(新高考)高考英语二轮提分秘籍专题五：写作（第二讲）第二节　从微观把握——低档作文华丽升级 (含详解)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语二轮提分秘籍专题五：写作（第二讲）第二节　从微观把握——低档作文华丽升级 (含详解)，共10页。试卷主要包含了打不开思维，没有具体的细节内容， well as...，增加动词－ing形式作状语，增加with复合结构作状语等内容，欢迎下载使用。
策略一 练好衡水字体——五档作文成功的保证
书写美观是你达到五档作文的先决条件，只有真正练好你的书写，才能为高考作文高分打好基础。字迹潦草、乱涂乱画的作文是永远得不了高分的。
策略二 要点内容充实——打开思维、增加细节的技巧
高考书面表达的题目，除了简短的文字说明外，要求包括几个主要内容，也就是几个关键词。题目要求增加具体细节内容，以使内容充实，行文连贯。在内容扩展上，目前存在的主要问题有：
1．细节内容与应用文所要求的主要内容无关，明显跑题；
2．打不开思维，没有具体的细节内容。
针对这些问题，可以通过增加修饰成分及举例等手段来打开思维，适当增加相关细节内容。主要有以下几种方法帮助你扩展句子，写出内容充实的应用文。当然，在同一要点下，可以用到多个方法增加细节内容。
eq \a\vs4\al\c1(通过列举或举例)
1．such
例：其次，带一个小礼物是个好主意。
Secnd, it is a gd idea t bring a small gift，such as a bunch f flwers r a bx f chclate if they have yung children.
2．fr example /instance
例：如今，我们中的一些人在校园里养成了一些坏习惯。
Nwadays, sme f us have frmed sme bad habits n campus.Fr instance, sme students leave the lights n in the daytime; sme leave much fd n the table after eating.
3． well as...
例：这项活动一定会帮助我们反思三年的学校生活。
The activity will surely help us reflect n the three years’ schl life as well as lk frward t a better jurney in the future.(2021·昆明市“三诊一模”高考模拟)
eq \a\vs4\al\c1(增加状语成分)
1．增加目的状语
例1：我们学校今天在表演中心举行了一场音乐会。
In rder t enrich the life f teachers and students as well as welcme the cming f Spring Festival, ur schl held a cncert in the perfrmance center tday.(2021·焦作市三模)
例2：想试一试的请速报名。
Whever wants t have a try, please sign up quickly s that yu dn’t miss the chance f being the winner.(2021·西安中学高三第九次模拟)
2．增加结果状语
例1：我得花很多时间做家庭作业。
I have t spend s much time n my hmewrk that I hardly have time t take sprts.(2021·西安中学高三第六次模拟)
例2：将安排一系列与环保相关的讲座。
A series f lectures related envirnmental prtectin will be arranged, thus arusing peple’s awareness f living a lw－carbn life.(2021·济宁三模)
3．增加原因状语
例：我从小就梦想当老师。
I have dreamed f being a teacher since I was a child, because I think teaching is a sacred prfessin.(2021·甘肃省第二次高考诊断)
4．增加方式状语 By ding...，...
例：但是，我们许多人都忽略了良好生活习惯的重要性。
Hwever, many f us ignre the imprtance f gd living habits by eating junk fd and staying up late.(2021·湘潭市一模)
5．增加动词－ing形式作状语
例1：欢迎对影片提出意见。
What’s mre, every ne f yu will be welcme t participate in it，enjying mvie, having a heated discussin afterwards and giving yur wn cmments.
例2：分享毕业典例活动细节。
Knwing yu’re interested in ur cming graduatin activity, I wuld like t share the details with yu.(2021·三明市“三诊一模”高考模拟)
6．增加with复合结构作状语
例：表达希望
With the Chinese Culture Cmmunicating Event appraching, I d hpe yu can have a better knwledge f Chinese tea.
eq \a\vs4\al\c1(增加定语成分)
例1：介绍名人故事
Besides, the stries f wrld－famus peple are als attractive t me，which help me learn a lt frm them.
