黑龙江省大庆中学2021-2022学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题含解析

这是一份黑龙江省大庆中学2021-2022学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题含解析，共19页。
第I卷 （选择题 共100分）
第一部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Plan yur dream vacatin t ne f these excellent destinatins.
St. Lucia
Abundant rainfrests and splendid muntains are all reasns t visit this Caribbean island. St. Lucia ffers the perfect mix f relaxatin and adventure. T take in the breathtaking scenery, plan t hike the Pitn Muntains r dive in the waters f Anse Chastanet.
Banff. Alberta
This Canadian destinatin will bring ut the explrer in anyne wh visits. Frm hiking and whitewater rafting t skiing and snwbarding, Banff ffers travelers an abundance f year-rund utdr activities. The Lake Luise Ski Resrt is ne f the largest in Nrth America and the striking pht pprtunities f the Canadian Rckies frm Mraine Lake can’t be underestimated (低估).
Machu Picchu
Accrding t travelers, a visit t this Peruvian UNESCO Wrld Heritage (遗产) site is a nce-in-a-lifetime adventure. Lcated in the Andes Muntains, it is the mst familiar icn (象征物) f Inca civilizatin. Spend a few days accustming yurself t the altitude in the neighbring city f Cusc, where yu can experience a mix f Incan and Spanish cultures.
Great Barrier Reef
It’s easy t see why the Great Barrier Reef is ne f the Seven Natural Wnders f the Wrld — it stretches nearly 1,500 miles alng the eastern castline f Australia and features abut 3,000 reefs, 900 islands and mre than 1,500 species f fish. Travelers can see these amazing natural structures frm the air r underwater. Hwever, large amunts f cral bleaching (褪色) caused by rising cean temperatures put this place’s cntinued existence at risk, s plan yur visit sn t see this awesme sight up clse.
1. What can yu enjy bth in St. Lucia and Banff?
A. Diving.B. Snwbarding.
C. Hiking.D. Skiing.
2. Where may a histrian chse t g?
A. Machu Picchu.B. Banff. Alberta.
C. St. Lucia.D. Great Barrier Reef.
3. What d we knw abut the Great Barrier Reef?
A. Peple must take a plane t enjy its beauty.
B. It’s famus fr cral reefs rather than fish.
C. It’s n the western cast f Australia.
D. It may disappear if temperature keeps n rising.
Cmpassin（同情）is a desire within us t help thers. With effrt, we can translate cmpassin int actin. An experience last weekend shwed me this is true. I wrk part-time in supermarket acrss frm a building fr the elderly. These ld peple are ur main custmers, and it’s nt hard t lse patience ver their slwness. But last Sunday, ne aged gentleman appeared t teach me a valuable lessn. This untidy man walked up t my register（收款机）with a bx f biscuits. He said he was ut f cash, had just mved int his rm, and had nthing in his cupbards. He asked if we culd let him have the fd n trust. He prmised t repay me the next day.
I culdn’t help staring at him. I wndered what kind f persn he had been ten r twenty years befre, and what he wuld be like if frtune had gne his way. I had a hurt in my heart fr this kind f human sul, all alne in the wrld. I tld him that I was srry, but stre rules didn’t allw me t d s. I felt stupid and unkind saying this, but I valued my jb.
Just then, anther man, standing behind the first, spke up. If anything, he lked mre pitiable, “Charge it t me,” was all he said.
What I had been feeling was pity. Pity is sft and safe and easy. Cmpassin, n the ther hand, is caring in actin. I thanked the secnd man but tld him that was nt allwed either. Then I reached int my pcket and paid fr the biscuits myself. I reached int my pcket because these tw men had reached int my heart and taught me cmpassin.
4. The aged gentleman wh wanted t buy the biscuits ______.
A. prmised t bey the stre rules
B. hped t have the fd first and pay later
C. frgt t take his credit card with him
D. culd nt affrd anything mre expensive
5. Which f the fllwing best describes the ld gentleman?
A. Kind and lucky.B. Friendly and helpful.
C. Pr and lnely.D. Hurt and disappinted.
6. Why did the authr refuse the ld gentle man’s request first?
A. He cnsidered the ld man dishnest.
B. He felt n pity fr the ld gentleman.
C. He wanted t keep his present jb.
D. He expected smene else t pay fr the ld man.
7. What lessn did the authr learn frm this experience?
A. Obeying the rules means mre than cmpassin.
B. Wealth is mst imprtant in lder age.
C. Experience is better gained thrugh practice.
D. Cmpassin means helping in sme way.
If the three Rs (reduce, reuse and recycle) is a guideline t save the planet, garbage-srting is where the effrts start. Since May 1, Beijing has started t carry ut mandatry garbage-srting in new effrts t better prtect the envirnment. Under the new regulatin, residents are required t classify husehld waste int fur categries: kitchen, recyclable, hazardus and ther waste. Peple wh fail t srt their garbage prperly can be fined frm 50 t 200 yuan, reprted Xinhua.
