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四川省成都市第七中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期中试卷（Word版附解析）
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这是一份四川省成都市第七中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期中试卷（Word版附解析），共25页。试卷主要包含了语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
成都七中2022-2023学年度高二（上）期期中考试
英语
一 听力部分 无音频 30分
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完 每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
(1)What kind of music did the woman like very much?
A.Rock. B.Pop. C.Jazz.
(2)Why was the man surprised?
A.The woman was late.
B.The woman worked overtime.
C.The woman came to the party.
(3)What does the woman ask the man to do?
A.Call her friend. B.Watch her pet. C.Buy her some milk.
(4)Who will pay the bill?
A.The woman. B.The man’s sister C.The woman’s sister.
(5)What do we know about the woman?
A.She has got the chance to perform.
B.She didn’t have much time to practice.
C.She is pretty confident of winning the contest.
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完 后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 题。
(6)What is the man doing?
A.Buying books. B.Returning books. C.Borrowing books.
(7)How much should the man pay?
A. 160. B. 210. C. 250.
听下面一段对话，回答第 8 和第 9 题。
(8)Why did the woman go to Florida on vacation?
A.To meet her cousin. B.To visit her friend. C.To tour a university.
(9)What did the man do on his vacation?
A.He watched movies. B.He studied at college. C.He stayed with a friend.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12题。
(10)Which month is it now?
A.December. B.January. C.February.
(11)What will the man do during the vacation?
A.Travel abroad. B.Prepare for his wedding. C.Have a family reunion.
(12)What does the woman ask the man to buy?
A.A glass of tea. B.A pair of glasses. C.A tea set.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16题。
(13)What's the relationship between the speakers?
A.Roommates. B.Good friends. C.Fellow students.
(14)When did Josh start college?
A.A week ago. B.A year ago. C.Three months ago.
(15)Why does Lizzy want to move?
A.She wants younger company.
B.She wants to live in the dorm.
C.She doesn't get along with the host family.
(16)What will Lizzy probably do next?
A.Visit a student. B.Give Rachael a call. C.Hang out with friends.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20题。
(17)What would MAD Architects prefer buildings to be like?
A.More naturally attractive.
B.More traditionally designed.
C.More environmentally friendly.
(18)What does MAD Architects want to provide?
A.The situation of separation from nature.
B.The experience of living in ancient times.
C.The feeling of being in the natural world.
(19)Where will the Urban Forest be built?
A.In Chongqing. B.In Beijing. C.In Rome.
(20)Who should apply for a job according to the talk?
A.Architects. B.Engineers. C.Office workers.
二. 阅读理解（40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Olympic flame:
The Olympic flame is a symbol carried over from the ancient Olympics, where a flame burned at the altar (神坛) of Zeus throughout competition. It was finally reintroduced at the 1924 Amsterdam Games, and again burned in 1932.
Carl Diem, chairman of the organizing committee for the 1936 Berlin Games, proposed that the flame be lit in Greece and transported to Berlin via a torch relay. The idea was adopted, and continued at every Olympic Games since 1952.
The flame is lit at the ancient site of Olympia by the natural rays of the sun reflected off a curved mirror. It is lit at a ceremony by women dressed in robes resembling those worn in ancient times, who then pass it to the first relay runner.
Olympic motto:
“Citius, altius, fortius” is a Latin phrase meaning “swifter, higher, stronger”, which Baron de Coubertin borrowed from Father Henri Martin Dideon of Paris. Dideon was headmaster of Arcueil College, and used the phrase to describe the athletic achievements of students at the school. He had previously been at the Albert Le Grand school, where the Latin words were carved in stone above the main entrance.
Olympic oath (宣誓)
“In the name of all competitors, I promise that we shall take part in these Olympic Games, respecting and abiding by the rules that govern them, in the true spirit of sportsmanship, for the glory of sport and the honour of our teams.”
Written by Baron de Coubertin, the oath is taken by an athlete from the host nation while holding a comer of the Olympic flag. The athletes’ oath was first taken by Belgian fencer Victor Boin at the 1920 Antwerp Games. A judge from the host country also speaks the oath, with slightly different wording.
1. The Olympic flame was first burned at ________ in modem times.
A. the 1952 Games B. the 1924 Games C. the 1932 Games D. the 1936 Games
2. From the passage we can learn that ________.
A. the torch relay was held at every Olympic Games since 1936
B. the Olympic motto was originally written by Baron de Coubertin
C. the Olympic athletes’ oath was first taken at the Antwerp Games
D. the Olympic judges make a vow with completely different wording
3. This passage is probably taken from ________.
A. the Olympic official website B. a daily news report
C. a promotional advertisement D. an acadernic research
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奥林匹克圣火、奥林匹克格言和奥林匹克誓言的由来。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Olympic flame”部分第一段内容“The Olympic flame is a symbol carried over from the ancient Olympics, where a flame burned at the altar (神坛) of Zeus throughout competition. It was finally reintroduced at the 1924 Amsterdam Games, and again burned in 1932.”（奥运圣火是从古代奥运会延续下来的一种象征，在整个比赛过程中，圣火在宙斯神坛上燃烧。它最终在1924年阿姆斯特丹奥运会上被重新引入，并在1932年再次被烧毁。）可知，奥运圣火是在1924年阿姆斯特丹奥运会上被重新引入的，由此可知，奥运圣火在现代首次被燃烧是在1924年奥运会上。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段关键句“The athletes’ oath was first taken by Belgian fencer Victor Boin at the 1920 Antwerp Games.”（在1920年安特卫普奥运会上，比利时击剑运动员维克多·博因首次进行运动员宣誓。）可知，奥运会上运动员首次宣誓是由比利时击剑运动员维克多·博因在1920年安特卫普奥运会上进行的，由此可知，奥运会运动员的宣誓是在安特卫普奥运会上首次进行的。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读文章，文章主要介绍了“The Olympic flame”（奥林匹克圣火）、“Olympic motto”（奥林匹克格言）和“Olympic oath”（ 奥林匹克誓言）三部分内容，由此可知，这是一篇介绍奥林匹克运动会的文章，结合选项可知，介绍奥运会的文章可能摘自奥运会官方网站。故选A项。
B
At 74 James Patterson has sold more than 425 million copies of his 200 novels globally, making him one of the highest paid authors in the world. “I do not work for a living. I play for a living. I love doing it,” Patterson tells CNBC. But Patterson’s road to success didn’t happen overnight. He started writing as a side hustle and he faced a lot of rejection before getting his first book published.
Patterson grew up in the woods in Newburgh, New York with an insurance salesman father and a schoolteacher mother. Despite having dreams of being a writer, the idea “always seemed presumptuous”, Patterson says. But after reading books by James Joyce, “it really turned me on to reading, and then I started writing,” he says.
After college, Patterson got his first job as a junior copy writer at the advertising agency J. Walter Thompson. While climbing the corporate ladder, Patterson wrote his first book, The Thomas Berryman Number in the mid-70s. The book “got turned down by 31 publishers”, Patterson says. But after it was finally published in 1976, “then it won an Edgar Award for best first novel.” The Edgar Award, which is named after Edgar Alan Poe, honors the best writers in mystery fiction and non-fiction.
Despite publishing his first book at age 26, Patterson didn’t have a bestseller until he was 40. “It wasn’t like all of a sudden,” he says. In fact, Patterson kept his day job for decades and got promoted to CEO of J. Walter Thompson in 1988. During that time, Patterson says he would read well over 100 books a year to help spark his creativity. “I have a huge imagination and I’m constantly asking, what about this? What about that?” he says.
Despite his success, Patterson says he doesn’t like to give advice, especially about writing. But he credits his own success to his work ethic and passion. “I also don’t take myself too seriously,” he says. “Yeah, I sell a lot of books, so what?”
4. What do we know about James Patterson?
A. He produced a bestseller when he was 26.
B. He read a lot of books to get source of inspiration.
C. He worked as a full-time writer when he was young.
D. He got inspiration for his first book when climbing a ladder.
5. What does the underlined word “presumptuous” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Unrealistic. B. Contradictory. C. Imaginative. D. Inspiring.
6. What can we infer about James Patterson from the last paragraph?
A. He has sold a lot of books. B. He doesn’t take his job seriously.
C. He values positive attitudes to work. D. He is unwilling to give advice to readers.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. The Secret to Career Success B. A Tough Road to a Bestseller Writer
C. An Edgar Award Winner D. A Not-to-be-missed Fiction
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了畅销书作者James Patterson的相关事迹。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句提到“Patterson says he would read well over 100 books a year to help spark his creativity”（帕特森说，在那段时间里，他每年会阅读超过100本书，以发自己的创造力)可知，Patterson通过大量的阅读来获取灵感。故选B。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。第二段第一句“Patterson grew up in the woods in Newburgh, New York with an insurance salesman father and a schoolteacher mother.”（帕特森在纽约纽堡的树林中长大，父亲是保险推销员，母亲是教师)和该段最后一句“it really turned me on to reading, and then I started writing”(读了James Joyce的书之后，它真的让我对阅读产生了兴趣，然后我开始写作)推知，在这样一个父母工作比较稳定的家庭里，作家这个职业相对有些不切实际、不稳定。A.Unrealistic不现实的；B.Contradictory相反的；C Imaginative充满想象力的；D.Inspiring鼓舞人心的。A项符合文意。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段最后两句提到“But he credits his own success to his work ethic and passion.“I also don’t take myself too seriously” he says.“Yeah, I sell a lot of books. so what? （但他将自己的成功归功于自己的职业道德和激情。“我也不太把自己当回事，”他说。“是啊，我卖了很多书，那又怎样?”）可知，Patterson认为是自己对于写作的积极态度才取得了成功。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。综合文章内容可知，第二段提到Patterson最开始成为作家的梦想是“不切实际的”，第三段提到了Patterson在成为作家之前的工作经历，并且为了写作每年要看一百多本书的积累。虽然Patterson在26岁时就发表了自己的第一本书，但是在他40岁的时候才成为一名畅销书作家。由此判断，Patterson成为作家的道路并不是一帆风顺的。B项“成为畅销书作家的艰难之路”，符合文意。故选B。
【点睛】
C
While many people aren’t getting enough calcium (钙), new research cautions that some people may have the opposite problem: they could be getting too much. Americans spend more than $1 billion a year on calcium supplements in hopes of delaying osteoporosis, a kind of bone disease that disables many elderly women and some men. Yet recent studies link calcium supplements to a higher risk of heart attacks. Last month, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force issued a draft recommendation against taking calcium and vitamin D，saying there wasn’t enough evidence of benefit to justify the risk.
