(通用版)高考英语三轮冲刺课件专题二　短文改错 (含答案)

这是一份(通用版)高考英语三轮冲刺课件专题二　短文改错 (含答案)，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了篇章分析，考点分析，解题步骤，考点一，考点二，考点三，考点四，一名词的错用 ，二冠词的错用 ，五介词的错用等内容，欢迎下载使用。

专题二　短文改错
篇章分析
考点分析
解题步骤
篇章分析
考点分析
解题步骤
篇章分析
考点分析
解题步骤
短文改错体裁多为记叙文,题材和语言贴近学生实际生活,为考生所熟知,有的带点幽默,有的包含教育意义。文字浅显易懂,材料中没有生僻、超纲的词汇;句子结构简单,基本上是简单句和并不复杂的复合句;语言地道,符合英语语言习惯。文章长度为 100—120词,大约10个句子,共10处错,错误形式有三种,其中错词8处,多词、缺词各1处。
篇章分析
考点分析
解题步骤
Step 1　浏览全文,弄懂文意,标出明显错误。短文改错主要考查考生在篇章结构中对英语语言知识的综合运用能力,所以考生在做短文改错题时,首先应浏览全文,弄清短文大意,迅速对以下几个问题作出判断:1.文章的主体时态。浏览全文,确定其主体时态到底是现在时、过去时还是将来时。然后在进一步解题的过程中,凡是和该主体时态发生冲突的局部时态,都有可能存在问题,需要引起警惕。2.文章的叙事逻辑。在篇章改错的语境中,个别单句在语法上可能是完全正确的,但它的逻辑却和全文的整体逻辑出现重大分歧。3.文章的叙事角度。短文是作者对自我事件的描述,还是对一般话题的阐述,这直接关系到短文改错题中经常出现的代词指代问题。在浏览的同时要注意两个问题:一是要改出那些较明显的错误;二是要对语意不通的地方,即有行文逻辑错误的地方初步做好记号。
篇章分析
考点分析
解题步骤
Step 2　逐句阅读,依据考点,逐句寻找错误。通过浏览短文、弄清大意同时改出了部分明显错误之后,下一步就是要整句研读、逐句改错。若是行文逻辑方面的错误,我们不仅要整句读,而且还要联系上下文通篇阅读。我们强调改错要逐“句”地改,因为短文改错所设置的错误是以“句”为单位进行安排的,即每“句”设置一至两处错误。Step 3　重读全文,仔细推敲,解决个别难题通过以上两步,我们应该可以改出了一些错误。剩余的个别的不确定的错误,我们就可以“对照考点”改错。
篇章分析
考点分析
解题步骤
四看得高分1.看每行或每句有无“一致性”错误主谓是否一致;指代是否一致;修饰语与被修饰语是否一致;前后时态是否一致;单复数是否一致;并列连词and,or,but等前后的形式是否一致。2.看每行或每句有无“搭配”错误动宾搭配;动词与介词搭配;介词与名词搭配;固定短语等。3.看每行或每句有无“词法、语法”错误冠词the,an,a误用;非谓语动词的误用;引导词误用;形容词与副词误用;时态、语态使用不当;并列连词误用(and,but,or,so等);名词单复数形式误用等。4.看每行或每句有无“逻辑意义”错误,如按照上下文意思本该用push的地方用了pull。
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词法【阅卷寄语】短文改错对词法的考查属于句内层次题,具体考点主要集中在以下几个方面:
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(一)名词的错用
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典题感悟1.(2019全国Ⅰ)To everyone’s surprising,the ball went into the net.答案:surprising→surprise解析:名词与形容词混用。“to one’s+名词”在句中表示结果,to one’s surprise意思为“使某人惊讶的是……”。故surprising→surprise。2.(2019全国Ⅰ)All the football player on the playground cheered loudly...答案:player→players解析:名词单复数混用。player(运动员)为可数名词,所以all后需要用player的复数形式。故player→players。
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3.(2019全国Ⅱ)Since I was a kid,I’ve considered different job I would like to do.答案:job→jobs解析:job是可数名词,其前有different修饰,“不同的工作”是复数概念,故此处用jobs。4.(2019全国Ⅲ)I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city.答案:city→cities解析:many different后面应用city的复数形式。5.(2017全国Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turn left!”答案:word→words解析:后面有并列的三句话,故word改为复数words。
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6.(2017全国Ⅱ)Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Internet.答案:informations→information解析:information是不可数名词,没有复数形式。7.This made for the grow in the porcelain industry.答案:grow→growth解析:前有冠词the修饰,作介词for的宾语,用名词形式。8.(2016全国Ⅰ)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.答案:honest→honesty解析:主语是key,表语与其构成同位关系,并非对主语的描述,应用名词。
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状元笔记1.可数名词单复数的错用:一般考查错把复数用作单数,偶尔也考查错把单数用作复数。2.不可数名词单复数的错用:不可数名词没有复数形式。3.可数名词与不可数名词混淆:有些词既可用作可数名词也可用作不可数名词,应注意具体语境。4.误把名词的普通格用作所有格:表示“……的”应用所有格形式。5.误把名词用作形容词:作表语时,与主语构成同位关系一般用名词,形容词一般是对主语的描述。6.误把动词用作名词:在冠词、介词后一般用名词。
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温馨提示常见的可以具体化的抽象名词有:
但是并不是所有的抽象名词都可以具体化,fun,advice,progress,information,weather,equipment,furniture这7个词就没有此用法。
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技法点拨技法.左顾右盼查名词考生应注意名词本身出现的错误,还要看该名词前面是否缺限定词、该用何种限定词,尤其要查名词前冠词的使用情况。当名词前面有形容词修饰时更要加倍注意。(1)看到名词,思考它在句子中的成分;(2)看到名词,思考它是否是可数名词;(3)看到名词,思考它的单复数是否正确,与修饰语是否一致;(4)progress,information,news,advice等词是不可数名词,没有复数,其前不用不定冠词。
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(二)冠词的错用
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典题感悟1.(2019全国Ⅲ)Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.答案:an→a解析:当名词或修饰名词的形容词以辅音音素开头时,前面的不定冠词要用a。2.(2017全国Ⅱ)They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.答案:第一个a→an/one解析:因hour是以元音音素开头的,表示数量“一”要用an或one。
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3.(2017全国Ⅲ)Around me in picture are the things that were very important in my life at that time:car magazines and musical instruments.答案:picture前加the或this解析:此处表特指,故需加the或this。4.On the right side of the class was the road.I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.答案:hurry前加a解析:in a hurry是固定短语,意为“匆忙”。5.My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in the short period of time.答案:the→a解析:此处表示“在一段短暂的时间内”,并没有特指在哪一段时间,所以应该把the改为a。
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6.Since then—for all these years—we have been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please.As result,the plants are growing everywhere.答案:result前加a解析:as a result“结果是”,故result前加a。7.My dream school looks like a big garden.There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.答案:删除flowers前的the解析:all kinds of后面直接跟名词,不用冠词。
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8.That day I didn’t learn much about animals,insects or trees,but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!答案:a→an解析:impressive以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an。9.(2016全国Ⅱ)But in that case,we will learn little about world.答案:world前加the解析:the world“这个世界”,固定短语。