Sme residential cmmunities in Beijing have intrduced rewards t encurage residents t srt their garbage. Accrding t Xinhua, residents can earn pints by classifying their dmestic waste crrectly and then exchange the pints they accumulate fr daily necessities such as sap.
Garbage srting practices have reached ver 70 percent f husing estates in 18 cities, including Shanghai, Xiamen and Hangzhu, accrding t the Ministry f Husing and Urban-Rural Develpment. Shanghai first enacted a mandatry garbage-srting regulatin in July 2019 and has had a 90 percent cmpliance (服从) rate amng its husing estates.
Accrding t a reprt by the Ministry f Eclgy and Envirnment, ver 90 percent f the public believe that garbage-srting is imprtant fr the prtectin f the envirnment. Hwever, garbage-srting is still a big prblem in China. Only 30 percent f participants said they think they are cmpletely srting their waste, the reprt nted. Accrding t Xinhua, it’s partly because many peple lack the willingness t srt their wn waste. Als, sme previus garbage regulatins didn’t include fines fr peple wh failed t bey them.
“It’s a must t have a legal guarantee t prmte garbage srting,” Liu Jiangu, a prfessr frm Tsinghua University, tld China Daily, “Aside frm China, many cuntries like Germany, Spain and Britain, als ask peple t srt waste int specific categries. In Japan, there is a fixed time fr the srting f each kind f garbage and littering.”
8. What can we learn abut the new regulatin in Beijing?
A. It hasn’t been put int use yet.
B. Residents can srt the garbage as they like.
C. Peple can get mney if they classify their dmestic waste crrectly.
D. Thse wh can’t srt the garbage as the new rule requires shall be fined.
9. What’s the prblem in garbage srting in China?
A. Mst peple are unaware f its imprtance in prtecting envirnment.
B. Sme peple dn’t want t take the truble t srt the garbage.
C. Only residents in big cities can srt the trash crrectly.
D. The gvernment desn’t have enugh mney t supprt garbage srting.
10. What can we infer frm Liu Jiangu’s wrds?
A. It’s difficult t carry ut garbage srting in China.
B. Sme laws in garbage-srting are needed.
C. Peple in develped cuntries can better srt the garbage.
D. We shuld learn frm Japan.
11. What’s the best title f the passage?
A. Garbage srting, a new start in ChinaB. New regulatins in Beijing
C. Argument n garbage srtingD. Hw t srt dmestic garbage
When parents discver their children have lied t them fr the first time, it can ften cme as a shck t find their little treasures are capable f such a trick. But new research has suggested many parents may nt even ntice many f the lies their children tell them.
Psychlgists have discvered that mst parents are ver-cnfident in their children's hnesty and this may impair their ability t discver a lie.
The findings may help t explain why sme parents seem t be willing t let their children get away with(未受惩罚) almst anything even in the face f the evidence. They say parents suffer frm a “truth bias(偏见)” with their wn yungsters, but when faced with lies frm ther peple's children, they have less difficulty telling if a statement is true r nt.
Dr Angela Evans, a psychlgist at Brck University in Canada, said, “The clse relatinship that parents share with their wn children may lead t parents failing t detect their children's lies. Parents' truth bias may result in parents being less dubtful abut their children, allwing them t successfully cheat them.” Mst children are thught t start lying as early as tw years ld but start telling mre believable lies at arund the age f fur years ld. Learning hw t lie is cnsidered as a key part f cgnitive(认知的) and scial develpment in children. But many parents are shcked when their children start lying t them. In their study, Dr Evans and her clleagues filmed 108 children aged between 8 and 16 as they perfrmed a test after being asked nt t lk at the answers. They were then asked afterwards if they had lked, with 50 truthfully denying lking, 49 lying abut lking and 9 admitting t lking.
Vides f thse denying lking were then shwn t 152 parents f children aged 8 t 16, 80 f whm had children wh had taken part in the test. The researchers fund that the parents were less able t spt lies tld by their wn children than by ther peple's children.
12. What des the underlined wrd “impair” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. shw.B. develp.
C. damage.D. recgnize.
13. When lying t their parents, children can't be easily fund because ________.
A. their parents pretend nt t see the liesB. their parents aren't prepared fr the lies
C. they are very gd at hiding their liesD. they knw hw t lie t their parents
14. What des Dr Evans want t find abut children's lying?
A. What makes parents lse trust in their children.
B. What causes children t tell lies t their parents.
C. What makes parents fail t see their children's lies.
D. What affects children's relatins with their parents.
15. What can be inferred frm Dr Evans's study in the last tw paragraphs?
A. Parents tend t prtect their wn children.
B. Lying is a part f children's develpment.
C. Children aged 8 t 16 are very likely t tell lies.
D. Parents can judge lies tld by children f thers mre easily.
第二部分 七选五 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There is a huge pwer in knwing hw t make adjustments in life. In fact, it’s pssible t turn failure int success by making the right adjustments. ___16___
Whatever yur statin in life, everyne will face what I call the 3Cs: changes, challenges and chices. The fllwing are sme simple but pwerful tips t help yu make effective life adjustments.
