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河南省南阳市2021-2022学年高二下学期6月份六校期末联考英语试题含答案
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这是一份河南省南阳市2021-2022学年高二下学期6月份六校期末联考英语试题含答案，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，语法填空，短文改错，开放性作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
河南省南阳市2021-2022学年高二下学期6月份六校期末联考英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
The Best Summer Camps in the Country
Camp Vega
AGES: 7 to 15
DURATION: 7 weeks
Activities: swimming, fishing, sailing, and diving.
Founded in 1936, Camp Vega is an all-girls camp named after the brightest star in the summer sky, with the motto “the most exciting thing a girl will find at Vega is herself”. Campers wear uniforms and participate in a weekly “Sunset Circle” friendship-building campfire.
Camp Androscoggin
AGES: 8 to 15
DURATION: 7 weeks
Activities: tennis, golf, soccer, baseball, outdoor basketball and wall climbing, a radio station, and photographing.
Founded in 1907 by a former President of the American Camping Association, Camp Androscoggin is an all-boys camp operating on two key principles: introduction to every activity to build confidence, and eventually a personalized schedule to progress and develop desired skills. Each boy is accompanied by a Big Brother before the camp begins, hoping to develop a sense of companionship that shows the “Andro spirit”.
Brown Ledge Camp
AGES: 10 to 18
DURATION: 8 weeks
Activities: horse riding, tennis, archery, diving, and wakeboarding.
Celebrating its 90 years of foundation this year, the all-girls, uniform-free Brown Ledge Camp is known for its “freedom of choice” philosophy designed to develop independence — campers decide themselves what they’ll do with their time, and girls live in small houses without a worker.
Brant Lake Camp
AGES: 7 to 15
DURATION: 7 weeks
Activities: tennis, baseball, soccer, basketball, volleyball, wall climbing, and archery.
Covering four generations and 100 years of private ownership, Brant Lake Camp in the Adirondacks runs three mini-camps for boys, with separate facilities for different age groups. Activities, instruction, and even fields and courts are suitable for age, with the program changing as boys get older and each mini-camp operating under their own philosophy.
1.What does Camp Vega mainly provide?
A.Horse riding. B.Water sports. C.Indoor activities. D.Cultural instruction.
2.Which camp was built the earliest?
A.Camp Vega.
B.Camp Androscoggin.
C.Brown Ledge Camp.
D.Brant Lake Camp.
3.What do Camp Androscoggin and Brant Lake Camp have in common?
A.They are intended for boys.
B.They both lie on the bank of a lake.
C.They both offer an 8-week -long program.
D.They are specially designed for children aged 8 to 15.
A five-year-old dog named Millie is helping to keep the streets of Hereford, England, clean with her 80-year-old owner Alfie Kitson. Kitson only has to point at a bit of rubbish on the floor and say, “Put that in the bin,” and Millie will do what he bids.
Millie was just eight months old when she was found abandoned in a rubbish bag tied to a tree branch in Spain, where Kitson and his family lived for 20 years. After giving her a new home, Kitson later spotted a soldier and his dog doing the trick in a park and set about trying to get Millie to do the same.
He began putting a box, of similar size to a public bin, in their Spanish garden, and bit by bit, he raised its height as she understood to drop things in the box. And luckily, the bins in Hereford were just the right size for Millie to showcase her talent when she moved to Britain with Kitson and his wife.
“Obviously, environmental concerns are a hot topic at the moment, so if we can help clear up rubbish and plastic off the street, then we’re doing our bit to help,” Kitson said. “We rescued her because our house felt empty without an animal. Dogs and cats are a big part of the life of anyone who loves animals. She is the family, and we are glad we can show her off to neighbors as she is really an amazing dog.”
Hereford office worker Samuel Tiler regularly spots Millie working her magic in the city center.
“The first time I saw her do it, I thought I might be going mad. I thought, ‘Is that really a dog tidying up people’s litter?’” he said of the dog. “I just wish people could be more thoughtful as it shouldn’t take a dog to clear up after them,” Tiler added. “If you’ve got a dog taking responsibility for the environment — surely we can do the same.”
4.What does the underlined word “bids” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A.Commands. B.Promises. C.Misses. D.Witnesses.
5.When did Kitson begin to teach Millie the trick?
A.Before he bought his new home in Spain.
B.When Millie was less than eight months old.
C.After he saw a man training his dog.
D.After he moved to his new home in Britain.
6.Why did Kitson take Millie home?
A.To show off to his neighbors.
B.To guard his house.
C.To accompany him and his wife.
D.To clean up the rubbish in the park.
7.What can we learn from Tiler’s words?
A.Dogs are really friendly to humans.
B.Humans have to pay the price for their mistakes.
C.More dogs should be trained to help keep the environment tidy.
D.Humans should do their part in keeping the environment clean.
Skiing has been around since early civilization, evidenced by a 5,000-year-old rock carving representing men on skis hunting deer in Norway, and the discovery of a ski dating back to 6000 B.C. found in Russia. Historians debate where skiing first got its start, though; some argue that it was in Altay, China, in 8000 B.C.
Modern skiing, however, can date back to the Scandinavians, who mainly used skis as a means of travel or for other practical purposes, particularly the Indigenous Sámi people in Norway, Finland, and Sweden, writes Raymond Flower in The History of Skiing and Other Winter Sports. Norse myths (挪威神话) even described Ull, a winter god, on skis with curved tips and included other stories of heroes and goddesses skiing down mountains.
Some of the first official competitions began around 1850 in Norway, with the first recorded race in Sweden held outside Stockholm in 1879. Skiing became a household word with the publication of the popular book offering a thrilling account of Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen’s difficult and historic journey on skis across Greenland in 1888.
The sport spread to the Swiss Alps, where it was enjoyed largely by British vacationers, before clubs popped up around the world in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Variations of the sport developed over the years, such as the slalom race (障碍滑雪), downhill jumping, and mountaineering. The British are largely credited with transforming skiing from its Scandinavian roots into the highly competitive sport it is now. In 1921, they developed rules that became widely accepted and adjusted the slalom race to include flag gates to test the skill of skiers’ turns.
Skiing then exploded in popularity after World War II, when ski resorts (胜地) gradually developed to receive single-day skiers as well as those taking longer vacations.
8.What can we learn about Raymond Flower?
A.He wrote about skiing. B.He invented skiing.
C.He recorded Norse myths. D.He was good at rock carving.
9.Why did skiing become a well-known word in the late 1800’s?
A.Some official competitions were held.
B.The British spread it all over the world.
C.It was written in the textbook on history.
D.An adventure book about skiing came out.
10.Who contributed most in changing skiing to a more competitive sport?
A.The Swiss. B.The British. C.The Norse. D.The Finn.
11.What can be the best title for the text?
A.How Did Skiing Develop in Norway?
B.Why Did People Kill Time by Skiing?
C.What Are Skiing Adventures All About?
D.What Are the Ancient Origins of Skiing?
After you finish your fries, eat the package. When you add your noodles to boiling water, throw the bag into the pot, too. If these instructions sound confusing to you, it’s only because you haven’t yet heard of Notpla, a London-based start-up company that is designing a seaweed-based replacement for single-use plastic packaging.
The approach feels especially great as the world is coming to terms with the effects of decades of plastic production. According to the UN, 330 million tons of plastic waste is produced globally each year, and out of the 9 billion tons of plastic produced since the early 1950s, about 60% has been buried or thrown away as rubbish. Microplastics — tiny pieces that are often the result of larger plastics breaking down — pollute the ocean, the air and our bodies.
“It’s getting more and more clear how big the plastic problem is,” Notpla design director Karlijn Sibbel said. “Producers are ‘using materials that last for thousands of years for products that are only in use for a few minutes’. We firstly looked to seaweed as the solution to the world’s plastic problem because there is plenty of it, it grows quickly, it doesn’t compete with land crops, and it absorbs carbon from the air,” added Sibbel.
“The exciting thing is that the new product named Ooho is a film that can replace most of the flexible packaging that you see around,” Sibbel said. The potential contents could include coffee grounds, toilet paper or the nails used for making furniture. For foods, such as noodles, they have even experimented with adding more taste to the packaging, so that dissolving the bag could add seasoning to the pot.
Last year, Notpla tested 30,000 takeaway boxes in partnership with the online food ordering service Just Eat. The two companies handed out the takeaway boxes at different UK restaurants and plans are being made to offer the boxes around Europe in 2022. As they expand, Notpla’s team hopes seaweed could replace single-use plastic in the supply chain more broadly, but with a large quantity of plastics used around the world, she understands how difficult such a task is, Sibbel said.
12.How does the author introduce the topic of the passage?
A.By comparing facts. B.By giving examples.
C.By raising questions. D.By analyzing data.
13.How much plastic has become rubbish since the early 1950s?
A.About 198 million tons. B.About 5.4 billion tons.
C.About 330 million tons. D.About 9 billion tons.
14.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A.The potential use of the new product.
B.The new application of plastic bags.
C.The motivation for the new study.
D.The next goal of the new research.
15.What does Sibbel think of their task to replace single-use plastic in the supply chain?
A.It is helpless. B.It is impractical.
C.It is challenging. D.It is a short-term project.
二、七选五
Auditory (听觉的) learning is one of the main learning styles created by the VAK model (学习风格模型) of learning. In fact, auditory learners get information best when it is presented through sound and speech. ___16___, but they may have trouble reading silently or staying focused in a completely quiet classroom. If you are an auditory learner, try these ways to improve your learning experience.
