回家的路，应该是“迷路”了，get lost迷路，故答案为lost。
54．nearest【解析】句意：Norman打电话给老太太的儿子，然后把她带到最近的餐馆。根据Norman called the old lady's son and then took her to the___54___restaurant.结合上下文语境，及备选词汇，可知是Norman给老太太的儿子打了电话后，把她带到了附近的餐馆，near附近的，形容词，设空处前面有定冠词the修饰，可知这里应用其最高级形式nearest，故答案为nearest。
55．about【解析】句意：但Norman并不在乎。根据上文Other customers felt disgusted at the sight. 其他顾客对这一景象感到厌恶。结合But Norman didn't care__55__it.及备选词汇，可知是Norman并不在乎，care about担心、在乎，故答案为about。
56．it【解析】句意：他不时地默默地打扫桌子，老太太花了一段时间才把饭吃完。根据__56__took the old lady some time to finish eating.结合备选词汇，可知此处考查固定句型it takes/took sb some time to do sth.花费某人多长时间去做某事，故答案为it。
57．when【解析】句意：当老太太的儿子到达时，他们正准备离开。根据They were ready to leave__57__the old lady's son arrived. 结合备选词汇，可知是当老太太的儿子到达时，Norman和老太太正准备离开，故答案为when。
58．treated【解析】句意：多亏你的帮助，我母亲才受到很好的款待。根据Thanks to your help, my mother was__58__well. 结合备选词汇，可知多亏你的帮助，我母亲才受到很好的款待。treat对待、款待，由题干可知主语my mother和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，即be+动词的过去分词，故答案为treated。
59．remember【解析】句意：她让我想起了我住在乡下的母亲。根据She makes me___59___my mom who lives in the countryside.结合备选词汇，可知是她让我想起了我住在乡下的母亲。remember记得、想起，make sb do sth.使/让某人做某事，故答案为remember。
60．kindness【解析】句意：周围的顾客都被他的善良所感动，并对他表示尊敬。根据and showed respect to him.结合All the customers around were moved by his__60__，及备选词汇，可知是周围的顾客都被他的善良所感动。kind善良的，形容词，设空处前面有形容词性的物主代词his修饰，所以这里应填入一个名词，与kind所对应的名词是kindness，意为“善良、好意”，故答案为kindness。
Passage 1（2020 •郴州市）
第二节 短文填空
从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺（每空一词，每词限用一次）。
money river finally look he who help lazy but about
Once upon a time, there lived a wise man. Everyone looked up to him. His son, however, was very ____46____and did nothing all day.
The wise man was worried_____47_____ his son’s future. One day, he said to his son, “I want you to go to find some treasure.” Then he gave his son a bag. Inside the bag were clothes, some food, a little _____48_____and a map.
The son set out on his long journey the next day. He had to travel across forests,____49____ and mountains. Along the way, he met a lot of people. They ____50____ him when he was in trouble. He also came across robbers (强盗). He saw the beauty of nature and experienced different kinds of weather.
____51____, after a long year, he reached the treasure’s location. He spent two days ____52____ for the treasure, but found nothing.
Disappointed, he began to go back home. On his way back, he learned to hunt (打猎) and make meals. He had to fix his own clothes himself. He met the same people ____53____had helped him earlier. This time, he stayed and helped them.
When he reached home, he said sorry to ____54____ father for not finding the treasure. “There wasn’t any treasure in the place, my son,_____55_____ I think you have found your life’s true purpose.” the father answered with a smile.
这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述一位智者的儿子很懒，整天什么都不做，智者担心他的儿子的将来，让他去寻宝。儿子一路经历了很多人和事，一年之后终于到达目的地但是没有找到任何财宝。回到家智者告诉他那个地方没有什么财宝，只是为了让他找到人生的真正目的。
46. lazy【解析】句意：然而，他的儿子很懒，整天什么都不做。根据“did nothing all day”可知此处用形容词lazy作表语，表示“懒的”。故答案为lazy。
47. about【解析】句意：智者担心他儿子的将来。此处用动词短语be worried about表示“担心，忧虑”。故答案为about。
48. money【解析】句意：包里有衣服，一些食物，一点钱和一张地图。根据a little可知此处用不可数名词money表示“一点钱”。故答案为money。
49. rivers【解析】句意：他不得不穿过森林、河流和大山。根据and可知此处填复数名词与forests和mountains并列，此处用rivers表示“河流”。故答案为rivers。
50. helped【解析】句意：他有麻烦的时候，他们帮助他。根据was可知句子是一般过去时态，根据“in trouble”可知此处用helped表示“帮助”。故答案为helped。
51. Finally【解析】句意：最终，一年之后，他到达了财宝的所在地。根据“after a long year, he reached the treasure’s location”可知此处用副词finally表示“最终”，句首首字母f大写。故答案为Finally。
52. looking【解析】句意：他花了两天时间寻找财宝，但是什么都没找到。表达“花时间做某事”用spend +时间+doing，此处用动名词looking for表示“寻找”。故答案为looking。
53. who【解析】句意：他见到了之前帮助过他的那个人。此处是定语从句，先行词是people，从句缺主语，用关系代词who指代人。故答案为who。
54. his【解析】句意：当他到家的时候，他因为他没有找到财宝给他的父亲道歉。名词father前用形容词性物主代词his表示“他的父亲”。故答案为his。
55. but【解析】句意：那个地方没有什么财宝，儿子，但是我认为你已经找到了你人生的真正目的。
前后是转折关系，用连词but表示“但是”。故答案为but。
【2019年】
2019年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题19 短文填空
考点2选词填空
Passage 1（2019 •四川省自贡市）
将下列单词的适当形式填入空格．每空限填一词，每词只能用一次．
continue make place careful who
same stop before good something
A man named Bill once visited a temple that was still being built．He saw a sculptor （雕刻家）（1）　 　 a sculpture．As he watched the man work on the sculpture， he noticed that there was a similar sculpture lying nearby．
He felt strange and asked the sculptor， "Why are you creating two （2）　 　 sculptures？ Do you need two to put in different （3）　 　?"
"No．" the man said without looking up， "We need only one， but the first one became damaged（损害）（4）　 　 I could finish it， so I' m working on a new one．"
Bill picked up the damaged sculpture and examined it （5）　 　． But he couldn't find （6）　 　 wrong with it．
"Where is the damage？" he asked．
"There is a scratch （划痕） on the sculpture's nose " the sculptor said while （7）　 　 his work．
Bill then asked "Where are you going to place the sculpture？"
The sculptor replied that it would be placed on a platform which is 20 feet in height．" If the sculpture is up that high，（8）　 　 is going to notice that there is a scratch on the nose？ " Bill asked．
The sculptor（9）　 　 his work， looking up at the man and said，" I will know it．"
The sculptor chose a high standard of excellence in his work． Even if other people didn't notice it， it mattered to him that his work should be of the （10）　 　 quality（质量）． This is an attitude we should work hard to have．
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】这是一篇选词填空，主要介绍了一个雕刻家对待工作一丝不苟的故事，通过这个故事告诉我们应该有的工作态度．
（1）making 考查动名词，see sb doing看见某人正在做某事，make a sculpture雕刻，故答案为making．
（2）same 考查形容词，根据上文As he watched the man work on the sculpture， he noticed that there was a similar sculpture lying nearby．当他观看那个人雕刻时，他注意到旁边放着一个相似的雕像，因此判断本句的意思是你为什么要雕刻两个相同的雕塑．故答案为same．
（3）places 考查可数名词复数，different不同的，后跟可数名词复数，结合语境，你为什么雕刻两个相同的雕塑，你需要把它们放在不同的地方吗？故答案为places．
（4）before 考查时间副词，结合语境，我们只需要一个，但是在我完成第一个之前它已经被损害了．判断是完成之前，故答案为before．
（5）carefully 考查副词，结合语境，Bill捡起受损的雕塑并且仔细检查，但是他没发现有什么问题．examine为实意动词，用副词修饰，故答案为carefully．
（6）anything 考查不定代词， couldn't 否定词，结合语境，Bill捡起受损的雕塑并且仔细检查，但是他没发现有什么问题．否定句中不定代词用anything．故答案为anything．
（7）continuing 考查动名词，while后动词用﹣ing形式，结合语境，"雕塑的脖子上有一道划痕"雕刻家边说边继续工作．故答案为continuing．
（8）who 考查疑问代词，结合语境，如果雕塑放那么高的话，谁会注意到它的脖子上有一道划痕．故答案为who．
（9）stopped 考查动词，本文谓语动词用过去式，判断时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，结合语境，雕刻家停下他的工作，看着那个男人说："我会知道．"故答案为stopped．
（10）best 考查形容词最高级，quality为名词，前用形容词，the后形容词用最高级，结合语境，即使别人没有注意到，他的作品应该保持最好的质量对他来说很重要．故答案为best．
Passage 2（2019 •湖北省孝感市）
阅读短文, 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空, 使短文通顺、连贯。方框中每词限用一次, 有两个词多余。
across; forever, through; who; share; which; memories; separate
Good morning, everyone. Standing here, I know it's time to say goodbye. When I look back to the past three years, many beautiful ___52___ rush to my mind. When I walk by classrooms, it seems that the lessons will never stop. I can't forget the sunshine coming in ___53___ the windows. I can't forget the library where I used to go. I can't forget tidy uniforms and lovely smiles. I'll remember the important people ___54___ helped and supported me-my teachers and my friends. These moments are so unforgettable that I feel like ___55___ them with you.
Although we have to go our ___56___ways now, I hope we can value the happy time we spent together. My dear school, I love you, ___57___. And I really don't want to say goodbye.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇演讲稿，作者回忆了三年初中生活美好记忆，表达了对学校、同学和老师的留恋。
52. memories 句意：当我回首过去的三年，许多美好的回忆涌上心头。beautiful美丽的，形容词修饰名词；many许多的，修饰复数名词；根据When I look back to the past three years,和所给单词提示，可知有很多回忆，故填memories。
53. through 句意：我不能忘记阳光从窗户射进来。through the windows透过窗户；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填through。
54. who 句意：我会记住那些帮助和支持我的重要人物——我的老师和朋友。本句是定语从句，先行词people是人，需用who引导。根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填who。
55. sharing 句意：我想与你分享他们。feel like想要……，like是介词，后接动名词；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填sharing。
56. separate 句意：虽然我们现在不得不各奔东西，但我希望我们能珍惜在一起的快乐时光。go our separate ways分道扬镳；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填separate。
57. forever 句意：亲爱的学校，我永远爱你。本句缺副词状语，forever永远，根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填forever。
【点睛】
选词填空，要求根据句意语境和所给单词提示选择合适的单词填空，主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所给单词的正确形式。
Passage 3（2019 •湖北省随州市）
从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其适当的形式完成短文，每词只能用一次，每空一词。
century or prevent put from
what try receive long direct
Stonehenge, a rock circle, is not only one of Britain’s most famous historical places but also one of its greatest mysteries. Every year it___51___more than 750,000 visitors. People like to go to this place especially in June as they want to.see the sun rising on the___52___day of the year.
For many years, historians believed Stonehenge was a temple where ancient leaders___53___tocommunicate with the gods. However, historian Paul Stoker thinks this can't be true becauseStonehenge was built so many___54___ago. “The leaders arrived in England much later,” he points Out.
Another popular idea is that Stonehenge might be a kind of calendar. The largest stone were ___55___together in a certain way. On midsummer’s morning the sun shines___56___into the center of the stones. Other people believe the stones have a medical purpose. They think the stones can___57___illness and keep people healthy. “As you walk there, you can feel the energy_____58_____your feetmove up your body,” said one visitor. No one is sure_____59_____Stonehenge was used for, but mostagree that the position of the stones must be for a special purpose. Some think it might be a burialplace____60____a place to honor ancestors. Others think it was built to celebrate a victory over anenemy.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】这篇短文主要是介绍来世界上最伟大的奇迹之一——巨石阵。
51. receives 句意：每年接待超过75万游客。根据Every year这里是一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词变第三人称单数。receives的意思是“接收”。根据句意，故填receives。
52. longest 句意：人们喜欢去这个地方，尤其是在六月，因为他们想去。看到太阳在一年中最长的一天升起。根据文中especially in June as they want to.see the sun rising可知，这里是最长的一天。the longest day表示最长的一天。根据句意，故填longest。
53. tried 句意：很多年来，历史学家认为巨石阵是一座古代领导人试图与神沟通的寺庙。短语try to do sth.表示设法去做某事；这里是一般过去时态，try的过去式是tried。根据句意，故填tried。
54. centuries 句意：然而，历史学家保罗·斯托克认为这不可能是真的，因为巨石阵是几百年前建造的。so many+名词复数，century意思是“世纪”，这里用复数，根据句意，故填centuries
55. put 句意：最大的石头是以某种方式放置的。这里是一般过去时态的被动语态，put的过去分词是put。根据句意，故填put。
56. directly 句意：在仲夏的早晨，太阳直接照射到石头的中心。这里是副词修饰动词。direct的副词是directly，意思是“直接地”，根据句意，故填directly。
57. prevent 句意：他们认为这些石头可以预防疾病，保持人们的健康。Can+动词原形；prevent的意思是“阻止”，根据句意，故填prevent。
58. from 句意：当你走到那里的时候，你可以感觉到你脚上的能量向上移动。from表示从……。根据句意，故填from。
59. what 句意：没有人能确定巨石阵是用来做什么的。这里是what引导的宾语从句。根据句意，故填what。
60. or 句意：有人认为这可能是一个祭祀祖先的墓地或地方。根据a place to honor ancestors.可知这里用or来连接，意思是“或者”，根据句意，故填or。
Passage 4（2019 •山西省）
请根据语篇内容,用方框中所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯,并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。方框中有两个词为多余项。

As a famous piano master, Paderewski was admired by many people. Wishing to make progress on the piano, one day, a boy____50____to a Paderewski’s concert by his mother. After they were seated, the mother saw a friend and walked up to greet her, leaving the boy alone in____51____seat.
Catching the chance to explore the wonders of the concert hall, the little boy stood up and finally made his way through a door ____52____was marked “No Admittance(进入)” . Soon, the hall got dark and the concert was about to begin. When the mother ____53____to her seat, she discovered that the child was missing.
