(通用版)高考英语二轮专题复习 专题4 语法填空课件+讲义（2份打包，含解析）

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2020
专题 4
语法填空
04
目录
微专题 02 无提示词题目的解题技巧
（三十）
（三十一）
（三十四）
微专题 01 有提示词题目的解题技巧
（二十八）
（二十九）
（三十二）
微专题 01
微专题 02
（三十三）
　　语法填空能全面考查学生在英语词汇、语法,以及句法方面的运用能力,能更科学地反映出学生的英语综合水平。语法填空的语言材料的体裁通常是记叙文或说明文。 本题型的设题是在一篇200词左右的短文中留出10处空白,6~7处空白的后面给出提示词(所填内容不得超过3个单词),3~4处空白不给任何提示词(仅填1个单词),要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容。考查内容主要包括动词的时态和语态、情态动词、非谓语动词、名词、形容词、副词、连词、冠词、代词、介词、从句的引导词、特殊句式等。
2017~2019年全国卷语法填空考点分布统计
续表
续表
Passage 1 [2019·全国Ⅰ]The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 61.　　　　 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62.________(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. 
62.此处应用副词作状语,修饰谓语动词has been studied。
that
poorly
61.此处缺少引导同位语从句的连接词that,说明evidence的具体内容。
本文主要介绍了北极熊的相关情况,包括北极熊的栖息地范围等内容,其中着重介绍了对北极熊数量的研究。
Modern methods 63.　　　　 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64.__________(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65.　　　　 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66.　　　　 (believe) that populations are increasing.
64.该句为“be+形容词+不定式”结构。
63.表示“……的方法”时,method后用介词of/for。
of / for
to perform
66.根据空格前的冠词a及后面的同位语从句可知,此处应填名词belief。
65.由in recent years可知,此处表示的是从过去某时一直持续到现在,故用现在完成时。
have reported
belief
Scientists have responded by 67.　　　　 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 68.　　　　 (high) than they actually are. Of 69.　　　　 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70.　　　　 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 
68.根据than可知,此处应用high的比较级,故填higher。
67.介词后应用动名词形式。
noting
higher
70.根据空前的are及空后的is和lack可知,此处应用一般现在时,故填are。
69.此处特指19种被辨认出的北极熊亚种群,故用定冠词the。
the
are
Passage 2 [2019·全国Ⅱ]A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 61.　　　　(be) Britain's oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 62.　　　　 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 63.　　　　(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year. 
62.分析句子结构可知,此空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是the pet shop,指物,在从句中作opened的宾语,故填which。
61.介词后应用动名词形式作宾语,故填being。
being
which
63.　此处用副词修饰动词。
finally
本文讲述了被提名为英国柴郡“年度风云女性”的Irene Astbury年事已高,却依旧坚持工作的故事。
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 64.________(declare) she had no plans 65.　　　　(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66.________ (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 67.________ because I want to.” 
65.plan后接不定式作后置定语。
64.Irene领奖发言是过去发生的事,另根据此空后面的she had和下文的Irene said可知,此处用一般过去时,故填declared。
declared
to retire
66.over the years常与完成时连用,在此意为“(从过去某时到现在的)多年来”。根据主句谓语动词love的时态可知,定语从句应用现在完成时,故填have made。
have made
67.此处是“not... but...”句型,意为“不是……而是……”。
but
Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 68.　　　　(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 69.　　　　 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 70.__________ (wonder).” 
68.say与其逻辑主语call之间为主谓关系,故用现在分词saying作后置定语。
saying　
69.此处表示泛指,又因为joke是单数可数名词,故其前应用不定冠词a。
70.本句是主系表结构,故用wonder的形容词形式wonderful作表语。
a　
wonderful　
Passage 3 [2019·全国Ⅲ]On our way to the house, it was raining 61._______ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take 62._______ (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.  We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63.　　　　 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 64._______ had great experience with caring for these animals.
62.此处是句型“it takes + 时间 + to do sth”,it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语,故填to get。
61.此处是“so ... that”固定结构,意为“如此……以至于”。
so　
to get　
64.此处是定语从句,先行词是masters,在从句中作主语,故用who/that。
63.此处是固定搭配a pack of...,意为“一群……”。
of　
who / that　
作者在文中回忆了自己去夏威夷珍珠城的旅游经历。作者为期一周的旅行充实而难忘。
Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65.____________ (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya (木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.  When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66.　 　　　 (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it.
66.根据空前的an和空后的to watch可知,此处应用名词competition。
65.此处与前面的shared是并列谓语,应用一般过去时,故填recommended。
recommended　
competition　
They also shared with us many 67.　　 　　 (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 68.　　　　 (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 69.　　 　　 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 70._______ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 
68.此处应用副词修饰形容词popular。
67.此处应用形容词作stories的定语。
traditional　
hugely　
70.we与listen之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词作伴随状语。
69.invite和主语we之间是动宾关系,且全文是在叙述过去的情况,因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。
were invited　　
listening
1.从整体上把握时态,明确动词用什么形式。比如在“We _______ (buy) a lot of cards for our friends yesterday.”这道题中,由yesterday可知,此处应用动词的一般过去时形式。  2.如果空格前是介词,括号里是动词,则可以判断用动词的-ing形式。比如在“I look forward to 　　　　(receive) your reply.”这道题中,to是介词,所以要用receiving。 
3.固定短语中的冠词要牢记。比如在all of a sudden、in a hurry等固定短语中,冠词a必不可少。 4.如果括号里给的是形容词,那么首先判断空白处是否用副词;如果句中有than,则考虑空白处用比较级;如果空白处前面有the,则考虑用最高级。 5.如果空格前有逗号,括号里是动词,那么一般来说空白处考虑用非谓语动词。 6.注意连词的使用,如but、so、and、or等。
以上只是在语法填空中常用的基本解题技巧,这些做题技巧可以使我们在做题时,加快答题的速度,提高做题的准确率。但是,要做好语法填空,除了做题方法,我们还必须掌握扎实的基础知识,具备灵活运用语言的能力,这才是提高我们解题能力的根本。
微专题 01 有提示词题目的解题技巧
　　此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。单词形式变化主要有两种:词的形、数的变化和词的派生变化。
动词的形式变化比较多,有谓语(时态、语态、语气)的变化,有非谓语(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)的变化。
考点1　考查谓语动词　　若句中没有别的谓语动词,或者句中已有谓语动词,所填的动词与之是并列关系时,所给动词就是作谓语。此时,做题要考虑时态和语态,还要注意主谓一致和虚拟语气。
1.[2019·全国Ⅰ,65]In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ____________(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing. 
由in recent years可知,此处语境表示的是动作从过去某时一直持续到现在,故用现在完成时。
have reported
2.[2019·全国Ⅱ,64]Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 　　　 　(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. 
Irene领奖发言是过去发生的事,再根据空白处后面的had可知,此处用一般过去时。
declared　
1.[2018·全国 Ⅱ] Diets have changed in China—and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 　　　　(grow) more corn than rice.  2.[2018·全国Ⅱ]The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 　　　　(start) a soil-testing program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.  
1.由Since 2011可知,此处表示动作从2011年开始,动作一直持续到现在,故用现在完成时;且主语the country 是单数名词,故用has grown。
has grown　　
2.根据前面的between 2005及破折号后的when可知,此句讲述的是2005年发生的事情,应用start的一般过去式。
started　　
3.[2018·全国Ⅰ]While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it 　 　　(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. 4.[2017·全国Ⅲ]Sarah 　　 　　(tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel,earning a million dollars in the next year.Her father Peter,44,wants her to give up school to model full-time. 
3.此处叙述的是一个事实,故用一般现在时;主语为it,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
is
4.根据语境可知,tell与Sarah是逻辑上的动宾关系,且指已经发生的事情,应用一般过去时或现在完成时的被动形式,又因主语Sarah是第三人称单数,故填was told或has been told。
was told / has been told　　　
5.[2017·全国Ⅰ]When fat and salt 　　　　(remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. 6.[2017·全国Ⅲ]Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 　　　　(come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling.” 
5.从句的主语与谓语remove之间是动宾关系,且根据主句的时态可知,此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。
are removed　　　
6.根据上下文可知,空格处应该用一般现在时,主语school是第三人称单数,故应填comes。
comes　　　
7.[2017·天津]Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _________ (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. 8.[2017·天津]I 　　　 　(drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. 
7.根据语境并分析句子结构可知,句中主语是cycling,与regard之间是动宾关系,意为“骑自行车被视为最全面的锻炼方式之一”,故填is regarded。
is regarded　
8.be doing sth when...意为“正在做某事时突然……”,再由when引导的从句时态可知,此空填was driving。
was driving　　　
考点2　考查非谓语动词　　若句中已有谓语动词,设空处又不是并列谓语时,空白处通常填非谓语动词。非谓语动词有现在分词、过去分词、动名词,还有不定式。一般来说,现在分词表示主动、正在进行的动作;过去分词表示被动、完成的动作;不定式表示尚未发生的动作。
1.[2019·全国Ⅰ,64]Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _________ (perform) consistently over a large area. 
该句为“be+形容词+不定式”结构。
to perform
2.[2019·全国Ⅲ,70]On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 　　　　(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 　
we与listen之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词作伴随状语。
listening
1.[2018·全国Ⅰ]You don't have to run fast or for long 　　　　(see) the benefit. 2.[2018·全国Ⅱ]China's approach to protecting its environment while _______ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank's Juergen Voegele. 
1.此处用不定式作目的状语。
to see　
2.“when / while + 现在分词短语”作时间状语,相当于when / while 引导的时间状语从句。
feeding　　　
3.[2018·全国Ⅰ]You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 　　　　(die) early by running. 4.[2018·全国Ⅲ]I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _______(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel_______ 　(challenge). 
3.介词后应用die的动名词形式dying。
dying
4.avoid doing sth意为“避免做某事”;主语he和challenge之间为动宾关系,故用challenged。
looking challenged　　　
5.[2017·全国Ⅰ]Even worse, the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food is full of fat and salt; by 　　　　(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 6.[2017·全国Ⅲ]But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants　　　　 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. 
5.介词by后用动名词作宾语。
eating　　
6.want to do sth“想要做某事”。
to prove　　　
考点3　考查动词的词类转换　　有时所给提示词虽然是动词,但是空白处既不是考查谓语动词也不是考查非谓语动词,而是考查词类转换。
1.[2019·全国Ⅰ,66]In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a　　　　(believe) that populations are increasing. 　
根据空白处前面的冠词a及后面的同位语从句可知,此处应填名词belief。
belief
2.[2019·浙江,64]Other American studies showed no _______ (connect) between uniforms and school performance. 　
此空作show的宾语,且有no修饰,应填名词;connection是可数名词,且此空可用复数也可用单数形式,故填connection/connections。
connection/connections
1.[2018·浙江]The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 　　　 　(afford) but doing this most days adds up.  2.While there are 　　　　(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.  
1.　此处表示一周一次或两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。系动词be后用形容词作表语,故填affordable“负担得起的”。
affordable　　
2.　此处修饰stories,要用形容词,表示“令人惊讶的”,故用amazing。
amazing　　
　　名词的形式变化主要有单复数变化、所有格的变化、词类转换和派生形式。代词的形式变化主要有人称代词、物主代词、反身代词的变化。
考点1　考查名词数与格、词类转换　　空白处所给提示词是名词时,一般考查单复数的变化,偶尔考查所有格的变化或名词的派生形式,此外也经常考查词类转换。当考查词类转换时,主要是名词变为形容词或动词。
1.[2018·全国Ⅲ,66]I'm a 　　　　(science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.  
