(新高考)高考英语二轮复习讲义+分层训练解密01《冠词》（2份打包，教师版+原卷版）

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解密01 冠词



【命题解读】
冠词是历年高考的必考点，对于冠词的考查主要集中在冠词的基本用法和习惯用法，高考中常见的考点如下：
① 冠词的泛指、特指
② 在形容词和副词比较等级前的用法
③ 固定搭配
④ a 和an的区别（2020新增）
【命题预测】
预计2019年的高考仍然会以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主，以语篇型语法填空和短文改错的形式出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查。
【名师指导】
复习冠词须把握好以下三个原则：
①单数可数名词用不定冠词a/an表示泛指；
②复数可数名词及不可数名词表示泛指时，其前不加冠词；
③无论可数名词还是不可数名词，表示特指时，其前都要加定冠词the。

考向1 不定冠词


1. 与可数名词单数连用, 表示类别，泛指一类人或事物。
☞—I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over the keyboard.
—You shouldn’t put drinks near a computer.
2. 用来表示不确定的某一个, 相当于 a certain。
☞—Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?
—Sorry, wrong number. There isn’t a Mr. Smith here.
3.用于数量、时间等名词前, 表示＂每一（单位）的……＂。
☞I earn 10 dollars an hour as a supermarket cashier on Saturdays.
4. 在抽象名词、物质名词前(特别是这两种名词有定语修饰时)用不定冠词, 使之意义具体化, 表示＂一种＂、
＂一件＂、＂一份＂等。
☞It is an honour for me to be invited to the party.我被邀请参加聚会是一种荣誉。(honour是抽象名词,an
honour指一件荣誉的事)
5. 不定冠词用在序数词前不表示排序，而表示＂再一，又一＂。
☞She didn’t like the color of the two bags and asked for a third one.
她不喜欢这两个包的颜色，又要了一个。

1. （2020年1月浙江卷） A child born in the US has ____63____ very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。此处泛指机会，所以用不定代词。
2. （2019·新课标Ⅱ卷语法填空）When we got a call ___68___(say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___69___ joke.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑” 可知，此处joke为泛指，故填a。
3.（2017·新课标3卷语法填空）But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term resting (rest). Instead, she is earning £6500 a day as 62 model in New York.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处泛指 ＂一个＂，故填a。
4. I wonder what it feels to be one of _________really rich. The Browns already have two Rolls Royce and now
they are buying ________ third.
A. the; a B. the ;the
C./;a D./;the
【答案】A
【解析】考查冠词。第一句表示＂我想知道当有钱人是什么滋味＂；＂the+形容词＂表示＂一类人＂；the third则表示＂第三＂，而a third则表示＂再一个＂，这里并不是要强调＂第三＂这个顺序，而是表示＂又一个＂。故选A。
5. The foreigners here are greatly impressed by the fact that _______ people from all walks of life are working hard
for ________ new Tianjin.
A./; a B./; the
C. a; a D. the; the
【答案】A
【解析】考查冠词。外国游客们对这个事实有深刻的印象：来自各行各业的人们正在努力建设一
个新天津。people from all walks of life是个固定搭配，意思是＂各行各业的人们＂；a new Tianjin泛指＂一个新天津＂，a表示＂一＂的意思。故选A。
6.（2016·全国新课标2卷语法填空）Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 48 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.
【答案】a
【解析】介词短语for a while意为＂一会儿＂，本句是指通过锻炼或做一些你喜欢的事情，让你的身体和大脑休息一会儿。
【巧学妙记】
不定冠词的用法口诀
泛指单数和首提，某个/每个/又一个；
物质名词具体化，相同还是抽象词；
三餐四季有修饰，感叹句中有名单。
注释：
①泛指的单数可数名词前和首次提到的单数可数名词前；
②表示又一个，某一个(a second；a certain...)；
③具体化的物质名词和抽象名词前(a success，a surprise...)；
④有修饰词的三餐和四季前(a wonderful supper…)；
⑤感叹句中有单数可数名词(What a lovely girl！...) 。