Suddenly the lights focused on the piano on the stage. In surprise the mother found her little boy sitting at the piano. ____54____knowing where he was, the boy was picking out Twinkle, Twinkle, Little star. At the moment, the great piano master appeared, moved to the piano _____55_____, and whispered (耳语) in the boy’s ear, “Don’t stop. Keep playing.” Then he sat down and added a running obbligato (伴奏). Together, the old master and the young beginner changed an embarrassing situation into a wonderfully creative experience. It became one of the____56____parts of the whole concert that evening. The people were touched so much by the master and the mother was shocked. She believed that such an experience would make a big____57____to her 9-year-old boy’s life.
In fact, that’s the way it is in life. What we can do on our own is hardly unusual. We tried our best, but the____58____aren’t exactly smooth music like what we have expected. But when we trust in the hands of a greater power, our life’s work can be truly beautiful.
Next time, you set out _____59_____great works, listen carefully. You can hear the voice of the master, whispering in your ear, “Don’t stop. Keep playing.”
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】这篇短文讲述的是一个小男孩被妈妈带着去听著名钢琴大师帕德雷夫斯基的音乐会，小男孩无意走上了舞台，开始弹起钢琴。钢琴大师并没有阻止或打断他，而是鼓励小男孩继续弹，并为他伴奏，两人一起合作了一曲，成为了这次音乐会上最精彩的一部分。他的妈妈相信这次合作会对小男孩的生活有很大的影响。
50. was taken 句意：一天， 一个小男孩被他妈妈带到了帕德雷夫斯基的音乐会。根据句意和空后的to a Paderewski’s concert by his mother可知，这里表示“被带到…”，应选择动词take，且应用被动语态。短文讲述的是过去的事情，应用过去时态，故填was taken。
51. his 句意：他们坐好后，母亲看到了一个朋友，就走过去打招呼，把小男孩一个人留在了他的座位上。根据句意和空后的seat可知，这里表示“在他的座位上”，所给单词he是人称代词主格形式，这里应考查物主代词 ，故填his。
52. which 句意：逮住一个机会去欣赏音乐厅的宏伟，小男孩站起来，穿过了一道门，上面写着“禁止进入”。根据句子结构可知，…was marked “No Admittance”是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a door，从句中缺少主语，故填关系代词which。
53. returned 句意：当妈妈返回座位的时候，发现孩子丢了。根据句意she discovered that the child was missing可知，妈妈回来里，动词return，短文使用了一般过去时，故应填过去式 returned。
54. Without 句意：在不知道他在什么地方的情况下，小男孩开始弹《小星星》。根据句意和空后的knowing可知，这里应填介词Without，意为“没有”，句首单词首字母大写。
55. quickly 句意：这时，这位伟大的钢琴大师出现了，迅速走向钢琴。根据文意可知，到了钢琴大师表演的时候，因此他快速地走过去，应选quick，又因为此处修饰动词，所以变为副词quickly。
56. most exciting 句意：它变成了那个晚上音乐会上最令人激动的一部分。根据句意可知，这里考查句型one of + the+ 最高级，表示“最……的之一”。根据上句话Together, the old master and the young beginner changed an embarrassing situation into a wonderfully creative experience可知，这里应用exciting，令人激动的，最高级形式是most exciting。
57. difference 句意：她相信这样的一次经历会对他九岁的孩子的生活有大的影响。根据句意可知，这里考查短语make a difference to 对…有影响，different是形容词，“不同的”，这里填名词difference。
58. results 句意：我们尽力了，但结果并不像我们所想的那样完美流畅。根据句意We tried our best是条件，空后表示结果，故应选 result，空后是aren’t，此处需要填复数，故应填results。
59. to achieve 句意：下一次，当你开始着手完成伟大的作品时，仔细地聆听。根据句意和空后的great works可知，这里应表示“完成伟大的作品”，应选achieve；句中使用了句型set out to do sth.着手做某事，故这里填动词不定式to achieve。
【点睛】
这是一篇记叙文，短文通过讲述钢琴大师帕德雷夫斯基鼓励一个小男孩弹钢琴的故事，告诉我们：生活中也许我们尽了自己的最大努力，结果也不一定像我们想的那样好。但我们要相信自己处在一个强大的力量中，我们的生活就会变得真正美丽。文章通过叙事讲述道理，可以使学生们更容易理解和把握文章的中心。题型是选择适当的单词完成短文，题目中给出了12个单词，短文中有10个空，有两个词是多余的。做题时，应先浏览所给单词，弄清楚他们的意思和词性；然后阅读短文，了解文章大意，根据上下文语境选择适当的单词，并根据单词在句中的作用以及句中使用的句型，填写单词的适当形式。例如第4小题，根据句意she discovered that the child was missing可知，妈妈回来里，动词return，短文使用了一般过去时，故应填过去式 returned。再如第7小题，根据上句话Together, the old master and the young beginner changed an embarrassing situation into a wonderfully creative experience可知，这里应用exciting，令人激动的。该句使用了句型one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最…的之一”，故应填most exciting。
Passage 5（2019 •四川省南充市）
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确（每词限用一次），并将答案写在答题卡相应编号后的横线上。
easy seem long change since
In Chinese culture, it is believed that people who have fair(浅色的）skin（皮肤）are more beautiful. In western culture, however, the opposite is true-many westerners think tanned skin is prettier. It ___51___ that different cultures have different ideas of what they think is beautiful.
These cultural meanings of beauty, however, are no ___52___ important. As more and more people travel overseas, ideas about beauty are being shared among cultures. The Internet has also made it easier for people to share different types of beauty ___53___ people are always posting pictures on social media. With the help of the Internet, people's views about beauty are always一 ___54___. People are now able to ___55___ borrow ideas from other cultures to help them stand out. So what new fashions can we expect to see in the future?
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】这篇短文主要讲述了不同文化对美丽的看法是不同的。
51. seems 句意：似乎不同的文化对他们认为美丽的东西有不同的看法。根据下文different cultures have different ideas of what they think is beautiful.可知这里是说似乎……。It seems+that从句，表示似乎……。根据句意及所给词，故填seems。
52. longer 句意：然而，这些美丽的文化意义不再重要。根据下文As more and more people travel overseas, ideas about beauty are being shared among cultures.no longer可知上文是时说不再重要，no longer表示不再；故填longer。
53. since 句意：互联网也使人们更容易分享不同类型的美丽，因为人们总是在社交媒体上张贴图片。根据下文people are always posting pictures on social media.可知这里是表示原因用since。根据句意及所给词，故填since。
54. changing 句意：在互联网的帮助下，人们对美的看法总是在改变。根据题意可知用现在进行时，其结构是be doing的形式。change的意思是“改变”，根据句意及所给词，故填changing。
55. easily 句意：人们现在可以很容易地从其他文化中汲取灵感，帮助他们脱颖而出。根据下文from other cultures to help them stand out.可知这里是副词修饰动词，easy的意思是“容易的”，副词是easily，根据句意及所给词，故填easily。
Passage 6（2019 •甘肃省兰州市）
阅该下面的短文,用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文意通顺，结构正确。（每个单词限用一次）
come first how fly probably meter it for little and
Have you ever dreamed of flying to school like Harry Potter? Of course, you're___41___ not a magician. But Speeder could make your dreams ___42___ true. Speeder is a flying motorcycle. A US company made ___43___. The company calls it the world’s ___44___ flying motorcycle.
Speeder can take off ___45___ land anywhere. It flies at 240 km per hour at a height of 4,500 ___46___ in the sky. To reach that speed, Speeder mainly uses diesel fuel(柴油) to ___47___. The company will do more research on ___48___ to use clean energy to power Speeder in the future. Speeder riders must weigh ___49___ than 109 kg. If a rider is too heavy, it will be hard ___50___ the motorcycle to take off.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文介绍了一种新的飞行器——飞车。飞车是一种飞行摩托。由美国的一家公司研制成功。它可以在任何地方起飞和降落。动力是柴油。它的飞行时速为240公里，飞行高度为4500米。飞车的自重必须小于109公斤。骑车的人不能太重，否则就无法飞行。
41. probably 句意：当然，你可能不是魔术师。由语境和所给单词的意思可知，选择：probably；probably是个副词，用在be动词或形容词之后，“可能的”意思，一般用这个词的时候表示这个可能性很大的。本文的语境是：我们可能不是魔术师，不可能像哈利波特那样飞到学校。故答案为：probably。
42. come 句意：但飞车可以让你的梦想成真。由语境和所给单词的意思可知，选择：come；come true：梦想成真；本题make的用法：make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事。make为使役动词后跟动词原形。故答案为：come。
43. it 句意：一家美国公司研制成功了。由语境和所给单词的意思可知，选择：it；根据Speeder is a flying motorcycle. 飞车是一种飞行摩托。本题用代词it来代指上文的speeder。所以答案为：it。
44. first 句意：这家公司称之为世界上第一辆飞行摩托车。由空前面的定冠词the可知，本题应该填序数词。由语境和所给单词的意思可知，选择：first；the world’s first flying motorcycle：世界上第一辆飞行摩托车。所以答案为：first。
45. and 句意：飞车可以在任何地方起飞和降落。由语境和所给单词的意思可知，选择：and；take off：起飞；land：着陆；这两个动作是并列的。因此应该用and连接。所以答案为：and。
46. meters 句意：它以每小时240公里的速度飞行，飞行高度为4500米。由语境和所给单词的意思可知，选择：meter；由4,500可知，后面的名词应该用复数，这里是指飞行的高度为4500米。故答案为：meters。
47. fly 句意：为了达到这个速度，飞车主要使用柴油来飞行。由语境和所给单词的意思可知，选择：fly；本题考查use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某物。to是动词不定式符号，后跟动词原形。所以答案填：fly。
48. how 句意：公司将在未来对如何利用清洁能源驱动飞车进行更多的研究。疑问词+动词不定式，构成动词不定式短语，做research on的宾语。由语境和所给单词的意思可知，选择：how；how to use clean energy to power Speeder：如何利用清洁能源为飞车提供动力。所以答案为：how。
49. less 句意：飞车的自重必须小于109公斤。由语境和所给单词的意思可知，选择：little；由比较连词than可知，本应该用形容词的比较级。little的比较级为less。故答案为：less。
50. for 句意：如果骑车人太重，摩托车很难起飞。由语境和所给单词的意思可知，选择：for；本题考查句型：It will be +形容词+for sb. to do sth. 对……来说，做某事是怎么样的。语境是：对于飞车来说，骑车人太重它就很难起飞。故答案为：for。
【点睛】
选词填空题是初中英语的一个重要题型，它集词的用法与搭配、词语辨析、语法、单句理解等考查于一体，既考查了考生的语言知识水平，又检测了考生的分析判断能力和综合运用语言知识的实践能力。
1. 在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性做简单的标记，例如：名词、动词、形容词、副词等等，同时对词义作初步的理解。
2. 仔细阅读句子，充分理解句子的意思，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。
3. 在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。当你选定一个名词时，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词；在遇到动词时，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化(动词不定式-to do，现在分词-doing，过去分词-done，固定搭配enjoy doing sth./ used to do sth./ have sth. done…)；形容词和副词填空时要主动去判定是否需要变成比较级或高级，还有它们之间的相互转换以及形容词变名词也需考虑，例如：more interesting/the most interesting，happy-happily/happiness；填入代词时，需注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法；数词方面要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数的用法。
Passage 7（2019 •江西省）
请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,并将答案填写到答题卡的相应位置。每个词限用一次。
this; explain; skill; say; information; than; again; polite; available; smile
How you speak on the telephone is very important! If you use good telephone ___24___, the caller will be happy. If not, they may not want to deal with(打交道) you or your company ___25___ .
First, make sure you answer the call formally(正式地), giving your name and the name of your company. ___26___ will let the caller know that you are professional.
You should also remember ___27___ as you speak, and use a friendly tone(语调). If you sound bored or too busy, the caller will think you are impolite.
Your choice of words can make a big difference, too. For example, if have not heard what a caller ___28___ , it is much more polite to say “I’m sorry. Could you say this again, please?” ___29___ to simply say “What?”.
Similarly, if a caller asks to speak to someone, don’t just say “yes” or “no”. If the person is ___30___ , say that you will put the caller through to them. If they are unavailable, ___31___ where they are, and then take a message.
In either situation, you will also need to get some ___32___ about the caller, such as their name or company. Make sure you get all that you need and, most importantly, ask for it ___33___ !
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】文章介绍了怎么在电话上和人交流的一些方式，要正式地接电话，介绍自己或自己的公司，说话的时候要微笑，要用友好的语调，选择的话也很不一样，当你没听清楚时要说“请你再说一遍好吗？”，最重要的事情是要有礼貌。
24. skills 句意：如果你使用好的电话技能，打电话的人将会很高兴。根据后文内容和选词，可知是打电话的技能，用名词复数表示一类；故填skills。
25. again. 句意：他们也许不想再和你或你的公司打交道。根据If you use good telephone ___1___ , the caller will be hapy. If not,和选词，可知是再，又；故填again。
26. This 句意：这会让打电话的人知道你是专业的。根据make sure you answer the call formally(正式地), giving your name and the name of your company.和选词，以及句子结构，可知是this这，做主语，代指上文提到的事情；故填This。
27. to smile 句意：当你说话时，你也应该记住微笑。根据use a friendly tone(语调).和选词，可知是smile，根据remember to do sth记住去做某事；故填to smile。
28. said 句意：如果没有听清打电话的人说什么。根据it is much more polite to say “I’m sorry. Could you say this again, please?”和选词，可知是say说，根据if have not heard可知用过去时态；故填said。
29. than 句意：比简单地说“什么？”。根据it is much more polite to say “I’m sorry. Could you say this again, please?” ___6___ to simply say “What?”和选词，可知说“对不起，请你再说一遍好吗？”比简单地说“什么？”礼貌得多；故填than。
30. available 句意：如果这个人在。根据if a caller asks to speak to someone和选词，可知是be available在；故填available。
31. explain 句意：如果不在，解释他们在哪里。根据If they are unavailable, ___8___ where they are, and then take a message.和选词，可知是解释他们在哪里，比较有礼貌；故填explain。
32. information 句意：你也需要得到打电话的人的信息。根据, such as their name or company.和选词，可知是information信息；故填information。
33. politely 句意：要有礼貌地问。根据文章和选词，可知是要礼貌地问，副词修饰动词ask；故填politely。
Passage 8（2019 •山东省济宁市）
阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词语填空，方框中有两个词语为多余选项。
action; alone; care, other, praise, unexpected, when, for sure, for a while
Most people think children only have some simple wishes, such as getting delicious snacks and having enough playtime. But one six-year-old girl named Peyton surprised everyone by making a(n)___34___decision.
