精品解析：山东省济南市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末情检测英语试题（不含听力）

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济南市2022年1月高一年级学情检测
英语试题
本试卷共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the weather like now?
A. Cloudy, B. Sunny. C. Snowy.
2. Where did the man spend the holiday?
A. In Italy. B. In America. C. In England.
3 Why was the father awarded?
A. For being clever.
B. For being brave.
C. For being creative.
4. What happened to the woman in high school?
A. She became a football fan. B. She got poor grades. C. She got hurt.
5. What is probably the woman speaker?
A. A teacher. B. A policewoman. C. A doctor.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers?
A. In a cafe. B. In an office. C. In a garden.
7. Why does the man want to work from home tomorrow?
A. To stay with his dog. B. To avoid the bad weather. C. To sit in the garden.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How does the woman learn best?
A. Through seeing. B. Through listening. C. Through touch.
9. What does the man think of the art show?
A. He loves it. B. He cannot follow it. C. He thinks it boring.
10. What will the woman do later?
A. Go bowling. B. Listen to a concert. C. Visit an art museum.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Talk show host and guest. B. Teacher and student. C. Husband and wife.
12. Why did the woman start her new job?
A. To travel around the world. B. To make lots of money. C. To write better guides.
13. How long did the woman stay at home last year?
A. Two months. B. Three months. C. Nine months.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the woman going to do?
A. Do some shopping. B. Go skating. C. Watch TV.
15. What month is it?
A. January. B. June. C. July.
16. What does the woman agree to do?
A. Take a jacket. B. Visit her grandma. C. Make a lemon pie.
17. What will the woman have?
A. Soup. B. Pie, C. Pancakes.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the price of a ticket on Tuesdays?
A. $2. B. $10. C. $20.
19. How did the president find the showing?
A. Enjoyable. B. Disappointing. C. Effective.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. The theatre. B. The president. C. A festival.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项, 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Heroes tend to come from youngsters. Here are four of the youngest Olympic champions in the world so far.
Fu Mingxia — 13 years and 345 days
Chinese female diver Fu Mingxia won a gold medal at the 1992 Olympic Games in Barcelona, Spain, when she was just 13 years and 345 days old. She dominated (占据) the sport throughout the 1990s with her performance of extremely difficult dives. Her last Olympic gold medal came during the 2000 Sydney Olympics in Australia.
Nishiya Momyi — 13 years and 330 days
The just-finished Tokyo Olympics saw a few record-breaking feats in the skateboarding event. Japan’s Nishiya Momiji became the first ever women’s Olympic skateboarding champion. The athlete is merely 13 years and 330 days old, which makes her one of the youngest individual gold medal winners in the history of the Olympics.
KlausZerta — 13 years and 283 days
KlausZerta was only 13 years and 283 days old when he won a gold medal in the coxed pairs (双人舵手) event at the 1960 Olympics in Rome, Italy. Moreover, he is the youngest male athlete to win a gold medal in the history of the Summer Olympics.
MarjorieGestring — 13 years and 268 days
MarjorieGestring of America is the youngest individual Olympic gold medalist. She was only 13 years and 268 days old when she won the gold medal at the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games, She would have won more gold medals if not for the 1940’s World War II.
1. Where did Fu Mingxia get her final championship?
A. In Spain. B. In Australia. C. In Japan. D. In Germany.
2. What is special about Nishiya Momiji?
A She won her first gold medal in her country.
B. She broke a few skating records.
C. She went through a hard time.
D. She won 4 gold medals.
3. Which athlete is the youngest when first winning championship?
A. Fu Mingxia. B. Nishiya Momiji. C. KlausZerta. D. MarjorieGestring.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。自古英雄出少年，本文介绍了迄今为止世界上最年轻的四位奥运冠军。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Her last Olympic gold medal came during the 2000 Sydney Olympics in Australia.”(她最后一枚奥运金牌是在2000年澳大利亚悉尼奥运会上。)可知，伏明霞的最后一枚奥运奖牌是在澳大利亚悉尼奥运会上获得的。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The just-finished Tokyo Olympics saw a few record-breaking feats in the skateboarding event. Japan’s Nishiya Momiji became the first ever women’s Olympic skateboarding champion. ”(刚刚结束的东京奥运会在滑板项目上，看到了一些破纪录的壮举。日本的Nishiya Momiji成为第一个女子奥运滑板冠军。)可知，在东京奥运会上，日本选手Nishiya Momiji是第一个女子奥运滑板冠军。所以Nishiya Momiji在自己的国家赢得了第一枚金牌。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据四个黑体字的内容比较可知，四位奥运冠军中，MarjorieGestring的年龄最小，在她只有13岁又268天时，她获得了1936年柏林奥运会的冠军。故选D。
B
In the UK, there is a popular route for cyclists: the road from Land’s End in England to John O’Groats in Scotland, about 874 miles long. It covers almost the full length of Great Britain. The 12-year-old boy named Laurence Chandler became the youngest cyclist to finish the route.