有些单词以元音字母开头，但读音却以辅音开头，这些单词前要用不定冠词a；
相反，有些以辅音字母开头、读音却以元音开头的单词前要用不定冠词an。如：
a useful book，an hour，an honest child等。
考向2 定冠词

1. 用来特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。所特指的名词常被短语或定语从句所修饰。
☞Of all the reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father’s advice was the most
important one.
2. 指说话的双方都知道的人或事物。
☞Don’t worry if you can’t come to the party. I’ll save some cake for you.
3. 复述上文中提到的事物。
☞There is a shelf in my father’s room. The shelf is new.
4. 用于单数可数名词之前, 表示该类事物, 相当于 a。
☞When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to the hotel; I can find you a bed in my flat.
5. 序数词和形容词最高级前。比较级前若表示特指时也要用定冠词 the。
☞The cakes are delicious. He’d like to have a third one because the second one is rather too small.
6. 用于复数姓氏之前, 表示＂夫妇＂或＂全家＂。
☞The Whites settled down in Canada last year.
去年怀特一家在加拿大定居。
7. 表示世界上独一无二事物的名词前。
☞the sun, the moon, the earth, the world
8. 用于由普通名词构成的专有名词、江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河及些建筑物等
名称前。
☞According to the World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent the
spread of AIDS.
9. 定冠词the和形容词、过去分词连用，表示一类人或事物。
☞Many of the injured are still in danger.
许多受伤者仍处于危险中。
☞the rich the poor, the old
the wounded the living the dead
10. 用在方位名词和西洋乐器名词前。
☞the east 东部　 play the piano 弹钢琴

1.(2020年全国卷Ⅱ）The plum trees are ____70___first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化）.
【答案】the
【解析】考查定冠词。根据空白处的序数词first,可知，此处用定冠词the.
2.（2019全国卷I）.Of ____69__ nineteen recognized polar bear sub populations, three are declining, six ___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【答案】the
【解析】考查定冠词。句意：“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，此处为特指，故填the。
3.（2019·新课标I卷·语法填空）Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【答案】the
【解析】考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。
4.（2019·浙江卷·语法填空）Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。

5.（2018·新课标2卷语法填空）Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去的25年里。故填the。
6.（2018·新课标3卷语法填空）Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ___62___ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。此处为固定短语at the top of，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。
7. （2017·新课标3卷短文改错）Around me in picture are the things which were very important in my life at that
time: car magazines and musical instruments.
【答案】 picture前加the或this
【解析】考查限定词的用法。单数可数名词前应该有限定词，根据句意可知在picture前加the或者this。
8. Xi Jinping met with Hung Hsiu-chu, chairwoman of Kuomintang (KMT) Party, and called for
officials on both sides of the Taiwan Straits to remain committed to one-China consensus(共识).
A. the; the B.不填; the
C.不填; a D. the; 不填
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词。句意：习近平会见洪秀柱，国民党的主席，并呼吁海峡两岸的官员继续致力于＂一个中国＂。名词在句中作表语、同位语时，当它所表示的职位、头衔等是独一无二的，则不用冠词，故第一空不用冠词；第二空特指＂一个中国＂的共识。故选B。
9. This type of machine is on way out, so what on earth shall I buy it for?
A. /; / B. a; the
C. the; / D. the; the
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词。句意：这种机器即将过时，所以我到底为什么买它呢？on the way out＂即将过时；即将被淘汰＂是固定搭配，on earth＂究竟；到底＂是固定搭配。故选C。
10. This book tells _________ life story of John Smith, who left _________ school and worked for a newspaper at
the age of 18.
A. the; the B. a; the
C. the; / D. a; /
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词。句意：这本书讲述了John Smith的生平。他在18岁时辍学为一家报纸工作。第一空由of短语可知表特指；第二空leave school＂毕业、辍学＂表抽象意义不用冠词。故选C。
11. Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write children’s book for many years, but one thing or another
always got in way.
A. a;不填 B. the;the
C. 不填;the D. a;the
【答案】D
【解析】句意：多年来，简的奶奶想写一本有关于儿童的书，但总是被这样或那样的原因阻碍了。第一个空使用不定冠词表泛指，第二个in the way 是固定搭配，意为挡道或阻碍。定冠词用于特指或者是固定搭配，不定冠词用于泛指。选D。
【巧学妙记】
定冠词的用法口诀：
特指双知上文提，独一无二普遍专；
方位顺序最高级；赛项乐器影剧院；
姓氏复数一家人，形容词前可数单；
群岛河山江湖海，沙漠海峡和海湾。
阶级党派国全名，组织团体与机关。
连续应用比较级，朝代年代按天算。