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状元笔记1.a和an的错用:元音音素前用an,辅音音素前用a。2.不定冠词和定冠词的错用:表示特指时用定冠词the;表示泛指时用不定冠词a/an。3.冠词的多余:可数名词复数或不可数名词表示泛指时不用冠词。4.常用固定搭配中冠词的缺失与多余:固定搭配中的冠词是固定的,只有记住才是硬道理。
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技法点拨技法.冠词用法较灵活,特殊用法要记牢(1)体会the的特指意义和a/an泛指意义很重要①若不可数名词不加冠词,可表泛指;②若复数名词不加冠词,可表泛指;③若单数名词与the连用,可表特指;④若单数名词与a/an连用,可表泛指;⑤若上下文共指或语境特指,要用the。(2)序数词和最高级形式标志要抓牢序数词和最高级形式前用定冠词the序数词表“再一,又一”时前用不定冠词;最高级形式表“非常的”意思时前用不定冠词。
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(三)形容词和副词的错用
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典题感悟1.(2019全国Ⅱ)One was that I was amazed at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor.答案:删除more解析:much修饰well的比较级better,表示程度。2.(2019全国Ⅲ)What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.答案:ordinarily→ordinary解析:本句中应用形容词作cafe的定语,故ordinarily→ordinary。3.(2019全国Ⅱ)First,I wanted to be a fireman,whose uniform looked so coolly.答案:coolly→cool解析:look“看起来”是系动词,后接形容词作表语。
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4.(2019全国Ⅰ)I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.答案:interesting→interested解析:interesting(使人感兴趣的)常修饰物;interested(表现出兴趣的)常修饰人。句意:多亏一个偶然的事件,我对踢足球产生了兴趣。5.(2019全国Ⅰ)I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.答案:hardly→hard解析:考查副词。hard(努力地;费力地)与hardly(几乎不;几乎没有)都为副词,但是词义不同。句意:我挡住足球,并使劲地将它踢回操场。故hardly→hard。
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6.The fruits are small in size,but juicy and taste.答案:taste→tasty解析:本句中的形容词juicy和tasty和前面的small一样都和系动词are构成系表结构。句意:这些水果很小,但是多汁又美味。7.(2017全国Ⅰ)It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road.答案:suddenly→sudden解析:在名词前作定语要用形容词。8.(2017全国Ⅰ)A few minutes late,the instructor asked me to stop the car.答案:late→later解析:考查比较等级。表示“多久以后”,是“时间段+later”。
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9.(2017全国Ⅱ)They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.答案:earlier→early解析:考查比较等级。当没有比较对象时,用原级。10.(2017全国Ⅲ)I enjoyed studying different kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums.答案:late→latest解析:指“最新的”音乐集唱片,故用最高级。
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状元笔记1.原级与比较等级的错用:比较等级一般都有比较的范围;有些词本身就含有最高级含义,不能再用最高级,除favorite外,还有wonderful,exhausted等;有些词不与than连用可用于比较,如be senior to等。2.比较级的重复:若形容词和副词已经用了比较级形式,前面就不能再用more。3.近义引起的错用:例如many和much都表示“很多”,但many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可数名词。4.形近引起的错用:例如hard与hardly虽然形式相近,但词义相差甚远。5.意思重复:例如so和very表达同一含义,故不能同时使用。6.词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词、副词)。
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技法点拨技法.一见形、副思转换遇到形容词、副词时,考生应考虑它们之间的转换。无论是短文改错还是语法填空,形容词与副词之间的转换都是经常考查的。(四)代词的错用
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典题感悟1.(2019全国Ⅲ)In the cafe,customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them.答案:yourselves→themselves解析:customers是第三人称,故对应的反身代词应为themselves。2.(2018全国Ⅲ)I had done myself homework,...答案:myself→my/the解析:此处意为“我的作业或这次作业”,homework应用形容词性物主代词my或定冠词the修饰。3.(2018全国Ⅲ)They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain.答案:us→me解析:由上文my brain可知,谈话的宾语是“我”,故用人称代词的宾格me。
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4.(2017全国Ⅱ)Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school.答案:all→both解析:考查代词。因Mr. and Mrs. Zhang是两个人,而all是指 三者或三者以上的“都”,故改all为表示两者“都”的both。5.(2017全国Ⅲ)This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.答案:you→my解析:是“我的”照片,应是“我的”学生时代美好的回忆。6.At last,I will be on my own,but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.答案:whenever后加I解析:whenever引导让步状语从句,从句缺主语,根据句意可知,“我”需要父母的帮助,故在whenever后加I。
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7.Five minutes later,Tony saw parents.答案:saw后加his解析:这里指Tony的父母,因此saw后面需加his。8.If we go on a trip abroad,we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books.答案:your→our解析:由前面的“we go on a trip”和“we can broaden”可知,应把your→our。
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状元笔记1.代词的数的错用:人称代词、物主代词以及反身代词等都有单复数之分,要根据上下文确定单复数。2.物主代词的错用:形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,不能单独使用,常用来修饰名词;名词性物主代词相当于名词,常单独使用,不能修饰名词。3.人称代词与物主代词的错用:人称代词表示“谁”,而物主代词表示“谁的”。4.人称代词与反身代词的错用:反身代词是指代主语的,使动作的发出者把动作反射到本人身上。若所用代词与主语不一致,就要用人称代词而不用反身代词。
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5.不定代词的错用:常见的有many与much,some(thing)与any(thing),other与another,表示两者的both,either,neither与表示三者或三者以上的all,none等。6.代词的指代错误:若文中出现代词,它所代替的词一定存在于前文的某处,要注意它们的一致性。7.代词的缺失:主要是人称代词与物主代词的缺失,若缺少主语需考虑是否用人称代词,还要根据上下文考虑名词前是否缺少物主代词。8.代词的多余:主要是定语从句中代词的多余。在定语从句中,若引导词在从句中作宾语,此时就不能再用it,him或them等作宾语。
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技法点拨技法.代词格,细领悟,前后指代要一致(1)看到代词,思考它与指代内容是否一致;(2)看到代词,思考它的数、所有格是否正确;(3)看到不定代词,思考它的含义、特点、作用及与其他相近不定代词的区别。
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(五)介词的错用
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典题感悟1.(2018全国Ⅱ)Still I was unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.答案:for→with解析:play games with sb.意为“和某人一起玩游戏”。2.(2017全国Ⅱ)They have also bought for some gardening tools.答案:删除for解析:因buy是及物动词,表示买某物,其后直接接宾语。3.(2017全国Ⅲ)When I look at this picture of myself I realize of how fast time flies.答案:删除realize后的of解析:因realize是及物动词,后直接接宾语从句,不需再用介词of,故删除。