Chandler took 20 days to finish the challenge. Each day, he cycled between 40 to 60 miles. He spent six hours on his mountain bike daily. Chandler had to push through rainy and windy days. Cycling uphill was also hard. “It was much harder than I thought. I wasn’t expecting so many hills and how busy the roads were,” Chandler said. “But if you put your mind to anything, then no matter how big, you can do it.”
Chandler first thought of trying the route when he read an article about it two years ago. Later, as his father’s 50th birthday came around, he decided to go for it. He was already used to cycling around his village and to school before starting his journey.
During his ride, Chandler raised 600 pounds for Smile Train, a children’s organization that pays for treatment for children in developing countries who have deft lips (兔唇).
4. What do we know about Laurence Chandler?
A. He is a cycling lover. B. He is fond of reading.
C. He cycled through England. D. He is a green hand in cycling.
5. What is suggested from Paragraph 2?
A. Chandler was challenged by the trip.
B. Few people chose to cycle the route.
C. The journey was really disappointing.
D. Chandler rode the same distance every day.
6. What helped Chandler decide to try the route?
A. A related article. B. The voluntary work.
C. His father’s birthday. D. The disabled children.
7. What’s the best title for the text?
A. A teenager finishing a great trip
B. A popular cycling route in the UK
C. A road leading England to Scotland
D. A children’s organization for cyclists
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了少年Laurence Chandler完成了一次困难重重的骑行，并为Smile Train组织筹集了善款。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“The 12-year-old boy named Laurence Chandler became the youngest cyclist to finish the route.(12岁的男孩Laurence Chandler成为完成这条路线的最年轻的自行车手)”可知，Laurence Chandler是一名自行车运动的爱好者。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It was much harder than I thought.(这比我想象的要困难得多)”可知，这段路程超出了Chandler的预期，他受到了挑战。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Later, as his father’s 50th birthday came around, he decided to go for it.(后来，随着父亲50岁生日的临近，他决定试一试)”可知，Chandler决定尝试这条骑行路线是因为父亲的生日。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“The 12-year-old boy named Laurence Chandler became the youngest cyclist to finish the route.(12岁的男孩Laurence Chandler成为完成这条路线的最年轻的自行车手)”及最后一段“During his ride, Chandler raised 600 pounds for Smile Train, a children’s organization that pays for treatment for children in developing countries who have deft lips(通过这次骑行，他为Smile Train，一个为发展中国家患有兔唇的儿童提供治疗的组织，筹集了600英镑)”可知，Chandler的骑行具有重大意义，因此“A teenager finishing a great trip(一位少年完成了一次伟大的骑行)”适合作为本文标题。故选A。
C
If you have lived in New York City for many years, like I have, the skyline becomes part of you and your daily life.
When I was invited to visit the recently completed Summit One Vanderbilt, New York’s fourth-highest tower, I wasn’t expecting much. I felt like I’d seen it all and I thought that this observation deck (观测台) would be another space for a view of the city, but nothing else.
Let me tell you something: I have never seen one like this before. It sits on top of a building on 42nd street and Vanderbilt, right next to Grand Central Station. Once you have ascended to the top floor, you step into air, which makes you feel like being at l,000 feet above ground level with its mirrored floors. Once you make your way throughout the space, you feel like New York is part of a body, and your sense of space is challenged by the reflections of the light. The reflections create endless possibilities for photos and videos, and the light changes throughout the day. I took out my camera and began to take photos, feeling a connection with the city that no other observatory has been able to give me.
Summit is something unique, an art work with architecture. It will be an observatory that will change with the city. I personally can’t wait to take photos at sunset, or when winter arrives.