考向3 零冠词

1. 不可数名词、复数名词表泛指，用零冠词。
☞Teachers are badly needed in the remote districts.
偏远地区非常需要教师。
2. 称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、补足语或同位语时，不加冠词。
☞Dr. Peter Spence，headmaster of the school，told us，＂A fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and
Cambridge.＂
这所学校的校长Peter Spence博士告诉我们，这里五分之一的学生将继续到牛津或剑桥大学深造。
3. 月、季、星期、节假、洲前；三餐、球类、惯用语前；学科、棋类名词前，用零冠词。
☞A year can be divided into four seasons — spring，summer，autumn and winter.
一年可以分为四季——春、夏、秋、冬。
4. no与such连用时应放在such之前，such后的名词不用冠词。
☞There is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.
天下没有免费的午餐。
5. 在turn(变成)作表语的名词前不用冠词，但become后的可数名词作表语时前要加冠词。
☞He became a doctor while his brother turned teacher.
他成了一名医生而他弟弟当了教师。

1. However, we refer to Donald Trump as _______ great success not merely because he has been elected
President of the USA.
A. a; the B. 不填;the
C. a;不填 D. 不填；不填
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词。在此句中success是可数名词，指＂一个成功的人物＂；President 是职务名词，前面不需要冠词。句意：然而，我们认为唐纳德•特朗普是一个成功的人，不仅仅因为他被选为美国总统。故选C。2. George couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was _____ Sunday because
everybody was at _____ church.
A. /; the B. the; /
C. a; / D. /; a
【答案】C
【解析】a Sunday指某一个星期天；at church为固定搭配，意为＂做礼拜＂，中间不用冠词。
【巧学妙记】
下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前；
专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭；
复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前；
颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。



