(新高考)高考英语二轮复习课时精炼考向64 七选五之复现、替代、逻辑和连贯与试题解答(2份打包，解析版+原卷版)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语二轮复习课时精炼考向64 七选五之复现、替代、逻辑和连贯与试题解答(2份打包，解析版+原卷版)，文件包含新高考高考英语二轮复习课时精炼考向64七选五之复现替代逻辑和连贯与试题解答解析版doc、新高考高考英语二轮复习课时精炼考向64七选五之复现替代逻辑和连贯与试题解答原卷版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共30页， 欢迎下载使用。
考向64 七选五复现、替代、逻辑和连贯与试题解答策略1　核心词复现法【考法再现】1. 2020·全国卷Ⅲ·片段　体裁：说明文　主题语境：人与社会—风俗________  Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn't a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.A. This isn't usual though.B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.D. If you're lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.答案与解析　B　根据空后第二句中的关键词“a gift registry”和空后第三句中的“a good housewarming gift”可知，该段介绍的是与礼物相关的内容。故正确选项应含有与housewarming和gift相关的词汇，锁定选项B和D。又该段列举了参加聚会所带的礼物，如厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加乔迁聚会带礼物有关，故B项“带礼物去参加乔迁聚会是一种传统”概括了本段内容，引出下文，故选B。【策略微点】技巧依据介绍段落主旨时， 常会有核心词的复现，但不是词语的简单重复，而是核心词以同义词、近义词或不同词性的词等形式出现。在做题时，注意选项中出现的与原文意思相同、相近或相反的词汇。【策略图解】　核心词复现法 策略2　代词指代法【考法再现】2. 2020·全国卷Ⅲ·片段　体裁：说明文　主题语境：人与社会—风俗Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift.  ________  Now most homes have central heating and don't use fires to keep warm.A. This isn't usual though.B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.D. If you're lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.答案与解析　G　代词指代法解题。上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据“bring firewood to a new home as a gift”可知，人们会带柴火作为礼物，本空应承接上文说明带柴火的目的和作用：取暖。G项“这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖”符合语境。选项G中的this指代上一句中提到的“bring firewood”。3. 2019·全国卷Ⅱ·片段　体裁：说明文　主题语境：人与自我—认识自我、完善自我You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. __①__ So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity (清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward.Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. __②__ They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.A. This can affect your work.B. So how should you motivate yourself?C. However, this should not discourage you.D. So why should we try to set specific goals?E. They can change according to circumstances.F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.G. Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.答案与解析　①A　根据空前一句尤其是该句中的your work这一关键信息可推断，A项“这会影响到你的工作”符合语境，且A项中的指示代词This指代前文内容，此外，空后一句“So, slow down and think...”提出了应对方法，因此设空处应是提到空前一句产生的影响。故选A项。②E　根据空前一句“Remember that goals are flexible.”并结合选项可知，E项与此处语义一致。E项中的change according to circumstances是对flexible一词的解释，且E项中的指示代词They特指前文的goals，同时与空后一句“They also need to be measurable.”中的They相呼应。故选E项。【策略微点】技巧依据英语文章中代词出现的频率很高，代词可以用来指代前面提及的名词(短语)或句子，可借助这一线索准确解题。【策略图解】　代词指代法 策略3　逻辑关系法【考法再现】4. 2020·全国卷Ⅱ·片段　体裁：说明文　主题语境：人与社会—社会交往There is also the matter of tone (语气). Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day?  ________. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.A. Messages with emojis feel more conversationalB. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendlyC. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strangeD. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globallyE. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplaceG. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform答案与解析　B　核心词和逻辑关系法解题。该段通过正反两方面的对比，介绍沟通中的语气问题。空前一句“ Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day？”说明电子邮件带来的负面情绪；下一句从正面介绍表情符号的积极作用。结合前后正反对比的语境和设空前一句中的关键词“an email”和空后一句中的关键词“a serious note”可知，正确选项应与电子邮件的负面作用相关，故B项“即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好”进一步讲述电子邮件的负面作用，故选B。even顺承上一句并加强了语气。【策略微点】技巧依据一个段落中总有一些衔接过渡词或并列连词，如however, therefore, thus, accordingly, yet, besides, still等和and, but, so, not only ... but also ..., neither ... nor ...等。【策略图解】  逻辑关系法　策略4　相似结构线索法【考法再现】5. 2020·全国卷Ⅱ·片段　体裁：说明文　主题语境：人与社会—社会交往 ________， and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you'll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.A. Messages with emojis feel more conversationalB. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendlyC. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strangeD. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globallyE. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplaceG. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform答案与解析　F　根据空后的“and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome” 中的连词and (并且)可知，此处是并列句，根据and后的关键词“that positive outcome”和该段第二句中的关键词“your employees”“business communication”和“work culture”可知，正确选项应与表情符号对工作场所的好处相关。故选项F“研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所”符合语境。“a happier workplace”与关键词“that positive outcome”呼应。6. 2019·全国卷Ⅱ·片段　体裁：说明文　主题语境：人与自我—认识自我、完善自我　　________ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals.A. This can affect your work.B. So how should you motivate yourself?C. However, this should not discourage you.D. So why should we try to set specific goals?E. They can change according to circumstances.F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.G. Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.