例2：课前准备，介绍唐朝历史
Yu’d better make full preparatins befre class and have a brief understanding f the histry f Tang Dynasty，which helps yu learn mre abut Chinese traditinal culture.
eq \a\vs4\al\c1(增加个人感受、评价、希望、倡议等)
1．增加个人感受
例：虽然这个暑假我觉得很累，但我为我所做的事情感到很高兴。
Althugh I was very tired this summer hliday，I felt very happy fr what I did because I gt a knwledge f farming experience.
2．增加评价
例：我想这样的活动是必要的和有意义的。
I think such activities are necessary and meaningful，frm which I learn that we shuld help peple wh are in truble if pssible.
3．增加希望
例：我坚信这是我一生中最难忘的午餐。(2021·焦作市第四次模拟)
I hld the firm belief that it was the mst unfrgettable lunch in my life，because it made me enjy the pleasure f labr.
4．增加倡议
例：我从这次经历中学到的是，爱护和保护我们的社区是我们的责任。
What I learnt frm this experience is that it is ur duty t lve and prtect ur cmmunity.S the Chairman f ur schl suggests ur schl hld a series f activities t call n students t take actin t d it.(2021·高三英语重庆全真模拟)
【即时训练1】 根据提示增加相关细节
1．As far as I knw, Chinese traditinal culture, including__paper－cutting,__guzheng__and__s__n,__has its unique characteristics.(including)(2021·全国甲卷)
2．When I came back hme，I shared my experiences with my parents.And__they__were__very__prud__f__me．(评价)
3．And there is a wide variety f activities like__the__dragn__dance__during__the__Spring__Festival__here．(like列举)
4．At last, I hpe t play Chinese chess with yu s__that__we__can__make__prgress__tgether．(添加结果)
5．As fr me, I’m passinate abut basketball since__it__has__been__giving__me__strength__t__cnfrnt__the__challenges__in__my__life．(添加原因)
6．We teenagers shuld d what we can t prtect the envirnment and save the earth.Fr__example,__we__can__use__recyclable__bags__instead__f__plastic__bags,__refuse__t__use__single－use__prducts__and__save__energy．(fr example)
7．We hld the firm belief that the visitrs will knw mre abut Chinese traditinal culture，s__I__hpe__we__students__shuld__read__mre__bks__abut__Chinese__traditinal__culture__in__ur__spare__time．(s引导状语从句)
8．Yuan Lngping, an agricultural scientist knwn as “Father f Hybrid Rice”， develped the wrld’s first successful hybrid rice varieties, which__increased__rice__prductin__in__China．(which引导的定语从句)
(2021·西安中学高三第五次模拟)
eq \a\vs4\al()策略三 词汇升级——学会运用高级词汇
评分标准第五档次的要求中提到，“词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致”。高级词汇就像一颗颗耀眼的明珠，为作文增添光彩，从而使考生稳拿高分。
eq \a\vs4\al\c1(具体化原则)
所谓词义具体化原则是指，写作中尽量避免使用意义宽泛、模糊的词，而要根据语境使用具体生动的词。
S gd d they lk that I think yu culd be interested in them.
→S attractive and alive d they lk that I think yu culd be interested in them.(全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
eq \a\vs4\al\c1(晚词优先原则)
为了表现自己的语言功底，吸引阅卷老师的眼球，尽量用高年级阶段学到的词汇代替低年级阶段学到的词汇。
Eventually, I want t knw which aspects f Chinese traditinal culture aruse yur curisity mst.