Peyton’s teacher Tara promised Peyton a reward in a class: choose to sit with whoever she wanted at lunch. Mrs. Tara thought___35___ that she knew who Peyton would pick(挑选). However, Mr. Tara was surprised by Peyton___36___ she picked a little boy who never got picked by anyone for anything. The boy was very shy, and he was___37___all the time Peyton's decision really made his day. Since then, ___38___ children have started picking the boy as well. Now, he is a completely different child.
Mrs. Tara says that Peyon’s___39___ reminds her why she loves teaching. People on the Internet also____40____ the little girl for her kindness. Peyton shows us that a simple act of kindness can change a person’s life.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】文章讲述了一个叫Peyton的小女孩，做了一个让所有人惊讶的决定，Peyton的老师给她一个奖励，吃午饭时她可以和她想坐在一起的任何人一起吃饭，令老师惊讶的是，她挑选了一个从来没人挑过的一个小男孩，他总是自己在一起，Peyton的决定让他很高兴，从那以后，其他的人也开始挑这个小男孩，现在，他变成了一个完全不一样的孩子了，老师说Peyton的行为提醒她为什么她喜欢教书，网上的人也赞扬这个小女孩的善良。
34. unexpected 句意：一个叫Peyton的小女孩，做了一个让所有人惊讶的决定。根据Mr. Tara was surprised by Peyton___3___ she picked a little boy who never got picked by anyone for anything.和People on the Internet also____7____ the little girl for her kindness. Peyton shows us that a simple act of kindness can change a person’s life.以及选词，可知是unexpected令人意外的；故填unexpected。
35. for sure 句意：Mrs. Tara确实认为她知道Peyton会选谁。根据Mrs. Tara thought___2___ that she knew who Peyton would pick(挑选). However, Mr. Tara was surprised by Peyton和选词，可知是for sure一定，确实；故填for sure。
36. when 句意：Mrs. Tara被Peyton惊讶到了，当她挑选了一个从来没人挑过的一个小男孩。根据Mr. Tara was surprised by Peyton和 she picked a little boy who never got picked by anyone for anything.之间的关系，可知是当……时候，被惊讶到了；故填when。
37. alone 句意：他总是自己在一起。根据a little boy who never got picked by anyone for anything. The boy was very shy,和选词，可知是alone独自的，作表语；故填alone。
38. other 句意：其他的孩子也开始挑选这个小男孩。根据上文Peyton挑选这个别人从来没挑过的小男孩，和children have started picking the boy as well.以及选词，可知是other其他的，修饰名词复数；故填other。
39. action 句意：Mrs. Tara说Peyton的行为提醒她为什么她喜欢教书。根据上文Peyton 挑选别人从来没挑过的小男孩的行为，和Peyton shows us that a simple act of kindness can change a person’s life.以及选词，可知是action行为；故填action。
40. praise 句意：网上的人也赞扬这个小女孩的善良。根据句意和选词，可知是praise赞扬；故填praise。
Passage 9（2019 •广安市）
根据短文内容用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空,每空一词,每词一次,并将答案写在答题卡上相应的位置。
wrong air too in what away fly at without shine
If you are asked the question “What colour is the sky?” I believe you will answer blue. But I am afraid you are___51___. The sky has no color. When we see blue, we are looking ___52___ the blue sunlight. The sunlight ___53___ on the little bits of dust(灰尘) in the air.
Is the sky full of ___54___? I am sure that you are asked this question,___55___. We know that there is air all around the world. We could not live___56___ air. Planes could not ___57___ if there is not any air. If we go far enough ___58___ from the earth, then we will find there is no air. Perhaps we can answer some of our questions now.___59___ is the sky? The sky is space. It is all around the world. There is nothing but the sun, the moon and the stars ___60___space.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】当我们看到蓝色时，我们看到的是蓝色的阳光。阳光照射在空气中的尘埃上。没有空气我们无法生存。如果没有空气，飞机就不能飞行。如果我们离地球足够远，就会发现没有空气。在太空中除了太阳、月亮和星星什么都没有。
51. wrong 句意：但是恐怕你是错误的。根据空前are可知，此空应填形容词作表语，根据下句可知，此空是错误的意思，此空故填wrong。
52. at 句意：当我们看到蓝色时，我们看到的是蓝色的阳光。根据空后the blue sunlight. 可知，此空应填介词，根据句意可知，此处是看的意思，look是不及物动词，此空应填at。
53. shines 句意：阳光照射在空气中的尘埃上。此句是一般现在时态，主语The sunlight是第三人称单数形式，此空是照射的意思，此空故填shines 。
54. air 句意：天空充满了空气吗？根据full of 可知，此空应填名词，根据句意可知，此空是空气的意思，此空故填air。
55. too 句意：我相信你也会被问到这个问题。根据句意可知，此句是陈述句的肯定形式，并且在句尾，此空故填too 。
56. without 句意：没有空气我们无法生存。根据空后名词air可知，此空故填介词，根据句意可知，此空是没有的意思，此空故填without。
57. fly 句意：如果没有空气，飞机就不能飞行。根据空前could not 可知，此空应填动词原形，根据句意可知，此空是飞的意思，此空故填fly。
58. away 句意：如果我们离地球足够远，就会发现没有空气。.根据空前enough可知，此空应填away
59. What 句意：天空是什么？根据下句The sky is space.可知，此句是特殊疑问句，根据句意可知，此处是什么的意思，此空故填What。
60. in 句意：在太空中除了太阳、月亮和星星什么都没有。根据空后space可知，此空应填介词，根据句意可知，此处是在太空中的意思，此空故填in。
Passage 10（2019 •甘肃省敦煌市）
用方框中所给单词成短语的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词或短语限用一次。
come, fun, visit, hardly, yourself, not, fall off, advice, from, important
Dear Molly,
I just got your letter with the picture of you riding your bike. From the smile on your face, I can tell how much ___61___you're having. I still remember when you could___62___ride a tricycle(儿童三轮自行车).You've___63___ a long way! Now here's some ___64___.I'm sure you're a good rider. But you will ___65___ that bike now and then, So please get___66___ a helmet. Wear it every time you ride, A helmet will help protect you ___67___a head injury. Wearing a helmet when you ride a bike is as ___68___as wearing your seat belt when you ride in a car! No, I'm___69___trying to be a bossy know- it-all. I just don’t want a bad fall to wipe that smile off your face. When you came____70____ this summer, bring your bike and your helmet. We'll take some great rides together!
Your cousin,
Vera
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述薇拉祝贺莫莉会骑自行车了，并且薇拉就骑自行车给莫莉提出了一个建议，即记得戴头盔。
61. fun 句意“从你脸上的笑容我能看出你玩得是多么地开心啊！”。根据空前much可知，空处用不可数名词，且根据have fun“玩的开心”可知，故填fun。
62. hardly 句意“我仍然记得你几乎不会骑儿童三轮自行车的时候”。根据You're___3___ a long way“你已经取得了很大的进步”可知，表示“莫莉几乎不会骑儿童三轮自行车”。hardly几乎不，故填hardly。
63. come 句意“你已经取得了很大的进步了”。根据I still remember when you could___2___ride a tricycle可知，莫莉以前连儿童三轮自行车都不会骑，而现在会骑自行车了，所以表示“你已经取得了很大的进步了”。come a long way取得了很大的进步，且根据空前you’ve可知，用现在完成时have done，故填come。
64. advice 句意“这里有一些建议”。根据But you will ___5___ that bike now and then, So please get___6___ a helmet可知，表示“我要给你一些建议”。advice建议，不可数名词，故填advice。
65. fall off 句意“但是有时你会从车上摔下来，所以请给自己戴一个头盔”。根据句意可知，你又时会从车上摔下来，所以戴个头盔保护自己。fall off摔下，且根据will可知，用原形，故填fall off。
66. yourself 句意“但是有时你会从车上摔下来，所以请给自己戴一个头盔”。本句话为祈使句，省略主语you，且主语与宾语表示同一个人，用反身代词，即指莫莉自己，故填yourself。
67. from 句意“每次你骑车的时候都要戴它，一个头盔将会保护你免受头部伤害”。根据句意可知，表示“保护……免受”，用protect...from...，故填from。
68. important 句意“当你骑车时戴一个头盔就和当你坐车时系安全带一样重要”。根据空前is可知，用形容词，且根据as...as...可知，用形容词的原级。表示“一样重要”，故填important。
69. not 句意“不，我没有尝试着成为一个专横的自以为无所不知的人”。根据I just don’t want a bad fall to wipe that smile off your face可知，表示我不是尝试着成为一个专横的无所不知的人，我只是给你提一个意见，我不想看到重重的一跤会将你脸上的笑容抹掉，表示否定，且空前有be动词am，直接在后面加not即可，故填not。
70. to visit 句意“这个夏天当你来访时，记得带上你的自行车和头盔”。根据We'll take some great rides together!可知，表示“来访”，come to visit来访，故填to visit。
Passage 11（2019 •四川省成都市）
从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺（每词限用一次）。
bad British consider fun hope pleasure power they total understand we win
Is it true that we British people have a different sense of humor from people in other countries? Let’s have a look at what we laugh at in ___61___.
To us British people, ___62___ and important people often cause laughter. It’s not just politicians (政客) who make us laugh, but anyone whose job is to tell other people what to do and who takes ___63___ too seriously.
We laugh at the power, but also, pitifully, at anyone who is treated ___64___. We know they cannot win, but if they do win sometimes, it’s even ___65___. Our clowns (小丑) are often silly people doing silly things, while in America, they are often clever people doing clever things-and ___66___ at last.
The fact that we laugh when other people might feel ___67___ is one of the strangest things to learn about British humor. We do have a strong sense of irony (反讽). After some terrible experience, we might say, “Not very ___68___.” And we might say in the middle of a typhoon, “It’s a bit windy today.” Or “There is a tiny problem,” when something has gone ___69___ wrong. We don’t like to express strong feelings, but just “keep calm and carry on”.
Another things that can make it difficult ___70___ British humor is that we don’t always laugh or even smile when we say something funny. We often keep a straight face or use an unsmiling expression when we’re making a joke.
Do you think the British sense of humor is special?
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文介绍了英国人不同于其他国家的幽默感。先介绍了英国人都在笑什么，后面具体介绍了让人难以理解的英国人的幽默感的两种情况：一是别人感到绝望时英国人却大笑；二是当说一些有趣的事情时并不总是笑，甚至是微笑，而是经常板着脸或者表情严肃。
61. Britain 句意：让我们来看看我们在英国笑什么。根据上文we British people have a different sense of humor和所给单词提示，可知这里是说“在英国”，故填Britain。
62. powerful 句意：对我们英国人来说，有权有势和重要的人常常引起笑声。and表并列，连接两个并列的形容词；根据下文It’s not just politicians who make us laugh和所给单词提示，可知politicians（政客）是有权力的人，故填powerful。
63. themselves 句意：让我们发笑的不只是政客，还有那些工作就是告诉别人该做什么的人，以及那些把自己看得太严肃的人。本句是定语从句，先行词who指人，动词take需接宾格代词或反身代词做宾语；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填themselves。
64. badly 句意：我们嘲笑权力，但也可怜地嘲笑任何受到不公正对待的人。treat对待，动词需用副词修饰；根据下文英美人对待小丑的不同和所给单词提示，可知填badly。
65. funnier 句意：我们知道他们不可能赢,但如果他们赢了,有时甚至更有趣。even甚至，修饰比较级；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填funnier。
66. winning 句意：而在美国，他们通常是做傻事的聪明人——最后赢得了胜利。and连接并列结构，前后动词结构需一致；根据上文doing clever things和所给单词提示，可知填winning。
67. hopeless 句意：当别人感到绝望时，我们却大笑的事实，是了解英国幽默最奇怪的事情之一。feel是表感觉系动词，后接形容词；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填hopeless。
68. pleasant 句意：在经历了一些可怕的经历之后，我们可能会说，“不太愉快”。very非常，副词修饰形容词；not表否定，根据After some terrible experience和所给单词提示，可知填pleasant。
69. totally 句意：或者说“有一个小问题，”当事情完全出错时。wrong错误的，形容词需用副词修饰；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填totally。
70. to understand 句意：另一个让人很难理解英国幽默的地方是，当我们说一些有趣的话时，我们不总是笑，甚至不总是微笑。本句是固定句型“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式”结构，it是形式宾语，不定式是真正宾语；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填to understand。
【点睛】
选词填空，要求根据句意语境和所给单词提示选择合适的单词填空，主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所给单词的正确形式。
2019年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题19 短文填空
考点2选词填空
Passage 1（2019 •湖南省郴州市）
从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空, 使短文完整、通顺（每空一词, 每词限用一次）。
but program over work travel comfortable nurse place with she
Diana is Australian. She once______46______in a big company. She lived with her friend in a ______47______ apartment and drove to work. She travelled to many______48______, but she seldom took the plane. She was afraid of flying.
One day, Diana saw a TV ______49______about ORBIS. She learnt about the Flying Eye Hospital. She wanted to help poor people_______50_______eye problems, so she made up her mind to train as a_______51_______ and attended courses after work.
