广东省深圳市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末调研考试英语试题含解析

这是一份广东省深圳市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末调研考试英语试题含解析，共27页。试卷主要包含了考生必须保持答题卡的整洁等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022年深圳市普通高中高一年级调研考试英语
试卷共8页，卷面满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，留存试卷，交回答题卡。
第一部分 单项填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
单项选择从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Movies ________ from Harry Potter series have proved to be a huge box-office success.
A. adapted B. separated C. copied D. downloaded
2. Students who exercise ________ have better physical and mental health than those who don’t.
A. hardly B. patiently C. regularly D. annually
3. The man gave a detailed ________ of what had happened, which helped the police catch the thief.
A. feeling B. guess C. excuse D. account
4. Usually the traffic is quite busy in the morning, so you need to allow ________ time to get there.
A. sufficient B. limited C. reduced D. convenient
5. My time is running out, could you tell me ________ what I should do in the project?
A. slowly B. briefly C. loudly D. secretly
6. The Tang emperors were very fond of horses, which meant that the animal was a ________ subject for artists.
A. boring B. humourous C. passive D. frequent
7. Another ________ behind football’s popularity is the excitement on the field.
A. attempt B. factor C. level D. story
8. — I’m so tired. I want to give up.
— Come on! Success favours those who never ________.
A. explain B. argue C. quit D. forgive
9. It is reported that the recent ________ has led to more serious water shortage in this region.
A. drought B. flood C. storm D. hurricane
10. After taking online courses for two months, students missed their teachers and classmates very much, so all of them ________ to go back to school.
A. hesitated B. happened C. desired D. refused
11. — Take it as a lesson! Remember “________”.
— I won’t speak that much to unfamiliar people any more.
A. Tick all the right boxes B. Loose lips sink ships
C. Let off steam D. Pull your weight
12. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for her ________ in discovering a new cure for malaria (疟疾).
A. difference B. decision C. procedure D. achievement
13. — Sir, please ________ your order before signing your name.
— OK. Let me check it again.
A. remove B. confirm C. permit D. attach
14. — Mom, I received an email from the company ________ the part-time job to me!
— Oh, good for you!
A. offers B. offered C. offering D. to offer
15. I will call you weekly and keep you ________ of what is going on here．
A. informed B. informing C. inform D. to inform
16. The next train ________ is from Shenzhen to Guangzhou.
A. arrived B. arriving C. to arrive D. arrives
17. — Will you be free this weekend?
— I’m not sure, but I ________ go to an art exhibition with my parents.
A. will B. should C. must D. may
18. — Why were you so upset yesterday?
— I hurried to the concert, only ________ that the show had been cancelled.
A. to find B. finding C. found D. find
19. The speech was meaningful and powerful, ________ lots of students to study harder for their dream colleges.
A. to inspire B. inspiring C. inspired D. inspire
20. —You know, a new park ________ near the river now.
—Wow, we’ll have a good place to relax in the future.
A. building B. will build C. to be built D. is being built
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Your family may love to travel. However, you may worry about the environmental effect of doing so. It is time to take an eco-friendlier trip. We have discovered four destinations for you.
Vienna
Explore the kid-friendly city of Vienna, Austria. Here, you can find plenty of bike-share stations for getting around. The city has a large number of playgrounds and some fantastic museums for children. In the city, there are many hostels run by local people. There is always one that suits your family’s taste.
Volcan Tenorio Area
When you think about taking your kids to Costa Rica, you normally focus on viewing its amazing wildlife. But what about turning to the human activities? One way to do so is to stay on a farm. Kids can take a hand in looking after animals and learning about traditional farming methods.
Khao Sok National Park
In this park, you can show your children a different side of Thailand. Use a local guide to introduce you to the interesting plants and animals. Stay at one of the locally owned cottages. You can even spend a night in a raft house on Chiaw Lan Lake, which runs without electricity.
Countryside of Fiji
Leave luxury hotels behind and head to a village homestay in Fiji. Your kids will learn all about Fijian culture. Your money will go directly to the community. With older children you can join in both sea conservation and community projects, with the help of a reliable organization.
21. Which place will attract people fond of cycling?
A. Vienna. B. Volcan Tenorio Area.
C. Khao Sok National Park. D. Countryside of Fiji.
22. What is special about the raft houses in Khao Sok National Park?
A. They are close to nature. B. They are surrounded by trees.
C. They are operated by local people. D. They are independent of electricity.
23. What do these four trips have in common?
A. They favour older children. B. They offer green transportation.
C. They help protect the environment. D. They provide farming homestays.

Jacky Hunt-Broers ma, who lost one leg to cancer, is seeking to break a world record by completing 102 marathon runs. She set her goal in mid-January. And since then, she has been running the distance of a marathon. Most of the time, she averages just over five hours to complete a run. If she keeps successfully completing marathon runs every day, she will reach her goal by April 28.
Until five years ago, she was not very active. But then she looked into running and decided to give it a try. The sport ended up being quite costly. Currently, she runs on an artificial leg made of a strong, light material known as carbon fiber. The material, which is designed specially for running, costs about $10, 000.
But Jacky says her investment has been well worth it. The biggest struggle used to be that she had to admit part of her body was gone. “Running really changed my life,” she said. “It helped me accept myself as an amputee (截肢者). It gave me a sense of freedom. I fell in love with the process of pushing my body further just to see what I could do.”
However, she has faced both physical and mental difficulties during her record-breaking attempt. On one recent day, Jacky said she felt like giving up at 24 kilometers and began to cry. “I had a total emotional breakdown. I was like, ‘I just can’t do this.’” she said.