8. How did the author feel when invited to visit Summit One Vanderbilt?
A. Curious. B. Happy. C. Amazed. D. Uninterested.
9. What does the underlined word “ascended” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Risen. B. Turned. C. Referred. D. Adapted.
10. What can be learned about Summit One Vanderbilt?
A. It is the only tower in New York.
B. It lies far from Grand Central Station.
C. It provides a good place for taking photos.
D. It is exactly 1, 000 feet high from the ground.
11. What’s the purpose of the text?
A. To stress a point. B. To introduce a site. C. To raise awareness. D. To promote tourism.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了纽约的第四高摩天大楼——范德比尔特摩天大楼。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“When I was invited to visit the recently completed Summit One Vanderbilt, New York’s fourth-highest tower, I wasn’t expecting much.”(当我被邀请参观最近完工的，纽约第四高塔，范德比尔特摩天大楼时，我并没有抱太大期望。)可推知，我对此次被邀请参观，觉得兴趣不大。选项D与文意相符，故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“you step into air, which makes you feel like being at l,000 feet above ground level with its mirrored floors”(你踏入空中，这让你感觉像是在地面以上1000英尺的镜面地板上)所以可推知划线词所在句的意思为：一旦你到了顶楼的时候，所以划线词此处指“上升到”，选项A符合题意，故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“I took out my camera and began to take photos, feeling a connection with the city that no other observatory has been able to give me.”(我拿出相机，开始拍照，感觉到与这座城市的联系，是其他天文台无法给予我的。)可知，在范德比尔特摩天大楼拍照是其它任何一个天文台不能比拟的，即此处是一个拍照的好地方。选项C与文意相符，故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章从开始提及作者被邀请去范德比尔特摩天大楼参观，当时作者对此次参观并不抱有太大的期望，随后作者亲自体验了范德比尔特摩天大楼，在那里拍照，在这里拍照是其它任何地方不能给予的体验。所以本文的写作目的是介绍范德比尔特摩天大楼。选项B与文意相符，故选B。
D
A child plays many roles, such as friend, neighbor, son or daughter. Simply reminding children of that fact can lead to better problem-solving and more flexible (灵活的) thinking, finds a new research from Duke University.
“This is some of the first research on reminding kids about their many roles said lead author Sarah Gaither, a professor at Duke. “Such reminders improve their problem-solving skills and how flexibly they see their social worlds.”
In one experiment, Gaither and her workmates looked at 196 children, aged 6 and 7. All were native English speakers. The first group of children was reminded of their various identities, such as son, daughter, reader or helper. A second group of children was reminded of their many physical features. The rest of the children were reminded of other children’s many roles, not their own.
All the children solved many tasks. The first group of children showed stronger problem-solving and creative thinking skills. For example, when shown pictures of a bear looking at a honey-filled beehive (蜂巢) high up in a tree, these children had more creative ideas for how the bear might get the honey, such as turning over a bowl as a seat.
The second group of children also showed more flexible thinking about social groupings. When asked to group different photos of faces, they suggested many ways to do so. For example, they identified smiling faces VS unsmiling ones, and old VS young faces. The other children mainly grouped people’s faces by race and gender.
“We often only think about ourselves in connection with one important group at a time,” said Christopher Marlowe, a schoolmaster in Durham, North Carolina. “When we remind kids that they have various identities, they think more and remember that there are many other groups. They are more open-minded.”