此处表示一位科学家,因此填scientist。
scientist
2.As 　　　　(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 
根据设空处后的名词architects可知,此处应该用形容词作定语,修饰名词,因此填natural。
natural
1.[2017·全国Ⅰ]This trend,which was started by the medical community (医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease,has had some unintended side 　　　　(effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. 2.[2016·全国Ⅱ]Recent 　　　　(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.  
1.　根据some和下文中的两个例子overweight和heart disease可知,此处用复数形式,故填effects。
effects
2.　根据句中的谓语动词show可知,主语应该是复数名词,故填studies。
studies　　
考点2　考查人称代词、物主代词、反身代词　　空白处所给提示词是人称代词时,考虑主格与宾格之间的变化,或者是变为物主代词或反身代词。当提示词是物主代词时,考虑形容词性的物主代词和名词性的物主代词之间的变化,或者是变为反身代词。很少考查反身代词变为人称代词或物主代词。
[2018·全国Ⅲ,68]When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 　　　　(they) alive. 
此处是“find+宾语+宾补”结构,故要用they的宾格them作find的宾语。
them
1.[2016·全国Ⅰ]On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 　　　　(it) mother. 2.[2019·河北衡水模拟]When I got to the exit again, I found_______ ( I ) driving to the place we had driven in.  
1.　根据设空处后的名词及前文中的a lively three-month-old twin可知,此处要用形容词性物主代词修饰mother。
its
2.　设空处与前面的I相对应,指“我发现自己”,故用反身代词myself。
myself　　
　　英语中大部分形容词和表示方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式:通过加后缀-er和-est,或在词前加more/less和most/least(形容词的最高级前通常要加the)。
考点1　考查形容词或副词的比较级　　所给提示词是形容词或副词时,可考虑是否变为比较级或最高级。
[2019·全国Ⅰ,68]Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 　　　　(high) than they actually are. 
根据语境和空白处后面的than可知,此处应用high的比较级。
higher　
1.[2018·全国Ⅰ] According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 　　　　(long) than non-runners. 2.[2016·全国Ⅱ] If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of 　　　　(great) and less importance.  
1.　根据设空处后面的than可知,此处用long的比较级。
longer
2.　设空处与less是并列关系,所以也应用比较级的形式,故答案为greater。
greater　　
考点2　考查词类转换　　所给提示词是形容词时,还需要考虑形容词转化为副词或名词。
1.[2019·全国Ⅱ,63]Her years of hard work have 　　　　(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year. 
此处应用副词作状语,修饰谓语动词。
finally
2.[2019·浙江,60]When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can 　　　　(easy) see them. 
分析句子可知,设空处所填词修饰动词see,故用副词easily。
easily
1.[2018·全国 Ⅱ] A taste for meat is 　　　　(actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. 2.[2017·全国Ⅱ]Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been 　　　　(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. 3.In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 　　　　(able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment. 
1.根据语境可知,此处应用副词作状语,修饰介词短语behind the change。
actually
2.此处应用副词修饰形容词unpleasant,故填fairly,意为“相当;非常”。
fairly　　
3.空格前的their是形容词性物主代词,其后应该接名词,故答案为ability。
ability　　
对点集训（二十八）
(时间:40分钟)Ⅰ.单句填空(词类转换)1.[2019·全国Ⅲ]They also shared with us many 　　　　(tradition) stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists. 2.[2019·全国Ⅰ]It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 　　　　(poor) studied. 
1.　此处应用形容词作stories的定语,traditional“传统的”。
traditional　
2.　此处应用副词作状语修饰谓语动词has been studied,故填poorly。
poorly　　
3.[2019·全国Ⅱ]We are so proud of her. It's 　　　　(wonder). 4.[2019·全国Ⅲ]When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 　　　　(compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. 
3.　本句是主系表结构,故用wonder的形容词形式作表语。
wonderful　
4.　根据空白处前面的冠词an和后面的to watch可知,此处应填名词的单数形式,故填competition。
competition　　
5.[2019·浙江]School uniforms are 　　 　　(tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. 6.[2018· 江苏] Despite the poor 　　　　(serve)of the hotel, the manager is reluctant to invest in sufficient training for his staff. 
5.　此处用形容词作表语,故填traditional。
traditional
6.　poor为形容词,修饰名词,所以此处用serve的名词形式service。
service　　
7.[2017·全国Ⅰ]Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food.However,be 　　　　(care) not to go to extremes.  8.[2017·全国Ⅱ]This development was only possible with the_______ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. 
7.　be为系动词,故此处应填形容词作表语。
careful
8.　由设空处前的the和设空处后的of可知,此处填名词introduction。
introduction　　
9.[2017·全国Ⅲ]She is determined to carry on with her_________ 　(educate). 10.[2017·全国Ⅲ]It is 　　　　(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.  
9.　形容词性物主代词her后应接名词。
education
10.　此处要用副词修饰形容词fun,故填certainly。
certainly　　
11.[2017·浙江] Last October,while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small_________ (carrot) and was about to throw them away. 12.[2016·全国Ⅰ]The nursery team switches him every few _________ (day) with his sister ... 
11.　由设空处前面的修饰语a handful of 和下文中的them可知,此处应用名词的复数形式。
carrots　
12.　few修饰可数名词复数。every few days “每隔几天”。
days　　
13.[2020·成都七中月考]The 　　　　(major) of the people took part in the running race without disappointment, though it was likely that they couldn't get a reward. 14.[2020·吉林实验中学月考]It was 　 　　　(consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. 
13.　空白处前有定冠词the,应用major的名词形式majority。the majority of “……的大多数”。
majority
14.　句意:Michael真是体贴,他通知我们他会迟点来,以防我们着急。此处是形容词作表语。
considerate　　
15.[2020·河北唐山一中月考]They gave money to the old people's home either 　　 　　(personal) or through their companies. 16.Joy and 　　　　(relieve) have greeted the rescue of 12 boys and their football coach from flooded caves in northern Thailand after divers completed a daring operation to bring them out. 
15.　分析句子结构可知空白处需要填副词并与through their companies构成并列状语。
personally　　
16.　分析上下文可知,此处是名词作主语,故填 relief。
relief　　
17.I 　　　　(usual) play it as background music while I'm doing some housework. 18.The exam was 　 　　　(particular) important because he knew his future career might be at stake. 19.However,before I got on the bike,I felt 　　　　(extreme) nervous and I was afraid that I would fall off... 
17.　根据语境可知,此处用副词usually,作状语。
usually
18.　设空处修饰形容词important,故用副词。
particularly　　
19.　设空处修饰形容词nervous,故用副词。
extremely　　
Ⅱ.语法填空(滚动考点)Passage 1 [2020·吉林百校联考]China pays great attention to good manners, and its food culture is deeply rooted in the history. As a visitor or guest in either a Chinese home 1.　　　　 a restaurant, you will find that table manners are essential in the daily life! 
1.or　此处是短语either...or...“或……或……”。
of / for
本文介绍了中国的一些餐桌礼仪。
　　It is really 2.　　 　　 (admire) customs to respect others, such as the aged, teachers and guests, and to take good care of children. Meanwhile, 3.　　　　 practice of presenting the best or fine food first to the senior members of the family has been observed for countless 4.___________ (generation).
3.　the practice of “……的习俗”。
2.　此处修饰名词custom,表示“值得称赞的风俗”,故填admirable。
admirable
the
4.　由countless可知,此处用名词的复数形式。
generations
In ancient times the common people 5.　　　　 (lead) a needy life, but they still tried their best to support the elder mother or father, 6.______ (take) it for granted. 　　Although the hosts in China are all friendly and hospitable, you should also show them respect. Before 7.　　　　(start) to eat dinner, the host may offer some words of greeting.
6.　此处是现在分词短语作状语。
5.　由时间状语In ancient times可知,此处应该用一般过去时。
led
taking
7.　before是介词,故用v-ing形式作其宾语。
starting
Guests should not start to eat until the host says, “Everybody, please enjoy 8.　　　　 (you)” or something like that, otherwise it suggests disrespect and causes displeasure. 　　When hosts place dishes on the table, they will arrange the main courses at the center with the supporting dishes evenly placed around them. When the main dishes 9.　 　　　 (prepare) in a decorative form either by cut or other means, they will be placed in front of major guests and elder people at the table, 10.　　　also represents virtue. 
9.　分析句子结构可知,此处用被动语态,主语是复数名词,且全文均用一般现在时,故填are prepared。
8.　enjoy oneself “尽情享受”。
yourself
are prepared
10.　此处which引导非限制性定语从句,代指前面提到的整件事。
which
Passage 2 [2020·银川一中月考]Two new satellites of BeiDou Navigation(导航) Satellite System (BDS) 1.　　　　(send) into space on a Long March-3D carrier rocket from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in Sichuan Province, China at 2:07 am on November 19,2018. The satellites 2.　　　　(safe) entered a Medium Earth orbit more than three hours later and will work with 17 other BDS-3 satellites already in space. They are also the 42nd and 43rd 3.　　　　(member) of the BDS satellite family. 
本文介绍了北斗卫星导航系统的信息。两颗新型卫星的成功发射,让北斗卫星导航系统更加完善。
2.　修饰动词用副词,故填safely。
1.　分析句子可知,本句缺谓语动词,send与主语two new satellites之间为动宾关系,且此处是陈述过去发生的事情,故用were sent。
were sent
safely
3.根据空白处前的They are可知,此处应用名词复数members。
members
China launched these satellites with 4.　　　　 aim of providing navigation services for countries and regions which participate in the Belt and Road Proposal by the end of 2018. “This is a key step for BDS developing 5.　　　a Chinese experimental system to a regional and then a 6.　　　(globe) navigation system,” said Yang Changfeng, chief designer of the BeiDou system. “The positioning 7._________(accurate) of the BDS-3 system has been improved to 2.5-5 meters,” said Yang. 
5.　分析句子可知,此处为“from...to”结构。
4.　此处是固定短语with the aim of “目的是”。
the
from
7.　分析句子可知,本句缺主语,故用名词accuracy。
6.　修饰名词system用形容词,故用global。
global
accuracy
8.　　　　(name) after the Chinese term for the Plough, the BeiDou system has been serving China for 18 years, in 9._________ another six BDS-3 satellites will be put into the Medium Earth orbit from 2019 to 2020. The system is expected 10.　　　　(provide) first-class services around the globe by the end of 2020. 
9.　分析句子可知,in 　　　　another six BDS-3 satellites will be put into the Medium Earth orbit from 2019 to 2020为定语从句,修饰先行词the BeiDou system,从句缺乏状语,故用in which引导。 
8.　分析句子可知,空白处为状语,与其逻辑主语the BeiDou system 属于动宾关系,故用named。
Named
which
10.　expect to do sth为固定短语,意为“预计做某事”。
to provide
Passage 3 So far,environment-friendly ideas 1.　　　　 (create) to supply people with helpful tips on how they can help the environment 2._______ also save money. I honestly believe that everyone wants to help the environment, even if they do or do not believe in global warming. 
