精品解析：江苏省海门中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期末质量调研英语试题

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江苏省海门中学2021-2022学年上学期期末质量调研
高二英语
(考试时间：120分钟满分：150分)
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题导和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铝笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并回交。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What happened to the man?
A．He forgot to return the book.
B．He bought the wrong book
C．He lost his English book.
2．Flow much should the man pay in total?
A．$100. B．$600. C．$700.
3．What does the man mead?
A．The woman is mistaken.
B．He waits in the wrong place.
C．The woman should get another job.
4．Who is the woman probably?
A．A tourist. B．A reporter. C．A tour guide.
5．Where are the speakers probably7
A．In a gym. B．In an office. C．n a restaurant.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7题。
6．Why is the man going to Houston tomorrow?
A．To visit a friend. B．To have a trip. C．To go on. business.
7．What will the man do next?
A．Have dinner. B．Go home. C．Take a walk.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题，
8．What is the woman choosing the hotel for？
A．A holiday. B．A meeting. C．A training course.
9．What is good about the Grand according to the woman?
A．It has a wonderful view.
B．It offers free books to read.
C．It provides a &eat breakfast.
10．How does the man sound at the end of the conversation?
A．Excited. B．Annoyed. C．Relaxed.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。
11．What does the woman plan to do?
A．Learn about a sport.
B．Start her business.
C．Organize a team
12．Why does the man recommend Nathan?
A．He's a man of many parts.
B．He's young and clever.
C．He's full of energy.
13．What do we know about Georgie?
A．She is Matt's sister.
B．She appeared in a film.
C．She studies music at college
听下面一段对话，回答第14至16题。
14．What is the woman doing?
A．Hosting a program.
B．Chatting w:ith a friend.
C．Conducting an interview.
15．What did Simon like doing in the coffee shop?
A．Making coffee. B．Serving customers. C．Collecting payment.
16．What was the old lady angry about'?
A．The slow service.
B．The taste of the sandwich.
C．The temperature of the coffee.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。
17．Why did the speaker seldom run during childhood'?
A．He had no money to buy running shoes.
B．He took no interest in running.
C．He was busy with his study.
18．How many marathons did the speaker attend?
A．10. B．15. C．20.
19．Where did the speaker first practice running？
A．In school. B．At his workplace. C．Around his block.
20．What does the speaker talk about at the end?
A．When to run. B．Why to run. C．How to run.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和 D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Best Sleep Music Apps
If you're in search of a better night's sleep, trying a sleep music app might be the answer. Here are some sleep music apps to choose from.
Calm
Calm has an impressively large library of relaxation and sleep-causing sounds. It stands out for providing the newest collection of modern music from popular artists. This app offers a free version, but to really take advantage of what Calm has to offer, you had better choose the paid version, which costs $69.99 for one year. A lifetime membership is $399.99.
Headspace
Headspace is an app designed in the simplest way that makes it quick and easy to use its library of sleep-specific music, so it is friendly to old people. Helpful suggestions point out features like how to set a timer without making you feel the app difficult to use. Headspace only costs $39.99 yearly.
Relax Melodies
Relax Melodies is designed to calm your mind with relaxing sounds. “Discover” page helps you find some app features, like bedtime stories and breathing exercises. Though its free version provides a great introduction to the idea Of sleep music, the paid version unlocks a larger library of sounds. It only costs $49.99 yearly or you can pay $8.99 a month.
Pzizz
One thing that sets Pzizz apart is that you can choose different voice narrations. If you find the presence of a voice to be comforting or benefit from someone helping you to relax your mind and body, then Pzizz is the right choice for you. The voice is low and calm. For those struggling with loneliness, a sleep music app with narration is a choice to consider. Monthly costs for it are $7.99, yearly $49.99 and lifetime $249.99.
1. What makes Calm more attractive to people?
A. The characters of its free version. B. The low cost of a lifetime membership.
C. Newest modem music from popular artists. D. The large amount of music from its free version.
2. Which app would you recommend to your grandparents?
A. Calm. B. Headspace. C. Relax Melodies. D. Pzizz.
3. What can you do with Pzizz?
A. Learn to calm your mind and body. B. Chat with someone before sleep.
C. Create the voice you like best. D. Listen to the voice you like best.
【1~3题答案】
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款睡眠音乐应用程序，介绍了它们各自的特色以及价格等信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Calm部分中“It stands out for providing the newest collection of modern music from popular artists.(它因提供流行艺术家的最新现代音乐收藏而脱颖而出)”可知，最新的流行艺术家的现代音乐让Calm对人们更有吸引力。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Headspace部分中“Headspace is an app designed in the simplest way that makes it quick and easy to use its library of sleep-specific music, so it is friendly to old people. (Headspace是一款以最简单的方式设计的应用程序，它可以快速方便地使用它的睡眠专用音乐库，所以它对老年人很友好)”可知，你可以向你的祖父母推荐Headspace应用程序。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“One thing that sets Pzizz apart is that you can choose different voice narrations. If you find the presence of a voice to be comforting or benefit from someone helping you to relax your mind and body, then Pzizz is the right choice for you.( Pzizz与众不同的一点是，你可以选择不同的语音叙述。如果你觉得声音的存在是一种安慰，或者从有人帮助你放松身心中受益，那么Pzizz是你的正确选择)”可知，你能用Pzizz创造你最喜欢的声音。故选C。
B
Marcelo Toledo usually creates sculptures! and jewelry out of metal. Now the Argentine artist is working with a new material: waste from the COVID-19 pandemic (大流行病). such as masks, to create an exhibition exploring the painful impact of the virus.