For generations of Americans who grew up encouraged to drink milk to maintain strong bones, the reports raised troubling questions: Is calcium not so important after all? Are the supplements unsafe? And how much is too much? “It’s gotten very confusing but it doesn’t need to be,” says Ethel Siris, director of the Toni Stabile Osteoporosis Center in New York. How much calcium people need varies by age and gender. “Adults generally need 1,000 mg daily, rising to 1,200 mg for women over 50 and men over 70, according to guidelines issued in 2010. Children need 1,300 mg daily during the peak growing years of 9 to 18.”
People also need sufficient levels of vitamin D to absorb the calcium. The IOM recommends 600 international units a day for most adults, and 800 daily after age 70，although many physicians recommend more. It is difficult to take in that much vitamin D from food sources, so experts say many people should take vitamin D in supplement form.
Getting adequate calcium from food is easier. For example, 8 ounces of milk or 6 ounces of yogurt has 300 mg of calcium, and one cup of spinach has 270 mg.
But studies linking calcium supplements to heart attack have made experts more cautious of excess calcium than before. A study of 24,000 Germans published in the journal Heart last month, found that those who got their calcium exclusively from supplements were more than twice as likely to have a heart attack as those who took no supplements.
Exactly how calcium supplements might contribute to heart attacks baffles experts. “Nobody has associated the calcium in your bloodstream with calcification(钙化)in your arteries(动脉),” says Nieca Goldberg, medical director of the Joan H. Tisch Center. Still, she says she now urges patients get their recommended calcium from food rather than from supplements to avoid possible problems.
Osteoporosis experts also urge patients not to take more than the recommended amount of calcium. “People should definitely stop taking two big calcium supplements a day,” says Dr. Dawson-Hughes. Even if the risks remain unclear, taking more than the body can absorb doesn’t benefit bones,” so it’s not worth any risk.” She adds.
8. According to the new studies, what might be the result of taking much calcium?
A Delaying aging. B. Building muscles.
C. Causing heart problems. D. Curing bone diseases.
9. What is Ethel Siris’ opinion on taking calcium supplements?
A. Taking calcium supplements is unsafe.
B. Adults need more calcium than children.
C. It is much safer to take calcium from food.
D. Age and gender determine the amount of calcium taken.
10. What does the underlined word “baffle” in Paragraph 6 mean?
A. Interest. B. Puzzle.
C. Amaze. D. Frighten.
11. What can we learn from the passage?
A. It is helpful to take two calcium supplements a day.
B. It is important to maintain strong bones for women.
C. It is unnecessary to take too much calcium supplement.
D. It is best to take calcium and vitamin D from supplement.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍大多数人喜欢从保健品上过多的摄取钙，以为对身体有好处，实际上相关研究证明这样做没有好处，反而可能有害处。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Yet recent studies link calcium supplements to a higher risk of heart attacks. (最近的研究表明额外补钙与较高的心脏病风险有联系)”可知，摄入过多的钙可能会导致心脏病。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“How much calcium people need varies by age and gender. (人们所需钙的摄入量因年龄和性别不同而有所不同)”可知，Ethel Siris认为性别和年龄是决定每个人所需钙的摄入量的决定因素。故选D项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。第六段“‘Nobody has associated the calcium in your bloodstream with calcification in your arteries, ’ says Nieca Goldberg, medical director of the Joan H. Tisch Center. Still, she says she now urges patients get their recommended calcium from food than from supplements to avoid possible problems. (Joan H. Tisch中心的主任医师Nieca Goldberg认为虽然还没有人将血液中的钙和人体动脉的钙化联系在一起，她还是劝她的病人从食物中摄取钙，而不是从保健品上摄取，以防可能出现的问题)”可知，她虽然不确定血液中钙的含量对心血管疾病有害，但也不敢下定论说完全没有害。故可推断，这个问题让心脏病专家也感到困惑。由此推知动词“baffle”意思为“使困惑”，与“puzzle”同义。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段“Even if the risks remain unclear, taking more than the body can absorb doesn't benefit bones (虽然风险还不确定，摄取比身体能够吸收的量还要多的钙对骨头没什么益处)”可推知，摄入过量即使没有危害，也是没什么必要的。故选C项。
D
Cotton bags have become a means for brands, retailers and supermarkets to convey a planet-friendly mindset— or, at least, to show that the companies are aware of the overuse of plastic in packaging.
Earth-friendly? Not exactly. It turns out the wholehearted embrace of cotton bags may actually have created a new problem. An organic cotton tote (提包) needs to be used 20,000 times to make up for its overall impact of production, according to a 2018 study by the Ministry of Environment and Food of Denmark. That equates to daily use for 54 years—for just one bag. Cotton is water-intensive, and figuring out how to dispose of a tote in an environmentally low-impact way is not nearly as simple as people think, according to Travis Wagner, an environmental science professor at the University of Maine.
You can’t, for example, just put a tote in a compost bin, and only 15 percent of the 30 million tons of cotton produced every year actually makes its way to textile depositories (仓库). Even when a tote does make it to a treatment plant, most dyes used to print logos onto them are PVC-based and thus not recyclable; “they’re extremely difficult to break down chemically,” said Christopher Stanev, the co-founder of Evrnu, a Seattle-based textile recycling firm. Printed patterns have to be cut out of the cloth; Mr. Stanev estimates 10 to 15 percent of the cotton Evrnu receives is wasted this way.
That’s not to say cotton is worse than plastic, or that the two should even be compared. While cotton can use pesticides (杀虫剂) and has dried up rivers from water consumption, lightweight plastic bags use greenhouse gas-emitting fossil fuels, are not biodegradable (可生物降解的) and will clog up the oceans.
Buffy Reid, of the knitwear label & Daughter, halted production of her cotton bags in April this year. Aesop is converting the composition of its shopping bags to a 60—40 blend of recycled and organic cotton. Designer Ally Capellino recently swapped cotton for hemp (大麻), while Hindmarch introduced a new version of her original tote, this time made from recycled water bottles.
In the end, the simplest solution may be the most obvious. “Not every product needs a bag,” Comey says.
12. According to paragraph 2, what can we learn about cotton bags?
A. It is easy to recycle cotton bags.
B. Using cotton bags is environmentally-friendly.
C. Producing cotton consumes a lot of water.
D. Producing cotton bags does no harm to the environment.
13. What do we know about disposing of cotton bags?
A. Disposing of cotton wastes a lot of water.
B. Dyes used to print logos are recyclable.
C. Printed patterns on cotton bags cannot be recycled.
D. A lot of cotton bags make their way to textile depositories.
14. What is the author’s opinion of comparing cotton with plastic?
A. Cotton is worse than plastic. B. Plastic is worse than cotton.
C. The two should not be compared. D. Both have disadvantages.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Cotton bags—a new fashion.
B. Not every product needs a bag.
C. Cotton bags—a way to be earth-friendly.
D. Are cotton bags harmless to the environment?
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。文章主要讲述了当前各大超市和零售商都使用棉袋传达环保的理念，但其实使用棉袋并没有想象中环保，它引发了一些列新的问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“Cotton is water-intensive, and figuring out how to dispose of a tote in an environmentally low-impact way is not nearly as simple as people think, according to Travis Wagner, an environmental science professor at the University of Maine.（缅因大学环境科学教授特拉维斯·瓦格纳表示，棉花耗水量大，要弄清楚如何以对环境低影响的方式处理手提包并不像人们想象的那么简单。）”可知，棉袋没有人们想象中那么对地球友好，它会耗费大量的水。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Even when a tote does make it to a treatment plant, most dyes used to print logos onto them are PVC-based and thus not recyclable; “they’re extremely difficult to break down chemically,” said Christopher Stanev, the co-founder of Evrnu, a Seattle-based textile recycling firm. （即使手提包确实可以到达处理厂，大多数用于在它们上打印徽标的染料都是基于PVC的，因此不可回收；总部位于西雅图的纺织品回收公司Evrnu的联合创始人Christopher Stanev说，“它们极难在化学上分解。”）”可知，棉袋上打印的染料是不可回收的。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第四段“That’s not to say cotton is worse than plastic, or that the two should even be compared. While cotton can use pesticides (杀虫剂) and has dried up rivers from water consumption, lightweight plastic bags use greenhouse gas-emitting fossil fuels, are not biodegradable (可生物降解的) and will clog up the oceans. （这并不是说棉布袋比塑料袋更糟，或者二者可以相提并论。尽管生产棉花需要使用杀虫剂，还会耗费大量的水，但是制作轻薄塑料袋的化石燃料会产生温室气体，不能被生物降解，还会在海洋中堆积成山。）”可知，作者认为不该将棉花和塑料放一起比较，两者都有自己的缺点。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Cotton bags have become a means for brands, retailers and supermarkets to convey a planet-friendly mindset— or, at least, to show that the companies are aware of the overuse of plastic in packaging.（棉袋已成为品牌、零售商和超市传达环保心态的一种手段，或者至少表明这些公司意识到包装中过度使用塑料。）”和第二段前两句“Earth-friendly? Not exactly. It turns out the wholehearted embrace of cotton bags may actually have created a new problem. （对地球友好？不完全是。事实证明，全心全意地拥抱棉袋实际上可能造成了一个新的问题。）”可知，本文主要讲述的是棉袋是否真的可以更加环保。故选D。
七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The way individuals collectively remember, forget, and recall event, people, places, etc, has been an important topic of research on collective memory. ____16____ He developed the concept of collective memory, arguing that individual memories are only understood within the context of a group through time and space. In all cases, most research on memory studies relies on long procedures ____17____ They include theoretical concepts, the study of historical sources, oral histories, case studies, interviews, and surveys. For example, one group of researchers carried out several interviews to investigate younger and older American adults for three wars, namely, the Civil War, World War Ⅱ, and the Iraq War. ____18____ Both younger and older adults recalled the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki; however, they differed in how they rated the bombings.