___17___
Mst peple see with their eyes but very few peple knw hw t bserve. The difference between seeing and bserving is like the difference between reading and studying. One factr in helping yu t listen better is t hear nt nly what peple say but als what they dn’t say. Reading bdy language and vice inflectin (音调变化) can help yu listen between the lines. All these play an effective rle in helping yu t think with yur eyes and ears.
Learn t g with the flw.
The peple wh learn t make the best life adjustments can develp the habit f ging with the flw. ___18___ Ntice peple wh can g with the flw and yu will find a persn with sharp instincts they depend n.
___19___
If yu can keep an attitude f preparatin fr 3Cs, yu’ll have the best chance f making effective life adjustments.
As the saying ges, if yu stay ready, yu d nt have t get ready. ___20___
A. Listen t what peple dn’t say.
B. S, what’s ne f the key factrs fr peple wh fail t make life adjustments?
C. Learn t think with yur eyes and ears.
D. The best way t d that is t trust yur instincts.
E. Be prepared fr changes, challenges and chices.
F. The key is in knwing where they are needed and hw much.
G. That’s the best advice fr anyne wh wants t make the best life adjustments and win!
第三部分 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短文后所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was a ht, damp summer day. After I ____21____ my tank in the lcal gas statin, I started t walk inside t pay. Just then I nticed tw elderly ____22____ standing back frm their car. There was a mixture f shck and ____23____ n their faces. I fllwed their ____24____ and saw what they saw: five yellw jackets were building a ____25____ arund their gas cap. My eyes ____26____. I shared the ladies' fear.
Yellw jackets had never been ____27____ t me. When I was a yung by, a friend f mine and I were ____28____ and playing in my backyard. I must have ____29____ n ne f their hidden nests while running .____30____, bth f us were being chased and stung ver and ver by the yellw jackets. We ran away ____31____ with great fear. My mm ____32____ ran a cld bath and put us bth in it t ease the pain and itching (瘙痒) ____33____ giving us medicine t fight all the pisn in ur little bdies frm the stings.
I knew I culdn't let fear stp me nw. I ____34____ my back pcket fr a paper twel I had there, tre ut the nest and stepped n it while the ____35____ wasps (黄蜂)buzzed arund me. ____36____ f the ladies thanked me excitedly. I smiled, and nervusness and fear were replaced with ____37____.
In this life, yu can't let the fear f being stung either physically r ____38____ keep yu frm ding what is right. We need t g ____39____ urselves and lve each ther. Dn't let the yellw jackets in yur life ____40____ yu back.
21. A. filledB. mvedC. chargedD. emptied
22. A. menB. wmenC. driversD. jackets
23. A. angerB. painC. sadnessD. fear
24. A. nseB. earsC. eyesD. muth
25. A. rmB. nestC. huseD. hall
26. A. widenedB. clsedC. penedD. lwed
27. A. lvelyB. likelyC. friendlyD. carefully
28. A. jumpingB. climbingC. walkingD. running
29. A. remvedB. steppedC. pacedD. searched
30. A. As a resultB. After allC. Abve allD. At the same time
31. A. discussingB. explringC. screamingD. laughing
32. A. nervuslyB. suddenlyC. casuallyD. immediately
33. A. afterB. whileC. befreD. until
34. A. reached intB. arrived inC. gt tD. pulled ut
35. A. happyB. angryC. sadD. wrried
36. A. NeitherB. BthC. AllD. Nne
37. A. painB. surpriseC. dubtD. jy
38. A. heartedlyB. intelligentlyC. emtinallyD. punctually
39. A. thrughB. backC. aheadD. beynd
40. A. hldB. setC. hangD. give
第II卷（非选择题 共50分）
第四部分 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Keeping a diary in English is ne f the ____41____ (effect) ways t imprve ur English writing ability. ____42____ (cmpare) with ther frms f writing, it is shrter and takes ____43____（little）time. It can help us t develp the habit f thinking in English. ____44____ we insist in this practice, gradually we’ll learn hw t express ____45____ (we) in English. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly cme acrss many ____46____ (difficult). In the first place, ____47____ ften happens that we have truble ____48____ (find) prper wrds and phrases t give expressin t ur mind. Secndly, there are many idimatic ways f saying things in Chinese.
As far as I’m ____49____ (cncern), my suggestin is that we shuld always have a ntebk and a Chinese-English dictinary within easy reach. We can als turn t ur English teacher fr help, if necessary. In shrt, I believe that it is f great use t keep a diary in English fr ____50____ develpment f ur writing skills.
