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精品解析：山东省潍坊市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末统考英语试题
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高二英语
注意事项:
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers doing?
A. Having a rest. B. Climbing up a hill. C. Waiting for someone.
2. When did the man see Jim?
A. At 3 o'clock. B. At 4 o'clock. C. At 5 o'clock.
3. What does the woman mean?
A. Andy finished his homework. B. Andy lost his workbook. C. Andy lied to the man.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a theater. B. In a shop. C. In a children's park.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A teacher. B. A movie C. A task.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man like?
A. He is unfashionable. B. He is impolite. C. He is unsociable.
7. What does the man think will probably make Sarah's parents shocked?
A. His clothes. B. His hair style. C. His job.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. The man's family life. B. The man's daily routine. C. The man's school activities.
9. What does the man usually do before doing his homework?
A. He has a snack. B. He watches TV. C. He talks with his sister.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the man doing?
A. Checking in. B. Booking rooms. C. Asking about the hotel.
11. Why does the man come to New York?
A. To take a holiday. B. To visit museums. C. To have a conference.
12. What will the man probably do later?
A. Buy a map. B. Have dinner. C. Meet a friend.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What month is it now?
A. July. B. August. C. September.
14. What is the woman going to do this September?
A. Start teaching. B. Join a club. C. Go to college.
15. Where did the woman teach children before?
A. In Prague. B. In London. C. In Manchester.
16. What does the woman's father probably think of her being a teacher?
A. Satisfying. B. Unwise. C. Strange.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the speaker focus on?
A. Her memory of a birthday. B. An organization for girls. C. The Guides' activities.
18. How old was the speaker going to be that weekend?
A. 10. B. 13. C. 14.
19 What surprised the speaker?
A. Her friends' turning up.
B. Her friends' staying up all the night.
C. Her friends' singing Happy Birthday.
20 What did they do after the party?
A. Play games. B. Go camping. C. Go bowling.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
There really are apps for everything-and some could end up saving your life.
Skin Vision
You will have to pay for this digital skin check app, either on an ad hoc (随时) or a subscription basis, but with an estimated fifth of skin cancers going undiagnosed during lockdown, it could be well worth it. You simply take a photo of any suspicious spot with your phone and you'll then receive a risk indication from Skin Vision within 30 seconds.
St John Ambulance First Aid
An app like this is more useful for saving someone else's life than your own, but arguably it's a necessity on your smartphone. It gives advice in dealing with emergencies, including choking, allergic reactions and performing CPR. You don't have to have an internet connection in order to use it.
What 3 words
This free download is one of a growing number of smartphone apps that could mean the difference between life and death. What 3 Words divides the world into 3×3 metre squares, giving each one a unique combination of three words. This allows emergency services-or anyone else you give the location to-to reach you. Used by the vast majority of emergency services in the UK, not to mention other control centres around the world, it has been credited with saving thousands of lives.
WhatsApp
Lots of us use WhatsApp for messaging and calling, but do you know it also has a Live Location feature that can let a loved one know your whereabouts in case you' re in danger? You simply press the +key in a chat, select "Location", and then press "Share Live Location", which enables any participants in the chat to see your location in real time for the duration you choose.
1. How can Skin Vision help?
A. It offers medical check. B. It prevents skin cancer.
C. It gives cures for skin diseases. D. It examines the skin automatically.
2. Which app can benefit others more than yourself?
A. Skin Vision. B. St John Ambulance First Aid
C. What 3 words. D. WhatsApp.
3. What do What3words and WhatsApp have in common?
A. They are operated the same way.
B They can tell others where you are.
C. They belong to communication apps.
D. They are used by most emergency services.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四款能挽救你性命的应用程序。
1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“You simply take a photo of any suspicious spot with your phone and you'll then receive a risk indication from Skin Vision within 30 seconds.( 你只需用手机拍下任何可疑点的照片，你就会在30秒内收到Skin Vision的风险提示。)”可知，Skin Vision应用程序可以自动检查皮肤。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“An app like this is more useful for saving someone else's life than your own, but arguably it's a necessity on your smartphone. (像这样的应用程序在拯救别人的生命时比你自己的更有用，但可以说它是你智能手机上的必需品。)”可知，St John Ambulance First Aid这款应用软件给别人带来的好处远超我们自己。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“This allows emergency services-or anyone else you give the location to-to reach you. (这使得紧急服务——或者任何你提供位置的人——能够联系到你。)”和最后一段“ You simply press the +key in a chat, select "Location", and then press "Share Live Location", which enables any participants in the chat to see your location in real time for the duration you choose.( 你只需在聊天中按下+键，选择“位置”，然后按下“共享实时位置”，这可以让聊天中的任何参与者在你选择的时间内实时看到你的位置。)”可知，What 3 words and WhatsApp这两款应用软件的共同之处在于它们可以将你的位置告诉别人。故选B。
B
Cooking is Chris Spear's passion. He's been professionally cooking since he was 16. Over the years, he worked for big restaurants and reached a point where he had almost 100 employees reporting to him. That's when he missed flexibility and wanted to be more creative. So, he quit working for restaurants and set up his own catering (餐饮) company, Perfect Little Bites in Frederick, Maryland.
Spending long hours in the kitchen doesn't tire Spear, but he had often been concerned that becoming an independent chef would make him feel lonely. Spear said he wanted to find an arrangement that would be beneficial to all such groups but didn't cost them any money. That inspired him to found Chefs Without Restaurants, an online resource for chefs.
Now he has a Facebook group where he can post information about, for instance, a potential customer who wants to arrange a dinner in a given location and within a certain price range, and he can offer interested chefs more information. Customers can also benefit from this network. Spear is building a website where customers will be able to check out profiles of the Chefs Without Restaurants members, learn about their specialties and see what kinds of events they can cater, large or small.
Sharon Streb, owner of Oil & Vinegar Frederick which introduces cooking ideas and chefs to their customers, said small businesses should help one another succeed. "When other chefs and businesses come to my store, they get in front of our customers and hopefully we get in front of their customers. That's a win-win for both of us," she said. "It's tough out there for a small business, and not a lot of small businesses succeed. It's important that we can work together and be successful, both of us. "
That's the goal for Spear, who wants to carve out a space for independent chefs on the food map in the area.
4. Why did Spear start his own business?
A. He got tired of being a chef. B. He longed to help other chefs.
C. He wanted to make more profits. D. He sought not to be bound.
5. What is the original purpose of Chefs Without Restaurants?
A. To compete with other chefs. B. To provide training for chefs.
C. To share resources among chefs. D. To set up virtual restaurants.
6. What of the network will appeal to customers?
A. Data about chefs. B. Price ranges of dinners.
C. Locations of restaurants. D. Events held around.
7. What does the author intend to do by quoting Sharon Streb's words in paragraph 4?
A. Reveal the toughness of small businesses.
B. Stress the significance of Spear's work.
C. Call on other businesses to join the group.
D. Show customers' appreciation for Spear.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了克里斯·斯皮尔所创建的一个名为“没有餐厅的厨师”的在线资源，目的是在厨师之间共享资源。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Over the years, he worked for big restaurants and reached a point where he had almost 100 employees reporting to him. That's when he missed flexibility and wanted to be more creative. So, he quit working for restaurants and set up his own catering(餐饮)company,(多年来，他在大型餐厅工作，有近100名员工向他汇报工作。那时他失去了灵活性，想要更有创造力。所以，他辞掉了餐馆的工作，成立了自己的餐饮公司)”可知斯皮尔开创了自己的事业，因为他不想被束缚。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Spear said he wanted to find an arrangement that would be beneficial to all such groups but didn't cost them any money.That inspired him to found Chefs Without Restaurants, an online resource for chefs.(斯皮尔说，他想找到一种对所有这些群体都有利的安排，但又不花他们一分钱。这启发他创建了一个为厨师提供在线资源的“没有餐厅的厨师”)”可知“没有餐厅的厨师”的初衷是在厨师之间共享资源。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Spear is building a website where customers will be able to check out profiles of the Chefs Without Restaurants members, learn about their specialties and see what kinds of events they can cater, large or small. (斯皮尔正在建立一个网站，在这个网站上，顾客可以查看“无餐厅厨师”会员的资料，了解他们的专长，并了解他们可以承办的大型或小型活动。)”可知网络中关于厨师的数据会吸引顾客。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“It's tough out there for a small business, and not a lot of small businesses succeed. It's important that we can work together and be successful, both of us. "(对于小企业来说，这是艰难的，而且没有多少小企业能成功。重要的是我们能一起工作并且成功)”以及“small businesses should help one another succeed.(小型企业应该互相帮助取得成功。)”可知引用莎朗·斯特莱布的话来强调斯皮尔的工作的重要性。故选B。
C
Fed up dads are desperate for a revolution when it comes to parenting traditions-with millions of men wanting to spend more time with their new-born children. Shock new statistics show that almost two thirds of dads would be keen on taking much more time off work to spend with their children when they are first born.
Yet, while 62% of fathers say they want to use shared parental leave laws to get a more even split (份额) with mums, almost none of them have actually done so. A study from the University of Birmingham suggested that a number of factors are getting in the way. It pointed to workplace culture, social expectations and financial pressures all being serious barriers to progress.
Since April 2015, parents have been able to share up to 50 weeks to leave and 37 weeks of pay. Estimates suggest only one percent of couples have used the rules, suggesting old habits are proving hard to shift. Interestingly, mums are more lukewarm when it comes to change. A survey showed 41% of mums are open to a more equal split of time-but 42% are opposed to using the new laws. Only just 27% of dads are against the idea.