Diana is working for ORBIS now. She has to travel ______52______300 days a year. She is getting used to______53______by plane
Diana enjoys ______54______work. She is glad to be able to help people see again. She does not have as much money as before,______55______she thinks her life is more meaningful.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】这篇短文主要讲述来Diana是澳大利亚人，曾在一个大公司里工作，她害怕乘坐飞机，一次她看到一个关于ORBIS的电视节目，决定去帮助那些眼睛有问题的贫穷的人，她成为一名护士，现在习惯乘飞机了。
46. worked 句意：她曾经在一个大公司里工作。根据下文She lived with her friend in a ______47______ apartment and drove to work.可知上文是在一个大公司工作。这里用一般过去时态，work的过去式是worked。根据句意，故填worked。
47. comfortable 句意：她和朋友住在一个舒适的公寓里，开车去上班。根据下文and drove to work.可知上文是说住在一个舒适的公寓里。comfortable的意思是“舒适的”，根据句意，故填comfortable。
48. places 句意：她去过许多地方，但很少乘飞机。根据下文but she seldom took the plane. She was afraid of flying.可知上文是说去过许多地方。many+名词复数。根据题意，故填places。
49. program 句意：一天，Diana看了一个关于奥比斯的电视节目。根据about ORBIS可知这里是一个电视节目。program的意思是“节目”。根据句意，故填program。
50. with 句意：她想帮助有视力问题的穷人。根据文中eye problems可知这里说带有视力问题的人们。with带有，具有。根据句意，故填with。
51. nurse 句意：所以她决定接受护士培训，下班后参加课程。根据上文She wanted to help poor people_______50_______eye problems, so she made up her mind to train as可知上文是说作为一名护士。根据句意，故填nurse。
52. over 句意：她每年要出差300多天。根据下文She is getting used to______53______by plane可知上文是说一年300多天去旅行。根据句意，故填over。
53. travelling 句意：她习惯乘飞机旅行了。短语get used to doing sth.表示习惯做某事。travel意思是“旅行”根据句意，故填travelling。
54. her 句意：Diana习惯她的工作。根据work.可知上文是形容词性物主代词，she的物主代词是her。根据句意，故填her。
55. but 句意：她没有以前那么多钱，但她认为她的生活更有意义。根据下文she thinks her life is more meaningful.可知上文是表示转折关系。根据句意，故填but。
Passage 2（2019 •广西百色市）
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整．每个单词只能用一次（共1小题，每小题5分，满分5分）
Popular man during think also
The Dragon Boat Festival， also called the Duanwu Festival， is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month in Chinese calendar． People often eat zongzi and row dragon boats（1）　 　 the festival．
Thousands of years ago， people began to throw rice into the Miluo River to feed Qu Yuan on May 5th every year， because he died in the Miluo River． They（2）　 　 he was still alive in the river．Now，in order to remember the honest man， people in China often make zongzi．This kind of food is very delicious and very （3）　 　．Men and women，young and old all like eating zongzi very much．
The festival is （4）　 　 best known for its dragon boat races． During the festival， people often race dragon boats in many places， especially in the south of China where there are many rivers and lakes． The dragon boat is about 50﹣100 feet long， 5 feet wide． There are more than 20 strong （5）　 　on the boat． They sit in the boat side by side． At the head of the boat， there is a big drum on it． The drummer plays the drum during the race．
【答案与解析】
1．during 考查介词。根据语境"人们在节日期间经常吃粽子和划龙舟"，考虑选择介词during，意为"在……期间"，故答案为 during。
2．thought 考查动词。根据语境"他们以为他还在河里活着。"，考虑选择动词think，意为"觉得"，因此处是讲过去的故事，推断此处填过去式形式，故答案为 thought。
3．popular 考查形容词。根据语境"这种食物很好吃，很受欢迎"，考虑选择形容词popular，意为"受欢迎的"，故答案为 popular。
4．also 考查副词。根据语境"这个节日也以龙舟比赛而闻名"，考虑选择副词also，意为"也"，故答案为also。
5．men 考查名词。根据语境"船上有20多个强壮的人"，考虑选择名词man，意为"男人"，由空前的数词20推断此处填复数形式，故答案为 men。
Passage 3（2019 •陕西省）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次。每空只填一个单词。）（共10小题，计10分）
meter，stop，one，can，take，wait，your，sell，slow，wife

It was nine on a cold winter night. I hurried to go home from work on my motorbike.
At the last crossing，while I was 61. for the green light，I saw an old man walking toward me. He 62 me and I felt a little nervous. The old man said 63. “Excuse me. Could you please help me?” I looked at him up and down. He looked about 70 years old.
The old man took out a 10-yuan bill and said to me，"You see the old lady over there? She is selling baked（烤）sweet potatoes. Could you just 64. .the money and buy one from her?" He pointed at an old lady selling something about fifty 65. away in the corner.
“But why don't you go and buy it 66. ?” I was puzzles（迷惑的）.The old man continued. "That old lady is my wife and it's her 67. . day to sell baked sweet potatoes. Just now I called her. She told me that there was only one sweet potato left and she wouldn't go home until all the sweet potatoes were 68. .But I know she can't stand the cold because her legs hurt. I'm very worried about her."
At that time，I understood why the old man asked me to buy his 69. sweet potato. I felt really warm and moved. Without taking the money，I rode to the old lady quickly and bought the last one. As I waved goodbye to the old man. I 70. see him standing there with a thankful smile.
【答案与解析】
61. waiting
62. stopped
63. slowly
64. take
65. meters
66. yourself
67. first
68. sold
69. wife's
70. could
Passage 4（2019 •四川凉山州）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，并将其答案写在答题卡上相应的位置。每词限用一次。
deep thank give one or be whole until work people
Lei Feng Spirit Carrying on
“It is not hard to do one good deed, but it is hard to do good deeds all your life.” Chairman Mao 81 said. And he called on people to learn from him. Do you know who the man is? He is Lei Feng.
Lei Feng was born in a poor family in a little mountain village of Hunan Province, on December 18th, 1940. He didn’t go to school 82 he was 10 years old. At the age of 18, he became a steel 83 . He was often praised for his good job. On January 8th, 1960, he joined the army and several months later, he joined the Communist Party. He loved the Party and the people, and kept doing something good for others. When he got 84 , he always said, “It’s my duty and it’s just that some people need some help, there should be someone standing out 85 them a hand.” He became a model soldier one year later. To our sadness, Lei Feng died in an accident in 1962.
March 5th 86 a “Learn from Lei Feng Day” since 1963. When Lei Feng’s Diary came out, People began to know more about him than before. Now the term “Living LeiFeng” has become a name for anyone who is brave, anyone who has 87 love for his country, anyone who works hard, 88 anyone who is always ready to help others….
Lei Feng’s spirit will live in 89 hearts. Lei Feng’s spirit will be remembered by the 90 nation forever. And we will surely practice his spirit in life as he did.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文介绍了"雷锋精神"的由来，倡导人们向雷锋同志学习，做一个对祖国和人民有用的人．
1． once 考查副词。根据语境"毛主席曾经说过"，考虑选择副词once，意为"曾经"，故答案为 once。
2．until 考查连词。根据语境"他直到10岁才上学"，考虑选择词until，构成not...until...句型，意为"直到……才……"，故答案为 until。
3．worker 考查名词。根据语境"18岁时，他成为了一名钢铁工人"，考虑选择动词work，由空前的冠词a推断此处填名词形式worker，意为"工人"，故答案为 worker。
4．thanks 考查名词。根据语境"当他得到谢谢时，他总是说"，考虑选择名词thank，意为"感谢"，此处填的是复数形式，故答案为 thanks。
5．to give 考查动词。根据语境"应该有人站出来给予帮助"，考虑选择动词 give，构成短语give sb． a hand，意为"帮助某人"，因此处属于动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为 to give。
6．has been 考查动词。根据语境"3月5日自1963年以来就成为学雷锋日"，考虑选择be动词，由since 1963推断此处填现在完成时形式，故答案为 has been。
7．deep 考查形容词。根据语境"现在，"活雷锋"这个词已经成为任何勇敢的人，任何为国家奋斗的人的代名词"，考虑选择形容词deep，意为"深深的"，故答案为 deep。
8．or 考查连词。根据语境"努力工作的人，或总是乐于助人的人"，考虑选择词or，意为"或者"，故答案为 or。
9．our 考查代词。根据语境"雷锋的精神将活在我们心中"，考虑选择代词our，意为"我们的"，故答案为 our。
10．whole 考查形容词。根据语境"雷锋精神将永远被全民族铭记"，考虑选择词whole，意为"整个的"，故答案为 whole。
Passage 5（2019 •新疆维吾尔自治区新疆生产建设兵团）
根据短文内容，用方框中的单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整与正确。
weight hungry was test eat see well going carefully all
Will it matter if you don’t take your breakfast? A short time ago, a test 86 given in some places. People of different ages from 12 to 83 were asked to have a 87 . During the test, these people were given 88 kinds of breakfast, and some got no breakfast at all. Scientists wanted to 89 how well their bodies worked when they had different kinds of breakfasts. The results show that if a person 90 a right breakfast, he or she will work 91 than if he or she has no breakfast. If a student has fruit, egg, bread and milk before 92 to school, he will learn more quickly and listen more 93 in class. The result is opposite to what some people think. Having no breakfast will not help you lose weight. This is because people become so 94 at noon that they eat too much for lunch. They will gain weight instead of losing 95 .
【答案与解析】
86. was 句意：不久之前，在美国做了一项测试。 A test 和谓语是被动关系，时间状语是 A short time ago，所以是一般过去式的被动语态。
87. test 句意：从 12 到 83 不同年龄的人都被要求做测试。have a test 做测试。
88. all 句意：句意：测试期间，给这些人各种早饭。 all kinds of 各种各样的。
89. see 句意：科学家们想看看他们吃不同种类的早餐时身体状况如何。want to do sth.根据句意可知，这里选 see。
90. eats 句意：结果显示，如果一个人吃正确的早餐，他或她将工作比没有吃早餐的人好。根据句意可知，又因为主语是单数，所以这里填 eats。
91. better 如果一个人吃正确的早餐，他或她将工作比没有吃早餐的人好。由 than可知，这里填比较级，又根据句意，这里填 better。
92. going 如果一个学生上学前吃了水果、鸡蛋，他会学得更快，听得更认真。 由句意可知，还因 before 是介词，所以填 going。
93. carefully 句意：如果一个学生上学前吃了水果、鸡蛋、，他会学得更快，听得更认真。Listen 是动词，副词修饰动词，所以填 carefully。
94. hungry 句意：这是因为人们中午太饿了以至于会吃更多的午饭。So +adj.+that+句子 如此……以至于……，由句意可知这里选 hungry。
95. weight 句意：人们体重只会增加，不会减少。 由句意可知，lose weight，减肥。
Passage 6（2019 •山东德州市）
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时透行词形变化，填入空白处，每空一词．
many， two， it， zoo， because， what， only， China， besides， national， history
With its black-white coat, the animal is one of the most precious（珍贵的）animals in the world. It is native to China, proudly called the" ___26___treasure".___27___name is Panda. The name of "Panda" now refers to（指的是） the giant panda.
In China，___28___the Great Wall and the Terracotta Army, the giant panda also attracts the world﹣ wide tourists.
As the most famous animal of ___29___the giant panda appears in the logo（ 标志） of the World Wildlife Fund for Nature（WWF）. It also has___30___chances than other animals to be the mascot （吉祥物）of international games held in China. And it shows up as an actor on the big screen, such as Kung FuPanda.
The giant panda is regarded as the symbol of peace. In Japanese ___31___records. the Tang Dynasty sent a couple of bears and seventy pieces of fur as national gifts to Japan. The" ___32___bears" were giant pandas.
One female panda usually has ___33___one baby, and it is not easy for wild pandas to have twins anyway. If you want to see them, you'd better go to Chengdu. Why？___34___the main breeding（繁育）centers were built around this area, Certainly some city___35___also have giant pandas, such as Beijing Zoo. Chongqing Zoo, etc.
The giant pandas are so lovely creatures（生物）. More and more people become fans of them.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】短文介绍了中国的国宝大熊猫。像长城和兵马俑一样，大熊猫也吸引了全世界的游客前来参观。熊猫被认为是和平的象征，也成为了在中国举行的国际赛事的吉祥物，如2008年北京奥运会吉祥物。大熊猫是世界野生动物基金会（WWF）的标志中最著名的动物。越来越多的人成为它们的粉丝。
26. national 句意：它原产于中国，被誉为“国宝”。考查形容词，treasure为名词，前用形容词修饰，结合语境，它是中国本土的，被骄傲地称为"国宝"，故答案为national“国家的”。
27. Its 句意：它 名字叫熊猫。考查形容词性物主代词，name前用形容词物主代词，表示“……的”，前文中提及的the animal 动物，因此本句句意为它的名字是熊猫。故答案为Its。
28. besides 句意：在中国，除了长城和兵马俑，大熊猫也吸引了世界各地的游客。考查介词，结合语境，此处是表达“除了……，还有”，故答案为besides。
29. China 句意：作为中国最著名的动物，大熊猫出现在世界自然基金会（WWF）的标志中。考查名词，of后用名词，表示“……的”，大熊猫是中国的国宝，故答案为China。
30. more 句意：在中国举行的国际运动会上，成为吉祥物的可能性也比其他动物都大。考查形容词的比较级，根据than判断要用比较级形式，结合上句，As the most famous animal of China the giant panda appears in the logo（ 标志） of the World Wildlife Fund for Nature（WWF）. 作为中国最著名的动物，大熊猫出现在世界自然基金会的标志里。判断本句句意为“它也比其他动物有更多的机会成为中国国际比赛的吉祥物”。故答案为more。
31. history 句意：在日本历史记载中，唐朝送给日本一对熊和七十张毛皮作为国礼。考查名词，结合语境，“唐朝时期中国送给日本一对熊和70张皮毛作为礼物”，一定是出现在历史记载中，故答案为history。
32. two 句意：这两只熊就是大熊猫。考查基数词，根据上文“the Tang Dynasty sent a couple of bears and seventy pieces of fur as national gifts to Japan.”唐朝时期中国送给日本一对熊和70张皮毛作为礼物。a couple of一对，即两个，故答案为two。
33. only 句意：一只雌性熊猫通常只生一个宝宝。考查副词，根据后面句子“and it is not easy for wild pandas to have twins anyway.”而且野生熊猫很难有双胞胎。因此一只雌性熊猫通常只生一个宝宝。故答案为only。
34. Because 句意：因为主要的养殖中心都建在这一带。考查连词，结合上文Why？为什么，常用because后跟一个句子来回答，表示原因。故答案为Because。
35. zoos 句意：当然，一些城市动物园也有大熊猫，如北京动物园、重庆动物园等。考查可数名词复数，根据下句such as Beijing Zoo比如北京动物园，zoo为可数名词，在这里 复数，故答案为zoos。
Passage 7（2019 •山东德州市）
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化（可添加助动词或者情态动词），填入空白处．
attend， return， set， wake， know， educate， eat， sleep， not do， study， ask
Parents are the first teachers of their children. Many people in Beijing return to school only because they have become parents.
