【备战2023高考】英语专题讲与练——专题10《代词》全能练（含解析）（新高考地区专用）

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专题10 代词（解析版）三年真题     【2022·全国乙卷】The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ______ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth --- A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.     【2021·全国乙卷】Ecotourism has _____(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.      【2021·新高考I卷】As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in _______(I).     【2020·全国I卷】Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ______ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.     【2020·江苏】This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for ______.A．whichever B．whenever C．wherever D．whatever考频统计在2020-2022年三年高考真题中，代词的考查频率统计如下：代词考频出处代词5次【2022·全国乙卷】【2021·全国乙卷】【2021·新高考I卷】【2020·全国I卷】【2020·江苏】考点清单一、人称代词，物主代词类别人称代词物主代词主格宾格形容词性名词性功能主语宾语、表语定语主语、表语、宾语第一人称单数I memymine复数weusourours第二人称单数youyouyouryours复数youyouyouryours第三人称单数she/he/ither/him/ither/his/itshers/his/its复数theythemtheirtheirsone/it/that的区别代词用法例句one泛指同名异物可数名词单数，指复数时用ones1 haven't go ta pen. Can you lend me one?the one相当于that;the ones相当于thoseThe fruits you bought this morning are the ones sipped from Taiwan.it特指上文提到的同一个事物， 复数用they或themLook at the bird. It often comes to my window. that特指同名异物可数名词单数或不可数名词，只能指物,不能指人;其复数those特指同名异物可数名词复数，既可指物也可指人His seat was next to that of mine.The weather in Haikou is warmer than that of Beijing in winter.二、反身代词用法例句在句中作宾语、同位语、表语等，不能作主语She made herself a cup of coffee.You must forgive her---she’s not herself at present.与某些介词构成固定短语of oneself自动地         in oneself本质上，本身by oneself 独自，单独    for oneself替自己，为自己to oneself独自拥有的     beside oneself( 因情绪)失去自制力,失常与某些动词构成固定短语adapt oneself to 适应     apply oneself to 专心致志于behave oneself表现得体  devote oneself to致力于,献身于，专心于dress oneself自己穿衣    enjoy oneself玩得开心help oneself to为(自己)取用 make oneself at home舒适自在，无拘束seat oneself坐            teach oneself自学treat oneself to招待，款待,买(可享受的东西)三、不定代词1. both, either, neither代词用法例句both“两者都”,可作主语、宾语、同位语Both of us are non-smokers.either“(两者中)任何一个”，作主语时谓语动词用单数Take one of the two books on the table-either of them will do.neither“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数Neither of my younger sisters likes sports. 2. none, all, no one代词用法例句none“没有一点儿;全无”，指代可数名词时用于三者或三者以上范围；既可指人也可指物:可与of连用：回答how many/much的提问；作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。指代不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数None of them knows what to do next.I wanted some more cake but there was none left.all“全部都”，既可指人也可指物。指代或修饰可数名词时，用于三者或三者以上范围。作主语时若指事物的整体或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数；若指人，谓语动词用复数I know that all is well with her.All of them have passed the examination.no one“没人，无人”，只指人;一般不与of连用；回答who的提问No one dared to speak of it.3. some any代词用法例句some“一些”,指代或修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词均可，多用于肯定句中;也可用于表示请求的疑问句中,希望得到肯定的答复They are looking for someone with some experience.Could you lend me some money?any“一些”，指代或修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词均可，常用于否定句、疑问句中。用于肯定句时，表示三个以上人或物中的“任何一个”Are there any stamps in that drawer?Give me a pen, and any pen will do.4. other  the other  another代词用法例句other泛指没有范围的“另外的人或物”，不能单独用，只能修饰名词，后跟可数名词复数时，相当于othersNo other countries could join in.the other指两者中的“另外一个”，可单独用，也可修饰可数名词单教或可数名词复数。后接可数名同复数时，相当于the others，特指某范围中“其余的......”He walked to the other side of the road to take a bus.Some of us want to go there by bus, but the others on foot.another指三者或三者以上中的“另外-一个”，可单独使用，也可后接可数名词单数If you don't like this one, try another. "another+ 大于一的基数词/few+可数名词复数”意为“再，又”We shall need another three assistants in our shop.5. few a few little a little代词用法功能例句few“几乎没有”，指代或修饰可数名词复数，表示否定意义主语Few were late today.宾语They knew few of us.定语She made few mistakes in her homework.a few“几个”，指代或修饰可数名词复数,表示肯定意义主语A few have started their own businesses. 