The survey findings come from a research by Legal & General. It surveyed over 1,000 UK parents with children up to the age of 16. It found, particularly among Generation Z — the newest and youngest age group of parents, 69% would like to split their parental leave either equally or more evenly. That compares to 54% of millennials (千禧一代).
It’s clear that there’s a strong appetite in the UK to make use of shared parental leave and that this far outweighs the current use of the scheme (方案).
8. Which may best describe most fathers’ situation concerning parenting?
A. Reality calls for hope. B. Ambition amounts to nothing.
C. Desire meets with hard facts. D. Hard work contributes to success.
9. Which of the following can replace the word “lukewarm” underlined in paragraph 3?
A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Anxious. D. Unwilling.
10. How does the author organize the text?
A. By giving examples. B. By explaining reasons.
C. By stating arguments. D. By providing research results.
11. What could be the best title?
A. Shared Parental Leave Laws B. Parenting Traditions
C. Appetite for a Parenting Revolution D. More Days Off, More Love
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在英国共享育儿假法的实施情况，以及不同人群对它的态度。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Shock new statistics show that almost two thirds of dads would be keen on taking much more time off work to spend with their children when they are first born.”(令人震惊的新统计数据显示，近三分之二的父亲希望在他们的孩子新出生时能抽出更多的时间陪孩子。)和第二段的“Yet, while 62% of fathers say they want to use shared parental leave laws to get a more even split(份额)with mums, almost none of them have actually done so.A study from the University of Birmingham suggested that a number of factors are getting in the way. It pointed to workplace culture, social expectations and financial pressures all being serious barriers to progress.(然而，尽管62%的父亲表示，他们希望通过共享育儿假法来与母亲更公平地分配产假，但他们中几乎没有人真的这么做了。伯明翰大学的一项研究表明，有很多因素在阻碍这一进程。报告指出，工作场所文化、社会期望和财务压力都是进步的严重障碍)”可知，虽然大多数父亲表达了愿意花时间照顾孩子的愿望，但受到了很多因素的阻碍。由此可知，大多数父亲的育儿现状是：期待遇到了残酷的事实。故选C项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“A survey showed 41% of mums are open to a more equal split of time-but 42% are opposed to using the new laws.”(一项调查显示，41%的妈妈愿意接受更平等的时间分配，但是42%的妈妈反对使用新法律。)可知，当谈到改变时，很多妈妈们是不愿意的，推测划线单词表示“不情愿的”，与unwilling同义。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，文章第一段提到数据统计，第二段提到伯明翰大学的研究，第三段提到一项调查，第四段提到研究的调查结果，所以作者是通过提供研究成果来组织文章的。故选D项。
【11题详解】
标题判断题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了共享育儿假法的实施情况，以及不同人权对它的态度。所以“共享育儿假法”可以作为文章标题。故选A项。
D
Antarctica's Thwaites Glacier has been in the spotlight in recent years, as scientists have undertaken a multi-part international project to study the vast glacier from all angles. The urgency comes from observations and analyses showing that the amount of ice flowing from Thwaites — and contributing to sea level rise — has doubled in the past three decades. Scientists think the glacier could witness even more dramatic changes in the near future.
This image pair demonstrates the changes that have occurred since the start of this century. The first image shows the glacier's floating ice tongue on December 2,2001. The second image shows the glacier on December 28, 2019. Both images show the glacier where it exits the land in West Antarctica and stretches over the Amundsen Sea as thick floating ice. Ice that originates on land can raise sea level if it is delivered to the ocean at a faster rate than it is being replaced inland by snowfall. The flow speed of Thwaites has been increasing, while inland snowfall has not changed significantly.
In the past ten years, the tongue has continued to break and separate from the Thwaites Eastern Ice Shelf. By the time the 2019 image was acquired, the main tongue had declined greatly, and the ocean in front of Thwaites had become filled with floating ice.
Thwaites pours about 50 billion tons of ice into the ocean each year. That amount is nothing to sneeze at. But for the time being, it's “still a relatively small amount of sea-level rise,” said Ted Scambos, a scientist at the University of Colorado. “What the satellites are showing us is a glacier coming apart," said Ted Scambos.” Every few years a new area seems to be letting go and speeding. Like taffy being stretched out, this glacier is being drawn into the ocean.”
12. What makes Antarctica's Thwaites Glacier a focus of attention?
A. Scientists' effort to protect it B. The rising sea level.
C. Change in floating ice quantity. D. The charm of its vast body.
13. What does paragraph 2 function as?
A. An example. B. An explanation. C. A conclusion. D. A summary.
14. How does Ted feel about the future of the glacier?
A. Unconcerned. B. Confused. C. Uncertain. D. Worried.
15. In which section of a website can this text be found?
A. Energy Frontier. B. Earth Observatory.
C. Climate Action. D. Space Exploration.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了南极洲的思韦茨冰川浮冰量在过去30年里增加了一倍，引起了人们的关注。文章通过两张照片来解释了这一变化，并说明了科学家对此的看法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Antarctica's Thwaites Glacier has been in the spotlight in recent years, as scientists have undertaken a multi-part international project to study the vast glacier from all angles. The urgency comes from observations and analyses showing that the amount of ice flowing from Thwaites—and contributing to sea level rise—has doubled in the past three decades. Scientists think the glacier could witness even more dramatic changes in the near future.(南极洲的思韦茨冰川近年来一直是人们关注的焦点，因为科学家们已经开始了一项由多个部分组成的国际项目，从各个角度研究这片巨大的冰川。这种紧迫性来自于观察和分析，这些观察和分析表明，从思韦特流出的冰的数量在过去30年里增加了一倍，而这些冰是导致海平面上升的因素之一。科学家们认为，在不久的将来，冰川可能会经历更剧烈的变化)”可知，浮冰量变化让南极洲的思韦茨冰川成为人们关注的焦点。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“This image pair demonstrates the changes that have occurred since the start of this century. The first image shows the glacier's floating ice tongue on December 2, 2001. The second image shows the glacier on December 28, 2019. Both images show the glacier where it exits the land in West Antarctica and stretches over the Amundsen Sea as thick floating ice. Ice that originates on land can raise sea level if it is delivered to the ocean at a faster rate than it is being replaced inland by snowfall. The flow speed of Thwaites has been increasing, while inland snowfall has not changed significantly.(这对图像展示了自本世纪初以来发生的变化。第一张图片显示的是2001年12月2日冰川漂浮的冰舌。第二张照片显示的是2019年12月28日的冰川。这两张图片都显示了冰川离开南极洲西部的陆地，以厚厚的浮冰的形式延伸到阿蒙森海。如果陆地上的冰以更快的速度流入海洋，而不是被降雪取代，那么海平面就会升高。思韦茨地区的降雪速度一直在增加，而内陆降雪变化不明显)”可推知，第二段的作用是解释照片，故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“"What the satellites are showing us is a glacier coming apart," said Ted Scambos. "Every few years a new area seems to be letting go and speeding. Like taffy being stretched out, this glacier is being drawn into the ocean.”(Ted Scambos说：“卫星向我们显示的是冰川正在分离。每隔几年，似乎就会有一个新的领域出现并加速发展。就像太妃糖被拉长一样，这座冰川正被拖进海洋。”)”可推知，泰德对冰川的未来感到担忧。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Antarctica's Thwaites Glacier has been in the spotlight in recent years, as scientists have undertaken a multi-part international project to study the vast glacier from all angles. The urgency comes from observations and analyses showing that the amount of ice flowing from Thwaites—and contributing to sea level rise—has doubled in the past three decades. Scientists think the glacier could witness even more dramatic changes in the near future.(南极洲的思韦茨冰川近年来一直是人们关注的焦点，因为科学家们已经开始了一项由多个部分组成的国际项目，从各个角度研究这片巨大的冰川。这种紧迫性来自于观察和分析，这些观察和分析表明，从思韦特流出的冰的数量在过去30年里增加了一倍，而这些冰是导致海平面上升的因素之一。科学家们认为，在不久的将来，冰川可能会经历更剧烈的变化)”结合文章主要说明了南极洲的思韦茨冰川浮冰量在过去30年里增加了一倍，引起了人们的关注。文章通过两张照片来解释了这一变化，并说明了科学家对此的看法。可推知，文章可能选自网站的“气候行动”部分。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people have a dependency on an afternoon nap. ___16___ It can also help them feel more alert (机敏的)for the afternoon ahead. Even Boris Johnson supposedly favors a power nap during his work day. Winston Churchill, Albert Einstein, and Leonardo Da Vinci were all famous nappers.
Napping is a great way to feel more rested and alert-and some research shows it car benefit our cognitive function. ___17___ If you need to be alert right after waking up, so-called "power naps" of 10-30 minutes are recommended.
While short naps are great for increasing energy, longer naps are more beneficial for learning. According to the research, they improve activation of the hippocampus—an area of the brain important for learning and memory. ___18___
___19___ It's possible that they help the brain clean up sleep-inducing (诱导睡眠的)waste products that would otherwise hold up brain activity, and that they refill the brain's energy stores. Short naps may also help improve your attention by letting particularly sleepy areas of the brain recover, hence preventing instability in the brain's networks.