Ding Rong, a teacher from the Fourth Middle School of Beijing, said. "Many parents either love their children too much or behave badly to them. They___36___little about home education and thus make mistakes, Because of this situation, parents' schools are badly needed.
"I ___37___to school next month， and it will help me treat my children in a better way, "said Xiao Cheng jun , a 40﹣year﹣old woman worker. "I decided to do it when I___38___the question. Do you really know your child?
One pupil complained in a composition that his father always left so much smoke in the living room that he___39___his homework there． Another wrote that his father often played mahjong（打麻将） at night while he___40___The noise always___41___him up.
"It's the father's fault not to educate his son himself, "is an old saying.” But it is also the father's fault if he ___42___his son a bad example, " said Zhen Yan.
A parent said, I___43___in the parents' school for one year. After___44___the school, I know more about my child and she also understands me more."
Do you think your parents know how___45___you properly? Do you want them to enter parents’ schools?
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】父母是孩子的第一位老师，家庭教育非常重要。本文介绍了为了更好的了解并教育他们的孩子，现在许多家长去家长学校学习。
36. know 句意：他们对家庭教育知之甚少，因而犯了错误。结合语境可知此处表示“他们对家庭教育了解甚少”，know“了解”，动词，描述一般现状用一般现在时，主语they是第三人称复数，谓语动词用原形，故答案填know。
37. will return 句意：我下个月就要回学校了，这将有助于我更好地对待我的孩子。return to school返回学校，根据next month可知时态是一般将来时，故答案填will return。
38. was asked 句意：当我被问到这个问题时，我决定这么做。ask “问”，动词，主语与ask之间是被动关系，句子使用被动语态，结合decided可知时态是一般过去时，主语是第一人称单数，be动词用was，故答案填was asked。
39. couldn't do 句意：一个学生在一篇作文中抱怨说，他的父亲总是在客厅里留着那么多烟雾，以致他不能在那里做家庭作业。结合“客厅里有太多烟雾”可知此处表示“他没法在那里做作业”；not do 不能做，其中not是否定副词，do是动词原形，表示"做"；can 能够，情态动词，时态是一般过去时，此处使用could，它的否定形式是couldn't，后面接动词原形do，故答案填couldn't do。
40. was sleeping 句意：另一个人写道，他父亲经常在晚上睡觉的时候打麻将，这声音总是把他吵醒。sleep 睡觉，动词；这是while引导的时间状语从句，表示主从句动作同时发生，主句是一般过去时，从句用过去进行时，主语he是第三人称单数，助动词用was，故答案填was sleeping。
41. woke 句意：另一人写道，他父亲经常在晚上睡觉的时候打麻将，这声音总是把他吵醒。wake 醒，动词；up 吵醒某人，此处时态是一般过去时，使用它的过去式，故答案填woke。
42. sets 句意：但如果他给儿子树立了一个坏榜样，那也是父亲的错。结合语境可知此处表示“但如果他爸爸给他建立不好的榜样，这也是他爸爸的错”，set 建立，动词；根据it is可知if引导的从句时态为一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故答案填sets。
43. have studied 句意：我在家长学校里学习了一年。此句缺少谓语动词，study 学习，动词，根据for one year可知时态是现在完成时，主语I是第一人称单数，使用have + studied即可，故答案填have studied。
44. attending 句意：上学后，我对我的孩子了解得更多，她也更了解我。根据“我更加了解我的孩子，她也更理解我了”可知此处表示“我入学后”；attend“进入，参加”，动词，介词after后接动词的动名词形式attending，故答案填attending。
45. to educate 句意：你认为你的父母知道如何正确地教育你吗？根据“你想让他们加入家长学校吗？”可知此处表示“你觉得你父母知道如何正确地教育你吗?”educate“教育”，动词；此处是“疑问词+不定式”作宾语，故答案填to educate。
Passage 8（2019 •四川省眉山市）
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填入短文空格中，使短文意思正确、通顺，每词限用一次。
success pay teach since in customer draw she real two
Everyone has a dream. Catherine’s is to own a bakery(蛋糕店).
The 14-year-old American girl became fond(喜爱) of baking and decorating(装饰) cakes when her mother first ___51___ her how to do it. Her parents found that she is talented ___52___ making cakes. She made her first cake for her sister’s birthday. “I had never ___53___ done anything like it before,” she said. “It was pretty good and I actually realized how much I liked cake decorating.” After making her sister’s birthday cake, Catherine tried making the ___54___ one for herself.
Catherine had thought about starting ___55___ own business years ago but she didn’t start receiving orders until she put pictures of her cake designs on Facebook.
A few hours later, somebody saw Catherine’s cake designs and called to order a cake for $15. That was her first ___56___ cake. It proved to be a ___57___ experience.
Realizing the public’s interest in Catherine’s designs, her family decided to create a business for her. She has made about 35 cakes ___58___ she started, including birthday cakes and wedding cakes. And she made her cakes without ___59___ sketch(草稿) first.
Catherine’s ____60____ were surprised that she could create such impressive(印象深刻的) designs at such a young age.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述凯瑟琳从小有一个梦想，即拥有一个自己的蛋糕店。在她14岁时，当她的妈妈第一次教她做蛋糕时，她就喜欢上了这个，并且很有天赋。后来她如愿以偿地拥有了自己的蛋糕店。
51. taught 句意“当她的妈妈第一次教她如何制作蛋糕时，这个14岁的美国女孩就喜欢上了烘焙和制作蛋糕”。根据句意可知，表示“妈妈第一次教她做蛋糕”，且根据全文可知，用一般过去时，故填taught。
52. in 句意“她的父母发现她在制作蛋糕方面有天赋”。根据be talented in“在某方面有天赋”可知，故填in。
53. really 句意“我以前真地从未做过这种事情”。空处修饰动词done，用副词，根据It was pretty good and I actually realized how much I liked cake decorating可知，表示“真地”，really真地，故填really。
54. second 句意“在为她妹妹做完生日蛋糕后，凯瑟琳尝试着为她自己做第二块蛋糕”。根据She made her first cake for her sister’s birthday可知，她为她的妹妹做第一块蛋糕，然后又为自己做第二块蛋糕，second第二，故填second。
55. her 句意“凯瑟琳几年前就想过开始她自己的商业”。根据句意可知，译为“她自己”。one’s own某人自己，且主语为Catherine，用her，故填her。
56. paid 句意“那是她第一个付钱的蛋糕”。根据句意可知，译为“付钱的”，根据空后cake可知，用形容词。paid支付的，付清的，故填paid。
57. successful 句意“它被证明是一个成功的经历”。根据空后名词experience可知，空处用形容词，且根据Realizing the public’s interest in Catherine’s designs, her family decided to create a business for her可知，表示“成功的”，successful成功的，故填successful。
58. since 句意“自从她开始做蛋糕，现在已经做了35个蛋糕了，包括生日蛋糕和婚礼蛋糕”。根据has made“现在完成时”可知，用since+时间点，故填since。
59. drawing 句意“并且她做蛋糕时，一开始不用画草稿”。根据句意可知，译为“画草稿”，且根据空前介词without可知，用doing，故填drawing。
60. customers 句意“凯瑟琳的顾客都很吃惊，在如此小的年龄就能创造出如此令人印象深刻的设计”。根据句意可知，本句话是顾客对她的评价。customer顾客，且根据空后were可知，用复数，故填customers。
2019年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题19 短文填空
考点2选词填空
Passage 1（2019 •广西北部湾经济区）
根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，并将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次，每空一词。
try back killed government best
much danger millions from cause
As you may know, coral(珊瑚) Is not a plant, but an animal. However, coral reefs(珊瑚礁)around the world are in ___56___. Here is a piece of bad news. Thailand will close one of its beaches to protect its coral ___57___ business activities for tourists. The beach is so famous that ___58___of tourists put it on their wish lists. More than 5,000 visitors visit it a day. They arrive by boat. This does ___59___harm to the coral reefs. Most of the coral has died. The beach will be closed between June and September to let the coral come ___60___to life.
Experts(专家)say that 80% of Thailand's coral reefs have been___61___Too many tourists___62___ a lot of pollution to these beaches. An expert said the biggest problems were hotels by the beaches, boats, and plastic waste in the sea. He believed the___63___choice was to close the beaches forever. He said, "I hope the___64___can take steps to protect the coral reefs. At the same time, I also hope all of us should ___65___our best to protect the environment around us.”
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】世界各地的珊瑚礁都处于危险之中，泰国有一个非常有名的海滩，为了保护其珊瑚免受游客商业活动的影响，该海滩将在6月至9月期间关闭。专家表示，泰国80%的珊瑚礁已经死亡。太多的游客给这些海滩造成了很多污染。一位专家认为最好的选择是永远关闭海滩。他说:“我希望政府能够采取措施保护珊瑚礁。同时，我也希望我们所有人都应该尽力保护我们周围的环境。”
56. danger 考查名词。根据下文Here is a piece of bad news. 这里有一个坏消息。可推知此处句意是世界各地的珊瑚礁都处于危险之中。in danger“处于危险中”，固定词组，故答案填danger。
57. from 考查介词。根据Thailand will close one of its beaches to protect its coral ___2___ business activities for tourists.可知，句意为泰国将关闭其中一个海滩，以保护其珊瑚免受游客商业活动的影响。protect...from是表示保护……不受伤害，故答案填from。
58. millions 考查数词。根据上文The beach is so famous，可知海滩太有名了，所以成千上万的游客把它列入他们愿望的清单上，millions of成千上万的，故答案填millions。
59. much 考查副词。根据下文Most of the coral has died.大部分珊瑚都死了，可知这对珊瑚礁有很大的危害，much harm“很大的危害”，much很、非常，副词，修饰后面的动词harm；故答案填much。
60. back 考查副词。联系上文语境，根据The beach will be closed between June and September，可知海滩将在6月至9月期间关闭，是为了让珊瑚复活，come back回复，故答案填back。
61. killed 考查动词。根据下文a lot of pollution to these beaches.海滩污染严重，可知应是泰国的珊瑚礁已经被杀死，“杀死”kill，由have been可知这里用的是现在完成时的被动语态，表示“被杀死”，kill的过去分词是killed，故答案填killed。
62. cause 考查动词。根据Too many tourists___7___ a lot of pollution to these beaches.可知应是太多的游客给这些海滩造成了很多污染。cause使发生、造成、引起不好的事情，句子陈述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语tourists为 复数，所以这里用动词原形，故答案填cause。
63. best 考查形容词最高级。根据He believed the___8___choice was to close the beaches forever.可知设空处修饰后面的名词choice，所以此处应填入一个形容词形式，结合所剩余的备选词汇，可知best最好的，符合题意，句意是他认为最好的选择是永远关闭海滩；故答案填best。
64. government 考查名词。根据take steps to protect the coral reefs.结合备选词汇，可知是希望政府能够采取措施保护珊瑚礁，government政府，名词，在句中作主语，故答案填government。
65. try 考查动词。根据I also hope all of us should ___10___our best to protect the environment around us.可知句意是我也希望我们所有人都应该尽力保护我们周围的环境；try one’s best to do sth.尽力做某事，固定搭配；should是情态动词，后接动词原形，故答案填try。
Passage 2（2019 •广元）
阅读短文，再从方框内选择恰当的单词，并用其适当的形式填空。请将正确答案填写在答题卡上的相应位置。
share harm sad in
In recent years, many people think happiness is the most important thing, but facing ____76____ bravely may be more helpful. Some researchers in the University of Melbourne say that society is trying to avoid unhappy things. It will be____77____ to people’s health. One researcher says happy people may not be happy in their mind. These people hide unhappy things ___78___ their hearts. After a long time, this mood will be bad for mental and physical heath.
How do we keep really happy? We should keep humorous, have lots of hobbies, be kind and ___79___ our fun with others more. If we are sad, we should tell others or cry loud. If we are happy, we should be really happy.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文是说明文。最近的研究表明，一直不愉快会使我们的身体健康出问题。总是把不高兴藏在心里对精神和身体有害。我们应该保持幽默，和他人分享乐趣。
76. sadness 句意：……但是，勇敢面对悲伤可能更加有帮助。和前面的happiness（幸福）相对的是悲伤，故填名词sadness。
77. harmful 句意：不愉快会有害健康。上一句提到整个社会都在尽力避免不愉快的事情，可知感到不幸对健康有害。短语“be harmful to”（对……有害）在句中作表语用形容词，故填harmful。
78. in 句意：这些人把不愉快的事情藏在心灵深处。名词heart前面用介词in，意为“在……里面”，故填in。
79. share 句意：我们应该保持幽默、拥有许多业余爱好、善良，并和他人分享更多乐趣。短语“share sth. with sb.”意为“和某人分享”，情态动词should后用动词原形，故填share。
Passage 3（2019 •广西河池市）
阅读下面短文，从方框中选择单词，根据实际情况用其适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、通顺。每空一词，每词只能用一次。
the seem thing but good
The best way of learning English is using English as much as possible. Sometimes you will get your words mixed up(迷惑的) and people won’t understand. Sometimes people will say___56___ too quickly and you can’t understand them. ___57___ if you keep your sense of humor, you can always have a good laugh at the mistakes you make.
Don’t be unhappy if the people____58____ to laugh at your mistakes.It’s much_____59_____ for people to laugh at your mistakes than to be angry because they don’t know what you are saying. ___60___most important rule for learning English is “Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. Everyone makes mistakes.”
