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2018-2022年福建中考英语5年真题1年模拟汇编 专题07 阅读理解（学生卷+教师卷）
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专题07 阅读理解
（2022·福建·中考真题）
On the afternoon of March 23, 2022, Chinese astronauts on board China’s Tiangong space station gave a science lesson 400 kilometers above Earth. It was a great success. Do you still remember the first space lesson hosted by Wang Yaping in 2013? Helped by the other two astronauts, she gave the lesson to more than 60 million school children all over the country.
While watching the science lesson from the Tiangong-1 on the morning of June 20, 2013, Wang Lutian, a 10-year-old disabled student at a special school in downtown Beijing, was drawing a colorful rocket with crayons in his classroom. “Moon…stars…a rocket to the sky,” Wang explained his work in a cheerful voice. At that time, he and more than 100 other disabled students were enjoying the lesson given by Wang Yaping, who talked about movements in micro-gravity（微重力）environments. “Zero gravity!” Qian Shaohong, another student at the school, shouted when he saw astronaut Nie Haisheng making a show of crossing his legs in mid-air. “Scientific knowledge has helped open a window for the children to know about the world,” said Zhang Yini, a teacher at the school.
The lesson also increased interest in space science among teenagers living on the “roof (屋脊) of the world”. “I was most interested in the presentation of the ‘water ball’ in a gravity-free environment. It’s really amazing,” said Rigzin Jigme Doje, a high school student in Lhasa, Tibet. Describing himself as a lover of physics, Doje said the lesson helped him stay true to his dream of becoming a physicist.
The lesson also encouraged other Tibetan school children to relate the mysterious world of outer space to their hometown.
1．The space lesson in 2013 was for ________.
A．Chinese astronauts B．Chinese teachers
C．school children in China D．scientists all over China
2．Which picture shows Nie Haisheng’s body movement according to the text?
A． B． C． D．
3．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．Wang Yaping’s talk on micro-gravity environments.
B．The influence of the space lesson on the disabled students.
C．The efforts of the disabled students in a special school.
D．A 10-year-old student’s dream of sending a rocket to the sky.
4．What do we know about Rigzin Jigme Doje?
A．He liked drawing stars. B．He talked a lot about his work.
C．He was a primary school student. D．He was fond of physics.
5．After watching the space lesson, the Tibetan students ________.
A．had a new view of their high schools
B．got an amazing “water ball” in space
C．increased an understanding of the roof of the world
D．developed a deep interest in the world of outer space
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．D
【解析】
本文讲述太空课堂对残疾儿童及西藏的学生的积极影响。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Do you still remember the first space lesson hosted by Wang Yaping in 2013? Helped by the other two astronauts, she gave the lesson to more than 60 million school children all over the country.”可知，2013年太空课堂是开给中国的学校的学生的。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段“astronaut Nie Haisheng making a show of crossing his legs in mid-air”，可知聂海胜在半空展示了交叉腿。A选项图片符合。故选A。
3．段落大意题。根据“Wang Lutian, a 10-year-old disabled student at a special school in downtown Beijing…he and more than 100 other disabled students were enjoying the lesson”及“Scientific knowledge has helped open a window for the children to know about the world”可知，第二段主要讲述的是太空课对残疾孩子的影响。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Describing himself as a lover of physics, Doje said the lesson helped him stay true to his dream of becoming a physicist”可知，Rigzin Jigme Doje喜欢物理。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The lesson also increased interest in space science among teenagers living on the ‘roof of the world’”及最后一段“The lesson also encouraged other Tibetan school children to relate the mysterious world of outer space to their hometown”可知，看了太空课之后，西藏的学生增长了对太空科学的兴趣，把家乡和外太空联系起来了，可推断发展了对于外太空的浓厚兴趣。故选D。
（2022·福建·中考真题）Success is often considered to be the opposite of failure. To teenagers, it is the achievement of a goal or completion of something they really need, such as good grades and the ability to get along well with their classmates. Some schools used to agree with most parents who measured (判定) the success of their children according to grades, but now they pay special attention to moral (道德的) education and character-building to make sure teenagers achieve success in building human relationships.
Schools give chances to students to discover their hidden ability so that they can enjoy some form of success. For example, those good at speaking skills are advised to take part in speech competitions while those interested in arts are expected to perform in front of their classmates. Teenagers also get the pleasure of success when they join their favorite clubs.
Teenagers are often told that success is not easy to achieve and that success lies in hard work. Great efforts have to be put into project work. Doing things much later than planned should be avoided as this will lead to a mountain of work which finally makes them nervous. Another good quality (品质) is a sense of responsibility which makes them remember that a task has to be completed.
Sticking to moral values is the key to success too. Honest teenagers will win the trust of friends leading to good relationships. Self-motivation (自我激励) is another quality to be developed, for self-motivated teenagers will have the strong will and drive to perform a task and finally get to enjoy a sense of achievement.
6．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 refer to (指代)?
A．Their classmates. B．Some schools. C．Most parents. D．Their children.
7．Why are students given chances to take part in activities?
A．To get good grades. B．To improve speaking ability.
C．To express their love for arts. D．To get the pleasure of success.
8．What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A．Project work makes teenagers nervous.
B．Good qualities will lead to a happy life.
C．Teenagers are advised to complete tasks in time.
D．Taking responsibility will make work much easier.
9．What is important for making students strong minded?
A．Honesty. B．Self-motivation. C．Communication. D．Friends’ trust.
10．What can be the best title for the text?
A．The Value of Moral Education B．The Key to Discovering Hidden Ability
C．The Meaning of Success to Teenagers D．The Way to Communicate with Others
【答案】6．B7．D8．C9．B10．C
【解析】
本文主要介绍了现今老师和学校更加关注道德教育和性格塑造，以确保青少年在建立人际关系方面取得成功，同时介绍了帮助孩子们获得成功的关键是什么。
6．词义猜测题。根据“Some schools used to agree with most parents who measured (判定) the success of their children according to grades, but now they pay special attention to moral (道德的) education and character-building”可知，一些学校过去同意大多数家长用成绩来衡量孩子的成功，但现在他们特别重视道德教育和性格塑造，所以they指代前文提到的some schools，故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据“Teenagers also get the pleasure of success when they join their favorite clubs”可知，参加活动是为了获得成功的乐趣，故选D。
8．推理判断题。根据“Another good quality (品质) is a sense of responsibility which makes them remember that a task has to be completed”可知，如果孩子们有责任感，这会让他们记得要按时完成任务，故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据“Self-motivation (自我激励) is another quality to be developed, for self-motivated teenagers will have the strong will and drive to perform a task and finally get to enjoy a sense of achievement”可知，自我激励的青少年会有坚强的意志，故选B。
10．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文围绕“success成功”这一个词展开描述，介绍了成功对于孩子们的意义，以及成功的关键，所以C选项“成功对青少年的意义”符合本文标题，故选C。
（2022·福建·中考真题）Anna Brown was an artist who believed that it was important to help others. When she heard of a summer camp for children with serious illnesses, she came up with an idea. It cost money for these kids to go to the camp, so Anna decided to see what she could do to help. It was impossible for her to donate (捐赠) a lot of money, so she had to think of another way.
She wanted to take advantage of her love of art. So she started making and selling beautiful cards to raise money for these kids. Because these cards were all handmade, it would take her a long time to make a lot of them. So Anna had another idea. She started inviting friends to her house to help her make the cards. At first her friends were hesitant. Many said that they were not artistic and didn’t know how to make cards. But once they saw the beautiful materials that she had in her workroom, her friends felt more comfortable doing things such as drawing and cutting in order to make a new card.
But the materials were expensive. To make money without spending money, Anna asked for and got donations of paper, glue, scissors, and other things from nearby stores. She sold her cards for three dollars each in different art markets during the year. Anna raised more than $30,000 in her 10 years making cards.
11．What was Anna?
A．An artist. B．A doctor. C．A worker. D．A teacher.
12．What did Anna invite her friends to do?
A．Sell cards. B．Make cards. C．Buy materials. D．Donate materials.
13．What does the underlined word “hesitant” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?
A．坐立不安的 B．犹豫不决的 C．兴高采烈的 D．心甘情愿的
14．Where did Anna sell her handmade cards?
A．In her house. B．In her workroom. C．In nearby stores. D．In art markets.
15．Which of the following can best describe Anna?
A．Kind-hearted. B．Polite. C．Brave. D．Humorous.
【答案】11．A12．B13．B14．D15．A
【解析】
本文讲述了Anna Brown利用手工制作卡片进行售卖，来为重病儿童举办夏令营筹钱的故事。
11．细节理解题。根据“Anna Brown was an artist”可知，Anna Brown是一位艺术家。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“She started inviting friends to her house to help her make the cards.”可知，她邀请朋友们来家里来制作卡片。故选B。
13．词义猜测题。根据“Many said that they were not artistic and didn’t know how to make cards.”可知，一开始，朋友们说他们没有艺术，不知道如何制作卡片，应是很犹豫的。所以可推断出划线词“hesitant”意为“犹豫不决的”。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据“She sold her cards for three dollars each in different art markets during the year.”可知，是在艺术市场出售手工卡片。故选D。
15．推理判断题。通读全文可知，Anna Brown为了给重病儿童参加夏令营筹钱，想出了制作手工卡片筹钱这一方法，体现了Anna Brown是很善良，很热心肠的。故选A。
（2022·福建·中考真题）
Welcome to School Dance Club
Are you tired of sitting too long? Do you want to be healthier? Join the School Dance Club and move your body!
Choice of dances: folk, modern, pop, etc.
Level of difficulty: Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3
Teachers:
Helen White
— 13 years of teaching experience
— Graduated from International Master Dance School
John Smith
— First prize winner of “Dancers on Stage” for 4 years starting from 2016
Ken Power
— Skilled in different kinds of dance, especially in “fusion (融合)” dance
Who to join: Aged 12~15
If you would like to be one of us, please kindly fill in the form and send it to Maria Cooper’s office before 18th March.
16． The Dance Club best suits those who want to ________.
A．be healthier B．be quiet C．sing folk songs D．learn pop music
17．How many levels of difficulty does the Dance Club offer?
A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4.
18．If you want to learn “fusion” dance, you can choose ________.
A．Helen White B．John Smith C．Ken Power D．Maria Cooper
19．Who can join the Dance Club?
A．Teachers with rich experience. B．Teachers good at dancing.
C．Students aged 10. D．Students aged 13.
20．The text is probably a ________.
A．poster B．diary C．poem D．report
【答案】16．A17．C18．C19．D20．A
【解析】
本文介绍了学校舞蹈俱乐部的相关信息。
16．细节理解题。根据“Do you want to be healthier? Join the School Dance Club and move your body!”可知舞蹈俱乐部最适合那些想要更健康的人，故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据“Level of difficulty: Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3”可知困难级别有三级，故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“Ken Power—Skilled in different kinds of dance, especially in “fusion (融合)” danc”可知如果你想学习“融合”舞蹈，你可以选择Ken Power。故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据“Who to join: Aged 12~15”可知年龄在12至15岁的人可以参加，故选D。
20．推理判断题。通读全文可知文章介绍了学校舞蹈俱乐部的相关信息，所以可能在海报上看见，故选A。
（2021·福建·中考真题）If you have to describe yourself to someone else, what will you say? It can be difficult to see yourself from the outside, but knowing who you are, namely self-awareness, can help you understand feelings and make friendships closer.
Self-awareness means having a good understanding of our own character, that is, having the ability to see ourselves clearly. If you’re self-aware, you may know that you love playing an instrument because you do well in it, and music makes you happy, or that you prefer watching TV on your own because it helps you relax.