Although napping has many positive short-term effects, they are not recommended for people who suffer from insomnia(失眠症). Because naps decrease sleepiness, they may make it harder to fall asleep when going to bed in the evening. ___20___ For instance, if the best performance is needed instantly afterwards, don't nap, as it may take some time to fully wake up.
A. But many more prefer not to
B. It is to catch up on lost sleep.
C. How has napping become so popular?
D. Naps should also be avoided in some situations
E. Why short naps are so beneficial is not well understood
F. However, you may want to consider how long you have to nap.
G. A one-to-two-hour nap benefits both motor skills and memory abilities.
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. G 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了打盹的好处。
【16题详解】
根据下句“It can also help them feel more alert(机敏的)for the afternoon ahead.(午休也有助于人们下午感觉更加机敏)”可知空格处是在讲午休的一个好处。根据相似结构可知B.It is to catch up on lost sleep.(它能补上失去的睡眠)符合语境,故选B。
【17题详解】
根据下句“If you need to be alert right after waking up, so-called "power naps" of 10-30 minutes are recommended. (如果你醒来后需要变得机敏，你最好休息10到30分钟)”可知，空格处将补充休息时间。F. However, you may want to consider how long you have to nap.(然而你可能要考虑你打盹的时间长短)符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上句“According to the research, they improve activation of the hippocampus—an area of the brain important for learning and memory. (研究表明：它们都能改善大脑中的学习和记忆区域)”可知，选项承接上文说明打盹对记忆力和学习的益处。故G.A one-to-two-hour nap benefits both motor skills and memory abilities. (1到2个小时的午休对人的学习技能和记忆力都有好处)”符合语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据下句“It's possible that they help the brain clean up sleep-inducing(诱导睡眠的)waste products that would otherwise hold up brain activity, (它们可能帮助大脑清理抑制大脑活动的诱导睡眠的废物)”可知此处分析打盹有好处的可能性原因，因此推知本段句首会提出疑问。因此E. Why short naps are so beneficial is not well understood(为什么短时间打盹如此有益还不清楚) 符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据下句“For instance, if the best performance is needed instantly afterwards, don't nap, (如果表演马上开始，此时不要打盹)”可知在有些情况下，打盹是不合适的。因此D. Naps should also be avoided in some situations(在有些情况下，打盹应该被避免) 符合语境。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A，B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Residents and emergency workers recovering from destruction caused by deadly tornadoes on December 10 in Kentucky recently had some support from White County. As many throughout the region ___21___ swiftly to provide aid to the affected communities, Cleveland police officer Justin Baldwin was among those ___22___ to help.
Baldwin ___23___ to take a carload of supplies to Kentucky for the relief efforts and told his coworkers about his ___24___ on Monday before leaving. As word of his plan ___25___ beyond the police department, strangers started donating money, supplies and their time to the ___26___. Water bottles, snacks and large cans of vegetables, as well as a (n) ___27___ amount of monetary (货币的) donations ___28___. The officer also ___29___ to see what was needed most in Kentucky. Then he went and bought four or five hundred dollars’ worth of children’s medicine.
By last Thursday, Baldwin had to ____30____ seats out of a 15-passenger van (面包车) to load the donations for ____31____ in a weekend trip. Mayfield High School has been turned into a distribution center to provide ____32____. Baldwin decided that would be the ____33____ place to set up his van to reach people.
Baldwin stayed in Kentucky for three days, ____34____ by the amount of generosity he witnessed in the county. Multiple trucks were waiting to come in — people were very generous and a lot of people had felt a ____35____ to do something.
21. A. shifted B. moved C. flew D. settled
22. A. determined. B. discouraged C. permitted D. expected
23. A. managed B. proceeded C. planned D. hesitated
24. A. doubt B. fear C. demand D. idea
25. A. spread B. failed C. changed D. delayed
26. A. role B. department C. cause D. innovation
27. A. substantial B. crucial C. influential D. partial
28. A. poured in B. swept away C. gave way D. ran out
29. A. explored B. checked C. intended D. applied
30. A. repair B. produce C. deliver D. remove
31. A. exchange B. entertainment C. consumption D. transport
32. A. shelters B. belongings C. gifts D. essentials
33. A. safe B. ideal C. distant D. legal
34. A. worn out B. blown away C. brought to life D. cast down
35. A. panic B. relief C. calling D. challenge
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了一名警察采取行动，帮助遭受龙卷风袭击的地区的人们。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于整个地区的许多人迅速采取行动向受影响的社区提供援助，克利夫兰警察贾斯汀鲍德温是那些决心提供帮助的人之一。A. shifted转移；B. moved采取行动；C. flew飞；D. settled解决。本句“to provide aid”可知大家迅速采取行动，提供帮助，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于整个地区的许多人迅速采取行动向受影响的社区提供援助，克利夫兰警察贾斯汀鲍德温是那些决心提供帮助的人之一。A. determined下定决心的；B. discouraged气馁的；C. permitted允许的；D. expected预期的。本句“moved swiftly to provide aid”可知大家迅速采取行动，提供帮助，大家都决心帮助，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲍德温计划将一车物资带到肯塔基州进行救援工作，并在周一离开前告诉了他的同事他的想法。A. managed管理；B. proceeded进行；C. planned计划；D. hesitated犹豫不决。本句“on Monday before leaving”可知在出发之前他打算这样做，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲍德温计划将一车物资带到肯塔基州进行救援工作，并在周一离开前告诉了他的同事他的想法。A. doubt怀疑；B. fear恐惧；C. demand需求；D. idea主意。本句“told his coworkers”可知他把他的计划告诉了他的同事，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着他的计划的消息传到警察局之外，陌生人开始为这项事业捐赠金钱、物资和时间。A. spread传播；B. failed失败；C. changed改变；D. delayed延迟。本句“strangers started donating money”可知陌生人捐钱，因为陌生人听说了他的计划，他的计划传开了，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着他的计划的消息传到警察局之外，陌生人开始为这项事业捐赠金钱、物资和时间。A. role角色；B. department部门；C. cause事业；D. innovation革新。上文“Cleveland police officer Justin Baldwin was among those determined to help”可知他要提供帮助，这是一项伟大的事业，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：水瓶、零食和大罐蔬菜，以及大量的货币捐款涌入。A. substantial大量的；B. crucial至关重要的；C. influential有影响的；D. partial部分的。本句“amount”可知这笔钱是一大笔钱，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：水瓶、零食和大罐蔬菜，以及大量的货币捐款涌入。A. poured in涌入；B. swept away扫除；C. gave way让位；D. ran out用完。本句“Water bottles, snacks and large cans of vegetables, as well as a substantial amount of monetary donations”可知，此处指大家的捐款一下子都涌来了，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该官员还检查了肯塔基州最需要什么。A. explored探索；B. checked检查；C. intended打算；D. applied应用。本句“to see what was needed most in Kentucky”可知这位警官要去核实最需要的物品是什么，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到上周四，鲍德温不得不从一辆可容纳 15 人的面包车上拆下座位，以便在周末旅行中装载捐赠的交通工具。A. repair修理；B. produce生产；C. deliver运送；D. remove消除。本句“seats out of a 15-passenger van (面包车) to load the donations”可知他要把面包车里的座位都拆掉，腾出空间来装载东西，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到上周四，鲍德温不得不从一辆可容纳 15 人的面包车上拆下座位，以便在周末旅行中装载捐赠的交通工具。A. exchange交换；B. entertainment娱乐；C. consumption消费；D. transport运输。本句“in a weekend trip”可知他要运东西上路，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：梅菲尔德高中已经变成了提供必需品的配送中心。A. shelters避难所；B. belongings财物；C. gifts礼物；D. essentials必需品。本句“a distribution center”可知配送中心在灾区会配送一些最基本的生活必需品，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鲍德温认为那将是设置他的面包车以接触人们的理想场所。A. safe安全的；B. ideal理想的；C. distant遥远的；D. legal合法的。上句“a distribution center to provide essentials”可知配送中心对这个景观来说是一个理想的地方，它可以在这里分发他募捐的一些东西，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：鲍德温在肯塔基州待了三天，被他在该县目睹的慷慨大度所震撼。A. worn out磨损；B. blown away感动；C. brought to life苏醒；D. cast down投下。本句“the amount of generosity he witnessed”可知他见到了很多慷慨事件的发生，他很感动，故选B。
35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多辆卡车正等着进来——人们非常慷慨，很多人都感到有做某事的呼召。A. panic恐慌；B. relief宽慰；C. calling呼唤；D. challenge挑战。本句“to do something”可知人们很慷慨，感到某种东西在召唤他们，必须做点什么来帮助这些受灾的人，故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For many people, bookstores remain an important part of the cityscape. They provide quiet and comforting spots for you ___36___ (refresh)the mind and body. But can you imagine ___37___ it is like to have a contemporary bookstore in an ancient village, deep in the mountains?
___38___ (found)in the city of Nanjing in 1996, Librairie Avant-Garde is a well-known bookstore brand in China. Since its ___39___ (establish), it has explored a cultural and creative business model, whose themes range from cultural salon or coffee and art gallery ___40___ elements of film, music, lifestyle and fashion.
One of its branches in Chenjiapu village in Lishui city, Zhejiang province, ___41___ (cover)300 square meters with about 30,000 books and related products. The store, located in a corner of the village, receives up to 50,000 visitors during the busiest travel season, with income this year already ___42___ (hit)1.5 million yuan($234,600).