第五部分 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。短文中有10处错误，每句最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧）,并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1、每处错误及修改均仅限一词。
2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I was n my way schl this afternn when I met with a yung American cuple. They lked wrrying, s I went up t them and asked if nly they'd like any help. They said that they wanted t g t the railway statin, but they didn't knw the way. Heard this, I ffered t lead them here. They were s thankful t me that they said "thank yu" again and again but I felt very prud f me. But when I arrived at the schl, I fund myself later fr class. I had t explain that had happened t my teacher. She said I have dne a gd deed and praised me.
第六部分 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，正在教你的英国朋友Lisa学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括：
（1）时间和地点；
（2）内容：学习唐诗（Tang petry）；
（3）课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Lisa,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
########################################################################################
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了四处假期极好的去处及各自特色。
1. 细节理解题。根据St. Lucia中plan t hike the Pitn Muntains r dive in the waters f Anse Chastanet.和Banff. Alberta中Frm hiking and whitewater rafting t skiing and snwbarding, Banff ffers travelers an abundance f year-rund utdr activities.可知在St. Lucia和Banff人们都可以徒步旅行，故选C.
2. 细节理解题。根据Machu Picchu中a visit t this Peruvian UNESCO Wrld Heritage (遗产) site is a nce-in-a-lifetime adventure.和Spend a few days accustming yurself t the altitude in the neighbring city f Cusc, where yu can experience a mix f Incan and Spanish cultures.可知历史学家们可知在这里参观联合国教科文组织世界遗产遗址，体验印加文化和西班牙文化的融合。故选A.
3. 推理判断题。根据Great Barrier Reef中large amunts f cral bleaching (褪色) caused by rising cean temperatures put this place’s cntinued existence at risk, s plan yur visit sn t see this awesme sight up clse.可知海洋温度升高造成大量珊瑚褪色，对大堡礁的存在造成了威胁。由此可推断如果温度继续升高，大堡礁可能会消失。故选D.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过一位老人买饼干而没钱付账的经历告诉我们可以把同情的愿望转化为行动。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He said he was ut f cash, had just mved int his rm, and had nthing in his cupbards. He asked if we culd let him have the fd n trust. He prmised t repay me the next day.”可知，结账时这个老人说自己没有钱了，问我他可不可以先把饼干拿走，第二天再把钱送来，故B项正确。
2. 推理判断题。根据第一段老人身上连买饼干的钱都没有及第二段中的“all alne in the wrld.”可知，他又穷又孤独，故C项正确。
3. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“but stre rules didn’t allw me t d s. I felt stupid and unkind saying this, but I valued my jb.”可知，商店的规定不允许先拿货后付钱，作者想保住这份工作所以不敢违反规定，故C项正确。
4. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Cmpassin（同情）is a desire within us t help thers. With effrt, we can translate cmpassin int actin.”可知，同情是我们内心帮助别人的愿望，通过努力，我们可以把它转化为行动，也就是说作者从这个经历中学到了同情意味着以某种方式帮助别人，故D项正确。
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. A