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4....and with the help by our father,my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.答案:by→of解析:考查固定搭配。with the help of...“在……的帮助下”。5.There are too many people among my family.答案:among→in解析:in my family为固定搭配。
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状元笔记1.介词基本用法的错用:有时我们会受汉语的影响错用介词,例如:“在墙上有一个洞”,英语应用in the wall而不是on the wall。2.固定搭配中介词的错用:介词可与名词、动词、形容词等构成固定搭配,其中的介词是固定的。有时搭配中介词不同意义也不同。3.介词的缺失:不及物动词后跟宾语时应加相应的介词。4.介词的多余:及物动词后直接跟宾语,无须再加介词;last,next后跟名词表时间时无需加介词。
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技法点拨技法.介词用法要分清(1)看到介词,思考与动词搭配是否正确:及物动词后可直接跟宾语,无需加介词;不及物动词不可直接跟宾语,其后要加上相应的介词才能跟宾语。(2)看到介词,思考与名词搭配是否正确。(3)留意特殊词,如leave...for;in all directions;from...to...;answer/key/note/solution/approach后加介词to等。
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(六)其他词汇的错用典题感悟1.(2019全国Ⅱ)Then,when I was in the five grade,I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher very much.答案:five→fifth解析:表示“五年级”,应用序数词fifth修饰grade,不用基数词。2.(2019全国Ⅱ)They were two reasons for the decision.答案:They→There解析:此处是there be句型表示“有”。3.(2017全国Ⅰ)In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.答案:eighteen→eighteenth解析:考查数词。表示“第十八个”生日,要用序数词。
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考点集训A组　基础语篇练技法Passage 1主题语境:人与社会——人际关系　建议用时:7’实际用时:　　　　　　正答率:　　　　　/10 Dear friends,I am Li Hua,the president of the Students’ Union.It’s my greatly privilege to be here,share this moment with our fellow friends from the United States.During the three-weeks activities,we surely exchanged their ideas on learning,sports and cultures.One of the highlight was the sports meeting which we competed with each other in the basketball match.
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The past three weeks witness our growth and our friendship.It’s not only your enthusiasm but also your teamwork and good spirits what impress us deeply.After the precious exchange activity,we now have better understanding of each other on a whole new level.Now I sincerely hope that our friendship will last forever.Wish you all the best.Thank you.
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答案与解析:第一句:删除president前的the　表示官衔、职位的名词作同位语时不用冠词修饰,president of the Students’ Union是Li Hua的同位语。第二句:greatly→great　privilege是名词,用形容词修饰。第二句:share→sharing　句子的谓语是is,share 与my great privilege是主动关系,用动词-ing形式作状语。第三句:three-weeks→three-week　three-week是一个复合词,week用原形。第三句:their→our　宾语中的代词要与主语we在人称上保持一致。
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第四句:highlight→highlights　根据“one of+名词复数”可知用复数。第四句:which→where　考查定语从句。the sports meeting是先行词,在定语从句中作地点状语,应该用引导词where。第五句:witness→witnessed　考查动词时态。根据主语The past three weeks可知已经发生,故用一般过去时。第六句:what→that或which　考查定语从句。your teamwork and good spirits是先行词,在定语从句中作主语,引导词用that或which。第七句:better前加a　have a better understanding of“对……有更好的理解”,故加不定冠词a。
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B组　模拟语篇提能力Passage 2主题语境:人与社会——志愿服务　建议用时:7’ 实际用时:　　　　　　正答率:　　　　　/10 (2019辽宁抚顺一模)March 5th is a day in honor of Lei Feng,who people are called on to help others.On the morning of that day this year,our class met the school gate and went to a Hope Primary School by the bus.Upon arriving there,they gave us a warmly welcome.We gave the students some books,food or clothes.And then,we played several game with them and told them stories.Before we leave,we took a photo with them.See their smiling faces,we both felt a sense of happiness.We arrived home and promised to go back whenever possible.How an unforgettable experience it was!
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答案与解析:【语篇解读】文章讲述作者和同学在5月5日学雷锋活动日当天做的事情。第一句:who→when　考查定语从句。句意:5月5日是纪念雷锋活动日,这一天人们被号召去帮助他人。这是一个定语从句,who之后完整句不缺成分,故要考虑关系副词,先行词是March 5th,为时间,在从句中作时间状语,故who→when。第二句:met后加at　考查介词。at the school gate“在学校大门口”,为固定搭配。故加at。第二句:去掉bus前的the　考查冠词。by bus“乘公交车”,固定搭配。故将the去掉。第三句:warmly→warm　考查形容词。前面是a,后面是名词,此处缺形容词。故warmly→warm。
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第四句:or→and　考查连词。句意:我们给这些学生一些书、食物和衣服。表并列,故or→and。第五句:game→games　考查名词的数。前有several修饰,意为“好几个”,后接复数名词。故game→games。第六句:leave→left　考查时态。主句时态是一般过去时,从句要保持一致,故leave→left。第七句:See→Seeing　考查非谓语动词。主句主语是we,与see是主动关系,用动词-ing形式表主动,故See→Seeing。第七句:both→all　考查代词。both表两者,all表示三者及以上,从文中可以知道我们班都去了,故both→all。第九句:How→What　考查感叹句。感叹句结构:What a/an+adj.+n.! =How+adj./adv.+a/an+n.!由后面的不定冠词来看,这里修饰的是名词,故How→What。
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C组　真题语篇通高考Passage 3主题语境:人与社会——农村变化　建议用时:6’实际用时:　　　　　　正答率:　　　　　/10 (2018全国Ⅰ)During my last winter holiday,I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.I find a big change there.The first time I went there,they were living in a small house with dogs,ducks,and another animals.Last winter when I went here again,they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken.They also had a small pond which they raised fish.My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.I felt happily that their life had improved.At the end of our trip,I told my father that I planned to return for every two years,but he agreed.