Knowing what you like and dislike, what you do well in and what you find difficult allows you to make better decisions about friendships, schoolwork and so on. You learn to trust your own feelings more, which builds confidence (信心). The World Health Organization says self - awareness is one of ten important life skills that help young people live happier, healthier lives. Being self - aware doesn’t mean only thinking of yourself. By understanding your own feelings, you will better understand other people too.
How do you learn to be self-aware? It’s a good way to ask questions. But ask yourself questions that start with “What” instead of “Why” . So if you don’t understand why you keep arguing with a friend, ask yourself what you disagree on instead of why you’re arguing.
Learning to be more self-aware is a skill, which means you learn it as you grow. So be bold and try out new things, like playing a new sport or listening to different kinds of music. Don’t be afraid to dislike something—discovering what you find difficult is a key part of learning more about yourself.
21．What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A．What self-awareness is B．What true happiness is
C．How to find true happiness D．How to develop self - awareness.
22．Knowing yourself is important because __________.
A．it’ll make you think more of yourself
B．it’ll make you perform better at school
C．it’ll help you learn how to ask proper questions
D．it’ll help you have a better understanding of others
23．What does the underlined word “bold” in the last paragraph probably mean in Chinese?
A．努力的 B．自豪的 C．大胆的 D．耐心的
24．What’s one of the keys to becoming more self-aware?
A．Being in high spirits. B．Discovering your weak points.
C．Having a taste for pleasant music. D．Learning to get along well with others.
25．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．It can be hard for you to know yourself well from others.
B．It takes a lot of time and energy to develop close friendships.
C．It is important and necessary for you to make a right decision.
D．It is a must to stick to your opinions when arguing with others.
【答案】21．A22．D23．C24．B25．A
【解析】
本文介绍了自我意识是什么，它的重要性以及如何学会自我意识。
21．主旨大意题。根据“Self-awareness means having a good understanding of our own character”可知，第二段主要介绍了什么是自我意识，故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据“By understanding your own feelings, you will better understand other people too”可知，因为这会帮助你更好地理解别人，故选D。
23．词义猜测题。根据“ try out new things”可知，这句话是建议人们要大胆尝试新事物，所以bold表示“大胆的”，故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据“Don’t be afraid to dislike something—discovering what you find difficult is a key part of learning more about yourself”可知，变得更有自我意识的关键是发现自己的弱点，故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据“It can be difficult to see yourself from the outside”可知，你很难从别人那里很好地了解自己，A表述正确，故选A。
（2021·福建·中考真题）Ten-year-old Orion Jean has always known that kindness is important. He often practiced it by volunteering with his family. Last year, after entering the National Kindness Speech Competition, he became crazy about it. Now he works to spread kindness everywhere through projects that help others. He calls his campaign (活动) the Race to Kindness.
When a teacher told him about the competition, Orion had only 24 hours to write, memorize, and record his speech. In it, he talked about the importance of kindness. “Kindness is like spreading hugs around the world.” Orion said. He encouraged listeners to join him in doing small, kind acts for others.
Orion’s speech won the competition. He used his $ 500 prize to support his first Race to Kindness project, a toy drive for a local children’s hospital. He collected 619 toys. After that, Orion wanted to make an even bigger impact (影响). Working with others, he packed meal bags for people in need with a kind message in each bag. Orion also organized several events in his community. In all, he collected more than 100,000 meals!
Orion believes that everyone wins this race. He says, “If you’re kind to someone else, it can make their day brighter and inspire them to pass on kindness. And then it just grows and grows, and it can make the world a better place. ”
26．Why did Orion start his campaign?
A．To spread kindness B．To win the competition
C．To take part in a race D．To volunteer with his family
27．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?
A．The competition B．The world. C．His speech D．His campaign
28．Which of the following has something to do with Orion's campaign?
A． B．
C． D．
29．What did Orion do for his campaign?
A．Joined in a competition B．Recorded his speech
C．Built a hospital D．Collected over 100, 000 meals
30．What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．One is never too old to learn.
C．Believing in yourself is the first step to success.
D．Roses given to others, sweet smell left in your hand.
【答案】26．A27．C28．B29．D30．D
【解析】
本文介绍了一位10岁的孩子Orion从小就知道善良的重要性，他通过一场比赛来传播善良的重要性，并鼓励听众一起多做善事，他坚信如果你善待他人，这会让他们的生活更美好，并激励他们传递善意。然后它就会不断增长，它会让世界变得更美好。
26．细节理解题。根据“Now he works to spread kindness everywhere through projects that help others”可知，他是为了传播善良，故选A。
27．词义猜测题。根据“Orion had only 24 hours to write, memorize, and record his speech”及“In it, he talked about the importance of kindness”可知，在这场演讲里，他谈论了善良的重要性，所以it指代“His speech”，故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“Now he works to spread kindness everywhere through projects that help others. He calls his campaign (活动) the Race to Kindness”可知，这个活动是为了传播善良的重要性，也就是与帮助他人有关，四个选项中只有B是帮助他人的图片，故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“In all, he collected more than 100,000 meals!”可知，他为活动所做的是共收集了10万多餐饭，故选D。
30．主旨大意题。根据“If you’re kind to someone else, it can make their day brighter and inspire them to pass on kindness. And then it just grows and grows, and it can make the world a better place”可知，最后一段表达的是如果你善待他人，别人也会将这个善意传播下去，这一点一点的积累会让世界变得更美好，用“送人玫瑰，手留余香”概括最符合，故选D。
（2020·福建·中考真题）
When Claire Vlases of Montana was in Grade 7, she learned about plans to modernize her middle school. Claire asked the school board（董事会）to add solar panels to the project because, she explained, clean energy would be helpful to a really modern school.
The board liked the idea but said it could offer just $ 25,000-one-fifth of the cost. So Claire organized a group of kids and grown-ups who set to work raising the rest. They sold their second-hand books, put on talent shows and asked for donations（捐赠）, even going door-to-door for them. One donated more than half the cost!
After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now provide one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs-saving the neighborhood thousands of dollars. “My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community,” Claire said. “There are always going to be hard parts. When there’s a challenge（挑战）presented to you, you can learn from it and use it as chance to overcome it.”
31．After knowing the project was still in need of money, Claire ________.
A．raised $ 25,000 B．asked for more help
C．sold old newspapers D．donated half the cost
32．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph2 refer to（指代）?
A．Solar panels. B．Second-hand books.
C．Shows. D．Donations.
33．Which picture shows the change of the electricity cost after the use of solar panels?
A． B．
C． D．
34．From Claire’s words in the last paragraph, we learn that ________.
A．hard work was her favorite B．the project went smoothly
C．a small thing makes a big difference D．solar panels cost a lot
35．What would be the best title for the text?
A．A Dependent Girl B．A Modern School
C．Don’t Waste Energy D．Never Give Up
【答案】31．B32．D33．C34．C35．D
【解析】
学校安装太阳能电池板时资金不足，克莱尔为了帮助学校安装太阳能电池板，自己组织了一群孩子和成年人，他们坚持不懈，寻求帮助，经过两年的艰苦努力以后，太能能电池板成功安装，并为学校和社区节省了大量的资金。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段中“So Claire organized a group of kids and grown-ups who set to work raising the rest.”可知，在得知这个项目还需要钱的时候，克莱尔组织了一群孩子和成年人去筹集这个项目还需要的钱，也就是说克莱尔寻求了更多的帮助。故选B。
32．词意猜测题。Solar panels.太阳能电池板。Second-hand books.二手书。Shows.演出。Donations.捐款。根据上文中“They sold their second-hand books, put on talent shows and asked for donations.”可知，他们通过出售二手书，举办才艺表演来获得捐款，所以此处them代指上文中donations，表示“他们甚至通过挨家挨户的方式来获得捐款”。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段中“which now provide one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs-saving the neighborhood thousands of dollars”可知，太阳能电池板现在提供了学校四分之一的电力需求，为社区节省了数千美元，也就是说安装了太阳能电池板以后，费用在逐步降低，结合图示可知C项正确。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community”可知，克莱尔最喜欢这个项目的部分是，一个人可以开始一些小的事情，然后这个项目可以扩大，并对社区有很大的影响，也就是说“一件小事就会有重大的影响”。故选C。
35．选择最佳标题。根据全文内容可知，克莱尔为了帮助学校安装太阳能电池板，自己组织了一群孩子和成年人，他们坚持不懈，永不放弃，经过两年的艰苦努力以后，太能能电池板成功安装，并为学校和社区节省了大量的资金，所以文章最佳标题为Never Give Up永不放弃。故选D。
（2020·福建·中考真题）Frank and his brother Jack lived near the ocean. Frank was outgoing while Jack was shy. They liked doing different things. Frank was famous for organizing games of beach volleyball, football, and any other sport imaginable. Jack preferred to draw, paint, or build sandcastles（沙堡）.
Frank didn't understand why Jack would rather do artistic things than play ball. He believed sports often allowed many kids to play together. That was when Jack's idea hatched. He would show Frank what doing things together looked like!
After Jack finished creating a special sandcastle with stairs, towers and walls, he took pictures of it. Then he painted colorful posters featuring（突出）his sandcastle and the question, "Can you top this?" He hung his posters everywhere in town, announcing his plan for a day of sandcastle artistry-all ages welcome.
When Frank saw poster, he not so nicely told Jack that no one would come. Still, shortly after sunrise on Saturday, Jack was on the beach digging in the sand. By mid-morning, four kids were sculpting（雕塑）the sand alongside him. By noon the number had increased a lot.
After Frank came back from his ball game, he went to check how his brother's plan turned out. He couldn't believe what he saw. At least 30 people were building a city of sandcastles, and everyone was chatting and laughing and working together! It was the most beautiful thing he had seen on the beach.
"I guess you've proved me wrong," Frank said. "You should make this sandcastle day a yearly tradition!" Handing Frank a shovel（铲子）with smile, Jack got started together with his brother on their super creation in the sand.
36．What does the underlined word "hatched" in Paragraph 2 probably mean in Chinese?
A．产生 B．改变 C．消失 D．中断
37．What helped people know about Jack's plan?
A．Beautiful towers. B．Colorful posters.
C．A town building. D．A sandcastle day.
38．When learning about Jack's plan, Frank was ________.
A．doubtful B．interested C．satisfied D．nervous
39．What can we know about Jack's idea?
A．It came from picture. B．It needed 30 people's support.
C．It proved Frank right. D．It did work well.
40．Which of the following best describes Jack?
A．Honest. B．Creative. C．Outgoing. D．Caring.
