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(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课件选择性必修二 Unit 1 Science and Scientists (含详解)
展开【话题词汇】1.ptential adj. 潜在的2.innvatin n. 创新;改革3.universe n. 宇宙4.wnder n. 奇迹5.digital adj. 数字的;数码的6.artificial adj. 人工的7.intelligence n. 智能8.advanced adj. 先进的9.autmatic adj. 自动的10.cnvenient adj. 便利的,方便的11.diligent adj. 勤奋的12.cnsiderate adj. 考虑周到的13.strngwilled adj. 意志坚强的
主题语境:人与社会 (科学与科学家)
【话题短语】1.in the field f 在……领域2.have made rapid prgress in 在某方面取得很大的进步3.find a cure fr 找到一个……的治疗方法4.receive the Nbel Prize 获得诺贝尔奖5.face the challenge 面对挑战6.devte neself t 致力于7.scientific research 科学研究8.set ut a new scientific idea 开创科学新观点9.find a prblem 发现问题10.find supprting evidence 找到支持的证据
【话题佳句】1.It is science and technlgy that make ur life mre cnvenient.是科技使我们的生活更加方便。2.S strng minded was he that he culd keep up until he succeeded.他意志很坚强,他会继续做下去直到成功。3.In the last decades, advances in medical technlgy have made it pssible fr peple t live lnger than in the past.在过去的几十年里,医疗技术的进步使人们有可能比过去活得更长。
【话题练习】1.Hwever, educated by his mther, he tk an interest in reading.然而,由于母亲的教育,他对读书产生了浓厚的兴趣。2.He fell in lve with science and devted himself t it.他迷上了科学并且致力于它。
Ⅰ.重点单词1.________________ adj. 极为恶劣的;十分严重的2.________________ adj. 相互矛盾的;对立的3.________________ v. 倾倒4.________________ adj. 数量多的;多种多样的5.________________ vt.&vi. 怀疑;不信任n. 犯罪嫌疑人6.________________ n. 概念;观念7.________________ adj. 生的;未经处理的
cntradictry
8.________________ n. 影子;阴影9.________________ n. 思想;思维10.________________ adj. 可靠的;固体的;坚实的11.________________ n.&adj. 混凝土;确实的,具体的12.________________ adj. 优秀的;杰出的13.________________ adj. 大量的;价值巨大的14.________________ adj. 聪颖的;绝妙的15.________________ vt.&n. 责怪;指责
utstanding
substantial
Ⅱ.拓展单词1.______ vt. 使感染,传染→________ n. 感染;传染→________ adj.传染的2.____________ adj.相互矛盾的→________ v. 与……矛盾3.________ n.&vt.&vi.减少;降低→(反)________ n. 增加,提高4.________ vt. 保卫;防守→________ n. 防御,防守5.________ vt.& vi. 改变;转变→____________ n. 改变;转变
transfrmatin
6.________ v. 帮助→________ n. 助理;助手→________ n.帮助,援助7.________ n.礼物;天赋v.赋予→________ adj. 有天赋的,有才华的8.________ vi. 认购(股份),定期订购→________ n.订阅,订购9.________ adj. 最初的,开始的→________ adv.最初,首先10.________ adj. 干净的;纯的→________ n. 纯洁,纯粹→________ v. 净化;使纯净
assistance
subscriptin
联想拓展dis否定前缀高频词集锦①dislike vt. 不喜欢②disagree vi. 不同意③disappear vi. 消失④disappint vt. 使失望⑤discurage vt. 使气馁⑥discver vt. 发现⑦disbey vt. 违反⑧distrust vt. 不信任
en前缀和en后缀改变词性①rich→v. enrich 使富裕②able→v. enable 使能够③large→v. enlarge 使扩大④sure→v.ensure 确保;担保⑤strength→v.strengthen 加强;巩固⑥shrt→v.shrten 缩短;使变短
Ⅲ.核心短语1.________________ 最终地;彻底地2.________________ 幸亏;由于3.________________ 最重要的是;尤其是4.________________ 追溯到5.________________ 突然开始;爆发6.________________ 主管;掌握7.__________________________ 劝阻某人不要做某事8.________________ 理论框架9.________________ 熟悉10.________________ 指出
nce and fr all
trace back t
in charge f
discurage sb. frm ding sth.