12. Who is Sarah Gaither?
A. A reader. B. A professor. C. A reporter. D. A schoolmaster.
13. What can we learn from the experiment?
A. The research was intended for people of all ages.
B. The first group was reminded of various identities.
C. Children in the second group are the most creative.
D. All tasks were solved by the other children.
14. Why are photos of a bear talked about in Paragraph 4?
A. To remind children of childhood.
B. To make children more creative.
C. To show the result of the research.
D. To inform children of wildlife protection.
15. What’s Christopher’s attitude to the new research?
A. Critical. B. Unclear. C. Doubtful. D. Positive.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了一个新的研究的成果：当孩子玩耍时，简单地提醒孩子他们的角色，孩子们会思考更多，可以带来更好的问题解决和更灵活的思考。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“This is some of the first research on reminding kids about their many roles said lead author Sarah Gaither, a professor at Duke. (杜克大学教授兼首席作者Sarah Gaither说，这是第一个提醒孩子们他们的许多角色的研究。)”可知，Sarah Gaither是杜克大学的一个教授。故选B。
13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The first group of children was reminded of their various identities, such as son, daughter, reader or helper.(第一组的孩子被提醒他们的各种身份，如儿子，女儿，读者或帮手。)”可知，实验中第一组的孩子被提醒他们自己的身份。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“The first group of children showed stronger problem-solving and creative thinking skills.(第一组孩子表现出更强的解决问题和创造性思维能力。)”及接下来谈到的事例，可知，通过举例一只熊看着树上一个装满蜂蜜的蜂巢的照片，是为了说明实验中第一组孩子所表现出的能力，即这个能力是在实验中的到的结果。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“When we remind kids that they have various identities, they think more and remember that there are many other groups. They are more open-minded.(当我们提醒孩子们，他们有不同的身份时，他们思考得更多并且记得还有很多其他群体。他们思想更开放。)”可知，当孩子们被提醒自己的身份时，他们会思考的更多。所以可推知，对于这个新的研究的结果Christopher是肯定的。故选D。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I can’t remember if I was nine or ten years old. I do remember that it was the last day of the Boy’s Camp. ____16____ It hurt a lot. The day before for some silly reason I had gotten into a fight with another boy.
It didn’t take long for the bigger boys to pull us apart and call it a draw, but in truth I had lost. ____17____ We hadn’t talked since the fight either but only looked coldly at each other from across the room.
____18____ I knew my Mom was bringing some of her homemade pizzas as a treat for my brother, me, and our friends. Soon I saw her walking up the sidewalk towards the steps of our cabin. She had been bringing these pizzas to us every Boy’s Camp for years now. I saw her smile as my brother and his friends all took the big pieces. ____19____ I thanked her with a smile and started to eat when I saw my fight opponent standing off to the side by himself. In that moment something moved in my heart. ____20____ We talked and laughed and ate. And for some reason unknown to me at the time, the pizza tasted better than ever before.
A. Still, I was in a good mood this morning.
B. Therefore, I felt rather pleased the whole day.
C. I had words with my mother over the summer camp.
D. I walked over to him and gave him one of the pieces.
E. She made sure, though, to save the last two pieces for me.
F. I was looking in the mirror and checking my face for bruises.
G. My head still hurt from several blows the other boy had landed.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. A 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者某次在夏令营和另一个男孩打了一架，打架之后大家都不说话，直到作者的母亲来送披萨，作者受到触动，分了一块给男孩。
【16题详解】
根据上文“I can’t remember if I was nine or ten years old. I do remember that it was the last day of the Boy’s Camp. (我不记得自己是九岁还是十岁。我记得那是男孩夏令营的最后一天)”以及后文“It hurt a lot. The day before for some silly reason I had gotten into a fight with another boy.(它很疼。前一天因为一些愚蠢的原因，我和另一个男孩打了一架)”可知，本句是在说明导致作者很疼的原因：脸上有瘀伤。F选项“我对着镜子，检查我的脸上的瘀伤”符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“It didn’t take long for the bigger boys to pull us apart and call it a draw, but in truth I had lost.(没过多久，那些大男孩就把我们拉开，说我们打成平局，但事实上我输了)”以及后文“We hadn't talked since the fight either but only looked coldly at each other from across the room.(打架之后我们也没说过话，只是隔着房间冷冷地看着对方)”可知，上文提到了作者和男孩打架之后被拉开，本句应当是说明打架的人是谁以及作者为什么输了，G选项“另一个男孩打了我好几下，我的头到现在还疼”符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据后文“I knew my Mom was bringing some of her homemade pizzas as a treat for my brother, me, and our friends. Soon I saw her walking up the sidewalk towards the steps of our cabin.(我知道妈妈会带一些她自制的披萨给我哥哥、我和我们的朋友。不久，我看见她沿着人行道朝我们小屋的台阶走去)”可知，后文提到妈妈要来送披萨，推测作者对此感到高兴。A选项“尽管如此，今天早上我的心情还是很好”符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“I saw her smile as my brother and his friends all took the big pieces.(我哥哥和他的朋友们都拿走了大块，我看到她笑了)”以及后文“I thanked her with a smile and started to eat when I saw my fight opponent standing off to the side by himself.(当我看到我的对手独自站在一边时，我笑着谢了她，开始吃东西)”可知，上文提到作者的哥哥和朋友拿走了披萨，后文提到作者感谢母亲，可知本句是在说明母亲把披萨也留给了作者。E选项“尽管如此，她还是确保把最后两块留给了我”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“I thanked her with a smile and started to eat when I saw my fight opponent standing off to the side by himself. In that moment something moved in my heart.( 当我看到我的对手独自站在一边时，我笑着谢了她，开始吃东西。在那一刻，我的心里有个东西在动)”以及后文“We talked and laughed and ate. And for some reason unknown to me at the time, the pizza tasted better than ever before.(我们边吃边说笑。出于某种我当时不知道的原因，比萨的味道比以往任何时候都好)”可推知，作者看到对手独自站在一边时，心里有所触动，所以给了对手一块披萨，D选项“我走到他面前，给了他一块”符合语境，故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After a rough week, all I wanted was a good rest. I went to the beach nearby for some ____21____ time with myself. It was a lovely, warm weekend in California, kids joyfully ____22____ in the water, or building sandcastles.