Record class lectures. ___17___. During class, focus your brainpower on listening closely to the lecture. You’ll process the information much better this way than if you try to write quickly down every word the teacher says. Later, you can listen back to the recording and take notes of the most important information.
Sit in the front of the room. ___18___.
Participate in class discussions as much as possible. Talking about your ideas and voicing your questions will increase your understanding of the material. Encourage other students when they speak so that others feel just as comfortable as you do speaking in front of a group.
___19___. This technique will help you focus your attention on the auditory process, rather than any other visual stimulus (刺激) that might be in front of you.
Read assignments out loud. ___20___, if you’re given a homework assignment that involves reading a lengthy chapter. Instead, go to your room or another study space and read aloud to yourself.
A.Repeat facts with your eyes closed
B.You don’t need to write down everything word for word
C.Don’t feel like you’re trapped into a silent reading period
D.But it should make sense to you to be a helpful study aid
E.Find a spot in the front row so that you can hear every word of the lecture.
F.Ask your instructor’s permission to create audio recordings of class lectures
G.Those with an auditory learning style like to speak and hear others speak to learn
三、完形填空
Every Saturday morning, I’d awaken to the smell of garlic and pepper. I would go into the kitchen to find my grandma sitting over a large silver bowl, ___21___ the fresh cabbages with garlic, salt, and red pepper. That was how the tasty Korean dish, kimchi (泡菜), was ___22___ every weekend at my home.
Our dinner table was always ___23___ by my grandma’s specialty as kimchi filled every ___24___. And the delicious smell of garlic would never leave our home. ___25___, the delicious food was defenseless against the ___26___ of Alzheimer (阿尔茨海默病) she was suffering from. Within a year of discovering the disease, she lived with us like a total ___27___. She would look at me and ask, “Who are you?” The ceremony-like rigor (严格) of Saturday mornings came to a ___28___ and during dinner, the ___29___ taste of factory-made kimchi only highlighted the ____30____ of the family tradition.
One day, my mom ____31____ some fresh cabbages and red pepper home. She began to make kimchi. The ____32____ smell excited my nose. ____33____ and slowly, my grandma stood up from the couch, and as if ____34____ by the smell, sat by the silver bowl and dug her ____35____ into the seasoned cabbages. Though her hands no longer ____36____ the swiftness and accuracy they once did, her face presented the aged rigor of a ____37____. That night, we ate not-so-perfect kimchi. I still remember my grandma picked up a piece and said, “Here, Dong Jin. ____38____ it, my boy.” That moment of ____39____ thinking seemed short-lived. My grandma used to say,“Tigers leave furs when they die; humans leave their names.” What she left was the smell of garlic that ____40____ around my house.
21.A.selling B.mixing C.comparing D.chewing
22.A.invented B.fried C.born D.broken
23.A.rescued B.discovered C.destroyed D.occupied
24.A.chair B.drawer C.plate D.parcel
25.A.However B.Therefore C.Besides D.Meanwhile
26.A.flash B.harm C.loss D.test
27.A.model B.surprise C.failure D.stranger
28.A.pause B.trade C.point D.decision
29.A.reliable B.artificial C.sweet D.personal
30.A.admission B.target C.absence D.advance
31.A.posted B.brought C.buried D.grew
32.A.familiar B.terrible C.obvious D.different
33.A.Impatiently B.Thankfully C.Cautiously D.Skeptically
34.A.bothered B.reminded C.supported D.attracted
35.A.mouth B.feet C.hands D.nose
36.A.showed B.withdrew C.desired D.affected
37.A.competitor B.leader C.professional D.trainer
38.A.Keep B.Try C.Ignore D.Beat
39.A.clear B.slow C.fresh D.popular
40.A.took off B.fell apart C.checked out D.hung up
四、语法填空
The first science class from the country’s space station on Thursday afternoon, ___41___ was livestreamed(网络直播) by China’s Shenzhou-13 crew(机组人员) members — Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, surprised numerous students on the Earth.
At the beginning of the class, Wang, the first female astronaut in China to enter China’s space station, gave the students a tour of ___42___( they) living and working areas at the space station’s Tianhe, with the ___43___(assist) of her two male crewmates.
After the tour, they showed several scientific experiments under zero-gravity conditions. First, Ye performed experiments related to cell growth in the weightless environment in space with a short video. They observed the relationship between the growth ___44___ the shape of cells in zero gravity ___45___(study) changing rules. Ye introduced to the students pictures of myocardial (心肌的) cells observed under a fluorescence (荧光) microscope. “They look ___46___(amaze) in space, as if they are beating,” he said, explaining that the beating and gleaming (闪烁) occurred as the living cells had a bioelectrical reaction. Ye and Wang then showed and explained ___47___ astronauts cannot walk in space like they did on the Earth and how they turn around in zero gravity.
This is the second space class ___48___(give) by taikonauts. In June 2013, Wang, assisted by ___49___ other two crew members on the Shenzhou-10 spacecraft, ____50____(deliver) the country’s first live space class to over 60 million teachers and schoolchildren across China.
五、短文改错
When I was about ten year old, my grandfather, a retired teacher, suffer from a serious disease. Although the treatment process was stressful, but he managed to make a quick recovery thanks the nurses. While visit him in the hospital, I was inspired by the nurses’ ability to make him feel comfortable and give immediately care when needed. I’ve made up his mind to be a nurse to help people who is in need. As the result, I am making every effort to realize my dream. I know the harder I work, the easy it will be for me to succeed.
六、开放性作文
你校英语报Life栏目正在征稿，请你以“Plans for This Summer Vacation”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.暑假的意义；
2.你的计划。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Plans for This Summer Vacation
___________________________________________________________________________
#######################################
【答案】1-3 BBA
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个夏令营的情况。
1.细节理解题。根据Camp Vega部分中“Activities: swimming, fishing, sailing, and diving.（活动：游泳、钓鱼、帆船和跳水。）”可知，Camp Vega主要提供水上运动。故选B。
2.数字计算题。 根据文章内容可知Camp Vega建立于1936年；Camp Androscoggin建立于1907；Brown Ledge Camp有90年历史；Brant Lake Camp有100年历史。可知，Camp Androscoggin建得最早。故选B。
3.细节理解题。 根据Camp Androscoggin部分中“Founded in 1907 by a former President of the American Camping Association, Camp Androscoggin is an all-boys camp operating on two key principles: introduction to every activity to build confidence, and eventually a personalized schedule to progress and develop desired skills.（1907年，由美国露营协会的前任主席创立的安德罗斯科金夏令营是一个全男孩夏令营，遵循两个关键原则：介绍每一项活动来建立信心，并最终制定一个个性化的时间表来推动和发展所需的技能）”以及Brant Lake Camp部分中“Covering four generations and 100 years of private ownership, Brant Lake Camp in the Adirondacks runs three mini-camps for boys, with separate facilities for different age groups.（位于阿迪朗达克的布兰特湖夏令营经历了4代，私人拥有时间长达100年，为男孩们开设了3个小型夏令营， 针对不同年龄段的孩子们提供不同的设施）”可知，Camp Androscoggin和Brant Lake Camp的共同之处是它们是为男孩设计的。故选A。