难点剖析



一、序数词前冠词的使用问题
强调顺序时用定冠词；当不强调顺序，而是表示＂又，还，再＂时用不定冠词。如：
The cakes are delicious. He’d like to have ________ third one because ________ second one is rather too small.
A. a; a B. the; the
C. a; the D. the; a
【答案】C
【解析】第一空表示＂还，再＂用不定冠词；第二空强调顺序用定冠词。句意为：蛋糕很好吃，因为他第二块太小了，所以他想再吃一块。
二、school, bed等前面冠词的使用问题
像bed, table, class, school, college, church, hospital, prison等名词，在指这些家具、建筑或场所本身时用冠词，但若抽象地指它们所具有的作用或功能时，则不用冠词，此时多用于go to或者be in / at之后。如： 1. —Where is Jack?
—I think he is still in ________ bed, but he might just be in ________ bathroom. (全国卷)
A. 不填；不填 B. the；the
C. the; 不填 D.不填；the
【答案】D
【解析】题中bed是指其用途，即：be in bed在睡觉。第二空指双方都知道的洗手间。
2. When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to ________ hotel; I can find you ________ bed in my
flat.
A. the; a B. the; 不填
C. a; the D. a; 不填
【答案】A
【解析】题中bed不是指其用途，而是泛指＂床＂这类事物中的一个。hotel是特指这次住的那个旅馆。句意是：你下次来这里度假，就不要住那个旅馆了，我在我的公寓里帮你弄一张床。
3. When he left ________ college, he got a job as ________ reporter in a newspaper office.
A. 不填；a B. 不填；the
C. a ; the D. the; the
【答案】A
【解析】题中college指在大学的功用，即：供人＂求学＂，leave college指＂大学毕业＂。在as后表示职业或身份的单数名词前要用不定冠词。
三、专有名词前的冠词使用问题
一般不用冠词，如John, China等。但以下几种情况用冠词：
①＂the＋姓氏复数＂表示＂某某夫妇＂或＂姓某的一家人＂。如：
________ will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas.
A. The Evens B. The Evens’
C. The Evenses D. Evenses’
【答案】C
【解析】＂the＋姓氏复数＂表示＂某某夫妇＂或＂姓某的一家人＂。
②＂a(n)+人名＂表示＂……式的人物＂或＂有一个名叫……的人＂，如：
☞He is a Lei Feng. 他是一个雷锋式的人物。
☞A Smith is waiting for you at the school gate. 有一个叫史密斯的人在门口等你。
③由普通名词构成的专有名词前通常要加the，如the Summer Palace, the United Nations。但若是在＂专 有名词(人名或地名)＋普通名词＂构成的专有名词前不用冠词，如Beijing University, Yale University。 如：
The most important thing about cotton in history is ________ part that it played in ________ Industrial Revolution.
A. 不填；不填 B. the；不填
C. the; the D. a; the
【答案】C
【解析】因为part后面有一定语从句修饰，是特指，用the；又因为工业革命是由普通名词构成的专有 名词，所以前面也要用the。
④表示特指时专有名词前也可能用the，如：
the Gorge of China (中国的高尔基)
the China of the 1960s(20世纪60年代的中国)
the Smith you’re looking for(你在找的那个史密斯)
四、物质名词和抽象名词前冠词的使用问题
一般不用冠词，如We all need water. (我们都需要水。) 但是下列情况要用冠词：
①特指时要加the，如：
In Hangzhou Mr Green was so struck by ________ beauty of ________ nature that he stayed for another night. A. /, / B. /, the
C. the, / D. the, the
【答案】C
【解析】beauty后有of 短语表示特指，用the；nature作＂大自然， 自然界＂解是不可数名词，通常 不用冠词。
②有的抽象名词具体化后，前面要加不定冠词，如：
a surprise一件预料之外的事 a pity / shame (一件令人遗憾的事)