Jacky is documenting her progress online and has also gained a large social media following. As she nears the end of her goal, Jacky is hoping to inspire a single thought in others. She tells people, “You’re stronger than you think and you’re able to do so much more.”
24. What is Jacky’s goal according to paragraph 1?
A. To defeat a deadly disease. B. To break her 5-hour record.
C. To be a professional runner. D. To finish 102 marathon runs.
25. What may Jacky think of her running?
A. Difficult but rewarding. B. Interesting but challenging.
C. Enjoyable and eye-opening. D. Stressful and time-consuming.
26. Why does Jacky record her running online?
A. To prove her ability. B. To encourage others.
C. To gain wider attention. D. To increase her confidence.
27. Which of the following best describes Jacky’s experience?
A. Health is the key to happiness.
B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. Chance favours the prepared mind.
D. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.

Knowing how to read, write and talk in one language is enough for many people. They prefer to focus their energy on other things that improve their lives. Scientists, however, continue to confirm that bilingualism, the ability to speak two languages fluently, has more benefits than many realize.
First, it’s good for a child’s brain. Learning a second language improves their academic achievements. Many studies have shown that children who learn a foreign language get better grades at school. Bilingual children also display a better facility in their native language. Their grammar, vocabulary and spelling skills are stronger than those of single-language speakers. Children who learn a second language become expert problem-solvers and creative thinkers. That’s because their brains are constantly working to sort out which language to speak and when. Studies further show that bilingual teens are better at multitasking.
Multilingual parents understand the benefits of learning more than one language. Ben Mazor of Montreal speaks English, French and Hebrew. He says, “Kids’ brains are like a sponge(海绵). They absorb everything. It comes to them so easily while they’re young. So why not give them the chance to learn another language?”
A number of studies show that bilingualism is valuable to the brain later in life. Scottish researchers did a study using data from 835 native English speakers, who took an IQ test at the age of 11. They were tested again in their 70s. Researchers then compared the tests. Those who spoke two or more languages had obviously better cognitive(认知的) abilities. Dr. Thomas Baka, co-author of the study, concluded, “Our results suggest a protective effect of bilingualism against age-related cognitive decline.”
So, who would refuse the benefits of learning a second language?
28. What does the underlined word “facility” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Ability. B. Interest. C. Taste. D. Method.
29. According to paragraph 3, what may parents like Ben Mazor do?
A. Learn foreign languages by themselves.
B. Spend more money on home schooling.
C. Involve kids in foreign language courses.
D. Help kids absorb knowledge like a sponge.
30. What has the Scottish researchers proved about bilingualism?
A. It extends one’s life. B. It improves test scores.
C. It cures brain disorders. D. It slows mental ageing.
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Learning Betters Human Brain
B. Bilingualism Shows Great Advantages
C. Language Opens a New World to Kids
D. Bilingualism Leads to Academic Success

Fresh fruit juice has become increasingly popular in many diets — especially among those consumers who are pressed for time and concerned about their health. Fruit juice has also been linked to beliefs that it can help people lose weight. But is juicing really as healthy as we think?
A recent study reveals hard truths about fruit juice.
All fruits contain sugars and don’t seem to have harmful effects unless they contribute to excess(过量的) daily calories. This is because the fiber which is found in whole fruit is undamaged, and the sugar is contained within the fruit’s cells. It takes our digestive system a while to break these cells down and for sugar to enter the bloodstream.
This is not the case with fruit juice. Different from whole fruit, the natural sugar in fruit juice counts as “free sugars”, just like honey and added sugars. With the fiber removed, fruit juice’s sugar is absorbed more quickly. A sudden rise of blood sugar causes the pancreas(胰腺) to release insulin(胰岛素) to bring it back down to a normal level. Over time, this system can wear out, increasing the risk of developing type-2 diabetes(糖尿病).
In 2013, after analysing the health data of 100, 000 people collected bet ween 1986 and 2009, researchers found that fruit juice consumption was linked with increased risk of type-2 diabetes. They’ve concluded that even when fruit juice is similar in the nutritional content to whole fruit, fruit juice leads to faster and larger changes in insulin levels since liquids pass through the stomach faster than solids.
“Although fruit juice is better than no fruit at all, there are lots of limits,” said Dr. Amy Smith, professor of medicine at the University of Virginia. “It particularly comes with risks when we consume more than I50ml of free sugars per day, or when it puts us over our recommended calorie intake. It provides us with vitamins — but fruit juice is far from a quick fix.”
32. What leads to the increasing fruit juice popularity?
A. Experts’ recommendation. B. Its obvious medical effects.
C. Its assumed benefits to health. D. People’s improved life quality.
33. Why is whole fruit healthier?
A. It provides better nutrition. B. Its fiber slows sugar absorption.
C. It protects our digestive system. D. Its fiber helps remove extra sugar.
34. How did researchers draw the conclusion in 2013?
A. By observing the blood sugar level.
B. By comparing liquid and solid intake.
C. By analysing previously collected data.
D. By interviewing type-2 diabetes patients.
35. What is Dr. Smith’s attitude to fruit juice?
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Objective. D. Unclear.
第三部分 七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people think of sharks as dangerous monsters. But human beings cause a far greater danger to them than they do to us. Although shark attacks do occur, they are quite rare. According to one estimate, however, humans kill 100 million sharks every year. ____36____
Why should we save the sharks?