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答案与解析:【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在去年寒假期间和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶过程中的所见所闻,由此讲述了乡下的巨大变化。第一句:countryside前加the　countryside意为“农村;乡下”,与the连用。第二句:find→found　本文讲述的是去年寒假的事情,所以应用find的过去式found。第三句:another→other　此处表示“有狗、鸭子,还有其他的动物”,所以应该用other。第四句:here→there　与第二句中的there对应,here→there。第四句:chicken→chickens　dozens of后面应用chicken的复数形式。
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第五句:which→where或which前加in　本句是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是pond,关系副词在定语从句中作状语,相当于in which,故which→where或在其前加in。第六句:sell→selling　介词后应用动词-ing形式,故sell→selling。第七句:happily→happy　本句中felt是系动词,意为“觉得”,后面应用形容词作表语,故happily→happy。第八句:删除for　every two years“每隔两年”是固定搭配,前面不用介词。第八句:but→and　“我计划每两年回乡下一次”与“我父亲同意了”是并列关系,不表示转折,故but→and。
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C组　真题语篇通高考Passage 3主题语境:人与自我——学驾照　建议用时:7’　实际用时:　　　　　　正答率:　　　　　/10 (2017全国Ⅰ)In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday,I took driving lessons.I still remember how hard first day was.Before getting into the car,I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders,so once I started the car,my mind goes blank.I forgot what he had said to me altogether.The instructor kept repeating the word,“Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.A few minutes late,the instructor asked me to stop the car.It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.
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答案与解析:【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在暑假期间考驾照第一天发生的故事。第一句:eighteen→eighteenth　考查数词。句意:在我十八岁生日后的那个暑假。eighteen意思为“十八,十八个”,表示数量,eighteenth表示“第十八个”,故eighteen→eighteenth。第二句:first前加the/my　考查冠词或代词。句意:我依然记得第一天是多么艰难。句中特指开始学驾驶的第一天,所以在first前加上the。也可以加上my,my first day表示“我(学驾驶)的第一天”,故在first前加the或my。第三句:so→but/yet　考查连词。根据句意可知作者本以为自己已经掌握了教练的指令,结果一发动车,脑中一片空白,前后文为转折关系,故so→but或yet。
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第三句:goes→went　考查时态。根据前文中的started可知时态为一般过去时,故将goes→went。第五句:word→words　考查单复数。句意:教练一直喊“加速!”“减速!”“左转!”word“单词,消息”,words 可以表示为word的复数,也表示某人说的话,这里指教练说的那些话,故word→words。第五句:Turning→Turn　考查动词。分析语境可知教练的话“加速!”“减速!”“左转!”都是祈使句,根据前文“Speed up!”“Slow down!”也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形,故Turning→Turn。第六句:删除much　考查固定句型。句意:我如此紧张以至于无法分辨哪个方向是左。固定句型so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”,much为多余成分,故将much去掉。
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第七句:late→later　考查副词。late“迟地”,later“稍后,随后”。此处表示“几分钟之后”,故late→later。第八句:suddenly→sudden　考查形容词。句意:我来了个紧急刹车。suddenly是副词,表示“意外地,忽然地”。sudden为形容词,表示“突然的;迅速的”,修饰名词stop用形容词,故suddenly→sudden。a sudden stop表示“急刹车”。第八句:on→of　考查介词。分析语境可知此处表示“在路中间急刹车”,on the road表示“在路上”,in the middle of表示“在……的中央”,强调的是“the middle”,故将on改为of。
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句法【阅卷寄语】短文改错对句法的考查主要集中在以下几个方面:出错的原因主要有两方面:一是对句子结构分析不到位;二是对各种从句的引导词掌握不熟练,语法知识掌握不完整。
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(一)并列连词and/or/ but等的错用典题感悟1.(2019全国Ⅱ)When I studied chemistry in high school,I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor.答案:or→and解析:由“再次考虑目标”和“决定当医生”是顺承关系,故表示选择关系的or改为and。2.(2019全国Ⅰ)Suddenly football fell just in front of me but almost hit me.I stopped the ball...答案:but→and解析:考查连词。句意:突然一个足球落在我前边并且差点打到我。“足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系,不是转折关系。故but→and。
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3.We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.答案:but→and解析:我们四处逃跑,很幸运的是没有人受伤。连词前后为并列关系,故用and。4.Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year,but we have never had any disease or insect attack problem.答案:but→yet或删除but解析:连词although不能和but连用,但可以和yet连用。故可以去掉but或but→yet。
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状元笔记1.并列连词错用。常见的并列连词有:and表示顺承,but表示转折,or表示选择,so表示因果。应根据逻辑关系选择适当的连词。2.并列连词多余:although/though和but,because和so均不能连用,一般去掉but或so;另外,一个从句只能有一个引导词。技法点拨技法.起承转合查连词考生应认真分析句子结构,如果是并列句或复合句,要特别注意前后分句或主从句的关系,确保在意义和结构上通顺流畅。
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(二)关系代词、副词的错用典题感悟1.(2019全国Ⅰ)One afternoon where I was in primary school,I was walking by the school playground.答案:where→when解析:考查定语从句。先行词One afternoon表示时间,在定语从句中作状语,所以关系词使用when。故将where→when。2.(2019全国Ⅲ)In the cafe,customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.答案:what→that/which解析:本句是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是environment,关系代词在定语从句中作主语,用that或者which。
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3.The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favorite.答案:what→that/which或删除what解析:分析句子结构可知,dishes后面为定语从句,从句中缺少cooked的宾语,故可以使用that/which或省略。4.Having tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner,that might not be served until 8 o’clock at night.答案:that→which解析:引导非限制性定语从句,要用关系代词which而不用that。
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状元笔记1.关系代词that与which的错用:在非限制性定语从句和介词后用which;在不定代词、最高级、序数词后用that。特别提醒:what不能引导定语从句。2.关系代词与关系副词的错用:关系代词在从句中作主、宾、表和定语;关系副词作状语。3.关系词的缺失:主要考查在there be句型中,容易受汉语影响而漏用关系词who/that/which。