As I was leaving, I ____23____ a girl playing by herself. She built a little sandcastle with a moat (护城河) around it and was trying to fill it with water. Unfortunately, there was no ____24____ around to carry water. She would go to the waves,____25____ her hands and then walk back to her little castle. ____26____, not much of the water was making it to the moat. But she kept trying, still smiling and ____27____. As I was standing there watching her, feeling helpless, I ____28____ that I had a bottle of water in my bag. I quickly ____29____, took it out, and walked over to ____30____ it to her. Confused at first, she smiled but ____31____ her head shyly, saying no. I told her that it would make getting the water much faster. She ____32____ and finally took it from my hands after I insisted (坚持), Looking back, I saw her running over to the sea with a big smile, ____33____ in hand.
For me, it was a tiny ____34____. But I also know that when she meets someone in need, maybe, she would think of this little act of kindness by a ____35____. And maybe she would help create a little gentler world around her.
21 A. crazy B. free C. busy D. hard
22. A. playing B. sleeping C. washing D. skiing
23. A. observed B. caught C. heard D. noticed
24. A. bowl B. box C. container D. spoon
25. A. raise B. cup C. wash D. wave
26. A. Sadly B. Luckily C. Amazingly D. Surprisingly
27. A. lonely B. honest C. safe D. hopeful
28. A. believed B. decided C. realized D. expected
29. A. dug in B. set off C. picked up D. gave away
30. A. explain B. hand C. throw D. point
31. A. hung B. held C. nodded D. shook
32. A. smiled B. opened C. failed D. promised
33. A. castle B. pack C. bottle D. bag
34. A. experience B. act C. idea D. change
35. A. designer B. fisherman C. stranger D. friend
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者去海边放松，偶遇一个小女孩搭城堡，但没有容器盛水，作者用随身带着的水瓶帮助了小女孩的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我去了附近的海滩享受自由时光。A. crazy疯狂的；B.free自由的；C. busy忙碌的；D. hard艰难的。根据前文“all I wanted was a good rest(我只想好好休息一下)”可知，作者去海滩放松休息了。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个在加利福尼亚的可爱温暖的周末，孩子们在水里快乐地嬉戏，或者建造沙堡。A. playing玩耍；B. sleeping睡觉；C. washing洗；D. skiing滑雪。根据“in the water”可知，“playing玩耍”符合常识和句意。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我准备离开时，我注意到一个女孩在独自玩耍。A. observed观察；B. caught抓住；C. heard听到；D. noticed看到。根据句意可知，作者准备走了，无意间看到了一个小女孩。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，附近没有容器来装水。A. bowl碗；B. box箱子；C. container容器；D. spoon勺子。根据“to carry water”可知，小女孩需要容器来盛水。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会走向海浪，用手捧些水，然后走回她的小城堡。A. raise举起；B. cup使(手)窝成杯状；C. wash洗；D. wave挥动。根据前文可知，没有盛水的容器，所以小女孩用手捧水。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：遗憾的是，没有多少水流入护城河。A. Sadly令人遗憾地；B. Luckily幸运地；C. Amazingly令人惊奇地；D. Surprisingly出乎意料地。根据句意可知，用手是捧不来很多水的，所以令人感到遗憾。故选A。
27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她继续尝试，仍然微笑着充满希望。A. lonely孤独的；B. honest诚实的；C. safe安全的；D. hopeful充满希望的。根据句意可知，小女孩没有放弃，结合“still smiling”可知，小女孩满怀希望地继续捧水。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我站在那里看着她感到无助时，我意识到我的包里有一瓶水。A. believed相信；B. decided决定；C. realized意识到；D. expected期望。根据句意可知，作者想起来自己背包里有瓶水。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我迅速地拿起背包，取出那瓶水，然后走过去递给她。A. dug in挖；B.set off出发；C. picked up拿起；D. gave away赠送。由“in my bag”可知，作者拿起书包找那瓶水。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我迅速地拿起背包，取出那瓶水，然后走过去递给她。A. explain解释；B. hand递给；C. throw扔；D. point指。