【答案】4-7 ACCD
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。 文章主要讲述了一对夫妻收留了一只被遗弃的狗，并训练它帮助捡起垃圾投进垃圾桶里。起初，他们收养它是为了这只狗能够使空荡荡的家活泼起来，却最终被发掘了“环境保护”的天赋。
1.词义猜测题。 分析划线单词句可知，句中的“and”表达并列顺承关系，由此可推知，“what he bids”应是指代前文提及的Kiston的话“Put that in the bin（把它扔进垃圾桶）”这个命令话语。由此可推知，“bids”应是“指令；命令”的意思。故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“After giving her a new home, Kitson later spotted a soldier and his dog doing the trick in a park and set about trying to get Millie to do the same.（在给Millie一个新家后，Kitson后来发现一个士兵和他的狗在公园里玩这个把戏，于是开始试图让Millie也这么做）”可知，在看到一个士兵用这种方法训练狗之后，Kitson也开始用这种方法训练Millie。故选C项。
3.推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“We rescued her because our house felt empty without an animal.（我们救了“她”，因为没有动物，我们的房子感觉空荡荡的）”可知，Kitson带Millie回家是因为家里有了动物的话，就不会空荡荡的了。由此可推知，他带Millie回家应是因为动物可以陪伴自己和家人。故选C项。
4.推理判断题。根据文章末尾段落Tiler的话“ ‘I just wish people could be more thoughtful as it shouldn’t take a dog to clear up after them,’ Tiler added. ‘If you’ve got a dog taking responsibility for the environment — surely we can do the same.’（“我只是希望人们能更体贴一些，因为不应该让一只狗来清理它们，”Tiler补充道。“如果你让一只狗承担起保护环境的责任，我们肯定也能做到。”）”可知，在Tiler看来，人类的垃圾不应该是狗来清理，如果狗都能保护环境，那么人类更应该自己承担起保护环境的责任。故选D项。
【答案】8-11 ADBD
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了滑雪这项运动的起源及其发展历程。
1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Modern skiing, however, can date back to the Scandinavians, who mainly used skis as a means of travel or for other practical purposes, particularly the Indigenous Sámi people in Norway, Finland, and Sweden, writes Raymond Flower in The History of Skiing and Other Winter Sports.（然而，雷蒙德·弗劳尔在《滑雪和其他冬季运动史》中写道，现代滑雪可以追溯到斯堪的纳维亚人，他们主要将滑雪板作为旅行工具或其他实用目的，尤其是挪威、芬兰和瑞典的土著萨米人）”可知，雷蒙德·弗劳尔写了一篇关于滑雪的书。故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段“Skiing became a household word with the publication of the popular book offering a thrilling account of Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen’s difficult and historic journey on skis across Greenland in 1888.（随着一本畅销书的出版，滑雪成了家喻户晓的话题， 这本书讲述了挪威探险家弗里德·乔夫·南森在1888年穿越格陵兰岛滑雪的艰难历史旅程）”可知，滑雪在19世纪末成为一个众所周知的词，是由于一本关于滑雪的冒险书籍出版了。故选D项。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段“The British are largely credited with transforming skiing from its Scandinavian roots into the highly competitive sport it is now.（在很大程度上，英国人将滑雪从斯堪的纳维亚起源转变为现在的高度竞争性运动）”可知，英国人在将滑雪变成更具竞争性的运动方面做出了最大的贡献。故选B项。
4.标题归纳题。根据第一段“Skiing has been around since early civilization, evidenced by a 5,000-year-old rock carving representing men on skis hunting deer in Norway, and the discovery of a ski dating back to 6000 B.C. found in Russia. Historians debate where skiing first got its start, though; some argue that it was in Altay, China, in 8000 B.C.（滑雪从早期文明开始就存在了，有5000年历史的代表着挪威人在滑雪板上猎鹿的石雕证明，并且在俄罗斯发现了一种可以追溯到公元前6000年的滑雪板。不过历史学家们争论滑雪是从哪里最早开始的；有人认为它是在公元前8000年在中国的阿勒泰）”以及文章内容可知，本文主要探索了滑雪这项运动的起源，所以“滑雪的古老起源是什么？”可以作为文章标题。故选D项。
【答案】12-15 BBAC
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一家伦敦名为Notpla的公司，正在设计一种以海藻为基础的一次性塑料包装替代品。 文章介绍了塑料污染问题以及这种塑料包装的特性等情况。
1.篇章结构题。根据第一段“After you finish your fries, eat the package. When you add your noodles to boiling water, throw the bag into the pot, too. If these instructions sound confusing to you, it’s only because you haven’t yet heard of Notpla, a London-based start-up company that is designing a seaweed-based replacement for single-use plastic packaging. （吃完薯条后，把包装吃掉。当你把面条放入沸水中时，把袋子也扔进锅里。如果这些说明让你感到困惑，那是因为你还没有听说过Notpla，这是一家位于伦敦的初创公司，正在设计一种以海藻为基础的一次性塑料包装替代品）”可推知，作者通过举例子来引入主题。故选B。
2.数字计算题。根据第二段中“According to the UN, 330 million tons of plastic waste is produced globally each year, and out of the 9 billion tons of plastic produced since the early 1950s, about 60% has been buried or thrown away as rubbish.（根据联合国的数据，全球每年产生3.3亿吨塑料垃圾，自20世纪50年代初以来，生产了90亿吨塑料，其中约60%被当作垃圾掩埋或扔掉）”可知，自20世纪50年代初以来，约90亿×60% = 54亿吨塑料变成了垃圾。故选B。
3.概括大意题。根据第四段“ “The exciting thing is that the new product named Ooho is a film that can replace most of the flexible packaging that you see around,” Sibbel said. The potential contents could include coffee grounds, toilet paper or the nails used for making furniture. For foods, such as noodles, they have even experimented with adding more taste to the packaging, so that dissolving the bag could add seasoning to the pot.（ Sibbel说：“令人兴奋的是，名为Ooho的新产品是一种薄膜，可以取代你看到的大多数柔性包装。”潜在的物品可能包括咖啡渣、卫生纸或用于制作家具的钉子。对于像面条这样的食物，他们甚至尝试在包装上添加更多的味道，这样溶解袋子就可以在锅里添加调味料）”可知，第四段主要讲了新产品的潜在用途。故选A。
4.观点态度题。根据最后一段中“As they expand, Notpla’s team hopes seaweed could replace single-use plastic in the supply chain more broadly, but with a large quantity of plastics used around the world, she understands how difficult such a task is, Sibbel said.（随着它们的扩张，诺普拉的团队希望海藻可以更广泛地取代一次性塑料在供应链中的地位，但Sibbel说，随着世界各地使用大量塑料，她知道这项任务有多难）”可知，Sibbel认为在供应链中取代一次性塑料的任务是具有挑战性的。故选C。
【答案】16-20 GFEAC
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是听觉型学习者改善学习体验的方法。
1.空前说“In fact, auditory learners get information best when it is presented through sound and speech.（事实上，听觉型学习者通过声音和言语来获得信息的效果最好。）”，空后说“but they may have trouble reading silently or staying focused in a completely quiet classroom.（但他们在安静的教室里阅读或保持注意力集中可能有困难。）”，因此空格处是对听觉型学习者的描述，G选项“Those with an auditory learning style like to speak and hear others speak to learn（那些有听觉学习风格的人喜欢说话，听别人说话来学习）”中的“Those with an auditory learning style”和前面的“auditory learners”及后面的“they”相呼应，是对听觉型学习者的描述，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
2.本段主题句是“Record class lectures.（记录课堂讲课。）”，F选项“Ask your instructor’s permission to create audio recordings of class lectures （请征得老师的同意， 制作课堂录音）”中的“create audio recordings”和前面的“Record class lectures”相呼应，说明了在课堂上录音的相关事宜，承接上文，符合本段语境，故选F。
3.空前说“Sit in the front of the room.（坐在教室的前面。）”，E选项“Find a spot in the front row so that you can hear every word of the lecture.（找个前排的位置，这样你就能听到讲座的每一个字。）”中的“a spot in the front row”和前面的“in the front of the room”相一致，说明坐前面的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
4.空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“This technique will help you focus your attention on the auditory process, rather than any other visual stimulus (刺激) that might be in front of you.（这个技巧可以帮助你把注意力集中在听觉上，而不是其他可能在你面前的视觉刺激。）”，因此本段主要讲的是不要看，只听，A选项“Repeat facts with your eyes closed（闭上眼睛重复事实）”说明了只动耳听，不要用眼看，因此概括了本段内容，可作为主题句，故选A。
5.空前说“Read assignments out loud.（大声朗读作业。）”，C选项“Don’t feel like you’re trapped into a silent reading period（不要觉得自己陷入了默读期）”说明了不要默读， 和前面的“大声朗读”相一致，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
完形填空
【答案】21-25 BCDCA 26-30 BDABC 31-35 BACDC 36-40 ACBAD
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了每周末都会为我们制作泡菜的奶奶得了阿尔茨海默症，我们再也吃不到奶奶制作的泡菜，但突然一天，奶奶短暂地清醒过来，并再次给我制作了泡菜，让大蒜香味再次弥漫整个屋子。
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走进厨房，发现奶奶正坐在一个大银碗前，把新鲜的卷心菜、大蒜、盐和辣椒粉混合在一起。A. selling出售；B. mixing混合；C. comparing比较；D. chewing。结合常识和“the fresh cabbages with garlic, salt, and red pepper”可知，制作泡菜要先将各种原料混合在一起。故选B项。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是每个周末美味的韩国菜 —— 泡菜 —— 在我家诞生的过程。A. invented发明；B. fried油炸；C. born出生，诞生；D. broken打碎。上文描述了奶奶制作泡菜的过程，即泡菜诞生的过程。故选C项。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：盘子里装满了泡菜，所以我们的餐桌总是堆满奶奶的拿手好菜。 A. rescued救援；B. discovered发现；C. destroyed破坏；D. occupied占据。根据“Our dinner table”和“grandma’s specialty”可推知，桌子上摆满了奶奶的拿手好菜，餐桌被占满了。故选D项。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：盘子里装满了泡菜，所以我们的餐桌总是堆满奶奶的拿手好菜。A. chair椅子； B. drawer抽屉； C. plate盘子；D. parcel包裹。根据句中“dinner table”可知，泡菜是装在盘子里。故选C项。