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技法点拨技法.重点关注定语从句常考点(1)定语从句中关系代词(副词)的选择取决于句子缺少何种成分和意义是否完整;(2)that不能引导非限制性定语从句;(3)which在引导非限制性定语从句时,可代表主句内容;(4)where在定语从句中充当(抽象)地点状语;why在定语从句中作原因状语;when在定语从句中作时间状语。
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(三)其他从句中连接词的错用典题感悟1.The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.答案:where→when解析:父母是在“我”小时候教“我”玩纸牌的,所以此处是用when引导时间状语从句。2.If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt,tell your teacher immediately.答案:删除when解析:根据句意,如果你注意到有人失踪或受伤……,可知此处是that引导的宾语从句表陈述,故when多余。
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3.My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.答案:that→where解析:to为介词,其后为宾语从句,引导词在从句中作地点状语,应用where。故that→where。4.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.答案:how→what解析:do后缺宾语,故how→what。
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状元笔记1.连接词与连接代词的错用:连接词不作成分,而连接代词需作成分。2.连接词与连接副词的错用:连接词不作成分,而连接副词作状语。3.连接代词与连接副词的错用:连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语,而连接副词在从句中作状语。
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技法点拨技法1.悟“一个中心、两个基本点”(1)“一个中心”:从句的类型①若从句是陈述句,则用that引导;②若从句是一般疑问句,则用 whether/if引导;若从句是特殊疑问句,则用what,who,which,whose where,why等引导。(2)“两个基本点”①根据从句的位置,确定从句的类型;②掌握名词性从句引导词在用法上的区别,尤其是that,what,which在用法上的区别。
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技法2.明晰连词功能,确定答案不用怀疑(1)在虚拟语气中,关键词的意义和“句意”是判断是否为虚拟语气的重点,解决此类问题要重点考虑时间、主从句结构两个方面。(2)suggest,insist表示“坚持认为”的时候用虚拟语气,从句用“(should+)动词原形”,should可以省略。(3)if后的句子是不真实的假设,用虚拟语气,与现在事实相反用一般过去时,与过去事实相反用过去完成时;否则,要遵循“主将从现”的原则。
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考点集训A组　基础语篇练技法Passage 1主题语境:人与自我——老师初体验　建议用时:6’　实际用时:　　　　　　正答率:　　　　　/10 Being a teacher is always believed to be one of greatest occupations,because teachers make great contributions for the world.Last week,I got a chance to experience teaching students.Our school asked us to teach some kids live in the countryside.The kids was so happy that they gave me a warm welcome.I teach them English and after class,we played games happily.We had a lot of funs together.When I returned back to school,I missed the students so much.They like me but some of them have kept in touch with me ever since.I felt so proudly of being a teacher.
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答案与解析:第一句:greatest前加the　考查冠词。形容词的最高级前加the。句意:当老师一直被认为是最伟大的职业之一。第一句:for→to　考查介词。make contributions to意为“对……做出贡献”。第三句:us→me　考查代词。和上句中的“I”一致,用宾格me作宾语。句意:我们学校让我给乡下的一些孩子上课。第三句:live→living　考查非谓语动词。作定语修饰kid,表主动,用动词-ing形式作状语,相当于who live。第四句:was→were　考查主谓一致。主语kids为复数名词,所以用复数形式were。
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第五句:teach→taught　考查时态。这里描述的是过去的动作,所以用过去式。第六句:funs→fun　考查名词的数。fun为不可数名词,没有复数形式。第七句:删除back　考查动词。return相当于come back,因此back多余。第八句:but→and　考查连词。“喜欢我”和“从那以后一直联系”是顺承关系,所以用and。第九句:proudly→proud　考查形容词。在系动词feel 后作表语,用形容词形式。feel proud of意为“对……感到自豪”。
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B组　模拟语篇提能力Passage 2主题语境:人与自然——绿化环境　建议用时:7’实际用时:　　　　　　正答率:　　　　　/10 (2019福建厦门一次质检)Yesterday we took part a tree planting activity organised by our class.Early in the morning,we set out for Bantou Reservoir in Xiamen.When we were arrived there,we began to work immediately.Firstly,we dug holes that are slightly larger than the root balls.Next,we gentle placed the trees into our new homes.After that,we refilled the holes use enough soil to support the root.Finally,we watered the trees.Three hours passed by after we knew it.Tired as we were,we felt exciting,talking and laughing all the way home.How an unforgettable experience!
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答案与解析:【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了昨天作者和同学们植树的过程和感受。第一句:part后加in　考查介词。表示“参加……”,应用take part in。故在part后加in。第三句:删除were　arrive为不及物动词,不用于被动语态。故were多余,应去掉。第四句:are→were　考查时态。该句介绍的是昨天的情况,应用一般过去时态,故将are改为were。第五句:gentle→gently　考查副词。修饰动词placed,应用副词。故gentle→gently。第五句:our→their　考查代词。该句指“我们”把树放到它们的(树的)新家里。故our→their。
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第六句:use→using　考查非谓语动词。“我们”用足够的土壤将洞重新填满。we refilled the holes是主句,后面部分为状语。we和use是主动关系,应用动词-ing形式作状语,故将use改为using。第六句:root→roots　考查名词。root是可数名词。“我们”种了很多树,所以有很多棵,故该处应用名词复数形式。故将root改为roots。第八句:after→before　考查连词。句意:不知不觉间,三个小时过去了。“三个小时过去”发生在“我们知道这一点”之前,故将after改为before。
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第九句:exciting→excited　考查形容词。exciting意为“令人兴奋的”,形容事物的性质特点。该处指“我们感到兴奋”,表示人的感受,应用excited。故exciting→excited。第十句:How→What　考查感叹句。how是副词,what是形容词。引导感叹句时,如果后面的名词有冠词、形容词修饰时,语序为“how+adj.+a/an+n.”。如果语序为“a/an+adj.+n.”则需用what引导该从句。故将How改为What。
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C组　真题语篇通高考Passage 3主题语境:人与自我——学驾照　建议用时:7’　实际用时:　　　　　　正答率:　　　　　/10 (2017全国Ⅰ)In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday,I took driving lessons.I still remember how hard first day was.Before getting into the car,I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders,so once I started the car,my mind goes blank.I forgot what he had said to me altogether.The instructor kept repeating the word,“Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.A few minutes late,the instructor asked me to stop the car.It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.