More recently, memory study scholars tend to stress the significance of the media in shaping collective memories: “Culture and individuals’ memory are constantly produced through the technologies of memory.” Under this perspective, research often involves content analysis of news and the use of surveys or interviews for analyzing the public memory. ____19____
However, developments in digital technologies in recent years have significantly influenced how we keep track of events both as individuals and as a collective. “The Internet doesn’t forget.” The Internet has had strong impacts on memory and the processes of remembering and forgetting. ____20____ Analyzing different Web documents, researchers have shown that more recent past events are remembered more vividly in the present.
A. Research on collective memory is often based on various aspects.
B. There are a few simple things a person can do to help improve their memory.
C. Maurice Halbwachs is recognized as the father of collective memory research.
D. Although all Americans recalled similar events,the interpretation changed over the generations.
E. Also,scholars have studied the role of journalists as collective memory agents by analyzing their stories.
F. Recently developed information technologies have affected how we create,store and recall information.
G. Meanwhile,it has transformed collective memory into an observable phenomenon that can be tracked and measured online.
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了什么叫共同记忆，媒体是如何塑造共同记忆的以及现代数码技术在共同记忆的保存方面又发挥了什么样的作用。
【16题详解】
下一句出现he，he指代前一句出现的人物，由此可以推断空格处应该会出现研究集体记忆的重要人物。只有C项有人名，且C项意为“人们认为Maurice Halbwachs是集体记忆研究之父”。C项切题。故选C项。
【17题详解】
下一句出现了they，they指代前一句出现的复数名词。A项意为“关于集体记忆的研究经常会基于很多方面展开。”They include theoretical concepts, the study of historical sources, oral histories, case studies, interviews, and surveys.这一句话是对A项中various aspects的展开陈述。且A项中various aspects又呼应了空格上一句的long procedures。A项切题，故选A项。
【18题详解】
空格前一句话说开展采访来研究年青一代和老一代美国人对三次战争的看法。那空格处应该讲到采访的结果是什么。D项正是研究结果，意为“所有的美国人都会回忆起相似的事件，但是每个年代的人对这些事情的解读是不一样的”。空格后一句又是对D项的具体例子说明。Both younger and older adults recalled the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki具体对应“所有的美国人都会回忆起相似的事件”，however, they differed in how they rated the bombings对应说明了“但是每个年代的人对这些事情的解读是不一样的”。D项切题。故选D项。
【19题详解】
本段在讲媒体在塑造集体记忆过程中所发挥的作用。空格处也应该是围绕媒体的作用在说明。E项中提到了journalists，呼应了首句的media。空格前一句在讲“我们经常会研究新闻的内容，以及在分析公众记忆的时候使用调查和采访的方式”。E项意为“同时，学者们通过分析故事来研究记者们作为集体记忆传话人的角色”。E项符合本段主题。故选E项。
【20题详解】
本段在讲数码技术尤其是网络在我们记录事件过程中发挥的作用。前一句说“网络不会忘记。网络对记忆力以及记忆和忘记的过程产生了非常大的影响”。空格处应该承接上句继续讲述网络在我们记忆中扮演的角色。G项意为“同时，它把共同记忆转变为一种可以观察的现象。通过网络，这种共同记忆可以被查询和被人评价”。it指代the Internet，online呼应本段主题。G项符合文意。故选G项。
三 . 完形填空（30分）
阅读下面短文，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上相应番 号处将该项涂黑。
第二节完形填空（共20小题；
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary. I was 1 to see that it was an English-English dictionary, also known as a monolingual dictionary. 2 it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one 3 , to be honest, I found it extremely 4 to use at first. I would look up words in the dictionary and 5 not fully understand the meanings. I was used to the 6 bilingual dictionaries, in which the word are 7 both in English and Chinese. I really wondered why my aunt 8 to make things so difficult for me. Now, after studying English at university for three years, I 9 that monolingual dictionaries are 10 in learning a foreign language.
As I found out, there is, 11 , often no perfect equivalence(对应)between two 12 in two languages. My aunt even goes so far as to 13 that a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the 14 meaning of a word in English! 15 , she insisted that I read the definition(定义)of a word in a monolingual dictionary 16 I wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning. 17 , I have come to see what she meant.
Using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way. This dictionary uses a(n) 18 number of words, around 2,000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am 19 exposed to(接触)the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. 20 this, I can express myself more easily in English.
21. A. worried B. sad C. surprised D. nervous
22. A. Because B. Although C. Unless D. If
23. A. but B. so C. or D. and
24. A. difficult B. interesting C. ambiguous D. practical
25. A. thus B. even C. still D. again
26. A. new B. familiar C. earlier D. ordinary
27. A. explained B. expressed C. described D. created
28. A. offered B. agreed C. decided D. happened
29. A. imagine B. recommend C. predict D. understand
30. A. natural B. better C. easier D. convenient
31 A. at least B. in fact C. at times D. in case
32. A. words B. names C. ideas D. characters
33. A. hope B. declare C. doubt D. tell
34. A. exact B. basic C. translated D. expected
35. A. Rather B. However C. Therefore D. Instead
36. A. when B. before C. until D. while
37. A. Largely B. Generally C. Gradually D. Probably
38. A. extra B. average C. total D. limited
39. A. repeatedly B. nearly C. immediately D. anxiously
40. A. According to B. In relation to C. In addition to D. Because of
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者收到当英语教授的阿姨的英英词典，从当初的不理解安逸的用意，到逐渐发现这个词典对她英语学习的帮助，体会到了阿姨的用心良苦。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我惊讶地发现这是一本英英词典，也被称为单语词典。A.worried担心的；B.sad悲伤的；C.surprise惊讶的；D.nervous紧张的。根据下文“ 2 it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one 3 , to be honest, I found it extremely 4 to use at first.(虽然这本字典是为非母语学习者准备的，但我的同学都没有，而且说实话，刚开始我发现它很难用。)”可知，作者对于收到这本英英词典很惊讶，不仅仅是别的同学都没有这样的词典，还因为这词典用起来很困难。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然这本词典是为非母语学习者准备的，但我的同学都没有，而且说实话，刚开始我发现它很难用。A.Because因为；B.Although虽然；C. Unless除非；D. If如果。根据句意可知，设空处所在句与后一句为转折关系，Although符合语境。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然这本词典是为非母语学习者准备的，但我的同学都没有，而且说实话，刚开始我发现它很难用。A.but但是；B.so所以；C.or或者；D.and。此句陈述了作者惊讶于收到词典作为礼物的原因，原因一：别的同学都没有这个词典，原因二：这词典用起来不是很顺手。两者间为并列关系。应用并列连词and。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这本词典是为非母语学习者准备的，但我的同学都没有，而且说实话，刚开始我发现它很难用。A.difficult困难的；B. interesting有趣的；C.ambiguous模糊的；D.practical 实用的。根据下一句“I would look up words in the dictionary and 5 not fully understand the meanings. I was used to the 6 bilingual dictionaries, in which the word are 7 both in English and Chinese.(我会去查字典，但还是不完全理解意思。我习惯了熟悉的双语词典，其中的单词是用英语和汉语解释的。)”可知，习惯了双语词典的作者，使用英英词典时觉得很困难。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我会去查字典，但还是不完全理解意思。A.thus因此；B.even甚至；C. still依旧；D. again又。根据下文“I was used to the 6 bilingual dictionaries,in which the word are 7 both in English and Chinese.(我习惯了熟悉的双语词典，其中的单词是用英语和汉语解释的。)”可知，作者习惯了汉英词典，用英英词典时，就算她查词典，她也无法像阅读汉英词典那样透彻理解其中含义，所以她依旧没有完全理解。still符合语境，故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我习惯用熟悉的双语词典，其中的单词是用英语和汉语解释的。A.new新的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. earlier早的；D.ordinary普通的。根据was used to，可知，作者以前习惯用双语词典，所以对双语词典比较熟悉。familiar符合语境，故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我习惯了熟悉的双语词典，其中的单词是用英语和汉语解释的。A.explained解释；B.expressed表达；C.described描述；D.created 创建。根据常识，词典是一种词汇书，按字母顺序排列单词和短语，并附有对该词的解释的书。explain符合语境。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真不明白我阿姨为什么决定要为难我。A.offered提供；B.agreed同意；C.decided决定；D.happened发生。根据第一段第一句“When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary.(当我刚进入大学时，我的阿姨，她是一位英语教授，给了我一本新的英语词典。)”，以及下文“ 17 , I have come to see what she meant.(我渐渐明白了她的意思。)”可知，这本词典是阿姨在作者去上大学时的礼物，阿姨买下这本词典，来帮助作者提高英语。decided符合语境。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，在大学学习了三年英语之后，我知道单语词典在学习外语方面更好。A.imagine想象；B.recommend推荐；C. predict预测；D.understand理解；明白。根据下一段的内容，作者从原来不知道阿姨送她一本使用有难度的英英词典的意图，到发现这个词典对她学英语的帮助比中英双语词典更好。实践使她明白了这个道理，故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，在大学学习了三年英语之后，我知道单语词典在学习外语方面更好。A.natural自然的；B.better更好的；C.easier更容易的；D. convenient方便的。根据下文“When I read these definitions, I am 19 exposed to(接触)the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. 20 this, I can express myself more easily in English.(当我阅读这些定义时，我反复接触基本词汇，学习它们如何解释物体和思想。正因为如此，我可以更容易地用英语表达自己。)”可知，使用英英词典对于作者的英语学习帮助很大，better符合语境。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：我发现，事实上，在两种语言中，两个词之间往往没有完全对等的。A.at least至少；B. in fact实际上；C. at times有时；D. in case万一。根据上文“I was used to the 6 bilingual dictionaries, in which the word are 7 both in English and Chinese.(我习惯用熟悉的双语词典，其中的单词是用英语和汉语解释的。)”可知，原来作者认为双语词典能让她理解英语单词，但是在使用了英英词典之后，发现两个语言之间没有完全对等的词，这与她原来的观点相左，in fact符合语境，故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现，事实上，在两种语言中，两个词之间往往没有完全对等的。A.words单词；B.names名字；C.ideas想法；D.characters字符。根据下文“My aunt even goes so far as to 13 that a Chinese ‘equivalent’ can never give you the 14 meaning of a word in English!(我的阿姨甚至声明，一个中文的‘对等词’永远不能给你一个英文单词的确切意思！)”可知，作者在使用了三年的英英词典之后，有了新的体会和发现：在两种语言中没有完全对等的两个词。words符合语境，故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的阿姨甚至声明，一个中文的“对等词”永远不能给你一个英文单词的确切意思！A.hope希望；B. declare宣布，声明；C.doubt怀疑；D.tell告诉。根据第一段第一句“When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary.(当我刚进入大学时，我的阿姨，她是一位英语教授，给了我一本新的英语词典。)”可知，作者的这位阿姨是英语教授，在英语学习方面深有研究，说的话有权威性，declare符合语境，故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词动词词义辨析。句意：我的阿姨甚至宣称，一个中文的“对等词”永远不能给你一个英文单词的确切意思！A.exact精确的；B. basic基本的；C.translated翻译；D.expected期待。根据上文“As I found out,there is, 11 , often no perfect equivalence(对应)between two 12 in two languages.(我发现，事实上，在两种语言中，两个词之间往往没有完全对等的。)”可知，英语单词找不到中文中的对等词，所谓的中文对等词不能精确表达英语单词的意思。exact符合语境，故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我想更好地理解一个单词的意思时，她坚持让我阅读单语词典中的定义。A.Rather而不是；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Instead代替。上文“My aunt even goes so far as to 13 that a Chinese ‘equivalent’ can never give you the 14 meaning of a word in English!(我的阿姨甚至宣称，一个中文的‘对等词’永远不能给你一个英文单词的确切意思！)”可知，这位阿姨的观点是她要求作者坚持使用英英词典的原因。therefore符合语境，故选C 项。