a success(一件成功的事或一个成功的人) a pleasure(一件快乐的事)，a time(一段时间)
③不定冠词可在coffee, tea, beer, drink等物质名词前表示＂一杯 / 罐 / 瓶＂。如：
I’d like a tea(=a cup of tea), please. 我要来杯茶。
五、表示三餐的名词前的冠词使用问题
breakfast, lunch, supper等前一般不用冠词，但若受形容词修饰时用a / an；特指时要用the。如：
a good lunch(丰盛的午餐)
How do you like the lunch?(你觉得这顿午餐怎么样？)
六、play后的乐器和球类名词的冠词使用问题
play后接西洋乐器名词时，要加定冠词。但象erhu(二胡)之类的汉语拼音的中国民乐名称前就不用冠词；play后面接球、棋、牌等之类的名词前也不用冠词，如play football / chess / bridge踢足球 / 下棋 / 打桥牌。 After watching ________ TV, she played ________ violin for an hour.
A. 不填, 不填 B. the, the
C. the, 不填 D. 不填, the
【答案】D
【解析】play作＂弹、演奏＂讲，后接的西洋乐器名词前要用the。watch TV是习惯说法，不用冠词。
七、表示季节、月份、星期的名词前的冠词使用问题
一般不用冠词，但特指时用the；受形容词修饰表示具有某种特点时可用a / an。如：
the spring of 1998 1998年的春天 a hard winter 一个严寒的冬天
八、表示节日的名词前的冠词使用问题
含有day的节日前一般不用冠词，如May Day, New Year’s day, Christmas Day, April Fool’s Day,
Mother’s Day等；但仅中国才有的传习统节日名称前常用the，如the Spring Festival(春节), the Mid-autumn Festival(中秋节)。
九、有后置定语的名词前的冠词使作问题
特指某人或某物时用the；但若指一类事物时用a / an。如：
I’d like to buy a present that is useful but not expensive.
我想买一件价格不贵但又有用的那样一类礼物。(from www.nmet168.com)
十、两个并列名词前冠词的使用问题
指同一人、同一物或同一概念时，第二个名词前不用冠词，如a teacher and writer(一位教师兼作家)，a horse and cart(一辆马车)，a knife and fork(一付刀叉)；但若是指两个人时，第二个名词前一般也要加冠词，如a man and a woman(一个男人和一个女人)。
十一、冠词的非前位用法
1. 不定冠词用在quite，rather，many，half，what，much等词之后。如：
☞He is rather a fool.
☞—What did you think of the concert？
—Oh，it was quite a success.
2. 不定冠词用在so（as，too，how）+形容词之后。如：
☞She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.
☞It’s too difficult a book for us to read.
注意：以元音音素开头的名词前加不定冠词时用＂an＂。例如：an apple。
即使单词拼写以辅音字母开头，但该词的读音是元音音素开头，加不定冠词时也要用＂an＂，例如：an hour，an honest boy；反之，拼写以元音字母开头，但读音是辅音，加不定冠词时要用＂a＂，例如：a university。
3. so…that与such…that:
①so…that和such…that都作＂如此……以至于＂解，that引导结果状语从句。常见句型如下：
so
②such…that和so…that有时可以换用，条件是such所修饰的名词必须是一个单数可数名词，且该名词还带有表性质的形容词。转变公式如下：such a/an+形容词+名词→so+形容词+a/an+名词。如：
☞He is such a good student that we all like him.→He is so good a student that we all like him。
但是，如果是不可数名词或复数可数名词，则只能用such，不能用so修饰。如：
☞It was such bad weather that he had to stay at home。
③如果复数名词前有many，few，不可数名词前有much，little等表示量的形容词时，应该用so而不用such。如：
☞I’ve had so many falls that I’m black and blue all over.
☞Mr White got so little money a month that he could hardly keep body and soul together（维持生活）。
但little不表示数量而表示＂小＂的意思时，仍用such。如：
☞They are such little children that they cannot clean the house by themselves.