→Eventually, I am strngly eager t knw which aspects f Chinese traditinal culture aruse yur curisity mst.(2021·全国甲卷满分作文)
eq \a\vs4\al\c1(短语优先原则)
用短语代替不仅会使文章增加亮点，而且如果关键时刻思维短路，用短语凑字是一个很好的选择。
(1)形容词变短语的方法：f＋同根名词
Furthermre, guzheng is very significant t Chinese flk music leading yu t a fantastic wrld f music.
→Furthermre, guzheng is f great significance t Chinese flk music leading yu t a fantastic wrld f music.(2021·全国甲卷满分作文)
(2)动词变短语的方法：同义短语替换
knw/realize→be aware f
help sb→give sb a hand/ d sb a favur
use→make use f/take advantage f
understand→figure ut/make sense f
If anyne helps yu，yu shuld express yur sincere gratitude t him r her.
→If anyne gives yu a hand, yu shuld express yur sincere gratitude t him r her.
【即时训练2】 用高级词汇替换加黑词语
1．Surrunded by green trees，the farm is at the ft f the hill near ur schl.
→Surrunded by green trees，the farm is__lcated__at the ft f the hill near ur schl.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
2．Aimed t help us t knw the imprtance f wrking，an activity themed “Wrking is the mst beautiful” was held last week.
→Aimed t help us t be__aware__f the imprtance f wrking，an activity themed “Wrking is the mst beautiful” was held last week.(2019·北京卷满分作文)
3．I wuld really appreciate it if yu culd cnsider my applicatin.
→I wuld really appreciate it if yu culd take__my__applicatin__int__cnsideratin．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)
4．Remember that yu shuld avid getting hurt during the training and keep a balanced diet.
→Keep__in__mind that yu shuld avid getting hurt during the training and keep a balanced diet.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
5．There stands a big stadium in ur schl，where many sprts activities are held there.
→There stands a big stadium in ur schl，where a__large__number__f sprts activities are held there.(全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)
6．I believe that ur cuntry will becme strnger and strnger.
→I__am__cnvinced__that ur cuntry will becme strnger and strnger.
eq \a\vs4\al()策略四 句式升级——学会运用高级句式
高考时，一篇书面表达中的句子如果都采用简单句，肯定不能得高分，精彩句式的合理使用会使文章读起来抑扬顿挫。固定句式(如with复合结构、强调句型等)、定语从句、现在分词短语等都属于较复杂的语法结构。这些结构的正确使用，可以使文章的语言充满层次感，从而较好地反映写作者的语言运用能力。
eq \a\vs4\al\c1(学会使用高级简单句)
1．运用介词短语
In the Spring Festival f 2021, Many peple chse t spend Spring Festival in cities where they wrk instead f returning t their hmetwns t reduce the risk f COVID－19 transmissin. (介词短语作状语)(2021·许昌高三第二次质量检测)
为了降低COVID－19传播的风险，2021年春节，很多人选择在工作的城市过春节而不是回到家乡。
2．运用不定式短语
It prvides us with a gd pprtunity t have a better cmmand f traditinal Chinese culture.(不定式短语作定语)(2021·淄博二模)
它为我们更好地了解中国传统文化提供了一个很好的机会。
3．运用分词短语
Yuth cvers a wide variety f tpics t attract senir students, leading us int the uter wrld.(现在分词短语作状语)(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ满分作文)
《青年》题材广泛，吸引高年级学生，带领我们走进外面的世界。
On arriving at the farm lcated in the suburb f ur city, sea f vegetables came int ur sight, which included cucumbers, tmates and s n.(过去分词短语作定语)(2021·滨州市二模)
一到我们城郊的农场，蔬菜的海洋就映入眼帘，有黄瓜、西红柿等。
eq \a\vs4\al\c1(学会使用高级复合句)
1．as和which引导的非限制性定语从句
定语从句有多种形式，引导词也有若干，但最容易掌握、最常运用的是as和which引导的非限制性定语从句。
(1)表达“正如……”这一含义时，我们常用as引导的非限制性定语从句，它常放在主句之前，有时也可放在主句之中或主句之后。常见的句式有：
·As we all is knwn t all...
