(新高考)高考英语二轮复习专练02 高频语法之形容词、副词与语法填空(2份打包，解析版+原卷版)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语二轮复习专练02 高频语法之形容词、副词与语法填空(2份打包，解析版+原卷版)，文件包含新高考高考英语二轮复习专练02高频语法之形容词副词与语法填空解析版doc、新高考高考英语二轮复习专练02高频语法之形容词副词与语法填空原卷版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共29页， 欢迎下载使用。
【技法总结】
高频考点 形容词与副词
【高考试题再现】
语法填空
1. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Accrding t a review f evidence in a medical jurnal, runners live three years (lng) than nn-runners.
2. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ) That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pund male appears. He screams the
(lud) f all.
3. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Her years f hard wrk have (final) been acknwledged after a custmer nminated(提名)her t be Cheshire’s Wman Of The Year.
4. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)But then we gt an fficial letter and we were blwn away. We are s prud f her. It’s
(wnder).
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They als shared with us many (traditin)stries abut Hawaii that were
(huge)ppular with turists.
答案：1.lnger 2.ludest 3. finally 4.wnderful 5.traditinal; hugely
【关键技法点拨】
语法填空解题策略
1. 看到空格处修饰的是名词, 要想到用形容词。
2. 看到空格处修饰的是动词、形容词、副词或整个句子, 要想到用副词。
3. 看到与than连用, 要想到用形容词或副词的比较级。
4. 看到and, r, but等并列连词前或后用的比较级, 要想到用比较级。
5. 看到语境中暗含比较含义, 要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及以上)。
【重点知识提示】
一、形容词、副词后缀
1.名词或动词转化为形容词的规律
2.区分－ed形容词与－ing形容词
解决此类问题有两个切入点：第一，看语境表示的是“令人……”(－ing)，还是“感到……”(－ed)；第二，看语境说明的是性质特征(－ing)，还是感受(－ed)。具体如下：
(1)－ing型形容词主要用于修饰事物，表示事物的性质或特征，常译为“令人……的”；修饰人时，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。
·The stry is very interesting.
这个故事很有趣。(故事本身有趣)。
·The man is very interesting.
这个人很有趣。(人本身或人的性格有趣)
(2)－ed型形容词通常用于说明人的感受，常译为“感到……的”，强调人自身的情感波动；修饰事物时，则多修饰smile(微笑)、 feeling(感觉)、 appearance(外貌)、 cry(哭)、 face(面部表情)、 vice(声音)、 md(情绪)、 lk(表情)等表示某人的情感状况的名词。
·He had a pleased smile n his face.
他脸上露出了满意的微笑。(a pleased smile意为“满意的微笑”，指某人因感到满意而露出的微笑)
·He tld me the news in a very excited vice.
他以非常激动的声音告诉了我这个消息。(a very excited vice意为“很激动的声音”，指某人因感到激动而发出的声音)
3．形容词转化为副词的规律
二、形容词与副词的基本用法
1.形容词和副词的句法功能
2.兼有两种形式的副词
其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加后缀­ly。这两种形式的副词表示的意义不同。
[提示] 下列单词以­ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively、 lnely、 lvely、 deadly、 friendly、 ugly、 silly、 likely、 brtherly、 timely等。
3．常用的连接性副词(完形中常考)
thugh一般用于句末，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折。
meanwhile意为“在此期间”，表示两个动作同时发生。
therefre/thus/cnsequently意为“因此，所以”，表示结果。
mrever/furthermre/additinally意为“此外”，表承接关系。
besides意为“另外，还有”，表示递进关系。
hwever意为“然而”，表示让步、转折，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
instead意为“相反”，表示相反的情况。
anyway/anyhw意为“尽管，即使这样”，表示让步。
三、比较级和最高级的用法
高考对形容词和副词比较等级的考查主要体现在两个方面：一是通过标志词than或表比较意义的语境推出用比较级或最高级；二是考查一些固定结构中比较级和最高级的用法。
1．比较级和最高级的构成
(1)规则形式
①单音节以及少数双音节的形容词和副词，在原级后加－er、 －est构成，如clever—cleverer—cleverest。其他特殊变化见下表：
②多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词，在原级前加mre、 mst构成。
active—mre active—mst active
happily—mre happily—mst happily
(2)不规则形式
gd/well—better—best
far—farther/further—farthest/furthest
bad/ill/badly—wrse—wrst
2．等级用法的固定句型
(1)同级比较：as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as，其否定形式是“nt as/s＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”。
(2)比较级结构：形容词/副词的比较级＋than; mre/less＋多音节或某些双音节的形容词或副词＋than。常见的修饰比较级的词有any、 much、 even、 far、 by far、 a lt、 a great deal等。
·The bk is far mre interesting than the bks I have ever read.