Sharks take up the top position on the food chain in the ocean. As sharks die off, the population of the animals that sharks consume will increase. This, in turn, means that the number of the creatures those animals eat will drop. ____37____ Fish that eat algae(藻类) are also included. This can cause algae to spread so much that it damages coral reefs.
____38____ The ocean not only produces more oxygen than all the rainforests on Earth combined, but also removes half of the man-made greenhouse gas from the atmosphere. Once sharks die off, the global ecosystem will be upset, affecting all creatures including human beings.
Don’t use shark products
First, vitamin energy drinks and leather goods can be made from shark parts. ____39____ In addition, shark meat is sold around the world, sometimes under misleading names such as rock salmon or whitefish.
Shark fin soup is a popular dish. However, the process of getting fins is cruel. Fishermen cut the shark’s fins off and then throw the shark back into the water, still alive. ____40____ Sharks breathe by swimming, so a shark that can’t swim will die.
A. It is time for children to learn about sharks.
B. Shark oil is also used in many popular beauty products.
C. Then the shark dies slowly, sometimes over several days.
D. Actually, the killing of sharks will affect the whole planet.
E. People in some countries are especially keen on shark products.
F. Among them are some sea fish that humans consume every day.
G. This number is a warning that many kinds of sharks may die out.
第四部分 完形填空(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A 13-year-old girl from Connecticut came up with a smart idea and brightened the days of hundreds of sick kids.
____41____ to see her dear sister lying on the hospital bed three months ago, Ella Casano ____42____ the Medi Teddy, a stuffed animal bag that contains an IV pocket(静脉注射袋). The back of the ____43____ consists of a net, allowing a doctor or nurse to see through and check on the liquid ____44____ that a child is receiving. From the front, the child sees a ____45____ face instead of the IV liquid pocket.
At the beginning, Ella hoped to ____46____ $5, 000 through a GoFundMe page, which would have allowed her to start producing 500 Medi Teddys, the smallest number ____47____ by the manufacturer(厂家) to do the job. ____48____, in just over a week, Ella’s page collected more than $20, 000. Although her sister recovered soon, Ella was amazed by the unexpected level of ____49____ and decided to work harder.
She shared with a local newspaper, “It turns out kids aren’t the only ones who get _____50_____ by the Medi Teddy. The _____51_____ for it has been quite obvious among patients, both children and adults, and even pet owners nationwide. We want to continue to _____52_____ Medi Teddys to as many children as we can to make a _____53_____ in their lives.”
The same motivation has also _____54_____ Ella’s mum. “It’s really been heartwarming to receive such _____55_____ emails from all over the world,” she said. “And it’s inspiring me to contribute to the process.”
41. A. Sad B. Nervous C. Angry D. Surprised
42. A. bought B. created C. found D. filled
43. A. basket B. bed C. window D. bag
44. A. medicine B. sugar C. juice D. food
45. A. serious B. strange C. friendly D. common
46. A. earn B. raise C. exchange D. donate
47. A. changed B. collected C. required D. reduced
48. A. Besides B. Anyway C. Therefore D. However
49. A. response B. competition C. treatment D. performance
50. A. surrounded B. comforted C. accepted D. connected
51. A. design B. reason C. need D. test
52. A. leave behind B. show off C. hand in D. give away
53. A. difference B. plan C. deal D. decision
54. A. educated B. trained C. advised D. impacted
55. A. private B. formal C. supportive D. humorous
第五部分 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fuchsia Dunlop from the UK likes to post her experiences of food from around the world on social media. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, cooking Chinese food ____56____(become) a way for her to deal with the “endless lockdown”.
____57____(realize) her dream of becoming a cook, she decided to come to Chengdu, ____58____ she learned local cooking skills in 1994. Seven years later, Dunlop published her first book, Sichuan Cookery, ____59____(praise) as “one of the top 10 cookbooks of all time”. So far, she has published five books about Chinese cuisines, showing her deep understanding of the food culture that ____60____(run) in the blood of Chinese people.
Having studied Chinese food culture for nearly 20 years, she regards Jiangnan ____61____ the center of the nation’s gastronomy(美食学). The decisive moment was in 2008 when she went to Longjing Caotang, ____62____ restaurant in Hangzhou. The whole cooking method was so moving and ____63____(impress) that, at that moment, she decided to write a book about the area. According to Dunlop, by presenting the ____64____(dish), she is trying to paint a picture of the area and display _____65_____(it) different sides, from the banquet to the street food.