Toledo, who has made jewelry for the musical “Evita” on Broadway and unique pieces for many famous people, was among the first in Argentina to be infected with COVID-19, which left him hospitalized for eight days. The experience had a great effect on his life and led to a series of artworks, including a 14-meter mask with the Argentine flag that he placed on the famous obelisk (方尖纪念碑) in Buenos Aires to raise awareness about organ (器官) donation during the pandemic.
For his new exhibition, the “Museum of the After”, Toledo is collecting recycled waste from the COVID-19 sent by hospitals, laboratories and strangers, including old medical parts and newspapers about the pandemic.
“I am excited to be able to turn pain into beauty and this exhibition is just recording everything that is happening to us as a society,” Toledo said. The artworks, which will go on show from September in a public space in downtown Buenos Aires, will all be made from waste materials or garbage that people send him. “It is the first time that I have done an exhibition in which I do not have to buy any of the elements,” he said.
In the exhibition there will be a real ship that will symbolically cross a “storm” and recycling islands to raise awareness about the importance of caring for the environment. “The exhibition will tell the story of this ship that went sailing and was stranded (搁浅) by a storm, which is a great metaphor for what is happening to us. This pandemic is a great global storm,” Toledo said.
As with the huge mask, which was replicated (复制) in countries such as the United States and Japan, the artist dreams of replicating the new exhibition in other cities around the world.
4. What inspired Toledo to make the 14-meter mask?
A. His hospital stay. B. His Broadway experiences.
C. His fear of the pandemic. D. His research on organ donation.
5. What can we learn about the artworks in the “Museum of the After”?
A. They will be exhibited in hospitals.
B. They are greatly praised by the public.
C. They are created by people from all walks of life.
D. They are made out of rubbish about the pandemic.
6. What is Toledo trying to express with the story of the ship?
A. Our awareness of environmental protection is improving.
B. We should make every effort to defeat the pandemic.
C. Our irresponsible behavior leads to natural disasters.
D. We suffer a lot from the COVID-19 pandemic.
7. What does Toledo hope to do?
A. Make more huge masks.
B. Host exhibitions on different themes.
C. Reproduce his exhibition in other places.
D. Collect exhibition elements from around the world.
【4~7题答案】
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一个艺术家把由新冠肺炎产生一些废品变为艺术品的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段“Toledo, who has made jewelry for the musical “Evita” on Broadway and unique pieces for many famous people, was among the first in Argentina to be infected with COVID-19, which left him hospitalized for eight days. The experience had a great effect on his life and led to a series of artworks, including a 14-meter mask with the Argentine flag that he placed on the famous obelisk (方尖纪念碑) in Buenos Aires to raise awareness about organ (器官) donation during the pandemic.(托莱多曾为百老汇音乐剧《埃维塔》制作首饰，并为许多名人制作独特的作品。他是阿根廷最早感染新冠病毒的人之一，住院8天。这一经历对他的生活产生了巨大的影响，并导致了一系列艺术作品，包括一个14米高的印有阿根廷国旗的面具，他把它放在布宜诺斯艾利斯著名的方尖碑上，以提高人们在疫情期间对器官捐赠的意识。)”可知，是他因感染新冠而住院的经历，使他做了这副14米的口罩。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“For his new exhibition, the “Museum of the After”, Toledo is collecting recycled waste from the COVID-19 sent by hospitals, laboratories and strangers, including old medical parts and newspapers about the pandemic.(为了他的新展览“之后博物馆”，托莱多正在收集医院、实验室和陌生人送来的COVID-19回收垃圾，包括旧医疗部件和关于大流行的报纸。)”可知，这些艺术品都是由与冠状病毒大流行有关的废品制成的。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由第五段“The exhibition will tell the story of this ship that went sailing and was stranded (搁浅) by a storm, which is a great metaphor for what is happening to us. This pandemic is a great global storm,(展览将讲述这艘航行途中被风暴搁浅的船的故事，这正是对发生在我们身上的事情的一个很好的比喻。这场流行病是一场巨大的全球风暴。)”可推知，Toledo用在风暴中搁浅的船的故事来表达2019冠状病毒病大流行给我们带来了巨大的痛苦。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。由最后一段“As with the huge mask, which was replicated (复制) in countries such as the United States and Japan, the artist dreams of replicating the new exhibition in other cities around the world.(随着这个巨大的面具在美国和日本等国家被复制，这位艺术家梦想在世界各地的其他城市复制新的展览。)”可知，托莱多希望在其他地方重现他的展览。故选C。
C
Facebook says it is ending its facial recognition system that automatically identifies users in pictures and videos in the coming weeks. The company’s vice president of Artificial Intelligence, Jerome Pesenti, announced the change this week in a statement on the company’s website.