这本书比我以前读的书有趣多了。
(3)最高级结构： the＋形容词的最高级(＋名词)＋比较范围(in/f/amng短语)；ne f the＋形容词的最高级＋名词复数。常用来修饰最高级的词有by far、almst以及序数词等。
·Raymnd's parents wanted him t have the best pssible educatin.
雷蒙德的父母想让他接受最好的教育。
3．比较级的常用句型
(1)“比较级＋and＋比较级”或“mre and mre＋原级”表示“越来越……”。
·Hliday flight tickets are getting less and less expensive.
假期的机票越来越便宜了。
(2)“the＋比较级 ..., the＋比较级 ...”，表示“越……，越……”。
·The mre yu listen and read, the better yu write and speak.
你听得越多、读得越多，你的写作和口语就越好。
(3)“the＋比较级＋f (the)＋名词/代词”，表示“(两者中)较……的”。
·Of the tw cameras, I wuld prefer the smaller ne, which is very easy fr me t carry.
这两个照相机，我喜欢较小的一个，它容易携带。
4．比较级形式表达最高级的含义
(1)“否定词语＋比较级”或“否定词语＋such/s ... as”结构表示最高级含义。
·Yur stry is perfect; I've never heard a better ne befre.
你的故事太完美了，我从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。
(2)比较级在以下几种结构中均表示最高级含义：
①比较级＋than＋any ther＋单数名词；
②比较级＋than＋all the ther＋复数名词；
③比较级＋than＋any f the ther＋复数名词。
·The Yangtze River is lnger than any ther river/than all the ther rivers/than any f the ther rivers in China.
长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。
5．倍数表达法
常见的倍数表达句型主要有：
(1)A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B
(2)A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B
(3)A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size、 length、 height等)＋f＋B
(4)the＋名词(size、 length、 height等)＋f A＋is＋倍数＋that＋f＋B
(5)A is＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句
·Smking is harmful t peple's health, killing seven times mre peple each year than traffic accidents.
吸烟有害健康，每年因抽烟而丧命的人比死于交通事故的多7倍。
【专题训练】
1
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
English perfectly shws the “netwrk effects” f a glbal tngue: the mre peple use it, the mre useful it is. Parents expect their children 1. (master)English, which is encuraging the 2. (grw)f private schling. Educatin authrities are switching t English medium, in part t cntrl the utflw(外流) f children int the private sectr.
Teaching children in English is fine if that is 3. they speak at hme and their parents are fluent 4. it. But that is nt 5. case in mst public and lw-cst private schls. Children are taught in a language they dn’t understand by teachers 6. English is pr. The children learn neither English nr anything else.
Research shws that children learn 7. (much)when they are taught in their mther tngue than they d when they are taught in any ther language. In a study f children in 12 schls in Camern last mnth, thse taught in Km 8. (d)better than thse taught in English in all subjects.
English shuld be an imprtant subject at schl, but nt 9. (necessary)the language f instructin. Rather than switching t English-medium teaching, gvernments fearful f 10. (lse) custm (光顾) t the private sectr shuld lk at the many pssible ways f imprving public schls.
2
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Pinyin is a successful tl, which 11. (teach) in China t schl kids. It is nt merely used by westerners like us. It has prved t be a useful tl fr Chinese peple 12. (they) t learn standard prnunciatin in their early educatin.
The first step is t learn hw 13. (prnunce) each letter in pinyin crrectly and the meaning f the tne markers. Then yu have t d 14. (drill) as many as yu can. Turn that int a game. It can be 15. (much) fun than yu wuld expect. Start 16. single syllables and d that a lt and then syllable pairs. Slwly mve n t larger grups. Understand the initial, final and the tnes.
But mst imprtantly, 17. yu need is gd feedback. Yu’d better have smene that can crrect yur mistakes immediately.
Find a native Chinese, 18. can listen t yu and crrect yu. If yu take Chinese classes, the teacher will 19. (prbable) have yu d drills every class. D this very seriusly.
If yu are self-studying, try t meet native Chinese peple and ask them t give yu sme feedback. Otherwise, try t be self-critical and listen very carefully. Gd 20. (listen) is mre than 50% f what it takes t prnunce crrectly.
3
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have yu ever met anyne f yur age frm America? D yu think yu wuld have a lt 21. cmmn with the middle schl students there?
In fact, there are lts f 22. (different). Fr example, classes in American schls are 23. (small) than urs. Mst classes in America have n mre than 30 students. Mst students in the US dn’t wear schl unifrms, and they never d grup exercises each day the way we d. 24. we d exercises in the mrning tgether will make them surprised.