【答案】36．A37．B38．A39．D40．B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述杰克为了让弗兰克知道大家一起工作的乐趣，张贴海报通知大家建沙堡的计划；起初弗兰克对此计划持怀疑态度；但是结果至少30个人参加了建沙堡，大家一起工作的很开心；最后弗兰克和杰克一起也加入其中。
36．词义猜测题。根据第二段“He would show Frank what doing things together looked like”可知此处指的是杰克的想法产生了。hatched的意思是“产生”。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据第三段“He hung his posters everywhere in town, announcing his plan for a day of sandcastle artistry-all ages welcome”可知海报让人们知道了杰克的计划。故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据第四段“When Frank saw poster, he not so nicely told Jack that no one would come”可知弗兰克对杰克的计划持怀疑态度。故选A。
39．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“At least 30 people were building a city of sandcastles, and everyone was chatting and laughing and working together! It was the most beautiful thing he had seen on the beach”以及最后一段“Handing Frank a shovel with smile, Jack got started together with his brother on their super creation in the sand”至少30人参加而且弗兰克也加入了，可知杰克的计划运行正常，很起作用。故选D。
40．推理判断题。杰克为了让弗兰克知道大家一起工作的乐趣，用张贴海报通知大家建沙堡的计划，期初弗兰克对此持怀疑态度，但是结果证明至少30个人参加了建沙堡，大家一起工作的很开心。最后弗兰克和杰克一起也加入其中。由此可推断杰克很有创造力，故选B。
（2019·福建·中考真题）All over the world, thousands of animals are used for wildlife tourism. People travel to watch monkey shows, hug baby tigers and swim with dolphins. It might look like fun, but there are reports that animals are hurt now and again. The World Animal Protection (WAP) says that up to 550,000 wild animals are exposed (暴露) to ill treatment around the world; in Cambodia, for example, it’s been reported that elephants have died after carrying tourists for long in hot weather. This is getting attention --- over 100 travel companies have promised that they will no longer open up such places. However, some people argue that animal tourism isn’t always as bad as it seems. So what do you think?
41．How many wild animals are facing bad treatment according to WAP?
A．More than 100. B．Hundreds. C．Thousands. D．About 550,000.
42．The underlined words “such places” refer to (指) the places for .
A．foreign travelers B．sick elephants C．wildlife protection D．animal tourism
43．What opinion do the two groups have in common?
A．Animals can live wherever they like. B．Wildlife should be protected.
C．Animal tourism supports poor people. D．Wildlife is well looked after.
44．“Group Yes” suggests that people should not disturb animals .
A．in Cambodia B．in travel companies
C．in real life D．in poor areas
45．What is the text mainly about?
A．Ways of protecting rare species. B．Different opinions on wildlife tourism.
C．How to bring tourists enjoyment. D．Whether to collect information on wildlife.
【答案】41．D42．D43．B44．C45．B
【解析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述野生动物旅游业给野生动物造成的影响以及针对是否要发展野生动物旅游业给出的两种观点。
41．细节理解题。根据The World Animal Protection (WAP) says that up to 550,000 wild animals are exposed (暴露) to ill treatment around the world可知，根据WAP，超过550000的动物面对不好的对待，故选D。
42．词义猜测题。根据This is getting attention --- over 100 travel companies have promised that they will no longer open up such places可知，这引起了人们的关注——100多家旅游公司承诺将不再开设此类旅游场所。再根据However, some people argue that animal tourism isn’t always as bad as it seems可知，然而，一些人认为动物旅游并不总是像看起来的那么糟糕。所以such place指的是动物旅游业，故选D。
43．细节理解题。根据The way animals are treated is often cruel and causes much pain.Even if treated well,they can’t act in the same way as they would in the wild以及It is enjoyable and educational for people to communicate with the wonderful animals. The more people know about them, the more they want to protect them可知，动物们被对待的方式是残忍的并且造成巨大的疼痛，尽管他们被对待地很好，但是他们不能像在野外那样行动；对于人们来说，和动物交流是有趣的和有教育意义的，关于动物，人们知道地越多，他们就越想保护动物。所以两者都提到了保护野生动物，故选B。
44．细节理解题。根据There’s no need to disturb them in real life可知，在现实生活中没有必要打扰他们，故选C。
45．主旨大意题。根据全文可知，主要讲述如今动物旅游业很发达，以及针对野生旅游业发展的不同观点，故选 B。
（2019·福建·中考真题）
One pleasant evening, I was holding Grandpa’s hand and taking a walk in the park. “Where are the peanuts? Give me now!” He suddenly said. How I wished I had some with me! “William, the monkeys are taking long to come out today. Wait till they smell the peanuts.” I knew he was lost in one of his memories again. I remembered the stories he told me of how he fed the monkeys when he was a kid. Then, he saw the goldfish! He acted as if he was seeing them for the first time.
Poor Grandpa! He fell ill with Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔茨海默症) last year. The doctor said it was a progressive brain disorder which could destroy ( 破 坏 ) a person’s memory. The patient might also not be able to make reasonable judgments (判断). The saddening part was that it was a lifelong disease. But when my parents invited him to stay with us, he refused and said he liked living alone. One day, he forgot to turn off the fire after cooking porridge. Luckily, one of the neighbors came to help him before the fire could spread.
It was then that my parents brought Grandpa to live with us. Often, he would forget my name and ask me who I was and what I was doing in his house. Each time I would answer softly, “It’s me, Ray, Grandpa!” Even if he had forgotten who I was, he would always be my beloved grandfather.
46．What did Grandpa want to do in the park?
A．Eat peanuts. B．Smell flowers. C．Feed monkeys. D．Tell stories.
47．What would happen to Grandpa according to the doctor?
A．His brain wouldn’t need examinations. B．His memory could get better.
C．He might not judge things correctly. D．He had to live by himself.
48．After getting to Grandpa’s, the neighbor .
A．turned off the fire B．cooked porridge
C．shared the meal D．spread some news
49．Why did the writer’s parents bring Grandpa to live with them?
A．To make sure of his safety. B．To help him remember their names.
C．To answer his questions in time. D．To get his help with the housework.
50．Which of the following best describes the writer?
A．Smart. B．Caring. C．Honest. D．Brave.
【答案】46．C
47．C
48．A
49．A
50．B
【解析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述爷爷得了阿尔兹海默症和我们住在一起时我和爷爷之间的事情。
46．细节理解题。根据William, the monkeys are taking long to come out today. Wait till they smell the peanuts可知，威廉姆，猴子今天花了很长时间才出来，等到他们闻到花生的味道，所以爷爷想在公园里喂猴子。故选C。
47．细节理解题。根据The doctor said it was a progressive brain disorder which could destroy ( 破 坏 ) a person’s memory. The patient might also not be able to make reasonable judgments可知，医生说这是一种进步性的大脑紊乱，能够破坏一个人的记忆，患者也不能做出合理的判断。所以他不能正确地判断事情，故选C。
48．细节理解题。根据One day, he forgot to turn off the fire after cooking porridge. Luckily, one of the neighbors came to help him before the fire could spread可知，一天，在煮完粥后他忘记关火，幸运地是，在大火蔓延前，一个邻居帮助了他。所以，邻居到他家帮他关了火。故选A。
49．推理判断题。根据One day, he forgot to turn off the fire after cooking porridge. Luckily, one of the neighbors came to help him before the fire could spread可知，一天，在煮完粥后他忘记关火，幸运地是，在大火蔓延前，一个邻居帮助了他。所以，邻居到他家帮他关了火。所以作者的父母将爷爷带来和他们住在一起是为了确保他的安全，故选A。
50．推理判断题。根据Often, he would forget my name and ask me who I was and what I was doing in his house. Each time I would answer softly, “It’s me, Ray, Grandpa!” Even if he had forgotten who I was, he would always be my beloved grandfather可知，他经常忘记我的名字并且问我是谁，为什么在他的家里，每次我都轻声地说“爷爷，是我，雷”。尽管他已经忘了我是谁，但是他永远都是我挚爱的爷爷，所以可以推断出我是体贴的，故选B。
【点睛】
细节理解题是考试时经常考查的一个题型。做细节理解题时，首先要先读题干，划题干中的关键词，再根据关键词定位至文中即可找到正确答案。例如第2题，题干关键词为according to the doctor定位至The doctor said it was a progressive brain disorder which could destroy ( 破 坏 ) a person’s memory. The patient might also not be able to make reasonable judgments可知，医生说这是一种进步性的大脑紊乱，能够破坏一个人的记忆，患者也不能做出合理的判断。所以他不能正确地判断事情，故选C。
（2018·福建·中考真题）My interest in cooking started when I was 11, partly thanks to my mother. She didn’t really like cooking and when she did cook, I didn’t like her food. Once I was watching something about cooking on TV and I thought I could do this, so I went to the bookstore and looked for the biggest cookbook I could find.
During a year, I had produced most of its recipes (食谱) and was ready for a bigger challenge (挑战). I wanted to create my own dishes and I started cooking for more people than just my family. To my joy, my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen. I did much cooking to test my dishes in it and my skill improved quickly. Later, my mom and I set up a dinner club that organized monthly events inside my home. Now as a teen chef (主厨), I have also cooked in top-class restaurants around the country. I am not doing it for the money, but because I love cooking.
Now I know that when you stop caring whether you’ll be famous or do well, your dream will come to you.
51．The writer is now ________.
A．a TV star B．a news reporter
C．a well-known bookseller D．a good chef
52．What made the writer begin to cook?
A．His parents wish. B．The customers’ advice.
C．His mother s delicious food. D．The information about cooking on TV.
53．After producing most of the recipes in the cookbook, the writer wanted to ________.
A．take cooking lessons B．write his cookbook
C．make new dishes of his own D．open a restaurant
54．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to (指代) “________”.
A．the bookstore B．a test kitchen C．a dinner club D．the country
55．What is important for the writer?
A．Finding a good job. B．Making lots of money.
C．Doing what he loves. D．Becoming famous.
【答案】51．D52．D53．C54．B55．C
【解析】
本文讲述了我因为一个电视节目引发了我学习做饭的欲望，到后来我虽然是一个十几岁的孩子的，但是我却是一个很棒的厨师。通过这个故事告诉我们，当我们不在乎是否会成功或是否会做的好时，我们的梦想正在向我们靠近。
51．细节理解题。根据文中Now as a teen chef (主厨), I have also cooked in top-class restaurants around the country.可知，作者现在是个十几岁的厨师，故选D。
52．细节理解题。根据文中Once I was watching something about cooking on TV and I thought I could do this, so I went to the bookstore and looked for the biggest cookbook I could find.
可知是一次电视节目引起了我做饭的欲望。故选D。
53．细节理解题。根据During a year, I had produced most of its recipes (食谱) and was ready for a bigger challenge (挑战). I wanted to create my own dishes可知制作了书中大部分菜谱之后，我决定自己更大的挑战，我想创造自己的菜肴，结合选项故选C。
54．词义猜测题。根据it所在的原文To my joy, my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen. I did much cooking to test my dishes in it and my skill improved quickly. 另我惊讶的是我的父母允许我建造一个实验厨房，我在那里实验了我的很多菜肴，并且我的厨艺也增长了很多，所以这里的it指的是实验厨房，故选B。
55．推理判断题。通过阅读最后一段Now I know that when you stop caring whether you’ll be famous or do well, your dream will come to you.可知作者并没有在意是否会成功，做饭只是他的一个爱好，所以对作者来说重要的是做自己喜欢的事情，故选C。
【点睛】
做题前首先要通读短文，读懂文章大意。前3题是细节理解题，分别从文章具体细节判断答案。最后一题是推理判断题，文章并没有直接给出答案，需要根据文章去推测，一般一篇记叙文的最后一段会对文章进行总结以及表达出作者的某种思想或情感，所以认真阅读最后一段很重要。通过阅读文章及其最后一段，我们知道做饭是作者的爱好，而非工作及其它需要，故选C。
（2022·福建福州·二模）
From: vincentlee@126.com
To: Cindy; Martin; Neil; Rita; Walt; Elliot
Date: May 25th
Subject: You Are Invited!
Hello, Sandra’s dearest friends,June 2nd is Sandra’s 25th birthday. Sandra has been our best friend for a long time. For this wonderful friend, I plan to have a different party to celebrate her special day. We all know that Sandra is a big fan of Detective (侦探) Conan, so the party is named Who Took Away the Ring.
