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(通用版)高考英语二轮复习课件 第4讲 专题3并列句和状语从句 (含详解)
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这是一份(通用版)高考英语二轮复习课件 第4讲 专题3并列句和状语从句 (含详解)，共38页。PPT课件主要包含了重 温 真 题，but ，and ，or ，nor ，so ，unless ，than ，aswhen ，WhenIf 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1 重 温 真 题
2 考 点 精 析
3 考 点 集 训
考向1 并列句中的并列连词单句语法填空1．(2019·全国II卷) I wrk nt because I have t, _______ because I want t.解析：考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文nt 呼应，构成“不是……而是……”之意，故填but。
2．(四川)It was time fr her t have a new baby, _______ it was als time fr the yung panda t be independent.解析：句意：是时候再生一个孩子了，熊猫宝宝也到独立的时候了。It was time fr...和it was als time fr...之间是并列关系，故用and连接。
3．(新课标全国Ⅰ)But the river wasn't changed in a few days ______ even a few mnths.解析：a few days和a few mnths为选择关系，因此要用r连接。4．(广东)S Nick called t his sn, “G t the village and buy sme salt, but pay a fair price fr it: neither t much _______ t little.”解析：既不……也不……，为固定搭配。
考向2 状语从句中的从属连词单句语法填空1．(2019·新课标III卷)On ur way t the huse，it was raining ______ hard that we culdn't help wndering hw lng it wuld take t get there. It was in the middle f Pearl City.解析：考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填s。
2．(2019·天津卷)Tm is s independent that he never asks his parents' pinin __________ he wants their supprt.解析：考查连词。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。unless除非。3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Crn uses less water ________ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runff. 解析：考查连词。句意：玉米比大米使用的水更少。根据关键词less可知，填比较连词。故填than。
4．(全国Ⅲ)Over time, ___________ the ppulatin grew, peple began cutting fd int small pieces s it wuld ck mre quickly.解析：as/when当……时，随着……。5．(四川)The mther held the baby in her frnt paws much the way a human des. ___________ it cried, she rcked it back and frth and gave it little cmfrting pats.解析：根据语境可知，when(当……时)和if(如果)用在此处都合适。句意：当它哭的时候/如果它哭了，熊猫妈妈会来回摇晃它，轻轻拍打，给它安慰。
►连词的分类连词常分为并列连词(也叫等立连词)和从属连词两大类。►并列句与并列连词的核心考点1．并列句的基本概念并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成的。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。
2．常见的并列连词(1)表示递进或顺承关系：常用的并列连词有and，nt (als)...等。He had plenty f mney and he spent it freely.Nt nly did he speak mre crrectly, but he (als) spke mre easily.(2)表示选择关系：常用的并列连词有r，等。Either yu are right, r I am.(3)表示转折关系：常用的并列连词有but，yet，where－as等。Jane said she was ill, yet I saw her in the street just nw.Sme f the studies shw psitive results, whereas thers d nt.
(4)表示因果关系：常用的并列连词有s，fr等。It must have rained last night, fr it is wet all ver.The shps were clsed, s I didn't get any milk.(5)when也可用作并列连词，意为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：①sb. was ding sth. when...；②sb. was abut t d/n the pint f ding sth. when...；③sb. had(just) dne sth. when...。(这三个句式when后的分句的时态都为一般过去时)
We were having a meeting when smene brke in.We were abut t set ff when it suddenly began t rain.(6)while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。He likes pp music, while I am fnd f flk music.►从属连词与状语从句一、时间状语从句1．befre引导的从句中不用否定式谓语。常用如下句型：It will be lng befre...(得过好久才……)It will nt be lng befre...(过不了多久就……)
3．as，when，while用法一览表
4.引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有：(1)till，(until) 't get ff the bus until it has stpped.He waited fr his father until/till it was twelve 'clck.(2)，n 表示“刚……就……”We had hardly gt/Hardly had we gt int the cuntry when it began t rain.N sner had he arrived/He had n sner arrived than she started cmplaining.
(3)directly, immediately, the mment, the minute, the instant, as sn as意为“一……就……”He made fr the dr directly he heard the knck.The mment he saw his mther, he burst int tears.(4)each time, every timeEach time he came t my city, he wuld call n me.