答案与解析　B　设空处后一句是个问句，由此可知，设空处也应是一个问句，故将答案锁定在B项和D项之间。B项中的how should you ... 与空后一句中的how should you ... 在结构上和语义上均保持一致，而D项中的why与后文内容无关。故选B项。【策略微点】技巧依据阅读七选五的体裁大多是说明文，常采用总分或总分总形式，第一段说明事物的主题，下面几段从不同角度说明问题，最后总结，各段之间多是平行关系。在文章句式的使用上，多出现相似句型。有时候设空是句子的某一部分，所以可以借助相似句型和句子结构解题。【策略图解】　相似结构线索法【检测训练】1Basically, a phone interview is the first step in the hiring process, as it gives the employer a glance of your background, personality, and overall fit for the position. 1. 1. Tell Me About YourselfMore often than not, an interviewer will begin with “tell me about yourself.”2.  You don't want to sound too rehearsed, but putting down a few notes on your background can help make this a much easier question to respond to.2. Prepare for Behavioral Questions3. While they aren't always asked on a phone interview, they can tell the interviewer a bit more about your personality without having to meet you in person.These questions, such as "teil me about a time you demonstrated leadership" are fairly common, and also easy to prepare for in advance. Take a few minutes to write down bullet points on a time you were a leader or overcame a difficulty.4. Therefore, writing down a few ideas in advance can only help get those creative juices flowing for when some unexpected questions are asked.3. Prepare to Explain Employment GapsSome individuals have employment gaps in their resume. For most, this relates to college and school breaks, etc.5. Thinking about these gaps beforehand gives you the advantage in terms of being prepared for the line of questioning.Remember that a phone interview may be the most important part, as it's going to solidify a good first impression that will help carry you throughout the rest of the process.A. Behavioral questions are huge.B. However, these gaps should be avoided if possible.C. You never know what type of question will be asked.D. These questions need you to describe your preparation for the target job.E.But sometimes this means explaining them to avoid making you look bad.F.Preparing for it requires you to describe your goals that match the position.G.With that in mind, you can prepare some well-thought-out answers for the commonly asked questions.2Two thieves came to a house to steal something. They dug a hole in the wall of the house. One of them crawled into the house while the other waited outside.There lived many mice in the house. 6. . “Look! In comes one,” she said to the man in the house. The thief was so frightened that he hurriedly crawled out of the house and said to the one waiting outside,“ She found me when I was just in.” But the thief outside didn’t believe him, so he said, “Let us two try to crawl into the house together.” 7. The woman saw the mice and shouted , “In come two. Catch them!” 8. They started running away at once.The two thieves wanted to make it clear whether they had been found or not the night before. The next day they acted as men selling sweet potatoes and came before the house. The man and the woman were ploughing in the fields. 9. . She saw two men selling sweet potatoes and wanted to buy some. 10. At the time the man couldn’t wait for her any longer in the fields and he ran back from the fields to hurry her up. The woman showed the sweet potatoes to the man and said, “How they look like the two of last night!” The man said, “I asked you to fetch a rope, why don’t you hurry for it?” The two thieves ran away very quickly without their sweet potatoes.A. The woman in the moonlight saw a mouse crawl into the house.B. The rein broke and the woman came home for a rope.C. The mice escaped quickly.D. The two thieves were terribly frightened.E.At that time two mice happened to crawl into the house too.F.She picked out two which looked like mice.G.The two men helped to catch the rope for the woman.3Before the Second World War, everyone everywhere rode their bicycles—and then with the dawn of the 1950s the automobile killed the cycling culture. In the 1960s Copenhagen was very polluted and crowded with cars. It took the city planners and politicians a long time to reclaim (恢复) the streets of Copenhagen. 11. Rush hour in Copenhagen is when 45% of the population travel by bicycle to their places of work or study each day. 12.  It looks very different there than in my home country of Canada—where there is a very low percentage of the population who ride bicycles.The environmental concern is a minor part of what encourages people to cycle in Copenhagen. 13.  Is there a linkage to cycling and why Copenhagen is often ranked the happiest city on the planet?The Danish don’t have big monuments, they have Hans Christian Andersen’s “Little Mermaid (美人鱼),” which is life-size. This captures the spirit of the city; laid back, practical and responsible. Their monuments are big wind turbines (发电机).14.  There are many other renewable energies. We just need to look around mother nature’s playground.Trees bring rain. When they sway in the wind, they purify the air. 15.  