我们应该保护环境,为环保贡献自己的一份力量。
2.这里应填并列连词and,连接两个动词短语。
1.根据语境和时间状语so far可知,ideas应是被创造出来的,所以此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。
have been created　
and
　　With power bills, water bills and all other expenses 3._________ (continue) to rise, it's very hard for the average worker. No matter what 4.　　　　 (finance) position you are in, there is always something everyone can do 5.________(help) save our environment.  
4.　修饰名词应使用形容词。
3.　此处考查with的复合结构。由于continue to rise这个动作与宾语power bills, water bills and all other expenses是主动关系,所以应填现在分词continuing。
continuing
financial
5.　此处为不定式作目的状语。
to help
　　We are not the only ones that live on this 6.　　　　 (amaze) planet. We also share 7.　　　 with a wide range of strange and wonderful animals. It would be a great tragedy if they 8.　　　　 (be) not around for our future generations to enjoy. Every little bit helps, so please do 9.　　　　 you can to protect our environment and the environment of these surprising animals. 
7.　根据上下文可判断此处应填代词it,指代上文出现的planet。
6.　amazing表示“令人惊奇的”。
amazing
it
9.　此空引导宾语从句,并在从句中作宾语,故填what/whatever。
8.　由上半句It would be a great tragedy可判断该句是对将来的虚拟,所以从句谓语应使用were。
were
what/whatever
I hope these environment-friendly ideas can help everyone to do 10.　　　　 (they) bit for the environment and to make this world a better place. 
10.　名词bit前没有限定词,所以此处应填形容词性物主代词their。
their
对点集训（二十九）
(时间:40分钟)Ⅰ.单句填空(动词时态和语态)1.[2019·全国Ⅲ]On the last day of our week-long stay, we___________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 2.[2019·全国Ⅱ]I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 　　 　　(make) over the years. 
1.　invite和主语we之间是动宾关系,故用其被动语态;根据句中的时间状语可知,此处应用一般过去时。
were invited　
2.　over the years常与完成时连用,在此意为“(从过去某时到现在的)多年来”。根据主句谓语动词love的时态可知,此处应用现在完成时。
have made　　
3.[2019·全国Ⅲ]Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _________ (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.  4.[2019·全国Ⅰ]Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 　　　　(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 
3.　此处与空前的谓语动词shared是并列谓语,因此此处用recommend的过去式recommended。
recommended　
4.　根据句中的are、is和lack可知,本句是一般现在时,又根据six可知,此处填are。
are　　
5.[2019·浙江]When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody 　　　　(have) to worry about fashion(时尚).  6.[2018·北京]China's high-speed railways 　 　 　　(grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. 
5.　本句含when引导的时间状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,因此,主句可以使用将来时will do;根据语境可知,本文叙述的是客观事实,因此,本句亦可用一般现在时,主语是nobody,谓语用has。
has/will have　
6.　根据时间状语in the past few years可知,此处要用现在完成时。
have grown　　
7.[2018·北京]A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________(trap) in the mountains for two days. 8.[2018·天津]My washing machine 　　　　(repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. 
7.　trap 的动作发生在risk之前,所以trap要用过去完成时;再结合语境可知,two tourists与trap是动宾关系,故用过去完成时的被动语态。
had been trapped　
8.　根据语境可知,此处指“我的洗衣机这一周正在被修”,故用现在进行时的被动语态。
is being repaired　　
9.[2018·浙江]I still remember visiting a friend who'd lived here for five years and I 　 　　　(shock) when I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time.  10.[2017·全国Ⅱ]Later,engineers 　　 　　(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道),which became known as the Tube.  
9.　根据语境可知,I 与shock之间是动宾关系,再结合learnt的时态可知,此处用一般过去时的被动语态。
was shocked　
10.　由语境可知,engineers与manage之间是主谓关系,而且是发生在过去的事情,所以填managed。
managed　　
11.[2016·全国Ⅱ]Leaving the less important things until tomorrow _________ (be) often acceptable. 12.[2016·全国Ⅱ]It could be anything—gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is,　　　　 (make) sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about. 
11.　动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
is　
12.　根据句子的结构可判断出,此处用动词原形,构成祈使句。
make　　
13.[2016·全国Ⅲ]Truly elegant chopsticks might　　　　(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. 14.[2020·四川雅安模拟]Please don't give me a call between 9:00 am and 11:00 am tomorrow. I will　　 　　(have) a meeting then. 
13.　由语境可知,chopsticks与make之间是动宾关系,又因空前有情态动词might,故填be made。be made of “由……制成”。
be made　
14.　根据语境和时间状语between 9:00 am and 11:00 am tomorrow可知,此处表达“明天某个时间段正在做某事”,即将来进行时。
be having　　
15.[2020·昆明一中月考]Attracted by the unique way of communicating, many foreigners 　　 　　(join) in sending and grabbing red packets so far. 16.[2020·重庆八中模拟]During his stay in Chongqing, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends 　　　　(recommend). 
15.　设空处是句子的谓语动词,根据时间状语so far可知,应该用现在完成时,且主语是复数形式,所以答案为have joined。
have joined　
16.　由tried可知,定语从句要用相应的过去时态,“他的朋友推荐”这个动作发生在tried动作之前,即“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时。
had recommended　　
17.It was the fourth time she　　　　(shop) online for hours.I had already reminded her to think twice before buying anything,but my wife ignored what I had said. 18.[2020·天津七校联考]I was ill that day,otherwise I 　　　　(take) part in the sports meet. 
17.　在“It was+the+序数词+time+从句”句型中,从句要用过去完成时。
had shopped　
18.根据语境可推知,设空处是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,故答案为would have taken。
would have taken　　　
19.For more than 50 years,travelers 　　　　(use)the international driver's license to travel in foreign countries. 20.For some reason I 　 　　　(stay) with my relatives currently,and in their living room sits a piano which is my favourite musical instrument. 
19.　根据时间状语for more than 50 years可知, 此处应该用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。
have used / have been using　
20.根据时间状语currently可知,设空处用现在进行时。
am staying　　　
21.The first practical cooling system for use in industry_________ 　(invent) by Willis Carrier in New York,the USA. 22.The reason for this is that Britain's supermarkets_________ (experience) huge changes in the past decades. 
21.　分析句子结构可知,设空处是句子的谓语动词,invent与主语之间是动宾关系,且此处描述过去的事实,故用一般过去时的被动语态。
was invented　
22.　根据时间状语in the past decades可知,此处应该用现在完成时。
have experienced　　
Ⅱ.语法填空(滚动考点)Passage 1(题源:英国《每日快报》) A lot of green gardens surround Windsor Castle in the English countryside. It looks out onto the river Thames and sits next 1._________ a hunting ground. It was built just outside of London 2._________ (protect) the capital from enemies on the west side. 
本文向读者介绍了英国著名的温莎城堡。
2.　设空处作目的状语,所以要用不定式形式。
1.　这里表示温莎城堡紧靠着一个狩猎场。next to“紧靠着;紧挨着”。
to
to protect
Windsor Castle is the oldest and largest 3.　　　　(occupy) castle in the world. It was built in 1070, which has a long, rich and troubled history. 4.　　　　 the castle walls could talk, they'd have many stories to tell. 
4.　句意:如果这座城堡的墙会说话的话,那它们会有很多故事要讲。根据句意可知填if。
3.　occupy与castle之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故此处应该用过去分词形式作定语,所以答案为occupied。
occupied
If
Kings were born and 5.　　　　(die) here. It's been used as the homes of kings and queens for centuries. However, it was also used as a prison during the English Civil War (1642-1651). During World War Ⅱ, the royal family 6.　　　　(secret) slept at Windsor Castle because it was safer than London's urban area. 
6.　此处用副词修饰动词slept。
5.设空处是与were born并列的谓语动词,时态为一般过去时,故用died。
died
secretly
?Today, Windsor Castle is the private home of Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ. When she is not meeting guests at Buckingham Palace, she goes to Windsor Castle. 7.　 that's not all. Windsor Castle is open to the public. It is now one of England's most popular 8.__________(attract). Visitors can look at some of the finest artworks, 9.________(include) the paintings of Rembrandt, as well as the well-kept gardens. What is a better way to learn about England 10.　 to enjoy some of the country's finest scenery? 
8.　根据one of可知此处要用名词的复数形式。
7.设空处前表达温莎城堡目前是英国女王伊丽莎白二世的私人住所,设空处后表达现今温莎城堡也对公众开放。设空处前后是转折关系,所以要用连词but。
But
attractions
10.　根据句中的a better way可知此处要用than。
9.　including在此处是介词,意为“包括”。
including
than
Passage 2?[2020·河南信阳模拟]People in the community have slowly drifted apart over the years, mostly because people simply aren't taking their time to say a simple “hello”. Considering this phenomenon, I decided I was going to change the way I got on 1.　　　　others. ?My opportunity came one morning when I was in the community library. I passed by a girl 2.　　　　books dropped. 3.　　　　(think) that someone else would help her pick them up, I continued my way.
现代生活中人际关系发生了变化,生活在同一个社区的人,彼此之间的关系变得很疏远,我们该为此做些什么了。
2.　设空处引导定语从句,修饰的先行词是空格前的a girl,关系词在从句中作定语,故要用关系代词whose。
1.　get on with sb意为“与某人相处”,是固定搭配。
with
whose
3.　think与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系,所以要用现在分词作状语。
Thinking
However, when I had to go back 4.　　　 I forgot my book, I noticed she had just finished picking them up by herself. No one had stopped 5.________(help) her.  “OK,” I thought to myself, “this is where we should have changed.” My best opportunity came a few days later when I saw a man sitting by himself waiting for the librarian to open the door, so I sat down next to him and 6.　　　　(begin)a conversation.
5.　stop to do sth意为“停下来去做另一件事”。
4.设空处后表示原因,所以用because或as引导原因状语从句。
because/as　
to help
6.　由sat down和连词and可知,设空处填began。
began
It was difficult to get started, and even when I had to say goodbye, almost every 7.　　　　(respond) from my new friend had a tone(语气) of doubt in it. And who could blame him?  People aren't used to having 8.　　　　unprepared chat with a stranger. But we 9.　　　 　(desperate) need a change. I advise you to take a small step out of your comfort zone and try to make someone's day a little 10.　　　　(bright). Together, we can really make our society closer as a whole. 
8.　不定冠词与可数名词单数chat连用,表示泛指, unprepared以元音音素开头,故填an。
7.　分析句子结构可知设空处充当主语,且有every 修饰,由此可知设空处应该用名词单数形式。
response
an
10.　此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构,设空处应用形容词作宾补。结合设空处前的a little可知此处应用形容词的比较级。
9.　设空处用副词修饰动词,故填desperately。
desperately
brighter
Passage 3 Human potential is unlimited. Unlike computers, you'll never come across a situation 1.　　　your brain says the hard drive is full. You can constantly push your limits, 2.　　 　 (reach) greater heights.  3.　　 　　(fortunate), many people do not make good use of their true potential and let it go to waste by engaging in tasks that are a poor use of their time and energy. Here 4.　　　　(be) two reasons for this situation. 