The bookstore in Chenjiapu has become ___43___ must-see attraction. Chenjiapu ___44___ (it)is being praised as a demonstration zone for closing urban-rural development gaps and achieving common prosperity(繁荣).
The latest development efforts and achievements, including its “cliffside bookstore", show how the area is ____45____ (gradual)realizing its green, common prosperity dream, in line with the major concept that “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets(资产)”.
【答案】36. to refresh
37. what 38. Founded
39. establishment
40. to 41. covers
42. hitting
43. a 44. itself
45. gradually
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南京先锋书店的一家位于浙江省丽水市陈家铺村的分店成为一个必看景点，也被誉为一个缩小城乡发展和共同繁荣示范区。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们为你提供安静舒适的场所，让你提神醒脑。根据句意和分析句子可知，provide为句子谓语，设空处需用不定式作目的状语。故填to refresh。
【37题详解】
考查连接词。句意：但是你能想象在一个古老的深山里的村庄，有一家当代的书店是什么感觉？分析句子可知，设空处需用关系词引导宾语从句，根据句意“是什么感觉”可知，需用what作从句中介词like的宾语。故填what。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1996年，创建于南京城，南京先锋书店是一个在中国众所周知的书店品牌。分析句子可知，Librairie Avant-Garde为句子主语，is为句子谓语，设空处需用非谓语动词，再根据句意“(被)创建于南京城”可知，动词found与主语为动宾关系，需用过去分词作状语，表示被动意义。因为放于句首，故首字母需大写。故填Founded。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：从它创建以来，它一直探索一种文化创新的生意模式。根据句意和前文its可知，设空处需用名词，再因为establishment为不可数名词。故填establishment。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：它的主题从文化沙龙或者咖啡和艺术馆到电影，音乐，生活方式和时尚元素。根据句意和from…to…为固定短语，意为“从……到……”，故填to。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：浙江省丽水市陈家铺村的一家分店占地30平方米。分析句子可知，One of its branches为句子主语，设空处需用谓语动词，根据下文句子谓语receives用一般现在时可知，该空谓语动词也需用一般现在时描述客观情况，再根据主语为可数名词单数，谓语需用第三人称单数形式。故填covers。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这家店位于村子中心，在旅游旺季时接待游客多达5万人，今年收入已经达到150万元。with+宾语+宾补为with的固定用法，with的复合结构，再根据句意和分析句子可知设空处动词与宾语income为主动关系，需用现在分词作宾补，表示主动意义。故填hitting。
【43题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：陈家铺的这家书店已经成为一个必看景点。根据句意“一个必看景点”可知，设空处需用不定冠词修饰名词景点，根据下文must第一个音节为辅音，故需用不定冠词a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：陈家铺本身也被誉为一个缩小城乡发展和共同繁荣示范区。分析句子可知，Chenjiapu为句子主语，is being praised为句子谓语，再根据句意“陈家铺本身”可知，设空处需用反身代词作名词Chenjiapu的同位语，因为名词为物的单数形式，故用反身代词单数形式。故填itself。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：最新的发展和成就表明这个地区正在逐渐地实现它的绿色的共同繁荣的梦想，同时符合 “青山绿水就是金山银山” 的主要概念。根据句意和分析句子可知，设空处需填副词修饰动词realizing。故填gradually。
第三节单词拼写(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
根据汉语及首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。
46. Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre is quick, p________(实用) and easy.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】practical##ractical
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：做海姆利希动作是快速、实用和简单的。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示“实用”可知应填形容词practical，作表语。故填practical。
47. Snow thought the second theory was correct, but he still needed p________(证据). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】proofs##roofs
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：雪儿认为第二个理论是正确的，但他仍然需要证据。分析句子可知，需要名词做宾语；根据汉语提示和首字母，proof译为“证据”，复数符合语境，故填proofs。
【点睛】
48. The blue water i________(真正地)took their breath away with its exceptional beauty. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】indeed##ndeed
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：湛蓝的海水以其独特的美丽令他们惊叹不已。表示“真正地”用副词 indeed，在句中作状语，修饰动词。故填indeed。
49. In time, Tang Yin gained r________(赞誉；认可)as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】recognition##ecognition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：最终，唐寅被公认为中国有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一。根据句意以及首字母和汉语提示，空处应填recognition，表示“认可”，作动词gained的宾语。故填recognition。
50. In Japan, someone who witnesses another person e________(使用)the gesture for “OK” might think it means money. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】employing##mploying
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在日本，某人看到另一个人使用“OK”的手势可能会认为这意味着钱。分析句子可知缺少witness的补语；witness sb doing sth ,译为见证，看到某人做某事；故填employing。
【点睛】
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
51. 假设你是晨光中学的李华。一个美国学生Tony在抖音上录制了他在纽约和多国留学生一起庆祝中国春节的视频。请你根据以下要点对视频留言评论。
(1)表达自己看到视频后的心情；
(2)赞扬他们的庆祝方式(如包饺子)和富有中国元素的室内布置(如中国结)；
(3)询问他们如何庆祝别的国家的节日的。
注意：(1)字数不少于100字；
(2)庆祝方式和室内布置不仅限于所给提示；
(3)请适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
(参考词汇：饺子dumpling；中国结Chinese knot)
【答案】Dear Tony,
Having watched the video, I felt so excited. It is amazing that you are interested in the Chinese Spring Festival.
Firstly, what left me a deep impression was that you celebrated the festival by making dumplings, because it is the Chinese traditional food which represents the reunion of the family and the beginning of a new year in this special moment. In addition, the decorations in your room in the video really caught my eyes especially the Chinese knot, which is not only a symbol of getting together forever but also the best wishes for the good fortune in the coming year.
In the end, would you tell me something about how you celebrate the festival of other countries? I think it will help us enhance the understanding the diverse cultures.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，一个美国学生Tony在抖音上录制了他在纽约和多国留学生一起庆祝中国春节的视频，要求考生根据要点对视频留言评论。
【详解】1.词汇积累
运气：luck→fortune
提高：improve→enhance
惊讶的：surprising→amazing
感兴趣：take an interest in→be interested in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：People can easily communicate with each other in distant places.
拓展句：Although people are separated by the very far distance, they can easily communicate with each other.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Firstly, what left me a deep impression was that you celebrated the festival by making dumplings, because it is the Chinese traditional food which represents the reunion of the family and the beginning of a new year in this special moment. (运用了what引导主语从句和because引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] In the end, would you tell me something about how you celebrate the festival of other countries? (运用了how引导宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Winter break was approaching, and all Scott wanted to do was go snowboarding. Unfortunately, Scott's parents had different plans. They had booked a weeklong tropical cruise (热带船游). Scott hated warm weather and asked if he could just stay at his best friend's house so he could snowboard every day at the local mountain. His parents didn't want to hear anything of it. He kept debating them about the topic, but they would not change their minds. Family time was important to them, and it was tradition that they spend winter break together.
The week of the cruise arrived, and Scott continued to mumble (咕哝) his complaints as he and his family left their house to head south. Scott's dad told him that he would only make the vacation worse for himself if he didn't change his attitude and open his mind to a new experience. Scott still couldn't stop thinking about all of the snow he was leaving behind.
When they arrived at the port to board the ship, Scott had a hard time admitting that he was actually impressed with the size of the ship. He had seen the brochures but seeing the ship in person was a whole different animal. Then he remembered that the brochure said something about a surfing pool. Maybe surfing would be somewhat like snowboarding. After all, it involved riding a board.
Scott climbed aboard the ship with his parents, and then they walked around to check everything out. He couldn't believe how fancy the accommodations were. The dining room looked like a royal hall; the game room had all of his favorite games; the ship's deck (甲板) had several different swimming pools for different purposes. Then Scott saw the surfing pool. It was incredible. It wasn't a big pool, but it had big waves, and the young man who was demonstrating how to ride the waves made it look like a ton of fun.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Scott asked his parents if he could try surfing.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Gradually, Scott began to love the cruise.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Scott asked his parents if he could try surfing. They said, "Of course. And much to Scott's surprise, they wanted to try surfing too. When Scott and his parents had their swim suits on, Scott's dad went first and only lasted about five seconds before he wiped out.Then it was his mom's turn.She actually made it longer than his dad did. When it was Scott's turn, he was excited but a little bit nervous. He hopped on the board and took a stance similar to his snowboarding stance. Then the waves started. It felt similar to snowboarding but different at the same time. On his first ride, Scott rode for almost 30 seconds before wiping out.He was crazy about it though.
Gradually, Scott began to love the cruise. He got to know the people who often surfed there quite well. By the time the weeklong cruise was over, Scott had new friends he planned to keep in touch. Scott is the brave and lucky one since only eight percent of the experiencer or so really fell in love with it among a lot of the passengers who tried surfing the first day of the cruise. With a new hobby, and great memories, he apologized to his parents for earliest moaning and groaning and told them it was his best vacation ever.
【解析】
【分析】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了作者斯科特和父母像往常一样在寒假出去度假。但他想要滑雪，但父母却订了为期一周的热带船游。斯科特无奈妥协，但最终在体验的过程中爱上了这项新运动并结交了很多新朋友，度过了最开心的假期。
【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“斯科特问他的父母他是否可以尝试冲浪。”可知，第一段描述了斯科特和父母一起尝试冲浪的体验过程。
②由第二段首句内容“渐渐地，斯科特开始喜欢上了这次航行”可知，第二段可描写作者改变了自己的态度，从冲浪中获得了快乐且有了很多收获。
2.续写线索：
高二英语
注意事项:
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers doing?