theretical framewrk
be familiar with
联想拓展与“性格”有关的形容词小结①stubbrn 固执的②easyging 随和的③utging 外向的④gentle 温和的⑤ptimistic 乐观的⑥utspken 坦率的
“埋头于;专心于”的多种表达①be lst in②be buried in③be ccupied in ④be absrbed in⑤be devted t⑥apply neself t
Ⅳ.重点句型1.比较级与否定词连用, 表示最高级T a persn, _______________________ their life.对于一个人来说,没有什么比生命更珍贵了。2.“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构The teacher taught the students ____________________ .老师教学生们如何做试验。3.引导结果状语从句She is _______________we all like her.她是一个如此可爱的女孩,我们都喜欢她。
nthing is mre precius than
hw t d the experiment
s lvely a girl that
高频考点探究Ⅰ.核心词汇1.blamed vt.责备;谴责;把……归咎于;n.过失;责备【典型例句】Instead f blaming each ther,we shuld cmmunicate mre and put urselves in thers' place.我们应该多交流、 换位思考而不是相互责怪。
(1)blame sb. fr sth. 因某事而责备某人blame sth. n sb. 把某事怪到某人头上be t blame 应受责备;应负责任(2)bear/take the blame fr... 对……负责lay/put the blame fr sth. n sb. 把某事归咎于某人身上
【练透考点】单句语法填空/完成句子①________ (blame) fr the breakdwn f the schl cmputer netwrk,Alice was in lw spirits.②In my view,Li Hua,wh brke the schl rule,was ________ (blame).③Lts f peple find it hard t get up in the mrning,and put the blame ________ the alarm clck.④她经常抱怨在工作上没有感觉到受重视。She ften ______________________________ at wrk.
cmplains abut nt feeling appreciated
【佳句背诵】I refuse t accept the blame fr smething that was smene else's fault.我拒绝接受因别人的错误而对我进行的指责。
2.transfrm vi.&vt. 改变,转变;使改变【教材原句】Mrever,in his use f maps and statistics, Snw transfrmed the way scientists study diseases.另外,斯诺利用他对地图和数据的使用,改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。(教材P3) (1) 把……变成……transfrm sb./sth. frm... 把某人/物从……中转变(2)transfrmatin n. 改变, 变革
【练透考点】单句语法填空①Every mment f every day,energy is ______________ (transfrm) frm ne frm int anther.②The past ten years has witnessed a cmplete ________________ (transfrm) f my hmetwn.③In nly 20 years the cuntry ________________ (transfrm) int an advanced industrial pwer.
being transfrmed
has been transfrmed
【佳句背诵】Yur generus help and tender care transfrmed my first American trip int an unfrgettable memry. 你们的慷慨帮助和关怀使我的第一次美国之行成为一个难以忘怀的记忆。
3.suspect vt.&vi.怀疑,不信任;n.犯罪嫌疑人【教材原句】Snw suspected that the water pump was t blame. (教材P2)斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。 常用“vt.+ sb.+ f sth.”的短语warn sb. f sth. 警告某人某事accuse sb. f sth. 控告某人某事cure sb. f sth. 给某人治愈某病;改正(某人的不良行为)infrm sb. f sth. 告知某人某事cnvince sb. f sth. 使某人相信某事remind sb. f sth. 使某人回想起某事
【练透考点】单句语法填空①The plice suspected him ________ carrying drugs s they went thrugh his bag, but fund nthing.②The phts remind me ________ the ld days which we spent tgether.③________ (suspect) there was smething very unusual abut the murder,the pliceman returned t the scene t search fr mre evidence.
【佳句背诵】Sme parents hesitate t take these steps because they suspect that their child is exaggerating.一些家长迟迟不肯采取这些措施,因为他们怀疑自己的孩子在夸大其词。
4.assist vt.帮助;协助;援助【典型例句】 A nurse wh understands the healing value f silence can use this understanding t assist in the care f patients frm their wn and frm ther cultures.了解沉默的治愈价值的护士有助于照顾来自自己文化或其他文化的病人。
(1)assist sb. t d sth. 帮助某人做某事assist sb. in/with sth. 帮助某人某事assist sb. in ding sth. 帮助某人做某事(2)assistance n. 帮助;协助cme t ne's assistance 援助某人be f assistance t sb. 有助于某人with the assistance/help f 在……的帮助下
【练透考点】单句语法填空①When in truble,his friends always cme t his ________ (assist).②Mary was chsen as an ________ (assist) t help Mr. Brwn finish his research.③Tm is an ________ teacher in the cllege. He ften ________ the students with their prblems and gives assistance t any student in need. (assist)
【佳句背诵】T assist the students t learn Chinese better,ur schl has decided t dnate sme bks t yur Chinese class.为了帮助学生学好汉语,我们学校决定给你们中文班捐赠一批图书。
5.link n. 联系,纽带;vt. 把……连接起来,相关联系【教材原句】Snw was later able t shw a link between ther cases f chlera and the different water cmpanies in Lndn.(教材P3) 后来,斯诺发现了其他霍乱病例与伦敦不同供水公司之间的联系。
(1)把A与B连接/联系起来(2)be linked with/t 与……有联系/有关(3)link up (with) (与……)结合,连接(4)There is a link ……和……之间有联系“把A与B连接/联系起来”的其他表达法:be related tbe invlved inbe assciated withhave smething t d withbe cnnected
【练透考点】单句语法填空①There is cnvincing evidence that skin cancer ________ (link) t expsure t the sun.②________ (link) arms with ne f the instructrs, I helped carry the yung man ut f the water.③Whether pllutin is directly linked ________ the disease is under debate.