The move comes as the social media service faces accusations that it failed to take action to protect users even though its own research suggested its products can be harmful. In the past, Facebook also faced widespread criticism for not doing enough to protect the privacy (隐私) of its users.
“This change will represent one of the largest shifts in facial recognition usage in the technology’s history,” Pesenti said in his statement. As a result, “more than a billion people’s individual facial recognition templates (模板)” will be removed, the statement added. Facebook has said that more than a third of Facebook’s daily active users have given their permission to have their faces recognized by the social network’s system. That represents about 640 million people worldwide.
Facebook first started offering facial recognition about 10 years ago. But over time, it has made it easier for users to opt out of the system as it faced more pressure from courts and government officials.
Pesenti said the company still sees facial recognition technology as a powerful tool. But he noted that the situations where it can be helpful “need to be weighed against growing concerns about this technology as a whole.” He said examples of acceptable uses of the technology would be to confirm a person’s identity or prevent fraudulent (欺骗的) activities. He added that Facebook will continue working on facial recognition for such uses and will seek out the opinions of outside experts before deciding on how it will use the technology in the future.
Kristen Martin is a professor of technology ethics (伦理学) at the University of Notre Dame in Indiana. She said that Facebook’s decision to shut down the system “is a good example of trying to make product decisions that are good for the users and the company”. She added that the move also proves the power of public and regulatory pressure, since the facial recognition system has long been the subject of strong criticism.
8. Why does Facebook face a lot of accusations?
A. It may restrict users’ access to ii. B. It can reveal users’ false identities.
C. It fails to protect its users’ privacy. D. It refuses to provide help for users.
9. What does the underlined part “opt out of” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Withdraw from. B. Suffer from C. Compete in. D. Engage in.
10. What does Jerome Pesenti think of facial recognition technology？
A. It gets away from public pressure. B. It should be closed on social media
C. It wins the strong support of the public. D. It is useful but needs to be improved.
11. What is Kristen Martin’s attitude towards Facebook’s decision?
A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Negative. D. Indifferent.
【8~11题答案】
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述因为用户投诉未能保护好他们的隐私权，Facebook将在未来几周内结束自动识别图片和视频用户的面部识别系统。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The move comes as the social media service faces accusations that it failed to take action to protect users even though its own research suggested its products can be harmful. In the past, Facebook also faced widespread criticism for not doing enough to protect the privacy (隐私) of its users.”(此举正值社交媒体服务公司面临指控，称尽管其自己的研究表明产品可能有害，但社交媒体服务公司仍未能采取行动保护用户。过去，Facebook也因在保护用户隐私方面做得不够而受到广泛批评。)可知，Facebook面临指控是因为未能保护好客户的隐私。故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线短语所在句“But over time, it has made it easier for users to opt out of the system as it faced more pressure from courts and government officials”(但随着时间的推移，它让用户更容易选择opt out of该系统，因为它面临着来自法院和政府官员的更多压力)中the system和as可知上下文有因果关系，因为来自法院和政府官员的压力，所以Facebook让用户选择退出该系统变得更容易，由此推知“opt out of”的意思为“退出”。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句话“But he noted that the situations where it can be helpful ‘need to be weighed against growing concerns about this technology as a whole.’”(但他也指出，在哪些情况下面部识别可能会有所帮助需要与人们对这项技术日益增长的担忧进行整体的权衡。)以及最后一句话“He added that Facebook will continue working on facial recognition for such uses and will seek out the opinions of outside experts before deciding on how it will use the technology in the future.”(他补充说，Facebook将继续致力于人脸识别的此类应用，并将在决定未来如何使用该技术之前征求外部专家的意见。)可推知，Jerome Pesenti认为人脸识别系统在某些方面是有用的，但是还需要进一步的改进并征求外部专家的意见。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三句话“She said that Facebook’s decision to shut down the system ‘is a good example of trying to make product decisions that are good for the users and the company’.”(她说，Facebook关闭该系统的决定“是一个很好的例子，表明它试图做出有利于用户和公司的产品决策”。)可知，Kristen Martin觉得Facebook关闭该系统的决定是明智的，说明她对Facebook的决定持积极的态度。故选B。
D
Behavioral ecologist Diane Colombelli-Négrel was wiring the nests of superb fairy-wrens (细尾鹩莺) to record the birds’ sounds when she noticed something odd. Mothers sang while hatching (孵化) their eggs, even though keeping quiet would avoid attracting predators (捕食者). That early discovery “was a bit of an accident”, says Colombelli-Négrel, of Flinders University in Adelaide, Australia. It made her wonder: Could the baby birds be learning sounds, or even songs, before hatching?