第六部分 单词拼写(共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分)
根据各句括号内的中文提示，用恰当短语或结构的正确形式完成句子，每空限填一个单词。
66. On hearing the good news, all the teachers and students cheered and ________ ________ their feet (站起身来).（根据汉语提示完成句子）
67. My suggestion is that you should ________ ________(道歉) your friend and beg for his forgiveness. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
68. However, ________ the story ________(既不……也不……) the details of Franklin’s experiment are entirely true. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
69. I looked at the photo，which ________ me ________(使……想起)the days when we were in junior high school.（根据汉语提示完成句子）
70. The best seller of this year is ________ ________(基于) a true story.（根据汉语提示完成句子）
71. He was ________ ________(决心) build a new life out of the ruins of his career. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
72. Researchers have found an environmentally friendly way to ________ ________(分解) plastic bags. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
73. Sometimes ________ ________(善意的谎言)have results that we cannot predict in advance.（根据汉语提示完成句子）
74. Many Asian countries have ________ ________(受益于) the Belt and Road Initiative. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
75. My younger sister is coming home, so I have to ________ her ________(接载)at the airport.（根据汉语提示完成句子）
第七部分 书面表达(满分20分)
76. 假定你是李华。上周你校邀请外教Jackson做了一场关于“如何建立良好人际关系”的讲座，请你给他写一封感谢信，内容包括：
1. 表达感谢；
2. 总结收获；
3. 你的期待。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jackson,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua





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1. A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由哈利波特系列改编的电影已经被证明是票房的巨大成功。A. adapted改编；B. separated分开；C. copied复制；D. downloaded下载。adapt from根据……改编。这里指电影由哈利波特系列改编。故选A。
2. C
考查副词词义辨析。句意：经常锻炼的学生比不常锻炼的学生有更好的身心健康。A. hardly几乎不；B. patiently耐心地；C. regularly经常地；D. annually一年一次地。结合语意，经常锻炼的学生会有更好的身心健康，所以空处应用副词regularly，表示“经常地”。故选C项。
3. D
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这名男子详细叙述了所发生的事情，这有助于警方抓获小偷。A. feeling感觉；B. guess猜测；C. excuse借口；D. account叙述。结合语意，男子对于事情的详细叙述有助于警方抓获小偷，空处应用名词account，表示“叙述”。故选D项。
4. A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常早上交通很繁忙，所以你需要留出足够的时间去那里。A. sufficient足够的；B. limited有限的；C. reduced减少的；D. convenient便利的。根据前文“Usually the traffic is quite busy in the morning”可知，早上交通很繁忙，所以我们应该留出足够的时间。故选A项。
5. B
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的时间不多了，你能简单告诉我在这个项目中我应该做些什么吗？A. slowly缓慢地；B. briefly简短地，简单地；C. loudly大声地；D. secretly秘密地。根据“My time is running out”可知，此处指“时间不多，简短地告诉我做什么”，故选B项。
6. D
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：唐代皇帝非常喜欢马，这意味着马是艺术家频繁关注的主题。A. boring令人厌烦的；B. humourous幽默的；C. passive消极的；D. frequent频繁的。结合语意，皇帝非常喜欢马，所以马是艺术家频繁关注的话题。故选D项。
7. B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：足球流行背后的另一个因素是球场上的兴奋。A. attempt企图；B. factor因素；C. level水平；D. story故事。结合语意，球场上的兴奋是足球流行背后的另一个因素。故选B项。
8. C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：——我太累了。我想放弃。——加油！成功青睐那些永不放弃的人。A. explain解释；B. argue争论；C. quit退出，放弃；D. forgive原谅。由“Come on! Success favours those who never”可知，第二个说话人在鼓励第一个人不要放弃，句子表示“成功青睐那些永不放弃的人”，空格处意为“放弃”，故选C。
9. A
考查名词词义辨析。句意：据报道，最近的干旱已导致该地区更加严重的缺水。A. drought干旱；B. flood洪水；C. storm暴风雨；D. hurricane飓风。结合语意，导致更加严重缺水的是干旱。故选A项。
10. C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在上了两个月的线上课程后，学生们非常想念他们的老师和同学，所以他们都渴望回到学校。A. hesitated犹豫；B. happened发生；C. desired渴望；D. refused拒绝。结合语意，学生们非常想念老师和同学们，所以他们渴望回到学校。故选C项。
11. B
考查交际用语辨析。句意：——把它当成一个教训！记住“祸从口出”。——我不会再对不熟悉的人说那么多了。A. Tick all the right boxes满足所有的要求；B. Loose lips sink ships祸从口出；C. Let off steam发泄怒火；D. Pull your weight尽职尽责。结合语意，后者说不会再对不熟悉的人说那么多，所以前者在提醒对方祸从口出。故选B项。
12. D
考查名词词义辨析。句意：屠呦呦因发现治疗疟疾的新方法这一成就被授予诺贝尔奖。A. difference不同；B. decision决定；C. procedure步骤；D. achievement成就。结合语意，屠呦呦发现治疗疟疾的新方法是她取得的成就，所以空处应用achievement，表示“成就”。故选D项。
13. B
考查动词词义辨析。句意：——先生，请在签字之前确认您的订单。——好的。我再检查一遍。A. remove去除；B. confirm确认；C. permit允许；D. attach贴上。结合语意，后者说再检查一边，所以前者请对方确认订单。故选B项。
14. C
考查现在分词。句意：——妈妈，我收到了公司发来的邮件，让我做兼职！——哦，太好了！分析可知，句中谓语是received，空格处用非谓语动词，email和offer之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故选C。
15. A
考查非谓语动词。句意：我会每周给你打电话，让你随时了解这里发生了什么。动词keep后宾语you与inform之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选A。