【36题详解】
考查从属连词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我想更好地理解一个单词的意思时，她坚持让我阅读单语词典中的定义。A.when当；B. before在……之前；C. until直到……为止；D.while然而。根据上文“My aunt even goes so far as to 13 that a Chinese ‘equivalent’ can never give you the 14 meaning of a word in English!(我的阿姨甚至宣称，一个中文的‘对等词’永远不能给你一个英文单词的确切意思！)”可知，这位阿姨在作者学习英语时，给予了词汇学习的指导，每次作者想查单词意思时，阿姨都坚决要求作者得查英英词典。when符合语境，故选A项。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我渐渐明白了她的意思。A.Largely大体上；B.Generally通常；C.Gradually逐渐地；D.Probably可能。上文“I really wondered why my aunt 8 to make things so difficult for me.Now, after studying English at university for three years, I 9 that monolingual dictionaries are 10 in learning a foreign language.(我真不明白我阿姨为什么决定要为难我。现在，在大学学习了三年英语之后，我知道单语词典在学习外语方面更好。)”可知，在使用这本英英词典三年中，作者获益匪浅，这三年时间里，作者也逐渐体会到了阿姨送她这本词典的用意。Gradually符合语境，故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这本词典在释义中使用的单词数量有限，大约2000个。A.extra额外的；B. average普通的；C. total总的；D. limited有限的。与英语单词总的词汇量相比，2000个词汇不多，limited符合语境。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我阅读这些定义时，我反复接触基本词汇，学习它们如何解释物体和思想。A.repeatedly反复地；B. nearly几乎；C. immediately立即；D.anxiously忧虑地。根据上文“Using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way.This dictionary uses a(n) 18 number of words, around 2,000, in its definitions.(使用学习者的单语词典在另一个重要的方面帮助了我。这本词典在释义中使用的单词数量有限，大约2000个。)”可知，英英词典用约2000个基本词汇进行单词释义，所以作者在查阅单词时，能反复看到这些基本词汇。故选A项。
【40题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：正因为如此，我可以更容易地用英语表达自己。A.According to根据；B. In relation to关于；C. In addition to除……之外；D. Because of因为。根据上文“This dictionary uses a(n) 18 number of words, around 2,000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am 19 exposed to(接触)the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas.(这本词典在释义中使用的单词数量有限，大约2000个。当我阅读这些定义时，我反复接触基本词汇，学习它们如何解释物体和思想。)”可知，通过翻阅英英词典，作者熟练掌握了基本词汇的运用，因此，在表达时更得心应手。Because of符合语境，故选D项。
四 语法填空（15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently, 16 Chinese online novels have been added to the collection of the British Library. ___41___ (cover) themes of science fiction, history, reality and fantasy, these works are considered the classics of Chinese online literature from the past 20 years.
The library usually selects works ___42___ (base) on their popularity or by considering an item’s value. Readers can check the information about the 16 books on the library’s website, and borrow printed ___43___ (copy). As one of the current key parts of mass cultural consumption, ___44___ began with “fast food” romanced, fantasies and mysteries, the Chinese online literature industry has received increasing ___45___ (recognize) from home and abroad.
One of the 16 novels, Happiness in Palm tells a story about love and delicacies (美食) in ancient times. The author created a ___46___ (represent) heroine who was tough and intelligent, facing up to hardships with courage, perseverance and optimism. “It’s ___47___ surprise to me that online fiction can be added to the collection of a foreign library. ___48___ feels like the path of online novel writing is becoming much ___49___ (wide)” the writer says.
Great Power, Heavy Industry tells of how China’s manufacturing industries ___50___ (grow) stronger in recent decades, and foreign readers can learn about the Chinese system and culture behind the country’s swift economic development, getting to know China better in the process.
【答案】41. Covering
42. based 43. copies
44. which 45. recognition
46. representative
47. a 48. It
49. wider 50. have grown
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了大英图书馆新增了16部中国网络小说。这些作品涵盖了科幻、历史、现实和奇幻的方方面面，被认为是近20年来中国网络文学的经典之作。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些作品涵盖了科幻、历史、现实和奇幻的方方面面，被认为是近20年来中国网络文学的经典之作。设空处在句中作非谓语，和逻辑主语these works之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填Covering。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：图书馆通常根据作品的受欢迎程度或作品的价值来选择作品。设空处在句中作非谓语，和逻辑主语works之间是被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式作后置定语。故填based。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：读者可以在图书馆网站上查询这16本书的相关信息，并借阅印刷本。设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词的形式，空前无限定词修饰，应用名词复数形式表泛指。故填copies。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国网络文学产业作为当前大众文化消费的重要组成部分之一，从浪漫的“快餐”、幻想和神秘开始，越来越受到国内外的认可。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为mass cultural consumption，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词；recognition“认可”是抽象概念为不可数名词。故填recognition。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：作者塑造了一个坚强、聪明、勇敢、坚持、乐观地面对困难的代表性女主人公。设空处后为名词，形容词修饰名词，设空处应用形容词的形式。故填representative。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：作者说：“外国图书馆能收藏网络小说，这让我很惊讶。感觉网络小说写作路径变得越来越宽了。”设空处后为名词surprise，表示“一件惊讶的事”，为可数名词单数形式；设空处表泛指，应用不定冠词，且该词的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。
【48题详解】
考查代词。句意同上。固定句型it feels like (that)…感觉……，故填It。
【49题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意同7小题。much修饰比较级，设空处应用比较级形式作表语。故填wider。
50题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：《大国，重工业》讲述了中国制造业在近几十年是如何发展壮大的，外国读者可以了解中国经济快速发展背后的中国制度和文化，在这个过程中更好地了解中国。设空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语in recent decades，可知句子的时态为现在完成时，主语为industries，结合主谓一致。故填have grown。
五. 短文改错（10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
Yesterday, a group of students from the UK visited our school art gallery, which they saw lots of Chinese paintings.
On arriving the gallery, the students were amazing at the unique gate. I had started the tour with a vivid introduction. Since they had all learned some Chinese, I explained everything in plainly Chinese. The students were deeply impressed by the works of students and teachers, but they couldn’t help shooting photo.
With their interest arousing, three of the British students drew one painting together and presented them to us.
The gallery witnessed a enjoyable time for all of us.
【答案】1.which→where 或在which前加in
2.arriving后添加at
3.amazing→amazed
4.删去had
5.plainly→plain
6.but→and
7.photos→photos
8.arousing→aroused
9.them→it
10.a→an
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了昨天，一群来自英国的学生参观了作者学校的美术馆，在那里他们看到了很多中国画。
【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：昨天，一群来自英国的学生参观了我们学校的美术馆，在那里他们看到了很多中国画。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词art gallery，从句缺少地点状语应用where或in which引导。故which改为where 或在which前加in。
2.考查介词。句意：一到画廊，学生们就被这个独特的大门惊呆了。表示“到达”短语为arrive at。故arriving后添加at。
3.考查形容词。句意：一到画廊，学生们就被这个独特的大门惊呆了。主语为students，应用-ed结尾形容词amazed；amazing用于修饰物，表示“令人惊讶的”不符合语境。故amazing改为amazed。
4.考查时态。句意：我以生动的介绍开始了这次旅行。描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故删去had。
5.考查形容词。句意：因为他们都学过一些中文，所以我用浅显的中文解释一切。修饰名词Chinese应用形容词plain，作定语。故plainly改为plain。
6.考查连词。句意：同学们和老师们的作品给学生们留下了深刻的印象，他们情不自禁地拍下了照片。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故but改为and。
7.考查名词的数。句意：同学们和老师们的作品给学生们留下了深刻的印象，他们情不自禁地拍下了照片。短语shoot photos表示“拍照”。故photos改为photos。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：三位英国学生很感兴趣，一起画了一幅画给我们看。arouse与interest构成被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。故arousing改为aroused。
9.考查代词。句意：三位英国学生很感兴趣，一起画了一幅画给我们看。此处指上文painting应用代词it。故them改为it。
10.考查冠词。句意：画廊见证了我们所有人愉快的时光。enjoyable是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用冠词an。故a改为an。
六.写作（25分）
52. 假设你是校英语报编辑李华，收到一封来自学生小明的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：进入高二后，由于学习压力增大，逐渐产生了焦虑的情绪。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。
内容要点如下:
1. 表示理解；
2. 提出建议并说明理由；
3. 表示祝福。
注意：
1. 词数 120 左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Xiaoming,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Xiaoming,
I’m sorry to know that you’re having such a bad time at the moment, but there is no need to worry as nobody can avoid such troubles in life and what matters most is how we deal with them. My suggestions are as follows.
