【备战2023高考】英语专题讲与练——专题11《简单句与并列句》全能练（含解析）（新高考地区专用）

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专题 11 简单句与并列句（解析版）考点清单一、句子成分成分用法例句主语表示句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。通常在句子前Some young people can't settle down to their own business.谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。 通常在主语后The plane takes off at 8.宾语表示动作、行为的对象。在及物动词或介词后You can leave your pet with me while travelling.表语与系动词连用，说明主语的性质、特征。常在系动词之后He turned doctor after school, as his parents had expected.定语用来修饰名词或代词。单个词常在被修饰的词前，短语或句子在被修饰的词之后She cut the cake into two pieces.状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子，表示动作发生的时间、地点、目的、方式等。位置比较灵活Tom speaks English very fast and I almost can't understand him.补语用来补充说明句子的宾语或主语We all find him funny.同位语对句子中某成分作进一步解释、说明，与前面的名词在语法上处于同等地位。同位语常常置于被说明的词之后They each can get a chance to travel by air. 二、简单句子种类句型例句主语+谓语We ran. 主语+谓语+宾语We like running. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语I gave the players sports shoes. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补We make running a habit. 主语+系动词+表语We are athletes. There/Here be句型There is a bottle of water in my bag. 三、并列连词并列连词词义和用法例句and“和，与，且，又”，表顺承、递进关系Do it slowly and carefully.but“但，而，然而”，表示转折关系His mother won't be there but his father might.yet“但，而，然而”，既可以用作并列连词，也可以用作副词He is poor, yet he is happy.Although he is poor, yet he is happy.not...but...“不是.....而是.....”He is not a teacher but a doctor.so“因此，所以”。表因果关系，不能与从属连词because连用It was still painful so I went to see a doctor.or“或，或者，还是”，表选择关系Are you coming or not?for“因为”。表因果关系We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families.both...and...“既......又......”，两个都He spoke with both kindness and understanding.not only...but also...“不仅......而且......”Not only men but also women were chosen.neither...nor...“既不......也不......”Neither Tom nor Helen is hard-working.either...or...“要么......要么......”Either you are mad or I am.as well as也，还They have a flat in town as well as in the countryside.四、并列句的固定句型句式用法例句祈使句+and+陈述句=if从句+主句Word hard and you will succeed.祈使句+or+陈述句=if...not...从句+主句Dress warmly, or you will catch a cold....be doing when...when在此相当于and at that timeWe were having a meeting when someone broke in....be about to do/on the point of doing when...We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain....had just done sth. when...I had just finished my homework when Tom came to me.变式练习基础练 If you receive it, you should send a present         money to the graduate.Frank, 62，has spent the last 20 years as a foster father to many children. He knows they are going to die,          he takes them in anyway.3. Hurry up           you will be late for the bus.4. Work hard          you will be admitted to a key university.5. Every fall, a large number of grapes are shipped from Xinjiang to other parts of China,       the rest are made into raisins for easy storage.6. In recent years, several studies have examined whether deliberately smiling can make changes to how people feel psychologically during races,       few have looked at the physical effect on sports performance.7. One day, the cow was eating grass           it began to rain heavily.8. Shall we go out to the cinema          stay at home?9. There are many kinds of sports,         my favorite is swimming.10. Henry is very smart,          many of his classmates like him.参考答案：1. or       2. but/yet    3. or     4. and    5.  and/while6. but     7. when          8. or    9. but    10.  so提升练 1. In China, the question is not “What shall I have?”          “What shall we have?”. Food is ordered to share with others, not just for oneself.2. What all of you really wanted was coffee, not the cup,           you went for the best cups and then began looking at each other' s cups.3. He or she can also attend classes from wherever they are recovering-whether at home          from a hospital bed.4. People can find so many good things, such as useful information and lovely pictures on the web,      it is also a global village filled with bad things. 5. It is difficult to choose between this one       that one.6. Find ways to praise your children often,        you will find they will open their hearts to you.7. If you notice that someone is missing       hurt, tell your teacher directly.8. Write clearly,       the students can’t see clearly.9. The two boys were watching TV       someone knocked on the door.I can’t remember how the tune goes,       I’ll recognize it when I hear it.参考答案：1. but   2.  but  3.   or   4.  while   5.  and6. and    7.  or  8.   or   9.  when   10.  but