Scientists have long thought about how early in development individuals learn to perceive distinct sounds. It's known that humans learn to recognize their mother’s voice from the womb (子宫) . For birds such as superb fairy-wrens, which perfect their songs with parental teaching, it was thought that sound perception (认知) began after hatching. But when it became obvious that mother birds were intentionally singing to their eggs, “We knew we were on to something,” says Sonia Kleindorfer, a bird ecologist at the University of Vienna.
Colombelli-Négrel, Kleindorfer and a colleague reported in 2014 that superb fairy-wrens learn to distinguish between sounds of their own species and others while still in their eggs. In a new study, that ability appears to extend to at least four more bird species.
In birds and humans, a drop in the embryonic (胚胎的) heart rate suggests attention to a stimulus (刺激). In the scientists’ earlier work, unhatched fairy-wrens’ heart rates slowed in response to repeated sounds of their own species, but not others.
To investigate whether this phenomenon is more widespread among birds, the team also turned its attention to the embryonic heartbeats of other bird species. The team measured the heart rates of 109 unhatched chicks before, during and after exposure to playbacks of songs from their own species or others. Then the scientists looked at whether 138 embryos stopped paying attention or became habituated to, repeated sounds of unfamiliar individuals of their own species singing. This habituation. measured by the heart rate returning to normal, would imply learning had occurred.
To the team’s surprises all of the eggs showed a slowed heart rate in response to their species’ sounds and showed habituation. That finding suggests that these unhatched birds learned to perceive the sounds of their species’ songs.
The scientists don’t know why some bird species, whose calls are genetically determined, not taught by teachers, have this ability before birth. The team hopes to study prenatal (产前的) sound perception in more bird species.
12. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To share a story. B. To explain a concept.
C. To present a topic. D. To make a prediction.
13. Why is human perception of their mother’s voice mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A. To tell the real time when birds start to recognize the world.
B. To prove that human beings are the most advanced species.
C. To stress the difference between human beings and birds.
D. To show that birds perceive voices later than humans.
14. How did the researchers carry out their study?
A. By referring to earlier studies. B. By observing and measuring.
C. By discussing and analyzing. D. By studying the similar examples.
15. What’s the best title for the text?
A. The best place to learn bird calls
B. The kind of call birds make to each other
C. Birds' heart rates increase when pressed with threats
D. Birds learn the call of the wild while still in their eggs
【12~15题答案】
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家研究发现，有些鸟还在蛋里的时候就学会了识别野外的叫声。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一段讲述了行为生态学家黛安娜通过对细尾鹩莺的观察后提出问题“It made her wonder: Could the baby birds be learning sounds, or even songs, before hatching?(这让她想知道：小鸟在孵化之前会不会学习声音，甚至唱歌?)”，下文陈述了相关研究结果，所以文章第一段的作用是引出本文话题。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It’s known that humans learn to recognize their mother’s voice from the womb (子宫) . For birds such as superb fairy-wrens, which perfect their songs with parental teaching, it was thought that sound perception (认知) began after hatching. (据悉，人类从在子宫里就开始学习辨认母亲的声音。对于像细尾鹪鹩这种通过父母的教导来完善自己的叫声的鸟类来说，人们认为，其声音感知是在孵化后开始的。)”可推知，段中提到人类对母亲声音的感知时间，是为了与鸟类感知声音的时间进行对比，从而证明鸟类比人类感知声音时间晚。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The team measured the heart rates of 109 unhatched chicks before, during and after exposure to playbacks of songs from their own species or others. Then the scientists looked at whether 138 embryos stopped paying attention or became habituated to, repeated sounds of unfamiliar individuals of their own species singing. (研究小组测量了109只未孵出的雏鸟在播放同类或同类叫声之前、期间和之后的心率。然后，科学家们观察138个胚胎是否停止注意或习惯了它们自己物种中不熟悉的个体重复的声音。)”可知，研究人员通过观察和测量开展他们的研究。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合根据第一段的问题“It made her wonder: Could the baby birds be learning sounds, or even songs, before hatching?(这让她想知道：小鸟在孵化之前会不会学习声音，甚至唱歌?)”和倒数第二段中的结论“That finding suggests that these unhatched birds learned to perceive the sounds of their species’ songs. (这一发现表明这些未孵化的鸟类学会了感知同类的叫声。)”可知，文章主要介绍了科学研究发现，有些鸟类还在蛋里的时候就学会了识别来自大自然中同类的叫声。所以“Birds learn the call of the wild while still in their eggs(鸟类还在蛋里就学会了识别来自大自然的声音)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There's something classy about having a piano in your home. It seems a sense of luxury to have one in your establishment. Depending on the piano you have, you need to follow some maintenance practices to make sure your piano stays in the best shape for the longest time possible.____16____
Place the piano at a low-traffic spot. If you want your piano to serve you a lifetime, do place it in a post where it'll be less influenced by human traffic.____17____ If you instead place your piano near doors, people coming in opening and shutting the door might once or twice hit the sides of the piano, damaging it slowly.