Everyone that is coming to the party will be given a role and the role’s script (剧本). So, if you decide to join us, you will have to prepare a costume for your role. For example, if you play a waitress, you’ll have to dress up as a waitress to the party and then talk to the other people playing roles according to the script. During the party, you’ll join us in finding out who took away the queen’s ring.
The party will be held at Jade Hotel at 7 p. m. on June 2nd. Lots of delicious foods and drinks will be prepared, so there’s no need to worry about getting hungry or thirsty. Please tell us if you’d like to join the party before-the end of this month.
Best wishes Vincent Lee
56．Cindy is ________ .A．Sandra’s friend B．Sandra’s sister C．a waitress D．a detective
57．If Martin decides to go to the party, he needs to ________ .
A．act at the party B．decorate a party room
C．bring some food D．invite more friends
58．According to the text, Vincent Lee ________ .
A．is a big fan of Detective Conan
B．tries to find out who took away the ring
C．is preparing a special party for Sandra
D．will join a party at the end of May
59．When is the latest time for Sandra’s friends to decide whether to join the party?
A．May 25th. B．May 31th. C．June 1th. D．June 2nd.
60．The e-mail is ________ .
A．a love letter B．an invitation letter C．a business letter D．a thank-you letter
【答案】56．A57．A58．C59．B60．B
【解析】
本文是一封电子邮件，是一封邀请函，邀请Sandra的朋友们来参加她的生日聚会，介绍了聚会的时间，地点及活动内容。
56．细节理解题。根据文中“To: Cindy; Martin; Neil; Rita; Walt; Elliot”及“Hello, Sandra’s dearest friends,”可知，Cindy是Sandra的朋友之一。故选A。
57．细节理解题。根据文中“Everyone that is coming to the party will be given a role and the role’s script (剧本).可知，如果Martin决定去参加聚会，他需要参加聚会表演。故选A。
58．细节理解题。根据文中“From: vincentlee@126.com”及“For this wonderful friend, I plan to have a different party to celebrate her special day.”可知，Vincent Lee正在为桑德拉准备一个特别的派对。故选C。
59．细节理解题。根据文中“The party will be held at Jade Hotel at 7 p. m. on June 2th.”及“Please tell us if you’d like to join the party before-the end of this month.”可知，是否参加聚会的最晚时间是5月31日。故选B。
60．推理判断题。通读整篇短文可知，根据这封电子邮件是写给Sandra的朋友们是否来参加她的生日聚会，可知这是一封邀请函，故选B。
（2022·福建省同安第一中学模拟预测）
Robots as we know them started out as science fiction. But how are they changed from fiction into fact? Let’s take a short tour down the development of robots.
A Shakey start
In 1954, Unimate, a large robotic arm, became the world’s first industrial robot. For a long time, robots were only found in factories or laboratories. Shakey, developed between 1966 and 1972, was the world’s first mobile intelligent robot. Shakey’s software has since led to robotic cleaners and self-driving cars.
Helping hands
Eventually, robots found their way into homes and classrooms. In 1999, the Japanese company Sony released a robotic pet dog called Aibo. Then, in 2006, a French company introduced a robot called NAO, which is used by schools around the world to help teachers with lessons.
Out of this world
Robots have become an important part of space missions. Recently, the Curiosity Rover robot from a space agency is exploring the surface of Mars. The International Space Station has a human-like robot called Robonaut 2 (R2) that performs a series of repair tasks so that the astronauts (宇航员) have more time to focus on scientific research.
Into the future
Some people fear that robots will take too many jobs away from humans, which is called automation. According to studies, up to 20 million factory jobs worldwide could be taken by robots in the next 10 years. However, some experts think that the use of robots will allow businesses to create more jobs than have been lost. Meanwhile, the coronavirus pandemic (新冠肺炎) has shown how robots and humans can work together. In Singapore, a robotic dog called Spot has been used to help enforce social distancing. Looking ahead, whether it’s in education, entertainment or space research, robots will play a big part in the future of humanity.
61．The world’s first industrial robot was ________.
A．Unimate B．Shakey C．Aibo D．NAO
62．Robonaut 2 is a robot that ________.
A．explores the surface of Mars B．looks like a pet dog
C．does repair work for astronauts D．focuses on scientific research
63．What does the underline word “automation” in the last paragraph probably mean in Chinese? ________
A．自动化 B．规模化 C．人工化 D．信息化
64．The author’s attitude towards the role of robots in the future is ________.
A．hopeful B．worried C．uncertain D．doubtful
65．What is the text mainly about? ________
A．What robots can do. B．How robots develop.
C．Who invented robots. D．Why robots are useful.
【答案】61．A62．C63．A64．A65．B
【解析】
本文主要介绍了机器人的发展历程。
61．细节理解题。根据“In 1954, Unimate, a large robotic arm, became the world’s first industrial robot.”可知，世界上第一个工业机器人是Unimate。故选A。
62．细节理解题。根据“The International Space Station has a human-like robot called Robonaut 2 (R2) that performs a series of repair tasks...”可知，机器人Robonaut 2是帮助宇航员做维修任务的。故选C。
63．词义猜测题。根据“Some people fear that robots will take too many jobs away from humans, which is called...”可知，用机器人取代人完成工作应该被称为“自动化”，automation表示“自动化”。故选A。
64．推理判断题。根据“Looking ahead, whether it’s in education, entertainment or space research, robots will play a big part in the future of humanity.”可知，作者认为未来无论是在教育、娱乐还是太空研究领域，机器人都将发挥重要作用。由此推测，作者对机器人未来角色的态度是充满希望的。故选A。
65．主旨大意题。根据“Let’s take a short tour down the development of robots.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了机器人是如何发展起来的。故选B。
（2022·福建南平·二模）Anderson “Andi” Musser, age 11, created a “store” called the Kindness Closet in her elementary school. It’s a place where kids in need can choose a few new or nearly new clothing items to own — at no charge. We asked Andi to tell us about it.
What gave you this idea?
A friend of mine wore a lot of hand-me-down clothes from her older brothers. She said she wished she had some girl clothing to wear to school. I had some things that were too small for me to wear in my closet, so I gave them to her at school the next day.
She was so happy, and I thought. Can we do this for more people in my school? I mentioned it to my teacher, who suggested I talk to the headmaster. The headmaster loved the idea and let me set up the store in a big closet by his office.
How do you stock it?
I wrote to local businesses and sent the letters in person to explain my idea and ask for donations. They were very willing to help. I also get monetary (货币的) donations to buy certain clothing items or sizes we may need. Once a week during break, I go in to sort, fold, and hang donations. Some friends help me.
Who uses the Closet?
Teachers suggest kids who could use it, or kids can ask themselves. It’s all very private so no one feels funny about it. We want kids to feel happy about getting something!
66．What does Andi do?
A．A teacher. B．A reporter. C．A student. D．A businessman.
67．Who made Andi have the idea of creating the Kindness Closet?
A．A friend of hers. B．Her friend’s brother. C．Her teacher. D．Her headmaster.
68．What does Andi do in the Closet once a week?
a. Sort donations. b. Washing the clothes. c. Fold or hang donations. d. Buy clothing items.
A．ab B．ac C．bc D．cd
69．Which of the following description of the Kindness Closet is TRUE?
A．It is really a store to sell clothes.
B．There are only old clothing items in it.
C．Kids in need only pay a little for the clothes in it.
D．It is near the headmaster’s office in Anderson’s school.
70．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Clothing Donations B．A Closet Full of Kindness
C．A Closet of Girl Clothing D．How to Use the Kindness Closet
【答案】66．C67．A68．B69．D70．B
【解析】
本文通过采访“友好衣橱”的创始人Andi，介绍了该项目的灵感来源和运作方式。
66．细节理解题。根据Andi的叙述“I mentioned it to my teacher”可知，他是一名学生。故选C。
67．细节理解题。根据“A friend of mine wore a lot of hand-me-down clothes from her older brothers...”和“She was so happy, and I thought, can we do this for more people in my school?”可知，Andi的一个朋友想穿一些女孩儿应穿的衣服，于是Andi把自己小了的衣服给了她，是这个朋友启发了Andi“友好衣橱”的想法。故选A。
68．细节理解题。根据“Once a week during break, I go in to sort, fold, and hang donations.”可知，Andi每周去店里分类、折叠、挂起捐赠的衣物，ac符合原文。故选B。
69．推理判断题。根据“The headmaster loved the idea and let me set up the store in a big closet by his office.”可知，“友好衣橱”在校长办公室旁边，D项正确。故选D。
70．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文围绕“友好衣橱”展开，介绍了它的灵感来源和运作方式，B项“充满善意的衣橱”最适合做标题。故选B。
（2022·福建福州·二模）I don’t know what’s wrong with my brain. My memory started to become shockingly complete in 1974, when I was eight years old. From 1980 on, it has been near perfect. Give me a date from that year forward, and I can immediately tell you what day of the week it was, what I did on that day, and what happened on that day.
I can recall memories at will. But my remembering, in fact, is not under my control. My memories automatically (自动地) flash forward and backward in my head through the years of my life. What does it feel like? Well, just imagine this: Someone started to make videos of you when you were a child, and has been continuously following you around all day, every day. This person has placed all of these videos onto a single DVD, and you are being forced to watch it over and over again. There you are as a ten-year-old in your living room watching your favorite TV program. Then, suddenly, you’re on the beach during a family vacation when you were twelve. I never know what I might remember next.
As I grew up, a great many new memories were being stored in my brain, with more and more of them endlessly flashing through my mind. I became a prisoner to my own memory. My mother would tell me not to care so much about the past. I’d try to explain that I didn’t really care about the past. The memories just flooded my mind. But nobody could understand me.
My greatest hope now is that scientists will discover something about my brain in the near future. I hope their findings will help them learn more about the human mind.
71．The writer’s special ability became almost perfect when she was ________ years old.
A．8 B．10 C．12 D．14
72．We can learn from the text that the writer ________.
A．cannot tell one person from another
B．cannot remember anything about the past.
C．can say what will happen in the near future
D．can recall what exactly happened on each past day
73．How did the writer feel about her special ability?
A．Proud. B．Warm. C．Painful. D．Shameful.
74．The writer’s mother ________.
A．knew what was wrong with her brain
B．couldn’t understand her problem
C．cared little about the past
D．solved her problem
75．The writer now hopes scientists will ________.
A．discover her amazing ability
B．help her become a normal person
C．explain the mystery and control her memories
D．research her brain to learn more about the human mind
【答案】71．D72．D73．C74．B75．D
【解析】
本文主要讲述了作者拥有惊人的记忆力，但这让她很烦扰，她希望科学家能够研究她的大脑来帮助人们更多地了解人类的思维。
71．推理判断题。根据“My memory started to become shockingly complete in 1974, when I was eight years old. From 1980 on, it has been near perfect.”可知，1974年的时候是8岁，那么1980年时14岁；故选D。
72．细节理解题。根据“Give me a date from that year forward, and I can immediately tell you what day of the week it was, what I did on that day, and what happened on that day.”可知，能回忆起过去每一天发生的事情；故选D。
73．推理判断题。根据“I became a prisoner to my own memory. My mother would tell me not to care so much about the past. I’d try to explain that I didn’t really care about the past. The memories just flooded my mind. But nobody could understand me.”可知，作者认为自己是记忆的囚徒，由此可见很痛苦；故选C。
74．细节理解题。根据“My mother would tell me not to care so much about the past.”和“But nobody could understand me.”可知，作者的妈妈无法理解她的问题；故选B。
75．细节理解题。根据“I hope their findings will help them learn more about the human mind.”可知，希望科学家研究她的大脑来帮助人们更多地了解人类的思维；故选D。
专题07 阅读理解
（2022·福建·中考真题）
On the afternoon of March 23, 2022, Chinese astronauts on board China’s Tiangong space station gave a science lesson 400 kilometers above Earth. It was a great success. Do you still remember the first space lesson hosted by Wang Yaping in 2013? Helped by the other two astronauts, she gave the lesson to more than 60 million school children all over the country.