First, you need to reflect on your study to identify the problems. Second, it’s better to turn to your teachers who would help you analyze the problems rationally and give you some professional guidance. Last but not the least, stay in a good state. Talk to the ones you trust to relieve your stress and always believe that all the setbacks are temporary. Only through self-belief, hard work and perseverance can we achieve our final goal.
I hope my suggestions will help you out. Wish you a happy life and a good performance in your study.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达为应用文。要求考生给小明同学的求助信写一封回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestions→proposal/recommendation/offer/advise
处理：deal with→dispose/manage/ handle
指导：guidance→direction
实现： achieve→realize/come true
2.句式拓展
原句变同义句
原句：Talk to the ones you trust to relieve your stress and always believe that all the setbacks are temporary.
拓展句：Talk to the ones who you trust and you will relieve your stress and find out that all the setbacks are temporary.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I’m sorry to know that you’re having such a bad time at the moment,but there is no need to worry as nobody can avoid such troubles in life and what matters most is how we deal with them. （运用了there be句型和what及how引导的名词性从句）
【高分句型2】Only through self-belief, hard work and perseverance can we achieve our final goal. （运用了only引导的部分倒装句）
听力：(1)A (2)C (3)B (4)B (5)C (6)A (7)B (8)B (9)A
(10)B (11)C (12)C (13)C (14)B (15)A (16)B (17)C (18)C (19)A (20)A
成都七中2022-2023学年度高二（上）期期中考试
英语
一 听力部分 无音频 30分
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完 每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
(1)What kind of music did the woman like very much?
A.Rock. B.Pop. C.Jazz.
(2)Why was the man surprised?
A.The woman was late.
B.The woman worked overtime.
C.The woman came to the party.
(3)What does the woman ask the man to do?
A.Call her friend. B.Watch her pet. C.Buy her some milk.
(4)Who will pay the bill?
A.The woman. B.The man’s sister C.The woman’s sister.
(5)What do we know about the woman?
A.She has got the chance to perform.
B.She didn’t have much time to practice.
C.She is pretty confident of winning the contest.
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完 后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 题。
(6)What is the man doing?
A.Buying books. B.Returning books. C.Borrowing books.
(7)How much should the man pay?
A. 160. B. 210. C. 250.
听下面一段对话，回答第 8 和第 9 题。
(8)Why did the woman go to Florida on vacation?
A.To meet her cousin. B.To visit her friend. C.To tour a university.
(9)What did the man do on his vacation?
A.He watched movies. B.He studied at college. C.He stayed with a friend.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12题。
(10)Which month is it now?
A.December. B.January. C.February.
(11)What will the man do during the vacation?
A.Travel abroad. B.Prepare for his wedding. C.Have a family reunion.
(12)What does the woman ask the man to buy?
A.A glass of tea. B.A pair of glasses. C.A tea set.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16题。
(13)What's the relationship between the speakers?
A.Roommates. B.Good friends. C.Fellow students.
(14)When did Josh start college?
A.A week ago. B.A year ago. C.Three months ago.
(15)Why does Lizzy want to move?
A.She wants younger company.
B.She wants to live in the dorm.
C.She doesn't get along with the host family.
(16)What will Lizzy probably do next?
A.Visit a student. B.Give Rachael a call. C.Hang out with friends.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20题。
(17)What would MAD Architects prefer buildings to be like?
A.More naturally attractive.
B.More traditionally designed.
C.More environmentally friendly.
(18)What does MAD Architects want to provide?
A.The situation of separation from nature.
B.The experience of living in ancient times.
C.The feeling of being in the natural world.
(19)Where will the Urban Forest be built?
A.In Chongqing. B.In Beijing. C.In Rome.
(20)Who should apply for a job according to the talk?
A.Architects. B.Engineers. C.Office workers.
二. 阅读理解（40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Olympic flame:
The Olympic flame is a symbol carried over from the ancient Olympics, where a flame burned at the altar (神坛) of Zeus throughout competition. It was finally reintroduced at the 1924 Amsterdam Games, and again burned in 1932.
Carl Diem, chairman of the organizing committee for the 1936 Berlin Games, proposed that the flame be lit in Greece and transported to Berlin via a torch relay. The idea was adopted, and continued at every Olympic Games since 1952.
The flame is lit at the ancient site of Olympia by the natural rays of the sun reflected off a curved mirror. It is lit at a ceremony by women dressed in robes resembling those worn in ancient times, who then pass it to the first relay runner.
Olympic motto:
“Citius, altius, fortius” is a Latin phrase meaning “swifter, higher, stronger”, which Baron de Coubertin borrowed from Father Henri Martin Dideon of Paris. Dideon was headmaster of Arcueil College, and used the phrase to describe the athletic achievements of students at the school. He had previously been at the Albert Le Grand school, where the Latin words were carved in stone above the main entrance.
Olympic oath (宣誓)
“In the name of all competitors, I promise that we shall take part in these Olympic Games, respecting and abiding by the rules that govern them, in the true spirit of sportsmanship, for the glory of sport and the honour of our teams.”
Written by Baron de Coubertin, the oath is taken by an athlete from the host nation while holding a comer of the Olympic flag. The athletes’ oath was first taken by Belgian fencer Victor Boin at the 1920 Antwerp Games. A judge from the host country also speaks the oath, with slightly different wording.
1. The Olympic flame was first burned at ________ in modem times.
A. the 1952 Games B. the 1924 Games C. the 1932 Games D. the 1936 Games
2. From the passage we can learn that ________.
A. the torch relay was held at every Olympic Games since 1936
B. the Olympic motto was originally written by Baron de Coubertin
C. the Olympic athletes’ oath was first taken at the Antwerp Games
D. the Olympic judges make a vow with completely different wording
3. This passage is probably taken from ________.
A. the Olympic official website B. a daily news report
C. a promotional advertisement D. an acadernic research
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奥林匹克圣火、奥林匹克格言和奥林匹克誓言的由来。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Olympic flame”部分第一段内容“The Olympic flame is a symbol carried over from the ancient Olympics, where a flame burned at the altar (神坛) of Zeus throughout competition. It was finally reintroduced at the 1924 Amsterdam Games, and again burned in 1932.”（奥运圣火是从古代奥运会延续下来的一种象征，在整个比赛过程中，圣火在宙斯神坛上燃烧。它最终在1924年阿姆斯特丹奥运会上被重新引入，并在1932年再次被烧毁。）可知，奥运圣火是在1924年阿姆斯特丹奥运会上被重新引入的，由此可知，奥运圣火在现代首次被燃烧是在1924年奥运会上。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段关键句“The athletes’ oath was first taken by Belgian fencer Victor Boin at the 1920 Antwerp Games.”（在1920年安特卫普奥运会上，比利时击剑运动员维克多·博因首次进行运动员宣誓。）可知，奥运会上运动员首次宣誓是由比利时击剑运动员维克多·博因在1920年安特卫普奥运会上进行的，由此可知，奥运会运动员的宣誓是在安特卫普奥运会上首次进行的。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读文章，文章主要介绍了“The Olympic flame”（奥林匹克圣火）、“Olympic motto”（奥林匹克格言）和“Olympic oath”（ 奥林匹克誓言）三部分内容，由此可知，这是一篇介绍奥林匹克运动会的文章，结合选项可知，介绍奥运会的文章可能摘自奥运会官方网站。故选A项。
B
At 74 James Patterson has sold more than 425 million copies of his 200 novels globally, making him one of the highest paid authors in the world. “I do not work for a living. I play for a living. I love doing it,” Patterson tells CNBC. But Patterson’s road to success didn’t happen overnight. He started writing as a side hustle and he faced a lot of rejection before getting his first book published.
Patterson grew up in the woods in Newburgh, New York with an insurance salesman father and a schoolteacher mother. Despite having dreams of being a writer, the idea “always seemed presumptuous”, Patterson says. But after reading books by James Joyce, “it really turned me on to reading, and then I started writing,” he says.
After college, Patterson got his first job as a junior copy writer at the advertising agency J. Walter Thompson. While climbing the corporate ladder, Patterson wrote his first book, The Thomas Berryman Number in the mid-70s. The book “got turned down by 31 publishers”, Patterson says. But after it was finally published in 1976, “then it won an Edgar Award for best first novel.” The Edgar Award, which is named after Edgar Alan Poe, honors the best writers in mystery fiction and non-fiction.
Despite publishing his first book at age 26, Patterson didn’t have a bestseller until he was 40. “It wasn’t like all of a sudden,” he says. In fact, Patterson kept his day job for decades and got promoted to CEO of J. Walter Thompson in 1988. During that time, Patterson says he would read well over 100 books a year to help spark his creativity. “I have a huge imagination and I’m constantly asking, what about this? What about that?” he says.
Despite his success, Patterson says he doesn’t like to give advice, especially about writing. But he credits his own success to his work ethic and passion. “I also don’t take myself too seriously,” he says. “Yeah, I sell a lot of books, so what?”
4. What do we know about James Patterson?
A. He produced a bestseller when he was 26.
B. He read a lot of books to get source of inspiration.
C. He worked as a full-time writer when he was young.
D. He got inspiration for his first book when climbing a ladder.
5. What does the underlined word “presumptuous” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Unrealistic. B. Contradictory. C. Imaginative. D. Inspiring.