Place the piano away from the window. There is an obvious reason why this is advised.____18____ Indeed you may be able to wipe off the dust on the surfaces, but can you imagine what gets into the inaccessible parts? The dust finding its way to the inside may start causing issues inside.
Clean your hands before using it. Just imagine walking. out on business and immediately jumping in to start your music lesson.____19____ If you have to use the piano, you should wash your hands with soap and water. You don't want your piano to be the source of infection, do you?
____20____It can prevent food and drinks falling onto your piano and then causing damage. What's more, it can save you from having to wipe dust and the dirt off.
A. Get your piano a housing cover.
B. Keep it away from food and drinks.
C. That is dust coming through the window.
D. Avoid any spot with things hanging or placed on top of the piano.
E. All the bacteria you have picked up end up on the piano keys, right!
F. That is to say they are better off at home comers or the centre of a big hall.
G. The following pieces will highlight how to properly take care of your piano.
【16~20题答案】
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. C 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何遵循一些保养程序，以确保钢琴在尽可能长的时间内保持最佳状态。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Depending on the piano you have, you need to follow some maintenance practices to make sure your piano stays in the best shape for the longest time possible.(根据你拥有的钢琴，你需要遵循一些保养程序，以确保你的钢琴在尽可能长的时间内保持最佳状态。)”以及下文介绍了四种保持钢琴最佳状态的保养方法可知，本文就如何维护钢琴保持最佳状态给出了四种方法，G项“以下几段将重点介绍如何妥善保养钢琴。”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“If you want your piano to serve you a lifetime, do place it in a post where it'll be less influenced by human traffic.(如果你想让你的钢琴为你服务一辈子，一定要把它放在一个不受人流影响的地方。)”以及下文“If you instead place your piano near doors, people coming in opening and shutting the door might once or twice hit the sides of the piano, damaging it slowly.(如果你把钢琴放在靠近门的地方，进来打开和关闭门的人可能会撞到钢琴的侧面一两次，慢慢损坏钢琴。)”可知，不要把钢琴放到人流多或靠近门的地方，F项“也就是说，他们最好远离来访者，放在大厅的中央。”符合语境，且F项中的“off at home comers(远离来人)”和the centre of a big hall(大厅中心)正好呼应上下文。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Place the piano away from the window. There is an obvious reason why this is advised.(把钢琴放在远离窗户的地方。建议这样做有一个明显的原因。)”以及下文“Indeed you may be able to wipe off the dust on the surfaces, but can you imagine what gets into the inaccessible parts? (事实上，你也许能擦去表面上的灰尘，但你能想象出是什么进入了无法触及的部分吗？)”可知，把钢琴放到远离窗户的地方的原因就是从窗户处会进入灰尘，而这些灰尘会造成你无法想象的后果，所以C项“那是从窗户进来的灰尘。”解释了为什么要远离窗户的原因。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据下文“If you have to use the piano, you should wash your hands with soap and water. You don't want your piano to be the source of infection, do you?(如果你必须使用钢琴，你应该用肥皂和水洗手。你不想让你的钢琴成为感染源吧？)”可知，如果你使用钢琴时就一定要洗手，因为你的手上带有细菌。E项“你带来到的细菌最终会在钢琴键上，对吧！”符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据空后“It can prevent food and drinks falling onto your piano and then causing damage. What's more, it can save you from having to wipe dust and the dirt off.(它可以防止食物和饮料落到钢琴上，然后造成损坏。更重要的是，它可以避免你必须擦去灰尘和污垢。)”可知，能够防止食物和饮料落到钢琴上，还有避免你必须擦去灰尘和污垢的方法是给你的钢琴盖上外壳。A项“给你的钢琴盖上外壳。”符合语境。故远A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every time I hold a baby squirrel in my hands, I feel a sense of wonder. I volunteer as the squirrel team leader for TCWC, a nonprofit that____21____for injured or orphaned (成为孤儿的)squirrels, birds and other wildlife.
It’s a____22____job. Some days are hard, made harder by the____23____that I have intractable migraine (顽固性偏头痛)disease. So why do I____24____ myself into taking care of baby squirrels? Because at the ____25____point in my life, saving wildlife saved me too.
I have had migraines since I was young. When I was 11 years old, I fell out of the window and____26____ a serious head injury. My____27____grew worse. I had to stay at home and receive treatment. My migraines didn't,____28____medication, though, and most of the time, I felt broken.
One morning my mom spotted a(n)____29____nest and two baby sparrows in our yard through the window. I went forward and called to my mom, ‘They’re____30____！”They were cold and covered in ants. I____31____the frozen babies inside a box with a towel in it and spent hours cleaning off the birds. For the first time in a long time, I felt____32____. It was as if the baby birds’____33____for me was stronger than my pain.