检测训练



题组一 真题在线
1.（2016·浙江）______prize for the winner of the competition is ______two-week holiday in Paris.
A. The ; 不填 B. A ; 不填
C. A ; the D. The ; a
【答案】D
【解析】句意：这个比赛获胜者的奖品是一个巴黎的两个星期的假期。第一空填the，是特指＂获胜者的奖品＂，用定冠词，第二空是泛指＂一个两周的假期＂，用不定冠词a。故选D。
2.（2015·陕西） more learned a man is, more modest be usually become.
A. The ; the B. A; a
C. The ; a D. A; the
【答案】A
【解析】句意：一个人越有学识，他就越可能更谦虚。使用＂the +比较级…， the +比较级…＂句型，所以选A。
【名师点睛】冠词的考查集中在the表示特指；a/an表示泛指。另外要注意冠词的一些固定搭配中冠词的使用。这里用的是：＂the +比较级…， the +比较级…＂句型，学生在平时应该多积累这些包含冠词的短语和句型。
3.（2015·四川）Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be Beethoven.
A. a B. an
C. the D.不填
【答案】A
【解析】考查冠词。本题考查不定冠词在人名前，表示：一个像……那样的人。故选择A。句意：Brian在创作音乐上极有才华，他很有可能成为一个像贝多芬那样的人才。
4.（2015·浙江）Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write children’s book for many years, but one thing
or another always got in way.
A. a;不填 B. the; the
C. 不填;the D. a; the
【答案】D
【解析】句意：多年来，简的奶奶想写一本有关于儿童的书，但总是被这样或那样的原因阻碍了。第一个空使用不定冠词表泛指，第二个in the way 是固定搭配，意为＂挡道＂或＂阻碍＂。定冠词用于特指或者是固定搭配，不定冠词用于泛指。选D。
5.（2015·重庆）I just heard____ bank where Dora works was robbed by____ gunman wearing a mask.
A. the; / B. a; /
C. the; a D. a; the
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我刚刚听说朵拉工作的那家银行被一个带面具的持枪人给抢劫。第一个空表示朵拉工作的那家银行，可知表示特指，用the；第二空表示一个带面具的持枪人表示泛指，用a。
【名师点睛】冠词的运用要把握 a 一般表示泛指某一类人或物，意为＂任何一个，任一＂ 。the 表示表示特指，或有某类型的修饰。
6.（2014·重庆）I can’t tell you _______ way to the Wilsons’ because we don’t have _______ Wilson here in the
village.
A. the; a B. a; /
C. a; the D. the; /
【答案】A
【解析】去威尔逊家的道路是特定的，故选择定冠词；本村没有叫做威尔逊的人。叫威尔逊的人有很多，不具有唯一性，故选择不定冠词。A项正确。
7.（2014·天津）Life the like ________ ocean; Only ________strong-willed can reach the other shore.
A. an; the B. the; a
C. the ;/ D. / ; a
【答案】A
【解析】句意：生活就像一片海；只有那些意志坚强的人才能到达彼岸。ocean海洋，是可数名词，又是元音开头，所以用an；strong-willed是形容词，前面用the 表一类。又如。the injured伤员。故选A。
8.（2014·江西）They chose Tom to be ________captain of the team because they knew he was _______smart
leader.
A. a; the B. the; the
C. the; a D. a; a
【答案】C
【解析】Captain后跟了个介词短语of the team作定语，表特指；后一空表类型（一个聪明的领导者），因此C选项正确。句意为＂ 他们选了汤姆为这个队的队长，那是因为他们知道汤姆是个聪明的头儿。＂
9.（2014·陕西）________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.
A. The; a B. A; the
C. The; the D. A; a
【答案】A
【解析】考查冠词。第一空后的名词后有where引导的定语从句，故应是特指，用the；第二空表示一个城镇，故填不定冠词a。故选A。
10.（2014·浙江）The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ______ week, often long into ______
night.
   A. a; the                B. the; 不填         
C. a; a                 D. 不填；the
【答案】A
【解析】第一空a表示＂每一＂；into the night到深夜；句意：我的论文下个月就要交，我现在一周工作七天，还经常熬夜到深夜。故选A。
【名师点睛】考生做题时要保持清醒的头脑，准确猜摸出题人意图。week是普通的可数名词，就可以用a修饰， into the night是约定俗成的短语，就算考试时考生不能详细阐述该理由，但是根据以往做题见到的句子、用法，可以发散思维，准确选出答案，没必要在考场死扣某一题原理，这在平时就需要大量的英语阅读、做题，才能厚积薄发。
题组二 名校模拟