16. C
考查非谓语动词。句意：下一班到达的火车是从深圳开往广州的。分析句子结构，is是系动词，空处作非谓语动词，结合语意，下一班火车即将到达，空处应用不定式形式修饰名词train，作后置定语，表示将要发生的动作。故选C项。
17. D
考查情态动词辨析。句意：——这个周末你有空吗？——我不确定，但我可能会和父母一起去看艺术展。A. will将；B. should应该；C. must必须；D. may可能。结合语意，后者说自己不确定，所以空处应用may表示可能性不大的推测。故选D项。
18. A
考查非谓语动词。句意：——你昨天为什么这么难过？——我匆匆赶往音乐会，不料却发现演出被取消了。分析句子结构，hurried是句子谓语，空处作非谓语动词，结合语意，发现演出被取消是意料之外的结果，所以空处应用不定式形式作状语，表示意料之外的结果。故选A项。
19. B
考查非谓语动词。句意：这次演讲是有意义且有影响的，激励了许多学生为梦想中的大学更努力学习。分析句子结构，句中was为系动词，空处作非谓语动词，inspire与逻辑主语The speech之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故选B项。
20. D
考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：——你知道，一个新的公园正在河边修建。——哇，将来我们就有一个放松的好地方了。A、C项是非谓语动词形式，不能在句中作谓语，故排除；主语park和动词build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除B项；根据“Wow, we’ll have a good place to relax in the future.”可知，此处表示公园正在建设中，应用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D项。
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍四个更环保的旅游目的地。
1. 细节理解题。根据Vienna段中“Explore the kid-friendly city of Vienna, Austria. Here, you can find plenty of bike-share stations for getting around.（探索奥地利维也纳这个适合孩子的城市。在这里，你可以找到许多可供出行的共享单车站点）”可知，Vienna会吸引喜欢骑自行车的人。故选A项。
2. 细节理解题。根据Khao Sok National Park段中“You can even spend a night in a raft house on Chiaw Lan Lake, which runs without electricity. (你甚至可以在没有电的萧兰湖上的木筏房里住上一晚）”可知，Khao Sok National Park的木筏屋没有电。故选D项。
3. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“It is time to take an eco-friendlier trip. We have discovered four destinations for you.（是时候进行一次更环保的旅行了。我们为你找到了四个目的地）”可推知，这四个目的地有助于保护环境。故选C项。
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了截肢者雅姬·亨特·布勒尔斯莫通过不懈努力，坚持进行马拉松跑步，计划打破世界纪录的故事。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Jacky Hunt-Broersma, who lost one leg to cancer, is seeking to break a world record by completing 102 marathon runs. (雅姬·亨特·布勒尔斯莫因癌症失去了一条腿，她希望通过完成102次马拉松来打破世界纪录)”可知，雅姬的目标是完成102次马拉松。故选D项。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段“It helped me accept myself as an amputee(截肢者). It gave me a sense of freedom. I fell in love with the process of pushing my body further just to see what I could do. (它帮助我接受了自己作为截肢者的身份。它给了我一种自由的感觉。我爱上了把身体推得更远的过程，只是为了看看我能做些什么)”以及第四段“I had a total emotional breakdown. I was like, ‘I just can’t do this.’ (我的情绪完全崩溃了。我想，‘我就是做不到’)”可知，雅姬觉得自己做不到，但是跑步可以给她带来好的感受，所以跑步是困难但是值得的。故选A项。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“As she nears the end of her goal, Jacky is hoping to inspire a single thought in others. She tells people, ‘You’re stronger than you think and you’re able to do so much more.’ (随着她的目标接近尾声，雅姬希望能激发别人的一个想法。她告诉人们，‘你比你想象得更强大，你能做得更多。’)”可知，雅姬在网上记录她的跑步进步是为了鼓励他人。故选B项。
4. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Jacky Hunt-Broersma, who lost one leg to cancer, is seeking to break a world record by completing 102 marathon runs. (雅姬·亨特·布勒尔斯莫因癌症失去了一条腿，她希望通过完成102次马拉松来打破世界纪录)”以及“If she keeps successfully completing marathon runs every day, she will reach her goal by April 28. (如果她每天都能成功完成马拉松，她将在4月28日之前达到目标)”以及文章内容可知，雅姬作为截肢者，通过自己的努力，即将完成跑102次马拉松的目标，所以“有志者事竟成”最能够描述她的经历。故选D项。
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述研究表明，双语能力有很多好处。
1. 词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“Their grammar, vocabulary and spelling skills are stronger than those of single-language speakers. (他们的语法、词汇和拼写能力比说单一语言的人更强)”可知，会双语的孩子在语法、词汇和拼写能力方面比说单一语言的人更强，由此可推知，划线词所在句意为：双语儿童在使用母语方面也表现出更好的能力，facility意为“能力”。故选A项。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Multilingual parents understand the benefits of learning more than one language. (多语父母明白学习多种语言的好处)”及Ben Mazor说的话“So why not give them the chance to learn another language?(所以为什么不给他们学习另一种语言的机会呢？)”可推知，像Ben Mazor这样的会说多种语言的家长明白多语的好处，他们可能会让孩子参加外语课程。故选C项。
3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第一段中“Dr. Thomas Baka, co-author of the study, concluded, ‘Our results suggest a protective effect of bilingualism against age-related cognitive decline.’ (该研究的合著者Thomas Baka博士总结道：‘我们的研究结果表明，双语对对抗与年龄相关的认知衰退具有保护作用’)”可知，苏格兰研究者证明，说双语能减缓精神衰老。故选D项。
4. 标题归纳题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Scientists, however, continue to confirm that bilingualism, the ability to speak two languages fluently, has more benefits than many realize. (然而，科学家们继续证实，双语能力，即流利地说两种语言的能力，比许多人意识到的好处更多)”可推知，本文主要讲述研究表明，说双语有很多好处，故“Bilingualism Shows Great Advantages”是最佳标题。故选B项。