In fact, Chinese students and American students have very different lives.What’s the first thing yu think abut when yu get up in the mrning? It’s 25. (prbable) yur lessns at schl. Yu may wnder26. yu have finished yur hmewrk. Chinese students are always under lts f pressure bth at hme 27. at schl. They study hard at night, and smetimes even n weekends because exams are very imprtant t them.
Fr Chinese students, schl is life, but nt fr American students. They dn’t have t wrry abut passing exams all the time, s they can spend time in and ut f schl 28. (d) things they enjy. Students d different things fr fun. Playing sprts, making music and surfing the website are all their favrite activities. Many American teachers think that 29. (study) hard isn’t enugh t make gd students. They encurage students 30. (try) lts f different things.
4
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Three-quarters f the wrld's cffee farms destry frest habitat t grw cffee in the sun and usually use harmful pesticides(杀虫剂) and 31. (chemical) that pisn the envirnment. When frests disappear, migratry (迁徙的)sngbirds disappear, t. In rder t deal with increasing ppulatin and habitat 32. (lse)，Smithsnian scientists created the Bird Friendly certificatin (证书).
Bird Friendly cffees are shade-grwn, meaning the cffee is planted under trees, rather than n the land that 33. (clear) f all ther plants. Cffee experts say shade-grwn cffees taste 34. (gd), because the beans ripen slwer than cffee grwn in the full sun, 35. (result) in a richer, mre cmplex flavr (味道). Bird Friendly certified cffees grw under bi-diverse shade that prvides habitat fr migratry sngbirds and ther wildlife, stres carbn 36. fights climate change. Bird Friendly cffees are als certified rganic, meaning they are grwn withut pesticides, 37. is better fr peple and fr the planet.
Bird Friendly prducers can als earn mre fr their crps. The wd and fruit trees n shade cffee farms prvide additinal incme 38. farmers. Every cup f Bird Friendly cffee bught rewards these farmers with a little mre mney fr taking gd care f the envirnment and encurages them t cntinue 39. (prtect) Bird Friendly habitat.
Yu can buy Bird Friendly certified cffees thrughut the wrld and prtect wildlife and habitat with every cup. Find a stre r cafe near yu, r better yet, have it 40. (deliver) t yur dr when yu rder nline.
5
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many great peple in the wrld devte themselves t 41. (imprve) sciety in their wn ways. Fr example, Jane Gdall, a wman frm Britain, wuld rather spend time studying chimps in the wild in Africa than 42. (lead) a cmfrtable life. Fr 40 years she 43. (be) utspken abut making the rest f the wrld understand and respect the life f chimps, Lin Qiazhi, a specialist in wmen's diseases, is anther wman wh has made great 44. (achieve). There was stry after stry f n matter 45. tired after a day's wrk, she went late at night t deliver a baby fr a pr family. It was because f her hard wrk and great cnsideratin t her patients that hundreds f babies 46. (deliver) safely by her. 47. third example is Yuan Lngping, the first agricultural pineer in the wrld 48. (grw) super hybrid rice. Using his hybrid rice, farmers can prduce harvests twice as large as befre. Therefre, nw the UN has mre tls in the battle t rid the wrld 49. hunger. In shrt, s 50. (impress) is their wrk that they all deserve praising and learning frm.
6
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traditinal earthen buildings
Listed as a Wrld Cultural Heritage in 2008, tulu r earthen buildings are unique rural dwellings ( 住宅) in the 51. (muntain) area in east China's Fujian Prvince. The buildings 52. (appear) in the Sng and Yuan dynasties, and tk 53. (they) current shapes in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Sme f the Hakka and Hkl peple still live in the tulu. The buildings were 54. (riginal) fr Hakka families t live tgether and defend 55. the invaders. They evlved frm lcal muntain camps, mst f 56. tk a circular structure. Mst f the earthen buildings have been develped since it was put n the List, and the number f turists 57. (rise)dramatically. Lin Jianwen is currently the sixth generatin wner f Zhencheng Building 58. (build) in 1912. Lin went back hme and inherited the building, turning it int a hmestay htel. In peak time, there are 200 peple frm 27 families 59. (live) in it. He runs 60. business with his family and takes gd care f the visitrs. Welcming turists frm all ver the wrld makes Lin's life mre clrful in the village.
7
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Red envelpes have played 61. imprtant part in Chinese New Year fr as lng as anyne can remember. S what’s the stry behind the red envelpes during Chinese New Year?
One ppular stry 62. (date) back t the Qin Dynasty, when the elderly wuld thread cins nt a red string. This mney 63. (call) yasui qian in Chinese, meaning “ mney prtecting neself frm evil spirits ” , and was believed t prtect elder peple frm sickness and 64. (die). As the printing press became mre cmmn, the yasui qian was replaced 65. red envelpes.