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了自5月1日起，北京开始实施强制垃圾分类，以更好地保护环境。文章介绍了这一政策的相关规定，说明了如今中国垃圾分类的现状和存在的一些问题，以及其他人对于中国垃圾分类的一些看法。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Peple wh fail t srt their garbage prperly can be fined frm 50 t 200 yuan, reprted Xinhua.”可知据新华社报道，没有对垃圾进行分类的人将被处以50元到200元的罚款。由此可知，那些不能按照北京新规则的要求进行垃圾分类的人将被罚款。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Hwever, garbage-srting is still a big prblem in China. Only 30 percent f participants said they think they are cmpletely srting their waste, the reprt nted. Accrding t Xinhua, it’s partly because many peple lack the willingness t srt their wn waste.”可知然而，垃圾分类在中国仍然是一个大问题。报告指出，只有30%的受访者表示，他们认为自己已经完全对垃圾进行了分类。据新华社报道，部分原因是许多人不愿意对自己的垃圾进行分类。由此可知，中国垃圾分类的问题是有些人嫌垃圾分类麻烦。故选B。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s a must t have a legal guarantee t prmte garbage srting,” Liu Jiangu, a prfessr frm Tsinghua University, tld China Daily, “Aside frm China, many cuntries like Germany, Spain and Britain, als ask peple t srt waste int specific categries. In Japan, there is a fixed time fr the srting f each kind f garbage and littering.”可知清华大学教授刘建国在接受《中国日报》采访时表示：“推广垃圾分类必须有法律保障。除中国外，德国、西班牙和英国等许多国家也要求人们对垃圾进行分类。在日本，垃圾分类的时间是固定的。”由此可推知，刘建国认为需要制定一些垃圾分类的法律。故选B。
4. 标题归纳题。根据第一段中“Since May 1, Beijing has started t carry ut mandatry garbage-srting in new effrts t better prtect the envirnment. Under the new regulatin, residents are required t classify husehld waste int fur categries: kitchen, recyclable, hazardus and ther waste. Peple wh fail t srt their garbage prperly can be fined frm 50 t 200 yuan, reprted Xinhua.”可知自5月1日起，北京开始实施强制垃圾分类，以更好地保护环境。根据新规定，居民需要将生活垃圾分为四类：厨房垃圾、可回收垃圾、有害垃圾和其他垃圾。据新华社报道，没有对垃圾进行分类的人将被处以50元到200元的罚款。结合文章主要说明了自5月1日起，北京开始实施强制垃圾分类，以更好地保护环境。文章介绍了这一政策的相关规定，说明了如今中国垃圾分类的现状和存在的一些问题，以及其他人对于中国垃圾分类的一些看法。由此可知，A选项“垃圾分类，中国的新起点”最符合文章标题。故选A。
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述父母对孩子的诚实过于自信，和自己孩子的亲密关系而无法察觉孩子的谎言，所以当发现孩子说谎时感到震惊，并对此原因进行了研究和说明。
1. 词义猜测题。根据第一段“But new research has suggested many parents may nt even ntice many f the lies their children tell them.（但新的研究表明，许多父母甚至可能没有注意到他们的孩子对他们说的许多谎言）”以及这个单词的上半句“Psychlgists have discvered that mst parents are ver-cnfident in their children's hnesty（心理学家发现，大多数父母对孩子的诚实过于自信）”由此可知父母可能会忽视自己的孩子说谎，由此推断“this may impair their ability t discver a lie.”意为这可能会破坏或者削弱父母发现孩子说谎的能力，故猜测impair意为“削弱，破坏”，A. shw展示；B. develp开发；C. damage损坏；D. recgnize认出，故选C。
2. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Psychlgists have discvered that mst parents are ver-cnfident in their children's hnesty and this may impair their ability t discver a lie. The findings may help t explain why sme parents seem t be willing t let their children get away with(未受惩罚) almst anything even in the face f the evidence.（心理学家发现，大多数父母对孩子的诚实过于自信，这可能会削弱他们发现谎言的能力。这些发现可能有助于解释为什么一些父母似乎愿意让他们的孩子侥幸逃脱，即使面对证据。）”和第四段“The clse relatinship that parents share with their wn children may lead t parents failing t detect their children's lies. （父母与孩子之间的亲密关系可能会导致父母无法察觉孩子的谎言）”等内容可知父母对孩子过于自信，不愿意接受孩子说谎的事实，父母和孩子关系亲密，一般无法察觉孩子的谎言，即他们对孩子说谎的事实没有做好心理准备。故选B。
3. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Dr Angela Evans, a psychlgist at Brck University in Canada, said, “The clse relatinship that parents share with their wn children may lead t parents failing t detect their children's lies. Parents' truth bias may result in parents being less dubtful abut their children, allwing them t successfully cheat them.”（加拿大布鲁克大学的心理学家安吉拉·埃文斯博士说：“父母与孩子之间的亲密关系可能会导致父母无法察觉孩子的谎言。父母的真相偏见可能会导致父母减少对孩子的怀疑，从而让他们成功地欺骗孩子。”）”可知，他想要发现父母不能成功识别孩子谎言的原因，故选C。
4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Vides f thse denying lking were then shwn t 152 parents f children aged 8 t 16, 80 f whm had children wh had taken part in the test. The researchers fund that the parents were less able t spt lies tld by their wn children than by ther peple's children.（随后，研究人员将那些否认自己偷看的孩子的视频展示给152名8岁至16岁孩子的父母看，其中的80人的孩子也参加了测试。研究人员发现，父母辨别自己孩子的谎言的能力不如辨别别人孩子的谎言的能力）”可推断，父母判断别人的孩子说谎比判断自己孩子说谎更容易，故选D。