二、让步状语从句1．althugh与thugh可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。Althugh/Thugh they are pr，(yet) they are warmhearted.2．even if或even thugh引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”“纵然”，用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。I'll get there even if/thugh I have t sell my huse t get enugh mney t g by air.
3．n matter后接wh，what，where，hw等疑问词引导让步状语从句，也可以在这类疑问词后面加上－ever构成whever，whatever，wherever，hwever等。但在引导名词性从句时，只能用“疑问词＋－ever”类词。Dn't trust him, n matter what/whatever he says.I will eat whatever yu give me.N matter hw/Hwever hard the wrk is, yu'd better try t d it well.
4．as也可以引导让步状语从句，需将从句中的表语、状语以及谓语中的实义动词提前至从句句首，引起倒装； 作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需省去。thugh引导的从句也可以倒装，但althugh引导的不可以。Child as/thugh he is, he knws a lt.Much as I like it, I wn't buy.Try as he wuld, he culdn't lift the heavy bx.5．while也可以引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”，比thugh/althugh语气弱。while引导的让步状语从句一般要位于句首。
三、原因状语从句：because，as，since，nw that1．表示不知道的原因时用because，即说话人认为听话人不知道，因此because从句是全句最重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。Yu want t knw why I'm leaving? I'm leaving because I'm fed up with the bss.2．表示已经知道的原因时用as或since，即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，因此它是句中不太重要的部分。since要比as正式一些，它们通常被置于主句之前，但有时却相反。Seeing all f the children already seated, he said, “Since everyne is here, let's start.”
3．下列情况下只能使用because：(1)在回答why的问句时； (2)在用于强调句型时； (3)被nt所否定时。四、地点状语从句：where，wherever等Make a mark wherever yu have any questins.We will g where the Party directs us.
五、目的状语从句：that，s that，in rder that注意：目的状语从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句，不可置于句首。He gt up early s that he culd catch the early train.六、结果状语从句：that，s that，，注意：s＋形容词/副词＋that从句；such＋名词＋that从句。She is s gd that we all like her.He is such a gd teacher that we all respect him.
七、方式状语从句：as，as if/thughI'll d as I am tld t.It lks as if it is ging t rain.八、条件状语从句：if，unless，s/as lng as，in case, nce，n cnditin that等Yu can use my bike as lng as yu return it n time.
九、比较状语从句：than；(nt) ；(nt) the same as；the＋比较级，the＋比较级He wrks as hard as thers.We treat bys exactly the same as girls.The sun is much bigger than the earth.The mre yu eat, the fatter yu will be.
►写作中并列句和状语从句易错聚焦一、在写作中往往缺乏并列句意识，主要存在以下两个方面的倾向：1．机械排列简单句I believe I am fit fr it. I'm writing t apply fr the psitin.如果我们把意义相关的这两个句子用适当的连词连接起来，可得到下面的句子：I believe I am fit fr it, s I'm writing t apply fr the psitin.比较一下，同学们是不是感觉后者要优于前者呢？并列连词的使用可增强句子之间的逻辑性和美感，使句子之间显得更加紧凑。
2．逗号连接两个简单句I'm enthusiatic and easy－ging，I' m easy t get alng with and can cperate well with thers.在该句中含有两个简单句，中间用逗号起了连接作用，显然这是不符合英语语法规则的。我们不妨做如下改动：I'm enthusiastic and easy－ging，s I'm easy t get alng with and can cperate well with thers.