人的潜力是无限的,但是不幸的是,很多人没有利用好自己的潜能。本文介绍了造成这种情形的两大原因。
2.　reach与其逻辑主语you之间是主谓关系,所以要用现在分词作结果状语。
1.　设空处引导的是定语从句,先行词是situation,在从句中指抽象的地点,所以要用关系副词where引导。
where
reaching
4.　由空后的two reasons可知,此空填are。
3.　不幸的是,很多人没有好好利用他们真正的潜力,此处用副词作状语。
Unfortunately
are
Blame the past instead of focusing 5.　　　　 the present. Some people spend their lives living in the past. They regret what they could have done. 6.　　　　, the past is the past, and no matter how much time we spend thinking about it, it won't change. 
6.　根据语境可知设空处前后是转折关系,设空处后有逗号与后文隔开,所以用however。
5.　focus on sth“集中注意力于某事”。
on
However
Set small goals. Many people set small goals because they are afraid of 7.　　　　(fail). Actually 8.　　　　 they're afraid of is to realize that they've always had the power to achieve everything they want and that they have wasted their own time and many 9._______ (dream). Stop setting small goals and set your highest goals today. You owe it all to 10.　　　　(you). 
8.　设空处引导的是主语从句,引导词在该从句中充当of的宾语且指物,所以要用what。
7.　be afraid of doings sth “害怕做某事”。
failing
what
10.　设空处充当介词的宾语,表示“你自己”,所以要用反身代词yourself。
9.　由设空处前的many可知此处要用名词的复数形式。
dreams
yourself
对点集训（三十）
(时间:40分钟)Ⅰ.单句填空(非谓语动词)1.[2019·全国Ⅰ]Scientists have responded by 　　　　(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are. 2.[2019·全国Ⅱ]A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 　　　　(be) Britain's oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week. 
1.　介词后应用note的动名词形式。
noting　
2.　介词后应用动名词形式作宾语。
being　　
3.[2019·全国Ⅱ]Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans 　　　　(retire) from her 36-year-old business. 4.[2019·全国Ⅱ]When we got a call 　　　　(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke. 
3.　名词plan后接不定式作后置定语。
to retire　
4.　say与其逻辑主语call之间为主谓关系,故用现在分词saying作后置定语。
saying　　
5.[2019·全国Ⅲ]On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take　　　　(get) there. 6.[2019·浙江]When the children are walking or 　　　　(cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them. 
5.　此处是“it takes + 时间 + to do sth”结构,it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语。
to get　
6.　or连接两个并列成分,根据or前的walking可知,此处要用cycling。
cycling　　
7.[2018·天津]I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph 　　　　(take). 8.[2018·北京]　　　　(travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience. 
7.　此处是“have+宾语+宾补”结构,宾语my photograph与补足语之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词作宾语补足语。
taken　
8.　根据语境可知,此处用动名词作主语。
Traveling　　
9.[2017·全国Ⅰ]They are required　　　　 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. 10.[2017·北京]Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time __________(spend) with his students. 
9.　be required to do sth “被要求做某事”。
to process　
10.spend和time之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。
spent　　
11.[2017·北京]Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online 　　　　(save) their valuable time.  12.[2020·太原五中月考]A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those　　　　(want) a good night's sleep. 
11.　由句意可知,此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
to save　
12.　此处是非谓语动词作后置定语,want和其逻辑主语those之间是主谓关系,所以用现在分词形式。
wanting　　
13.[2020·广东中山模拟]Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, __________(turn)the old town into a dreamland. 14.[2020·长沙一中月考]After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actor, Mahershala Ali went on 　　　　(thank) all the people who had helped in his career. 
13.　由语境可知Newly-built wooden cottages与turn之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词形式。句意:新建的木屋林立在街道的两旁,使古镇变成了一个梦幻之地。
turning　
14.　go on to do sth“继续做另一件事”;go on doing sth“继续做同一件事”。获奖和感谢是两件事,故用to thank。
to thank　　
15.[2020·武汉外国语学校月考]With all his energy 　　　　(focus) on his research work, he could hardly spare time for his family. 16.The park was full of people 　　　　(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine. 
15.　此处为with的复合结构,energy与focus之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,因此用过去分词。
focused　
16.　people和enjoy之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词作定语。
enjoying　　
17.Though　　 　　 (disappoint) to know he wouldn't get the job after the interview, Frank thanked us politely. 18.I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train __________(catch). 
17.　此处是个省略句,补全应是“Though he was disappointed ...”。
disappointed　
18.　have sth to do “有某事要做”。
to catch　　
19.At the entrance of the hall hangs a picture of an elegant and graceful old woman,　　　　(seat) smiling at everyone passing her.  20.　　 　　(import) from other countries, sand painting is now being recognized in China for its uniqueness and creativity. 
19.　seat 用作动词时是及物动词,只可用过去分词形式,表示“就座的状态”。
seated　
20.　此处用过去分词作状语,表示“被动、完成”,也可以用现在完成时的被动语态。
Imported / Having been imported　　
21.She asked me for help,　　　　(realize) that she could't move the heavy suitcase alone. 22.China is known 　　　　(change) greatly in terms of its cultural values over the past few years. 
21.　she与realize之间是主谓关系,故此处用现在分词作原因状语。
realizing　
22.　此处是be known to 结构,且根据over the past few years可知,此处应用不定式的现在完成时。
to have changed　　
23.Great efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage is 　　　　(avoid). 24.If you are free, I would like you 　　　　(stay) over the weekend with me.  
23.　句意:如果要避免食物短缺的问题,我们必须做出巨大的努力来增加农业产量。由句意可知,此处应用“be to do”结构,表示“想要做……”;且avoid与shortage之间是被动关系,故用to be avoided。
to be avoided　
24. 　would like sb to do sth意为“想让某人做某事”。
to stay　　
Ⅱ.语法填空(滚动考点)Passage 1 [2020·湖北襄阳五中月考]Red is a particularly popular color in China. A pair of red shoes—1.　　　　 they are for dances or just for fashion—is a must-have for every Chinese woman's shoe collection. For most Chinese brides, red shoes should also be worn 2.__________ their big day. 
2.　表示“在某一天”要用介词on。
1.　此处是whether...or...“无论……还是……”。
whether
on
红色在中国是一种特别流行的颜色。本文介绍了中国女性穿红鞋这一传统习俗。
　　As women's feet 3.　　　　(connect) with female attraction, red shoes often emphasize this aspect 4.　　　　 convey a special beauty. In some classic Chinese novels, there are 5.　 　　　(describe) of charming women in red silk shoes. 
4.　此空表示递进关系,故答案为and。
3.根据语境可知,connect与women's feet之间是动宾关系,故答案为are connected。
are connected　
and
5.　此句是there be句型,根据are和of可知,此处应用名词的复数形式。
descriptions
　　If you wear a dark dress in cold seasons, a pair of red shoes can raise 6.　　　　(you) ensemble(整套服装)to a higher level. They can also go with different levels of red color, 7.　　　　(give) the wearer a lively and 8.　　　　 (joy) look. 
7.　此处用现在分词作状语,故答案为giving。
6.　此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰其后的名词ensemble。
your
giving
8.　此处用形容词修饰名词。
joyful
　　9.　　　　(sure) red will always be a beloved color for designers, and red shoes have also become a choice for many supermodels. If you are also a fan of this energetic color, consider 10.　　　　(wear) a pair of red shoes for every Chinese Lunar New Year! 
10.　consider doing sth“考虑做某事”,是固定句型。
9.　此处用副词作状语,修饰整个句子,故答案为surely。
Surely
wearing
Passage 2 Chrysanthemum (菊花) comes from China and was recorded in some Chinese books as early as the 5th century BC. The flower 1._________ (introduce) to Japan during the Tang Dynasty. It usually begins to bloom (开花) in the 9th lunar month, lending a festive atmosphere to Double Ninth Day. That's why the month is also referred to 2.　　　　“the month of chrysanthemum”. 
2.　be referred to as“被称为”。
1.句中主语The flower和动词introduce之间是动宾关系,故应用被动语态;且根据时间状语during the Tang Dynasty可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填was introduced。
was introduced　
as
文章介绍了关于菊花的一些信息。
　　The flower has been favored by 3.　　　　(poet) through the ages, because it is one of the only flowers that bloom in late autumn. Du Fu, a great Tang Dynasty poet, wrote more than ten poems singing the praises of the flower. 　　Chinese people 4.　　　　 (be) fond of enjoying chrysanthemum on Double Ninth Day long before. Chrysanthemum displays were usually held immediately after5.　　　　day in some regions of China in the Qing Dynasty.
4.　根据时间状语long before可知,此处用一般过去时,且由主语Chinese people可知,此处用were。
3.　句中poet是可数名词,此处指“古往今来的诗人们”,故用复数形式。
poets
were
5.　此处是特指Double Ninth Day,故用定冠词the。
the
People in Beijing began to stick chrysanthemums on doors and windows 6.　　　　 (get) rid of the bad luck and bring in the good ones, 7.　　　　 was an alteration (改变) of the custom of 8._______ (wear) chrysanthemum on people's heads.
7.　设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面的事情,故填which。
6.　此处用不定式作目的状语。
to get
which
8.　介词of后用v-ing形式作宾语。
wearing
At these displays family members accompany 9.　　　　(they) elders to have a relaxing day in a 10.　　　　 (nature) atmosphere while wishing for good health and happiness for them. The displays are often lively with a sea of visitors. 
10.　此处用形容词修饰名词atmosphere。
9.　此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰其后的名词elders。
their
natural
Passage 3?Vegetarianism(素食主义) is becoming one rising trend in the UK, as more people are deciding not 1.　　　　(eat) meat and animal products. Vegetarians are people who don't eat meat, while vegans are people who don't eat or use any animal products at all. These lifestyles 2.　　　　(become)more well-known in the UK. 3.　　　　 are Britons cutting out meat?
2.此处与上文Vegetarianism is becoming one rising trend in the UK相呼应,表示现在的一种趋势,用现在进行时,且应与句子主语的复数形式保持一致,故用are becoming。
1.decide not to do sth“决定不做某事”,是固定搭配,故用不定式作宾语。
to eat
are becoming
3.　此处是一个疑问句,再结合下文的内容可推知,此处表示对原因的提问,故用特殊疑问词why。
Why
在英国素食主义和有机农业变得越来越流行。
Many are unhappy about the poor treatment of animals and the effects of meat and fish production 4.　　　　 the environment.5.________ (worry) about food safety and related illnesses, such as mad cow disease, have also played a part. Others choose to change their eating habits in order to become 6.　　　　(healthy). According to the Vegetarian Society, a meat-free diet can help reduce 7.　　　　 risk of certain cancers, as well as heart disease and high blood pressure.
5.　worry为可数名词时,意为“令人担忧的事”,且根据语境及该句中的谓语动词have可知,此处用名词的复数形式作主语。
4.　the effect(s) on sb/sth意为 “对……的影响”,为固定搭配,故用介词on。
on
Worries
7.　risk被介词短语of certain cancers修饰,表示特指,故用定冠词the。
6.　为了变得更健康,其他一些人选择改变他们的饮食习惯。此处包含一个比较的概念,故用形容词比较级形式作become的表语。
healthier
the
Organic farming is 8.　　　　 rising trend that is appearing in the UK. Many people are rejecting genetically modified(转基因的) food and want their food to be 9.　　　　(organic) produced. Organic farmers use very few or no chemicals. Organic meat 10.________ (produce) without the use of drugs. 