众所周知……
·As the famus saying ges...正如名言所说……
As we all knw，ur friends lend us a helping hand when we need help and they help us get thrugh difficult situatins.
众所周知，在我们需要帮助的时候，我们的朋友会伸出援手，并且他们会帮助我们渡过困境。
(2)which 引导的非限制性定语从句
which 在引导非限制性定语从句时，可以指代某个单词，也可以代指整个主句，在从句中可以作主语或宾语。
T intrduce Chinese traditinal culture, ur schl will hld a theme class meeting, which will be exhibited n the English website.(2021·全国甲卷满分作文)
为了介绍中国传统文化，我们学校将举办一次主题班会，并在英语网站上展示。
2．what和that引导的名词性从句
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。其中what，that所引导的名词性从句是写作中常见的高级表达方式。what在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，而that在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用。
I sincerely hpe that Yuth can make new prgress and that mre readers will participate in the interactin and share their wn stres.(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ满分作文)
我真心希望《青年》能有新的进步，更多的读者参与互动，分享自己的店铺。
What yu tld me abut yur cuntry bradened my hrizns and arused my interest in freign culture.(主语从句)(2019·浙江卷满分作文)
你告诉我的关于你的国家的事情开阔了我的视野，激发了我对外国文化的兴趣。
eq \a\vs4\al\c1(学会使用特殊句式)
1．强调句型
强调句型的使用是为了突出强调句子的某一部分，它是一种比较容易掌握的高级表达方式。其构成：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/wh＋其他。
We created a harmnius atmsphere with sincerity and faithfulness.
→It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmnius atmsphere.
2．倒装句
在写作中倒装句应用比较广泛，涉及的句型也比较多，包括部分倒装和全部倒装。常见的有：
(1)“nly＋状语”置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
In cnclusin, nly by being smart nline learners can we truly enjy the benefits f mdern technlgy.(2021·全国乙卷)
总之，只有成为聪明的在线学习者，我们才能真正享受现代技术的好处。
(2)nne，neither，nr，nt，never，hardly，little，seldm等否定词，以及由n或者nt构成的否定短语，如nt als...，at n time，by n means等置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
During the walk，nt nly did we breathe the fresh air but als appreciated the fantastic surrunding views.(2021·南阳高考模拟一)
在散步的过程中，我们不仅呼吸了新鲜空气，而且欣赏了周围的美景。
(3)在结构中，当s/such...位于句首时，其后的句子用部分倒装。
In the Frest Park，s attractive was the landscape that all ur stress was relieved.(2021·咸阳市高考模拟一)
在森林公园里，风景如此迷人，我们的压力都减轻了。
【即时训练3】 用高级句式升级下列句子
1．Fr example，there are huge amunts f reference bks.I am ften cnfused t chse frm them.(定语从句)
→Fr example，there are huge amunts f reference bks frm__which__I__am__ften__cnfused__t__chse．
2．I realized the imprtance f English when I entered senir high schl.(强调句)
→It__was__when__I__entered__senir__high__schl__that__I__realized__the__imprtance__f__English.
3．The envirnment will never imprve until everybdy takes care f it.(倒装)
→Nt__until__everybdy__takes__care__f__it__will__the__envirnment__imprve.
4．There are a lt f trees and flwers in ur schl and ur schl lks like a big garden.(with复合结构)
→With__a__lt__f__trees__and__flwers__in__ur__schl，ur__schl__lks__like__a__big__garden.
5．They didn’t realize the imprtance f envirnmental prtectin until all the fish in the river died ut.
→Nt__until__all__the__fish__in__the__river__died__ut__did__they__realize__the__imprtance__f__envirnmental__prtectin.(倒装句)
→It__was__nt__until__all__the__fish__in__the__river__died__ut__that__they__realized__the__imprtance__f__envirnmental__prtectin.(强调句)