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. C 35. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了喝果汁并不像我们想象中美好。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话“Fresh fruit juice has become increasingly popular in many diets — especially among those consumers who are pressed for time and concerned about their health. Fruit juice has also been linked to beliefs that it can help people lose weight. (新鲜果汁在许多饮食中越来越受欢迎，尤其是在那些时间紧迫和关心自己健康的消费者中。果汁也与它可以帮助人们减肥的信念有关。）”可知，是因为它被认为对健康有益导致果汁越来越受欢迎。故选C项。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“This is because the fiber which is found in whole fruit is undamaged, and the sugar is contained within the fruit’s cells. It takes our digestive system a while to break these cells down and for sugar to enter the bloodstream. （这是因为在整个水果中发现的纤维是完好无损的，而糖包含在水果的细胞中。我们的消化系统需要一段时间来分解这些细胞，让糖进入血液）”可知，水果的纤维可以减缓糖的吸收，所以完整的水果更健康。故选B项。
3. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“In 2013, after analysing the health data of 100,000 people collected bet ween 1986 and 2009, researchers found that fruit juice consumption was linked with increased risk of type-2 diabetes.（2013年，研究人员分析了从1986年到2009年收集的10万人的健康数据，发现喝果汁与患2型糖尿病的风险增加有关）”可知，研究人员是通过分析以前收集的数据得出这个结论的。故选C项。
4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Although fruit juice is better than no fruit at all, there are lots of limits,’ said Dr. Amy Smith, professor of medicine at the University of Virginia. ‘It particularly comes with risks when we consume more than I50ml of free sugars per day, or when it puts us over our recommended calorie intake. It provides us with vitamins — but fruit juice is far from a quick fix’（弗吉尼亚大学医学教授艾米·史密斯博士说：“虽然果汁总比不吃水果好，但还是有很多限制。当我们每天摄入的游离糖超过I50ml，或者超过推荐的卡路里摄入量时，它就会带来风险。它能给我们提供维生素，但果汁远非速效解决之道。”）”可知，Dr．Smith认为果汁有好处，但是也不能多喝。观点中立客观。故选C项。
【答案】36. G 37. F 38. D 39. B 40. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述为什么要保护鲨鱼以及如何保护鲨鱼。
1. 根据上文“Although shark attacks do occur, they are quite rare. According to one estimate, however, humans kill 100 million sharks every year. (虽然鲨鱼袭击事件确实发生，但却非常罕见，然而，据估计，人类每年杀死1亿只鲨鱼)”可知，人类每年杀死1亿只鲨鱼，下文“Why should we save the sharks? (为什么我们应该保护鲨鱼)”提到我们应该保护鲨鱼，所以G项“这个数字是一个警告，许多种类的鲨鱼可能会灭绝”符合语境，G项中“This number”指代上文的“100 million”，故选G项。
2. 根据上文“As sharks die off, the population of the animals that sharks consume will increase. This, in turn, means that the number of the creatures those animals eat will drop. (随着鲨鱼的死亡，鲨鱼所食用的动物的数量将会增加。反过来，这就意味着这些动物吃的生物数量会减少)”提到鲨鱼数量减少会使其引以为食的动物数量增加，这些动物引以为食的生物数量就会减少，结合下文“Fish that eat algae (藻类) are also included.(吃藻类的鱼也包括在内)”中的also可知，空处应是提到数量减少的生物包括哪些，F项“其中有一些是人类每天食用的海鱼”符合语境，F项中的“them”指代上文的“the creatures”，故选F项。
3. 根据下文“The ocean not only produces more oxygen than all the rainforests on Earth combined, but also removes half of the man-made greenhouse gas from the atmosphere. Once sharks die off, the global ecosystem will be upset, affecting all creatures including human beings. (海洋不仅产生的氧气比地球上所有热带雨林的总和还要多，而且还从大气中消除了一半的人为温室气体。一旦鲨鱼灭绝，全球生态系统将被破坏，影响到包括人类在内的所有生物)”可知，本段是讲述鲨鱼数量减少对全球的影响，D项“事实上，捕杀鲨鱼会影响到整个地球”统领本段，符合语境。故选D项。
4. 根据上文“First, vitamin energy drinks and leather goods can be made from shark parts. (首先，鲨鱼的部分可以制成维生素能量饮料和皮革制品)”及下文“In addition, shark meat is sold around the world, sometimes under misleading names such as rock salmon or whitefish. (此外，鲨鱼肉在世界各地销售，有时会被冠以误导性的名字，如岩鲑或白鱼)”可知，本段是描述鲨鱼制品，B项“鲨鱼油也被用于许多流行的美容产品中”符合语境，故选B项。
5. 根据上文“Fishermen cut the shark’s fins off and then throw the shark back into the water, still alive.(渔民割下鲨鱼的鱼鳍，然后把还活着的鲨鱼扔回水中)”可知，被割掉鱼鳍的鲨鱼被扔回海里，结合下文“Sharks breathe by swimming, so a shark that can’t swim will die. (鲨鱼通过游泳呼吸，所以不会游泳的鲨鱼会死亡)”可知，没有鱼鳍的鲨鱼不会游泳，所以几天就会死亡，C项“然后鲨鱼慢慢死去，有时会持续几天”符合语境，故选C项。
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. D 55. C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了13岁的女孩她发明了一款名为“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋，里面有一个输液袋，受到了生病孩子们的欢迎。