While watching the science lesson from the Tiangong-1 on the morning of June 20, 2013, Wang Lutian, a 10-year-old disabled student at a special school in downtown Beijing, was drawing a colorful rocket with crayons in his classroom. “Moon…stars…a rocket to the sky,” Wang explained his work in a cheerful voice. At that time, he and more than 100 other disabled students were enjoying the lesson given by Wang Yaping, who talked about movements in micro-gravity（微重力）environments. “Zero gravity!” Qian Shaohong, another student at the school, shouted when he saw astronaut Nie Haisheng making a show of crossing his legs in mid-air. “Scientific knowledge has helped open a window for the children to know about the world,” said Zhang Yini, a teacher at the school.
The lesson also increased interest in space science among teenagers living on the “roof (屋脊) of the world”. “I was most interested in the presentation of the ‘water ball’ in a gravity-free environment. It’s really amazing,” said Rigzin Jigme Doje, a high school student in Lhasa, Tibet. Describing himself as a lover of physics, Doje said the lesson helped him stay true to his dream of becoming a physicist.
The lesson also encouraged other Tibetan school children to relate the mysterious world of outer space to their hometown.
1．The space lesson in 2013 was for ________.
A．Chinese astronauts B．Chinese teachers
C．school children in China D．scientists all over China
2．Which picture shows Nie Haisheng’s body movement according to the text?
A． B． C． D．
3．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．Wang Yaping’s talk on micro-gravity environments.
B．The influence of the space lesson on the disabled students.
C．The efforts of the disabled students in a special school.
D．A 10-year-old student’s dream of sending a rocket to the sky.
4．What do we know about Rigzin Jigme Doje?
A．He liked drawing stars. B．He talked a lot about his work.
C．He was a primary school student. D．He was fond of physics.
5．After watching the space lesson, the Tibetan students ________.
A．had a new view of their high schools
B．got an amazing “water ball” in space
C．increased an understanding of the roof of the world
D．developed a deep interest in the world of outer space
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．D
【解析】
本文讲述太空课堂对残疾儿童及西藏的学生的积极影响。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Do you still remember the first space lesson hosted by Wang Yaping in 2013? Helped by the other two astronauts, she gave the lesson to more than 60 million school children all over the country.”可知，2013年太空课堂是开给中国的学校的学生的。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段“astronaut Nie Haisheng making a show of crossing his legs in mid-air”，可知聂海胜在半空展示了交叉腿。A选项图片符合。故选A。
3．段落大意题。根据“Wang Lutian, a 10-year-old disabled student at a special school in downtown Beijing…he and more than 100 other disabled students were enjoying the lesson”及“Scientific knowledge has helped open a window for the children to know about the world”可知，第二段主要讲述的是太空课对残疾孩子的影响。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Describing himself as a lover of physics, Doje said the lesson helped him stay true to his dream of becoming a physicist”可知，Rigzin Jigme Doje喜欢物理。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The lesson also increased interest in space science among teenagers living on the ‘roof of the world’”及最后一段“The lesson also encouraged other Tibetan school children to relate the mysterious world of outer space to their hometown”可知，看了太空课之后，西藏的学生增长了对太空科学的兴趣，把家乡和外太空联系起来了，可推断发展了对于外太空的浓厚兴趣。故选D。
（2022·福建·中考真题）Success is often considered to be the opposite of failure. To teenagers, it is the achievement of a goal or completion of something they really need, such as good grades and the ability to get along well with their classmates. Some schools used to agree with most parents who measured (判定) the success of their children according to grades, but now they pay special attention to moral (道德的) education and character-building to make sure teenagers achieve success in building human relationships.
Schools give chances to students to discover their hidden ability so that they can enjoy some form of success. For example, those good at speaking skills are advised to take part in speech competitions while those interested in arts are expected to perform in front of their classmates. Teenagers also get the pleasure of success when they join their favorite clubs.
Teenagers are often told that success is not easy to achieve and that success lies in hard work. Great efforts have to be put into project work. Doing things much later than planned should be avoided as this will lead to a mountain of work which finally makes them nervous. Another good quality (品质) is a sense of responsibility which makes them remember that a task has to be completed.
Sticking to moral values is the key to success too. Honest teenagers will win the trust of friends leading to good relationships. Self-motivation (自我激励) is another quality to be developed, for self-motivated teenagers will have the strong will and drive to perform a task and finally get to enjoy a sense of achievement.
6．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 refer to (指代)?
A．Their classmates. B．Some schools. C．Most parents. D．Their children.
7．Why are students given chances to take part in activities?
A．To get good grades. B．To improve speaking ability.
C．To express their love for arts. D．To get the pleasure of success.
8．What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A．Project work makes teenagers nervous.
B．Good qualities will lead to a happy life.
C．Teenagers are advised to complete tasks in time.
D．Taking responsibility will make work much easier.
9．What is important for making students strong minded?
A．Honesty. B．Self-motivation. C．Communication. D．Friends’ trust.
10．What can be the best title for the text?
A．The Value of Moral Education B．The Key to Discovering Hidden Ability
C．The Meaning of Success to Teenagers D．The Way to Communicate with Others
【答案】6．B7．D8．C9．B10．C
【解析】
本文主要介绍了现今老师和学校更加关注道德教育和性格塑造，以确保青少年在建立人际关系方面取得成功，同时介绍了帮助孩子们获得成功的关键是什么。
6．词义猜测题。根据“Some schools used to agree with most parents who measured (判定) the success of their children according to grades, but now they pay special attention to moral (道德的) education and character-building”可知，一些学校过去同意大多数家长用成绩来衡量孩子的成功，但现在他们特别重视道德教育和性格塑造，所以they指代前文提到的some schools，故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据“Teenagers also get the pleasure of success when they join their favorite clubs”可知，参加活动是为了获得成功的乐趣，故选D。
8．推理判断题。根据“Another good quality (品质) is a sense of responsibility which makes them remember that a task has to be completed”可知，如果孩子们有责任感，这会让他们记得要按时完成任务，故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据“Self-motivation (自我激励) is another quality to be developed, for self-motivated teenagers will have the strong will and drive to perform a task and finally get to enjoy a sense of achievement”可知，自我激励的青少年会有坚强的意志，故选B。
10．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文围绕“success成功”这一个词展开描述，介绍了成功对于孩子们的意义，以及成功的关键，所以C选项“成功对青少年的意义”符合本文标题，故选C。
（2022·福建·中考真题）Anna Brown was an artist who believed that it was important to help others. When she heard of a summer camp for children with serious illnesses, she came up with an idea. It cost money for these kids to go to the camp, so Anna decided to see what she could do to help. It was impossible for her to donate (捐赠) a lot of money, so she had to think of another way.
She wanted to take advantage of her love of art. So she started making and selling beautiful cards to raise money for these kids. Because these cards were all handmade, it would take her a long time to make a lot of them. So Anna had another idea. She started inviting friends to her house to help her make the cards. At first her friends were hesitant. Many said that they were not artistic and didn’t know how to make cards. But once they saw the beautiful materials that she had in her workroom, her friends felt more comfortable doing things such as drawing and cutting in order to make a new card.
But the materials were expensive. To make money without spending money, Anna asked for and got donations of paper, glue, scissors, and other things from nearby stores. She sold her cards for three dollars each in different art markets during the year. Anna raised more than $30,000 in her 10 years making cards.
11．What was Anna?
A．An artist. B．A doctor. C．A worker. D．A teacher.
12．What did Anna invite her friends to do?
A．Sell cards. B．Make cards. C．Buy materials. D．Donate materials.
13．What does the underlined word “hesitant” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?
A．坐立不安的 B．犹豫不决的 C．兴高采烈的 D．心甘情愿的
14．Where did Anna sell her handmade cards?
A．In her house. B．In her workroom. C．In nearby stores. D．In art markets.
15．Which of the following can best describe Anna?
A．Kind-hearted. B．Polite. C．Brave. D．Humorous.
【答案】11．A12．B13．B14．D15．A
【解析】
本文讲述了Anna Brown利用手工制作卡片进行售卖，来为重病儿童举办夏令营筹钱的故事。
11．细节理解题。根据“Anna Brown was an artist”可知，Anna Brown是一位艺术家。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“She started inviting friends to her house to help her make the cards.”可知，她邀请朋友们来家里来制作卡片。故选B。
13．词义猜测题。根据“Many said that they were not artistic and didn’t know how to make cards.”可知，一开始，朋友们说他们没有艺术，不知道如何制作卡片，应是很犹豫的。所以可推断出划线词“hesitant”意为“犹豫不决的”。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据“She sold her cards for three dollars each in different art markets during the year.”可知，是在艺术市场出售手工卡片。故选D。
15．推理判断题。通读全文可知，Anna Brown为了给重病儿童参加夏令营筹钱，想出了制作手工卡片筹钱这一方法，体现了Anna Brown是很善良，很热心肠的。故选A。
（2022·福建·中考真题）
Welcome to School Dance Club
Are you tired of sitting too long? Do you want to be healthier? Join the School Dance Club and move your body!
Choice of dances: folk, modern, pop, etc.
Level of difficulty: Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3
Teachers:
Helen White
— 13 years of teaching experience
— Graduated from International Master Dance School
John Smith
— First prize winner of “Dancers on Stage” for 4 years starting from 2016
Ken Power
— Skilled in different kinds of dance, especially in “fusion (融合)” dance
Who to join: Aged 12~15
If you would like to be one of us, please kindly fill in the form and send it to Maria Cooper’s office before 18th March.
16． The Dance Club best suits those who want to ________.
A．be healthier B．be quiet C．sing folk songs D．learn pop music
17．How many levels of difficulty does the Dance Club offer?
A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4.
18．If you want to learn “fusion” dance, you can choose ________.
A．Helen White B．John Smith C．Ken Power D．Maria Cooper
19．Who can join the Dance Club?
A．Teachers with rich experience. B．Teachers good at dancing.
C．Students aged 10. D．Students aged 13.
20．The text is probably a ________.
A．poster B．diary C．poem D．report
【答案】16．A17．C18．C19．D20．A
【解析】
本文介绍了学校舞蹈俱乐部的相关信息。
16．细节理解题。根据“Do you want to be healthier? Join the School Dance Club and move your body!”可知舞蹈俱乐部最适合那些想要更健康的人，故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据“Level of difficulty: Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3”可知困难级别有三级，故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“Ken Power—Skilled in different kinds of dance, especially in “fusion (融合)” danc”可知如果你想学习“融合”舞蹈，你可以选择Ken Power。故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据“Who to join: Aged 12~15”可知年龄在12至15岁的人可以参加，故选D。
20．推理判断题。通读全文可知文章介绍了学校舞蹈俱乐部的相关信息，所以可能在海报上看见，故选A。
（2021·福建·中考真题）If you have to describe yourself to someone else, what will you say? It can be difficult to see yourself from the outside, but knowing who you are, namely self-awareness, can help you understand feelings and make friendships closer.
Self-awareness means having a good understanding of our own character, that is, having the ability to see ourselves clearly. If you’re self-aware, you may know that you love playing an instrument because you do well in it, and music makes you happy, or that you prefer watching TV on your own because it helps you relax.