宾语I recognized a few of them.定语He asked us a few questions.little“没有多少”，指代或修饰不可数名词,表示否定意义主语Little remains to be done about her. 宾语I know little about her .定语I have little time to do that. a little“一些,一点”，指代或修饰不可数名词,表示肯定意义主语A little is enough for me.宾语I've only read a little of the book.定语There is only a little time left for us.6. each every代词用法例句each 强调个体，用于两者或两者以上，在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、同位语等，后面可接表示范围的of结构Give the children each a balloon.Each of the room has its own shower and toilet.every强调整体，用于三者或三者以上，只能作定语Every student will be involved in the research.7. everything something anything nothing 代词用法例句everything“一切事物”，强调整体She does everything to help her friend.something“某事，某物”，常用于肯定句中，也可用于表示希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中I have something to ask you.Would you like something to eat?anything在肯定句中强调个体，表示“任何事物”，在否定句中表示“某事物”I want to read, anything will do.nothing“什么都没有”，表示否定意义Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.8. anyone  someone  everyone代词用法例句anyone“任何人”强调个体，=anybodyAnyone can tell you where the bus stop is.someone“某个人”，=somebodySomeone wants to see you.everyone“所有人”，强调整体，=everybodyEveryone knows what he wants.四、it的用法1. it的指代用法用法例句指代上文提到的某样东西--Where is my dictionary?--I left it right on the desk.用以代替指示代词this，that--What’s this?--It is a bag.指不知性别的婴儿或身份不确定的人--Who is knocking at the door?--It must be the milkman.指时间、距离、天气、气候或温度It is nine o’clock sharp now.It is raining hard outside.it常用来代替不定式、动名词或名词性从句作形式主语或形式宾语，而将真正的主语或宾语后置It is not easy to learn a foreign language.2. it作形式主语It is a pity/shame that...真可惜.... Rt is no wonder that......不足为奇/并不奇怪It seems appears that.. 似乎/看来It looks/seems as if/as though...看起来/似乎/好.....It happens that... 碰巧.....It occurs to/comes to/strikes/hits sb. that... 某人突然想起......It is said/reported that.. .据说据报道....It is certain that... 肯定......It is well known/ acknowledged that... 众所周知.....It is no use/no good doing sth. 做某事没用/没好处It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花某人一些时间3.  it作形式宾语主语+think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...+it+adj./n.+for/of sb. to do sth./that...主语+think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...+it+useless/no use/no good doing sth.变式练习基础练 1. The ancient Egyptians saw paradise as an idealized version of         own lives.2. The apples in the basket are bigger than         on the floor.3. Some of the interaction was by phone, but         was still voice to voice, person to person, in real time.4. He lives on the second floor and hates         when those who live upstairs make lots of noise.5. 一Which one of the two cars is yours?一         . Mine is being repaired.6. Dancing with your feet is one thing, but dancing with your heart is quite         .7. Life today is much better than         in the old days.8. I don't like colored envelopes; I like white         .9.         of the three boys are willing to play with me, so I was alone.10 There is         wrong with the TV set. It's only because of power cut.提升练 1. The teacher gave the books to all the students except         who had already taken them.2. Cheap as the cars on show are, I really can't afford         .3. Most of the tourists think that the beauty of sea is greater than         of deserts.4.         is 112 miles from this city to my hometown.5. This project requires close teamwork.         will be achieved unless we work well together.6.          can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn't love it.7. Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost         of her enthusiasm for life.8. Those who smoke heavily should remind         of health, the bad smell and the feelings of other people.9. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but         of them wants to, because they havework to do.10. She opened her arms wide and timidly I opened         and we hugged.