二轮复习专题12习 名词性从句 高考英语语法专项讲练课件
展开As lng as yu lve me (backstreet bys)Althugh lneliness has always been a friend f mine,I'm leaving my life in yur hands.Peple say I'm crazy and that I am blind,risking it all in a glanceHw yu gt me blind is still a mystery.I can't get yu ut f my head.Dn't care what is written in yur histry,as lng as yu're here with me.I dn't care wh yu are,where yu're frm,what yu did,as lng as yu lve me.
Peple say I'm crazy and that I am blind,Hw yu gt me blind is still a mystery.I dn't care wh yu are,where yu're frm,what yu did,as lng as yu lve me.
Nun Clauses(名词性从句)
在句子中起名词作用的句子
名词性从句中连接词的使用
1. whether r nt 2. whether t d3. discuss和介词后的宾语从句 4. 引导主语从句置于句首时5. 引导表语从句和同位语从句
2. 缺主语、宾语、表语、定语
what(东西/事情,指物) /wh(谁,指人)/which(哪一个)/whse(谁的)
3. 缺状语时间 when 缺地点 where 原因 why 怎样如何用 hw
1. 没有词义,用 that
2. 译为“是否”,用 whether/if
名词性从句类型及用法说明
一、 主语从句(Subject Clauses)
1. 主语从句:从句在句中充当______成分
2. 连接词:that,whether,及wh-疑问词
That she will help me made us happy.
Whether he will cme is nt clear.
What he wants t tell us is nt clear.Wh will win the match is still unknwn.
that引导主语从句时虽然不充当成分,但不可省略,它是句子结构的一部分不可缺少。
句子语法功能完整,句意完整
句子语法功能完整,句意不完整
考点一:主语从句后置 为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用____作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在最后.That we shall be late is certain.-- It’s certain that we shall be late.1. That the earth is rund is knwn t all.-- 2. That yu missed the chance is a pity.--
It is a pity that yu missed the chance.
It’s knwn t all that the earth is rund.
It 的用法: (形式主语)It’ s pssible/imprtant/necessary/clear that……很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…It’s said/ reprted that..据说/据报道…It’s been annunced/declared that..已经通知/宣布…It seems/appears/happens that…显然、明显、碰巧’s n wnder that…并不奇怪/无疑…It’s a pity/a fact /a cmmn knwledge (众所周知)
考点二注意:主语从句中 ,谓语动词一般用______What引导的主语从句,可根据表语决定 What he needs ____ that bk.(be) What he needs _____ sme bks.(be)
Wh will g _______n difference. (make)
Which bk I shall chse ____nt been decided.(have)
what引导名词性从句时在从句中______句子成分,如主语,宾语,表语;而that则不然,它在句子中________作用,_________句子成分,但不能省略。例如:(1) What yu said yesterday is right.(2) That we shall be late is certain.
* What 与 that 引导主语从句
二、宾语从句(Object Clauses)
1. 宾语从句的概念:宾语从句在复合句中作主句的______。
2. 句子结构:主句+______________+_________
3. 连接词:当宾语从句是陈述句时(包括肯定句和否定句), 由that引导(可省)当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,由连词 whether或if引导当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,由连接代词(what, wh, whm, which, whse)或连接副词(when, where, why, hw)引导
He has tld me that he will g t Shanghai tmrrw. He asked whether /if I wuld shw him the way.I dn’t knw what yu want.I will give the hnr t whever will vlunteer t cperate with us.I just can’t tell yu wh will vlunteer t help us.
* wh与whever的用法有什么区别呢?
要点二:宾语从句的时态
1. 如果主句是现在的时态 (包括一般现在时 ,现在进行时,现在完成时),从句的时态可根据_________而定,(包括一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在完成时等)
I knw he _______(live)here .I knw he _______(live)here ten years ag . I have heard that he ___________ (cme) tmrrw .
2.如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时),那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的_____的某种时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时, 过去完成时)
I knew wh ______(live) here. I saw she __________(talk) with her mther. He asked whether his father ____________(cme) back tmrrw. He said that he __________(see) it .
was talking
3.当从句是客观真理,定义,公理,定理 时用_____________。
The teacher said that the earth ________ (travel) arund the sun.
it常可以放在动词think, find, cnsider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语而真正的宾语-that从句则放在句尾. I dn’t think it right that yu cheat in the exam. I fund it difficult that I tld lies t him.
要点三: it做形式宾语
三、表语从句(Predicative Clauses)
1. 表语从句是在复合句中作_______的名词性从句, 放在______之后。
主语+系动词+表语从句
连接词:that / whether /as if /as thugh连接代词:wh / whm / whse / which / what 连接副词:when / where / why / hw / because
( if 不引导表语从句)
1.My idea is that we shuld d it right away. 我的意见是马上就干。 2.That is what he meant. 这就是他的意思。 3.The prblem is hw we can find him. 问题是我们如何找到他。 4.The mrning is when I’m busiest. 早上是我最忙的时候。 5.That’s where yu are wrng. 这就是你不对的地方。 6.That’s why he didn’t cme. 这就是他没有来的缘故。 另外,表语从句还可以用as if, as thugh, because等来引导。如: 1.It is because he is t flish. 那是因为他太蠢了。 2.It is nt as thugh we were pr. 又不是我们家里穷。
1. 概念同位语从句在句中充当_______成分,其一般跟在一些抽象名词( idea; belief; fact; truth; prblem; news等) 后面,对名词作进一步_________.
四、同位语从句(Appsitive Clauses)
2. 引导词同位语从句常用 that引导或用when / where/ why / hw / whether / what 来引导
n. + 连接词 + 从句
I have heard the news that he visited ur factry .I have heard the news that he tld yu the ther day .
同位语从句和定语从句的区别:1. 同位语从句——that只起连接作用,不作任何成分 定语从句——that是关系代词,起连接作用和充当主语、宾语和表语2. 同位语从句——同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系, 对名词进行补充说明 定语从句 ——定从和前面的名词是所属关系, 对名词进行修饰,加以限定3. 同位语从句——that不能省 定语从句 ——that在从句中作宾语时,可以省
1.The news that there are n lives n the mn is knwn t us all. ( )2.The news that yu heard is nt true. ( )3.The fact that she wrks hard is well knwn t us all. ( )4.They expressed the hpe that they wuld cme t visit China again. ( )5.The hpe that she expressed is that they wuld cme t visit China again. ( )
Practice :判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句
A.本身无词义,不担当任何语法成分
B.本身有词义,但不担当任何语法成分
C.本身有词义,担当语法成分
D. as if, as thught 引导表语从句
whether/ if
连接代词 what, which, wh, whm, whse, whatever, whichever, whever等连接副词 when, where, why, hw等
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