During the past years, I’ve helped hundreds of “patients” heal and grow and____34____return to the wild. It brings me so much joy to be able to give these injured babies a second____35____at being free in the wild.
21. A. looks B. cares C. calls D. stands
22. A. challenging B. boring C. routine D. dangerous
23. A. result B. lie C. story D. fact
24. A. change B. force C. throw D. turn
25. A. lowest B. loudest C. sharpest D. best
26. A. caught B. avoided C. managed D. suffered
27. A. performance B. condition C. mood D. action
28. A. lead to B. respond to C. stick to D. contribute to
29. A. hidden B. improved C. fallen D. locked
30. A. breathing B. sleeping C. crying D. escaping
31. A. found B. expected C. left D. set
32. A. tired B. helpful C. confused D. ignorant
33. A. desire B. progress C. need D. effort
34. A. eventually B. secretly C. regularly D. suddenly
35. A. lesson B. cause C. wish D. chance
【21~35题答案】
【答案】21 B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者曾经头部受伤，因此患有顽固性偏头痛，在救了两只小麻雀后作者觉得自己是有用的，后来作者投身于照顾受伤或成为孤儿的松鼠、鸟类和其他野生动物。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是TCWC松鼠小组的志愿者队长，TCWC是一个照顾受伤或成为孤儿的松鼠、鸟类和其他野生动物的非营利组织。A. looks看；B. cares关心，关怀；C. calls打电话；D. stands站。由第4空后的“taking care of baby squirrels”可知，作者所在的组织是照顾受伤或成为孤儿的松鼠、鸟类和其他野生动物的非营利组织，care for“照顾”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一份富有挑战性的工作。A. challenging有挑战性的；B. boring无聊的；C. routine常规的；D. dangerous危险的。由后文的“Some days are hard”可知，那是一份有挑战性的工作，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些日子很难熬，更难熬的是我患有顽固性偏头痛。A. result结果；B. lie谎言；C. story故事；D. fact事实。由下一段的“My migraines”可知，“I have intractable migraine disease”是事实，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那我为什么要全身心地照顾小松鼠呢？A. change改变；B. force强迫；C. throw使陷入；D. turn转向。根据第一段的“I volunteer as the squirrel team leader for TCWC, a nonprofit that____1____for injured or orphaned squirrels, birds and other wildlife”可知，作者全身心地照顾小松鼠，throw oneself into doing意为“埋头做某事”，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为在我人生最低谷的时候，拯救野生动物也拯救了我。A. lowest最低的；B. loudest最大声的；C. sharpest最锋利的；D. best最好的。由后文的“I have had migraines since I was young”及后文描述作者救了小麻雀的故事可知，作者受伤那段时间是作者人生的低谷，此处是说“在我人生最低谷的时候，拯救野生动物也拯救了我”，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我11岁的时候，我从窗户上摔了下来，头部受了重伤。A. caught抓住；B. avoided避免；C. managed经营；D. suffered遭受。由“a serious head injury”可知，作者是头部受了重伤，空格处是“遭受”，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的病情恶化了。A. performance表演；B. condition情况；C. mood情绪；D. action行动。由后文的“I had to stay at home and receive treatment”可知，作者的情况恶化，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，我的偏头痛对药物没有反应，大多数时候，我都感觉崩溃了。A. lead to导致；B. respond to对……反应；C. stick to坚持；D. contribute to有助于。由后文的“most of the time, I felt broken”可知，作者吃药也不能缓解头痛，也就是偏头痛对药物没有反应，空格处是“对……反应”，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，妈妈透过窗户发现院子里有一个掉落下来的鸟巢和两只小麻雀。A. hidden隐藏的；B. improved改良的；C. fallen落下的；D. locked锁着的。由后文的“They were cold and covered in ants.”可知，妈妈透过窗户看到了一个落在院子里的鸟巢，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们还在呼吸！A. breathing呼吸；B. sleeping睡觉；C. crying哭；D. escaping逃跑。由后文“I____11____the frozen babies inside a box with a towel in it and spent hours cleaning off the birds”可知，作者救起麻雀，因此它们还在呼吸，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把这些冻僵的幼鸟放在一个盒子里，里面放了一条毛巾，然后花了几个小时清理它们。A. found发现；B. expected期待；C. left离开；D. set放，置。由后文的“the frozen babies inside a box”可知，作者是把冻僵的幼鸟放在一个盒子里，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这么长时间以来，我第一次感到自己能提供一些帮助。A. tired累的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. confused困惑的；D. ignorant无知的。由前面的“the frozen babies inside a box with a towel in it and spent hours cleaning off the birds”可知，作者救了冻僵的幼鸟，因此感到自己对幼鸟来说是有帮助的，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就好像幼鸟对我的需要比我的痛苦更强烈。A. desire欲望；B. progress进步；C. need需要；D. effort努力。由前面的“I____11____the frozen babies inside a box with a towel in it and spent hours cleaning off the birds”可知，作者对鸟有帮助，鸟需要作者，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几年里，我已经帮助了数百名“病人”痊愈和成长，并最终回到野外。A. eventually最终；B. secretly秘密地；C. regularly有规律地；D. suddenly突然。由“heal and grow and____14____return to the wild”可知，动物是痊愈和成长，并最终回到野外，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：能给这些受伤的幼兽再一次在野外自由生活的机会，我感到非常高兴。A. lesson课；B. cause原因；C. wish希望；D. chance机会。由上文的“return to the wild”可知，作者让那些受伤的动物可以回到野外，这等于是给了它们第二次机会，故选D。
第二节(共i0小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