9.　修饰动词用副词organically。
8.　此处表示另外一种上升的趋势,故用限定词another修饰名词trend,表示“再一;另一”。
another
organically
10.分析句子结构可知,produce与主语Organic meat是动宾关系,且表示客观叙述,故用其一般现在时的被动语态形式。
is produced　
对点集训（三十一）
(时间:40分钟)Ⅰ.单句填空(代词、形容词/副词比较等级)1.[2017·全国Ⅰ]As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 　　　　(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. 2.[2017·浙江]Pahlsson screamed so loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “She thought I had hurt 　 (I),” says Pahlsson. 
1.　根据语境可知,此处用even worse,表示“更糟糕的是”。
worse　
2.由空格处所在句子的主语I可知,此处应用反身代词作宾语。
myself　　
3.A few hours before,I'd been at home in Hong Kong,with 　　　　(it) choking smog.Here, the air was clean and fresh,even with the rain. 4.Now it occurred to 　　　　(he) that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.  
3.　此处要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词smog。
its　
4.　It occurred to sb that...“某人突然想到……”。
him　　
5.Finally,that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is ________ (clean) than ever. 6.Then the driver stood up and asked,“Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted,“Oh dear! It's 　　　　(I).” 
5.　根据后面的than可知,此处要用比较级cleaner。
cleaner　
6.　此处缺表语,强调“是我(丢了包)”或“这是我的包”。
me / mine　　
7.After our plane landed,we went to the hotel.We had made our reservation six months 　　　　(early),but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. 8.[2020·河北石家庄二中月考]Japan has unveiled the names of ________ (it) mascots for the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games. 
7.　由had made可知,该动作发生在到达旅馆之前,所以应该是指“早在六个月之前”,故用比较级earlier。
earlier　
8.　此处用形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词。
its　　
9.[2020·青岛一中月考]I learned to set 　　　　(I) a schedule of going shopping, cleaning my room and doing my laundry on Sundays. 10.We sang songs and played games with the old people and had tea together. Some of 　　　　(they) were in poor health and were very unhappy. 
9.　空白处表示“我自己”,因此要用反身代词。
myself　
10.　此处作介词of的宾语,故用they的宾格。
them　　
11.How much 　　　　(good) Alice looks without her glasses! She is gorgeous now. 12.Retirement is obviously a very complex adjustment period and the ________ (early) you start planning for it, the better. 
11.　句中much修饰比较级,且结合语境可知,此处应用比较级。
better　
12.　“the+比较级,the+比较级”是一个固定句式,意为“越……就越……”。
earlier　　
13.If there were no examinations tomorrow, we would have a much _______ (happy) time tonight. 14.But I think he works too hard. I hope he'll go out and enjoy _______ (him) for a change. 
13.　本句含虚拟语气,是虚拟与现实的对比,是比较关系,且much 修饰比较级,故用happier。
happier　
14.　enjoy oneself “过得快活;玩得开心”。
himself　　
15.He had driven no 　　　　(far) than 15 miles when his race car broke down and he was soon behind the other competitors.  16.We can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a 　　　　(little) polluted world. 17.Tom does very well in computer studies and much to my joy, Jane does no 　　　　(bad) than Tom. 
15.　此处表示“他刚开了不超过15英里”。no farther/further than... “距离不超过……”。
farther/further　
16.　句意:除非我们创造出一个污染更少的世界,否则我们永远都不可能指望有一片更蓝的天空。过去分词polluted充当形容词,修饰world,意为“被污染的”。由句意可知,此处应用less。
less　　
17.　句意:汤姆在计算机研究方面做得很好,使我高兴的是,简并不比汤姆差。根据than可以判断,此处应用比较级。
worse　　
Ⅱ.语法填空(滚动考点)Passage 1 [2020·东北三省四市联考]The lion is a special animal to Chinese people.A pair of stone lions, a male and a female, are 1.________ (common) seen in front of the gates of Chinese traditional buildings.  The lion 2.　　 　　 (regard) as the king in the animal world so it represents power. The stone lions are also used to indicate the ranks of 3.　　　　 (official).  
本文主要介绍了中国的石狮子。石狮子是中国传统建筑中常见的一种装饰物。
2.　此处介绍的是一般情况,故用一般现在时;lion与regard之间是动宾关系,故用一般现在时的被动语态。
1.　修饰动词应用副词commonly。
commonly
is regarded
3.　根据空前的ranks of可知,此处用可数名词official的复数形式。
officials
It is interesting to note that China had no lions originally. The earliest stone lions were sculpted 4.　　　　 the beginning of the Eastern Han (25-220 AD) with 5.　　　　 introduction of Buddhism into ancient China. In the Buddhist faith, the lion, 6.　　　　 can protect the truth and keep off evils, is considered a holy animal of nobleness and dignity. In Chinese folk tales, the lion has become a symbol of 7.　　　　 (brave), power and good luck. 
5.　根据句中的of Buddhism可知此处是特指,应该用定冠词the。
4.　at the beginning of “在……的开始”,是固定搭配。
at
the
7.　根据空前的介词of和下文的power and good luck可知,此处用名词。
6.　the lion是先行词,空白处引导非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语。
which
bravery
It was also popular 8.　　　　 (decorate) bridges with sculpted stone lions for the same reason. The 9.　　　　(well) known of all is the Lugou Bridge (also known as Marco Polo Bridge), 10.________ (build) from 1189 to 1192.A famous proverb says, “The stone lions on the Lugou Bridge are countless.” 
9.　根据常识可知,有石狮的桥中最出名的是卢沟桥。此处为“the+最高级+in/of”结构,用于三个以上的人或物之间的比较。
8. 此处是“It is+adj.+to do sth”句型,句中it为形式主语,后面的不定式是真正的主语。
to decorate　
best
10.　the Lugou Bridge与build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作定语,相当于非限制性定语从句which was built from 1189 to 1192。
built
Passage 2 [2020·安徽安庆市诊断]China has developed a unique festival food culture throughout the years. Eating dumplings is a common folk custom for many Chinese on the day of Winter Solstice(冬至), especially those 1.　　　　live in the north. 　　When midwinter comes, vital movement begins to decline and calm down. In this period, 2.　　　　eaten in a right amount, some nuts such as peanuts, walnuts, and chestnuts are good for one's body. 
本文介绍了隆冬时节中国不同地方的独特的饮食文化。
2.　此处是一个省略句,省略了主语和be动词。完整的表述应是if / when they are eaten in a right amount。
1.　此处是一个定语从句,those为先行词,指代人,从句缺主语,故答案填who。
who
if / when
　　People in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 3.　　　　(be) accustomed to eating wontons in midwinter. According to an old story, during the midwinter feast 2,500 years ago, the King of Wu 4.　　　　(feed) up with all kinds of costly foods and wanted to try 5.　　　　(variety) things. Then, the beauty Xishi made wontons to honor the king's wish. He ate a lot and liked the food very much. Later, the people of Suzhou had wontons to celebrate the festival6.　　　　(official). 
4.　根据2,500 years ago可知,句子用一般过去时。the King of Wu和feed之间是动宾关系,故此处是一般过去时的被动语态。
3.　句子用一般现在时,主语是people,后面的谓语动词用复数形式,故答案为are。
are
was fed
6.　此处用副词修饰动词。
5.　此处用形容词修饰名词。
various
officially
　　In places such as Shanghai, people eat tangyuan, a kind of small dumpling ball 7.　　　　(produce)with sticky rice flour (粉). In Yinchuan, Ningxia, people call midwinter the “Ghost Festival”. On that day, it is customary for people there to eat mutton soup and the dumplings in it. They give the midwinter soup a strange name—“brain”. They usually share the soup with their 8.　　　　(relative). 
8.　根据语境可知,此处用名词的复数形式。
7.　此处用过去分词作后置定语,表示被动关系。
produced
relatives
　　People in Taiwan keep the custom of providing nine-layer cakes 9.________ their ancestors. People from the same family gather at their ancestral temples to adore their ancestors in order of their ages. After 10.　　　　(hold)the sacrificial ceremony, there is always a grand dinner. 
10.　after是介词,后接动名词。
9.　provide sth for sb“给某人提供某物”。
for
holding
Passage 3 “1.　　　　there are Chinese speakers, there are his readers.”  That sentence highlights the huge influence of Louis Cha Leung-yung, better known by his pen name Jin Yong, one of the most influential Chinese 2.　　　　 (novelist). Over three hundred million copies of his books have been sold in the Chinese-speaking world alone. 
本文主要讲述了人们对武侠小说大师金庸先生的悼念。
2.　one of后接可数名词复数形式。
1.　逗号前是一个地点状语从句,表示“在……地方”,所以用where来引导。
Where
novelists
“A hero who writes heroes.” In their condolences(吊唁) to his family, many people called Cha a “hero” even though he considered 3.　　　　(he) a writer of hero stories.  That's because of the humanistic concerns in both his novels and his newspaper articles. In all his martial arts stories, he shows a strong anti-war tendency.
3.　主语与宾语是同一人时,宾语用反身代词,表示某人自己。
himself
In The Legend of the Condor Heroes, 4.________ novel which impresses us 5.　　　　 (deep), he wrote how Genghis Khan was moved by the hero's words and regretted his killings before his death.  “He has mercy 6.　　　　 everybody in this mortal (凡人) world, ” Wang Xiaolei, owner of a WeChat public account that specializes in analysis of Cha's works, 7.　　　　(write) in his condolences. 
5.　此处用副词修饰动词。
4.　在这个句子中,逗号前后为同位语关系,此处表示泛指,故用a。
a
deeply
7.　空格处是句子的谓语,要注意时态。Wang Xiaolei写悼词是过去的事情,所以要用一般过去时。
6.　have mercy on sb是固定搭配,意为“对某人怜悯”。
on
wrote
8.　　　 their popularity, only The Deer and the Cauldron as well as other three novels 9.　　　　(translate) into English. The Legend of the Condor Heroes, was scheduled 10.　 　(hit) bookstores in February in 2018. 
9.根据句意可知,此处表示到目前为止只有《鹿鼎记》和其他三部小说被翻译成英语,所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。另外主语中含有as well as,谓语动词根据as well as前面的名词来决定单复数形式,故用has been translated。
8.　尽管金庸的小说广受欢迎,但只有《鹿鼎记》以及其他三部小说被译成了英语。根据句意可知,此处应用despite。
Despite
has been translated　
10.　be scheduled to do sth“被安排做某事;预定于……”,是一个固定搭配。
to hit
微专题 02 无提示词题目的解题技巧
　　这类题目主要考查代词、冠词、介词、助动词、情态动词、并列连词、从句的引导词、特殊句式等。
　　当句中缺少主语或宾语时,一般要填代词,主要包括人称代词、不定代词以及it。
[2018·浙江,58]Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap　　　　 can be to eat out. 
此处it作形式主语,真正的主语是to eat out。
it
Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said 　　　　was a wonderful holiday destination.  
从空后的a wonderful holiday destination可知,这个地方就是Miami,此处用it指代上文提到的Miami。
it　
　　如果句中不缺主语、谓语、表语或动词的宾语,设空处与其后面的成分作定语或状语时,一般是填介词。有时也要考虑固定搭配。
[2019·全国Ⅰ,63]Modern methods 　　　　tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area. 