二、对于状语从句，在实际运动中主要存在以下问题：1．从句意识缺乏The Exp is very attractive. We are all eager t pay a visit t it.The Exp is s attractive that we are all eager t pay a visit t it.通过比较不难发现，后句比前句更加紧凑且逻辑性强，增强了交际效果。2．状语从句成分残缺(误)Please clse the drs and windws befre leave the classrm.(正)Please clse the drs and windws befre yu leave the classrm.由于受汉语的干扰，第一句中状语从句中漏掉了主语。
3．连接词误用(误)Teachers and parents shuld respect us n matter we are in r utside schl.(正)Teachers and parents shuld respect us whether we are in r utside schl.这两句尽管从汉语角度来看意思相同，但是从语法角度n matter一般后跟特殊疑问词，而whether可直接引导状语从句。(误)Thugh he is cnsidered a great writer，but wrks are nt widely read.(正)Thugh he is cnsidered a great writer, his wrks are nt widely read.在让步状语从句中，thugh和althugh不能与but连用。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Yu have t mve ut f the way ________________ the truck cannt get past yu.2．Mike was usually s careful, ___________ this time he made a small mistake.3．Find ways t praise yur children ften, _______yu'll find they will pen their hearts t yu.4．At schl, sme students are active _________ sme are shy，yet they can be gd friends with ne anther.5．Everything was placed exactly _________ he wanted it fr the graduatin ceremny.
r/therwise
6．Ht _____________ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were s tired after the lng jurney.7．It is hard fr the Greek gvernment t get ver the present difficulties __________ it gets mre financial supprt frm the Eurpean Unin.8．___________ hard yu try, it is difficult t lse weight withut cutting dwn the amunt yu eat.9．The dctr tld the patient t g n a diet ___________ he was verweight.10．There nce was a very rich man. He was s generus t everybdy arund him ________ many peple in his neighbrhd knew him.
Ⅱ.语法填空(连词专练)My mther was cking in the kitchen 1._________ I was ding my schl assignments. N sner had I finished my hmewrk 2.________ the dr bell rang. Hwever，my sister unlcked the dr 3.__________ I culd pen it. We were surprised the mment we saw her 4.___________ her clthes and face were terribly dirty. She lked much prer 5.________ we expected. 6._________ we didn't knw what had happened t her, we std there and waited fr my sister's stry. We wuldn't leave 7.__________ my sister tld us all abut it. 8._________ my sister gt changed, she tld us that she fell int a ditch 9.________ she walked n a path n her way t my uncle's hme in the cuntryside.
She culdn't get ut f the she cried fr help ludly, n ne culd hear her. She tried t climb ut f it, but 11.___________ hard she tried, she failed t escape frm it. 12.______ time went by, she gt wrried.After several vain attempts she had t stand 13._________ she was and waited 14._________ a by student passed by and gave her a hand. The by reached her a lng rpe and tld her t climb with the rpe. She did 15.______ the by tld，s that she came ut.
Althugh/Thugh
1 重 温 真 题
2 考 点 精 析
3 考 点 集 训
考向1 并列句中的并列连词单句语法填空1．(2019·全国II卷) I wrk nt because I have t, _______ because I want t.解析：考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文nt 呼应，构成“不是……而是……”之意，故填but。
2．(四川)It was time fr her t have a new baby, _______ it was als time fr the yung panda t be independent.解析：句意：是时候再生一个孩子了，熊猫宝宝也到独立的时候了。It was time fr...和it was als time fr...之间是并列关系，故用and连接。
3．(新课标全国Ⅰ)But the river wasn't changed in a few days ______ even a few mnths.解析：a few days和a few mnths为选择关系，因此要用r连接。4．(广东)S Nick called t his sn, “G t the village and buy sme salt, but pay a fair price fr it: neither t much _______ t little.”解析：既不……也不……，为固定搭配。
考向2 状语从句中的从属连词单句语法填空1．(2019·新课标III卷)On ur way t the huse，it was raining ______ hard that we culdn't help wndering hw lng it wuld take t get there. It was in the middle f Pearl City.解析：考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填s。
2．(2019·天津卷)Tm is s independent that he never asks his parents' pinin __________ he wants their supprt.解析：考查连词。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。unless除非。3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Crn uses less water ________ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runff. 解析：考查连词。句意：玉米比大米使用的水更少。根据关键词less可知，填比较连词。故填than。
4．(全国Ⅲ)Over time, ___________ the ppulatin grew, peple began cutting fd int small pieces s it wuld ck mre quickly.解析：as/when当……时，随着……。5．(四川)The mther held the baby in her frnt paws much the way a human des. ___________ it cried, she rcked it back and frth and gave it little cmfrting pats.解析：根据语境可知，when(当……时)和if(如果)用在此处都合适。句意：当它哭的时候/如果它哭了，熊猫妈妈会来回摇晃它，轻轻拍打，给它安慰。
►连词的分类连词常分为并列连词(也叫等立连词)和从属连词两大类。►并列句与并列连词的核心考点1．并列句的基本概念并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成的。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。
2．常见的并列连词(1)表示递进或顺承关系：常用的并列连词有and，nt (als)...等。He had plenty f mney and he spent it freely.Nt nly did he speak mre crrectly, but he (als) spke mre easily.(2)表示选择关系：常用的并列连词有r，等。Either yu are right, r I am.(3)表示转折关系：常用的并列连词有but，yet，where－as等。Jane said she was ill, yet I saw her in the street just nw.Sme f the studies shw psitive results, whereas thers d nt.