1. The foreigners here are greatly impressed by the fact that _______ people from all walks of life are working hard for ________ new Tianjin.
A. /; a B. /; the C. a; a D. the; the
【答案】A
【解析】考查冠词。外国游客们对这个事实有深刻的印象：来自各行各业的人们正在努力建设一个新天津。people from all walks of life是个固定搭配，意思是＂各行各业的人们＂；a new Tianjin泛指＂一个新天津＂，a表示＂一＂的意思。故选A。
2. No one hopes the two countries will be at ________ war, because ________ peace is what everyone wants.
A. the; the B. a; a C. the; / D. /; /
【答案】D
【解析】考查冠词。句意：没有人希望这两个国家卷入战争，因为和平是人们所想要得到的。at war＂处于战争中＂是固定词组；第二空的peace＂和平＂是不可数名词，表示泛指，不用冠词。故选D。
3. They had to bring the project under ________ construction to ________ end because of lack of money.
A. the; an B. /; / C. /; an D. the; the
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词。句意：因为缺钱，他们不得不结束正在建设中的工程。under construction固定短语，表示＂在建设中＂；bring to an end固定短语，表示＂使结束＂。由此可知应选C。
4. This type of machine is on ________ way out, so what on ________ earth shall I buy it for?
A. /; / B. a; the C. the; / D. the; the
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词。句意：这种机器即将过时，所以我到底为什么买它呢？on the way out＂即将过时，即将被淘汰＂是固定搭配，on earth＂究竟，到底＂是固定搭配。故选C。
5. Xi Jinping met with Hung Hsiu-chu, ________ chairwoman of Kuomintang (KMT) Party, and called for officials on both sides of the Taiwan Straits to remain committed to ________ one-China consensus(共识).
A. the; the B.不填; the
C. 不填; a D.the; 不填
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词。句意：习近平会见洪秀柱，国民党的主席，并呼吁海峡两岸的官员继续致力于＂一个中国＂。名词在句中作表语、同位语时，当它所表示的职位、头衔等是独一无二的，则不用冠词，故第一空不用冠词；第二空特指＂一个中国＂的共识。故选B。
6. I wonder what it feels to be one of _________really rich. The Browns already have two Rolls Royce and now they are buying ________ third.
A. the; a B. the; the C. /;a D. /;the
【答案】A
【解析】考查冠词。第一句表示＂我想知道当有钱人是什么滋味＂；＂the+形容词＂表示＂一类人＂；the third则表示＂第三＂，而a third则表示＂再一个＂，这里并不是要强调＂第三＂这个顺序，而是表示＂又一个＂。故选A。
7. Being able to afford ________ drink would be ________ comfort in those tough times.
A. the; the B. a; a C. a; / D./; a
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词。句意：在困难时期能够买得起一杯饮料是一种安慰。drink表示＂饮料＂时是可数名词，comfort表示＂安慰＂，是一种抽象意义，不可数。
8. ________ prize for the winner of the competition is ________ two-week holiday in Paris.
A. The; / B. The; a C.A; / D./; the
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词。句意：竞赛冠军的奖励是为期两个星期的巴黎之旅。第一个空表示特指，第二个空表示泛指。
9. —The show is just amazing! It’s hard to believe you fell asleep.
—There is no such ________ thing ________ everyone likes.
A. a; that B./; what C./; as D.a; /
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词和定语从句。句意：——这个表演太棒了！很难相信你竟然睡着了。——没有一种事物是每个人都喜欢的。作形容词时，no=not a，所以第一空不用冠词，先行词有such修饰时，关系词用as，构成 such as结构。
10. The most amazing thing about ________ nature is its creation of human beings.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词。句意：大自然最神奇之处在于它创造了人类。nature表示＂大自然＂之意时前面不用加定冠词。