When the leaves drop to the ground, they help the soil become fertile but hold their shape for a long time—no matter how hard it rains. When you cut down trees for building, for farming, the land and rivers dry up. The springs as God made them are gone, as is every living thing found that requires water to survive.A. Now bikes outnumber cars.B. We have energy available from the wind.C. For them, it’s simply a better quality of life.D. They remove the carbon dioxide from our oxygen.E.It takes more than geography to get people cycling.F.This is the coolest bike project in the world right now.G.Cycling in Copenhagen is an important means of travel.4For decades, doctors have warned patients that too much salt can be bad for the heart. Heart attack has long been considered a grown-up problem. 16.  Eating too much salty food when you're young can lead to health problems later.Salt is made up of two elements: sodium and chlorine 伟内禾口氯）.Dietary guidelines recommend that adults and kids aged 9-13 shouldn't consume more than about a teaspoon of sodium daily. 17.  This worries doctors because too much sodium results in the body producing more blood. To pump the extra blood, the heart has to work harder. This causes a rise in blood pressure 一- a measurement of how stressed the heart is. High blood pressure often leads to heart disease.A kid with high blood pressure is more likely to become a grown-up with high blood pressure.18.  British researchers recently found that kids who eat less salt also drink fewer sugary soft drinks. Drinking fewer fizzy （碳酸）drinks makes kids less likely to gain weight, become obese and develop high blood pressure.19.  A recent study found that a growing number of kids in the US are suffering from kidney stones （肾结石）.This painful condition usually affects people aged over 40. Now, kids as young as five are getting it.Cutting down on salt can be hard, but you can retrain yourself to prefer less salty food. The best way to reduce the amount of sodium you eat is to make changes gradually. 20.  Switch to fresh foods instead of canned and bottled versions. And go easy on the condiments （调味品）.You might also want to start reading nutrition labels. You may be surprised to learn that there are 1,150 mg of sodium in a double cheeseburger, and over 2,000 mg in many frozen meals.A. Salt isn't the only cause of diseases.B. The average American eats twice this amount.C. Salt can affect more than just your heart and weight.D. Reducing salt might also help stop childhood obesity.E.But new research suggests that salt is starting to affect children.F.Start by adding half as much salt to your dinner as you normally do.G.Cutting down on salt now can lower a person's risk of heart disease.5Studying for exams long hours or repeated exposure to a stressful situation may lead to burnout(过度劳累). Suffering from burnout can result in a reduction in our creativity and productivity. 21.  Here are some tips that may help you.Increase your el-efficacy(自我效能). This means you should believe in your ability to complete a task at hand. It can help you form a feeling that the task is achievable and less tiring. An effective way is to follow a self-efficacy model. 22.  He can have a positive effect on you and make you remain optimistic and confident in your abilities.23.  Not everyone has creative aspects to their jobs, and therefore, we need to find other approaches to showing ourselves. We could paint, write or take part in local theater. All of these may help get us out of the extreme stress that may exist in our working life. Look after yourself and your surroundings. The consequence is that you are surrounded by a cleaner and more positive environment. 24.  Have a positive mental attitude towards everything you do, and you'll feel the task is less stressful. You may feel more competent as well.Schedule regular social activities. Remember when you used to spend time with friends? You were active and you had fun when you watched movies and ate meals together. You can regain some of that enjoyable experience by scheduling regular activities. 25. A. Find ways to express our creative sides.B. Burnout, however, isn't always easy to spot.C. What can we do to avoid the bad effects of burnout?D. A cycling with your partner every day will do just fine.E.This in turn makes you have healthy and positive thoughts.F.Worried that you are experiencing burnout but unsure of the symptoms?G.Simply observe a friend or colleague accomplish something meaningful.6Your dentist has probably been telling you to floss for years. 26.  36% of Americans would rather do something unpleasant, like clean the toilet, than put string between their teeth.That’s why many cheered at a news report that flossing might not be necessary. The Associated Press reviewed 25 studies and concluded that flossing didn’t have proven health benefits. Should you throw away your floss? Not so fast.27. One review of 12 studies found that people who brushed and flossed regularly were less likely to have bleeding gums. 28.  