A. Having a rest. B. Climbing up a hill. C. Waiting for someone.
2. When did the man see Jim?
A. At 3 o'clock. B. At 4 o'clock. C. At 5 o'clock.
3. What does the woman mean?
A. Andy finished his homework. B. Andy lost his workbook. C. Andy lied to the man.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a theater. B. In a shop. C. In a children's park.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A teacher. B. A movie C. A task.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man like?
A. He is unfashionable. B. He is impolite. C. He is unsociable.
7. What does the man think will probably make Sarah's parents shocked?
A. His clothes. B. His hair style. C. His job.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. The man's family life. B. The man's daily routine. C. The man's school activities.
9. What does the man usually do before doing his homework?
A. He has a snack. B. He watches TV. C. He talks with his sister.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the man doing?
A. Checking in. B. Booking rooms. C. Asking about the hotel.
11. Why does the man come to New York?
A. To take a holiday. B. To visit museums. C. To have a conference.
12. What will the man probably do later?
A. Buy a map. B. Have dinner. C. Meet a friend.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What month is it now?
A. July. B. August. C. September.
14. What is the woman going to do this September?
A. Start teaching. B. Join a club. C. Go to college.
15. Where did the woman teach children before?
A. In Prague. B. In London. C. In Manchester.
16. What does the woman's father probably think of her being a teacher?
A. Satisfying. B. Unwise. C. Strange.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the speaker focus on?
A. Her memory of a birthday. B. An organization for girls. C. The Guides' activities.
18. How old was the speaker going to be that weekend?
A. 10. B. 13. C. 14.
19 What surprised the speaker?
A. Her friends' turning up.
B. Her friends' staying up all the night.
C. Her friends' singing Happy Birthday.
20 What did they do after the party?
A. Play games. B. Go camping. C. Go bowling.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
There really are apps for everything-and some could end up saving your life.
Skin Vision
You will have to pay for this digital skin check app, either on an ad hoc (随时) or a subscription basis, but with an estimated fifth of skin cancers going undiagnosed during lockdown, it could be well worth it. You simply take a photo of any suspicious spot with your phone and you'll then receive a risk indication from Skin Vision within 30 seconds.
St John Ambulance First Aid
An app like this is more useful for saving someone else's life than your own, but arguably it's a necessity on your smartphone. It gives advice in dealing with emergencies, including choking, allergic reactions and performing CPR. You don't have to have an internet connection in order to use it.
What 3 words
This free download is one of a growing number of smartphone apps that could mean the difference between life and death. What 3 Words divides the world into 3×3 metre squares, giving each one a unique combination of three words. This allows emergency services-or anyone else you give the location to-to reach you. Used by the vast majority of emergency services in the UK, not to mention other control centres around the world, it has been credited with saving thousands of lives.
Lots of us use WhatsApp for messaging and calling, but do you know it also has a Live Location feature that can let a loved one know your whereabouts in case you' re in danger? You simply press the +key in a chat, select "Location", and then press "Share Live Location", which enables any participants in the chat to see your location in real time for the duration you choose.
1. How can Skin Vision help?
A. It offers medical check. B. It prevents skin cancer.
C. It gives cures for skin diseases. D. It examines the skin automatically.
2. Which app can benefit others more than yourself?
A. Skin Vision. B. St John Ambulance First Aid
C. What 3 words. D. WhatsApp.
3. What do What3words and WhatsApp have in common?
A. They are operated the same way.
B They can tell others where you are.
C. They belong to communication apps.
D. They are used by most emergency services.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四款能挽救你性命的应用程序。
1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“You simply take a photo of any suspicious spot with your phone and you'll then receive a risk indication from Skin Vision within 30 seconds.( 你只需用手机拍下任何可疑点的照片，你就会在30秒内收到Skin Vision的风险提示。)”可知，Skin Vision应用程序可以自动检查皮肤。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“An app like this is more useful for saving someone else's life than your own, but arguably it's a necessity on your smartphone. (像这样的应用程序在拯救别人的生命时比你自己的更有用，但可以说它是你智能手机上的必需品。)”可知，St John Ambulance First Aid这款应用软件给别人带来的好处远超我们自己。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“This allows emergency services-or anyone else you give the location to-to reach you. (这使得紧急服务——或者任何你提供位置的人——能够联系到你。)”和最后一段“ You simply press the +key in a chat, select "Location", and then press "Share Live Location", which enables any participants in the chat to see your location in real time for the duration you choose.( 你只需在聊天中按下+键，选择“位置”，然后按下“共享实时位置”，这可以让聊天中的任何参与者在你选择的时间内实时看到你的位置。)”可知，What 3 words and WhatsApp这两款应用软件的共同之处在于它们可以将你的位置告诉别人。故选B。
B
Cooking is Chris Spear's passion. He's been professionally cooking since he was 16. Over the years, he worked for big restaurants and reached a point where he had almost 100 employees reporting to him. That's when he missed flexibility and wanted to be more creative. So, he quit working for restaurants and set up his own catering (餐饮) company, Perfect Little Bites in Frederick, Maryland.
Spending long hours in the kitchen doesn't tire Spear, but he had often been concerned that becoming an independent chef would make him feel lonely. Spear said he wanted to find an arrangement that would be beneficial to all such groups but didn't cost them any money. That inspired him to found Chefs Without Restaurants, an online resource for chefs.
Now he has a Facebook group where he can post information about, for instance, a potential customer who wants to arrange a dinner in a given location and within a certain price range, and he can offer interested chefs more information. Customers can also benefit from this network. Spear is building a website where customers will be able to check out profiles of the Chefs Without Restaurants members, learn about their specialties and see what kinds of events they can cater, large or small.
Sharon Streb, owner of Oil & Vinegar Frederick which introduces cooking ideas and chefs to their customers, said small businesses should help one another succeed. "When other chefs and businesses come to my store, they get in front of our customers and hopefully we get in front of their customers. That's a win-win for both of us," she said. "It's tough out there for a small business, and not a lot of small businesses succeed. It's important that we can work together and be successful, both of us. "
That's the goal for Spear, who wants to carve out a space for independent chefs on the food map in the area.
4. Why did Spear start his own business?
A. He got tired of being a chef. B. He longed to help other chefs.
C. He wanted to make more profits. D. He sought not to be bound.
5. What is the original purpose of Chefs Without Restaurants?
A. To compete with other chefs. B. To provide training for chefs.
C. To share resources among chefs. D. To set up virtual restaurants.
6. What of the network will appeal to customers?
A. Data about chefs. B. Price ranges of dinners.
C. Locations of restaurants. D. Events held around.
7. What does the author intend to do by quoting Sharon Streb's words in paragraph 4?
A. Reveal the toughness of small businesses.
B. Stress the significance of Spear's work.
C. Call on other businesses to join the group.
D. Show customers' appreciation for Spear.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了克里斯·斯皮尔所创建的一个名为“没有餐厅的厨师”的在线资源，目的是在厨师之间共享资源。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Over the years, he worked for big restaurants and reached a point where he had almost 100 employees reporting to him. That's when he missed flexibility and wanted to be more creative. So, he quit working for restaurants and set up his own catering(餐饮)company,(多年来，他在大型餐厅工作，有近100名员工向他汇报工作。那时他失去了灵活性，想要更有创造力。所以，他辞掉了餐馆的工作，成立了自己的餐饮公司)”可知斯皮尔开创了自己的事业，因为他不想被束缚。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Spear said he wanted to find an arrangement that would be beneficial to all such groups but didn't cost them any money.That inspired him to found Chefs Without Restaurants, an online resource for chefs.(斯皮尔说，他想找到一种对所有这些群体都有利的安排，但又不花他们一分钱。这启发他创建了一个为厨师提供在线资源的“没有餐厅的厨师”)”可知“没有餐厅的厨师”的初衷是在厨师之间共享资源。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Spear is building a website where customers will be able to check out profiles of the Chefs Without Restaurants members, learn about their specialties and see what kinds of events they can cater, large or small. (斯皮尔正在建立一个网站，在这个网站上，顾客可以查看“无餐厅厨师”会员的资料，了解他们的专长，并了解他们可以承办的大型或小型活动。)”可知网络中关于厨师的数据会吸引顾客。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“It's tough out there for a small business, and not a lot of small businesses succeed. It's important that we can work together and be successful, both of us. "(对于小企业来说，这是艰难的，而且没有多少小企业能成功。重要的是我们能一起工作并且成功)”以及“small businesses should help one another succeed.(小型企业应该互相帮助取得成功。)”可知引用莎朗·斯特莱布的话来强调斯皮尔的工作的重要性。故选B。
C
Fed up dads are desperate for a revolution when it comes to parenting traditions-with millions of men wanting to spend more time with their new-born children. Shock new statistics show that almost two thirds of dads would be keen on taking much more time off work to spend with their children when they are first born.
Yet, while 62% of fathers say they want to use shared parental leave laws to get a more even split (份额) with mums, almost none of them have actually done so. A study from the University of Birmingham suggested that a number of factors are getting in the way. It pointed to workplace culture, social expectations and financial pressures all being serious barriers to progress.
Since April 2015, parents have been able to share up to 50 weeks to leave and 37 weeks of pay. Estimates suggest only one percent of couples have used the rules, suggesting old habits are proving hard to shift. Interestingly, mums are more lukewarm when it comes to change. A survey showed 41% of mums are open to a more equal split of time-but 42% are opposed to using the new laws. Only just 27% of dads are against the idea.