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. D 19. E 20. G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，每个人在生活中会面对3Cs（变化、挑战和选择），对于它们，文章给出了一些简单有效的建议帮助读者做出有效的生活调整，从而变得成功。
1. 由上一句“事实上，通过正确的调整，有可能把失败变成成功。”可知，承接上文，F选项“关键是要知道哪里需要它们，需要多少。”切题。该选项中的they对应上文中的the right adjustments。故选F项。
2. 此空是小标题，应从ACE三项中做出选择。由下文的“大多数人用眼睛看，但很少有人知道如何观察。看和观察的区别就像阅读和学习的区别。帮助你更好地倾听的一个因素是不仅要听别人说什么，还要听别人没说什么。”可知，承接下文，C选项“学会用眼睛和耳朵思考。”切题。该选项中的eyes and ears对应下文中的bserve和hear。故选C项。
3. 由空前一句“学会调整生活的人可以养成随波逐流的习惯。”和空后一句“学注意那些能随波逐流的人，你会发现一个依赖敏锐直觉的人。”可知，承接上下文，D选项“最好的办法就是相信你的直觉。”切题。该选项中的instincts对应下文中的sharp instincts。故选D项。
4. 此空是小标题，应从ACE三项中做出选择。由下文中的“如果你能保持一种为3Cs做准备的态度，你将有最好的机会做出有效的生活调整。”可知，承接下文，E选项“为变化、挑战和选择做好准备。”切题。该选项中的Be prepared fr changes, challenges and chices对应下文中的preparatin fr 3Cs。故选E项。
5. 由上一句“俗话说，如果你准备好了，就不需要准备。”可知，承接上文，G选项“对于那些想作出最好的生活调整并取得胜利的人来说，这是最好的建议！”切题。故选G项。
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. D 40. A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个炎热潮湿的夏日，作者尽管怕黄蜂，但还是勇敢地帮人捣掉蜂巢的故事。作者通过这个故事告诉我们，我们要克服恐惧，超越自我。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在当地的加油站加满油后，我开始走进去付钱。A. filled装满；B. mved移动；C. charged控诉，收费；D. emptied清空。根据后文“I started t walk inside t pay.”可知，作者应该是加满油后去付款。故选A。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我注意到两个老妇人站在车后。A. men男人；B. wmen女人；C. drivers司机；D. jackets夹克衫。根据后文“I shared the ladies' fear.”可知，此处指两个老妇人站在车后。故选B。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的脸上流露出震惊和恐惧。A. anger生气；B. pain痛苦；C. sadness悲伤；D. fear恐惧。根据后文“I shared the ladies' fear.”可知，这两个老妇人感到恐惧。故选D。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我顺着他们的眼睛看去，看到了他们看到的东西:五只黄蜂正在他们的气帽周围筑巢。A. nse鼻子；B. ears耳朵；C. eyes眼睛；D. muth嘴巴。根据后文“saw what they saw”可知，此处需用动词see，表示作者顺着他们的眼睛看去。故选C。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. rm房间；B. nest巢穴；C. huse房屋；D. hall大厅。根据后文倒数第二段“tre ut the nest and stepped n it”可知，此处指黄蜂在筑巢。故选B。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的眼睛睁得很大。A. widened(眼睛)睁大；B. clsed关闭；C. pened打开；D. lwed降低。根据后文“I shared the ladies' fear.”可知，因为恐惧，作者眼睛睁得很大。故选A。
7. 考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意：黄蜂对我从来都不友好。A. lvely可爱的；B. likely可能的；C. friendly友好的；D. carefully小心地。根据后文“bth f us were being chased and stung ver and ver by the yellw jackets.”可知，因为作者和朋友被黄蜂叮咬过，所以此处需用形容词friendly，表示黄蜂对我从来都不友好。故选C。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，我和一个朋友在我的后院跑步玩耍。A. jumping跳跃；B. climbing爬；C. walking行走；D. running奔跑。根据后文“while running.”可知，作者和朋友在后院奔跑玩耍。故选D。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一定是在跑的时候踩到了他们的一个隐蔽巢穴。A. remved移走；B. stepped踩踏；C. paced踱步；D. searched寻找。根据后文“bth f us were being chased and stung ver and ver by the yellw jackets.”可知，因为作者和朋友被黄蜂叮咬了，由此可推知此处指作者在跑步时踩到了蜂巢。故选B。
10. 考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：结果，我们俩都被黄蜂一次又一次地追赶和叮咬。A. As a result结果；B. After all毕竟；C. Abve all尤其重要的是；D. At the same time同时；前文说作者踩到了黄蜂的蜂巢，后文说作者被黄蜂叮咬，空后表示结果，需用as a result。故选A。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们吓得尖叫着跑开了。A. discussing讨论；B. explring探索；C. screaming尖叫；D. laughing大笑。前文说作者和朋友被黄蜂追赶叮咬，所以空处需用screaming，表示作者和朋友吓得尖叫着跑开了。故选C。
12. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：妈妈马上给我们洗了个冷水澡，让我们俩都泡在里面来缓解疼痛和瘙痒，然后给我们开了一些药来对抗我们小身体里的所有毒素。A. nervusly紧张地；B. suddenly突然地；C. casually随意地；D. immediately立刻。因为作者和朋友被黄蜂叮咬了，所以此处需用副词immediately，表示妈妈马上给作者和朋友洗了个冷水澡。故选D。
13. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. after在……之后；B. while当……时候；C. befre在……之前；D. until直到。根据常识可知，应该在用药前洗澡，所以此处需用连词befre。故选C。
14. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我从后面的口袋里掏出纸巾，扯出蜂巢，踩在上面，愤怒的黄蜂在我周围嗡嗡作响。A. reached int伸进；B. arrived in到达；C. gt t到达；D. pulled ut退出。根据后文“my back pcket fr a paper twel I had there”可知，此处指作者伸手去口袋拿纸巾。故选A。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. happy开心的；B. angry生气的；C. sad悲伤的；D. wrried着急的。根据前文“tre ut the nest and stepped n it”可知，因为作者扯出蜂巢，踩在上面，所以黄蜂愤怒。故选B。
16. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：两位女士都兴奋地向我道谢。A. Neither两者都不；B. Bth两者都；C. All全部(三者以及以上)；D. Nne都不(三者以及以上)。根据前文“Just then I nticed tw elderly _____ standing back frm their car.”可知，此处有两位女士，所以排除选项C和D，再结合前文描述可知，因为作者帮忙弄走了蜂巢，所以这两位女士都很兴奋。故选B。
17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我笑了，紧张和恐惧被喜悦所取代。A. pain痛苦；B. surprise惊讶；C. dubt怀疑；D. jy开心。根据前文“I smiled”可知，因为作者笑了，由此可知，作者感到开心而不是恐惧和紧张。故选D。
18. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这一生中，你不能让身体上或情感上的恐惧阻碍你做正确的事。A. heartedly铭记在心地；B. intelligently聪明地；C. emtinally情感上地；D. punctually准时地。由空前副词“physically”可知，空处需用副词emtinally与之对应。故选C。
19. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们需要超越自我，彼此相爱。A. thrugh通过；B. back向后；C. ahead向前；D. beynd超过。根据作者前文克服恐惧帮助两位老妇人弄走马蜂窝和空后“and lve each ther.”可知，此处指超越自己，彼此相爱。故选D。
20. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要让生活中的“黄蜂”阻碍你前进。A. hld容纳，扣留；B. set设置；C. hang悬挂；D. give给。根据前文一句描述可知，作者建议我们要超越自我，所以此处指我们不能让生活中的“黄蜂”阻碍前进；hld back阻碍，固定短语，符合题意。故选A。
【答案】41. effective
42. Cmpared
43. less 44. If
45. urselves
46. difficulties
47. it 48. finding
49. cncerned
50. the
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述用英语写日记的好处。
1. 考查形容词。句意：用英语记日记是提高我们写作能力的有效方法之一。根据句意可知，提示词effect在句中作定语，修饰名词ways，应用形容词effective，意为“有效的”。故填effective。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他形式的写作相比，日记更短，花费的时间更少。分析句子可知，提示词cmpare在句中作状语，与其逻辑主语it之间是被动关系，应使用过去分词形式，表被动，另外，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Cmpared。
3. 考查形容词比较级。句意：与其他形式的写作相比，日记更短，花费的时间更少。结合句意，分析句子可知，提示词little与比较级形容词shrter是并列关系，也应使用比较级，又因time是不可数名词，所以应用形容词little的比较级less，修饰不可数名词。故填less。
4. 考查从属连词。句意：如果我们坚持这种做法，渐渐就学会怎样用英语表达自己。根据句意可知，“we insist in this practice”是“gradually we’ll learn hw t express _____ (we) in English.”的条件，因此用if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”，另外，句首单词首字母要大写。故填If。
5. 考查反身代词。句意：如果坚持这种做法，我们渐渐就学会如何用英语表达自己。反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词具有互指关系，通常当主语与宾语是同一人或物时才使用反身代词。根据句意“我们学会如何表达自己”可知，此处主语we发出的动作施加在自己身上，应使用反身代词urselves。故填urselves。
6. 考查名词的数。句意：在用英语记日记的过程中，我们肯定遇到许多困难。形容词many修饰复数名词，应用提示词difficult的名词difficulty的复数形式difficulties。故填difficulties。
7. 考查形式主语。句意：首先，我们常常很难找到合适的词语来表达我们的思想。“It happens that...”是固定句型，意为“碰巧……”，其中it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语；分析句子可知，句中“that we have truble ______(find) prper wrds and phrases t give expressin t ur mind.”是真正的主语，因此句首使用形式主语it。故填it。
8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，我们常常很难找到合适的词语来表达我们的思想。have truble (in) ding...为固定搭配，表示“做……有困难”，用动名词finding作宾语。故填finding。
9. 考查固定短语。句意：就我而言，我的建议是我们应该随时准备一本笔记本和一本汉英词典。as far as I am cncerned是固定短语，表示“就我而言”。故填cncerned。
10. 考查冠词。句意：总之，我相信用英语写日记对提高我们的写作能力是很有用的。根据句意可知，句中特指写作技巧的培养，应使用定冠词the。故填the。
【答案】1. 在schl前面加t 2. wrrying→wrried 3. 去掉nly 4. Heard→Hearing 5. here→there 6. but→and 7. me→myself 8. later→late 9. that→what 10. have→had
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在上学途中帮助寻路的美国夫妇并得到老师的表扬的事情。