【佳句背诵】There is n denying that lung cancer is linked t smking.毫无疑问,肺癌和抽烟有关。
Ⅱ.核心短语6.nce and fr all最终地;彻底地【教材原句】Hwever,he never lst his desire t destry chlera nce and fr all. (教材P2)然而,他从未放弃彻底消灭霍乱的愿望。all at nce 突然;同时at nce 立刻,马上nce and again 一而再,再三
【练透考点】单句语法填空①We have t reslve this matter nce ________ fr all.②All ________ nce there was smene kncking n the dr.③He was punished nce ________ again fr telling lies.
7.break ut(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始;爆发【教材原句】Hwever,after the Snghu Battle brke ut in 1932,Qian made the decisin t switch his majr t aviatin because he realised that China needed its wn pwerful air frce t prtect and defend the cuntry. (教材P7)然而,在1932年“淞沪会战”爆发后,钱学森决定转学航空专业,因为他意识到中国需要强大的空军来保护和保卫国家。
break in 强行进入;打断break thrugh 突破;冲破break up 破碎;解散;分手break ff 断开;中断;停顿break away frm 逃脱;脱离break int 强行闯入;突然开始break dwn 出故障;垮掉
【练透考点】用break的短语填空①He ________________ my huse and stle my mney.②The meeting ________________ at eleven 'clck. ③He decided t break ______ frm hme after graduatin.
【佳句背诵】If yu g n wrking like that,yu will break dwn sner r later.如果你继续像那样工作的话,你迟早会累垮的。
8.in charge f主管;掌管【教材原句】He received a her's welcme frm his hmeland and was put in charge f nt nly develping China's rcket science but als its space and missile prgramme. (教材P8)他受到了来自祖国的英雄般的欢迎,不仅负责发展中国的火箭科学,还负责中国的太空和导弹计划。 take charge f 掌管/负责……in charge f 控制/管理……free f charge 免费地in sb.'s charge=in the charge f sb. 由……主管(含被动意义)
【练透考点】用charge的短语完成句子①公司管理很差,直到她掌管为止。The cmpany was badly rganized until she _______________. ②演员们都愿意免费出演。The perfrmers have all ffered their services __________________.③当老板不在的时候由汤姆负责公司业务。The cmpany ___________________ when the bss is away.=Tm is ________________________ when the bss is away.
tk charge f it
free f charge
is in the charge f Tm
in charge f the cmpany
Ⅲ.典型句式精析9.I have never spent a mre wrrying day.我从来没有经历过比这更令人担忧的一天了。【典型例句】If yu are free, nthing will be better if yu can cme t China t attend a traditinal wedding.如果你有空的话, 要是你能来中国参加一场传统婚礼那就最好了。
【句式分析】比较级与否定词连用, 表示最高级。 表示最高级意义的其他常见结构:never+比较级nthing/n+s+原级++比较级+than..比较级+than+
【练透考点】完成句子①在我看来, 在生活中健康是最重要的。In my pinin, ________________________ health in life.②汤姆是他班上最聪明的学生。Tm is mre intelligent __________________________________ in his class.③再没有别的书对我的生活有更大的影响了。____________________________________ my life.
nthing is mre imprtant than
than any ther student/all the ther students
N ther bk has had a greater effect n
10.He discvered that in tw particular streets the chlera utbreak was s severe that mre than 500 peple died in ten days.他发现在两条特别的街道上,霍乱爆发非常严重,10天内就有500多人死亡。【典型例句】It was s funny a jke that we culdn't help bursting int laughter.这个玩笑是如此得好笑以至于我们情不自禁地放声大笑。
【句式分析】 (1)s +that...(2)such +that...在“”和“”结构中,当“s/such...”置于句首时,其所在的句子要用部分倒装。
【练透考点】完成句子①这部电影如此好,以至于我想再看一遍。________________ a film ________________ a secnd time.②她工作这么努力,我们都很敬佩她。________________________________________________________③他说英语说得如此清晰,以至于别人都能听得懂。S clearly ___________________ he can always make himself ________.
that I'd like t see it
She wrks s hard that we all respect her.