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答案与解析:【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在暑假期间考驾照第一天发生的故事。第一句:eighteen→eighteenth　考查数词。句意:在我十八岁生日后的那个暑假。eighteen意思为“十八,十八个”,表示数量,eighteenth表示“第十八个”,故eighteen→eighteenth。第二句:first前加the/my　考查冠词或代词。句意:我依然记得第一天是多么艰难。句中特指开始学驾驶的第一天,所以在first前加上the。也可以加上my,my first day表示“我(学驾驶)的第一天”,故在first前加the或my。第三句:so→but/yet　考查连词。根据句意可知作者本以为自己已经掌握了教练的指令,结果一发动车,脑中一片空白,前后文为转折关系,故so→but或yet。
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第三句:goes→went　考查时态。根据前文中的started可知时态为一般过去时,故将goes→went。第五句:word→words　考查单复数。句意:教练一直喊“加速!”“减速!”“左转!”word“单词,消息”,words 可以表示为word的复数,也表示某人说的话,这里指教练说的那些话,故word→words。第五句:Turning→Turn　考查动词。分析语境可知教练的话“加速!”“减速!”“左转!”都是祈使句,根据前文“Speed up!”“Slow down!”也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形,故Turning→Turn。第六句:删除much　考查固定句型。句意:我如此紧张以至于无法分辨哪个方向是左。固定句型so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”,much为多余成分,故将much去掉。
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第七句:late→later　考查副词。late“迟地”,later“稍后,随后”。此处表示“几分钟之后”,故late→later。第八句:suddenly→sudden　考查形容词。句意:我来了个紧急刹车。suddenly是副词,表示“意外地,忽然地”。sudden为形容词,表示“突然的;迅速的”,修饰名词stop用形容词,故suddenly→sudden。a sudden stop表示“急刹车”。第八句:on→of　考查介词。分析语境可知此处表示“在路中间急刹车”,on the road表示“在路上”,in the middle of表示“在……的中央”,强调的是“the middle”,故将on改为of。
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动词的错用【阅卷寄语】动词的考查主要集中在动词的时态语态、主谓一致以及非谓语动词的误用上。命题者往往把具体的词汇放到语境中考查,很少出现具体的时间状语,于是就导致了失误的出现。
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(一)谓语动词的错用典题感悟1.(2019全国Ⅲ)Now my dream is to opens a cafe.答案:opens→open解析:此处to为动词不定式符号,后跟动词原形。故opens→open。2.(2019全国Ⅲ)Though it may appear simple,it required a lot of ideas and efforts.答案:required→requires解析:根据may可知,本句为一般现在时,且主语为it,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
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3.(2019全国Ⅱ)One was that...And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.答案:is→was解析:此处作者讲述的是上中学时的事情,提到两个原因,上文用的One was that...,那么此处And the other...应与之一致,也应用was。4.(2017全国Ⅱ)When summer came, they will invite their students...答案:came→comes解析:主句谓语动词will invite是一般将来时,从句应用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故came→comes。5.(2017全国Ⅲ)I had grown not only physically, but also mentally in the past few years.答案:had→have解析:in the past few years常与现在完成时连用,故改had为have。
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6.(2017全国Ⅲ)I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.答案:become→became解析:由and可知,become应与前面的entered一致,用一般过去时。7.(2017全国Ⅲ)About one month after this photo was took,I entered my second year of high school...答案:took→taken解析:这是被动语态,应是was加take的过去分词,而take的过去分词是taken,故took→taken。
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8.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.答案:using→used解析:句意:每天他保证用新鲜的蔬菜和优质食用油来烹制食物。use与fresh vegetables and high quality oil之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态,故using→used。9.Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.答案:删除can或can→should解析:suggest在此处表示“建议”,后跟宾语从句时用虚拟语气,谓语动词为“should+动词原形”,should可省略。
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状元笔记1.动词形式的错用:有些动词的过去式与过去分词是不一样的,应注意其不同点;情态动词后一般跟动词原形,表示对过去的推测时后跟“have+过去分词”。2.时态的错用:通过“时间标志词”判断;通过“时态定义”判断;通过“动作先后关系”判断。3.语态的错用:被动语态构成错误,其构成形式为“be+过去分词”;系动词及不及物动词或短语没有被动语态。4.虚拟语气的错用;条件从句中的虚拟语气,应注意表示与现在、过去、将来事实相反时从句谓语动词的形式;宾语从句中的虚拟语气,表示“坚持、命令、建议、要求”等词后的宾语从句中谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”,被动式则为“(should) be+过去分词”。
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5.牢记动词时态和语态的常考点(1)掌握五种基本时态:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时。(2)写准动词三种形式:要写准动词的过去式、过去分词和-ing形式,重点记牢不规则动词的变化形式。(3)动词时态的分析主要从两个角度入手:动作与时间。在解题过程中,要着重分析动作是“正在进行、完成或经常性”,时间是“现在、过去或将来”,由此确定时态。短文改错的首句或相关句也往往起提示作用,应特别注意一些动词的过去式形式:burn(burnt/burned),learn(learnt/learned),build(built),pay (paid),feel(felt),catch (caught),hold(held),shoot (shot),eat(ate),ride(rode),ring(rang),sing(sang),sink(sank)等。
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(4)准确判断动词语态:分析句子主语与谓语动词之间的关系,且特别注意有关语态的一些特殊现象,如 be worth doing(无被动形式),不定式主动形式表被动含义(need/want/require doing/to be done)。最常考的是被动语态中be动词的遗漏。
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(二)非谓语动词的错用典题感悟1.(2019全国Ⅲ)I want my cafe have a special theme such as “Tang Dynasty”.答案:have前加to解析:考查非谓语动词want sb./sth. to do sth.是固定结构,意为“希望某人/某物做某事”。2.(2019全国Ⅲ)If I succeed in manage one,I will open more.答案:manage→managing解析:succeed in doing sth.是固定结构,意为“成功做某事”,故manage→managing。
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3.(2019全国Ⅰ)All the football players on the playground cheered loudly,say that I had a talent for football.答案:say→saying解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:操场上所有的足球运动员都大声欢呼,说我有足球天赋。句中谓语动词为cheered,say在这里作伴随状语。与主语players是主动关系,故say→saying。4.We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.答案:take→taking解析:between...and...“在……和……之间”,是固定结构。between为介词,后跟动词时用-ing形式,and前后连接的是并列成分,故把take→taking。
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5.I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.答案:wear→wearing解析:介词by后应用动词-ing形式作宾语。故wear→wearing。6.My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven.He wanted teach me about animals,insects and trees.答案:wanted后加to解析:固定搭配want to do sth.“想要做某事”;to是不能省略的,不定式to do sth.作want的宾语。7.One evening at sunset,we sat by the fire,have our barbecue.答案:have→having解析:本句中动词have与句子主语we构成逻辑上的主动关系,所以使用动词-ing形式在句中作状语。
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状元笔记1.不定式符号to的多余:在感官动词和使役动词(get除外)后面跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。2.不定式符号to的缺失:有些动词,如want,decide,plan等后应接带to的不定式作宾语。3.误把非谓语动词用作谓语动词:句中已有谓语动词,且另一动词不作并列谓语,则只能用非谓语动词。4.动词-ing形式与过去分词的错用:动词-ing形式表主动、进行;过去分词表被动、完成;动词-ing形式转化的形容词表示“令人……的”,常修饰物;而过去分词转化的形容词表示“感到……的”,常修饰人。5.介词to与不定式符号to的用法区别:不定式符号to后接动词原形,而介词to后需跟动词-ing形式。