1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：三个月前，埃拉·卡萨诺看到自己亲爱的妹妹躺在医院的病床上，心里很难过，于是她发明了一款名为“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋，里面有一个输液袋。A. Sad悲伤的；B. Nervous紧张的；C. Angry生气的；D. Surprised惊讶的。根据“see her dear sister lying on the hospital bed three months ago,”可知，埃拉·卡萨诺看到自己亲爱的妹妹躺在医院的病床上，肯定心里很难过。故选A。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月前，埃拉·卡萨诺看到自己亲爱的妹妹躺在医院的病床上，心里很难过，于是她发明了一款名为“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋，里面有一个输液袋。A. bought买；B. created创造；C. found发现；D. filled装满。根据“A 13-year-old girl from Connecticut came up with a smart idea and brightened the days of hundreds of sick kids.”可知，埃拉·卡萨诺发明了一款名为“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋，里面有一个输液袋。故选B。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：袋子的背面有一个网兜，医生或护士可以透过网兜检查孩子注射的液体药物。A. basket篮子；B. bed床；C. window窗户；D. bag包、兜。根据“a stuffed animal bag that contains an IV pocket (静脉注射袋).”可知，输液袋的背面有一个网兜。故选D。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：袋子的背面有一个网兜，医生或护士可以透过网兜检查孩子注射的液体药物。A. medicine药物；B. sugar糖；C. juice果汁；D. food食物。根据“a stuffed animal bag that contains an IV pocket(静脉注射袋).”和常识可知，输液袋里面是药物。故选A。
5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从正面看，孩子看到的是一张友善的脸，而不是输液袋。A. serious认真的；B. strange奇怪的；C. friendly友好的；D. common普通的。根据“instead of the IV liquid pocket.”可知，孩子看到的是一张美迪泰迪熊友善的脸。故选C。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始，埃拉希望通过GoFundMe页面筹集5000美元，这样她就可以开始生产500只“美迪泰迪熊”，这是制造商要求的最小数量。A. earn赚得；B. raise提高；筹集；C. exchange交换；D. donate捐赠。根据“________, in just over a week, Ella’s page collected more than $20, 000.”可知，埃拉希望通过GoFundMe页面筹集5000美元，用来生产“美迪泰迪熊”。故选B。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始，埃拉希望通过GoFundMe页面筹集5000美元，这样她就可以开始生产500只“美迪泰迪熊”，这是制造商要求的最小数量。A. changed改变；B. collected收集；C. required要求；D. reduced减少。根据“by the manufacturer(厂家) to do the job.”可知，厂家要求生产的最小数量是500。故选C。
8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，仅仅一周多的时间，埃拉的主页就筹集了两万多美元。A. Besides此外；B. Anyway不管怎样；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。根据“in just over a week, Ella’s page collected more than $20, 000.”可知，埃拉希望筹集5000美元，然而，仅仅一周多的时间，埃拉就筹集了两万多美元。故选D。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她的妹妹很快就恢复了，但埃拉对这种出乎意料的反应感到惊讶，并决定更努力地工作。A. response反应、回应；B. competition竞争；C. treatment治疗；D. performance表现。根据“and decided to work harder.”可知，埃拉对“美迪泰迪熊”出乎意料的受欢迎感到惊讶，这是人们对“美迪泰迪熊”的反应，故选A。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，孩子们并不是唯一能从“美迪泰迪熊”那里得到安慰的人。A. surrounded围绕；B. comforted安慰；C. accepted接受；D. connected连接。根据“by the Medi Teddy.”可知，孩子可以从“美迪泰迪熊”那里得到安慰。故选B。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论是儿童还是成人，甚至是全国的宠物主人，对它的需求都相当明显。A. design设计；B. reason原因；C. need需要；D. test测试。根据“It turns out kids aren’t the only ones who get ________ by the Medi Teddy.”可知，对“美迪泰迪熊”的需求很大。故选C。
12. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们想继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪熊”，让他们的生活有所不同。A. leave behind遗留；B. show off炫耀；C. hand in上交；D. give away赠送。根据“to as many children as we can to make a ________ in their lives.”可知，埃拉会继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪熊”。故选D。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们想继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪熊”，让他们的生活有所不同。A. difference不同；B. plan计划；C. deal交易；D. decision决定。make a difference有区别，有影响。根据“We want to continue to ________ Medi Teddys”可知，埃拉会继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪熊”，让他们的生活有所不同。故选A。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同样的动机也影响了埃拉的妈妈。A. educated教育；B. trained培训；C. advised建议；D. impacted对……产生影响。根据““It’s really been heartwarming to receive such ________ emails from all over the world,” she said. “And it’s inspiring me to contribute to the process.””可知，埃拉的动机也影响了妈妈。故选D。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“收到来自世界各地的支持邮件真的很暖心，”她说。“它激励着我为这个过程做出贡献。”A. private私人的；B. formal正式的；C. supportive支持的；D. humorous幽默的。根据“And it’s inspiring me to contribute to the process.”可知，埃拉妈妈收到来自世界各地支持的邮件。故选C。
【答案】56. has become
57. To realize
58. where 59. praised
60. runs 61. as
62. a 63. impressive
64. dishes 65. its
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了来自英国的Fuchsia Dunlop喜欢中国的美食，来到成都学习烹饪技巧并为美食著书的故事。
1. 考查时态。句意：自从2019新型冠状病毒疾病爆发以来，烹饪中餐已经成为她应对“无尽封锁”的一种方式。根据时间状语Since the outbreak of COVID-19可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语cooking Chinese food为动名词短语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，即has become。故填has become。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了实现成为一名厨师的梦想，1994年她决定来到成都，在那里学习了当地的烹饪技巧。此处为非谓语动词，结合语意，她来到成都是为了实现成为厨师的梦想，所以用不定式形式作目的状语。故填To realize。