6. What can we infer about James Patterson from the last paragraph?
A. He has sold a lot of books. B. He doesn’t take his job seriously.
C. He values positive attitudes to work. D. He is unwilling to give advice to readers.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. The Secret to Career Success B. A Tough Road to a Bestseller Writer
C. An Edgar Award Winner D. A Not-to-be-missed Fiction
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了畅销书作者James Patterson的相关事迹。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句提到“Patterson says he would read well over 100 books a year to help spark his creativity”（帕特森说，在那段时间里，他每年会阅读超过100本书，以发自己的创造力)可知，Patterson通过大量的阅读来获取灵感。故选B。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。第二段第一句“Patterson grew up in the woods in Newburgh, New York with an insurance salesman father and a schoolteacher mother.”（帕特森在纽约纽堡的树林中长大，父亲是保险推销员，母亲是教师)和该段最后一句“it really turned me on to reading, and then I started writing”(读了James Joyce的书之后，它真的让我对阅读产生了兴趣，然后我开始写作)推知，在这样一个父母工作比较稳定的家庭里，作家这个职业相对有些不切实际、不稳定。A.Unrealistic不现实的；B.Contradictory相反的；C Imaginative充满想象力的；D.Inspiring鼓舞人心的。A项符合文意。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段最后两句提到“But he credits his own success to his work ethic and passion.“I also don’t take myself too seriously” he says.“Yeah, I sell a lot of books. so what? （但他将自己的成功归功于自己的职业道德和激情。“我也不太把自己当回事，”他说。“是啊，我卖了很多书，那又怎样?”）可知，Patterson认为是自己对于写作的积极态度才取得了成功。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。综合文章内容可知，第二段提到Patterson最开始成为作家的梦想是“不切实际的”，第三段提到了Patterson在成为作家之前的工作经历，并且为了写作每年要看一百多本书的积累。虽然Patterson在26岁时就发表了自己的第一本书，但是在他40岁的时候才成为一名畅销书作家。由此判断，Patterson成为作家的道路并不是一帆风顺的。B项“成为畅销书作家的艰难之路”，符合文意。故选B。
【点睛】
C
While many people aren’t getting enough calcium (钙), new research cautions that some people may have the opposite problem: they could be getting too much. Americans spend more than $1 billion a year on calcium supplements in hopes of delaying osteoporosis, a kind of bone disease that disables many elderly women and some men. Yet recent studies link calcium supplements to a higher risk of heart attacks. Last month, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force issued a draft recommendation against taking calcium and vitamin D，saying there wasn’t enough evidence of benefit to justify the risk.
For generations of Americans who grew up encouraged to drink milk to maintain strong bones, the reports raised troubling questions: Is calcium not so important after all? Are the supplements unsafe? And how much is too much? “It’s gotten very confusing but it doesn’t need to be,” says Ethel Siris, director of the Toni Stabile Osteoporosis Center in New York. How much calcium people need varies by age and gender. “Adults generally need 1,000 mg daily, rising to 1,200 mg for women over 50 and men over 70, according to guidelines issued in 2010. Children need 1,300 mg daily during the peak growing years of 9 to 18.”
People also need sufficient levels of vitamin D to absorb the calcium. The IOM recommends 600 international units a day for most adults, and 800 daily after age 70，although many physicians recommend more. It is difficult to take in that much vitamin D from food sources, so experts say many people should take vitamin D in supplement form.
Getting adequate calcium from food is easier. For example, 8 ounces of milk or 6 ounces of yogurt has 300 mg of calcium, and one cup of spinach has 270 mg.
But studies linking calcium supplements to heart attack have made experts more cautious of excess calcium than before. A study of 24,000 Germans published in the journal Heart last month, found that those who got their calcium exclusively from supplements were more than twice as likely to have a heart attack as those who took no supplements.
Exactly how calcium supplements might contribute to heart attacks baffles experts. “Nobody has associated the calcium in your bloodstream with calcification(钙化)in your arteries(动脉),” says Nieca Goldberg, medical director of the Joan H. Tisch Center. Still, she says she now urges patients get their recommended calcium from food rather than from supplements to avoid possible problems.
Osteoporosis experts also urge patients not to take more than the recommended amount of calcium. “People should definitely stop taking two big calcium supplements a day,” says Dr. Dawson-Hughes. Even if the risks remain unclear, taking more than the body can absorb doesn’t benefit bones,” so it’s not worth any risk.” She adds.
8. According to the new studies, what might be the result of taking much calcium?
A Delaying aging. B. Building muscles.
C. Causing heart problems. D. Curing bone diseases.
9. What is Ethel Siris’ opinion on taking calcium supplements?
A. Taking calcium supplements is unsafe.
B. Adults need more calcium than children.
C. It is much safer to take calcium from food.
D. Age and gender determine the amount of calcium taken.
10. What does the underlined word “baffle” in Paragraph 6 mean?
A. Interest. B. Puzzle.
C. Amaze. D. Frighten.
11. What can we learn from the passage?
A. It is helpful to take two calcium supplements a day.
B. It is important to maintain strong bones for women.
C. It is unnecessary to take too much calcium supplement.
D. It is best to take calcium and vitamin D from supplement.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍大多数人喜欢从保健品上过多的摄取钙，以为对身体有好处，实际上相关研究证明这样做没有好处，反而可能有害处。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Yet recent studies link calcium supplements to a higher risk of heart attacks. (最近的研究表明额外补钙与较高的心脏病风险有联系)”可知，摄入过多的钙可能会导致心脏病。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“How much calcium people need varies by age and gender. (人们所需钙的摄入量因年龄和性别不同而有所不同)”可知，Ethel Siris认为性别和年龄是决定每个人所需钙的摄入量的决定因素。故选D项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。第六段“‘Nobody has associated the calcium in your bloodstream with calcification in your arteries, ’ says Nieca Goldberg, medical director of the Joan H. Tisch Center. Still, she says she now urges patients get their recommended calcium from food than from supplements to avoid possible problems. (Joan H. Tisch中心的主任医师Nieca Goldberg认为虽然还没有人将血液中的钙和人体动脉的钙化联系在一起，她还是劝她的病人从食物中摄取钙，而不是从保健品上摄取，以防可能出现的问题)”可知，她虽然不确定血液中钙的含量对心血管疾病有害，但也不敢下定论说完全没有害。故可推断，这个问题让心脏病专家也感到困惑。由此推知动词“baffle”意思为“使困惑”，与“puzzle”同义。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段“Even if the risks remain unclear, taking more than the body can absorb doesn't benefit bones (虽然风险还不确定，摄取比身体能够吸收的量还要多的钙对骨头没什么益处)”可推知，摄入过量即使没有危害，也是没什么必要的。故选C项。
D
Cotton bags have become a means for brands, retailers and supermarkets to convey a planet-friendly mindset— or, at least, to show that the companies are aware of the overuse of plastic in packaging.
Earth-friendly? Not exactly. It turns out the wholehearted embrace of cotton bags may actually have created a new problem. An organic cotton tote (提包) needs to be used 20,000 times to make up for its overall impact of production, according to a 2018 study by the Ministry of Environment and Food of Denmark. That equates to daily use for 54 years—for just one bag. Cotton is water-intensive, and figuring out how to dispose of a tote in an environmentally low-impact way is not nearly as simple as people think, according to Travis Wagner, an environmental science professor at the University of Maine.
You can’t, for example, just put a tote in a compost bin, and only 15 percent of the 30 million tons of cotton produced every year actually makes its way to textile depositories (仓库). Even when a tote does make it to a treatment plant, most dyes used to print logos onto them are PVC-based and thus not recyclable; “they’re extremely difficult to break down chemically,” said Christopher Stanev, the co-founder of Evrnu, a Seattle-based textile recycling firm. Printed patterns have to be cut out of the cloth; Mr. Stanev estimates 10 to 15 percent of the cotton Evrnu receives is wasted this way.
That’s not to say cotton is worse than plastic, or that the two should even be compared. While cotton can use pesticides (杀虫剂) and has dried up rivers from water consumption, lightweight plastic bags use greenhouse gas-emitting fossil fuels, are not biodegradable (可生物降解的) and will clog up the oceans.
Buffy Reid, of the knitwear label & Daughter, halted production of her cotton bags in April this year. Aesop is converting the composition of its shopping bags to a 60—40 blend of recycled and organic cotton. Designer Ally Capellino recently swapped cotton for hemp (大麻), while Hindmarch introduced a new version of her original tote, this time made from recycled water bottles.
In the end, the simplest solution may be the most obvious. “Not every product needs a bag,” Comey says.
12. According to paragraph 2, what can we learn about cotton bags?
A. It is easy to recycle cotton bags.
B. Using cotton bags is environmentally-friendly.
C. Producing cotton consumes a lot of water.
D. Producing cotton bags does no harm to the environment.
13. What do we know about disposing of cotton bags?
A. Disposing of cotton wastes a lot of water.
B. Dyes used to print logos are recyclable.
C. Printed patterns on cotton bags cannot be recycled.
D. A lot of cotton bags make their way to textile depositories.
14. What is the author’s opinion of comparing cotton with plastic?
A. Cotton is worse than plastic. B. Plastic is worse than cotton.
C. The two should not be compared. D. Both have disadvantages.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Cotton bags—a new fashion.
B. Not every product needs a bag.
C. Cotton bags—a way to be earth-friendly.
D. Are cotton bags harmless to the environment?
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。文章主要讲述了当前各大超市和零售商都使用棉袋传达环保的理念，但其实使用棉袋并没有想象中环保，它引发了一些列新的问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“Cotton is water-intensive, and figuring out how to dispose of a tote in an environmentally low-impact way is not nearly as simple as people think, according to Travis Wagner, an environmental science professor at the University of Maine.（缅因大学环境科学教授特拉维斯·瓦格纳表示，棉花耗水量大，要弄清楚如何以对环境低影响的方式处理手提包并不像人们想象的那么简单。）”可知，棉袋没有人们想象中那么对地球友好，它会耗费大量的水。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Even when a tote does make it to a treatment plant, most dyes used to print logos onto them are PVC-based and thus not recyclable; “they’re extremely difficult to break down chemically,” said Christopher Stanev, the co-founder of Evrnu, a Seattle-based textile recycling firm. （即使手提包确实可以到达处理厂，大多数用于在它们上打印徽标的染料都是基于PVC的，因此不可回收；总部位于西雅图的纺织品回收公司Evrnu的联合创始人Christopher Stanev说，“它们极难在化学上分解。”）”可知，棉袋上打印的染料是不可回收的。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第四段“That’s not to say cotton is worse than plastic, or that the two should even be compared. While cotton can use pesticides (杀虫剂) and has dried up rivers from water consumption, lightweight plastic bags use greenhouse gas-emitting fossil fuels, are not biodegradable (可生物降解的) and will clog up the oceans. （这并不是说棉布袋比塑料袋更糟，或者二者可以相提并论。尽管生产棉花需要使用杀虫剂，还会耗费大量的水，但是制作轻薄塑料袋的化石燃料会产生温室气体，不能被生物降解，还会在海洋中堆积成山。）”可知，作者认为不该将棉花和塑料放一起比较，两者都有自己的缺点。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Cotton bags have become a means for brands, retailers and supermarkets to convey a planet-friendly mindset— or, at least, to show that the companies are aware of the overuse of plastic in packaging.（棉袋已成为品牌、零售商和超市传达环保心态的一种手段，或者至少表明这些公司意识到包装中过度使用塑料。）”和第二段前两句“Earth-friendly? Not exactly. It turns out the wholehearted embrace of cotton bags may actually have created a new problem. （对地球友好？不完全是。事实证明，全心全意地拥抱棉袋实际上可能造成了一个新的问题。）”可知，本文主要讲述的是棉袋是否真的可以更加环保。故选D。
七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The way individuals collectively remember, forget, and recall event, people, places, etc, has been an important topic of research on collective memory. ____16____ He developed the concept of collective memory, arguing that individual memories are only understood within the context of a group through time and space. In all cases, most research on memory studies relies on long procedures ____17____ They include theoretical concepts, the study of historical sources, oral histories, case studies, interviews, and surveys. For example, one group of researchers carried out several interviews to investigate younger and older American adults for three wars, namely, the Civil War, World War Ⅱ, and the Iraq War. ____18____ Both younger and older adults recalled the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki; however, they differed in how they rated the bombings.