(4)表示因果关系：常用的并列连词有s，fr等。It must have rained last night, fr it is wet all ver.The shps were clsed, s I didn't get any milk.(5)when也可用作并列连词，意为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：①sb. was ding sth. when...；②sb. was abut t d/n the pint f ding sth. when...；③sb. had(just) dne sth. when...。(这三个句式when后的分句的时态都为一般过去时)
We were having a meeting when smene brke in.We were abut t set ff when it suddenly began t rain.(6)while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。He likes pp music, while I am fnd f flk music.►从属连词与状语从句一、时间状语从句1．befre引导的从句中不用否定式谓语。常用如下句型：It will be lng befre...(得过好久才……)It will nt be lng befre...(过不了多久就……)
3．as，when，while用法一览表
4.引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有：(1)till，(until) 't get ff the bus until it has stpped.He waited fr his father until/till it was twelve 'clck.(2)，n 表示“刚……就……”We had hardly gt/Hardly had we gt int the cuntry when it began t rain.N sner had he arrived/He had n sner arrived than she started cmplaining.
(3)directly, immediately, the mment, the minute, the instant, as sn as意为“一……就……”He made fr the dr directly he heard the knck.The mment he saw his mther, he burst int tears.(4)each time, every timeEach time he came t my city, he wuld call n me.
二、让步状语从句1．althugh与thugh可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。Althugh/Thugh they are pr，(yet) they are warmhearted.2．even if或even thugh引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”“纵然”，用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。I'll get there even if/thugh I have t sell my huse t get enugh mney t g by air.
3．n matter后接wh，what，where，hw等疑问词引导让步状语从句，也可以在这类疑问词后面加上－ever构成whever，whatever，wherever，hwever等。但在引导名词性从句时，只能用“疑问词＋－ever”类词。Dn't trust him, n matter what/whatever he says.I will eat whatever yu give me.N matter hw/Hwever hard the wrk is, yu'd better try t d it well.
4．as也可以引导让步状语从句，需将从句中的表语、状语以及谓语中的实义动词提前至从句句首，引起倒装； 作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需省去。thugh引导的从句也可以倒装，但althugh引导的不可以。Child as/thugh he is, he knws a lt.Much as I like it, I wn't buy.Try as he wuld, he culdn't lift the heavy bx.5．while也可以引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”，比thugh/althugh语气弱。while引导的让步状语从句一般要位于句首。
三、原因状语从句：because，as，since，nw that1．表示不知道的原因时用because，即说话人认为听话人不知道，因此because从句是全句最重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。Yu want t knw why I'm leaving? I'm leaving because I'm fed up with the bss.2．表示已经知道的原因时用as或since，即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，因此它是句中不太重要的部分。since要比as正式一些，它们通常被置于主句之前，但有时却相反。Seeing all f the children already seated, he said, “Since everyne is here, let's start.”
3．下列情况下只能使用because：(1)在回答why的问句时； (2)在用于强调句型时； (3)被nt所否定时。四、地点状语从句：where，wherever等Make a mark wherever yu have any questins.We will g where the Party directs us.
五、目的状语从句：that，s that，in rder that注意：目的状语从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句，不可置于句首。He gt up early s that he culd catch the early train.六、结果状语从句：that，s that，，注意：s＋形容词/副词＋that从句；such＋名词＋that从句。She is s gd that we all like her.He is such a gd teacher that we all respect him.
七、方式状语从句：as，as if/thughI'll d as I am tld t.It lks as if it is ging t rain.八、条件状语从句：if，unless，s/as lng as，in case, nce，n cnditin that等Yu can use my bike as lng as yu return it n time.