5.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，美味的食物对她所遭受的阿尔茨海默症的伤害毫无抵抗力。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Besides而且；D. Meanwhile与此同时。上文讲家里弥漫着大蒜的香味，下文讲这一香味却无法战胜病魔，上下文有转折关系，用表转折关系的连接副词however连接。故选A项。
6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，美味的食物对她所遭受的阿尔茨海默症的伤害毫无抵抗力。A. flash闪光；B. harm伤害； C. loss失去；D. test测验。根据句中“Alzheimer （阿尔茨海默病）”可知，句中指阿尔茨海默症带来的伤害。故选B项。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在发现这种疾病的一年内，她就像一个陌生人一样和我们住在一起。A. model模型；B. surprise意外之事；C. failure失败；D. stranger陌生人。结合常识和下文“She would look at me and ask, ‘Who are you?’ ”可知，得了阿尔茨海默症的奶奶已经认不出身边的人，她像个陌生人一样和作者生活在一起。故选D项。
8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：周六上午仪式般的泡菜制作活动暂停了，在晚餐期间，工厂生产的泡菜的非自然味道只突显出家庭传统的缺失。A. pause暂停；B. trade贸易；C. point观点；D. decision决定。由于奶奶病了，所以泡菜制作停止了。故选A项。
9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：周六上午仪式般的泡菜制作活动暂停了，在晚餐期间，工厂生产的泡菜的非自然味道只突显出家庭传统的缺失。A. reliable可靠的；B. artificial非自然的；C. sweet甜的；D. personal私人的。根据“factory-made kimchi”可知，作者现在只能吃到工厂批量制作的泡菜，这与奶奶手工制作的泡菜相比，失去了自然的味道与奶奶的爱。故选B项。
10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：周六上午仪式般的泡菜制作活动暂停了，在晚餐期间，工厂生产的泡菜的非自然味道只突显出家庭传统的缺失。A. admission承认；B. target目标；C. absence缺失；D. advance前进。根据上文可知，由于奶奶生病，泡菜制作停止，因此家庭传统也缺失了。故选C项。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我妈妈带了一些新鲜的卷心菜和辣椒粉回家。A. posted贴出；B. brought带来；C. buried埋葬；D. grew成长。 根据“some fresh cabbages and red pepper home” 和 “She began to make kimchi.”可知，奶妈带回了卷心菜和辣椒粉，用来做泡菜。故选B项。
12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：熟悉的气味使我的鼻子兴奋起来。A. familiar熟悉的；B. terrible糟糕的；C. obvious明显的；D. different不同的。根据上文可知，生病前奶奶每周末都在制作泡菜，所以作者很熟悉这一气味。故选A项。
13.考查副词词义辨析。句意：奶奶小心翼翼地慢慢地从沙发上站起来，好像被香味吸引了，坐在银碗旁边，把手伸进腌制过的卷心菜里。A. Impatiently不耐烦地；B. Thankfully感激地；C. Cautiously谨慎地，小心地；D. Skeptically怀疑地。结合“slowly”可知，患病的奶奶行动缓慢且小心。故选C项。
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：奶奶小心翼翼地慢慢地从沙发上站起来，好像被香味吸引了， 坐在银碗旁边，把手伸进腌制过的卷心菜里。A. bothered使(某人)烦恼； B. reminded提醒；C. supported支持；D. attracted吸引。根据“my grandma stood up from the couch”可知，奶奶被香味吸引，主动过来帮忙。故选D项。
15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：奶奶小心翼翼地慢慢地从沙发上站起来，好像被香味吸引了，坐在银碗旁边，把手伸进腌制过的卷心菜里。A. mouth口腔；B. feet脚；C. hands手；D. nose鼻子。根据下文“Though her hands no longer 16 the swiftness”可知，奶奶亲自动手制作泡菜。故选C项。
16.考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然她的手不再像以前那样敏捷、准确，但她的脸却呈现出专业人士的老练而严谨的神情。 A. showed显示；B. withdrew收回；C. desired渴望；D. affected影响。根据“the swiftness and accuracy they once did”可知，奶奶因为患病，她的手不能再现曾经的敏捷和准确。故选A项。
17.考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她的手不再像以前那样敏捷、准确，但她的脸却呈现出专业人士老练而严谨的神情。 A. competitor竞争者； B. leader领导者；C. professional专业人员；D. trainer教员。根据“the aged rigor”可知，奶奶尽管不再敏捷、准确，但仍然不失专业人士的气势。故选C项。
18.考查动词词义辨析。句意：尝一尝，我的孩子。A. Keep保持；B. Try品尝；C. Ignore不理睬；D. Beat敲，击。根据“my grandma picked up a piece”可知，奶奶夹了一块泡菜让我尝。故选B项。
19.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个清晰思考的时刻似乎是短暂的。A. clear头脑清醒的；B. slow缓慢的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. popular受欢迎的。根据上文和“short-lived”可知，奶奶患了阿尔茨海默症，是泡菜制作唤起了她清晰的记忆，但这一记忆是短暂的。故选A项。
20.考查动词短语辨析。句意： 她留下的是在我房子周围久久未散的大蒜香味。A. took off起飞；B. fell apart崩溃；C. checked out结账离开；D. hung up拖延。 根据“the smell of garlic”和“around my house”可推知，奶奶留下的大蒜香味在屋里久久不能散去。故选D项。
语法填空
【答案】
41.which
42.their
43.assistance
44.and
45.to study
46.amazing
47.why
48.given
49.the
50.delivered
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了中国空间站的宇航员直播科学课的情况。
1.考查定语从句。句意：周四下午，来自中国空间站的第一节科学课，由中国神舟十三号宇航员翟志刚、王亚平和叶光富进行了直播，让地球上的许多学生感到惊讶。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The first science class，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
2.考查代词。句意：在课程开始时，作为中国第一位进入中国空间站的女宇航员，王女士在两名男宇航员的帮助下，带领学生们参观了天和号空间站的生活和工作区域。修饰后文living and working areas应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
3.考查名词。句意：在课程开始时，作为中国第一位进入中国空间站的女宇航员，王女士在两名男宇航员的帮助下，带领学生们参观了天和号空间站的生活和工作区域。结合句意表示“在……的帮助下”可知，短语为with the assistance of。故填assistance。
4.考查连词。句意：他们观察了零重力下细胞生长和细胞形状之间的关系，以研究变化的规律。结合句意表示“……之间”可知，短语为between…and…。故填and。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：他们观察了零重力下细胞生长和细胞形状之间的关系，以研究变化的规律。分析句子结构可知study在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，用不定式。故填to study。
6.考查形容词。句意：他说，“它们在太空中看起来很神奇，好像在跳动”。他解释说，跳动和发光发生在活细胞发生生物电反应的时候。作表语，表示“神奇的，令人惊奇的”应用amazing。故填amazing。
7.考查宾语从句。句意：叶和王随后展示并解释了为什么宇航员不能像在地球上那样在太空中行走，以及他们如何在零重力下转身。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，故用why引导。故填why。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：这是宇航员第二次上太空课了。分析句子结构可知give在句中应用非谓语动词形式，做后置定语，修饰名词class，且动词give与逻辑主语class构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填given。
9.考查冠词。句意：2013年6月，王在神舟十号飞船上的其他两名乘员的协助下，向全国6000多万名教师和学生进行了首次现场太空教学。结合句意可知，此处是特指，应用冠词the。故填the。
10.考查时态。句意：2013年6月，王在神舟十号飞船上的其他两名乘员的协助下，向全国6000多万名教师和学生进行了首次现场太空教学。空处是谓语，根据上文In June 2013可知应用一般过去时。故填delivered。
短文改错
【答案】
1.year → years
2.suffer → suffered
3.删除but
4.thanks后加上to
5.visit → visiting
6.immediately → immediate
7.mind前的his → my
8.who后的is → are
9.the → a
10.easy → easier
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者看到祖父生病时，护士起到的重大作用，于是下决心自己也要当一名护士的故事。
【详解】
1. 考查名词。句意：当我大约十岁的时候，我的祖父，一位退休教师，患了一种严重的疾病。ten是数词，表示“十”，后接可数名词的复数形式，所以year应用其复数形式。故将year改为years。
2. 考查时态。句意：当我大约十岁的时候，我的祖父，一位退休教师，患了一种严重的疾病。根据句中was可知，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时。故将suffer改为suffered。
3. 考查连词。句意：虽然治疗过程压力很大，但多亏了护士，他很快就康复了。分析句子结构，although引导让步状语从句，逗号后是主句，前边不需要使用连词。故删除but。
4. 考查介词。句意：虽然治疗过程压力很大，但多亏了护士，他很快就康复了。thanks to为固定短语，表示“多亏，由于”。故在thanks后加上to。
5. 考查状语从句的省略。句意：在医院探望他时，护士们让他感到舒适，并在需要时立即给予护理的能力让我深受鼓舞。分析句子结构，while引导时间状语从句，从句主语为I，从句使用过去进行时表示动作在过去的时间正在进行，即be doing。在状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词，从句中“主语+be动词”可以省略，即visiting。故将visit改为visiting。
6. 考查形容词。句意：在医院探望他时，护士们让他感到舒适，并在需要时立即给予护理的能力让我深受鼓舞。分析句子结构，修饰名词care，应用形容词作定语。故将immediately改为immediate。
7. 考查代词。句意：我已决定当一名护士，帮助有需要的人。make up one’s mind为固定短语，表示“某人下定决心”，主语是I，此处应用形容词性物主代词my，表示“我的”。故将his改为my。
8. 考查主谓一致。句意：我已决定当一名护士，帮助有需要的人。分析句子结构，关系代词who引导定语从句，修饰并指代先行词people，在从句中作主语，people为复数，从句系动词应用are。故将is改为are。
9. 考查冠词。句意：因此，我正在尽全力实现我的梦想。 as a result为固定短语，表示“因此”，符合句意。故将the改为a。
10. 考查形容词的比较级。句意：我知道我越努力， 就越容易成功。“the+比较级…，the+比较级…”表示“越……，越……”，所以此处应用形容词的比较级形式easier，表示“更容易的”。故将easy改为easier。
书面表达
【答案】
Plans for This Summer Vacation
This term has come to an end and the summer vacation is coming. During the summer vacation, I can do a lot of things that can make me relaxed and stay with my family. Besides, I can take full advantage of the summer vacation to do some meaningful things. Here are my plans.
First of all, I will travel with my family to enjoy the beautiful scenery of nature. I’m sure it will be a good chance for me to get on well with my family. Meanwhile, I can do some voluntary work, or help my parents with the housework.
All in all, I will try my best to arrange my vacation well.
【解析】
本篇书面表达属于开放性作文，要求考生给你校正在征稿的英语报Life栏目写一篇题为“Plans for This Summer Vacation”的文章投稿，内容包括：暑假的意义；你的计划。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
此外：Besides → In addition
充分利用：take full advantage of → make full use of
机会：chance → opportunity
同时： Meanwhile → At the same time
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First of all, I will travel with my family to enjoy the beautiful scenery of nature.