冠词专练
1. The Smiths don’t usually stay at ______hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ______ sea.
2. The development of industry has been_______ gradual process throughout _______ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.
3. Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up meat processing factory of his own one day.
4. Sam has been appointed _______ manager of the engineering department to take ____ place of George.
5. I woke up with bad headache, yet by evening the pain had gone.
6. Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.
7. Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.
8. The “Chinese Dream” is ______ dream to improve people’s well-being and ______ dream of harmony, peace and development.
9. Animals are obviously ______ lower form of life than _______ man.
10. It was ______ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ____ night sky.
11. Marco Polo is said to have sailed on Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in thirteenth century.
12. Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.
13. India attained independence in 1947, after long struggle.
14. People develop ______ preference for a particular style of learning at ______ early age and these preferences affect learning.
15. The parents were shocked by news that their son needed operation on his knee.
16. They chose Tom to be ________ captain of the team, because they knew he was ________ smart leader.
17. ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.
18. Life is like ________ ocean: only ________ strongwilled can reach the other shore.
19. The paper is due next month，and I am working seven days ______week，often long into _____ night.
20. I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilsons' because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village.
21. more learned a man is, more modest he usually becomes.
22. Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be Beethoven.
23. Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write children’s book for many years, but one thing or another always got in way.
24. I just heard____ bank where Dora works was robbed by____ gunman wearing a mask.
25. There is no______ exact definition of ______ word happiness. Happy people are happy for all sorts of reasons.
26. —Kathleen, ______ Mr. Heller is waiting for you outside.
—Just a second. I’m on ______ phone.
27. It is ______ world of wonders, ______ world where anything can happen.
28. In ______ old society many young women died by so strange and cruel ______ custom.
29. It is acknowledged that ______ shortest distance between persons is ______ sincere smile.
30. The story shows that ______ knowledge of ______ first aid can make______ real difference.
31. Rock climbing is ______ great fun. You will get close to ______ nature and take adventures at the same time.
32. Everybody has ______ responsibility to save water, if future generations are to enjoy______ similar standard of living
to the one we enjoy now.
33. When my father was in high school, he developed ______ interest in art and later became a serious student of ______
art there.
34. Each country, of course, in ______ Copenhagen, has its own particular priorities and concerns, which is why ______
agreement is so difficult to reach.
35. When ______ word came that the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature had been awarded to Mo Yan, ______ internationally known author, China went into a national celebration.
36. — Excuse me, would you please give______ magazine to Mary?
— Sorry, but I don’t think there is_______ Mary in my class.
37. As ______ birthplace of Huaxia civilization, Xi’ an is ______ city with a long history and abundant cultural relics.
38. In 1778, Banks was elected ______ president of ______ Royal Society, ______ position he held for 42 years.
39. The color green in ancient Egypt symbolized spring, which is the time of ______ year when things in nature start to
grow after______ long winter.
40. As ______ unemployment is very high at the moment, it’s very difficult for people to find ______ work.
41. Bringing housing prices down to ______ reasonable level is the short-term target, but our long-term goal is to build ______ effective and healthy housing market.
42. I want an assistant with ______ little knowledge of French and ______ experience of office routine.
43. People are living in______ world where mouse clicks rule our life, so online searches have become______ must.
44. As he already knew French, he gained ______ advantage over ______ rest of the class.
45. The worried lady made ______ second thorough search of her pockets before finding ______ purse on the table.
46. The pigeon has been______ symbol of ______ peace for thousands of years in many countries.
47. ______ New York Times, an elite（精华）newspaper of America, should have reported the whisper as ______ breaking news.
48. —Alice, shall we go for______ walk by______ lake?
—Sounds good.
49. Holiday is ______ time for leisure. But making good use of ______ time is not an easy task for most people.
50. Shooting as______ means of survival originally, developed into______ sport only in the late 19th century.
51. ______ news that the Chinese Men’s National Football Team was disqualified for the next World Cup finals came as no surprise at all．
52. As we all know, ______ life is a big stage, on which ______ things of all kinds can take place.
53.—An explosion at a coal mine killed at least 62 workers and left another 13 missing.
— Yes, _______ news came as ______ shock to us all.
54.—Did you enjoy yourself last weekend, Tom?
—Yes, as you know, ______ birthday party went on in ______ most pleasant atmosphere.
55. Hello, Mr. Wang. There is______ Mr. Smith waiting for you at ______ school gate.
56.______ strong earthquake struck ______ eastern coast of central Japan on March ll, 2011．
57. In ______ film Cast Away. Tom Hanks plays ______ man named Chuck Noland.
58. The taxi driver was put into______ prison because his car had killed ______ child crossing the street.
59. Premier Wen Jiabao spoke of China's desire to see______ great progress from ______ two-week UN climate change conference in Copenhagen.
60. While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made ______ discovery which completely changed ______ man’s understanding of color.
61. In______ week or so, I’ll be among ______ unemployed，I’m afraid．
62. Pirates from Somalia who hijacked ______ European carrier in______ Indian Ocean threatened to kill its 25 crew members if any rescue operation was attempted.
63. Shall we take______ short break? I want to make______ call.
64. In China, ______ pressure to pass ______ exams tends to cause lack of students’ creativity.
65. The artist, whose early career was far from being _____ success, is now widely recognized as _____ master of painting.
66. There is______ small temple on the island, which can only be reached by______ water.
67. Mr White, who comes from ______ European country, has formed ______ habit of attending ______ church on Sundays.
68.—It’s reported that over 1 billion people watched the live opening ceremony of___ 2010 South Africa World Cup on TV.
—Yes, news came as______ shock to me.
69. I will never forget my teacher’s advice: “As long as you can affect life of your child in an active way, you’ve been ______ success.”
70.—Would you mind giving your advice on how to improve our business management?
—If you make ______ most of the equipment, there will be______ rise in production．