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技法点拨技法.与时俱进查动词考生应认真分析动词时态、语态的使用是否正确,是否应用非谓语动词形式。尤其要根据上下文所提供的时间信息,仔细推敲,从而确定正确的动词时态。同时还需要考虑主谓一致与虚拟语气。一看时态和时间状语是否一致,看主从复合句时态是否在语法上一致;二看并列动词形式是否一致;三看动宾主谓是否准确,时态语态是否混用。
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考点集训A组　基础语篇练技法Passage 1主题语境:人与自我——我爱运动　建议用时:6’实际用时:　　　　　　正答率:　　　　　/10 I am a sports lover and I like playing the table tennis best. I can safely say I have no equals in my class. Last Friday, when I played the sport with a boy in other class, something unexpected happened. The boy played equal well. After the first two games, we were even. So in the three game, I played hard — such hard that the bat hit my glasses. It seemed some breaking pieces jumped into my left eye because I felt pain all a sudden. I immediately take off my glasses and went to the hospital nearby. Fortunately, it was something serious. However, the incident reminded me that be competitive is not always a good thing.
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答案与解析:第一句:删除the　球类名词前不加the。 第三句:other→another　other“其他的”;another“另一个”。第四句:equal→equally　修饰动词played,用副词,故改为equally。第六句:three→third　three是基数词,表示“三”,此处表示第三场比赛,前有the,故用序数词third。第六句:such→so　so修饰形容词;such修饰名词。第七句:breaking→broken　break与pieces为动宾关系,故用过去分词作定语。
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第七句:all后加of　all of a sudden为固定搭配,意为“突然”。第八句:take→took　全文用过去时态,故此处应改为一般过去时,与后面的went并列。第九句:something→nothing　由前面的Fortunately可知,应该是没什么严重的。第十句:be→being　that引导宾语从句,此处为动词-ing形式作主语。
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B组　模拟语篇提能力Passage 2主题语境:人与自我——骑自行车旅行　建议用时:7’实际用时:　　　　　　正答率:　　　　　/10 (2019河北曲周月考)We are going to organizing a bicycle trip to our school farm this Sunday.It lie in the western suburb,covering an area of about 50 acres.There are different kinds of cattle raised and variety vegetables planted.The products are provided to a school canteen,where we can enjoy a healthy diet happy.On the farm you can combine that you have learned with practice to the fullest.You expected to arrive at there at about 9 o’clock.Remember:follows the workers and don’t try to do anything strange to interest the animals or do damage to the plants during my visit.
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答案与解析:第一句:organizing→organize　考查非谓语动词。根据be going to do sth.“将要做某事”可知,to后面跟动词原形。第二句:lie→lies　考查主谓一致。本句主语是It,谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式lies。第三句:variety→various　考查形容词。该词后面有名词vegetables可知,应该使用形容词作定语,故用形容词various。第四句:第一个a→the　考查冠词。不定冠词a表示泛指,定冠词the表示特指,本句中用定冠词the修饰school canteen,特指学校的餐厅。第四句:happy→happily　考查副词。副词修饰动词。本句使用副词happily作状语修饰动词短语enjoy a healthy diet。
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第五句:that→what　考查宾语从句。本句中what引导宾语从句并在从句中作动词learn的宾语,that在宾语从句中不作任何成分。第六句:在expected前加上are　考查动词的语态。本句动词expect和主语you构成动宾关系,故用被动语态。第六句:第一个删除at　考查介词。本句中there是副词,不能作介词的宾语,所以本句中at是多余的。第七句:follows→follow　考查祈使句。冒号后是两个祈使句,由连词and连接在一起。祈使句要用动词原形。第七句:my→your　考查物主代词。通常祈使句的主语you被省略了,所以要使用物主代词your与祈使句主语You保持一致。
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C组　真题语篇通高考Passage 3主题语境:人与自我——儿时回忆　建议用时:7’ 实际用时:　　　　　　正答率:　　　　　/10 (2018全国Ⅱ)When I was little,Friday’s night was our family game night.After supper,we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room.As the kid,I loved to watch cartoons,but no matter how many times I asked to watching them,my parents would not to let me.They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain.Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school.The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
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答案与解析:第一句:Friday’s→Friday　“‘s”主要加在有生命的人或物的名词之后来表示所有关系,而此处仅仅表示周五晚上,没有所属的意思,故将Friday’s改为Friday。第二句:sort→sorts　空前有all修饰,且sort为可数名词,故用其复数形式,意为“各种各样的”。第三句:the→a 根据句意可知,此处“kid”并非特指,故应将the改为a。第三句:watching→watch　ask to do sth.意为“要求做某事”,故应将watching改为watch,此处意为“我要求看动画片”。第三句:删除let前的to　此处would是will的过去式,其后面应接动词原形,故应将to删掉。
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第四句:us→me　根据前文的“me”可知,父母会对“我”说,而不是“我们”,故将us改为me。第五句:unwilling前加was　be unwilling to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“不情愿做某事”,又因主语是I,此处的时态是一般过去时,故应在unwilling前加was。第五句:for→with　play games with sb.是固定搭配,意为“与某人玩游戏”,故应将for改为with。第六句:are→were　根据语境可知此处应用一般过去时,且主语my parents为复数形式,故用were。第七句:where→when　when引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时”,句中“I was a child”为时间状语,故应将where改为when。
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典题感悟1.(2017全国Ⅱ)Beside, they often get some useful information...答案:Beside→Besides解析:beside是介词,意为“在……的旁边”;besides可作副词,表示“此外,而且”。2.Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around it.Farther in the distance,I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains.答案:删除not解析:根据上下文内容可知,从远处可以看到雪山,故将could后的not去掉。
逻辑
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技法点拨技法.文通理顺查逻辑考生应特别关注文章的“文通理顺”,“文通”指行文合乎英文词法、句法;“理顺”指行文逻辑符合人们普遍认可的道理。
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考点集训A组　基础语篇练技法Passage 1主题语境:人与自然——环境　建议用时:6’　实际用时:　　　　　　正答率:　　　　　/10 When I was young,I lived in a place where had a lot of trees,many rivers,and was near a big lake.We had a large house with garden and lots of grass.My brothers and sisters and I played inside whenever we could in our own yard,in our neighbors’ yards,and in the empty yards down the street.We rode bikes and play ballgames with friends.And I always thought that there was something missing in my environment,as wonderful as it was.I liked going to the big lake the most.Even there,though,I felt I needed something more.The lake was big,but you could still see land in the other side.A day,my family took a trip to New York City.As we drove on the
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freeway,I looked out of the window at the ocean.As so far as I could see,there was no land on the other side.I rolled down the window and heard the sound of the sea birds.They seemed to call me,told me I would never be able to live away from the sea again.