拓展句：First of all, I will travel with my family to enjoy the beautiful scenery of nature, which will definitely be enjoyable.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] During the summer vacation, I can do a lot of things that can make me relaxed and stay with my family. （运用了that引导的限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] I’m sure it will be a good chance for me to get on well with my family. （运用了省略that引导的宾语从句和it作形式主语的句式）
河南省南阳市2021-2022学年高二下学期6月份六校期末联考英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
The Best Summer Camps in the Country
Camp Vega
AGES: 7 to 15
DURATION: 7 weeks
Activities: swimming, fishing, sailing, and diving.
Founded in 1936, Camp Vega is an all-girls camp named after the brightest star in the summer sky, with the motto “the most exciting thing a girl will find at Vega is herself”. Campers wear uniforms and participate in a weekly “Sunset Circle” friendship-building campfire.
Camp Androscoggin
AGES: 8 to 15
DURATION: 7 weeks
Activities: tennis, golf, soccer, baseball, outdoor basketball and wall climbing, a radio station, and photographing.
Founded in 1907 by a former President of the American Camping Association, Camp Androscoggin is an all-boys camp operating on two key principles: introduction to every activity to build confidence, and eventually a personalized schedule to progress and develop desired skills. Each boy is accompanied by a Big Brother before the camp begins, hoping to develop a sense of companionship that shows the “Andro spirit”.
Brown Ledge Camp
AGES: 10 to 18
DURATION: 8 weeks
Activities: horse riding, tennis, archery, diving, and wakeboarding.
Celebrating its 90 years of foundation this year, the all-girls, uniform-free Brown Ledge Camp is known for its “freedom of choice” philosophy designed to develop independence — campers decide themselves what they’ll do with their time, and girls live in small houses without a worker.
Brant Lake Camp
AGES: 7 to 15
DURATION: 7 weeks
Activities: tennis, baseball, soccer, basketball, volleyball, wall climbing, and archery.
Covering four generations and 100 years of private ownership, Brant Lake Camp in the Adirondacks runs three mini-camps for boys, with separate facilities for different age groups. Activities, instruction, and even fields and courts are suitable for age, with the program changing as boys get older and each mini-camp operating under their own philosophy.
1.What does Camp Vega mainly provide?
A.Horse riding. B.Water sports. C.Indoor activities. D.Cultural instruction.
2.Which camp was built the earliest?
A.Camp Vega.
B.Camp Androscoggin.
C.Brown Ledge Camp.
D.Brant Lake Camp.
3.What do Camp Androscoggin and Brant Lake Camp have in common?
A.They are intended for boys.
B.They both lie on the bank of a lake.
C.They both offer an 8-week -long program.
D.They are specially designed for children aged 8 to 15.
A five-year-old dog named Millie is helping to keep the streets of Hereford, England, clean with her 80-year-old owner Alfie Kitson. Kitson only has to point at a bit of rubbish on the floor and say, “Put that in the bin,” and Millie will do what he bids.
Millie was just eight months old when she was found abandoned in a rubbish bag tied to a tree branch in Spain, where Kitson and his family lived for 20 years. After giving her a new home, Kitson later spotted a soldier and his dog doing the trick in a park and set about trying to get Millie to do the same.
He began putting a box, of similar size to a public bin, in their Spanish garden, and bit by bit, he raised its height as she understood to drop things in the box. And luckily, the bins in Hereford were just the right size for Millie to showcase her talent when she moved to Britain with Kitson and his wife.
“Obviously, environmental concerns are a hot topic at the moment, so if we can help clear up rubbish and plastic off the street, then we’re doing our bit to help,” Kitson said. “We rescued her because our house felt empty without an animal. Dogs and cats are a big part of the life of anyone who loves animals. She is the family, and we are glad we can show her off to neighbors as she is really an amazing dog.”
Hereford office worker Samuel Tiler regularly spots Millie working her magic in the city center.
“The first time I saw her do it, I thought I might be going mad. I thought, ‘Is that really a dog tidying up people’s litter?’” he said of the dog. “I just wish people could be more thoughtful as it shouldn’t take a dog to clear up after them,” Tiler added. “If you’ve got a dog taking responsibility for the environment — surely we can do the same.”
4.What does the underlined word “bids” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A.Commands. B.Promises. C.Misses. D.Witnesses.
5.When did Kitson begin to teach Millie the trick?
A.Before he bought his new home in Spain.
B.When Millie was less than eight months old.
C.After he saw a man training his dog.
D.After he moved to his new home in Britain.
6.Why did Kitson take Millie home?
A.To show off to his neighbors.
B.To guard his house.
C.To accompany him and his wife.
D.To clean up the rubbish in the park.
7.What can we learn from Tiler’s words?
A.Dogs are really friendly to humans.
B.Humans have to pay the price for their mistakes.
C.More dogs should be trained to help keep the environment tidy.
D.Humans should do their part in keeping the environment clean.
Skiing has been around since early civilization, evidenced by a 5,000-year-old rock carving representing men on skis hunting deer in Norway, and the discovery of a ski dating back to 6000 B.C. found in Russia. Historians debate where skiing first got its start, though; some argue that it was in Altay, China, in 8000 B.C.
Modern skiing, however, can date back to the Scandinavians, who mainly used skis as a means of travel or for other practical purposes, particularly the Indigenous Sámi people in Norway, Finland, and Sweden, writes Raymond Flower in The History of Skiing and Other Winter Sports. Norse myths (挪威神话) even described Ull, a winter god, on skis with curved tips and included other stories of heroes and goddesses skiing down mountains.
Some of the first official competitions began around 1850 in Norway, with the first recorded race in Sweden held outside Stockholm in 1879. Skiing became a household word with the publication of the popular book offering a thrilling account of Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen’s difficult and historic journey on skis across Greenland in 1888.
The sport spread to the Swiss Alps, where it was enjoyed largely by British vacationers, before clubs popped up around the world in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Variations of the sport developed over the years, such as the slalom race (障碍滑雪), downhill jumping, and mountaineering. The British are largely credited with transforming skiing from its Scandinavian roots into the highly competitive sport it is now. In 1921, they developed rules that became widely accepted and adjusted the slalom race to include flag gates to test the skill of skiers’ turns.
Skiing then exploded in popularity after World War II, when ski resorts (胜地) gradually developed to receive single-day skiers as well as those taking longer vacations.
8.What can we learn about Raymond Flower?
A.He wrote about skiing. B.He invented skiing.
C.He recorded Norse myths. D.He was good at rock carving.
9.Why did skiing become a well-known word in the late 1800’s?
A.Some official competitions were held.
B.The British spread it all over the world.
C.It was written in the textbook on history.
D.An adventure book about skiing came out.
10.Who contributed most in changing skiing to a more competitive sport?
A.The Swiss. B.The British. C.The Norse. D.The Finn.
11.What can be the best title for the text?
A.How Did Skiing Develop in Norway?
B.Why Did People Kill Time by Skiing?
C.What Are Skiing Adventures All About?
D.What Are the Ancient Origins of Skiing?
After you finish your fries, eat the package. When you add your noodles to boiling water, throw the bag into the pot, too. If these instructions sound confusing to you, it’s only because you haven’t yet heard of Notpla, a London-based start-up company that is designing a seaweed-based replacement for single-use plastic packaging.
The approach feels especially great as the world is coming to terms with the effects of decades of plastic production. According to the UN, 330 million tons of plastic waste is produced globally each year, and out of the 9 billion tons of plastic produced since the early 1950s, about 60% has been buried or thrown away as rubbish. Microplastics — tiny pieces that are often the result of larger plastics breaking down — pollute the ocean, the air and our bodies.
“It’s getting more and more clear how big the plastic problem is,” Notpla design director Karlijn Sibbel said. “Producers are ‘using materials that last for thousands of years for products that are only in use for a few minutes’. We firstly looked to seaweed as the solution to the world’s plastic problem because there is plenty of it, it grows quickly, it doesn’t compete with land crops, and it absorbs carbon from the air,” added Sibbel.
“The exciting thing is that the new product named Ooho is a film that can replace most of the flexible packaging that you see around,” Sibbel said. The potential contents could include coffee grounds, toilet paper or the nails used for making furniture. For foods, such as noodles, they have even experimented with adding more taste to the packaging, so that dissolving the bag could add seasoning to the pot.
Last year, Notpla tested 30,000 takeaway boxes in partnership with the online food ordering service Just Eat. The two companies handed out the takeaway boxes at different UK restaurants and plans are being made to offer the boxes around Europe in 2022. As they expand, Notpla’s team hopes seaweed could replace single-use plastic in the supply chain more broadly, but with a large quantity of plastics used around the world, she understands how difficult such a task is, Sibbel said.
12.How does the author introduce the topic of the passage?
A.By comparing facts. B.By giving examples.
C.By raising questions. D.By analyzing data.
13.How much plastic has become rubbish since the early 1950s?
A.About 198 million tons. B.About 5.4 billion tons.
C.About 330 million tons. D.About 9 billion tons.
14.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A.The potential use of the new product.
B.The new application of plastic bags.
C.The motivation for the new study.
D.The next goal of the new research.
15.What does Sibbel think of their task to replace single-use plastic in the supply chain?
A.It is helpless. B.It is impractical.
C.It is challenging. D.It is a short-term project.
二、七选五
Auditory (听觉的) learning is one of the main learning styles created by the VAK model (学习风格模型) of learning. In fact, auditory learners get information best when it is presented through sound and speech. ___16___, but they may have trouble reading silently or staying focused in a completely quiet classroom. If you are an auditory learner, try these ways to improve your learning experience.
Record class lectures. ___17___. During class, focus your brainpower on listening closely to the lecture. You’ll process the information much better this way than if you try to write quickly down every word the teacher says. Later, you can listen back to the recording and take notes of the most important information.