表示“……的方法”时,method后用介词of/for,这是固定搭配。
of / for　
1.[2018·浙江]If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum's home 　　　　dinner, get a few cooking tips from her.  2.[2017·全国Ⅱ]It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and 　　　　work. 3.[2016·全国Ⅱ]Most of us are more focused 　　　　our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.  　
1.此处for表示目的。
for
2. 此处是固定短语to and from,意思是“往返”。
from　　
3.be focused on为固定短语,意为“集中注意力于……”。
on　　
如果空格后有名词而且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指含义,或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式,那么空格处一般是填冠词。
[2019·全国Ⅱ,69]When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was 　　　　joke. 
joke是单数可数名词,其前应用不定冠词a,在此表示泛指。
a
1.[2018·全国Ⅱ]Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _______past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. 2.[2017·全国Ⅰ]As 　　　　result,people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. 3.[2016·全国Ⅰ]The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 　　　　other is with mum—she never suspects. 
1.此处特指过去的25年。
the
2. 此处是固定短语as a result,意为“结果”。
a　　
3. 此处是固定搭配one ... the other ...,意为“一个……另一个……”。
the　　
　　空格处是否填并列连词主要通过分析句子结构而定。这种情况一般是空格前后是两个并列成分,如两个主谓结构完整的句子、作相同成分的词或短语等,而且并列成分之间存在并列、转折、选择、因果等关系。常用的连词有and、 or、 but、 so、 for、 while等,常用的关联短语有both...and...、 either...or...、 neither...nor...、 not only...but also...等。
[2019·全国Ⅱ,67]I work not because I have to, 　　　　because I want to. 　
此处与前面的not一起构成“not...but...”句型,意为“不是……而是……”。
but
1.[2016·全国Ⅲ]In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 　　　　 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. 2.[2017·浙江]Pahlsson screamed 　　　　loudly that her daughter came running from the house. 3.[2017·北京]—Peter, please send us postcards 　　　　we'll know where you have visited. —No problem.
1.China、Japan、Korea和Vietnam是并列关系,故此处用连词and。
and
2. 此处是固定搭配so ... that ...,意为“如此……以至于……”。
so　　
3. 根据语境可知,后半句意为“以便我们知道你游览过的地方”,故用so。
so　　
　　从句引导词用来引导状语从句、名词性从句和定语从句。判断空格处填哪一类引导词,首先要看它所引导的是哪一种从句,然后根据引导词的种类和功能来确定填哪一个引导词。
[2019·全国Ⅲ,64]They were well trained by their masters________ had great experience with caring for these animals. 　
此处用who或that引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,修饰先行词masters。
who / that
1.[2018·全国Ⅱ] The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program _______gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.  2.[2018·全国Ⅰ] Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 　　　　showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. 
1. 空格处引导一个定语从句,先行词是program,指物,且关系代词作定语从句的主语,故用that / which。
that / which　
2. 空格处引导一个定语从句,先行词study指物,在从句中作主语,故填that / which。
that / which　　　　
3.[2018·全国Ⅲ]I'm not sure 　　　　is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. 4.[2018·北京]　　　　 we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. 
3.　空格处引导一个宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,根据语境可知此处表示“谁/哪一个更害怕”,故填who / which。
who / which
4.　根据语境可知,这是一个条件状语从句,故用if引导。
If　　　
5.[2018·天津] Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend _______ that they get sweet enough to be eaten. 6.[2017·全国Ⅰ]Like anything,it is possible to have too much of both, _______ is not good for the health. 
5.　根据语境可知,从句为目的状语从句,故用so that引导。
so
6.　分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中作主语,且指代整个主句的内容,故用which。
which　　　
　　有时,我们需要用助动词来构成某些句式,如疑问句、否定句或强调句型等;另外,有时也需要根据语境填上相应的情态动词。
Then the driver stood up and asked, “　　　　 anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” 　　
分析句子结构可知,这是一个一般疑问句,询问过去发生的事情,故用助动词did。
Did
[2017·北京]Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, 　　　　easily reach the books on the top shelf. 　　
根据语境可知,此处表示能力,故填can。
can
　　有时也需要根据固定搭配、逻辑关系以及句式结构填写适当的词。
[2018·全国Ⅰ,65]While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life_______ walking, cycling or swimming. 
根据上文的more effective可知,此处用than。
than
1.So, get an early start and try to be as productive 　　　　possible before lunch.  2.It was raining lightly when I arrived in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn't care. A few hours 　　　　, I'd been at home in Hong Kong, with its choking smog. 
1.　as ...as possible为固定搭配,意为“尽可能……”。
as
2.　根据语境可知,此处表示“几个小时前,我待在香港的家里”,“待在家里”应该是发生在过去动作arrived之前,故此处填before / earlier。注意主句用了过去完成时,所以不可以用ago。
before / earlier　　　
对点集训（三十二）
(时间:40分钟)Ⅰ.单句填空(冠词、代词)1.[2019·全国Ⅰ]Of 　　　　nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 2.[2019·浙江]When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody has to worry about fashion(时尚).Everybody wears _______ same style of clothes.  
1.　此处特指19种被辨认出的北极熊亚种群,因此用定冠词the。
the
2.　此处指“每个人都穿相同风格的衣服”,same是形容词,意思是“相同的”,常与the连用修饰名词。
the
3.[2017·全国Ⅱ]This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over 　　　　top. 4.[2017·全国Ⅲ]Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as_______ model in New York. 
3.　此处表特指,故用定冠词the。
the
4.　model是可数名词,在此处表示泛指,且该词以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。
a
5.[2017·全国Ⅱ]However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using _______ every day. 6.[2016·全国Ⅱ]Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for _______ while,exercising, or doing something you enjoy. 
5.　it在这里指代句子的主语the railway。
it
6.　for a while “一会儿”,为固定搭配。
a
7.[2016·全国Ⅱ]In that case, we will learn little about 　　　　world. 8.[2016·浙江]　　　　 prize for the winner of the competition is_____ two-week holiday in Paris. 
7.　world属于表示世上独一无二的事物的名词,其前应用定冠词the。
the
8.　第一空,“比赛获胜者的奖励”为特指,故应用定冠词the;第二空,“一次两周的休假”为泛指,故应用不定冠词a。
The a
9.[2016·浙江]In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from 　　　　in the UK. 10.[2020·青海西宁模拟]Qinghai Lake is 　　　　largest inland saltwater lake in China. Its view is one of the great draws of Qinghai Province in China's far northwest every June and July. 
9.　that指代上文中出现的the education system。
that
10.　形容词的最高级前加定冠词the。
the
11.[2020·山东师大附中月考]For Pahlsson, its return was_______ wonder.  12.[2020·湖南长郡中学月考]Although they may not find a new best friend, they will learn how to interact and work as 　　　　team, something that they'll find useful later in life. 
11.a　抽象名词表示具体意义时,其前需用不定冠词。
a
12.　此处表示泛指,用不定冠词。
a
13.[2020·安徽皖南八校联考]Our local Community Youth Club is very popular with young people in my town. I have been_______ member for four years now. 14.[2020·青海西宁模拟]Few tourists make 　　　to this part of China to enjoy this oil painting of a scene, not counting packs of mad cyclists who come for Tour de Qinghai Lake International Cycling Race every summer. 
13.a　不定冠词a表示“一”的意思。
a
14.　此处是固定短语make it,指成功地做某事。
it
15.[2020·成都零诊]Music should be taught routinely in schools because of the benefits 　　　　can have on the development of the brains of young children. 16.[2020·云南师大附中月考]The difference between a man who succeeds and 　　　　who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities. 
15.　此处是一个省略了that的定语从句,that在从句中作宾语,空白处在从句中作主语,指代句中的名词music。故填it。
it
16.　此处用one指代a man,以避免与前面的a man重复。
one
17.It was said that police had been called to the scene following a report of a collision involving her vehicle and 　　　　of another motorist. 18.Researchers have not found 　　　　cure, but they are developing a better understanding of the disease. 
17.　此处用that代替上文的同类不同物的vehicle。
that
18.　cure意为“治疗方法”时是可数名词。此处用不定冠词a,表示泛指。
a
19.How beautifully she sings! I've never heard 　　　　better voice. 20.Parents often find 　　　　difficult to win their children's trust and they always forget how they themselves felt when young. 
19.　“否定词+不定冠词+比较级+n.”,表示最高级意义。
a
20.　“find it +adj. +to do sth”为固定结构,其中it作形式宾语。
it
21.When Kerry and Sam met again two years later, each was pleased to see the　　　　. 22.I know you want to borrow money but I don't have 　　　　at hand myself. 
21.　根据句子语境可知,克里和萨姆两个人相互见面,故用 other。
other
22.　I don't have any即I don't have any money, any作代词,用于否定句和疑问句中表示“任何数量;任一数额”,与语境相符。
any
23.Telling Chinese stories well is 　　　　effective way to raise ______ influence of Chinese culture. 24.In 　　　　era when everyone is from the media, the Internet live broadcast area needs to maintain integrity and become a window into good social trends. 
23.　effective是一个以元音音素开头的单词,前面使用an,表示“一个有效的方法”; influence后面有定语of Chinese culture,特指中国文化的影响力。
an the
24.　空格后面的era是一个以元音音素开头的单词,且此处表泛指,故用an。
an
25.You might not hear any gunshot, but a war had already started—_______biggest trade war in economic history. 26.Many Internet users make 　　　　most of the half-price promotion and it is a good opportunity for online shopkeepers to get their names known.  27.Studies in China have shown that a person who can write well should have 　　　　good knowledge of between 3,000 and 4,000 characters. 
25.　根据空格后面的形容词最高级可知,此处应使用the。
the
26.　make the most of “充分利用”,为固定搭配。
the
27.　have a good knowledge of “精通;熟练掌握”,为固定搭配。
a
Ⅱ.语法填空(滚动考点)Passage 1 [2020·哈尔滨九中月考]One day a young man 1.　 　　　(walk) along the road when he heard a cry. It seemed to be coming from underneath a bridge. As he approached the bridge, the sound got 2.________ (loud) and then he saw 3.　　　　 pitiful sight.
本文讲述了一位年轻人用他的爱与善意赢得了小狗的忠诚的故事。
2.　当他走近桥的时候,那个声音变得更大了。根据句意可知用形容词的比较级。
1.　此处为固定句式be doing sth when...“正在做某事,这时候……”。又根据本句中的heard可知应用过去进行时。
was walking
louder
3.　本句不缺成分,但sight表示“场景;情景”时为可数名词,其前需用数量词,故填a。
a
7.　此处是副词修饰动词,故用gently。
4.　此空引导一个非限制性定语从句,空白处在从句中作定语,故用whose引导。
There, lying in the muddy riverbed was a little dog about two months old, 4.　　　　 front legs were tightly tied with ropes. It had wounds on its head and 5.　　　 　 (cover) with mud.  The young man wanted to help the dog, 6.　　　　 as he approached, the dog started to bark. The young man did not give up. He sat down and started 7.　　　　(gentle) talking to the dog.
