【备战2023高考】英语专题讲与练——专题09《冠词》全能练（含解析）（新高考地区专用）

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专题09 冠词（解析版）三年真题     【2022·全国甲卷】______ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.      A【解析】考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。     【2022·全国新I卷】Covering an area about three times ______ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.      the【解析】考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。     【2021·全国乙卷】Due to ______ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.      the【解析】考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。     【2021·全国甲卷】 It took us about 3 hours to go all ______ way around the Xi'an City Wall.     the【解析】考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。     【2021·新高考I卷】While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ________ must to visit!     a【解析】考查冠词。句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。     【2020·全国II卷】The plum trees are _______   first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化).     the【解析】考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。     【2020·浙江】A child born in the US today has______very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.     a【解析】考查冠词。句意：今天在美国出生的孩子有非常现实的机会活到100岁以上，因此需要做出相应的计划。chance为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且very为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。     【2020·浙江】Then，with _____ rise of science，changes began.     the【解析】考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着......的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。考频统计在2020-2022年三年高考真题中，冠词的考查频率统计如下：冠词考频出处不定冠词3次【2022·全国甲卷】【2021·新高考I卷】【2020·浙江】定冠词5次【2022·全国新I卷】【2021·全国乙卷】【2021·全国甲卷】【2020·全国II卷】【2020·浙江】考点清单一、不定冠词的主要用法形式用法例句a/an+可数名词单数表示数量“一”A thousand people were there.泛指任意一个人或事物A girl is waiting for you at the school gate.表示一类人或事物A dog is a faithful animal.a/an+表示人名的专有名词表示“一个叫......的人”或“......式的人物”I want to be a Xu Beihong when I grow up.a/an+修饰语+表示季节、月份、日期、星期、三餐等的名词泛指某个不确定的时间、“一顿......的饭”等I had a big lunch yesterday.a/an + 序数词表示“另一，又一”You can try a second time if you fail.a/an + 单位名词（重量、长度、时间等）表示“每一......”Most workers get paid once a month.a/an + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词单数表示“一个很/非常......的......”Thank you for a nicest weekend.
含有不定冠词的常考短语：
have a cold得了感冒have a good time 玩得高兴have a gift for 有.......的天赋have a word with...与.....谈话have/take a rest休息一下have a holiday度假make a living谋生get a lift/ride搭便车go on a diet节食as a result因此  as a matter of fact事实上as a rule通常,照例after a while一会儿后in a hurry 匆忙in a sense在某种意义上in a word总之in a moment-会儿once in a while偶尔at a loss 困惑,不知所措at a distance离一段距离for a while 暂时，一会儿 once upon a time从前all of a sudden突然a waste of...浪费a matter of.......的问题have a population ..........have a history of..有......的历史a collection of... 一批......have a knowledge of( = know )知道have an understanding of( = understand )懂得
二、定冠词的主要用法形式用法例句the+名词上文提到过的或大家已知的、熟悉的人或物I bought a TV and a mobile phone last Saturday, but there is something wrong with the TV.the + 由普通名词构成的专有名词或表示宇宙间独一无二的事物的名词这些专有名词主要是公共建筑物、民族、阶级、党派或组织机构等My sister joined the Party last year.动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某一部位表示接受外来动作My teacher patted me on the shoulder.the + 可数名词单数指某类人或事物The tiger is the king of the beasts.the + 形容词/分词He fired me, but soon he was among the unemployed.the + 姓氏复数指一家人或夫妇俩The Johnsons have lived here for 20 years.the + 形容词或副词最高级表示最高级意义This set of furniture is the least expensive here.the + 被演奏的西洋乐器表示演奏乐器The little boy can play the piano very well.含有不定冠词的常考短语：
in the countryside在乡下in the end最后，终于in the daytime在白天in the habit of习惯于make the most of充分利用in the distance在远处in the way挡路on the whole总的说来on the right/left 在右/左边at the moment此刻for the time being 暂时in the meantime同时at the end ......的尽头in the playground 在操场上go to the doctor's 去看医生by the way顺便提一下the other day前几天on the radio/ phone 通过无线电广播/电话on the spot 在现场，当场，当下to tell( you) the truth 说实话，老实说go to the cinema去看电影not in the least( =not at all) 一点也不on the one hand..; on the other hand...一方面...另一方面.....for the most part通常,多半
三、零冠词的主要用法用法例句不可数名词、复数名词表泛指，用零冠词He likes to read novels.名词前已有this, that, my, your, some, each, no, any等限定时不再用冠词She is not my type of woman.表示学科、语言、三餐、棋类、球类运动、季节、月份、星期、节日的名词前I enjoyed English, biology and chemistry.表示职位、头衔的名词用作表语、同位语或补足语The young man us captain of this ship.表示交通方式的“by+名词”结构中的名词前Fresh water was taken to the city by train.两个名词指同一个人或物时，后面的名词前不用冠词The teacher and writer has come to the meeting.作“人类”讲的man和作“消息”讲的wordWord came that our team won the game.系动词turn后作表语的名词前Upon graduation, my cousin turned clerk in a bank.“零冠词+单数名词+as/though+主语+谓语+主句”，意为“虽然、尽管......，但是......”Hero as he is, he has some shortcomings.有无冠词意义不同的短语at school上学at the school在学校by day白天by the day按日计算in hospital住院in the hospital在医院in office 执政in the office在办公室内leave school辍学leave the school离开学校live on farm务农live on the farm住在农场in charge of掌管in the charge of .....掌管之中in place of取代in the place of .....的位置上out of question毫无疑问out of the question不可能go to bed上床睡觉go to the bed朝床边走去go to church做礼拜go to the church 去教堂two of us我们中的两个the two of us我们两个in front of ....(外部)的前面in the front of ....(内部)的前部 变式练习基础练 1. Sophie dreams of walking in outer space like        astronaut one day.2. The Americans landed on        moon in 1969.3. I had intended to go to the party but I had        unexpected visitor.4. We finally arrived in        Beijing. As soon as        train stopped, everybody came to life.5. India has        population of more than one billion.6. Do you think it all right to buy him that        DVD player as_____ birthday gift?7. He graduated from        university of        Yunnan Province.8. February is        second month of a year.9. Life is like        ocean; Only        strong-willed can reach the other shore.10. The paper is due next month, and 1 am working seven days        week, often long into        night.参考答案：1. an   2.  the    3.   an    4.  /;the    5. a6. /;a   7.  a;/    8. the    9.  an; the   10. a;the提升练 1. We all hold        opinion that persons who have        wonderful sense of humour are more popular.2. The young generation is        hope of the nation.3. You don't necessarily have to own        latest everything but you should have        rough idea of what is changing.4. We don't think the experiment is        failure. At least we have gained        experience for future success.5. Mr Brown works in        middle school. It is        school built in the 16th century.6. Transformers is        most exciting film and I really want to see it for        second time.7. As is known to us,        panda is in        danger of becoming extinct.8. Emily felt completely at        loss when        word came that her son finally left home.9. Lin Shuhao,        NBA star, is one of        few basketball players who are very popular with Chinese fans.10. He was        poorest man here years ago, but now he is        rich man.参考答案：1. the;a   2.  the     3.  the;a    4.  a;/   5. a;a6. a;a   7.  the;/    8.  a;/      9.  an;the  10. the;a