Sit in the front of the room. ___18___.
Participate in class discussions as much as possible. Talking about your ideas and voicing your questions will increase your understanding of the material. Encourage other students when they speak so that others feel just as comfortable as you do speaking in front of a group.
___19___. This technique will help you focus your attention on the auditory process, rather than any other visual stimulus (刺激) that might be in front of you.
Read assignments out loud. ___20___, if you’re given a homework assignment that involves reading a lengthy chapter. Instead, go to your room or another study space and read aloud to yourself.
A.Repeat facts with your eyes closed
B.You don’t need to write down everything word for word
C.Don’t feel like you’re trapped into a silent reading period
D.But it should make sense to you to be a helpful study aid
E.Find a spot in the front row so that you can hear every word of the lecture.
F.Ask your instructor’s permission to create audio recordings of class lectures
G.Those with an auditory learning style like to speak and hear others speak to learn
三、完形填空
Every Saturday morning, I’d awaken to the smell of garlic and pepper. I would go into the kitchen to find my grandma sitting over a large silver bowl, ___21___ the fresh cabbages with garlic, salt, and red pepper. That was how the tasty Korean dish, kimchi (泡菜), was ___22___ every weekend at my home.
Our dinner table was always ___23___ by my grandma’s specialty as kimchi filled every ___24___. And the delicious smell of garlic would never leave our home. ___25___, the delicious food was defenseless against the ___26___ of Alzheimer (阿尔茨海默病) she was suffering from. Within a year of discovering the disease, she lived with us like a total ___27___. She would look at me and ask, “Who are you?” The ceremony-like rigor (严格) of Saturday mornings came to a ___28___ and during dinner, the ___29___ taste of factory-made kimchi only highlighted the ____30____ of the family tradition.
One day, my mom ____31____ some fresh cabbages and red pepper home. She began to make kimchi. The ____32____ smell excited my nose. ____33____ and slowly, my grandma stood up from the couch, and as if ____34____ by the smell, sat by the silver bowl and dug her ____35____ into the seasoned cabbages. Though her hands no longer ____36____ the swiftness and accuracy they once did, her face presented the aged rigor of a ____37____. That night, we ate not-so-perfect kimchi. I still remember my grandma picked up a piece and said, “Here, Dong Jin. ____38____ it, my boy.” That moment of ____39____ thinking seemed short-lived. My grandma used to say,“Tigers leave furs when they die; humans leave their names.” What she left was the smell of garlic that ____40____ around my house.
21.A.selling B.mixing C.comparing D.chewing
22.A.invented B.fried C.born D.broken
23.A.rescued B.discovered C.destroyed D.occupied
24.A.chair B.drawer C.plate D.parcel
25.A.However B.Therefore C.Besides D.Meanwhile
26.A.flash B.harm C.loss D.test
27.A.model B.surprise C.failure D.stranger
28.A.pause B.trade C.point D.decision
29.A.reliable B.artificial C.sweet D.personal
30.A.admission B.target C.absence D.advance
31.A.posted B.brought C.buried D.grew
32.A.familiar B.terrible C.obvious D.different
33.A.Impatiently B.Thankfully C.Cautiously D.Skeptically
34.A.bothered B.reminded C.supported D.attracted
35.A.mouth B.feet C.hands D.nose
36.A.showed B.withdrew C.desired D.affected
37.A.competitor B.leader C.professional D.trainer
38.A.Keep B.Try C.Ignore D.Beat
39.A.clear B.slow C.fresh D.popular
40.A.took off B.fell apart C.checked out D.hung up
四、语法填空
The first science class from the country’s space station on Thursday afternoon, ___41___ was livestreamed(网络直播) by China’s Shenzhou-13 crew(机组人员) members — Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, surprised numerous students on the Earth.
At the beginning of the class, Wang, the first female astronaut in China to enter China’s space station, gave the students a tour of ___42___( they) living and working areas at the space station’s Tianhe, with the ___43___(assist) of her two male crewmates.
After the tour, they showed several scientific experiments under zero-gravity conditions. First, Ye performed experiments related to cell growth in the weightless environment in space with a short video. They observed the relationship between the growth ___44___ the shape of cells in zero gravity ___45___(study) changing rules. Ye introduced to the students pictures of myocardial (心肌的) cells observed under a fluorescence (荧光) microscope. “They look ___46___(amaze) in space, as if they are beating,” he said, explaining that the beating and gleaming (闪烁) occurred as the living cells had a bioelectrical reaction. Ye and Wang then showed and explained ___47___ astronauts cannot walk in space like they did on the Earth and how they turn around in zero gravity.
This is the second space class ___48___(give) by taikonauts. In June 2013, Wang, assisted by ___49___ other two crew members on the Shenzhou-10 spacecraft, ____50____(deliver) the country’s first live space class to over 60 million teachers and schoolchildren across China.
五、短文改错
When I was about ten year old, my grandfather, a retired teacher, suffer from a serious disease. Although the treatment process was stressful, but he managed to make a quick recovery thanks the nurses. While visit him in the hospital, I was inspired by the nurses’ ability to make him feel comfortable and give immediately care when needed. I’ve made up his mind to be a nurse to help people who is in need. As the result, I am making every effort to realize my dream. I know the harder I work, the easy it will be for me to succeed.
六、开放性作文
你校英语报Life栏目正在征稿，请你以“Plans for This Summer Vacation”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.暑假的意义；
2.你的计划。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Plans for This Summer Vacation
___________________________________________________________________________
#######################################
【答案】1-3 BBA
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个夏令营的情况。
1.细节理解题。根据Camp Vega部分中“Activities: swimming, fishing, sailing, and diving.（活动：游泳、钓鱼、帆船和跳水。）”可知，Camp Vega主要提供水上运动。故选B。
2.数字计算题。 根据文章内容可知Camp Vega建立于1936年；Camp Androscoggin建立于1907；Brown Ledge Camp有90年历史；Brant Lake Camp有100年历史。可知，Camp Androscoggin建得最早。故选B。
3.细节理解题。 根据Camp Androscoggin部分中“Founded in 1907 by a former President of the American Camping Association, Camp Androscoggin is an all-boys camp operating on two key principles: introduction to every activity to build confidence, and eventually a personalized schedule to progress and develop desired skills.（1907年，由美国露营协会的前任主席创立的安德罗斯科金夏令营是一个全男孩夏令营，遵循两个关键原则：介绍每一项活动来建立信心，并最终制定一个个性化的时间表来推动和发展所需的技能）”以及Brant Lake Camp部分中“Covering four generations and 100 years of private ownership, Brant Lake Camp in the Adirondacks runs three mini-camps for boys, with separate facilities for different age groups.（位于阿迪朗达克的布兰特湖夏令营经历了4代，私人拥有时间长达100年，为男孩们开设了3个小型夏令营， 针对不同年龄段的孩子们提供不同的设施）”可知，Camp Androscoggin和Brant Lake Camp的共同之处是它们是为男孩设计的。故选A。
【答案】4-7 ACCD
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。 文章主要讲述了一对夫妻收留了一只被遗弃的狗，并训练它帮助捡起垃圾投进垃圾桶里。起初，他们收养它是为了这只狗能够使空荡荡的家活泼起来，却最终被发掘了“环境保护”的天赋。