5.　be covered with是固定短语,意为“被……覆盖”。根据上文可知用一般过去时。
whose
was covered
6.　年轻人想要帮助小狗,但是他一靠近,小狗就叫。前后为转折关系,故用but。
but
gently
It took a long time but eventually the dog 8.　　　　(stop) barking and the man was able to touch it. The young man carried the dog home, cared for its wounds, and gave it food and water. Even with all of this, the dog was still 9.　　 　　(friend) every time the young man approached. But the young man did not give up.
9.　尽管年轻人做了这一切,但每次他一靠近,小狗仍不友好。friend为名词,前面有be动词,故此处填形容词作表语。
8.　根据全文可知,事情发生在过去,故用一般过去时。
stopped
unfriendly
Weeks went by and the man continued attending to the dog. Then one day, as the young man approached, the dog wagged its tail.  It was consistent love and kindness 10.　　　 won a lifelong friendship of loyalty. 
10.　此处为“It was...that...”强调句型,正是持久的爱与善意赢得了终生的忠诚友谊,故填that。
that
Passage 2 That Christmas Eve, the streets of Boston were crowded with tourists and locals in various clothes. It seemed that everyone 1._________ (accompany) by someone else. Only I was alone.  As the eldest child of my family 2._________(grow) up in New York's crowded apartment, every part of me wanted to be alone, but not at Christmas.
有时候,自己送给自己的礼物才是最好的。
2.　分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词;child和grow之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,因此应该填growing。
1.　根据句中的by可知此处应使用被动语态,此句叙述的是过去发生的事情,句子的主语为everyone,因此应该填was accompanied。
was accompanied
growing
My family had returned to Puerto Rico, my 3._________(friend) had gone home during the holiday break, and my acquaintances were involved in 4._________(they) own lives. Dusk was falling, and 5._________thought of my empty apartment brought tears to my eyes. I wished someone would come out from his home and ask me inside to a warm room with a Christmas tree 6._________(decorate) with colorful lights. 
4.　根据空后的own lives可知,此处填入形容词性物主代词their。
3.　friend为可数名词,且根据常识可知,朋友应该不止一个,所以此处填入其复数形式。
friends
their
6.　此处在句中作后置定语修饰tree,由于decorate和tree之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,因此应该填decorated。
5.　此处表示特指,因此应填入定冠词the。
the
decorated
I missed my family. Leaving Puerto Rico was still a wound in my soul. I'd 7._________(frequent) mourned the losses, but for the first time, I recognized what I'd gained. I was 8._________(depend), educated, healthy, and adventurous.  
8.　此处在句中作表语,且表示“独立的”,因此应填入形容词independent。
7.　此处是副词修饰动词。
frequently
independent
Sometimes the best gift is the one you give to yourself. That Christmas, I felt proud of 9._________I'd accomplished so far and gave myself permission to go forward, unafraid. It is the best gift 10._________ I've ever received, the one I most treasure. 
10.　这里是一个定语从句,先行词是gift,指物,且前面有最高级the best修饰,因此只能使用关系代词that引导该定语从句。
9.　空白处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作宾语,故填what。
what
that
Passage 3 In the past few years, more than half of bookstores in China have closed down, 1._________is the result of the 2.___________(compete) from online bookstores. But the success of Sisyphe Bookstore, one of the 3._________(big) privately-owned bookstore chains in China, may serve 4._________a great example. 
在过去的几年里,网络书店的竞争使中国超过一半的实体书店倒闭。但是,作为中国最大的私营连锁书店之一的西西弗书店却成功了。
2.　本空前有定冠词the,需要填名词。
1.　分析句子可知,此处是一个非限制性定语从句,本空指代前半句话,要用关系词which。
which
competition
4.　serve as...为固定搭配,意为“充当;担任”。
3.　根据前面的one of the...可知,此处要用形容词最高级形式。
biggest
as
5._________(found) in 1993, Sisyphe started to transform and upgrade its business in 2009 to seek its profitability. Now, it devotes itself to 6._________(sell) books, but combines the functions of bookstore, café and sale of 7._________(create) cultural products. Sisyphe opens its bookstores in shopping malls in order to take advantage of the large number of consumers of shopping malls to sell its books, and it also 8._________(able) people to enjoy spending time reading and drinking coffee.
6.　“devote...to...”为固定结构,其中的to为介词,其后要用动名词形式。
5.　分析句子可知,found的逻辑主语是Sisyphe,二者是动宾关系,要用过去分词。
Founded
selling
8.　分析句子可知,空白处是谓语。由上文可知,要用一般现在时,而主语为it,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
7.　分析句子可知,空白处修饰名词products,要用形容词形式。
creative
enables
In return, bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls, so 9._____is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.  So far, the government 10.__________(offer) tax reduction for bookstores to encourage the development of physical bookstores. Perhaps it is early to say the boom of physical bookstores has come, but definitely, we see the turning point to them. 
10.　根据本句中的So far可知,本空要用现在完成时。本句的主语是the government,与谓语动词offer是主谓关系,故用has offered。
9.　分析句子可知,句中真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to have such cooperation,故此处用it作形式主语。
it
has offered
对点集训（三十二）
(时间:40分钟)Ⅰ.单句填空(介词)1.[2019·全国Ⅲ]We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _________dogs, seven to be exact. 2.[2019·浙江]But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer _________this question is not clear.  
1.　a pack of... 是固定搭配,意为“一群……”。
of
2.　the answer to...是固定搭配,意为“……的答案”。
to
3.[2017·全国Ⅲ]After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree _________engineering or architecture. 4.[2017·天津]When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be _________trees that are over 1,000 years old. 
3.　get a degree in ... “获得……学位”。
in
4.　among意为“在……之间;在……中”,主要用于三者或三者以上。由上文中的drive through the Redwood Forests可知,among符合语境。
among
5.[2017·北京]Many people who live along the coast make a living _________ fishing industry. 6.[2017·江苏]Determining where we are in relation _________our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival. 
5.　介词in在此表示“从事于……”。make a living in fishing industry “靠渔业谋生”。
in
6.　此处为固定短语in relation to, 意为“与……有关”。
to
7.[2020·青海西宁模拟]Xinjiang is increasingly attracting visitors _________its extraordinary natural beauty and fascinating history and culture.  8.[2020·重庆南开中学月考]Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live _________ harmony with nature. 
7.　根据语境可知,此处表示原因,用介词for。
for
8.　此处为固定短语in harmony with, 意为“与……和谐相处;与……一致”。
in
9.[2020·河北衡水中学月考]In India, for example, most people traditionally eat _________their hands. 10.[2020·湖北黄冈模拟]On a sunny day, the sun's radiation heats the land, which _________turn heats the air just above it. 
9.　with+人体部位或工具,表示“用……(工具)”。
with
10.　此处是固定短语in turn,意思是“反过来”。
in
11.These comments came in response _________specific questions often asked by local newsmen. 12.In addition _________the injures in the face and hands, he broke both legs while playing the final game. 
11.　in response to “作为对……的回答;作为对……的反应”,为固定搭配。
to
12.　in addition to “除……之外(还)”,为固定搭配。
to
13.She contributed more than any other scientist _________solving the structure of DNA. 14.This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you _________advance that if you smoked here you would be fined. 15.Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes _________animals both on land and sea? 
13.　contribute... to (doing) sth “为(做)某事做出贡献”,to为介词,后跟名词或动名词作宾语。
to
14.　in advance “预先;提前”,为固定搭配。
in
15.　be home to ... “是……的家园或栖息地”,为固定搭配。
to
Ⅱ.语法填空(滚动考点)Passage 1 [2020·广东广雅中学模拟]Will it matter if you don't take your breakfast? Recently a test 1._________(give) in the United Sates. Those tested included people of different 2._________(age) from 12 to 83. During the experiment, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts, and sometimes they got 3._________breakfast at all.
本文通过一个试验来告诉我们吃早餐的好处,同时也说明了不吃早餐的坏处。
2.　根据different以及from 12 to 83可知,此处用名词的复数形式。
1.　根据下文可知此处指过去的事情,句子主语a test和give之间是动宾关系,所以这里用was given。
was given
ages
3.　此处指有时被测试的人根本不吃早餐,breakfast是名词,故用no。
no
Special tests were set up 4._________(see) how their bodies worked when they had eaten 5._________certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effect 6._________if he or she has no breakfast.
5.　句意:为了观察当他们吃了某种早餐时他们的身体是如何工作的,有人进行了特殊的测试。a certain kind of“某一种”,是固定结构。
4.　此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
to see
a
6.　根据better可知此空填than。
than
This fact appears to be 7._________(especial) true if a person works 8._________his brains. For example, if a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before 9._________(go) to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with 10._________(much) attention in class. 
8.　句意:如果一个人从事脑力工作,这个事实似乎尤其正确。介词with意为“使用”。
7.　此处用副词修饰形容词,故答案为especially。
especially
with
10.　根据本句中的more quickly可知此处也要使用比较级的形式。
9.　介词before后应用动名词形式。
going
more
Passage 2 How can we do something for the environment? A Dutchman will tell you. Tommy Kleyn is an 1._________(art) from Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Last year on his way to work, he passed by a riverbank where rubbish 2.____________(collect).Seeing it, he made up his mind to start to pick up the rubbish.
本文通过Tommy Kleyn的故事让我们思考该如何保护环境。
2.　垃圾是被收集起来的,所以要用被动语态;且根据Last year可知,此处应用一般过去时。
1.　Tommy Kleyn是一位来自荷兰的艺术家。
artist
was collected
3._________he spent 30 minutes every day filling one garbage bag with rubbish.Having posted the pictures on his Facebook account, he got some help 4._________his friends.On his Facebook page, Tommy said, “5._________(take) 30 minutes out of your day 6._________(fill)a trash bag with rubbish.It really makes a difference and you will be 7._______ (amaze) at how good you feel afterwards.” 
4.　此处表示“从某人处获得帮助”,用介词from。
3.　分析语境可知,前后是因果关系,所以要用连词so。
So
from
6.　此处用不定式表目的。
5.　分析句子结构可知此处是祈使句,故用动词原形。
Take
to fill
7.　主语为you,故此处填amazed。be amazed at “对……感到惊讶”。
amazed
Now Kleyn is receiving 8._________(variety) photos and stories of people beginning to clean their waterways from places as far as Taiwan, China.And 9._________(bird) start nesting at the riverbank he has cleaned.Every day is 10._________Earth Day.What can we do for our planet? 
9.　bird为可数名词,由谓语动词start可知,此处填birds。
8.　此处需用形容词修饰名词photos,故用various / varied。
various / varied
birds
10.　此处表示泛指,且earth以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an。
an
Passage 3 As we all know, Hangzhou, a beautiful city, won the bid 1._________September 16th, 2015. Thus, it will be the third Chinese city 2._________(host) the Asian Games. 　　Hangzhou is a beautiful city with a long history. Hosting the Asian Games will give it a new look. 3._________the event will cost the government a lot, the benefits are easy for us to see.
本文主要介绍了杭州正在为2022年亚运会做准备。
2.　名词前有序数词修饰时用不定式作后置定语。
1.　在具体的某一日期前用介词on。
on
to host
3.　此处为让步状语从句,由语境可知此处表示“尽管”。
Though / Although / While
To the citizens in Hangzhou, the best part of it is that it will give them the chance to watch world-class matches and 4.___________(compete) close to home. Secondly, there is no doubt 5._________the event will attract more visitors to enjoy 6._________(visit) this wonderful city. At the same time, it is good for the 7._________(develop) of the tourism.