根据“it to her”可知，作者拿出水瓶递给小女孩。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初她很困惑，然后笑了笑，害羞地摇了摇头，说不用了。A. hung挂起；B. held抓住；C. nodded点头；D. shook摇头。根据“saying no”可知，小女孩拒绝了我的帮助。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的坚持下，她微笑着最终从我手中接过了它。A. smiled微笑；B. opened打开；C. failed失败；D. promised承诺。根据后文“with a big smile”的提示可知，小女孩笑着接过了水瓶。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：回过头看，我看见她手里拿着瓶子，带着灿烂的笑容跑向大海。A. castle城堡；B. pack包装；C. bottle瓶子；D. bag书包。根据“in hand”及前文作者给小女孩水瓶可知，小女孩手里拿着水瓶。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这只是一个小小的举动。A. experience经历；B. act行为；C. idea主意；D. change改变。后文“this little act of kindness”中“act”原词再现。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我也知道，当她遇到需要帮助的人时，也许她会想到陌生人的这一小小举动。A. designer设计者；B. fisherman渔夫；C. stranger陌生人；D. friend朋友。根据前文可知，作者跟小女孩并不认识，因此对于小女孩来说，作者是一位陌生人。故选C。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
A
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Adam was a freshman in senior high school and he thought it was ____36____(challenge) to get used to high school life. He went to the school counsellor ____37____ advice on courses to be selected. He tried extra-curricular activities, such as ____38____ (help) in the soup kitchen and doing sports.____39____ (obvious), he was a good student.
【答案】36. challenging
37. for 38. helping
39. Obviously
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了高一新生Adam在学校生活中面临的挑战。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他认为适应高中生活很有挑战性。设空处前为was，设空处应为形容词作表语，it为形式主语，指代“to get used to high school life.(适应高中生活。)”应用形容词表语，表示事物的特征。故填challenging。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：他向学校的辅导员寻求有关选课的建议。固定句式go to sb for advice征求某人的意见。故填for。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他尝试了一些课外活动，比如在厨房帮忙和做运动。设空处在句中作非谓语，such as 后接动名词作宾语。故填helping。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：显然，他是个好学生。设空处在句中作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词的形式。故填Obviously。
B
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Written Chinese ____40____ (date) back to the use of longgu carved with symbols. By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. In the Qin Dynasty, as the states were united into one country, the writing system ____41____ (develop) in one direction. Today, the Chinese writing system is an important part of Chinese culture,____42____ helps international students appreciate China more.
【答案】40. dates
41. developed
42. which
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。对汉字的书写体系进行了简单的介绍和说明。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：汉字的书写可以追溯到使用龙骨雕刻的符号。分析句子成分可知，设空处缺少谓语，主语是Written Chinese，为第三人称单数形式，短语date back to表示“追溯到”，时态通常用一般现在时。故填dates。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：秦朝时统一了各国，书写体系也向同一个方向发展。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺少谓语，根据In the Qin Dynasty可知，时态为一般过去时。故填developed。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：如今，汉字书写体系是中国文化的重要组成部分，它帮助国际学生更多地了解和欣赏中国。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Chinese writing system，指物，在从句中作主语，因而用which引导。故填which。
【点睛】
C
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Big challenges can sometimes lead to great ____43____ (solution), and the Aswan Dam Project is a case in point. Countries worked together ____44____ (build) the Aswan Dam and protect the cultural relics as well. When the project ended in 1980, it was considered as ____45____ great success.