The survey findings come from a research by Legal & General. It surveyed over 1,000 UK parents with children up to the age of 16. It found, particularly among Generation Z — the newest and youngest age group of parents, 69% would like to split their parental leave either equally or more evenly. That compares to 54% of millennials (千禧一代).
It’s clear that there’s a strong appetite in the UK to make use of shared parental leave and that this far outweighs the current use of the scheme (方案).
8. Which may best describe most fathers’ situation concerning parenting?
A. Reality calls for hope. B. Ambition amounts to nothing.
C. Desire meets with hard facts. D. Hard work contributes to success.
9. Which of the following can replace the word “lukewarm” underlined in paragraph 3?
A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Anxious. D. Unwilling.
10. How does the author organize the text?
A. By giving examples. B. By explaining reasons.
C. By stating arguments. D. By providing research results.
11. What could be the best title?
A. Shared Parental Leave Laws B. Parenting Traditions
C. Appetite for a Parenting Revolution D. More Days Off, More Love
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在英国共享育儿假法的实施情况，以及不同人群对它的态度。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Shock new statistics show that almost two thirds of dads would be keen on taking much more time off work to spend with their children when they are first born.”(令人震惊的新统计数据显示，近三分之二的父亲希望在他们的孩子新出生时能抽出更多的时间陪孩子。)和第二段的“Yet, while 62% of fathers say they want to use shared parental leave laws to get a more even split(份额)with mums, almost none of them have actually done so.A study from the University of Birmingham suggested that a number of factors are getting in the way. It pointed to workplace culture, social expectations and financial pressures all being serious barriers to progress.(然而，尽管62%的父亲表示，他们希望通过共享育儿假法来与母亲更公平地分配产假，但他们中几乎没有人真的这么做了。伯明翰大学的一项研究表明，有很多因素在阻碍这一进程。报告指出，工作场所文化、社会期望和财务压力都是进步的严重障碍)”可知，虽然大多数父亲表达了愿意花时间照顾孩子的愿望，但受到了很多因素的阻碍。由此可知，大多数父亲的育儿现状是：期待遇到了残酷的事实。故选C项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“A survey showed 41% of mums are open to a more equal split of time-but 42% are opposed to using the new laws.”(一项调查显示，41%的妈妈愿意接受更平等的时间分配，但是42%的妈妈反对使用新法律。)可知，当谈到改变时，很多妈妈们是不愿意的，推测划线单词表示“不情愿的”，与unwilling同义。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，文章第一段提到数据统计，第二段提到伯明翰大学的研究，第三段提到一项调查，第四段提到研究的调查结果，所以作者是通过提供研究成果来组织文章的。故选D项。
【11题详解】
标题判断题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了共享育儿假法的实施情况，以及不同人权对它的态度。所以“共享育儿假法”可以作为文章标题。故选A项。
D
Antarctica's Thwaites Glacier has been in the spotlight in recent years, as scientists have undertaken a multi-part international project to study the vast glacier from all angles. The urgency comes from observations and analyses showing that the amount of ice flowing from Thwaites — and contributing to sea level rise — has doubled in the past three decades. Scientists think the glacier could witness even more dramatic changes in the near future.
This image pair demonstrates the changes that have occurred since the start of this century. The first image shows the glacier's floating ice tongue on December 2,2001. The second image shows the glacier on December 28, 2019. Both images show the glacier where it exits the land in West Antarctica and stretches over the Amundsen Sea as thick floating ice. Ice that originates on land can raise sea level if it is delivered to the ocean at a faster rate than it is being replaced inland by snowfall. The flow speed of Thwaites has been increasing, while inland snowfall has not changed significantly.
In the past ten years, the tongue has continued to break and separate from the Thwaites Eastern Ice Shelf. By the time the 2019 image was acquired, the main tongue had declined greatly, and the ocean in front of Thwaites had become filled with floating ice.
Thwaites pours about 50 billion tons of ice into the ocean each year. That amount is nothing to sneeze at. But for the time being, it's “still a relatively small amount of sea-level rise,” said Ted Scambos, a scientist at the University of Colorado. “What the satellites are showing us is a glacier coming apart," said Ted Scambos.” Every few years a new area seems to be letting go and speeding. Like taffy being stretched out, this glacier is being drawn into the ocean.”
12. What makes Antarctica's Thwaites Glacier a focus of attention?
A. Scientists' effort to protect it B. The rising sea level.
C. Change in floating ice quantity. D. The charm of its vast body.
13. What does paragraph 2 function as?
A. An example. B. An explanation. C. A conclusion. D. A summary.
14. How does Ted feel about the future of the glacier?
A. Unconcerned. B. Confused. C. Uncertain. D. Worried.
15. In which section of a website can this text be found?
A. Energy Frontier. B. Earth Observatory.
C. Climate Action. D. Space Exploration.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了南极洲的思韦茨冰川浮冰量在过去30年里增加了一倍，引起了人们的关注。文章通过两张照片来解释了这一变化，并说明了科学家对此的看法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Antarctica's Thwaites Glacier has been in the spotlight in recent years, as scientists have undertaken a multi-part international project to study the vast glacier from all angles. The urgency comes from observations and analyses showing that the amount of ice flowing from Thwaites—and contributing to sea level rise—has doubled in the past three decades. Scientists think the glacier could witness even more dramatic changes in the near future.(南极洲的思韦茨冰川近年来一直是人们关注的焦点，因为科学家们已经开始了一项由多个部分组成的国际项目，从各个角度研究这片巨大的冰川。这种紧迫性来自于观察和分析，这些观察和分析表明，从思韦特流出的冰的数量在过去30年里增加了一倍，而这些冰是导致海平面上升的因素之一。科学家们认为，在不久的将来，冰川可能会经历更剧烈的变化)”可知，浮冰量变化让南极洲的思韦茨冰川成为人们关注的焦点。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“This image pair demonstrates the changes that have occurred since the start of this century. The first image shows the glacier's floating ice tongue on December 2, 2001. The second image shows the glacier on December 28, 2019. Both images show the glacier where it exits the land in West Antarctica and stretches over the Amundsen Sea as thick floating ice. Ice that originates on land can raise sea level if it is delivered to the ocean at a faster rate than it is being replaced inland by snowfall. The flow speed of Thwaites has been increasing, while inland snowfall has not changed significantly.(这对图像展示了自本世纪初以来发生的变化。第一张图片显示的是2001年12月2日冰川漂浮的冰舌。第二张照片显示的是2019年12月28日的冰川。这两张图片都显示了冰川离开南极洲西部的陆地，以厚厚的浮冰的形式延伸到阿蒙森海。如果陆地上的冰以更快的速度流入海洋，而不是被降雪取代，那么海平面就会升高。思韦茨地区的降雪速度一直在增加，而内陆降雪变化不明显)”可推知，第二段的作用是解释照片，故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“"What the satellites are showing us is a glacier coming apart," said Ted Scambos. "Every few years a new area seems to be letting go and speeding. Like taffy being stretched out, this glacier is being drawn into the ocean.”(Ted Scambos说：“卫星向我们显示的是冰川正在分离。每隔几年，似乎就会有一个新的领域出现并加速发展。就像太妃糖被拉长一样，这座冰川正被拖进海洋。”)”可推知，泰德对冰川的未来感到担忧。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Antarctica's Thwaites Glacier has been in the spotlight in recent years, as scientists have undertaken a multi-part international project to study the vast glacier from all angles. The urgency comes from observations and analyses showing that the amount of ice flowing from Thwaites—and contributing to sea level rise—has doubled in the past three decades. Scientists think the glacier could witness even more dramatic changes in the near future.(南极洲的思韦茨冰川近年来一直是人们关注的焦点，因为科学家们已经开始了一项由多个部分组成的国际项目，从各个角度研究这片巨大的冰川。这种紧迫性来自于观察和分析，这些观察和分析表明，从思韦特流出的冰的数量在过去30年里增加了一倍，而这些冰是导致海平面上升的因素之一。科学家们认为，在不久的将来，冰川可能会经历更剧烈的变化)”结合文章主要说明了南极洲的思韦茨冰川浮冰量在过去30年里增加了一倍，引起了人们的关注。文章通过两张照片来解释了这一变化，并说明了科学家对此的看法。可推知，文章可能选自网站的“气候行动”部分。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people have a dependency on an afternoon nap. ___16___ It can also help them feel more alert (机敏的)for the afternoon ahead. Even Boris Johnson supposedly favors a power nap during his work day. Winston Churchill, Albert Einstein, and Leonardo Da Vinci were all famous nappers.
Napping is a great way to feel more rested and alert-and some research shows it car benefit our cognitive function. ___17___ If you need to be alert right after waking up, so-called "power naps" of 10-30 minutes are recommended.
While short naps are great for increasing energy, longer naps are more beneficial for learning. According to the research, they improve activation of the hippocampus—an area of the brain important for learning and memory. ___18___
___19___ It's possible that they help the brain clean up sleep-inducing (诱导睡眠的)waste products that would otherwise hold up brain activity, and that they refill the brain's energy stores. Short naps may also help improve your attention by letting particularly sleepy areas of the brain recover, hence preventing instability in the brain's networks.