Anther legend tells f a village 66. a demn (恶魔)wuld terrrize children at night. It was believed that the demn wuld tuch the children’s heads while they were asleep, 67. (cause) serius illness. Frm there, a thery emerged that when they prayed, the gd wuld send eight fairies t prtect the child. The fairies wuld disguise(伪装) 68. (they) as eight cins and hide under the child’s pillw. When the demn gt clse, the cins wuld begin t shine very 69. (bright) , blinding the demn. Wrd began t spread and the villagers started giving red envelpes 70. (fill) with cins t each ther t put under their pillws at night. As time passed, red envelpes became a way t bring gd luck and prsperity t the receiver.
8
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Wandering Earth is a Chinese science fictin mvie, 71. is based n the nvel f 72. same name by Liu Cixin, and was released n February 5, 2019, the Chinese New Year’s Day.
After learning the sun is dying ut, peple all arund the wrld feel 73. (frighten),
s they build giant planet thrusters (星球推进器) 74. ( mve ) the earth ut f its rbit and sail 75. t a new star system. The 2500 years’ jurney cmes with unexpected dangers, but in rder t save humanity, a grup f yung peple cme ut bravely and fight hard fr everyne’s 76. (survive).
We 77. (impress) t see the theme f this film. It desn’t particularly shw smebdy’s ability t save ur wrld 78. shws all the human beings are wrking tgether, 79. (spare) n effrt t save this wrld.
The Wandering Earth is seen by peple as the dawn(开端) f Chinese science fictin mvies. It means that China’s sci-fi mvies have 80. (fficial) set sail.类别
例词
词尾加－y
clud→cludy, luck→lucky, health→healthy, sleep→sleepy
词尾加
－(e)d
gift→gifted, talent→talented, advance→advanced
词尾加
－ful/－less
meaning→meaningful/meaningless, care→careful/careless, help→helpful/helpless, harm→harmful/harmless, hme→hmeless, clur→clurful/clurless, use→useful/useless, thank→thankful, peace→peaceful
词尾加
－able
cmfrt→cmfrtable, knwledge→knwledgeable, accept→acceptable, respect→respectable
词尾加－us
danger→dangerus, curage→curageus, humur→humrus
词尾的
－ce变为－t
cnfidence→cnfident, difference→different
词尾加－al
music→musical, persn→persnal, natin→natinal, educatin→educatinal, traditin→traditinal
词尾加－ly
friend→friendly, week→weekly, lve→lvely
词尾加－en
wd→wden, wl→wlen
其他常
见变化
energy→energetic, fl→flish, pleasure→pleasant/pleased, science→scientific
[以重读闭音节结尾的名词变成形容词时，要双写该辅音字母再加－y(如sun→sunny, fun→funny等)，以e结尾的名词要去掉e再加－y(如nise→nisy, ice→icy等)]
动词词尾
加－tive/­ive
/­ative
attract→attractive, talk→talkative, prevent→preventive
类别
例词
形容词＋后
缀－ly
clear→clearly, great→greatly, lud→ludly, sudden→suddenly, sincere→sincerely
以辅音字母加－y结尾的形容词，把y变成i再加－ly
happy→happily, heavy→heavily, angry→angrily, lucky→luckily, nisy→nisily
词尾为­ble/­le的形容词，去掉e，再加－y
terrible→terribly, pssible→pssibly, gentle→gently, prbable→prbably, cmfrtable→cmfrtably, respnsible→respnsibly, suitable→suitably
词尾为－ue的形容词，去掉e再加－ly
true→truly
词尾为－ll的形容词，直接加－y
full→fully, dull→dully
词尾为－ic的形容词，加－ally
basic→basically, scientific→scientifically, specific→specifically, autmatic→autmatically
词性
功能
例句
形容词
在句中做定语、表语、补语和状语(说明主语的状态、性质和特征等)
Optimistic, she is the srt f lady t spread sunshine t peple thrugh her smile. 乐观的她是那种通过微笑把阳光传递给他人的女士。
副词
在句中做状语，修饰动词(短语)、形容词、副词、介词短语和句子等，方位副词可做后置定语、表语或补语
I culd't find my way ut, s I stayed there all alng. 我找不到出去的路，因此我一直待在那里。
clse接近(指距离)—clsely仔细地，密切地
free免费—freely自由地，自如地
deep深—deeply深刻地，深入地
hard努力地—hardly几乎不
wide宽阔地—widely广泛地
high高—highly高度地
late晚，迟—lately近来
near邻近—nearly几乎
mst最—mstly主要地；绝大多数地
pretty相当地—prettily优美地
特殊情况
构成方法
例词
以不发音的－e结尾
加－r和－st
brave—braver—bravest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾
变－y为i，再加－er和－est
happy—happier—happiest
以重读闭音节结尾
双写词尾，再加－er和－est
ht—htter—httest