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】学习语言的最好方式就是尽可能多地使用它，但在使用英语的过程中，我们可能总是犯错，但文章的作者告诉我们，不要害怕犯错，每个人都会犯错。
56. things 句意：有时候人们说话太快，你听不懂。空前是say，谓语动词，该空应填的是它的宾语，结合句意可知，应选择名词thing，意为“事情，东西，事物”，这里应用复数形式，故填things。
57. But 句意：但是如果你保持你的幽默感，你总是可以对你所犯的错误开怀大笑。上句话说... and you can’t understand them，而这句话说…you can always have a good laugh at the mistakes you make，前后为转折关系，故这里填连词But，意为“但是”。
58. seem 句意：如果人们好像嘲笑你的错误，不要不开心。根据句意和空后to laugh at your mistakes可知，这里考查动词seem，“似乎，好像”，后面常跟动词不定式。主语people是集合名词，谓语动词用原形。故填seem。
59. better 句意：人们嘲笑你的错误比生气要好很多，因为他们不知道你在说什么。根据句意和句中的…than to be angry可知，这里表示比较，good是形容词原级，这里应填比较级better，“更好的”。
60. The 句意：学习英语最重要的原则是“不要害怕犯错，每个人都会犯错。”空后most important是形容词的最高级，前面应加定冠词the。故这里填The。
【点睛】
这篇短文中作者给我们分享了学习英语的方法。短文主题明确，内容贴近学生们的实际生活，比较容易理解。题型是选择适当的单词补充短文，考查单词在具体语境中的使用。做题时，应先浏览所给单词，弄清楚他们的意思、词性，做到心中有数；然后阅读短文，了解文章大意；接下来仔细斟酌空格所在的句子，从句意、句子的结构上考虑，选择适当的单词，并注意该单词的正确形式。例如第2小题，上句话说...and you can't understand them，而这句话说...you can always have a good laugh at the mistakes you make，前后为转折关系，故这里填连词But，意为“但是”。再如第5小题，空后most important是形容词的最高级，前面应加定冠词the。故这里填The。
Passage 4（2019 •河南）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。 每空限填一词，每词限用一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。
The summer holiday was coming but Zach was a little sad. He would have to move___46___ the holiday, leaving his friends and his tree house. The tree house was Zach’s favorite place to go to when he wanted to be alone. He also liked ___47___ his friends there. They would play for ___48___ .
Zach told his mom, “I don’t want to move. I’m going to miss my friends. I’m also going to miss my tree house. I want to take it with me.” “Zach，but we have to___49___ your father’s changed his job. He is already ___50___ waiting for us. You will have a much ___51___ bedroom, and you will meet new friends at your new school,” ___52___his mom. Zach wasn’t so sure.
When Zach and his mom arrived, Dad took Zach to the backyard. There, Zach saw a big tree house. “Wow!” Zach shouted. “This is great!” All of a sudden, Zach heard a ___53___ voice. “Are you moving in? My name is Joey and I live next ___54___ Can I have a look at your tree house?”
“I think I’m going to ___55___ it here after all!” Zach told his mom and dad that night.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】该阅读材料是一篇记叙文，本文向同学们介绍了一名小学生Zach因暑假搬迁而引出的故事。
46. during 句意：假期中他不得不搬家，离开他的朋友和他的树屋。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：during。在……期间：during。during the holiday：假期中。所以答案为：during。
47. taking 句意：他也喜欢带朋友去那里。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：take。根据题目要求，每空限填一词。故like后只能用动词的-ing形式。又根据语境：他也喜欢带朋友来这里。故答案为：taking。
48. hours 句意：他们会玩几个小时。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：hour。for后接时间段。因此hour要用复数形式。故答案为：hours。
49. because 句意：Zach，但我们不得不搬迁，因为你父亲换了工作。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：because。结合语境：但是我们不得不搬迁_____ 你的父亲换了工作。空缺处前后两句属因果关系，故用because。
50. there 句意：他已经在那儿等我们了。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：there。此处应填表示地点的词。语境：他已经在那里等着我们了。所以答案为：there。
51. bigger 句意：你会有一个很大的卧室，你会在新学校结识新朋友。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：big。much后接形容词的比较级，故用big的比较级bigger，“一个更大的房间”。故答案为：bigger。
52. promised 句意：妈妈许诺说。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：promise。根据上文可知，Zach的母亲许诺了许多事情，且事情发生在过去，故用promise的过去式promised。所以答案为：promised。
53. boy’s 句意：突然，Zach听到一个男孩的声音。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：boy。voice是名词，因此前面的名词应该用名词所有格形式，而且由冠词a可知，该名词所有格应该为单数。故答案为：boy’s。
54. door 句意：我叫乔伊，住在隔壁。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：door。固定搭配next door意为“隔壁”。所以填：door。
55. like 句意：我想我终究会喜欢上这里的。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：like。语境是：我想我终究会喜欢上这里的。故用like符合题意。be going to后跟动词原形。故答案为：like。
【点睛】
选词填空题是初中英语的一个重要题型，它集词的用法与搭配、词语辨析、语法、单句理解等考查于一体，既考查了考生的语言知识水平，又检测了考生的分析判断能力和综合运用语言知识的实践能力。
1. 在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性做简单的标记，例如：名词、动词、形容词、副词等等，同时对词义作初步的理解。
2. 仔细阅读句子，充分理解句子的意思，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。
3. 在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。当你选定一个名词时，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词；在遇到动词时，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化(动词不定式-to do，现在分词-doing，过去分词-done，固定搭配enjoy doing sth./ used to do sth./ have sth. done…)；形容词和副词填空时要主动去判定是否需要变成比较级或高级，还有它们之间的相互转换以及形容词变名词也需考虑，例如：more interesting/the most interesting，happy-happily/happiness；填入代词时，需注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法；数词方面要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数的用法。
Passage 5（2019 •湖北省黄石市）
从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每空只填一词（有两词多余）
after as before centre common complete
connect express history lively these this
Each different part of China has its own special forms of traditional art.
Chinese paper cutting, or jianzhi, is a kind of folk art. It's a way to_____46_____people's hope and feelings. It has a_____47_____of more than l,500 years. Paper cutting sounds very easy but it can be difficult. Red paper is usually used as red is____48____with happiness in Chinese culture. The most_____49_____pictures are flowers, animals, xi（喜） and fu（福）. They are put on windows, doors, and walls_____50_____symbols of wishes for good luck.
Chinese clay art is well known and popular all over the country. Now many kids learn to make it in schools or even shopping______51______. To make Chinese clay art, the clay is shaped by hand into things, such as cute children or ____52____characters from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story._____53_____the things get dry in the air, they are fired at a very high heat and then polished and painted.It takes several weeks to ____54____everything. Although they look so small, they look very real. ____55____small pieces of clay art show the love that all Chinese people have for life and beauty.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中 ，主要讲述中国的两个特别的艺术形式—剪纸和泥塑。
46. express 句意“中国的剪纸是一种民间艺术，是表达人们希望和感觉的一种方法”。根据文意可知，译为“表达”。express表达，且根据空前a way to可知，用动词原形，故填express。
47. history 句意“它有超过1500年 历史”。根据句意可知，译为“历史”，a history of……的历史，故填history。
48. connected 句意“红纸经常被使用，因为在中国的文化中，红与开心有联系”。connect关联，且根据be connected with“与……有关联”可知，故填connected。
49. common 句意“最普遍的图片是花、动物、喜字和福字”。根据句意可知，译为“最普遍的图画”。common普遍的，故填common。
50. as 句意“他们作为好运的象征被贴在窗户上、门上和墙上”。根据句意可知，译为“作为好运的象征”。as作为，故填as。
51. centres 句意“现在许多孩子在学校甚至购物中心学习制作他们”。根据句意可知，译为“购物中心”。centre中心，且根据空前schools可知，用复数，故填centres。
52. lively 句意“为了做中国泥塑，泥塑用手工做成一些东西，例如来自于中国童话故事以及历史故事中可爱的小孩或者是生动的角色”。根据空后characters可知，空处用形容词，且译为“生动的”，lively生动的，故填lively。
53. After 句意“当这些东西在空气中变干后，他们被以很高的温度烧制然后磨光和喷漆”。根据句意可知，先在空气中变干，然后高温烧制、磨光和喷漆，after在……之后，且空位于句首，故填After。
54. complete 句意“完成每一个东西要花费几个星期”。根据句意可知，译为“完成”，且根据空前to可知，用动词原形，complete完成。故填complete。
55. These 句意“这些小小的泥塑作品展示了所有中国人对生活和美的热爱”。根据Although they look so small, they look very real以及small pieces of clay art可知，表示“这些”。these这些，且空位于句首，故填These。
Passage 6（2019 •吉林）
从方框中选择正确选项,完成短文(方框中有两个选项是多余的。
A. hurt B. kind C. of D. whether E. stay F. back
G. what H. food I. before J. better K. eyes L. impolite
A few years ago, a little boy，not more than eight years old，went to the store himself.
While he was going___26___home,a dirty dog followed him. The dog was weak because it had a sore leg. After he found the dog was badly___27___，he let it follow him home.
The little boy's mother taught him to be___28___and friendly. However，when the little boy asked his mother___29___he would let the dog come into the house or not，she hesitated（犹豫）.“We have no room for it，"said she. The poor dog seemed to understand___30___she said. It looked so sad! The little boy almost cried when he saw the dog's big____31____looking up to him sadly.
His mother was actually kind，too. She did not drive the poor hungry dog away, but let it___32___in the yard. The little boy gave the dog some___33___，water and clean dry grass to lie on. They also made it clean.
After a few days the dog was___34___with the help of the boy and his mother. It began to show how happy and thankful it was.Because___35___their kindness, the dog finally found a home. It did what a dog could do to be a helpful family member.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述一个小男孩在回家的路上碰到一只受伤的可怜的小狗。他请求妈妈留下它，他的妈妈也很善良，最后让小狗待在院子里。小狗也渐渐康复起来，由于他们的善良，最后这只小狗找到了家，并做它能做的来感谢他们一家人。
26. F 句意“当他回家的时候，一只脏的小狗跟着他”。根据A few years ago,a little boy，not more than eight years old，went to the store himself“几年前，一个不超过8岁的小男孩去商店”可知，表示当他回家时，他发现一只小狗跟着他。go back home回家，故填F。
27. A 句意“他发现这个小狗受了严重的伤之后，他让它跟着他回家”，根据The dog was weak because it had a sore leg“这个狗很虚弱因为它有一只疼痛的腿”可知，它受了严重的伤。hurt受伤，故填A。
28. B 句意“这个小男孩的妈妈教育他要善良和友好”。根据句子可知，and并列空处与friendly，所以空处用形容词。kind善良的，故填B。
29. D 句意“然而，当这个小男孩问他的妈妈是否让这只狗进家时，她犹豫了”。根据空前asked以及后面的or not可知，译为“是否”，whether是否，故填D。
30. G 句意“这只可怜的小狗看起来理解了她说的话”。understand后接宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指物，用what，故填G。
31. K 句意“当他看到这只狗的大眼睛悲伤地看着他的时候，他几乎要哭了”。根据句意可知，表示“这只狗的大眼睛在看着他”，故填K。
32. E 句意“她没有赶走这只又可怜又饿的小狗离开，而是让它待在院子里”。根据句意可知，表示没有赶走它，而是让它待在院子里。stay待，根据let sb do可知，故填E。
33. H 句意“这个小男孩给了小狗一些食物、水和干净的干的草来躺在上面”。根据文章可知，这只可怜的小狗待在院子里，给它食物、水和干净的草。food食物，故填H。
34. J 句意“几天后，这只小狗在这个小男孩和妈妈的照顾下更加健康了”。根据根据The dog was weak because it had a sore leg“这个狗很虚弱因为它有一只疼痛的腿”可知以前很虚弱而且腿受伤了，而现在好了，故填J。
35. C 句意“由于他们的善良，最后这只小狗找到了家”。根据空后their kindness“他们的善良”可知，用because of“由于”，故填C。
Passage 7（2019 •泰安市）
根据短文内容，用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，使文章通顺完整。（每词限用一次）
he, kill, scared, silly, lie, courage, hear, against, fight, strong

One sunny afternoon, a young deer and an old deer were ___36___ under a tree in the forest. Suddenly, in the distance, they ___37___ some sounds of dogs' barking.
The old deer stood up quickly. He felt nervous and ___38___. He said to the young deer, "Be quick! It's time to find a place to hide in. The barking dogs are fierce(凶猛的) and they will ___39___ us. "
The young deer laughed and said, "Why should we hide from the dogs? We are bigger and ___40___than them. We can toss（扔）them aside with our big antlers(角). We should fight with them bravely. "
The old deer admired the ___41___of the young deer, but he did not believe the young. "We'd better run away now." said the old deer.
The young deer refused to run away. He decided to fight___42___ the dogs. As the dogs ran to ___43___ , he put down his antlers and wanted to toss them aside, But he didn't win the ___44___ because there were too many dogs. He was killed by the dogs in the end.
The young deer lost his life because he didn't know his strength and weakness. We can learn a lesson from the story. Don't be like the ___45___ young deer when we are in danger. We should know our strength and weakness.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述一个老鹿和一个年轻的鹿在树下躺着，突然他们听到狗叫声。老鹿建议找个地方躲起来，而年轻的鹿认为自己很强大，可以和狗打一架。但是打架时鹿失败了，因为他们是一群狗。通过这个故事告诉我们一个道理：我们要知道我们的优势和劣势。
36. lying 句意“一个阳光明媚的下午，一只年轻的鹿和一只老鹿躺在树林的树下”。根据The old deer stood up quickly“这个老鹿迅速地站起来”可知，他们是“躺在树下”。且根据空前were可知，用过去进行时，故填lying。
37. heard 句意“突然他们听到远处有一些狗的叫声”。根据some sounds of dogs' barking“一些狗的叫声”可知，表示“听到”。hear听到。且根据文章可知，用一般过去时，故填heard。
38. scared 句意“他感到很害怕”。根据空前nervous and可知，空处用形容词。根据Be quick! It's time to find a place to hide in. The barking dogs are fierce(凶猛的) and they will ___4___ us“快点！是时候找个地方躲起来了，狂叫的狗是凶猛的，他们将会杀死我们”可知，老鹿是害怕的。scared害怕的，故填scared。
39. kill 句意“狂叫的狗是凶猛的，他们将会杀死我们”。根据文意可知，老鹿建议找个地方躲起来，因为狂叫的狗会杀死我们。kill杀死，且根据空前will可知，用原形，故填kill。
40. stronger 句意“我们比他们大又比他们壮”。根据空前bigger and以及than可知，用比较级，根据文意可知，年轻的鹿不惧怕狗，所以表示“比他们大又比他们壮”。故填stronger。
41. courage 句意“这个老鹿钦佩这个年轻的鹿的勇气”。根据We can toss（扔）them aside with our big antlers(角). We should fight with them bravely“我们可以用我们的大角将他们扔掉，我们应该勇敢地和他们打一架”可知，老鹿要找个地方躲起来，而年轻的鹿要和狗打一架。所以老鹿钦佩年轻的鹿的勇气。根据空前the以及空后of可知，用名词。courage勇气，故填courage。
42. against 句意“他决定和狗打一架”。根据We can toss（扔）them aside with our big antlers(角). We should fight with them bravely“我们可以用我们的大角将他们扔掉，我们应该勇敢地和他们打一架”可知，表示打一架。fight against与……打架，故填against。
43. him 句意“当狗跑向他时，他放下鹿角想要将他们扔到一边”。根据He decided to fight___7___ the dogs“他打算和狗干一架”可知，空处指代年轻的鹿。且空处用宾格，故填him。
44. fight 句意“但是他没有赢得这个战斗因为有太多的狗”。根据We can toss（扔）them aside with our big antlers(角). We should fight with them bravely“我们可以用我们的大角将他们扔掉，我们应该勇敢地和他们打一架”可知，年轻的鹿和狗打了一架，但是没有赢得战斗。fight战斗，用单数，故填fight。
45. silly 句意“当我们陷入危险时，不要学这个傻鹿”。根据The young deer lost his life because he didn't know his strength and weakness“这个年轻的鹿因为不知道他的强处和弱处最后失去了生命”可知，不要向这只傻鹿学习。空处修饰名词deer，用形容词，故填silly。
Passage 8（2019 •山东省威海市）
根据短文内容, 选择适当的单词或短语填空, 使短文意思完整。每个选项仅使用一次。
A. Although B. Noiselessly C. As a result D. Sometimes
E. prefer to stay F. keep away from G. become silent, watchful and suspicious
H. As soon as I. will never see J. However
There are wild elephants in Malaysia, Thailand and several other countries but most people
___48___them. Elephants dislike the hot sun. They ___49___ in the cool shelter of the jungle, coming out at night to feed on the vegetation on the fringe of the jungle.