Although napping has many positive short-term effects, they are not recommended for people who suffer from insomnia(失眠症). Because naps decrease sleepiness, they may make it harder to fall asleep when going to bed in the evening. ___20___ For instance, if the best performance is needed instantly afterwards, don't nap, as it may take some time to fully wake up.
A. But many more prefer not to
B. It is to catch up on lost sleep.
C. How has napping become so popular?
D. Naps should also be avoided in some situations
E. Why short naps are so beneficial is not well understood
F. However, you may want to consider how long you have to nap.
G. A one-to-two-hour nap benefits both motor skills and memory abilities.
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. G 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了打盹的好处。
【16题详解】
根据下句“It can also help them feel more alert(机敏的)for the afternoon ahead.(午休也有助于人们下午感觉更加机敏)”可知空格处是在讲午休的一个好处。根据相似结构可知B.It is to catch up on lost sleep.(它能补上失去的睡眠)符合语境,故选B。
【17题详解】
根据下句“If you need to be alert right after waking up, so-called "power naps" of 10-30 minutes are recommended. (如果你醒来后需要变得机敏，你最好休息10到30分钟)”可知，空格处将补充休息时间。F. However, you may want to consider how long you have to nap.(然而你可能要考虑你打盹的时间长短)符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上句“According to the research, they improve activation of the hippocampus—an area of the brain important for learning and memory. (研究表明：它们都能改善大脑中的学习和记忆区域)”可知，选项承接上文说明打盹对记忆力和学习的益处。故G.A one-to-two-hour nap benefits both motor skills and memory abilities. (1到2个小时的午休对人的学习技能和记忆力都有好处)”符合语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据下句“It's possible that they help the brain clean up sleep-inducing(诱导睡眠的)waste products that would otherwise hold up brain activity, (它们可能帮助大脑清理抑制大脑活动的诱导睡眠的废物)”可知此处分析打盹有好处的可能性原因，因此推知本段句首会提出疑问。因此E. Why short naps are so beneficial is not well understood(为什么短时间打盹如此有益还不清楚) 符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据下句“For instance, if the best performance is needed instantly afterwards, don't nap, (如果表演马上开始，此时不要打盹)”可知在有些情况下，打盹是不合适的。因此D. Naps should also be avoided in some situations(在有些情况下，打盹应该被避免) 符合语境。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A，B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Residents and emergency workers recovering from destruction caused by deadly tornadoes on December 10 in Kentucky recently had some support from White County. As many throughout the region ___21___ swiftly to provide aid to the affected communities, Cleveland police officer Justin Baldwin was among those ___22___ to help.
Baldwin ___23___ to take a carload of supplies to Kentucky for the relief efforts and told his coworkers about his ___24___ on Monday before leaving. As word of his plan ___25___ beyond the police department, strangers started donating money, supplies and their time to the ___26___. Water bottles, snacks and large cans of vegetables, as well as a (n) ___27___ amount of monetary (货币的) donations ___28___. The officer also ___29___ to see what was needed most in Kentucky. Then he went and bought four or five hundred dollars’ worth of children’s medicine.
By last Thursday, Baldwin had to ____30____ seats out of a 15-passenger van (面包车) to load the donations for ____31____ in a weekend trip. Mayfield High School has been turned into a distribution center to provide ____32____. Baldwin decided that would be the ____33____ place to set up his van to reach people.
Baldwin stayed in Kentucky for three days, ____34____ by the amount of generosity he witnessed in the county. Multiple trucks were waiting to come in — people were very generous and a lot of people had felt a ____35____ to do something.
21. A. shifted B. moved C. flew D. settled
22. A. determined. B. discouraged C. permitted D. expected
23. A. managed B. proceeded C. planned D. hesitated
24. A. doubt B. fear C. demand D. idea
25. A. spread B. failed C. changed D. delayed
26. A. role B. department C. cause D. innovation
27. A. substantial B. crucial C. influential D. partial
28. A. poured in B. swept away C. gave way D. ran out
29. A. explored B. checked C. intended D. applied
30. A. repair B. produce C. deliver D. remove
31. A. exchange B. entertainment C. consumption D. transport
32. A. shelters B. belongings C. gifts D. essentials
33. A. safe B. ideal C. distant D. legal
34. A. worn out B. blown away C. brought to life D. cast down
35. A. panic B. relief C. calling D. challenge
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了一名警察采取行动，帮助遭受龙卷风袭击的地区的人们。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于整个地区的许多人迅速采取行动向受影响的社区提供援助，克利夫兰警察贾斯汀鲍德温是那些决心提供帮助的人之一。A. shifted转移；B. moved采取行动；C. flew飞；D. settled解决。本句“to provide aid”可知大家迅速采取行动，提供帮助，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于整个地区的许多人迅速采取行动向受影响的社区提供援助，克利夫兰警察贾斯汀鲍德温是那些决心提供帮助的人之一。A. determined下定决心的；B. discouraged气馁的；C. permitted允许的；D. expected预期的。本句“moved swiftly to provide aid”可知大家迅速采取行动，提供帮助，大家都决心帮助，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲍德温计划将一车物资带到肯塔基州进行救援工作，并在周一离开前告诉了他的同事他的想法。A. managed管理；B. proceeded进行；C. planned计划；D. hesitated犹豫不决。本句“on Monday before leaving”可知在出发之前他打算这样做，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲍德温计划将一车物资带到肯塔基州进行救援工作，并在周一离开前告诉了他的同事他的想法。A. doubt怀疑；B. fear恐惧；C. demand需求；D. idea主意。本句“told his coworkers”可知他把他的计划告诉了他的同事，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着他的计划的消息传到警察局之外，陌生人开始为这项事业捐赠金钱、物资和时间。A. spread传播；B. failed失败；C. changed改变；D. delayed延迟。本句“strangers started donating money”可知陌生人捐钱，因为陌生人听说了他的计划，他的计划传开了，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着他的计划的消息传到警察局之外，陌生人开始为这项事业捐赠金钱、物资和时间。A. role角色；B. department部门；C. cause事业；D. innovation革新。上文“Cleveland police officer Justin Baldwin was among those determined to help”可知他要提供帮助，这是一项伟大的事业，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：水瓶、零食和大罐蔬菜，以及大量的货币捐款涌入。A. substantial大量的；B. crucial至关重要的；C. influential有影响的；D. partial部分的。本句“amount”可知这笔钱是一大笔钱，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：水瓶、零食和大罐蔬菜，以及大量的货币捐款涌入。A. poured in涌入；B. swept away扫除；C. gave way让位；D. ran out用完。本句“Water bottles, snacks and large cans of vegetables, as well as a substantial amount of monetary donations”可知，此处指大家的捐款一下子都涌来了，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该官员还检查了肯塔基州最需要什么。A. explored探索；B. checked检查；C. intended打算；D. applied应用。本句“to see what was needed most in Kentucky”可知这位警官要去核实最需要的物品是什么，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到上周四，鲍德温不得不从一辆可容纳 15 人的面包车上拆下座位，以便在周末旅行中装载捐赠的交通工具。A. repair修理；B. produce生产；C. deliver运送；D. remove消除。本句“seats out of a 15-passenger van (面包车) to load the donations”可知他要把面包车里的座位都拆掉，腾出空间来装载东西，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到上周四，鲍德温不得不从一辆可容纳 15 人的面包车上拆下座位，以便在周末旅行中装载捐赠的交通工具。A. exchange交换；B. entertainment娱乐；C. consumption消费；D. transport运输。本句“in a weekend trip”可知他要运东西上路，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：梅菲尔德高中已经变成了提供必需品的配送中心。A. shelters避难所；B. belongings财物；C. gifts礼物；D. essentials必需品。本句“a distribution center”可知配送中心在灾区会配送一些最基本的生活必需品，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鲍德温认为那将是设置他的面包车以接触人们的理想场所。A. safe安全的；B. ideal理想的；C. distant遥远的；D. legal合法的。上句“a distribution center to provide essentials”可知配送中心对这个景观来说是一个理想的地方，它可以在这里分发他募捐的一些东西，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：鲍德温在肯塔基州待了三天，被他在该县目睹的慷慨大度所震撼。A. worn out磨损；B. blown away感动；C. brought to life苏醒；D. cast down投下。本句“the amount of generosity he witnessed”可知他见到了很多慷慨事件的发生，他很感动，故选B。
35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多辆卡车正等着进来——人们非常慷慨，很多人都感到有做某事的呼召。A. panic恐慌；B. relief宽慰；C. calling呼唤；D. challenge挑战。本句“to do something”可知人们很慷慨，感到某种东西在召唤他们，必须做点什么来帮助这些受灾的人，故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For many people, bookstores remain an important part of the cityscape. They provide quiet and comforting spots for you ___36___ (refresh)the mind and body. But can you imagine ___37___ it is like to have a contemporary bookstore in an ancient village, deep in the mountains?
___38___ (found)in the city of Nanjing in 1996, Librairie Avant-Garde is a well-known bookstore brand in China. Since its ___39___ (establish), it has explored a cultural and creative business model, whose themes range from cultural salon or coffee and art gallery ___40___ elements of film, music, lifestyle and fashion.
One of its branches in Chenjiapu village in Lishui city, Zhejiang province, ___41___ (cover)300 square meters with about 30,000 books and related products. The store, located in a corner of the village, receives up to 50,000 visitors during the busiest travel season, with income this year already ___42___ (hit)1.5 million yuan($234,600).