36. We are very likely to receive special________ (discount) and promotions targeted. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【36题答案】
【答案】discounts
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：我们很可能会收到特别折扣和促销。discount为可数名词。根据并列名词promotions可知，应用名词的复数形式。故填discounts。
37. We found a parking space next to our hut,________ was round and made from brick. (用适当的词填空)
【37题答案】
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们在我们圆形的，用砖做成的小屋旁边找到了一个停车位。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词hut是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。
38. The colors of the dunes contrasted________(strike) with the blue of the cloudless sky. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【38题答案】
【答案】strikingly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：沙丘的颜色与万里无云的蓝天形成了鲜明的对比。副词strikingly修饰动词contrast，意为“显著地，突出地”。故填strikingly。
39. However, as with any technology, there must be some barriers________the development of VR. (用适当的词填空)
【39题答案】
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：然而，与任何技术一样，虚拟现实的发展肯定存在一些障碍。结合短语a barrier to(doing)sth.，意为“(做)某事的障碍”，可知空格处填入介词to，后接名词短语the development of VR符合题意。故填to。
40. ________we are fascinated by the sky is evident in ancient tales from around the world, such as that of Chang’e. (用适当的词填空)
【40题答案】
【答案】That
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们对天空的着迷在世界各地的古老传说中是显而易见的，比如嫦娥的故事。连接词that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不作成分，无实义；分析句子可知，“　　we are fascinated by the sky”是主语从句，从句句意和结构完整，从句引导词在句中不作成分，无实义。综上，应用连接词that引导词该主语从句，且句首单词首字母大写。故填That。
41. During his travels, Li Bai visited famous mountains and great rivers,________ (encounter) different customs and practices. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【41题答案】
【答案】encountering
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在他的旅行中，李白参观了名山大川，遇到了不同的风俗习惯。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是visited，空格处用非谓语动词，Li Bai和encounter之间是主动关系，且encounter与谓语动词visited同时发生，因此用现在分词encountering作伴随状语，表主动和同时发生，故填encountering。
42. The dream of AI has been around for centuries, and the development of computers since the 1940s has finally made it ________reality. (用适当的词填空)
【42题答案】
【答案】a
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和冠词。句意：人工智能的梦想已经存在了几个世纪，自20世纪40年代以来，计算机的发展终于使其成为现实。make sth. a reality是固定短语，意为“使某事物成为现实”。故填a。
43. Though journalists________(commit) to presenting the truth, it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【43题答案】
【答案】are committed
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：尽管记者们致力于报道真相，但与其完全依赖新闻报道，不如使用我们自己的判断。结合所给词commit，可知使用短语be committed to，意为“投入，承担，致力于”，结合主语的系动词is，可知句子时态是一般现在时，让步状语从句的主语是journalists，系动词使用are。故填are committed。
44. His dream was that the Olympics would help people of different________(race) origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【44题答案】
【答案】racial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的梦想是，奥运会将帮助不同种族、不同文化的人和平共处。分析句子可知，“origins”为名词，前面应用形容词修饰，“race”意为“种族”，名词词性，对应的形容词为“racial”，意为“种族的”，作定语。故填racial。
45. To the cast of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky mountains, which are home to high peaks and deep valleys________(carve) by ice and water. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【45题答案】
【答案】carved
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：太平洋沿岸耸立着巍峨的落基山脉，这里是由冰和水雕刻而成的高峰和深谷的家园。名词high peaks and deep valleys和carve之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。根据句意，故填carved。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Mark一直对你的家乡南通很感兴趣，来信询问一些南通的基本情况。请你给他回一封邮件，向他介绍你的家乡，内容包括：
1．南通的地理位置；
2．南通的气候、物产、风景名胜等；
3．欢迎他来南通参观。
注意：
1．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2．词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mark,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【46题答案】
【答案】Dear Mark,
I'm very glad to hear from your letter, saying that you are very interested in my hometown Nantong. It's my great honor to introduce some basic information about it.
Nantong is located in Jiangsu Province in Southeast China. It’s hot in summer and warm in winter with four distinct seasons and is suitable for tourism. Nantong has beautiful scenery, represented by Haohe scenic spot, Langshan famous scenic spot, intercontinental Green Expo Park, Nantong Forest Wildlife Park, etc. As for its specialties, Nantong is famous for Shigang fermented bean curd, white cattail, dried tea and cloud cake, which you will never forget once you have a taste.