Knowing what you like and dislike, what you do well in and what you find difficult allows you to make better decisions about friendships, schoolwork and so on. You learn to trust your own feelings more, which builds confidence (信心). The World Health Organization says self - awareness is one of ten important life skills that help young people live happier, healthier lives. Being self - aware doesn’t mean only thinking of yourself. By understanding your own feelings, you will better understand other people too.
How do you learn to be self-aware? It’s a good way to ask questions. But ask yourself questions that start with “What” instead of “Why” . So if you don’t understand why you keep arguing with a friend, ask yourself what you disagree on instead of why you’re arguing.
Learning to be more self-aware is a skill, which means you learn it as you grow. So be bold and try out new things, like playing a new sport or listening to different kinds of music. Don’t be afraid to dislike something—discovering what you find difficult is a key part of learning more about yourself.
21．What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A．What self-awareness is B．What true happiness is
C．How to find true happiness D．How to develop self - awareness.
22．Knowing yourself is important because __________.
A．it’ll make you think more of yourself
B．it’ll make you perform better at school
C．it’ll help you learn how to ask proper questions
D．it’ll help you have a better understanding of others
23．What does the underlined word “bold” in the last paragraph probably mean in Chinese?
A．努力的 B．自豪的 C．大胆的 D．耐心的
24．What’s one of the keys to becoming more self-aware?
A．Being in high spirits. B．Discovering your weak points.
C．Having a taste for pleasant music. D．Learning to get along well with others.
25．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．It can be hard for you to know yourself well from others.
B．It takes a lot of time and energy to develop close friendships.
C．It is important and necessary for you to make a right decision.
D．It is a must to stick to your opinions when arguing with others.
【答案】21．A22．D23．C24．B25．A
【解析】
本文介绍了自我意识是什么，它的重要性以及如何学会自我意识。
21．主旨大意题。根据“Self-awareness means having a good understanding of our own character”可知，第二段主要介绍了什么是自我意识，故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据“By understanding your own feelings, you will better understand other people too”可知，因为这会帮助你更好地理解别人，故选D。
23．词义猜测题。根据“ try out new things”可知，这句话是建议人们要大胆尝试新事物，所以bold表示“大胆的”，故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据“Don’t be afraid to dislike something—discovering what you find difficult is a key part of learning more about yourself”可知，变得更有自我意识的关键是发现自己的弱点，故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据“It can be difficult to see yourself from the outside”可知，你很难从别人那里很好地了解自己，A表述正确，故选A。
（2021·福建·中考真题）Ten-year-old Orion Jean has always known that kindness is important. He often practiced it by volunteering with his family. Last year, after entering the National Kindness Speech Competition, he became crazy about it. Now he works to spread kindness everywhere through projects that help others. He calls his campaign (活动) the Race to Kindness.
When a teacher told him about the competition, Orion had only 24 hours to write, memorize, and record his speech. In it, he talked about the importance of kindness. “Kindness is like spreading hugs around the world.” Orion said. He encouraged listeners to join him in doing small, kind acts for others.
Orion’s speech won the competition. He used his $ 500 prize to support his first Race to Kindness project, a toy drive for a local children’s hospital. He collected 619 toys. After that, Orion wanted to make an even bigger impact (影响). Working with others, he packed meal bags for people in need with a kind message in each bag. Orion also organized several events in his community. In all, he collected more than 100,000 meals!
Orion believes that everyone wins this race. He says, “If you’re kind to someone else, it can make their day brighter and inspire them to pass on kindness. And then it just grows and grows, and it can make the world a better place. ”
26．Why did Orion start his campaign?
A．To spread kindness B．To win the competition
C．To take part in a race D．To volunteer with his family
27．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?
A．The competition B．The world. C．His speech D．His campaign
28．Which of the following has something to do with Orion's campaign?
A． B．
C． D．
29．What did Orion do for his campaign?
A．Joined in a competition B．Recorded his speech
C．Built a hospital D．Collected over 100, 000 meals
30．What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．One is never too old to learn.
C．Believing in yourself is the first step to success.
D．Roses given to others, sweet smell left in your hand.
【答案】26．A27．C28．B29．D30．D
【解析】
本文介绍了一位10岁的孩子Orion从小就知道善良的重要性，他通过一场比赛来传播善良的重要性，并鼓励听众一起多做善事，他坚信如果你善待他人，这会让他们的生活更美好，并激励他们传递善意。然后它就会不断增长，它会让世界变得更美好。
26．细节理解题。根据“Now he works to spread kindness everywhere through projects that help others”可知，他是为了传播善良，故选A。
27．词义猜测题。根据“Orion had only 24 hours to write, memorize, and record his speech”及“In it, he talked about the importance of kindness”可知，在这场演讲里，他谈论了善良的重要性，所以it指代“His speech”，故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“Now he works to spread kindness everywhere through projects that help others. He calls his campaign (活动) the Race to Kindness”可知，这个活动是为了传播善良的重要性，也就是与帮助他人有关，四个选项中只有B是帮助他人的图片，故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“In all, he collected more than 100,000 meals!”可知，他为活动所做的是共收集了10万多餐饭，故选D。
30．主旨大意题。根据“If you’re kind to someone else, it can make their day brighter and inspire them to pass on kindness. And then it just grows and grows, and it can make the world a better place”可知，最后一段表达的是如果你善待他人，别人也会将这个善意传播下去，这一点一点的积累会让世界变得更美好，用“送人玫瑰，手留余香”概括最符合，故选D。
（2020·福建·中考真题）
When Claire Vlases of Montana was in Grade 7, she learned about plans to modernize her middle school. Claire asked the school board（董事会）to add solar panels to the project because, she explained, clean energy would be helpful to a really modern school.
The board liked the idea but said it could offer just $ 25,000-one-fifth of the cost. So Claire organized a group of kids and grown-ups who set to work raising the rest. They sold their second-hand books, put on talent shows and asked for donations（捐赠）, even going door-to-door for them. One donated more than half the cost!
After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now provide one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs-saving the neighborhood thousands of dollars. “My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community,” Claire said. “There are always going to be hard parts. When there’s a challenge（挑战）presented to you, you can learn from it and use it as chance to overcome it.”
31．After knowing the project was still in need of money, Claire ________.
A．raised $ 25,000 B．asked for more help
C．sold old newspapers D．donated half the cost
32．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph2 refer to（指代）?
A．Solar panels. B．Second-hand books.
C．Shows. D．Donations.
33．Which picture shows the change of the electricity cost after the use of solar panels?
A． B．
C． D．
34．From Claire’s words in the last paragraph, we learn that ________.
A．hard work was her favorite B．the project went smoothly
C．a small thing makes a big difference D．solar panels cost a lot
35．What would be the best title for the text?
A．A Dependent Girl B．A Modern School
C．Don’t Waste Energy D．Never Give Up
【答案】31．B32．D33．C34．C35．D
【解析】
学校安装太阳能电池板时资金不足，克莱尔为了帮助学校安装太阳能电池板，自己组织了一群孩子和成年人，他们坚持不懈，寻求帮助，经过两年的艰苦努力以后，太能能电池板成功安装，并为学校和社区节省了大量的资金。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段中“So Claire organized a group of kids and grown-ups who set to work raising the rest.”可知，在得知这个项目还需要钱的时候，克莱尔组织了一群孩子和成年人去筹集这个项目还需要的钱，也就是说克莱尔寻求了更多的帮助。故选B。
32．词意猜测题。Solar panels.太阳能电池板。Second-hand books.二手书。Shows.演出。Donations.捐款。根据上文中“They sold their second-hand books, put on talent shows and asked for donations.”可知，他们通过出售二手书，举办才艺表演来获得捐款，所以此处them代指上文中donations，表示“他们甚至通过挨家挨户的方式来获得捐款”。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段中“which now provide one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs-saving the neighborhood thousands of dollars”可知，太阳能电池板现在提供了学校四分之一的电力需求，为社区节省了数千美元，也就是说安装了太阳能电池板以后，费用在逐步降低，结合图示可知C项正确。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community”可知，克莱尔最喜欢这个项目的部分是，一个人可以开始一些小的事情，然后这个项目可以扩大，并对社区有很大的影响，也就是说“一件小事就会有重大的影响”。故选C。
35．选择最佳标题。根据全文内容可知，克莱尔为了帮助学校安装太阳能电池板，自己组织了一群孩子和成年人，他们坚持不懈，永不放弃，经过两年的艰苦努力以后，太能能电池板成功安装，并为学校和社区节省了大量的资金，所以文章最佳标题为Never Give Up永不放弃。故选D。
（2020·福建·中考真题）Frank and his brother Jack lived near the ocean. Frank was outgoing while Jack was shy. They liked doing different things. Frank was famous for organizing games of beach volleyball, football, and any other sport imaginable. Jack preferred to draw, paint, or build sandcastles（沙堡）.
Frank didn't understand why Jack would rather do artistic things than play ball. He believed sports often allowed many kids to play together. That was when Jack's idea hatched. He would show Frank what doing things together looked like!
After Jack finished creating a special sandcastle with stairs, towers and walls, he took pictures of it. Then he painted colorful posters featuring（突出）his sandcastle and the question, "Can you top this?" He hung his posters everywhere in town, announcing his plan for a day of sandcastle artistry-all ages welcome.
When Frank saw poster, he not so nicely told Jack that no one would come. Still, shortly after sunrise on Saturday, Jack was on the beach digging in the sand. By mid-morning, four kids were sculpting（雕塑）the sand alongside him. By noon the number had increased a lot.
After Frank came back from his ball game, he went to check how his brother's plan turned out. He couldn't believe what he saw. At least 30 people were building a city of sandcastles, and everyone was chatting and laughing and working together! It was the most beautiful thing he had seen on the beach.
"I guess you've proved me wrong," Frank said. "You should make this sandcastle day a yearly tradition!" Handing Frank a shovel（铲子）with smile, Jack got started together with his brother on their super creation in the sand.
36．What does the underlined word "hatched" in Paragraph 2 probably mean in Chinese?
A．产生 B．改变 C．消失 D．中断
37．What helped people know about Jack's plan?
A．Beautiful towers. B．Colorful posters.
C．A town building. D．A sandcastle day.
38．When learning about Jack's plan, Frank was ________.
A．doubtful B．interested C．satisfied D．nervous
39．What can we know about Jack's idea?
A．It came from picture. B．It needed 30 people's support.
C．It proved Frank right. D．It did work well.
40．Which of the following best describes Jack?
A．Honest. B．Creative. C．Outgoing. D．Caring.