The bookstore in Chenjiapu has become ___43___ must-see attraction. Chenjiapu ___44___ (it)is being praised as a demonstration zone for closing urban-rural development gaps and achieving common prosperity(繁荣).
The latest development efforts and achievements, including its “cliffside bookstore", show how the area is ____45____ (gradual)realizing its green, common prosperity dream, in line with the major concept that “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets(资产)”.
【答案】36. to refresh
37. what 38. Founded
39. establishment
40. to 41. covers
42. hitting
43. a 44. itself
45. gradually
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南京先锋书店的一家位于浙江省丽水市陈家铺村的分店成为一个必看景点，也被誉为一个缩小城乡发展和共同繁荣示范区。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们为你提供安静舒适的场所，让你提神醒脑。根据句意和分析句子可知，provide为句子谓语，设空处需用不定式作目的状语。故填to refresh。
【37题详解】
考查连接词。句意：但是你能想象在一个古老的深山里的村庄，有一家当代的书店是什么感觉？分析句子可知，设空处需用关系词引导宾语从句，根据句意“是什么感觉”可知，需用what作从句中介词like的宾语。故填what。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1996年，创建于南京城，南京先锋书店是一个在中国众所周知的书店品牌。分析句子可知，Librairie Avant-Garde为句子主语，is为句子谓语，设空处需用非谓语动词，再根据句意“(被)创建于南京城”可知，动词found与主语为动宾关系，需用过去分词作状语，表示被动意义。因为放于句首，故首字母需大写。故填Founded。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：从它创建以来，它一直探索一种文化创新的生意模式。根据句意和前文its可知，设空处需用名词，再因为establishment为不可数名词。故填establishment。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：它的主题从文化沙龙或者咖啡和艺术馆到电影，音乐，生活方式和时尚元素。根据句意和from…to…为固定短语，意为“从……到……”，故填to。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：浙江省丽水市陈家铺村的一家分店占地30平方米。分析句子可知，One of its branches为句子主语，设空处需用谓语动词，根据下文句子谓语receives用一般现在时可知，该空谓语动词也需用一般现在时描述客观情况，再根据主语为可数名词单数，谓语需用第三人称单数形式。故填covers。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这家店位于村子中心，在旅游旺季时接待游客多达5万人，今年收入已经达到150万元。with+宾语+宾补为with的固定用法，with的复合结构，再根据句意和分析句子可知设空处动词与宾语income为主动关系，需用现在分词作宾补，表示主动意义。故填hitting。
【43题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：陈家铺的这家书店已经成为一个必看景点。根据句意“一个必看景点”可知，设空处需用不定冠词修饰名词景点，根据下文must第一个音节为辅音，故需用不定冠词a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：陈家铺本身也被誉为一个缩小城乡发展和共同繁荣示范区。分析句子可知，Chenjiapu为句子主语，is being praised为句子谓语，再根据句意“陈家铺本身”可知，设空处需用反身代词作名词Chenjiapu的同位语，因为名词为物的单数形式，故用反身代词单数形式。故填itself。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：最新的发展和成就表明这个地区正在逐渐地实现它的绿色的共同繁荣的梦想，同时符合 “青山绿水就是金山银山” 的主要概念。根据句意和分析句子可知，设空处需填副词修饰动词realizing。故填gradually。
第三节单词拼写(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
根据汉语及首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。
46. Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre is quick, p________(实用) and easy.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】practical##ractical
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：做海姆利希动作是快速、实用和简单的。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示“实用”可知应填形容词practical，作表语。故填practical。
47. Snow thought the second theory was correct, but he still needed p________(证据). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】proofs##roofs
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：雪儿认为第二个理论是正确的，但他仍然需要证据。分析句子可知，需要名词做宾语；根据汉语提示和首字母，proof译为“证据”，复数符合语境，故填proofs。
【点睛】
48. The blue water i________(真正地)took their breath away with its exceptional beauty. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】indeed##ndeed
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：湛蓝的海水以其独特的美丽令他们惊叹不已。表示“真正地”用副词 indeed，在句中作状语，修饰动词。故填indeed。
49. In time, Tang Yin gained r________(赞誉；认可)as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】recognition##ecognition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：最终，唐寅被公认为中国有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一。根据句意以及首字母和汉语提示，空处应填recognition，表示“认可”，作动词gained的宾语。故填recognition。
50. In Japan, someone who witnesses another person e________(使用)the gesture for “OK” might think it means money. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】employing##mploying
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在日本，某人看到另一个人使用“OK”的手势可能会认为这意味着钱。分析句子可知缺少witness的补语；witness sb doing sth ,译为见证，看到某人做某事；故填employing。
【点睛】
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
51. 假设你是晨光中学的李华。一个美国学生Tony在抖音上录制了他在纽约和多国留学生一起庆祝中国春节的视频。请你根据以下要点对视频留言评论。
(1)表达自己看到视频后的心情；
(2)赞扬他们的庆祝方式(如包饺子)和富有中国元素的室内布置(如中国结)；
(3)询问他们如何庆祝别的国家的节日的。
注意：(1)字数不少于100字；
(2)庆祝方式和室内布置不仅限于所给提示；
(3)请适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
(参考词汇：饺子dumpling；中国结Chinese knot)
【答案】Dear Tony,
Having watched the video, I felt so excited. It is amazing that you are interested in the Chinese Spring Festival.
Firstly, what left me a deep impression was that you celebrated the festival by making dumplings, because it is the Chinese traditional food which represents the reunion of the family and the beginning of a new year in this special moment. In addition, the decorations in your room in the video really caught my eyes especially the Chinese knot, which is not only a symbol of getting together forever but also the best wishes for the good fortune in the coming year.
In the end, would you tell me something about how you celebrate the festival of other countries? I think it will help us enhance the understanding the diverse cultures.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，一个美国学生Tony在抖音上录制了他在纽约和多国留学生一起庆祝中国春节的视频，要求考生根据要点对视频留言评论。
【详解】1.词汇积累
运气：luck→fortune
提高：improve→enhance
惊讶的：surprising→amazing
感兴趣：take an interest in→be interested in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：People can easily communicate with each other in distant places.
拓展句：Although people are separated by the very far distance, they can easily communicate with each other.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Firstly, what left me a deep impression was that you celebrated the festival by making dumplings, because it is the Chinese traditional food which represents the reunion of the family and the beginning of a new year in this special moment. (运用了what引导主语从句和because引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] In the end, would you tell me something about how you celebrate the festival of other countries? (运用了how引导宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Winter break was approaching, and all Scott wanted to do was go snowboarding. Unfortunately, Scott's parents had different plans. They had booked a weeklong tropical cruise (热带船游). Scott hated warm weather and asked if he could just stay at his best friend's house so he could snowboard every day at the local mountain. His parents didn't want to hear anything of it. He kept debating them about the topic, but they would not change their minds. Family time was important to them, and it was tradition that they spend winter break together.
The week of the cruise arrived, and Scott continued to mumble (咕哝) his complaints as he and his family left their house to head south. Scott's dad told him that he would only make the vacation worse for himself if he didn't change his attitude and open his mind to a new experience. Scott still couldn't stop thinking about all of the snow he was leaving behind.
When they arrived at the port to board the ship, Scott had a hard time admitting that he was actually impressed with the size of the ship. He had seen the brochures but seeing the ship in person was a whole different animal. Then he remembered that the brochure said something about a surfing pool. Maybe surfing would be somewhat like snowboarding. After all, it involved riding a board.
Scott climbed aboard the ship with his parents, and then they walked around to check everything out. He couldn't believe how fancy the accommodations were. The dining room looked like a royal hall; the game room had all of his favorite games; the ship's deck (甲板) had several different swimming pools for different purposes. Then Scott saw the surfing pool. It was incredible. It wasn't a big pool, but it had big waves, and the young man who was demonstrating how to ride the waves made it look like a ton of fun.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Scott asked his parents if he could try surfing.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Gradually, Scott began to love the cruise.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Scott asked his parents if he could try surfing. They said, "Of course. And much to Scott's surprise, they wanted to try surfing too. When Scott and his parents had their swim suits on, Scott's dad went first and only lasted about five seconds before he wiped out.Then it was his mom's turn.She actually made it longer than his dad did. When it was Scott's turn, he was excited but a little bit nervous. He hopped on the board and took a stance similar to his snowboarding stance. Then the waves started. It felt similar to snowboarding but different at the same time. On his first ride, Scott rode for almost 30 seconds before wiping out.He was crazy about it though.
Gradually, Scott began to love the cruise. He got to know the people who often surfed there quite well. By the time the weeklong cruise was over, Scott had new friends he planned to keep in touch. Scott is the brave and lucky one since only eight percent of the experiencer or so really fell in love with it among a lot of the passengers who tried surfing the first day of the cruise. With a new hobby, and great memories, he apologized to his parents for earliest moaning and groaning and told them it was his best vacation ever.
【解析】
【分析】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了作者斯科特和父母像往常一样在寒假出去度假。但他想要滑雪，但父母却订了为期一周的热带船游。斯科特无奈妥协，但最终在体验的过程中爱上了这项新运动并结交了很多新朋友，度过了最开心的假期。
【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“斯科特问他的父母他是否可以尝试冲浪。”可知，第一段描述了斯科特和父母一起尝试冲浪的体验过程。
②由第二段首句内容“渐渐地，斯科特开始喜欢上了这次航行”可知，第二段可描写作者改变了自己的态度，从冲浪中获得了快乐且有了很多收获。
2.续写线索：
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