(通用版)高考英语二轮复习课件 第3讲 专题3介词 (含详解)

这是一份(通用版)高考英语二轮复习课件 第3讲 专题3介词 (含详解)，共31页。PPT课件主要包含了重 温 真 题，to ，for ，as ，in ，with ，by ，without ，offor ，of 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1　　重 温 真 题
2　　考 点 精 析
3　　考 点 集 训
考向1　常见介词的考查单句语法填空1．(2019·浙江卷)The answer ______ this questin is nt clear.解析：考查介词。句意：这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/answer t ...这是固定搭配，“……的答案是……”。故填t。
2．(2018·浙江卷)If yu are nt ging t suffer this prblem, then I suggest that the next time yu g t yur mum's hme _______ dinner, get a few cking tips frm her. 解析：考查介词。表示去母亲家去吃饭，表示去向、目的用介词fr，故填fr。3．(2017·全国Ⅰ)This trend, which was started by the medical cmmunity(医学界) ______ a methd f fighting heart disease, has had sme unintended side effects such as verweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical cmmunity was trying t fight.解析：此处指作为抵抗心脏病的一种方法，所以用介词as。
4．(2017·全国Ⅲ)After schl she plans t take a year ff t mdel full－time befre ging t university t get a degree ______ engineering r architecture.解析：关于某个专业的学位要用介词in。a degree in engineering r architecture工程学或建筑学学位。5．(全国Ⅲ)Chpsticks are nt used everywhere in Asia. In India, fr example, mst peple traditinally eat ________ their hands.解析：with ne's hands用某人的手。介词with意为“用”。
6．(全国Ⅰ)Fr thse wh fly t Guilin, it's nly an hur away ______ car and ffers all the scenery f the better knwn city.解析：根据句意可知，此处表示“驱车只有一个小时的路程”。“by＋交通工具名词”表示乘坐交通工具。
7．(广东)One day, the cw was eating grass when it began t rain heavily. While making great effrts t run away, she fell ver the hill and died. Then the Jhnsns had t make a living ___________ the cw.解析：根据句意可知，奶牛在慌忙躲雨的时候，不小心摔死了，因此Jhnsn一家就不得不在没有了奶牛的情况下生活。故填withut。
考向2　短语搭配中的介词单句语法填空1．(2019·全国I卷)Mdern methds __________ tracking plar bear ppulatins have been emplyed nly since the mid－1980s, and are expensive t perfrm cnsistently ver a large area. 解析：考查介词。此处tracking plar bear ppulatins作mdern methds的定语，用f 连接，“methds f ding sth.”，意为“……的方法”，构成固定结构。或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用fr。故填f/fr。
2．(2019·全国III卷)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ______ dgs，seven t be exact.解析：考查介词。“a pack f”意为“一群”。故填f。3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I was searching _______ these three western lwland grillas I'd been bserving. N ne had seen them fr hurs, and my clleagues and I were wrried.解析：考查动词短语搭配。search fr是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，表示“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地的大猩猩。
4．(2017·全国Ⅱ)It(the first undergrund passenger railway) ran fr just under seven kilmeters and allwed peple t avid terrible crwds n the rads abve as they travelled t and ________ wrk.解析：travel t and frm wrk上下班。5．(全国Ⅰ)But my cnnectin with pandas ges back ______ my days n a TV shw in the mid－1980s.解析：g back t为固定短语，意为“回到，追溯到”。
6．(全国Ⅱ)Mst f us are mre fcused ______ ur tasks in the mrning than we are later in the day.解析：句意：我们中的很多人早晨的注意力要比一天中晚些时候的注意力更集中。 be fcused n专心于，集中于，为固定短语。
7．(全国Ⅱ)When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are nw cld enugh t cl the huse during the ht day; ______ the same time, they warm up again fr the night.解析：at the same time意为“同时”，是一个常用的介词短语。8．(新课标全国Ⅱ)When the bus finally came, we all hurried n bard. I gt a place next ______ the windw, s I had a gd view f the sidewalk.解析：此处考查一个固定短语next t，意为“挨着”。
►介词的句法功能1．介词不能单独使用，但“介词＋宾语”构成的介词短语可在句中作状语、定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语等。2．介词后的宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词、疑问句＋不定式、wh－从句等。
►介词的核心考点介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等)构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分。介词分为：简单介词，如at，in，fr等；合成介词，如within，inside，nt，thrughut等；短语介词，如accrding t，ut f，because f，by means f，in spite f，instead f等；双重介词，如frm behind/abve/under等；分词介词，如cnsidering，including，judging (frm/by)等。
►固定搭配1．介词与名词类at breakfast在吃早饭；at hme在家里；at the cinema在电影院；by accident偶然；access t能够进入；能够使用；attitude t/twards对……的态度；effect n对……的影响；lack f缺乏。2．动词＋介词类wrry abut为……担忧；talk abut谈论；hear abut听说；laugh at嘲笑；smile at对……微笑；shut at对……大喊；knck at敲击；hear frm收到……的来信；shw ff炫耀；meet with遇到；遭受；accuse sb f sth.因某事指控某人；remind sb.f sth.提醒某人某事。
3．介词与形容词busy with忙于；gd fr对……有好处；pleased with对……感到满意；interested in对……感兴趣；kind t对……友好。►书面表达中介词易错点聚焦1．句尾介词往往由于受到汉语的影响而缺少
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．It has n religius significance；the funders ______the mvement adpted it in hnr f Switzerland.2．“If yu see us，” Velez tells them，“dn't hide! We have cme t rescue yu，” Velez gives his presentatins ______ English.3．He spent all day helping thers, handing ut charity t the pr, and lking after abandned animals. Very seldm did he ever d that _______ anything.4．Many f my friends met ______ Wednesday in the early mrning t g t a specific parking lt sale held at a stre.
5．The glbal jurney is led by an expeditin leader，Steve Mre, ______ memry f his father, a firefighter wh died f lung cancer at the age f 63.6．The paper had fallen dwn ___________ the desk and the wall.7．Thanks t the Internet, there are many ways t make friends nw ___________ even leaving yur hme.8．An agreement seems t be impssible because the majrity f the cmmittee members are ___________ it.9．Nwadays sme hspitals refer t patients ______ name, nt case number.10．Smetimes prper answers are nt far t seek ______ fd safety prblems.
Ⅱ.语法填空(介词专练)I was in a restaurant. I nticed an elderly cuple 1.________ a balln tied t their table. When I asked them what the ccasin was, they tld me it was their 50th wedding anniversary. I was glad and sad 2._______ them at the same time. I was glad because they still cherished each ther. I was sad because they were 3.______ their wn, withut any children r friends. After I went back t my table I thught I shuld pay their bill. I tried t d it, and the restaurant manager and the waitresses asked me curiusly wh they were 4.______ me. Finally，I tld them I wrked in a church and felt it was my duty t d s.
The elderly cuple were surprised and speechless when tld a ttal stranger had paid 5._______ them. All f us were nearly 6.______ tears: the cuple, the manager, the waitresses and me.Tw mnths later I gt a call 7.________ a newspaper telling me my simple act f kindness was reprted. I wasn't expecting anything 8.______ return, but I became famus 9._______ that act f kindness. What wuld and culd happen 10.______ us if we always practice such acts f kindness n family, friends, neighbrs and strangers?