___50___they are big animals, elephants can move silently when necessary. When there are no hunters（猎人）near them, elephants often make a lot of noise. They tear up young bamboo shoots and eat noisily. But as soon as hunters appear, the elephants ___51___. A big bull elephant stretches out（伸展）his sensitive trunk and moves it round slowly, searching for the scent of his enemy. His large ears protrude from the side of his head and he listens for the slightest sound. ___52___he detects（察觉）any danger, the bull taps on the ground with his trunk. Tonk! Tonk! This is the danger signal（信号）.___53___the elephants disappear into the protection of the jungle.
___54___an elephant will attack（攻击）human beings, particularly if it is defending（保护）its young or it has been wounded. An angry elephant can trample an enemy to death or pick him up with his trunk and smash his hated enemy on the ground. Sometimes hungry elephants damage
（毁坏）crops but usually they ___55___ human beings. In recent years, poachers have killed huge numbers of elephants in Africa to get their ivory tusks.___56___ , many countries have banned（禁止）trade in objects made of ivory.___57___, elephants are still in danger of disappearing completely from many countries where they have lived peacefully for thousands of years.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述野生大象的生活习性、遇到危险的反应以及如今野生大象变得越来越少，我们应该保护他们。如今大象在许多地方都能够很安全地生活着，但是仍然有完全消失的危险。
48. I 句意“在马来西亚、泰国以及一些其他的国家有野生大象，但是大部分人仍然看不到他们”。根据句意可知，表示马来西亚、泰国和其他的国家有许多的大象，but表示转折，表示“我们看不到他们”，故选I。
49. E 句意“他们更喜欢待在丛林中凉爽的遮盖物里”。根据Elephants dislike the hot sun可知，大象不喜欢热的太阳，所以他们更喜欢待在凉爽的这个物里，故选E。
50. A 句意“尽管大象是大的动物，但是他们在必要时能够安静地移动”。根据句意可知，大象大，本应该发出很大的声音，但是他们在必要时也会安静地移动，表示让步，although尽管，故选A。
51. G 句意“但是猎人一出现，大象就变得安静的、警惕的和多疑的”。根据They tear up young bamboo shoots and eat noisily可知，他们撕碎嫩竹笋并且大声地吃，一旦猎人出现，他们就安静了、变得警惕和多疑，故选G。
52. H 句意“公象一察觉到任何危险就用他的象鼻拍打地面”。根据句意可知，译为“一察觉到危险”，as soon as一……就，故选H。
53. B 句意“大象在丛林的保护下悄无声息地消失了”。根据全文可知，当遇到危险时，公象用鼻子敲打地面，然后大象悄无声息地离开。空位于句首，用副词，noiselessly悄无声息地，故选B。
54. D 句意“有时，一个大象会攻击人类，特别是当它正在保护他的孩子或者他受伤时”。根据Sometimes hungry elephants damage（毁坏）crops but usually they ___8___ human beings可知，大象通常都会远离人类，但是有时会攻击人类，所以空处译为“有时”，且空位于句首，开头字母要大写，故选D。
55. F 句意“有时饥饿的大象会毁坏庄稼，但是通常他们都远离人类”。根据句意可知，他们会破坏庄稼但是他们都是远离人类的。keep away from远离，故选F。
56. C 句意“因此，许多国家已经禁止交易象牙制品”。根据In recent years, poachers have killed huge numbers of elephants in Africa to get their ivory tusks可知，在非洲，偷猎者猎杀大量的大象来获得象牙，因此，许多国家禁止交易象牙制品。as a result因此，故选C。
57. J 句意“然而，大象在许多国家和平地生活了几千年，但它们仍有完全消失的危险”。根据many countries have banned（禁止）trade in objects made of ivory可知，许多国家通过禁止交易象牙制品来保护大象，然而他们仍有完全消失的危险。空前和空后表示转折，且根据空后的逗号可知，用however然而，故选J。
Passage 9（2019 •广西省贵港市）
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、完整．每词限用一次
possible play one win train
46．Ma Long is a member of Chinese table tennis team． April 28 was a big day for him． He（1）　 　 his third straight men's singles title（单打冠军） at the World Table Tennis Championships（锦标赛 in Budapest． He became the （2）　 　 man in over half a century．
Ma Long hurt his knee several months before the event． His doctor said it would be almost（3）　 　 for him to play again． However， Ma didn't give up． Even with his injury （伤病），Ma kept（4）　 　 every day． His coach Liu Guoliang gave him a lot of praise． "His mind and skills are unbelievable， "Liu said． He will be the greatest（5）　 　 in history"
【答案与解析】
（1）won考查动词，根据…his third straight men's singles title（单打冠军） at the World Table Tennis Championships，结合选项可知句意：他在世界乒乓球锦标赛上连续第三次获得男子单打冠军，根据句意可知用一般过去时，win赢得，过去式是won，故答案是won
（2）first考查序数词，根据He became the …man in over half a century，结合选项可知句意：他成为半个多世纪以来的第一人．one基数词，一，first 序数词，第一，故答案是first
（3）impossible考查形容词，根据Ma Long hurt his knee several months before the event，结合选项可知句意：他的医生说他几乎不可能再打球了．possible形容词，可能的，impossible形容词，不可能的，故答案是impossible
（4）training考查动名词，根据However， Ma didn't give up，结合选项可知句意：即使他受伤了，马龙每天都在训练．train 动词，训练， keep doing sth 坚持做某事，故答案是training
（5）player考查名词，根据 He will be the greatest，结合选项可知句意：他将是历史上最伟大的球员．player名词，运动员，故答案是player
Passage 10（2019 •广西河池市）
the seem thing but good
The best way of learning English is using English as much as possible． Sometimes you will get your words mixed up（迷惑的） and people won't understand． Sometimes people will say （1）　 　too quickly and you can't understand them． （2）　 　 if you keep your sense of humor， you can always have a good laugh at the mistakes you make．
Don't be unhappy if the people （3）　 　 to laugh at your mistakes． It's much （4）　 　for people to laugh at your mistakes than to be angry because they don't know what you are saying． （5）　 　most important rule for learning English is"Don't be afraid of making mistakes． Everyone makes mistakes．"
【答案与解析】
（1）things 考查名词．根据and you can't understand them而你无法理解他们，可知结合提示，应说有时候人们会说得很快，而你无法理解他们．不只一件事，要用复数，故答案为 things。
（2）But 考查连词．根据if you keep your sense of humor， you can always have a good laugh at the mistakes you make如果你保持幽默感，你总能对你犯的错误开怀大笑，可知结合提示，此处表示转折，应说但是如果你保持幽默感，你总能对你犯的错误开怀大笑，故答案为 But。
（3）seem 考查词组．根据laugh at your mistakes，可知结合提示，应说如果人们好像在嘲笑你的错误，不要不高兴，seem to似乎，好像，符合语境，故答案为seem。
（4）better 考查形容词．根据than to be angry because they don't know what you are saying比生气好得多，因为他们不知道你在说什么，可知结合提示，应说人们嘲笑你的错误比生气好得多，因为他们不知道你在说什么，此处出现than，用good的比较级better，故答案为better。
（5）The 考查冠词．根据most important rule for learning English is"Don't be afraid of making mistakes，可知结合提示，应说学习英语最重要的规则是"不要害怕犯错"，The most important最重要的，表示最高级，固定用冠词the，故答案为The。
Passage 11（2019 •广西柳州市）
根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词完成句子，并填写在答题卡对应的横线上。部分单词在填入前需进行词形转换，每个单词只能用一次，每空只能填一词。
visit usual die mean those
It's very important to know something about traditional presents. In the West, people often take flowers when they 81 others. Different flowers have different 82 . For example, people often give red roses to 83 who they love. In Greece, you must not give white flowers because white flowers are for the 84 . When you go to a foreign country, it is always best to check what people 85 do. If you remember this, you can avoid making a lot of mistakes.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文是介绍不同的国家的礼物的不同．
81．visit 考查动词，结合In the West，people often take flowers when they （1）others．表达的是当他们拜访他人的时候通常带上花，visit拜访，表达的是经常的情况故用一般现在时，主语they，故答案是visit．
82．meanings 考查名词．Different flowers have different 不同的花有不同的含义，meaning意义，结合flowers故用复数，故答案是meanings．
83．those 考查先行词．结合who they love是定语从句，前面用those作为先行词，故答案是those．
84．dead 考查名词．结合you must not give white flowers because white flowers are for the 因为白色的花是给死人的，故这里用dead，the dead表示死人，故答案是dead．
85．usually 考查副词．结合When you go to a foreign country，it is always best to check what people （5）do．当你去国外，最好弄清楚人们经常做什么，usually修饰动词do．故答案是usually．
Passage 12（2019 •海南省）
I shout kind coin think
An artist saw a beggar（ 乞丐）at the train station one day． He gave his last few （1）　 　to the beggar． Then he saw another one， and forgot that he had no money in his pockets．He asked the man（2）　 　 if he would like to have lunch with him． The beggar agreed without（3）　 　，So they had a good meal together．
In the end，he said to the beggar，"Come home with （4）　 　 in a taxi， my friend． And I'll give you the money back"．
"No way!" the beggar（5）　 　 at once．"I've paid for your lunch． I' m not going to pay for your taxi home!"
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】
（1）coins 考查名词．根据语境"他把最后几枚硬币给了乞丐"，考虑用名词coin，意为"硬币"，由空前的few推断此处填原形，故答案为 coins；
（2）kindly 考查副词．根据语境"他亲切地问那人是否愿意和他一起吃午饭"，考虑用副词kind，意为"和蔼的"，由空前的动词asked推断此处填副词形式，故答案为 kindly；
（3）thinking 考查动词．根据语境"乞丐没有考虑就同意了"，考虑用动词think，意为"思考"，由空前的介词without推断此处填﹣ing形式，故答案为 thinking；
（4）me 考查代词．根据语境"朋友，跟我坐出租车回家吧"，考虑用代词me，意为"我"，由空前的介词with推断此处填宾格形式，故答案为 me；
（5）shouted 考查动词．根据语境："没门！"乞丐立刻喊道，考虑用动词shout，意为"叫喊"，因本文为讲故事，推断此处填过去式形式，故答案为 shouted．
Passage 13（2019 •辽宁省本溪市）
根据短文内容，用方中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、正确．（每个词只能用一次，有两个多余词）
him； once； remember；love；still；nothing；
ask； through； pretty； baby；understand； on
One sunny day， an angle（天使） ran out of heaven（天堂） and came down to this world． He walked （1）　 　 the city and the village． Before his trip was over， he wanted to take something away to （2）　 　 his trip here．
He noticed a garden． He picked the most beautiful roses and said， "I see （3）　 　 more beautiful than these．"
Looking on a little further， he saw a bright﹣eyed baby． The baby was looking at its mother． He said， "Oh， the expression on its face is even （4）　 　 than the roses． I will take it．"
Then he saw the baby's mother． The mother was also looking at her baby． The （5）　 　 to her own baby was pouring out of the mother's eyes just like the water of a river． The angel said to（6）　 　， "Oh， that mother's love is the best thing I have seen． I will take it， too!"
He flew away with the three things． When he came back， he had a look at the three things（7）　 　more． He looked at the flowers and they had wilted（枯萎）．He looked at the（8）　 　 expression and it had disappeared． He looked at the mother's love and it was （9）　 　 there． Then he （10）　 　 the only thing that could keep its beauty all the way was a mother's love． I could last forever．
【答案与解析】
（1）through．考查介词；句意，他走路穿过城市和村庄，可知空缺处需要填入一个介词，表示"通过"，用through．故得此答案．
（2）remember．考查动词；句意，他想要带走什么去记住他在这儿的旅行．可知空缺处需要填入一个动词，表示"记住"，空缺处前的to后接动词原形，表示目的，所以用原形remember，故得此答案．
（3）nothing．考查代词；句意，我没有看到过比这些更美丽的了．可知空缺处需要填入一个代词，表示"无物"，用nothing．故得此答案．
（4）prettier．考查形容词；句意，它的脸上的表情比那些玫瑰更加漂亮．空缺前有be动词，空缺后有than，可知空缺处需要填入一个形容词的比较级，表示"更加漂亮的"，用prettier，故得此答案．
（5）love．考查名词；句意，妈妈眼中倾泻出来的对她的孩子的爱就像河流的水，可知空缺处需要填入一个名词，表示"爱"，用love，故得此答案．
（6）himself．考查反身代词；句意，天使对他自己说，可知空缺处需要填入一个反身代词，表示"他自己"，用himself，故得此答案．
（7）once．考查副词；句意，他再一次看了下三个事物，可知空缺处需要填入一个副词，构成once more 表示"再次"，用once，故得此答案．
（8）baby's．考查名词所有格；句意，可知空缺处需要填入一个名词所有格词，表示"婴儿的"，用baby's．故得此答案．
（9）still．考查副词；句意，他看了看那个妈妈的爱，它仍然在那儿．可知空缺处需要填入一个连词，表示"仍然"，用still．故得此答案．
（10）understood．考查动词；句意，然后他理解了唯一那个可以一直保持它的美丽的是那个妈妈的爱，可知空缺处需要填入一个动词，表示"理解"，结合时态是一般过去时态，用understood．故得此答案．
Passage 11（2019 •赤峰市）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使句意通顺、完整。请将正确答案填写在答题卡指定的横线上。（每空一词，每词限用一次。）
but time help write method proper believe explain mistake dictionary


Tips for Writing Better Articles
Many of us don' t spend a lot of time improving our writing skills. This can be a problem when we hand in our articles. Good writing skills will help us improve our grades and be good for us later in life. The following tips can be 51 .