3. 考查定语从句。句意：为了实现成为一名厨师的梦想，1994年她决定来到成都，在那里学习了当地的烹饪技巧。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Chengdu，先行词指地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用where引导从句。故填where。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：七年后，邓洛普出版了她的第一本书《四川烹饪》，被誉为“有史以来十大烹饪书籍之一”。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，praise与逻辑主语Sichuan Cookery之间是被动关系，所以空处应用动词的过去分词形式。故填praised。
5. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，她已经出版了五本关于中国美食的书籍，显示了她对中国人血液中流淌的饮食文化的深刻理解。分析句子结构，that引导定语从句，空处作从句谓语，从句描述现在的一般性事实，应用一般现在时，从句主语that指代先行词food culture，为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填runs。
6. 考查介词。句意：研究中国饮食文化近20年后，她认为江南是中国美食的中心。regard sth. as为固定搭配，表示“认为某物是……”，所以空处应用介词as。故填as。
7. 考查冠词。句意：关键时刻是2008年，她去了龙井草堂，一家杭州的餐馆。结合语意，此处泛指一家杭州的餐馆，空处应用不定冠词，restaurant是辅音音素开头的单词，前面应用a。故填a。
8. 考查形容词。句意：整个烹饪方法如此感人和令人印象深刻，以至于在那一刻，她决定写一本关于这个地区的书。空处与moving并列，应用形容词impressive，表示“令人印象深刻的”，作句子表语。故填impressive。
9. 考查名词。句意：邓禄普说，通过展示菜肴，她试图描绘出该地区的一幅画面，并展示其不同方面，从宴会到街头美食。分析句子结构，空处应用名词形式作动词presenting的宾语，菜肴多种多样，应用可数名词的复数形式。故填dishes。
10. 考查代词。句意：邓禄普说，通过展示菜肴，她试图描绘出该地区的一幅画面，并展示其不同方面，从宴会到街头美食。结合语意，此处表示展示该地区的不同方面，应用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。故填its。
66. ①. rose ②. to
考查时态。句意：一听到这个好消息，全体师生都欢呼并站起身来。根据汉语提示，应用短语rise to one’s feet，表示“站起身来”，根据句中cheered可知，句子使用一般过去时，动词rise应用过去式形式。故填rose to。
67. ①. apologize/apologise ②. to
考查固定短语。句意：我的建议是你应该向你的朋友道歉并请求他的原谅。“道歉”是apologize/apologise to sb.，should是情态动词，其后跟动词原形。故填①apologize/apologise②to。
68. ①. neither ②. nor
考查连词短语。句意：然而，无论是故事还是富兰克林实验的细节都不完全真实。根据汉语提示，空处应用短语neither...nor...，表示“既不……也不……”，连接并列名词作句子主语。故填neither，nor。
69. ①. reminded ②. of
考查动词时态和短语。句意：我看了看照片，这些照片使我想起我们在初中的日子。分析句子可知，空一是谓语动词，结合汉语提示应用remind...of...“使……想起”，固定短语，由句意和looked可知，用一般过去时。故填①reminded ②of。
70. ①. based ②. on
考查动词短语。句意：今年的畅销书是基于一个真实的故事。根据汉语提示可知，be based on基于，以……为基础，固定短语，故填①based ②on。
71. ①. determined/resolved ②. to
考查形容词短语。句意：他决心在事业的废墟上重新开始生活。根据汉语提示，应用短语be determined/resolved to do sth.，表示“决心做某事”，其中形容词determined/resolved在句中作表语。故填determined/resolved，to。
72. ①. break ②. down
考查固定短语和不定式。句意：研究人员发现了一种环保的方法来分解塑料袋。“分解”是固定短语break down，way后用不定式作后置定语，因此空格处是动词原形，故填break；down。
73. ①. white ②. lies
考查固定搭配。句意：有时善意的谎言会带来我们提前无法预知的结果。分析句子结构可知本句缺少主语，所以空处应填名词做主语，再根据所给中文提示词“善意的谎言”，所以应翻译为white lie，lie做“谎言”之意时，是可数名词，此处应用复数形式。故填①white ②lies。
74. ①. benefited/ benefitted ②. from
考查固定短语和时态。句意：“一带一路”建设使许多亚洲国家受益。“受益于”是固定短语benefit from，由have可知，句子时态是现在完成时，空格处动词用过去分词benefited/benefitted，故填benefited/benefitted from。
75. ①. pick ②. up
考查动词短语。句意：我妹妹要回家了，所以我得去机场接她。分析句子结构可知have to后应接动词原形，再结合所给中文提示词，“接载”应翻译为pick up。故填①pick ②up。
【答案】Possible version:
Dear Jackson,
How’s everything? I am Li Hua, a student who attended the lecture you delivered last Friday. I’m writing to tell you how much I learned from it and convey my gratitude.
Your lecture on “How to build up healthy interpersonal relationship” featured solutions to problems students face every day with each other. I learned that maintaining positive relationships requires mutual understanding, respect and trust. I applied this knowledge to resolving a quarrel with my roommate who had ignored me for a week. In your next lecture I am expecting to learn more about being on good terms with family members.
Once again, thank you for your enlightening/instructive/helpful lecture, and hopefully I will see you in the near future!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Jackson写一封感谢信，感谢他上周为学校做了一场关于“如何建立良好人际关系”的讲座。
1. 词汇积累
表达：convey→express
解决：resolve→solve
保持；维持：maintain→keep
参加：attend→take part in
2. 句式拓展
原句：I learned that maintaining positive relationships requires mutual understanding, respect and trust.
拓展句：What I have learned is that maintaining positive relationships requires mutual understanding, respect and trust.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I am Li Hua, a student who attended the lecture you delivered last Friday. (运用了who引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】Your lecture on “How to build up healthy interpersonal relationship” featured solutions to problems students face every day with each other. (运用了省略关系代词that/which的定语从句)