【答案】43. solutions
44. to build 45. a
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了挑战会带来好的解决办法的一个成功事例。
【详解】1.考查名词复数。句意：巨大的挑战有时会带来很好的解决方案，阿斯旺大坝工程就是一个很好的例子。根据下文中“the Aswan Dam Project is a case”，列举了具体的一个事例，所以空白处提到的解决方法应该为复数含义。故填solutions。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：各国合作建造了阿斯旺大坝，并保护了文物。分析可知“_______(build) the Aswan Dam”在句中为目的状语，指多个国家共同协作的目的，所以此处填不定式。故填to build。
3.考查冠词。句意：当这个项目在1980年结束时，它被认为是巨大的成功。success“成功的事”为可数名词，结合句意，此处指阿斯旺大坝的建成是一个伟大的成功，所以此处用不定冠词，great 发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共10小题；每小题1, 5分，满分15分)
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词的正确形式。
46. I’m writing to a ______ to be one volunteer of the coming Winter Olympic Games. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】apply##pply
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我写信想申请成为即将到来的冬季奥运会的志愿者。结合句意及首字母提示可知，空白处的含义为“申请”。apply“申请”为动词，结合设空前不定式to，故填apply。
47. In the face of difficulties in learning, I won’t ______ (假装) to have known it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】pretend
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在学习的困难面前，我不会假装已经知道了。表示“假装”应用动词pretend，结合空前的助动词won't可知，此处为一般将来时，空处需填动词原形。故填pretend。
48. He encourages me to ______ (主修) in English in college. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】major
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他鼓励我在大学主修英语。表示“主修”应用动词major，encourage sb. to do sth.为固定短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，空处需填动词原形和to构成动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填major。
49. After all his hard work, Tony now has ______ (信心) to pass the English exam. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】confidence##faith
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：经过努力学习，托尼现在有信心通过英语考试。表示“信心”应用名词confidence/faith作宾语。故填confidence/faith。
50. If you want to be healthy, you should keep a balanced d______. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】diet##iet
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你想健康，你应该保持平衡饮食。根据句意及首字母提示，空白处的内容为“饮食”，diet“饮食，食物”为名词，符合题意，冠词a提示用单数。故填diet。
51. It’s no easy task to take ______(控制)of a class of naughty children. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】control
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：要管理一班顽皮的孩子可不容易。短语：take control of“控制、掌管”，结合汉语提示及短语，故填control。
52. You’d better r______ to the dictionary when you meet a new English word. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】refer##efer
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：当你遇到一个新的英语单词时，你最好查字典。根据句意及首字母提示可知，短语refer to表示“查阅”，符合句意。故填refer。
【点睛】
53. Mike took a deep breath and tried to c______ himself down at the sight of a snake. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】calm##alm
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：一看到蛇，Mike深吸了一口气试图让自己冷静下来。根据句意及首字母提示可知，动词短语calm down表示“冷静；使平静”，try to do sth“试图做某事”后接动词原形。符合句意。故填calm。
【点睛】
54. Murray speaks English well, and he is also f______ in French. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】fluent##luent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：默里英语说得很好，法语也很流利。根据句意“流利的”和首字母提示“f”可知，此处应填形容词fluent作表语。故填fluent。
55. As soon as kids saw mom coming, they ran ______ (向前) to welcome her. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】forward
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：孩子们一看到妈妈来了，就跑上前去欢迎她。此处“向前”用副词forward，修饰动词ran(跑)，run forward表示“向前跑”，故填forward。
第二节(满分25分)
56. 某报英语专栏拟评选年度山东十佳景点(Top Ten Scenic Spots)，请以My Favorite Scenic Spot为题写一篇短文，推荐你最喜欢的景点，并阐述推荐理由。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 文中不得透露个人和学校信息；
4. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
【答案】Mount Tai, one of the famous mountains in China, is located in the central part of Shandong Province, between Tai'an, Jinan and Zibo, with a total area of 242,000 hectares. The main peak, Yuhuangding, is 1545 meters above sea level and has a magnificent momentum. It is known as "the first mountain in the world". I love it for the following reasons.