Make good word choices. When we are not sure which word is the right one for a sentence, look it up in a 52 . Many of us choose words in a hurry and don' t think over if they' re 53 . Good word choices are necessary for good writing.
Check facts. If we want people to 54 what we write, we must make sure our facts are true. We should use dependable （可靠的）facts.
Rewrite. A common problem is that we don ' t like to rewrite. In fact, rewriting is the best way to find out and correct some 55 , like bad grammar and spelling. Rewriting makes our writing better than before, thou it takes more 56 and more work.
Read aloud. It is a good 57 to learn English well. Sometimes it’s easier to find problems with spelling, word usage, and grammar when we read aloud. Reading aloud helps us not only find out our problems 58 develop our writing.
Prepare a Hist. It is very important for writing a good article. Such a list includes： Is there a proper title? Have we 59 every point? Are all the parts of the article included? This can help us make sure that we have covered everything.
It is not easy to become a better 60 . But with a few simple steps, we can improve our writing skills and learn how to write better articles.
【答案与解析】
51. helpful 根据意思：以下提示可能会有所帮助．be 后面加形容词．故答案是：helpful．
52. dictionary 根据意思：当我们不确定哪一个词适合一个句子时，就去查字典．a后面加可数名词单数． 故答案是：dictionary．
53. proper 根据意思：我们中的许多人很匆忙地选择了单词，而且不去想它们是否合适．are后面加形容词．故答案是：proper．
54. believe 根据意思：如果我们想让人们相信我们所写的，我们必须确保我们的事实是真实的．want sb to do先要某人干某事，故答案是：believe．
55. mistakes 根据意思：事实上，重写是发现和纠正一些错误的最好方法，比如错误的语法和拼写． some后面加可数名词复数．故答案是：mistakes．
56. time 根据意思：重写使我们的写作比以前更好，尽管它需要更多的时间和更多的工作．时间，不可数名词．故答案是：time．
57. method 根据意思：这是学好英语的好方法．根据a可知用单数．故答案是：method．
58. but 根据意思：大声朗读不仅有助于我们发现问题，而且有助于我们写作的发展．not only， but also，不但．．而且．故答案是：but．
59. explained 根据意思：我们解释每一点了吗？现在完成时态have done．故答案是：explained．
60. writer 根据意思：要成为一个更好的作家并不容易，作家是writer．故答案是：writer．
Passage 11（2019 •宁夏回族自治区）
ticket，also，interesting，as a result，send，once，think about，of，such as，difference

从下面方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确形式填入短文中，使短文通顺正确（每个词或短语只用一次）。
When I was tidying up my room yesterday，I found an old box of my father's. He gave it to me two years ago. It was really（66） to discover something about my father's life as a child.
He （67） told me about his hobbies as a child. He wrote to people from all over the world，and they（68） him letters back.（69） he had a book（70） interesting stamps. People（71） gave him things from（72） countries，（73） a silk fan from China，a little model car from Germany and a small model ship from Australia.My father even kept the （74） from his first football match.The box made me（75） my hobby.I want to keep my old picture books and magazines for a long time too.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文讲述了，作者通过父亲小时候的一些收藏，发现很有意义，由此作者想起了他的爱好，也想把他的旧图画书和杂志收藏起来．
（66）interesting 考查形容词，根据It was really interestingto discover something about my father's life as a child．可知发现我父亲小时候的生活真的很有趣，结合系动词was后加形容词"有趣的"．故填：interesting．
（67）once 考查副词，根据He once told me about his hobbies as a child． 可知， 他曾经告诉我他小时候的爱好．结合句意，是过去时因此用"曾经"． 故填once．
（68）sent 考查动词，结合前文 He wrote to people from all over the world，and they sent him letters back． 可知 ，他给世界各地的人写信，他们给他回信．给某人寄信用"send sb letters "，and 表示并列，由此用过去时．故填sent．
（69）As a result 考查固定短词，结合前文：他给别人写信并收到别人的回信．可知，他有了一本有趣的邮票书，这是经常写信的结果． 故填As a result．
（70）of 考查代词，根据As a result he had a book of interesting stamps． 结果他有了一本有趣的邮票书． 表示"…的"用of．即a book of…"一本…样的书"．故填of．
（71）also 考查副词，根据前文，人们不仅给他回信．结合本句 People also gave him things from different countries，人们还送给他一些来自不同国家的东西．表示"也，还"因此用also． 故填also．
（72）different 考查形容词，根据本句People also gave him things from different countries．countries为名词复数，前用形容词来修饰．"不同的国家"因此用 different． 故填different
（73）such as 考查固定短语，根据such as a silk fan from China，a little model car from Germany and a small model ship from Australia． 比如一个中国的丝绸扇子，一辆德国的小模型车，一艘澳大利亚的小模型船．可知这些都是举的一些例子．故填such as．
（74）ticket 考查名词，根据本句My father even kept the ticket from his first football match．我的父亲甚至把他第一场足球赛的票留了下来．可以推测，足球赛的肯定是"门票"． 故填ticket．
（75）think about 考查动词短语，根据The box made me think about my hobby．这个盒子让我想到了我的爱好．再结合下文 ， 我也想把我的旧图画书和杂志放很长时间．可知，这是作者以后的打算，他现在"想到"了． 故填think about．
Passage 11（2019 •青海省）
young shoot child go lucky
The Taliban（塔利班组织） controlled an area in Pakistan． They neither allowed people to listen to music nor watch television， and they also stopped girls from （1）　 　to school． Eleven﹣year﹣old Malala made the brave choice to blog（发微博）about life under the Taliban． She kept an opinion that girls had the right to an education． Malala′s blog made the Taliban very angry． While riding a bus in 2012， Malala （2）　 　 in the head by a Taliban gunman． （3）　 　， she didn't die from that attack． The following year， she gave a historic speech to the United Nations． Speaking about the importance of education， Malala said， "I'm here to speak up for the right of education for （4）　 　．"In 2014， she became the （5）　 　person to receive the Nobel Peace Prize．
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文是介绍Malala 为了女孩的教育维权的情况．
（1）going．考查动词，结合后文She kept an opinion that girls had the right to an education是说女孩应该有权利接受教育，故这里是阻止女孩上学，stop sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事，go to school去上学，故答案是going．
（2）was shot．考查动词．结合While riding a bus in 2012， Malala （2）in the head by a Taliban gunman．当在公共汽车上的时候，他被一个抢手射中了头部，主语 Malala 是shoot的承受者，结合in 2012用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词，主语 Malala 单数，故答案是was shot．
（3）Luckily．考查副词． 结合she didn't die from that attack可知是很幸运的，故用副词luckily修饰整个句子，故答案是Luckily．
（4）children．考查名词．结合Malala said， "I'm here to speak up for the right of education for （4）可知是为了那些需要教育的人说话，结合所给字母，故用children作为for的宾语，为了孩子的教育权利，故答案是children．
（5）youngest．考查形容词．结合Eleven﹣year﹣old Malala made the brave choice to blog（发微博）about life under the Taliban可知十一岁发微博，While riding a bus in 2012， Malala （2）in the head by a Taliban gunman2012年被袭击，In 2014可知年龄不大，故可知 she became the （5）person to receive the Nobel Peace Prize．这里是说是获得诺贝尔奖最年轻的，故答案是youngest．
Passage 11（2019 •四川省达州市）
have；true；say；as； patient；well；like； I；do； run
Last year I was 14 years old． I had an " enemy"， a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings（缺点）． Day by day her list grew： I was very thin； I was （1）　 　；I sometimes didn't respect the teachers， I talked too much： I was too proud， and so on． At last， I couldn't stand it． I cried and（2）　 　to my father． He listened to me quietly．Then he asked，"Alfred， are the things she says true or not？ Didn't you ever wonder what you are really（3）　 　？ Well， you now have that girl's opinion． Go and make a list of everything she（4）　 　and find out the points that are true． Pay no attention to the other things you heard．"
I did （5）　 　my father told． To my surprise， I discovered that about half the things were true． Some of them I couldn't change （like being very thin）， but a large number I could and suddenly I wanted to change． For the first time I got a fairly clear picture of （6）　 　．
I brought the list back to Daddy． He refused to take it． "It's just the case for you． he said，"you know better than anyone the （7）　 　．about yourself But you have to leam to listen， not just close your ears in anger and feeling hurt． When something said about you is true， you'll find it will be of great help to you． Our world is full of people who think they know your duty． Don't shut your ears， listen to them all， but hear the fact only and do what you know is right thing（8）　 　．
In my life． I've never （9）　 　a better piece of advice． Thanks for the shortcomings that someone has pointed out for us． They can make us know ourselves more and improve us（10）　 　as we grow up．

【答案与解析】
【文章大意】
（1）impatient 考查形容词．根据语境"我没有耐心"，考虑选择形容词patient，意为"有耐心的"，由缺点推断此处填反义词形式，故答案为 impatient；
（2）ran 考查动词．根据语境"我哭着跑向我父亲"，考虑选择动词run，意为"跑"，由and前的动词cried推断此处也填过去式形式，故答案为 ran；
（3）like 考查介词．根据语境"你没想过你是什么样的人吗？"，考虑选择介词 like，意为"像"，故答案为 like；
（4）said 考查动词．根据语境"去把她说的每一件事都列出来，找出正确的地方"，考虑选择动词，意为"说"，因是女孩以前说的，推断填过去式形式，故答案为 said；
（5）as 考查介词．根据语境"我照我父亲说的做了"，考虑选择介词as，意为"按照"，故答案为 as；
（6）myself 考查代词．根据语境"我第一次对自己有了一个相当清晰的印象"，考虑选择代词 I，因此处是我自己的印象，推断此处填反身代词形式myself，意为"我自己"，故答案为 myself；
（7）truth 考查名词．根据语境"你比任何人都清楚真相"，考虑选择形容词true，意为"真的"，由空前的冠词the推断此处填名词形式truth，故答案为 truth；
（8）to do 考查动词．根据语境"但是只听事实，做你知道是正确的事"，考虑选择动词 do，意为"做"，由动词不定式to do作thing的后置定语，故答案为 to do；
（9）had 考查动词．根据语境"我从来没有得到过更好的建议"，考虑选择动词have，意为"有，得到"，由空前的I've推断本句为现在完成时，此处填过去分词形式，故答案为 had；
（10）better 考查副词．根据语境"它们能使我们更加了解自己，并且在我们成长过程中更好地改善我们"，考虑选择副词well，意为"好地"，由and前的more推断此处填比较级形式，故答案为 better．
Passage 11（2019 •四川省广元市）
阅读短文，再从方框内选择恰当的单词，并用其适当的形式填空。请将正确答案填写在答题卡上的相应位置。
share harm sad in
In recent years, many people think happiness is the most important thing, but facing 76 bravely may be more helpful. Some researchers in the University of Melbourne say that society is trying to avoid unhappy things. It will be 77 to people’s health. One researcher says happy people may not be happy in their mind. These people hide unhappy things 78 their hearts After a long time, this mood will be bad for mental and physical heath.
How do we keep really happy? We should keep humorous, have lots of hobbies, be kind and 79 our fun with others more. If we are sad, we should tell others or cry loud. If we are happy, we should be really happy.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】人们认为快乐是重要的，但是勇敢面对不快乐更有帮助．
76．sadness 考查名词．结合Some researchers in the University of Melbourne say that society is trying to avoid unhappy things研究表明社会要尽力取避免不开心的事情，故前文说的是勇敢面对不开心的事情，结合所给单词用sadness作为face的宾语，故答案是sadness．
77．harmful 考查形容词．结合It will be （2）to people's health． 和所给单词可知是的是对人民的健康不利，故用harmful有害的，故答案是harmful．
78．in 考查介词．结合These people hide unhappy things （3）their hearts．将不开心的事情隐藏在心里，给用介词in．
79．share 考查动词．结合We should keep humorous， have lots of hobbies， be kind and （4）our fun with others more我们应该保持幽默，很多爱好，友好和分享快乐，结合share with与某人分享，故用share，shoud后加动词原形，故答案是share．
Passage 11（2019 •四川省遂宁市）
tried， us， wishes ， correct， how
Helen is my good friend． She taught（1）　 　 English when I attended a training course two years ago．Helen was always ready for the lessons， and she （2）　 　 her best to make her classes lively． I used to be poor in English， especially in written English． But now I'm able to write letters and reports（3）　 　 in English． I still remember（4）　 　 she helped me with my English patiently． Teachers' Day is coming． I'm going to send her a card and give her my best （5）　 　．
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】
（1）us 考查代词．根据语境"两年前我参加一个培训班时，她教我们英语"，考虑选择代词us，意为"我们"，由空前的动词taught推断此处填宾格形式，故答案为 us；
（2）tried 考查动词．根据语境"她尽最大努力使课堂活跃起来"，考虑选择动词tried，意为""，由上文的was推断此处填过去式形式，故答案为 tried；
（3）correctly 考查副词．根据语境"但现在我能用英语正确地写信件和报告了"，考虑选择形容词correct，意为"正确的"，由空前的动词write推断此处填副词形式，故答案为 correctly；
（4）how 考查疑问词．根据语境"我仍然记得她是如何耐心地帮助我学英语的"，考虑选择疑问词how，意为"怎样"，故答案为 how；
（5）wishes 考查名词．根据语境""，考虑选择名词wishes，意为"祝福"，此处填的是复数形式，故答案为 wishes．