More recently, memory study scholars tend to stress the significance of the media in shaping collective memories: “Culture and individuals’ memory are constantly produced through the technologies of memory.” Under this perspective, research often involves content analysis of news and the use of surveys or interviews for analyzing the public memory. ____19____
However, developments in digital technologies in recent years have significantly influenced how we keep track of events both as individuals and as a collective. “The Internet doesn’t forget.” The Internet has had strong impacts on memory and the processes of remembering and forgetting. ____20____ Analyzing different Web documents, researchers have shown that more recent past events are remembered more vividly in the present.
A. Research on collective memory is often based on various aspects.
B. There are a few simple things a person can do to help improve their memory.
C. Maurice Halbwachs is recognized as the father of collective memory research.
D. Although all Americans recalled similar events,the interpretation changed over the generations.
E. Also,scholars have studied the role of journalists as collective memory agents by analyzing their stories.
F. Recently developed information technologies have affected how we create,store and recall information.
G. Meanwhile,it has transformed collective memory into an observable phenomenon that can be tracked and measured online.
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了什么叫共同记忆，媒体是如何塑造共同记忆的以及现代数码技术在共同记忆的保存方面又发挥了什么样的作用。
【16题详解】
下一句出现he，he指代前一句出现的人物，由此可以推断空格处应该会出现研究集体记忆的重要人物。只有C项有人名，且C项意为“人们认为Maurice Halbwachs是集体记忆研究之父”。C项切题。故选C项。
【17题详解】
下一句出现了they，they指代前一句出现的复数名词。A项意为“关于集体记忆的研究经常会基于很多方面展开。”They include theoretical concepts, the study of historical sources, oral histories, case studies, interviews, and surveys.这一句话是对A项中various aspects的展开陈述。且A项中various aspects又呼应了空格上一句的long procedures。A项切题，故选A项。
【18题详解】
空格前一句话说开展采访来研究年青一代和老一代美国人对三次战争的看法。那空格处应该讲到采访的结果是什么。D项正是研究结果，意为“所有的美国人都会回忆起相似的事件，但是每个年代的人对这些事情的解读是不一样的”。空格后一句又是对D项的具体例子说明。Both younger and older adults recalled the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki具体对应“所有的美国人都会回忆起相似的事件”，however, they differed in how they rated the bombings对应说明了“但是每个年代的人对这些事情的解读是不一样的”。D项切题。故选D项。
【19题详解】
本段在讲媒体在塑造集体记忆过程中所发挥的作用。空格处也应该是围绕媒体的作用在说明。E项中提到了journalists，呼应了首句的media。空格前一句在讲“我们经常会研究新闻的内容，以及在分析公众记忆的时候使用调查和采访的方式”。E项意为“同时，学者们通过分析故事来研究记者们作为集体记忆传话人的角色”。E项符合本段主题。故选E项。
【20题详解】
本段在讲数码技术尤其是网络在我们记录事件过程中发挥的作用。前一句说“网络不会忘记。网络对记忆力以及记忆和忘记的过程产生了非常大的影响”。空格处应该承接上句继续讲述网络在我们记忆中扮演的角色。G项意为“同时，它把共同记忆转变为一种可以观察的现象。通过网络，这种共同记忆可以被查询和被人评价”。it指代the Internet，online呼应本段主题。G项符合文意。故选G项。
三 . 完形填空（30分）
阅读下面短文，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上相应番 号处将该项涂黑。
第二节完形填空（共20小题；
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary. I was 1 to see that it was an English-English dictionary, also known as a monolingual dictionary. 2 it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one 3 , to be honest, I found it extremely 4 to use at first. I would look up words in the dictionary and 5 not fully understand the meanings. I was used to the 6 bilingual dictionaries, in which the word are 7 both in English and Chinese. I really wondered why my aunt 8 to make things so difficult for me. Now, after studying English at university for three years, I 9 that monolingual dictionaries are 10 in learning a foreign language.
As I found out, there is, 11 , often no perfect equivalence(对应)between two 12 in two languages. My aunt even goes so far as to 13 that a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the 14 meaning of a word in English! 15 , she insisted that I read the definition(定义)of a word in a monolingual dictionary 16 I wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning. 17 , I have come to see what she meant.
Using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way. This dictionary uses a(n) 18 number of words, around 2,000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am 19 exposed to(接触)the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. 20 this, I can express myself more easily in English.
21. A. worried B. sad C. surprised D. nervous
22. A. Because B. Although C. Unless D. If
23. A. but B. so C. or D. and
24. A. difficult B. interesting C. ambiguous D. practical
25. A. thus B. even C. still D. again
26. A. new B. familiar C. earlier D. ordinary
27. A. explained B. expressed C. described D. created
28. A. offered B. agreed C. decided D. happened
29. A. imagine B. recommend C. predict D. understand
30. A. natural B. better C. easier D. convenient
31 A. at least B. in fact C. at times D. in case
32. A. words B. names C. ideas D. characters
33. A. hope B. declare C. doubt D. tell
34. A. exact B. basic C. translated D. expected
35. A. Rather B. However C. Therefore D. Instead
36. A. when B. before C. until D. while
37. A. Largely B. Generally C. Gradually D. Probably
38. A. extra B. average C. total D. limited
39. A. repeatedly B. nearly C. immediately D. anxiously
40. A. According to B. In relation to C. In addition to D. Because of
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者收到当英语教授的阿姨的英英词典，从当初的不理解安逸的用意，到逐渐发现这个词典对她英语学习的帮助，体会到了阿姨的用心良苦。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我惊讶地发现这是一本英英词典，也被称为单语词典。A.worried担心的；B.sad悲伤的；C.surprise惊讶的；D.nervous紧张的。根据下文“ 2 it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one 3 , to be honest, I found it extremely 4 to use at first.(虽然这本字典是为非母语学习者准备的，但我的同学都没有，而且说实话，刚开始我发现它很难用。)”可知，作者对于收到这本英英词典很惊讶，不仅仅是别的同学都没有这样的词典，还因为这词典用起来很困难。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然这本词典是为非母语学习者准备的，但我的同学都没有，而且说实话，刚开始我发现它很难用。A.Because因为；B.Although虽然；C. Unless除非；D. If如果。根据句意可知，设空处所在句与后一句为转折关系，Although符合语境。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然这本词典是为非母语学习者准备的，但我的同学都没有，而且说实话，刚开始我发现它很难用。A.but但是；B.so所以；C.or或者；D.and。此句陈述了作者惊讶于收到词典作为礼物的原因，原因一：别的同学都没有这个词典，原因二：这词典用起来不是很顺手。两者间为并列关系。应用并列连词and。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这本词典是为非母语学习者准备的，但我的同学都没有，而且说实话，刚开始我发现它很难用。A.difficult困难的；B. interesting有趣的；C.ambiguous模糊的；D.practical 实用的。根据下一句“I would look up words in the dictionary and 5 not fully understand the meanings. I was used to the 6 bilingual dictionaries, in which the word are 7 both in English and Chinese.(我会去查字典，但还是不完全理解意思。我习惯了熟悉的双语词典，其中的单词是用英语和汉语解释的。)”可知，习惯了双语词典的作者，使用英英词典时觉得很困难。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我会去查字典，但还是不完全理解意思。A.thus因此；B.even甚至；C. still依旧；D. again又。根据下文“I was used to the 6 bilingual dictionaries,in which the word are 7 both in English and Chinese.(我习惯了熟悉的双语词典，其中的单词是用英语和汉语解释的。)”可知，作者习惯了汉英词典，用英英词典时，就算她查词典，她也无法像阅读汉英词典那样透彻理解其中含义，所以她依旧没有完全理解。still符合语境，故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我习惯用熟悉的双语词典，其中的单词是用英语和汉语解释的。A.new新的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. earlier早的；D.ordinary普通的。根据was used to，可知，作者以前习惯用双语词典，所以对双语词典比较熟悉。familiar符合语境，故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我习惯了熟悉的双语词典，其中的单词是用英语和汉语解释的。A.explained解释；B.expressed表达；C.described描述；D.created 创建。根据常识，词典是一种词汇书，按字母顺序排列单词和短语，并附有对该词的解释的书。explain符合语境。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真不明白我阿姨为什么决定要为难我。A.offered提供；B.agreed同意；C.decided决定；D.happened发生。根据第一段第一句“When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary.(当我刚进入大学时，我的阿姨，她是一位英语教授，给了我一本新的英语词典。)”，以及下文“ 17 , I have come to see what she meant.(我渐渐明白了她的意思。)”可知，这本词典是阿姨在作者去上大学时的礼物，阿姨买下这本词典，来帮助作者提高英语。decided符合语境。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，在大学学习了三年英语之后，我知道单语词典在学习外语方面更好。A.imagine想象；B.recommend推荐；C. predict预测；D.understand理解；明白。根据下一段的内容，作者从原来不知道阿姨送她一本使用有难度的英英词典的意图，到发现这个词典对她学英语的帮助比中英双语词典更好。实践使她明白了这个道理，故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，在大学学习了三年英语之后，我知道单语词典在学习外语方面更好。A.natural自然的；B.better更好的；C.easier更容易的；D. convenient方便的。根据下文“When I read these definitions, I am 19 exposed to(接触)the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. 20 this, I can express myself more easily in English.(当我阅读这些定义时，我反复接触基本词汇，学习它们如何解释物体和思想。正因为如此，我可以更容易地用英语表达自己。)”可知，使用英英词典对于作者的英语学习帮助很大，better符合语境。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：我发现，事实上，在两种语言中，两个词之间往往没有完全对等的。A.at least至少；B. in fact实际上；C. at times有时；D. in case万一。