1.词义猜测题。 分析划线单词句可知，句中的“and”表达并列顺承关系，由此可推知，“what he bids”应是指代前文提及的Kiston的话“Put that in the bin（把它扔进垃圾桶）”这个命令话语。由此可推知，“bids”应是“指令；命令”的意思。故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“After giving her a new home, Kitson later spotted a soldier and his dog doing the trick in a park and set about trying to get Millie to do the same.（在给Millie一个新家后，Kitson后来发现一个士兵和他的狗在公园里玩这个把戏，于是开始试图让Millie也这么做）”可知，在看到一个士兵用这种方法训练狗之后，Kitson也开始用这种方法训练Millie。故选C项。
3.推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“We rescued her because our house felt empty without an animal.（我们救了“她”，因为没有动物，我们的房子感觉空荡荡的）”可知，Kitson带Millie回家是因为家里有了动物的话，就不会空荡荡的了。由此可推知，他带Millie回家应是因为动物可以陪伴自己和家人。故选C项。
4.推理判断题。根据文章末尾段落Tiler的话“ ‘I just wish people could be more thoughtful as it shouldn’t take a dog to clear up after them,’ Tiler added. ‘If you’ve got a dog taking responsibility for the environment — surely we can do the same.’（“我只是希望人们能更体贴一些，因为不应该让一只狗来清理它们，”Tiler补充道。“如果你让一只狗承担起保护环境的责任，我们肯定也能做到。”）”可知，在Tiler看来，人类的垃圾不应该是狗来清理，如果狗都能保护环境，那么人类更应该自己承担起保护环境的责任。故选D项。
【答案】8-11 ADBD
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了滑雪这项运动的起源及其发展历程。
1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Modern skiing, however, can date back to the Scandinavians, who mainly used skis as a means of travel or for other practical purposes, particularly the Indigenous Sámi people in Norway, Finland, and Sweden, writes Raymond Flower in The History of Skiing and Other Winter Sports.（然而，雷蒙德·弗劳尔在《滑雪和其他冬季运动史》中写道，现代滑雪可以追溯到斯堪的纳维亚人，他们主要将滑雪板作为旅行工具或其他实用目的，尤其是挪威、芬兰和瑞典的土著萨米人）”可知，雷蒙德·弗劳尔写了一篇关于滑雪的书。故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段“Skiing became a household word with the publication of the popular book offering a thrilling account of Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen’s difficult and historic journey on skis across Greenland in 1888.（随着一本畅销书的出版，滑雪成了家喻户晓的话题， 这本书讲述了挪威探险家弗里德·乔夫·南森在1888年穿越格陵兰岛滑雪的艰难历史旅程）”可知，滑雪在19世纪末成为一个众所周知的词，是由于一本关于滑雪的冒险书籍出版了。故选D项。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段“The British are largely credited with transforming skiing from its Scandinavian roots into the highly competitive sport it is now.（在很大程度上，英国人将滑雪从斯堪的纳维亚起源转变为现在的高度竞争性运动）”可知，英国人在将滑雪变成更具竞争性的运动方面做出了最大的贡献。故选B项。
4.标题归纳题。根据第一段“Skiing has been around since early civilization, evidenced by a 5,000-year-old rock carving representing men on skis hunting deer in Norway, and the discovery of a ski dating back to 6000 B.C. found in Russia. Historians debate where skiing first got its start, though; some argue that it was in Altay, China, in 8000 B.C.（滑雪从早期文明开始就存在了，有5000年历史的代表着挪威人在滑雪板上猎鹿的石雕证明，并且在俄罗斯发现了一种可以追溯到公元前6000年的滑雪板。不过历史学家们争论滑雪是从哪里最早开始的；有人认为它是在公元前8000年在中国的阿勒泰）”以及文章内容可知，本文主要探索了滑雪这项运动的起源，所以“滑雪的古老起源是什么？”可以作为文章标题。故选D项。
【答案】12-15 BBAC
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一家伦敦名为Notpla的公司，正在设计一种以海藻为基础的一次性塑料包装替代品。 文章介绍了塑料污染问题以及这种塑料包装的特性等情况。
1.篇章结构题。根据第一段“After you finish your fries, eat the package. When you add your noodles to boiling water, throw the bag into the pot, too. If these instructions sound confusing to you, it’s only because you haven’t yet heard of Notpla, a London-based start-up company that is designing a seaweed-based replacement for single-use plastic packaging. （吃完薯条后，把包装吃掉。当你把面条放入沸水中时，把袋子也扔进锅里。如果这些说明让你感到困惑，那是因为你还没有听说过Notpla，这是一家位于伦敦的初创公司，正在设计一种以海藻为基础的一次性塑料包装替代品）”可推知，作者通过举例子来引入主题。故选B。
2.数字计算题。根据第二段中“According to the UN, 330 million tons of plastic waste is produced globally each year, and out of the 9 billion tons of plastic produced since the early 1950s, about 60% has been buried or thrown away as rubbish.（根据联合国的数据，全球每年产生3.3亿吨塑料垃圾，自20世纪50年代初以来，生产了90亿吨塑料，其中约60%被当作垃圾掩埋或扔掉）”可知，自20世纪50年代初以来，约90亿×60% = 54亿吨塑料变成了垃圾。故选B。
3.概括大意题。根据第四段“ “The exciting thing is that the new product named Ooho is a film that can replace most of the flexible packaging that you see around,” Sibbel said. The potential contents could include coffee grounds, toilet paper or the nails used for making furniture. For foods, such as noodles, they have even experimented with adding more taste to the packaging, so that dissolving the bag could add seasoning to the pot.（ Sibbel说：“令人兴奋的是，名为Ooho的新产品是一种薄膜，可以取代你看到的大多数柔性包装。”潜在的物品可能包括咖啡渣、卫生纸或用于制作家具的钉子。对于像面条这样的食物，他们甚至尝试在包装上添加更多的味道，这样溶解袋子就可以在锅里添加调味料）”可知，第四段主要讲了新产品的潜在用途。故选A。
4.观点态度题。根据最后一段中“As they expand, Notpla’s team hopes seaweed could replace single-use plastic in the supply chain more broadly, but with a large quantity of plastics used around the world, she understands how difficult such a task is, Sibbel said.（随着它们的扩张，诺普拉的团队希望海藻可以更广泛地取代一次性塑料在供应链中的地位，但Sibbel说，随着世界各地使用大量塑料，她知道这项任务有多难）”可知，Sibbel认为在供应链中取代一次性塑料的任务是具有挑战性的。故选C。
【答案】16-20 GFEAC
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是听觉型学习者改善学习体验的方法。
1.空前说“In fact, auditory learners get information best when it is presented through sound and speech.（事实上，听觉型学习者通过声音和言语来获得信息的效果最好。）”，空后说“but they may have trouble reading silently or staying focused in a completely quiet classroom.（但他们在安静的教室里阅读或保持注意力集中可能有困难。）”，因此空格处是对听觉型学习者的描述，G选项“Those with an auditory learning style like to speak and hear others speak to learn（那些有听觉学习风格的人喜欢说话，听别人说话来学习）”中的“Those with an auditory learning style”和前面的“auditory learners”及后面的“they”相呼应，是对听觉型学习者的描述，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
2.本段主题句是“Record class lectures.（记录课堂讲课。）”，F选项“Ask your instructor’s permission to create audio recordings of class lectures （请征得老师的同意， 制作课堂录音）”中的“create audio recordings”和前面的“Record class lectures”相呼应，说明了在课堂上录音的相关事宜，承接上文，符合本段语境，故选F。
3.空前说“Sit in the front of the room.（坐在教室的前面。）”，E选项“Find a spot in the front row so that you can hear every word of the lecture.（找个前排的位置，这样你就能听到讲座的每一个字。）”中的“a spot in the front row”和前面的“in the front of the room”相一致，说明坐前面的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
4.空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“This technique will help you focus your attention on the auditory process, rather than any other visual stimulus (刺激) that might be in front of you.（这个技巧可以帮助你把注意力集中在听觉上，而不是其他可能在你面前的视觉刺激。）”，因此本段主要讲的是不要看，只听，A选项“Repeat facts with your eyes closed（闭上眼睛重复事实）”说明了只动耳听，不要用眼看，因此概括了本段内容，可作为主题句，故选A。
5.空前说“Read assignments out loud.（大声朗读作业。）”，C选项“Don’t feel like you’re trapped into a silent reading period（不要觉得自己陷入了默读期）”说明了不要默读， 和前面的“大声朗读”相一致，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
完形填空
【答案】21-25 BCDCA 26-30 BDABC 31-35 BACDC 36-40 ACBAD
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了每周末都会为我们制作泡菜的奶奶得了阿尔茨海默症，我们再也吃不到奶奶制作的泡菜，但突然一天，奶奶短暂地清醒过来，并再次给我制作了泡菜，让大蒜香味再次弥漫整个屋子。
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走进厨房，发现奶奶正坐在一个大银碗前，把新鲜的卷心菜、大蒜、盐和辣椒粉混合在一起。A. selling出售；B. mixing混合；C. comparing比较；D. chewing。结合常识和“the fresh cabbages with garlic, salt, and red pepper”可知，制作泡菜要先将各种原料混合在一起。故选B项。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是每个周末美味的韩国菜 —— 泡菜 —— 在我家诞生的过程。A. invented发明；B. fried油炸；C. born出生，诞生；D. broken打碎。上文描述了奶奶制作泡菜的过程，即泡菜诞生的过程。故选C项。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：盘子里装满了泡菜，所以我们的餐桌总是堆满奶奶的拿手好菜。 A. rescued救援；B. discovered发现；C. destroyed破坏；D. occupied占据。根据“Our dinner table”和“grandma’s specialty”可推知，桌子上摆满了奶奶的拿手好菜，餐桌被占满了。故选D项。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：盘子里装满了泡菜，所以我们的餐桌总是堆满奶奶的拿手好菜。A. chair椅子； B. drawer抽屉； C. plate盘子；D. parcel包裹。根据句中“dinner table”可知，泡菜是装在盘子里。故选C项。
5.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，美味的食物对她所遭受的阿尔茨海默症的伤害毫无抵抗力。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Besides而且；D. Meanwhile与此同时。上文讲家里弥漫着大蒜的香味，下文讲这一香味却无法战胜病魔，上下文有转折关系，用表转折关系的连接副词however连接。故选A项。