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答案与解析:第一句:where→that/which　a place是先行词,在定语从句中作主语,故用引导词that或which。第二句:garden前加a　用不定冠词a表示泛指,意思是“一个花园”。第三句:inside→outside　根据下文的“in our own yard,in our neighbors’ yards,and in the empty yards”可知是在外面玩耍。第四句:play→played　play与rode并列,也要用一般过去式。第五句:And→But　根据上下文可知是转折关系,应该用But。
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第八句:in→on　在湖的另一边,用on the other side。第九句:A→One　one day意思是“(过去)某一天”是固定词组。第十一句:删除so　as/so far as I can see为固定搭配,意为“依我看”。第十二句:sound→sounds　有很多的小鸟在叫,应该用复数形式。第十三句:told→telling　They与tell是主动关系,用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。
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B组　模拟语篇提能力Passage 2主题语境:人与社会——越南之旅　建议用时:7’实际用时:　　　　　　正答率:　　　　　/10 (2019河南名校联盟高三2月联考)Hi,everybody.Greeting from Vietnam! We arrived there tired,but excitedly.This is our first trip to Asia and the friendly of the people is amazing.All the different sights and smells make us eager try the food.We are looking forward to eat Vietnamese food for dinner on night.Our hotel is not only cheap and also very clean.The owners are friendly and helpful.They have told us about some places we shouldn’t miss them.We planned to stay here in Ho Chi Minh City for a few days,and then travel to the north.
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答案与解析:【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者去越南的旅行的感受。第二句:Greeting→Greetings　考查名词。句意:大家好,这里是来自越南的问候。greeting表“问候”的意思时,要用复数形式,故将greeting改为greetings。第三句:there→here　考查副词。根据上文可知,作者此时正在越南,因此,此处应是指我们到了这。第三句:excitedly→excited　考查形容词。句意:我们到了这,有些累但很兴奋。but连接两个并列结构,此处是形容词作状语,表状态。第四句:friendly→friendliness　考查名词。定冠词the修饰名词。因此,需将此处的形容词friendly改为名词。
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第五句:eager后加to　考查固定用法。eager to do sth.是固定用法,意思是“渴望做某事”。第六句:eat→eating　考查非谓语动词。look forward to doing sth.“期待做某事”,这里的to是介词,后跟动词-ing形式作宾语。第六句:on→at　考查介词。句意:我们期待着晚上吃越南菜。“在晚上”要用介词at。第七句:and→but　考查连词。句意:我们的旅馆不仅便宜而且很干净。not only...but also...“不但……而且……”,是并列连词。第九句:删除them　考查代词。句意:他们告诉了我们一些我们不应该错过的地方。这是个定语从句,先行词是places,关系词在从句中作miss的宾语,用that或which,作宾语时,关系词可以省略,因此,此处的them是多余的。第十句:planned→plan　考查时态。根据语境可知,作者计划在胡志明市待几天,故要用一般现在时。
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C组　真题语篇通高考Passage 3主题语境:人与自我——写作课　建议用时:8’　实际用时:　　　　　　正答率:　　　　　/10 (2018全国Ⅲ)It was Monday morning,and the writing class had just begin.Everyone was silent,wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud.Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity;others were nervous and anxious.I had done myself homework,but I was shy.I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people.At that moment,I remembered that my father once said,“The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks,and mistake as well.”Immediate,I raised my hand.
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答案与解析:第一句:begin→begun　考查时态。由前面的had可知,此处需要用过去完成时,所以用begin的过去分词begun。注意不要误写成过去式began。第二句:wait→waiting　考查非谓语动词。“Everyone was silent”为主句,故动词wait只能是非谓语动词,且和主句的主语everyone为主动关系,所以用动词-ing形式作状语,表示伴随。第二句:and→or　考查连词。由句意可知,大家都在等待谁会被叫起来读文章。不一定会是谁,所以用or表示不确定。第三句:take前加to　考查非谓语动词。形容词eager“渴望的”,后面通常接动词不定式作宾语。
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第四句:myself→my/the　考查代词或冠词。分析句子可知,这里需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词homework,或用定冠词the表特指,指的是写作课布置的作业。第五句:删除that　考查句子结构。这里考查的是be afraid to do sth.结构,不是完整的从句结构,所以that多余。第五句:larger→large　考查形容词比较等级。由句意可知,这里没有涉及比较级的概念,所以用形容词原级。第六句:include→includes　考查主谓一致。分析句子结构和句意可知,that指代前面的learning“学习过程”,且句子为现在时态,所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。
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第六句:mistake→mistakes　考查名词单复数。由句意可知,学习包括从课本中学习和从错误中学习。mistake在此应为复数概念。第七句:Immediate→Immediately　考查副词。分析句子结构可知,这里需要用副词作状语修饰句子。注意首字母大写。