【答案】36．A37．B38．A39．D40．B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述杰克为了让弗兰克知道大家一起工作的乐趣，张贴海报通知大家建沙堡的计划；起初弗兰克对此计划持怀疑态度；但是结果至少30个人参加了建沙堡，大家一起工作的很开心；最后弗兰克和杰克一起也加入其中。
36．词义猜测题。根据第二段“He would show Frank what doing things together looked like”可知此处指的是杰克的想法产生了。hatched的意思是“产生”。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据第三段“He hung his posters everywhere in town, announcing his plan for a day of sandcastle artistry-all ages welcome”可知海报让人们知道了杰克的计划。故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据第四段“When Frank saw poster, he not so nicely told Jack that no one would come”可知弗兰克对杰克的计划持怀疑态度。故选A。
39．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“At least 30 people were building a city of sandcastles, and everyone was chatting and laughing and working together! It was the most beautiful thing he had seen on the beach”以及最后一段“Handing Frank a shovel with smile, Jack got started together with his brother on their super creation in the sand”至少30人参加而且弗兰克也加入了，可知杰克的计划运行正常，很起作用。故选D。
40．推理判断题。杰克为了让弗兰克知道大家一起工作的乐趣，用张贴海报通知大家建沙堡的计划，期初弗兰克对此持怀疑态度，但是结果证明至少30个人参加了建沙堡，大家一起工作的很开心。最后弗兰克和杰克一起也加入其中。由此可推断杰克很有创造力，故选B。
（2019·福建·中考真题）All over the world, thousands of animals are used for wildlife tourism. People travel to watch monkey shows, hug baby tigers and swim with dolphins. It might look like fun, but there are reports that animals are hurt now and again. The World Animal Protection (WAP) says that up to 550,000 wild animals are exposed (暴露) to ill treatment around the world; in Cambodia, for example, it’s been reported that elephants have died after carrying tourists for long in hot weather. This is getting attention --- over 100 travel companies have promised that they will no longer open up such places. However, some people argue that animal tourism isn’t always as bad as it seems. So what do you think?
41．How many wild animals are facing bad treatment according to WAP?
A．More than 100. B．Hundreds. C．Thousands. D．About 550,000.
42．The underlined words “such places” refer to (指) the places for .
A．foreign travelers B．sick elephants C．wildlife protection D．animal tourism
43．What opinion do the two groups have in common?
A．Animals can live wherever they like. B．Wildlife should be protected.
C．Animal tourism supports poor people. D．Wildlife is well looked after.
44．“Group Yes” suggests that people should not disturb animals .
A．in Cambodia B．in travel companies
C．in real life D．in poor areas
45．What is the text mainly about?
A．Ways of protecting rare species. B．Different opinions on wildlife tourism.
C．How to bring tourists enjoyment. D．Whether to collect information on wildlife.
【答案】41．D42．D43．B44．C45．B
【解析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述野生动物旅游业给野生动物造成的影响以及针对是否要发展野生动物旅游业给出的两种观点。
41．细节理解题。根据The World Animal Protection (WAP) says that up to 550,000 wild animals are exposed (暴露) to ill treatment around the world可知，根据WAP，超过550000的动物面对不好的对待，故选D。
42．词义猜测题。根据This is getting attention --- over 100 travel companies have promised that they will no longer open up such places可知，这引起了人们的关注——100多家旅游公司承诺将不再开设此类旅游场所。再根据However, some people argue that animal tourism isn’t always as bad as it seems可知，然而，一些人认为动物旅游并不总是像看起来的那么糟糕。所以such place指的是动物旅游业，故选D。
43．细节理解题。根据The way animals are treated is often cruel and causes much pain.Even if treated well,they can’t act in the same way as they would in the wild以及It is enjoyable and educational for people to communicate with the wonderful animals. The more people know about them, the more they want to protect them可知，动物们被对待的方式是残忍的并且造成巨大的疼痛，尽管他们被对待地很好，但是他们不能像在野外那样行动；对于人们来说，和动物交流是有趣的和有教育意义的，关于动物，人们知道地越多，他们就越想保护动物。所以两者都提到了保护野生动物，故选B。
44．细节理解题。根据There’s no need to disturb them in real life可知，在现实生活中没有必要打扰他们，故选C。
45．主旨大意题。根据全文可知，主要讲述如今动物旅游业很发达，以及针对野生旅游业发展的不同观点，故选 B。
（2019·福建·中考真题）
One pleasant evening, I was holding Grandpa’s hand and taking a walk in the park. “Where are the peanuts? Give me now!” He suddenly said. How I wished I had some with me! “William, the monkeys are taking long to come out today. Wait till they smell the peanuts.” I knew he was lost in one of his memories again. I remembered the stories he told me of how he fed the monkeys when he was a kid. Then, he saw the goldfish! He acted as if he was seeing them for the first time.
Poor Grandpa! He fell ill with Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔茨海默症) last year. The doctor said it was a progressive brain disorder which could destroy ( 破 坏 ) a person’s memory. The patient might also not be able to make reasonable judgments (判断). The saddening part was that it was a lifelong disease. But when my parents invited him to stay with us, he refused and said he liked living alone. One day, he forgot to turn off the fire after cooking porridge. Luckily, one of the neighbors came to help him before the fire could spread.
It was then that my parents brought Grandpa to live with us. Often, he would forget my name and ask me who I was and what I was doing in his house. Each time I would answer softly, “It’s me, Ray, Grandpa!” Even if he had forgotten who I was, he would always be my beloved grandfather.
46．What did Grandpa want to do in the park?
A．Eat peanuts. B．Smell flowers. C．Feed monkeys. D．Tell stories.
47．What would happen to Grandpa according to the doctor?
A．His brain wouldn’t need examinations. B．His memory could get better.
C．He might not judge things correctly. D．He had to live by himself.
48．After getting to Grandpa’s, the neighbor .
A．turned off the fire B．cooked porridge
C．shared the meal D．spread some news
49．Why did the writer’s parents bring Grandpa to live with them?
A．To make sure of his safety. B．To help him remember their names.
C．To answer his questions in time. D．To get his help with the housework.
50．Which of the following best describes the writer?
A．Smart. B．Caring. C．Honest. D．Brave.
【答案】46．C
47．C
48．A
49．A
50．B
【解析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述爷爷得了阿尔兹海默症和我们住在一起时我和爷爷之间的事情。
46．细节理解题。根据William, the monkeys are taking long to come out today. Wait till they smell the peanuts可知，威廉姆，猴子今天花了很长时间才出来，等到他们闻到花生的味道，所以爷爷想在公园里喂猴子。故选C。
47．细节理解题。根据The doctor said it was a progressive brain disorder which could destroy ( 破 坏 ) a person’s memory. The patient might also not be able to make reasonable judgments可知，医生说这是一种进步性的大脑紊乱，能够破坏一个人的记忆，患者也不能做出合理的判断。所以他不能正确地判断事情，故选C。
48．细节理解题。根据One day, he forgot to turn off the fire after cooking porridge. Luckily, one of the neighbors came to help him before the fire could spread可知，一天，在煮完粥后他忘记关火，幸运地是，在大火蔓延前，一个邻居帮助了他。所以，邻居到他家帮他关了火。故选A。
49．推理判断题。根据One day, he forgot to turn off the fire after cooking porridge. Luckily, one of the neighbors came to help him before the fire could spread可知，一天，在煮完粥后他忘记关火，幸运地是，在大火蔓延前，一个邻居帮助了他。所以，邻居到他家帮他关了火。所以作者的父母将爷爷带来和他们住在一起是为了确保他的安全，故选A。
50．推理判断题。根据Often, he would forget my name and ask me who I was and what I was doing in his house. Each time I would answer softly, “It’s me, Ray, Grandpa!” Even if he had forgotten who I was, he would always be my beloved grandfather可知，他经常忘记我的名字并且问我是谁，为什么在他的家里，每次我都轻声地说“爷爷，是我，雷”。尽管他已经忘了我是谁，但是他永远都是我挚爱的爷爷，所以可以推断出我是体贴的，故选B。
【点睛】
细节理解题是考试时经常考查的一个题型。做细节理解题时，首先要先读题干，划题干中的关键词，再根据关键词定位至文中即可找到正确答案。例如第2题，题干关键词为according to the doctor定位至The doctor said it was a progressive brain disorder which could destroy ( 破 坏 ) a person’s memory. The patient might also not be able to make reasonable judgments可知，医生说这是一种进步性的大脑紊乱，能够破坏一个人的记忆，患者也不能做出合理的判断。所以他不能正确地判断事情，故选C。
（2018·福建·中考真题）My interest in cooking started when I was 11, partly thanks to my mother. She didn’t really like cooking and when she did cook, I didn’t like her food. Once I was watching something about cooking on TV and I thought I could do this, so I went to the bookstore and looked for the biggest cookbook I could find.
During a year, I had produced most of its recipes (食谱) and was ready for a bigger challenge (挑战). I wanted to create my own dishes and I started cooking for more people than just my family. To my joy, my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen. I did much cooking to test my dishes in it and my skill improved quickly. Later, my mom and I set up a dinner club that organized monthly events inside my home. Now as a teen chef (主厨), I have also cooked in top-class restaurants around the country. I am not doing it for the money, but because I love cooking.
Now I know that when you stop caring whether you’ll be famous or do well, your dream will come to you.
51．The writer is now ________.
A．a TV star B．a news reporter
C．a well-known bookseller D．a good chef
52．What made the writer begin to cook?
A．His parents wish. B．The customers’ advice.
C．His mother s delicious food. D．The information about cooking on TV.
53．After producing most of the recipes in the cookbook, the writer wanted to ________.
A．take cooking lessons B．write his cookbook
C．make new dishes of his own D．open a restaurant
54．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to (指代) “________”.
A．the bookstore B．a test kitchen C．a dinner club D．the country
55．What is important for the writer?
A．Finding a good job. B．Making lots of money.
C．Doing what he loves. D．Becoming famous.
【答案】51．D52．D53．C54．B55．C
【解析】
本文讲述了我因为一个电视节目引发了我学习做饭的欲望，到后来我虽然是一个十几岁的孩子的，但是我却是一个很棒的厨师。通过这个故事告诉我们，当我们不在乎是否会成功或是否会做的好时，我们的梦想正在向我们靠近。
51．细节理解题。根据文中Now as a teen chef (主厨), I have also cooked in top-class restaurants around the country.可知，作者现在是个十几岁的厨师，故选D。
52．细节理解题。根据文中Once I was watching something about cooking on TV and I thought I could do this, so I went to the bookstore and looked for the biggest cookbook I could find.
可知是一次电视节目引起了我做饭的欲望。故选D。
53．细节理解题。根据During a year, I had produced most of its recipes (食谱) and was ready for a bigger challenge (挑战). I wanted to create my own dishes可知制作了书中大部分菜谱之后，我决定自己更大的挑战，我想创造自己的菜肴，结合选项故选C。
54．词义猜测题。根据it所在的原文To my joy, my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen. I did much cooking to test my dishes in it and my skill improved quickly. 另我惊讶的是我的父母允许我建造一个实验厨房，我在那里实验了我的很多菜肴，并且我的厨艺也增长了很多，所以这里的it指的是实验厨房，故选B。
55．推理判断题。通过阅读最后一段Now I know that when you stop caring whether you’ll be famous or do well, your dream will come to you.可知作者并没有在意是否会成功，做饭只是他的一个爱好，所以对作者来说重要的是做自己喜欢的事情，故选C。
【点睛】
做题前首先要通读短文，读懂文章大意。前3题是细节理解题，分别从文章具体细节判断答案。最后一题是推理判断题，文章并没有直接给出答案，需要根据文章去推测，一般一篇记叙文的最后一段会对文章进行总结以及表达出作者的某种思想或情感，所以认真阅读最后一段很重要。通过阅读文章及其最后一段，我们知道做饭是作者的爱好，而非工作及其它需要，故选C。
（2022·福建福州·二模）
From: vincentlee@126.com
To: Cindy; Martin; Neil; Rita; Walt; Elliot
Date: May 25th
Subject: You Are Invited!
Hello, Sandra’s dearest friends,June 2nd is Sandra’s 25th birthday. Sandra has been our best friend for a long time. For this wonderful friend, I plan to have a different party to celebrate her special day. We all know that Sandra is a big fan of Detective (侦探) Conan, so the party is named Who Took Away the Ring.