Gum disease, left untreated, can lead to shrinking gums and tooth loss. It is also linked to heart disease, and many other health conditions. “Your mouth is a mirror for the rest of your body,’ experts say.29.  Some think more bacteria left in your mouth end up in your bloodstream, where they may contribute to inflammation in other areas, like your heart. What experts do know is that people who don’t have gum disease are less likely to have health problems like heart disease.In fact, many dentists say the reason they recommend flossing isn’t because of research. 30.  “In my practice, it’s clear that people who floss daily have healthier gums and keep their teeth longer,” a dentist says. It takes less than a minute, and there’s literally no downside to doing it. But if you skip it, sooner or later you—and your dentist—will notice a difference.A. Many dental experts aren’t on board.B. There are also many benefits in flossing.C. They had lower levels of gum disease, too.D. If you’ve refused to do so, you’re not alone.E.Instead, it’s because of what they see in their patients.F.It takes seven or more years to train a professional dentist.G.The connection between gum disease and health isn’t entirely clear.7Many of us like to dine out and treat ourselves to delicious food. We are used to choosing hearty fat-filled dishes and sugar-charged desserts, which are not easily cooked at home.31.  According to Economic Daily, low-calorie, low-fat and high-fiber meals have become popular in China’s restaurants and online delivery platforms.32.  According to a report released by a major online food delivery platform, the number of light meals ordered online also rose 75 percent from the previous year.Having a light meal, however, doesn’t mean eating only vegetables. Different from the meat-free lifestyle, a typical light dish avoids oily, salty and spicy food. 33.  Healthy nutrients are the theme of the light meal.These dishes are useful for keeping healthy and controlling your weight. 34.  Diners see it as “a great way to avoid bloating (变胖),’’ wrote the Telegraph.These changes in eating behavior are connected to deeper changes in how people think about food, says Walter Willett, chair of the nutrition department at the Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health, US. “Diet quality, not quantity, is important for both weight control and long-term well-being,” Willett told The New York Times.So next time you have a party with friends, try a light meal. 35. A. So light meals have a promising future.B. People tend to choose the food that suit their taste.C. It will satisfy not only your stomachs but maybe also your hearts.D. The recent rise of light meals, however, gives diners a smarter choice.E.The country saw a rapid expansion of restaurants specializing in light meals.F.Instead, it contains things like boiled meat, whole grains, fruits and vegetables.G.That’s probably why so many people，especially millennials (千禧一代) are into them.8Ways to protect eyes from screensToo much screen time may cause serious eye strain (眼疲劳) and even a sharp decline of eyesight. That's a big problem a lot of people are faced with nowadays, especially those who work on a computer. The following tips may be helpful.Get regular eye testsExperts recommend having a comprehensive eye exam every year to detect (探测) problems before they develop. During this test, you should tell the doctor how often you use your phone and your computer. 36.  Tell your doctor about it, and your eyes can be tested more accurately at that distance.Give your eyes space37.  Studies on computer-related eye strain suggest that screens should be no closer than 40 cm from your face. If this makes it hard for you to read, consider increasing the size of the text rather than moving the screen closer.Take breaksThis may not always be practical if you're quite busy, but it's important not to stare directly at a screen for too long. 38.  While surveys have shown that many office workers take no more than half an hour a day away from their computer, it's recommended that you take a 15-minute break after every two hours spent at your screen.39. Staring at a screen continuously for hours on end may make it difficult for you to focus. To avoid this, many eye experts recommend the “20-20-20 rule” — looking away from your phone/computer screen every 20 minutes and focusing on an object at least 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds. The science behind his trick is that looking at objects at a distance relaxes the focusing muscle in the eye. 40. A. Exercise your eyes.B. Give your eyes a chance to rest.C. Make your screen more eye-friendly.D. Studies show it's an effective way to reduce tiredness.E.You should also measure the distance from your eyes to your screen at work.F.The closer your phone/computer screen is to your eyes, the harder they have to work to focus.G.Make sure that you use your phone or computer in a room where the lighting is bright enough.