6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，美味的食物对她所遭受的阿尔茨海默症的伤害毫无抵抗力。A. flash闪光；B. harm伤害； C. loss失去；D. test测验。根据句中“Alzheimer （阿尔茨海默病）”可知，句中指阿尔茨海默症带来的伤害。故选B项。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在发现这种疾病的一年内，她就像一个陌生人一样和我们住在一起。A. model模型；B. surprise意外之事；C. failure失败；D. stranger陌生人。结合常识和下文“She would look at me and ask, ‘Who are you?’ ”可知，得了阿尔茨海默症的奶奶已经认不出身边的人，她像个陌生人一样和作者生活在一起。故选D项。
8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：周六上午仪式般的泡菜制作活动暂停了，在晚餐期间，工厂生产的泡菜的非自然味道只突显出家庭传统的缺失。A. pause暂停；B. trade贸易；C. point观点；D. decision决定。由于奶奶病了，所以泡菜制作停止了。故选A项。
9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：周六上午仪式般的泡菜制作活动暂停了，在晚餐期间，工厂生产的泡菜的非自然味道只突显出家庭传统的缺失。A. reliable可靠的；B. artificial非自然的；C. sweet甜的；D. personal私人的。根据“factory-made kimchi”可知，作者现在只能吃到工厂批量制作的泡菜，这与奶奶手工制作的泡菜相比，失去了自然的味道与奶奶的爱。故选B项。
10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：周六上午仪式般的泡菜制作活动暂停了，在晚餐期间，工厂生产的泡菜的非自然味道只突显出家庭传统的缺失。A. admission承认；B. target目标；C. absence缺失；D. advance前进。根据上文可知，由于奶奶生病，泡菜制作停止，因此家庭传统也缺失了。故选C项。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我妈妈带了一些新鲜的卷心菜和辣椒粉回家。A. posted贴出；B. brought带来；C. buried埋葬；D. grew成长。 根据“some fresh cabbages and red pepper home” 和 “She began to make kimchi.”可知，奶妈带回了卷心菜和辣椒粉，用来做泡菜。故选B项。
12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：熟悉的气味使我的鼻子兴奋起来。A. familiar熟悉的；B. terrible糟糕的；C. obvious明显的；D. different不同的。根据上文可知，生病前奶奶每周末都在制作泡菜，所以作者很熟悉这一气味。故选A项。
13.考查副词词义辨析。句意：奶奶小心翼翼地慢慢地从沙发上站起来，好像被香味吸引了，坐在银碗旁边，把手伸进腌制过的卷心菜里。A. Impatiently不耐烦地；B. Thankfully感激地；C. Cautiously谨慎地，小心地；D. Skeptically怀疑地。结合“slowly”可知，患病的奶奶行动缓慢且小心。故选C项。
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：奶奶小心翼翼地慢慢地从沙发上站起来，好像被香味吸引了， 坐在银碗旁边，把手伸进腌制过的卷心菜里。A. bothered使(某人)烦恼； B. reminded提醒；C. supported支持；D. attracted吸引。根据“my grandma stood up from the couch”可知，奶奶被香味吸引，主动过来帮忙。故选D项。
15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：奶奶小心翼翼地慢慢地从沙发上站起来，好像被香味吸引了，坐在银碗旁边，把手伸进腌制过的卷心菜里。A. mouth口腔；B. feet脚；C. hands手；D. nose鼻子。根据下文“Though her hands no longer 16 the swiftness”可知，奶奶亲自动手制作泡菜。故选C项。
16.考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然她的手不再像以前那样敏捷、准确，但她的脸却呈现出专业人士的老练而严谨的神情。 A. showed显示；B. withdrew收回；C. desired渴望；D. affected影响。根据“the swiftness and accuracy they once did”可知，奶奶因为患病，她的手不能再现曾经的敏捷和准确。故选A项。
17.考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她的手不再像以前那样敏捷、准确，但她的脸却呈现出专业人士老练而严谨的神情。 A. competitor竞争者； B. leader领导者；C. professional专业人员；D. trainer教员。根据“the aged rigor”可知，奶奶尽管不再敏捷、准确，但仍然不失专业人士的气势。故选C项。
18.考查动词词义辨析。句意：尝一尝，我的孩子。A. Keep保持；B. Try品尝；C. Ignore不理睬；D. Beat敲，击。根据“my grandma picked up a piece”可知，奶奶夹了一块泡菜让我尝。故选B项。
19.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个清晰思考的时刻似乎是短暂的。A. clear头脑清醒的；B. slow缓慢的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. popular受欢迎的。根据上文和“short-lived”可知，奶奶患了阿尔茨海默症，是泡菜制作唤起了她清晰的记忆，但这一记忆是短暂的。故选A项。
20.考查动词短语辨析。句意： 她留下的是在我房子周围久久未散的大蒜香味。A. took off起飞；B. fell apart崩溃；C. checked out结账离开；D. hung up拖延。 根据“the smell of garlic”和“around my house”可推知，奶奶留下的大蒜香味在屋里久久不能散去。故选D项。
语法填空
【答案】
41.which
42.their
43.assistance
44.and
45.to study
46.amazing
47.why
48.given
49.the
50.delivered
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了中国空间站的宇航员直播科学课的情况。
1.考查定语从句。句意：周四下午，来自中国空间站的第一节科学课，由中国神舟十三号宇航员翟志刚、王亚平和叶光富进行了直播，让地球上的许多学生感到惊讶。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The first science class，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
2.考查代词。句意：在课程开始时，作为中国第一位进入中国空间站的女宇航员，王女士在两名男宇航员的帮助下，带领学生们参观了天和号空间站的生活和工作区域。修饰后文living and working areas应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
3.考查名词。句意：在课程开始时，作为中国第一位进入中国空间站的女宇航员，王女士在两名男宇航员的帮助下，带领学生们参观了天和号空间站的生活和工作区域。结合句意表示“在……的帮助下”可知，短语为with the assistance of。故填assistance。
4.考查连词。句意：他们观察了零重力下细胞生长和细胞形状之间的关系，以研究变化的规律。结合句意表示“……之间”可知，短语为between…and…。故填and。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：他们观察了零重力下细胞生长和细胞形状之间的关系，以研究变化的规律。分析句子结构可知study在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，用不定式。故填to study。
6.考查形容词。句意：他说，“它们在太空中看起来很神奇，好像在跳动”。他解释说，跳动和发光发生在活细胞发生生物电反应的时候。作表语，表示“神奇的，令人惊奇的”应用amazing。故填amazing。
7.考查宾语从句。句意：叶和王随后展示并解释了为什么宇航员不能像在地球上那样在太空中行走，以及他们如何在零重力下转身。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，故用why引导。故填why。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：这是宇航员第二次上太空课了。分析句子结构可知give在句中应用非谓语动词形式，做后置定语，修饰名词class，且动词give与逻辑主语class构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填given。
9.考查冠词。句意：2013年6月，王在神舟十号飞船上的其他两名乘员的协助下，向全国6000多万名教师和学生进行了首次现场太空教学。结合句意可知，此处是特指，应用冠词the。故填the。
10.考查时态。句意：2013年6月，王在神舟十号飞船上的其他两名乘员的协助下，向全国6000多万名教师和学生进行了首次现场太空教学。空处是谓语，根据上文In June 2013可知应用一般过去时。故填delivered。
短文改错
【答案】
1.year → years
2.suffer → suffered
3.删除but
4.thanks后加上to
5.visit → visiting
6.immediately → immediate
7.mind前的his → my
8.who后的is → are
9.the → a
10.easy → easier
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者看到祖父生病时，护士起到的重大作用，于是下决心自己也要当一名护士的故事。
【详解】
1. 考查名词。句意：当我大约十岁的时候，我的祖父，一位退休教师，患了一种严重的疾病。ten是数词，表示“十”，后接可数名词的复数形式，所以year应用其复数形式。故将year改为years。
2. 考查时态。句意：当我大约十岁的时候，我的祖父，一位退休教师，患了一种严重的疾病。根据句中was可知，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时。故将suffer改为suffered。
3. 考查连词。句意：虽然治疗过程压力很大，但多亏了护士，他很快就康复了。分析句子结构，although引导让步状语从句，逗号后是主句，前边不需要使用连词。故删除but。
4. 考查介词。句意：虽然治疗过程压力很大，但多亏了护士，他很快就康复了。thanks to为固定短语，表示“多亏，由于”。故在thanks后加上to。
5. 考查状语从句的省略。句意：在医院探望他时，护士们让他感到舒适，并在需要时立即给予护理的能力让我深受鼓舞。分析句子结构，while引导时间状语从句，从句主语为I，从句使用过去进行时表示动作在过去的时间正在进行，即be doing。在状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词，从句中“主语+be动词”可以省略，即visiting。故将visit改为visiting。
6. 考查形容词。句意：在医院探望他时，护士们让他感到舒适，并在需要时立即给予护理的能力让我深受鼓舞。分析句子结构，修饰名词care，应用形容词作定语。故将immediately改为immediate。
7. 考查代词。句意：我已决定当一名护士，帮助有需要的人。make up one’s mind为固定短语，表示“某人下定决心”，主语是I，此处应用形容词性物主代词my，表示“我的”。故将his改为my。
8. 考查主谓一致。句意：我已决定当一名护士，帮助有需要的人。分析句子结构，关系代词who引导定语从句，修饰并指代先行词people，在从句中作主语，people为复数，从句系动词应用are。故将is改为are。
9. 考查冠词。句意：因此，我正在尽全力实现我的梦想。 as a result为固定短语，表示“因此”，符合句意。故将the改为a。
10. 考查形容词的比较级。句意：我知道我越努力， 就越容易成功。“the+比较级…，the+比较级…”表示“越……，越……”，所以此处应用形容词的比较级形式easier，表示“更容易的”。故将easy改为easier。
书面表达
【答案】
Plans for This Summer Vacation
This term has come to an end and the summer vacation is coming. During the summer vacation, I can do a lot of things that can make me relaxed and stay with my family. Besides, I can take full advantage of the summer vacation to do some meaningful things. Here are my plans.
First of all, I will travel with my family to enjoy the beautiful scenery of nature. I’m sure it will be a good chance for me to get on well with my family. Meanwhile, I can do some voluntary work, or help my parents with the housework.
All in all, I will try my best to arrange my vacation well.
【解析】
本篇书面表达属于开放性作文，要求考生给你校正在征稿的英语报Life栏目写一篇题为“Plans for This Summer Vacation”的文章投稿，内容包括：暑假的意义；你的计划。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
此外：Besides → In addition
充分利用：take full advantage of → make full use of
机会：chance → opportunity
同时： Meanwhile → At the same time
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First of all, I will travel with my family to enjoy the beautiful scenery of nature.
拓展句：First of all, I will travel with my family to enjoy the beautiful scenery of nature, which will definitely be enjoyable.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] During the summer vacation, I can do a lot of things that can make me relaxed and stay with my family. （运用了that引导的限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] I’m sure it will be a good chance for me to get on well with my family. （运用了省略that引导的宾语从句和it作形式主语的句式）
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