I sincerely welcome you to Nantong, and I will show you around the beautiful scenery and taste the unique food of Nantong.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你的美国朋友Mark一直对你的家乡南通很感兴趣，来信询问一些南通的基本情况。请考生按照提示给他回一封邮件，向他介绍家乡。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
适合：be suitable for→be fit for
关于：as for→in regard to
以……而闻名：be famous for→be well-known for
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Nantong has beautiful scenery, represented by Haohe scenic spot, Langshan famous scenic spot, intercontinental Green Expo Park, Nantong Forest Wildlife Park, etc.
拓展句：Nantong has beautiful scenery, which is represented by Haohe scenic spot, Langshan famous scenic spot, intercontinental Green Expo Park, Nantong Forest Wildlife Park, etc.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
I'm very glad to hear from your letter, saying that you are very interested in my hometown Nantong. (运用了非谓语作状语和that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]
As for its specialties, Nantong is famous for Shigang fermented bean curd, white cattail, dried tea and cloud cake, which you will never forget once you have a taste.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
On market days when the farmers around Darrowby brought their goods to the little town to sell, I used to take a walk across the square to meet the farmers who gathered there to chat. One of the farmers was telling me about his sick cow when he saw a little dog among the market stalls (货摊). The thing that made us notice the dog was that he was sitting up, paws dangling (悬垂), head pointing expectantly, begging, in front of the stall selling cakes and biscuits.
“Look at that little fellow,” the farmer said. “I wonder where he’s from.”
As he spoke, the stallholder threw the dog some bread which the animal ate eagerly, but when the man came round and stretched out a hand the little thing ran away.
I was standing there, trying to see where he had gone, when a young policeman came up to me.
“I’ve been watching that dog begging among the stalls all morning,” he said, “but I haven’t been able to get near him.”
“Yes, it’s strange. You can see he’s friendly, but he’s also afraid. I wonder who owns him.”
“I think he’s a stray (无主的宠物), Mr. Herriot. I know just about all the dogs around here. But this one is a stranger to me.”
I nodded. “I’m sure you’re right. Anything could have happened to him. He could have been ill-treated by somebody and run away, or he could have been dumped from a car.”
“Yes,” the policeman replied, “I don’t know how anybody can leave a helpless animal to fend for (照料) itself like that. I’ve had a few tries at catching him, but it’s no good.”
A week passed before I met the policeman again in the market.
“Have you caught the dog, sir?” I asked.
The policeman looked very serious. “Yes,” he replied, “I’m afraid he’s been arrested.”
“Arrested?” I said in astonishment. “What do you mean?”
“Well,” he said, “it seems that it’s against the law for a dog to go begging in the market square.”
“I still don’t know what this is all about,” I said. “Where is he now?”
“I’ll take you to him,” the policeman replied.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We walked a short way along the road to a pretty cottage.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A wave of relief swept over me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【47题答案】
【答案】One possible version:
We walked a short way along the road to a pretty cottage. We went inside and there in the sitting room, sleeping in a big new doggy bed was my little friend. Two small girls were sitting by his side, touching his head softly. The policeman threw back his head and laughed. “I’ve just been kidding you, Mr. Herriot. This is my house and I’ve taken him as a pet for my two daughters. They’ve been wanting a dog for some time and I thought he’d be just right for them.”
A wave of relief swept over me. “Well, that’s wonderful,” I said. I looked at his kind face gratefully. I laughed too. I didn’t mind having the joke played on me because, funny or not, he would be a kind master for my doggy friend. I lifted the dog from his bed. The small girls held up a beautiful new red collar with a lead to match. Their new pet liked the look of them because he sat up in that position I remembered so well, his paws dangling, his face looking up eagerly. The begging dog had found a home at last.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了“我”在市场上闲逛，一只乞食的小狗引起了“我”的注意。小狗看起来很友好，但好像又惧怕与人接触，一位警察猜测这是一只流浪狗。“我”在市场上遇到那位警察，他告诉“我”那只狗被逮捕了，警察带着疑惑的“我”去找小狗的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们沿着这条路走了一小段路，来到一座漂亮的小屋。”可知，第一段可描写小狗的命运得到妥善安排。
②由第二段首句内容“一阵宽慰席卷了我。”可知，第二段可描写事情得到解决后，作者对整体事件的评价。
2.续写线索：看见狗——告知真相——感到高兴
3.词汇激活
行为类
①进入：go inside/enter
②笑：laugh/smile
③举起：lift/raise
情绪类
①感激地：gratefully/thankfully
②渴望地：eagerly/longingly
【点睛】[高分句型1]They’ve been wanting a dog for some time and I thought he’d be just right for them.(由连接词that引导的宾语从句，省略了引导词that)
[高分句型2]Their new pet liked the look of them because he sat up in that position I remembered so well, his paws dangling, his face looking up eagerly.(由because引导的原因状语从句和that引导的定语从句，省略了引导词that)