des he speak English that
【佳句背诵】Keeping a learning diary every day is s imprtant that I wuld like t intrduce it t yu.每天坚持写学习日记是如此重要,所以我想把这种学习方法介绍给你们。
Ⅰ.高考能力同步化——单句语法填空/单词拼写1.[2018·全国卷Ⅱ]Linking arms ________ ne f the instructrs, I helped carry the yung man ut f the water.2.[2020·全国卷Ⅰ] Regardless f the risk f getting ________ (infect), Uncle Li is respnsible and devted t his jb.3.[2019·全国卷Ⅰ] Greenery is gd fr us. Hspital patients wh see tree branches ut their windw are likely ________ (recver) at a faster rate than patients wh see buildings r sky instead.4.[2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid ________ (describe) f the purest f Central Asian traditins.5.Then, _________ (处理) the mst imprtant tasks first s yu'll feel a real sense f achievement.
descriptin
6.[2020·全国卷Ⅰ] Fr ________ (assist), please call Queensland Rail n 13 16 17.7.[2020·全国卷Ⅰ]After that I ________ (pur) il int a pan and turned ff the stve.8.[2018·江苏卷]But the infrmatin I gt was rich and varied, r even ____________. (相互矛盾)9.[2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] In Samarkand, Mr. Bissell admires the architectural wnders, while n his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when ________ (suspect) f drug dealing.10.[2020·江苏卷] The health security systems f many cuntries are underging cnsiderable ____________.(transfrm)
transfrmatin
Ⅱ.必备知识试题化——选词填空suspect;blame;subscribe;decrease;link;handle;pur;transfrm;utstanding;defend1.I ________ t a mrning paper.2.We all ________ the truth f the reprt.3.My brther brke the windw,but I gt the ________ .4.D yu knw hw t ________ the machine?5.Is there a ________ between lung disease and smking?6.The unemplyment rate f the cuntry ________ last year.7.A new clur scheme will ________ yur bedrm.8.Andy ________ the glass full and lifted it t Bbby.9.The accused man had a lawyer t ________ him.10.Her late husband was an ___________ scientist.
subscribed
Ⅲ.教材语篇高考化——语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chlera used t be ne f the mst feared 1.________ (disease) in the wrld. When yung,Jhn Snw became 2.________ (frustrate) because n ne knew hw t prevent r treat chlera. He desired 3.________ (destry) chlera nce and fr all. He thught chlera was caused by an 4.________ (infect) frm germs in fd r water. Cnsequently,when an utbreak f chlera hit Lndn in 1854,Snw began t investigate by 5.________ (mark) n a map the exact places where all thse 6.________ died had lived.
frustrated
At last,Jhn Snw fund that the water frm the Brad Street pump had been infected by waste. Thrugh Snw's tireless effrts,the threat f chlera arund the wrld saw 7.________ substantial decrease. Hwever,chlera is still a prblem. Frtunately,we nw knw hw t prevent chlera,thanks 8.________ the wrk f Jhn Snw. Mrever,in his use f maps and statistics,Snw 9.__________ (transfrm) the way scientists study diseases. Fr this reasn,Snw 10.________ (cnsider) the father f mdern epidemilgy.
transfrmed
假如你是校英文报主编,最近校报拟开设“我身边的英雄”栏目。请根据如下提示写一则征稿启事(电子邮箱:Englishclumn @163.cm):1.开设目的;2.稿件要求;3.投稿方式和截止日期。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Step 1 斟酌打磨 丰富句式1.精挑细选——核心词汇想周全①________________ 开设新的栏目②________________ 英雄事迹③________________________________ 鼓励学生向英雄学习④____________________________ 截止日期之前提交⑤____________________ 期待你精彩的故事
launch a new clumn
heric deeds
stimulate the students t learn frm heres
submit yur article befre the deadline
anticipate yur fantastic stry
2.遣词造句——句式升级是亮点句式翻译:①为了鼓励学生向英雄学习,我们将要开设新的栏目—我身边的英雄T stimulate the students t learn frm heres, we're t launch a new clumn The Her Arund Me.(非谓语)→______________________________________________________
Aimed at stimulating the students t learn frm heres, we're t launch a new clumn The Her Arund Me.
②你的作品应该准确真实并少于300词。Yur article shuld be accurate and real and shuld be less than 300 wrds. (主语从句)→______________________________________________________
What yu write shuld be accurate and real. Besides, yur cntributins are expected t be within 300 wrds.
Step 2 逻辑衔接 连句成文
Cntributins WantedAimed at stimulating the students t learn frm heres, we're t launch a new clumn The Her Arund Me.Everyne is welcme t write articles abut a her arund yu, including the her's name, his/her great spirit and heric deeds that tuch yu. What yu write shuld be accurate and real. Besides, yur cntributins are expected t be within 300 wrds.Please send yur cntributins t ur editrial department r email them t Englishclumn@163.cm befre April 28.
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