Everyone that is coming to the party will be given a role and the role’s script (剧本). So, if you decide to join us, you will have to prepare a costume for your role. For example, if you play a waitress, you’ll have to dress up as a waitress to the party and then talk to the other people playing roles according to the script. During the party, you’ll join us in finding out who took away the queen’s ring.
The party will be held at Jade Hotel at 7 p. m. on June 2nd. Lots of delicious foods and drinks will be prepared, so there’s no need to worry about getting hungry or thirsty. Please tell us if you’d like to join the party before-the end of this month.
Best wishes Vincent Lee
56．Cindy is ________ .A．Sandra’s friend B．Sandra’s sister C．a waitress D．a detective
57．If Martin decides to go to the party, he needs to ________ .
A．act at the party B．decorate a party room
C．bring some food D．invite more friends
58．According to the text, Vincent Lee ________ .
A．is a big fan of Detective Conan
B．tries to find out who took away the ring
C．is preparing a special party for Sandra
D．will join a party at the end of May
59．When is the latest time for Sandra’s friends to decide whether to join the party?
A．May 25th. B．May 31th. C．June 1th. D．June 2nd.
60．The e-mail is ________ .
A．a love letter B．an invitation letter C．a business letter D．a thank-you letter
【答案】56．A57．A58．C59．B60．B
【解析】
本文是一封电子邮件，是一封邀请函，邀请Sandra的朋友们来参加她的生日聚会，介绍了聚会的时间，地点及活动内容。
56．细节理解题。根据文中“To: Cindy; Martin; Neil; Rita; Walt; Elliot”及“Hello, Sandra’s dearest friends,”可知，Cindy是Sandra的朋友之一。故选A。
57．细节理解题。根据文中“Everyone that is coming to the party will be given a role and the role’s script (剧本).可知，如果Martin决定去参加聚会，他需要参加聚会表演。故选A。
58．细节理解题。根据文中“From: vincentlee@126.com”及“For this wonderful friend, I plan to have a different party to celebrate her special day.”可知，Vincent Lee正在为桑德拉准备一个特别的派对。故选C。
59．细节理解题。根据文中“The party will be held at Jade Hotel at 7 p. m. on June 2th.”及“Please tell us if you’d like to join the party before-the end of this month.”可知，是否参加聚会的最晚时间是5月31日。故选B。
60．推理判断题。通读整篇短文可知，根据这封电子邮件是写给Sandra的朋友们是否来参加她的生日聚会，可知这是一封邀请函，故选B。
（2022·福建省同安第一中学模拟预测）
Robots as we know them started out as science fiction. But how are they changed from fiction into fact? Let’s take a short tour down the development of robots.
A Shakey start
In 1954, Unimate, a large robotic arm, became the world’s first industrial robot. For a long time, robots were only found in factories or laboratories. Shakey, developed between 1966 and 1972, was the world’s first mobile intelligent robot. Shakey’s software has since led to robotic cleaners and self-driving cars.
Helping hands
Eventually, robots found their way into homes and classrooms. In 1999, the Japanese company Sony released a robotic pet dog called Aibo. Then, in 2006, a French company introduced a robot called NAO, which is used by schools around the world to help teachers with lessons.
Out of this world
Robots have become an important part of space missions. Recently, the Curiosity Rover robot from a space agency is exploring the surface of Mars. The International Space Station has a human-like robot called Robonaut 2 (R2) that performs a series of repair tasks so that the astronauts (宇航员) have more time to focus on scientific research.
Into the future
Some people fear that robots will take too many jobs away from humans, which is called automation. According to studies, up to 20 million factory jobs worldwide could be taken by robots in the next 10 years. However, some experts think that the use of robots will allow businesses to create more jobs than have been lost. Meanwhile, the coronavirus pandemic (新冠肺炎) has shown how robots and humans can work together. In Singapore, a robotic dog called Spot has been used to help enforce social distancing. Looking ahead, whether it’s in education, entertainment or space research, robots will play a big part in the future of humanity.
61．The world’s first industrial robot was ________.
A．Unimate B．Shakey C．Aibo D．NAO
62．Robonaut 2 is a robot that ________.
A．explores the surface of Mars B．looks like a pet dog
C．does repair work for astronauts D．focuses on scientific research
63．What does the underline word “automation” in the last paragraph probably mean in Chinese? ________
A．自动化 B．规模化 C．人工化 D．信息化
64．The author’s attitude towards the role of robots in the future is ________.
A．hopeful B．worried C．uncertain D．doubtful
65．What is the text mainly about? ________
A．What robots can do. B．How robots develop.
C．Who invented robots. D．Why robots are useful.
【答案】61．A62．C63．A64．A65．B
【解析】
本文主要介绍了机器人的发展历程。
61．细节理解题。根据“In 1954, Unimate, a large robotic arm, became the world’s first industrial robot.”可知，世界上第一个工业机器人是Unimate。故选A。
62．细节理解题。根据“The International Space Station has a human-like robot called Robonaut 2 (R2) that performs a series of repair tasks...”可知，机器人Robonaut 2是帮助宇航员做维修任务的。故选C。
63．词义猜测题。根据“Some people fear that robots will take too many jobs away from humans, which is called...”可知，用机器人取代人完成工作应该被称为“自动化”，automation表示“自动化”。故选A。
64．推理判断题。根据“Looking ahead, whether it’s in education, entertainment or space research, robots will play a big part in the future of humanity.”可知，作者认为未来无论是在教育、娱乐还是太空研究领域，机器人都将发挥重要作用。由此推测，作者对机器人未来角色的态度是充满希望的。故选A。
65．主旨大意题。根据“Let’s take a short tour down the development of robots.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了机器人是如何发展起来的。故选B。
（2022·福建南平·二模）Anderson “Andi” Musser, age 11, created a “store” called the Kindness Closet in her elementary school. It’s a place where kids in need can choose a few new or nearly new clothing items to own — at no charge. We asked Andi to tell us about it.
What gave you this idea?
A friend of mine wore a lot of hand-me-down clothes from her older brothers. She said she wished she had some girl clothing to wear to school. I had some things that were too small for me to wear in my closet, so I gave them to her at school the next day.
She was so happy, and I thought. Can we do this for more people in my school? I mentioned it to my teacher, who suggested I talk to the headmaster. The headmaster loved the idea and let me set up the store in a big closet by his office.
How do you stock it?
I wrote to local businesses and sent the letters in person to explain my idea and ask for donations. They were very willing to help. I also get monetary (货币的) donations to buy certain clothing items or sizes we may need. Once a week during break, I go in to sort, fold, and hang donations. Some friends help me.
Who uses the Closet?
Teachers suggest kids who could use it, or kids can ask themselves. It’s all very private so no one feels funny about it. We want kids to feel happy about getting something!
66．What does Andi do?
A．A teacher. B．A reporter. C．A student. D．A businessman.
67．Who made Andi have the idea of creating the Kindness Closet?
A．A friend of hers. B．Her friend’s brother. C．Her teacher. D．Her headmaster.
68．What does Andi do in the Closet once a week?
a. Sort donations. b. Washing the clothes. c. Fold or hang donations. d. Buy clothing items.
A．ab B．ac C．bc D．cd
69．Which of the following description of the Kindness Closet is TRUE?
A．It is really a store to sell clothes.
B．There are only old clothing items in it.
C．Kids in need only pay a little for the clothes in it.
D．It is near the headmaster’s office in Anderson’s school.
70．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Clothing Donations B．A Closet Full of Kindness
C．A Closet of Girl Clothing D．How to Use the Kindness Closet
【答案】66．C67．A68．B69．D70．B
【解析】
本文通过采访“友好衣橱”的创始人Andi，介绍了该项目的灵感来源和运作方式。
66．细节理解题。根据Andi的叙述“I mentioned it to my teacher”可知，他是一名学生。故选C。
67．细节理解题。根据“A friend of mine wore a lot of hand-me-down clothes from her older brothers...”和“She was so happy, and I thought, can we do this for more people in my school?”可知，Andi的一个朋友想穿一些女孩儿应穿的衣服，于是Andi把自己小了的衣服给了她，是这个朋友启发了Andi“友好衣橱”的想法。故选A。
68．细节理解题。根据“Once a week during break, I go in to sort, fold, and hang donations.”可知，Andi每周去店里分类、折叠、挂起捐赠的衣物，ac符合原文。故选B。
69．推理判断题。根据“The headmaster loved the idea and let me set up the store in a big closet by his office.”可知，“友好衣橱”在校长办公室旁边，D项正确。故选D。
70．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文围绕“友好衣橱”展开，介绍了它的灵感来源和运作方式，B项“充满善意的衣橱”最适合做标题。故选B。
（2022·福建福州·二模）I don’t know what’s wrong with my brain. My memory started to become shockingly complete in 1974, when I was eight years old. From 1980 on, it has been near perfect. Give me a date from that year forward, and I can immediately tell you what day of the week it was, what I did on that day, and what happened on that day.
I can recall memories at will. But my remembering, in fact, is not under my control. My memories automatically (自动地) flash forward and backward in my head through the years of my life. What does it feel like? Well, just imagine this: Someone started to make videos of you when you were a child, and has been continuously following you around all day, every day. This person has placed all of these videos onto a single DVD, and you are being forced to watch it over and over again. There you are as a ten-year-old in your living room watching your favorite TV program. Then, suddenly, you’re on the beach during a family vacation when you were twelve. I never know what I might remember next.
As I grew up, a great many new memories were being stored in my brain, with more and more of them endlessly flashing through my mind. I became a prisoner to my own memory. My mother would tell me not to care so much about the past. I’d try to explain that I didn’t really care about the past. The memories just flooded my mind. But nobody could understand me.
My greatest hope now is that scientists will discover something about my brain in the near future. I hope their findings will help them learn more about the human mind.
71．The writer’s special ability became almost perfect when she was ________ years old.
A．8 B．10 C．12 D．14
72．We can learn from the text that the writer ________.
A．cannot tell one person from another
B．cannot remember anything about the past.
C．can say what will happen in the near future
D．can recall what exactly happened on each past day
73．How did the writer feel about her special ability?
A．Proud. B．Warm. C．Painful. D．Shameful.
74．The writer’s mother ________.
A．knew what was wrong with her brain
B．couldn’t understand her problem
C．cared little about the past
D．solved her problem
75．The writer now hopes scientists will ________.
A．discover her amazing ability
B．help her become a normal person
C．explain the mystery and control her memories
D．research her brain to learn more about the human mind
【答案】71．D72．D73．C74．B75．D
【解析】
本文主要讲述了作者拥有惊人的记忆力，但这让她很烦扰，她希望科学家能够研究她的大脑来帮助人们更多地了解人类的思维。
71．推理判断题。根据“My memory started to become shockingly complete in 1974, when I was eight years old. From 1980 on, it has been near perfect.”可知，1974年的时候是8岁，那么1980年时14岁；故选D。
72．细节理解题。根据“Give me a date from that year forward, and I can immediately tell you what day of the week it was, what I did on that day, and what happened on that day.”可知，能回忆起过去每一天发生的事情；故选D。
73．推理判断题。根据“I became a prisoner to my own memory. My mother would tell me not to care so much about the past. I’d try to explain that I didn’t really care about the past. The memories just flooded my mind. But nobody could understand me.”可知，作者认为自己是记忆的囚徒，由此可见很痛苦；故选C。
74．细节理解题。根据“My mother would tell me not to care so much about the past.”和“But nobody could understand me.”可知，作者的妈妈无法理解她的问题；故选B。
75．细节理解题。根据“I hope their findings will help them learn more about the human mind.”可知，希望科学家研究她的大脑来帮助人们更多地了解人类的思维；故选D。
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