5.　此处是固定用法there is no doubt that...,意为“毫无疑问的是……”。
4.　此处与matches并列,用名词的复数形式。
competitions
that
7.　由空前的the和空后的of可知此处应填名词。
6.　enjoy后接动名词作宾语。
visiting
development
Meanwhile, as the construction goes on, more roads 8._________(build) and the metro system will be expanded, 9._________can reduce traffic jams. 　　 In the next few years, Hangzhou will try its best to prepare 10.______ (it)for the big show. A splendid Hangzhou is waiting to see you in 2022. 
9.　此句引导一个非限定性定语从句,关系词指代前面的内容并在从句中作主语,故用which。
8.　roads与build之间是动宾关系,且根据and后的will be expanded可知,这里要用一般将来时,所以此处用一般将来时的被动语态。
will be built
which
10.　此处作prepare的宾语,且主语为Hangzhou,故用反身代词itself。
itself
对点集训（三十四）
(时间:40分钟)Ⅰ.单句填空(并列句和复合句)1.[2019·全国Ⅰ]While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence _________they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 2.[2019·浙江]On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth _________gives off light in the dark.  
1.　此处缺引导同位语从句的连接词that,说明evidence的具体内容。
that
2.　此处是限制性定语从句,先行词是cloth,指物,从句中缺少主语,因此可以用that或which引导。
that/which
3.[2018·全国Ⅰ]_________you're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 4.[2018·全国Ⅰ] Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting to use _________he taught me. 
3.　此处是“whether...or...”句型。
whether
4.　由句子结构可知,该空引导宾语从句,并在从句中作taught的宾语,应用what引导此宾语从句。
what
5.[2018·全国Ⅲ]Adults understand _________it feels like to be flooded with objects. 6.[2018·天津] The gold medal will be awarded to _________wins the first place in the bicycle race. 
5.　由句子结构可知,该空引导宾语从句,在从句中作feels like的宾语,所以用what引导这个宾语从句。
what
6.　分析句子可知,空格处引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语,再根据语境可知,这里主语指人,故用whoever,表示“任何人;无论谁”。
whoever
7.[2018·北京] Without his support, we wouldn't be _________we are now. 8.[2018·北京] This is _________my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 
7.　句意:没有他的支持,我们是不会在现在这个位置的。该空引导表语从句,结合句意可知,此处指我们所处的位置,故应用where引导。
where
8.　该空引导表语从句,在从句中作taught的宾语,故该从句应用what引导。
what
9.[2018·江苏]By boat is the only way to get here, which is _________we arrived. 10.[2017·北京]_________birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes. 
9.　分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知,该空引导表语从句。用连接副词how引导表语从句,充当方式状语,表示“如何”。
how
10.句意:尽管鸟儿用羽毛飞翔,但是它们的一些羽毛还有其他用途。故用although / though / while引导让步状语从句。
Although / Though / While　
11.[2017·全国Ⅲ]But Sarah, _________has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. 12.[2016·浙江]_________online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive. 
11.　此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Sarah,指人且在从句中作主语,故用关系代词who。
who
12.句意:尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活,但不是所有的影响都是积极的。此处用while / although / though引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管;虽然”。
While / Although / Though　
13.[2016·全国Ⅲ]Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, _________lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC, influenced the development of chopsticks. 14.[2020·江西南昌二中月考]Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children,_________is quite unexpected. 
13.　此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词Confucius指人,在从句中作主语,故用关系代词who。
who
14.　此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面主句的内容,故用which。
which
15.[2020·河南南阳模拟]Creating an atmosphere in_________ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. 16.[2020·河北唐山一中月考]Tin Ka-ping, _________was a Hong Kong industrialist and philanthropist(慈善家), died at the age of 99, his foundation said. 
15.　本句中,“介词in+关系代词”引导定语从句,修饰先行词atmosphere,将先行词代入从句中可知,应填which, in which相当于where,在从句中作地点状语。
which
16.　此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词Tin ka-ping指人,在从句中作主语,故用who。
who
17.[2020·安徽安庆一中月考]China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_________shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. 18.As John Lennon once said, life is _________happens to you while you are busy making other plans. 
17.　此处引导非限制性定语从句,关系词在句中作主语,指代整个主句内容,故用which来引导。
which
18.　该空引导一个表语从句,从句中缺少主语,指事情,故用what来引导。
what
19.Make up your mind, _________you will miss the valuable chance. 20.He wrote many children's books, nearly half of _________were published in the 1990s. 
19.　分析句子可知,此处表示转折,应填or / otherwise,意为“否则”。
or / otherwise
20.　本句中,“介词of+关系代词”引导定语从句,先行词为children's books,指物,故填which。
which
21.I was feeling hungry, _________I made myself a sandwich. 22.There is only one more day to go _________your favorite music group play live. 
21.　根据语境可知,此处应填表示“因此;所以”的并列连词so。
so
22.　句意:离你最喜欢的乐队现场表演就剩下一天时间了。before意为“在……之前”,符合句意。
before
23.Just _________a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph. 24._________we persist in this practice, gradually we'll learn how to express ourselves in English. 
23.　句意:正如一个单词可以改变一个句子的含义一样,一个句子也可以改变一个段落的含义。as “正如;正像”,引导方式状语从句。
as
24.　根据语境可知,此处是一种假设,表示条件,故用if。
If
Ⅱ.语法填空(滚动考点)Passage 1 [2020·河南名校联盟模拟]My 8-year-old son took it upon himself to plan a 10th anniversary 1.__________(celebrate)for my husband and me this weekend. He planned the whole day, 2._________(start)with what he thought to be the 3._________(good)breakfast to prepare for my husband as a surprise.
作者8岁的儿子策划了作者和丈夫结婚10周年的庆祝活动。
2.　空格处作非谓语动词,he和start是逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用现在分词形式。
1.　本空用名词celebration作宾语,表示“庆祝活动”。
celebration
starting
3.　空格处前面有定冠词,句意表示“最好的早餐”,因此用best。
best
Then he suggested going on 4._________romantic picnic on the beach, 5._________(follow)by a family game time to celebrate the family that resulted from our happy marriage in the first place.  He 6.__________(thoughtful)included a “card-making” station he had set up with markers and construction paper to help each of us to privately create loving anniversary cards 7._________each other.
5.　这里用过去分词作状语表示被动含义。
4.　go on a picnic“去野餐”,是固定搭配。
a
followed
7.　与句中动词create呼应,填for表示“为某人创造……”。
6.　此处用副词修饰动词include。
thoughtfully
for
He also recreated the special moments from our wedding day, with music he 8._________(select)beforehand and foods and drinks.  He had also spent all week before the anniversary making paper hearts. He then 9._________(ask)me to string them all over the house on the morning of the anniversary, so that he and I could surprise his dad,my husband with all the love.
9.　此处用提示动词的一般过去时表示过去的动作。
8.句中的beforehand表明此处用过去完成时,表示过去动作之前的动作或延续性的状态。
had selected　
asked
It was such a kind gesture for a little boy. I left the whole thing in his little hands, 10._________turned out beautiful! He told me he wanted to make an “unforgettable” day for us. 
10.　此处引导定语从句,且在从句中作主语,故用关系代词which指代前面的事情。
which
Passage 2 On receiving my learner's permit a couple of months ago, I started driving lessons straight away. However, it wasn't until two days ago 1._________Dad finally allowed me to drive on the motorway. Our destination was Orewa, 2._________seaside town. 
本文主要讲述了作者第一次开车载家人去旅行的经历。
2. 　此处泛指一个海边小镇,故填a。
1.　此处为强调句型“it was not until...that...”,故填that。
that
a
That morning I made sure I had enough to drink and went to the toilet about three times 3._________we left. I thought I was totally prepared 4._________the journey, but nothing could have prepared me for my family's complaints.  “Relax! Don't hold the steering wheel so 5._________(tight),” called a nervous voice from the backseat. 
4.　固定搭配be prepared for,意为“准备好……”。
3.　根据语境可知,这是指作者在出发前去了三次厕所。
before
for
5.　修饰动词用副词tightly。
tightly
“Speed up. 70 km/h isn't fast enough. You are holding up the traffic,” another voice ordered from the seat next to 6._________(I).  How 7._________(annoy) it was! To content them, I 8._______ (step) hard on the accelerator(加速器), and within a second, an angry voice began to yell again. 
7.　此处指“多么令人烦恼啊”,故填annoying。
6.　这里的座位既可以指作者旁边,也可以指作者的座位旁边,故既可以填mine也可以填me。
mine / me
annoying
8.　根据上文可知,这件事情发生在过去,用一般过去时,所以填stepped。
stepped
“Stop! Slow down! Are you crazy? Did I tell you 9._________(go) above 100 km/h?”  Finally I drove into the city, where the speed limit was only 50 km/h. My family seemed relieved and stopped telling me what to do. On our way home, the journey was much 10._________(easy) than before as everyone else fell fast asleep. So, I just took my time and enjoyed the drive. 
10.　根据下文的than before可知此处需用比较级,故填easier。
9.　tell sb to do sth“告诉某人做某事”。
to go
easier
Passage 3 Many people think that universities should serve the public, not just their professors and students. In 1._________opinion, universities are public assets—they should serve not only the students and faculty 2._________the general public as well.
大学是否应该向使用其运动场的公众收取费用?本文讲述了两种对立观点及理由。
2.　not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”是固定搭配,also可以省略。
1.　前一句的主语是Many people,此处指“在他们看来”,故填their。
their
but
If there are too many “outside” people on the campus disturbing the order, school officials should do something to control the crowds without 3._________ (demand) payment. In addition, the university has many other options to control public access 4._________the campus or sports field, such as giving free access cards to 5._________(resident) of the closest communities. Charging a fee is not a fair option. 
4.　大学还有许多其他的选择来控制外界人士进入校园或运动场地,access to“进入(的方式)”。
3.　without是介词,后面不能跟动词原形,需用动词-ing形式。
demanding
to
5.　此处泛指附近的居民,resident是可数名词,应该用其复数形式。
residents
However, opponents argue that universities are not 6._________ (complete) open space for the public to use. They hold the view that charging a fee is the most effective way of controlling access. A high fee would filter out(过滤) most of the visitors who have no desire 7.______ (use) the sports field for its intended purpose.
7.　have no desire to do sth“不愿做某事”,是固定搭配。
6.　此处需要用副词来修饰形容词,表示大学的开放程度。
completely
to use
Besides, universities and their facilities are expensive investments, which 8._________(fund) by the government and the public for the education of students and 9._________(science) research. If every member of the public 10._________(want) to use these facilities, which might cause stress on the university's resources, it will make sense that they should pay a price. 
8.此处陈述的是一般情况,应用一般现在时;which指代universities and their facilities,与fund是动宾关系,故从句谓语动词用are funded。
9.　research是名词,前面应用形容词修饰。
are funded　
scientific
10.　此处是一个条件状语从句,主句是it will make sense that they should pay a price,从句中缺乏谓语,根据“主将从现”这一规则可知从句时态为一般现在时,主语是单数,故填wants。
wants
延时符
谢
谢
观
赏