九、比较状语从句：than；(nt) ；(nt) the same as；the＋比较级，the＋比较级He wrks as hard as thers.We treat bys exactly the same as girls.The sun is much bigger than the earth.The mre yu eat, the fatter yu will be.
►写作中并列句和状语从句易错聚焦一、在写作中往往缺乏并列句意识，主要存在以下两个方面的倾向：1．机械排列简单句I believe I am fit fr it. I'm writing t apply fr the psitin.如果我们把意义相关的这两个句子用适当的连词连接起来，可得到下面的句子：I believe I am fit fr it, s I'm writing t apply fr the psitin.比较一下，同学们是不是感觉后者要优于前者呢？并列连词的使用可增强句子之间的逻辑性和美感，使句子之间显得更加紧凑。
2．逗号连接两个简单句I'm enthusiatic and easy－ging，I' m easy t get alng with and can cperate well with thers.在该句中含有两个简单句，中间用逗号起了连接作用，显然这是不符合英语语法规则的。我们不妨做如下改动：I'm enthusiastic and easy－ging，s I'm easy t get alng with and can cperate well with thers.
二、对于状语从句，在实际运动中主要存在以下问题：1．从句意识缺乏The Exp is very attractive. We are all eager t pay a visit t it.The Exp is s attractive that we are all eager t pay a visit t it.通过比较不难发现，后句比前句更加紧凑且逻辑性强，增强了交际效果。2．状语从句成分残缺(误)Please clse the drs and windws befre leave the classrm.(正)Please clse the drs and windws befre yu leave the classrm.由于受汉语的干扰，第一句中状语从句中漏掉了主语。
3．连接词误用(误)Teachers and parents shuld respect us n matter we are in r utside schl.(正)Teachers and parents shuld respect us whether we are in r utside schl.这两句尽管从汉语角度来看意思相同，但是从语法角度n matter一般后跟特殊疑问词，而whether可直接引导状语从句。(误)Thugh he is cnsidered a great writer，but wrks are nt widely read.(正)Thugh he is cnsidered a great writer, his wrks are nt widely read.在让步状语从句中，thugh和althugh不能与but连用。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Yu have t mve ut f the way ________________ the truck cannt get past yu.2．Mike was usually s careful, ___________ this time he made a small mistake.3．Find ways t praise yur children ften, _______yu'll find they will pen their hearts t yu.4．At schl, sme students are active _________ sme are shy，yet they can be gd friends with ne anther.5．Everything was placed exactly _________ he wanted it fr the graduatin ceremny.
r/therwise
6．Ht _____________ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were s tired after the lng jurney.7．It is hard fr the Greek gvernment t get ver the present difficulties __________ it gets mre financial supprt frm the Eurpean Unin.8．___________ hard yu try, it is difficult t lse weight withut cutting dwn the amunt yu eat.9．The dctr tld the patient t g n a diet ___________ he was verweight.10．There nce was a very rich man. He was s generus t everybdy arund him ________ many peple in his neighbrhd knew him.
Ⅱ.语法填空(连词专练)My mther was cking in the kitchen 1._________ I was ding my schl assignments. N sner had I finished my hmewrk 2.________ the dr bell rang. Hwever，my sister unlcked the dr 3.__________ I culd pen it. We were surprised the mment we saw her 4.___________ her clthes and face were terribly dirty. She lked much prer 5.________ we expected. 6._________ we didn't knw what had happened t her, we std there and waited fr my sister's stry. We wuldn't leave 7.__________ my sister tld us all abut it. 8._________ my sister gt changed, she tld us that she fell int a ditch 9.________ she walked n a path n her way t my uncle's hme in the cuntryside.
She culdn't get ut f the she cried fr help ludly, n ne culd hear her. She tried t climb ut f it, but 11.___________ hard she tried, she failed t escape frm it. 12.______ time went by, she gt wrried.After several vain attempts she had t stand 13._________ she was and waited 14._________ a by student passed by and gave her a hand. The by reached her a lng rpe and tld her t climb with the rpe. She did 15.______ the by tld，s that she came ut.
Althugh/Thugh
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