1. 考查介词。句意：今天下午我在上学的路上遇到一对年轻的美国夫妇。n ne's way t...为固定短语，表示“在去某地的路上”。故在schl前面加t。
2. 考查形容词。句意：他们看起来很担心，所以我走过去问他们是否需要帮助。-ing形容词常修饰限定事或物，表示“令人……的”，-ed形容词常修饰限定人，表示“感到……的”；根据句意可知，他们看起来很担心，所以应使用-ed形容词wrried，表示“感到担心的”。故将wrrying改为wrried。
3. 考查连词。句意：他们看起来很担心，所以我走过去问他们是否需要帮助。if nly...是固定句型，表示“要是……多好啊”，连词if引导名词性从句，表示“是否”；结合句意，分析句子可知，此句是宾语从句，表示“是否”应用连词if引导该从句。故删去nly。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：听到这些，我提出带他们去那里。结合句意，分析句子可知，“Heard this”在句中作状语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，且与主句动词ffered同时发生，所以应使用现在分词，表示主动和正在进行。故将Heard改为Hearing。
5. 考查副词。句意：听到这些，我提出带他们去那里。根据句意可知，这对美国夫妇要去火车站，所以我要带他们去“那里(there)”。故将here改为there。
6. 考查连词。句意：他们是如此感谢我，他们一遍又一遍地说“谢谢你”，我感到非常自豪。根据句意可知，“they said ‘thank yu’ again and again”和“I felt very prud f myself”之间不是转折关系，而是顺承关系。故将but改为and。
7. 考查反身代词。句意：他们是如此感谢我，他们一遍又一遍地说“谢谢你”，我感到非常自豪。反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词具有互指关系，通常当宾语与主语是同一人或物时使用反身代词。根据句意可知，我为自己感到自豪，此处主语I发出的动作施加在自己身上，应使用反身代词myself。故将me改为myself。
8. 考查形容词。句意：但是当我到达学校时，我发现自己上课迟到了。形容词later表示“后来的”，late表示“迟的，晚的”；根据句意可知，我发现我迟到了，应用形容词late。故将later改为late。
9. 考查名词性从句。句意：我不得不向老师解释发生了什么事。析句子可知，此处引导宾语从句，引导词在句中作主语，表示“发生的事情”，应用what引导该从句。故将that改为what。
10. 考查动词时态。句意：她说我做了一件好事，并表扬了我。根据句意可知，宾语从句的动作发生在“She said”之前，应用过去完成时态had dne。故将have改为had。
【答案】
Dear Lisa,
Hw are yu? Glad t see yu have made sme prgress in Chinese learning and I'm writing t tell yu smething abut ur next lessn.
The lessn will be given frm 3 pm t 5 pm n the afternn f next Tuesday in the classrm 502. In the class, yu will mainly learn Tang petry, which reflects traditinal Chinese culture and is deeply lved by Chinese. Yu can feel the beauty f Chinese by learning Tang Petry. Yu'd better make full preparatins befre class and have a brief understanding f the histry f Tang Dynasty, which makes it easy fr yu t g thrugh the class.
If there is anything that I can help yu, please dn't hesitate t tell me. Lking frward t meeting yu.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给朋友写信，告知朋友下次汉语课的课程计划。
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般将来时
结构：总分
要求：
1. 表明写信目的
2.下次汉语课程计划
（1）时间和地点；
（2）内容：学习唐诗（Tang petry）；
（3）课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
Be glad t d sth/ tell sb sth/ make preparatin fr/ leave a deeply impressin n/ be aware f/ learn abut/ g thrugh…
第三步：连词成句
Glad t see yu have made sme prgress in Chinese learning and I'm writing t tell yu smething abut ur next lessn.
The lessn will be given frm 3 pm t 5 pm n the afternn f next Tuesday in the classrm 502.
In the class, yu will mainly learn Tang petry, which reflects traditinal Chinese culture and is deeply lved by Chinese.
Yu can feel the beauty f Chinese by learning Tang Petry.
Yu'd better make full preparatins befre class and have a brief understanding f the histry f Tang Dynasty, which makes it easy fr yu t g thrugh the class.
If there is anything that I can help yu, please dn't hesitate t tell me.
第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）
表示并列的连词：and/but/r/s…
状语从句连词：because/ if/ thugh/ althugh…
定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where…
第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：In the class, yu will mainly learn Tang petry, which reflects traditinal Chinese culture and is deeply lved by Chinese.句中which引导非限定性定语从句；If there is anything that I can help yu, please dn't hesitate t tell me.句中if引导条件状语从句，that引导定语从句。文章虽然短小，但长句较多，展示了作者的语言运用能力。