根据上文“I was used to the 6 bilingual dictionaries, in which the word are 7 both in English and Chinese.(我习惯用熟悉的双语词典，其中的单词是用英语和汉语解释的。)”可知，原来作者认为双语词典能让她理解英语单词，但是在使用了英英词典之后，发现两个语言之间没有完全对等的词，这与她原来的观点相左，in fact符合语境，故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现，事实上，在两种语言中，两个词之间往往没有完全对等的。A.words单词；B.names名字；C.ideas想法；D.characters字符。根据下文“My aunt even goes so far as to 13 that a Chinese ‘equivalent’ can never give you the 14 meaning of a word in English!(我的阿姨甚至声明，一个中文的‘对等词’永远不能给你一个英文单词的确切意思！)”可知，作者在使用了三年的英英词典之后，有了新的体会和发现：在两种语言中没有完全对等的两个词。words符合语境，故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的阿姨甚至声明，一个中文的“对等词”永远不能给你一个英文单词的确切意思！A.hope希望；B. declare宣布，声明；C.doubt怀疑；D.tell告诉。根据第一段第一句“When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary.(当我刚进入大学时，我的阿姨，她是一位英语教授，给了我一本新的英语词典。)”可知，作者的这位阿姨是英语教授，在英语学习方面深有研究，说的话有权威性，declare符合语境，故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词动词词义辨析。句意：我的阿姨甚至宣称，一个中文的“对等词”永远不能给你一个英文单词的确切意思！A.exact精确的；B. basic基本的；C.translated翻译；D.expected期待。根据上文“As I found out,there is, 11 , often no perfect equivalence(对应)between two 12 in two languages.(我发现，事实上，在两种语言中，两个词之间往往没有完全对等的。)”可知，英语单词找不到中文中的对等词，所谓的中文对等词不能精确表达英语单词的意思。exact符合语境，故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我想更好地理解一个单词的意思时，她坚持让我阅读单语词典中的定义。A.Rather而不是；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Instead代替。上文“My aunt even goes so far as to 13 that a Chinese ‘equivalent’ can never give you the 14 meaning of a word in English!(我的阿姨甚至宣称，一个中文的‘对等词’永远不能给你一个英文单词的确切意思！)”可知，这位阿姨的观点是她要求作者坚持使用英英词典的原因。therefore符合语境，故选C 项。
【36题详解】
考查从属连词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我想更好地理解一个单词的意思时，她坚持让我阅读单语词典中的定义。A.when当；B. before在……之前；C. until直到……为止；D.while然而。根据上文“My aunt even goes so far as to 13 that a Chinese ‘equivalent’ can never give you the 14 meaning of a word in English!(我的阿姨甚至宣称，一个中文的‘对等词’永远不能给你一个英文单词的确切意思！)”可知，这位阿姨在作者学习英语时，给予了词汇学习的指导，每次作者想查单词意思时，阿姨都坚决要求作者得查英英词典。when符合语境，故选A项。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我渐渐明白了她的意思。A.Largely大体上；B.Generally通常；C.Gradually逐渐地；D.Probably可能。上文“I really wondered why my aunt 8 to make things so difficult for me.Now, after studying English at university for three years, I 9 that monolingual dictionaries are 10 in learning a foreign language.(我真不明白我阿姨为什么决定要为难我。现在，在大学学习了三年英语之后，我知道单语词典在学习外语方面更好。)”可知，在使用这本英英词典三年中，作者获益匪浅，这三年时间里，作者也逐渐体会到了阿姨送她这本词典的用意。Gradually符合语境，故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这本词典在释义中使用的单词数量有限，大约2000个。A.extra额外的；B. average普通的；C. total总的；D. limited有限的。与英语单词总的词汇量相比，2000个词汇不多，limited符合语境。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我阅读这些定义时，我反复接触基本词汇，学习它们如何解释物体和思想。A.repeatedly反复地；B. nearly几乎；C. immediately立即；D.anxiously忧虑地。根据上文“Using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way.This dictionary uses a(n) 18 number of words, around 2,000, in its definitions.(使用学习者的单语词典在另一个重要的方面帮助了我。这本词典在释义中使用的单词数量有限，大约2000个。)”可知，英英词典用约2000个基本词汇进行单词释义，所以作者在查阅单词时，能反复看到这些基本词汇。故选A项。
【40题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：正因为如此，我可以更容易地用英语表达自己。A.According to根据；B. In relation to关于；C. In addition to除……之外；D. Because of因为。根据上文“This dictionary uses a(n) 18 number of words, around 2,000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am 19 exposed to(接触)the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas.(这本词典在释义中使用的单词数量有限，大约2000个。当我阅读这些定义时，我反复接触基本词汇，学习它们如何解释物体和思想。)”可知，通过翻阅英英词典，作者熟练掌握了基本词汇的运用，因此，在表达时更得心应手。Because of符合语境，故选D项。
四 语法填空（15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently, 16 Chinese online novels have been added to the collection of the British Library. ___41___ (cover) themes of science fiction, history, reality and fantasy, these works are considered the classics of Chinese online literature from the past 20 years.
The library usually selects works ___42___ (base) on their popularity or by considering an item’s value. Readers can check the information about the 16 books on the library’s website, and borrow printed ___43___ (copy). As one of the current key parts of mass cultural consumption, ___44___ began with “fast food” romanced, fantasies and mysteries, the Chinese online literature industry has received increasing ___45___ (recognize) from home and abroad.
One of the 16 novels, Happiness in Palm tells a story about love and delicacies (美食) in ancient times. The author created a ___46___ (represent) heroine who was tough and intelligent, facing up to hardships with courage, perseverance and optimism. “It’s ___47___ surprise to me that online fiction can be added to the collection of a foreign library. ___48___ feels like the path of online novel writing is becoming much ___49___ (wide)” the writer says.
Great Power, Heavy Industry tells of how China’s manufacturing industries ___50___ (grow) stronger in recent decades, and foreign readers can learn about the Chinese system and culture behind the country’s swift economic development, getting to know China better in the process.
【答案】41. Covering
42. based 43. copies
44. which 45. recognition
46. representative
47. a 48. It
49. wider 50. have grown
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了大英图书馆新增了16部中国网络小说。这些作品涵盖了科幻、历史、现实和奇幻的方方面面，被认为是近20年来中国网络文学的经典之作。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些作品涵盖了科幻、历史、现实和奇幻的方方面面，被认为是近20年来中国网络文学的经典之作。设空处在句中作非谓语，和逻辑主语these works之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填Covering。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：图书馆通常根据作品的受欢迎程度或作品的价值来选择作品。设空处在句中作非谓语，和逻辑主语works之间是被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式作后置定语。故填based。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：读者可以在图书馆网站上查询这16本书的相关信息，并借阅印刷本。设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词的形式，空前无限定词修饰，应用名词复数形式表泛指。故填copies。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国网络文学产业作为当前大众文化消费的重要组成部分之一，从浪漫的“快餐”、幻想和神秘开始，越来越受到国内外的认可。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为mass cultural consumption，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词；recognition“认可”是抽象概念为不可数名词。故填recognition。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：作者塑造了一个坚强、聪明、勇敢、坚持、乐观地面对困难的代表性女主人公。设空处后为名词，形容词修饰名词，设空处应用形容词的形式。故填representative。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：作者说：“外国图书馆能收藏网络小说，这让我很惊讶。感觉网络小说写作路径变得越来越宽了。”设空处后为名词surprise，表示“一件惊讶的事”，为可数名词单数形式；设空处表泛指，应用不定冠词，且该词的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。
【48题详解】
考查代词。句意同上。固定句型it feels like (that)…感觉……，故填It。
【49题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意同7小题。much修饰比较级，设空处应用比较级形式作表语。故填wider。
50题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：《大国，重工业》讲述了中国制造业在近几十年是如何发展壮大的，外国读者可以了解中国经济快速发展背后的中国制度和文化，在这个过程中更好地了解中国。设空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语in recent decades，可知句子的时态为现在完成时，主语为industries，结合主谓一致。故填have grown。
五. 短文改错（10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
Yesterday, a group of students from the UK visited our school art gallery, which they saw lots of Chinese paintings.
On arriving the gallery, the students were amazing at the unique gate. I had started the tour with a vivid introduction. Since they had all learned some Chinese, I explained everything in plainly Chinese. The students were deeply impressed by the works of students and teachers, but they couldn’t help shooting photo.
With their interest arousing, three of the British students drew one painting together and presented them to us.
The gallery witnessed a enjoyable time for all of us.
【答案】1.which→where 或在which前加in
2.arriving后添加at
3.amazing→amazed
4.删去had
5.plainly→plain
6.but→and
7.photos→photos
8.arousing→aroused
9.them→it
10.a→an
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了昨天，一群来自英国的学生参观了作者学校的美术馆，在那里他们看到了很多中国画。
【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：昨天，一群来自英国的学生参观了我们学校的美术馆，在那里他们看到了很多中国画。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词art gallery，从句缺少地点状语应用where或in which引导。故which改为where 或在which前加in。
2.考查介词。句意：一到画廊，学生们就被这个独特的大门惊呆了。表示“到达”短语为arrive at。故arriving后添加at。
3.考查形容词。句意：一到画廊，学生们就被这个独特的大门惊呆了。主语为students，应用-ed结尾形容词amazed；amazing用于修饰物，表示“令人惊讶的”不符合语境。故amazing改为amazed。
4.考查时态。句意：我以生动的介绍开始了这次旅行。描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故删去had。
5.考查形容词。句意：因为他们都学过一些中文，所以我用浅显的中文解释一切。修饰名词Chinese应用形容词plain，作定语。故plainly改为plain。
6.考查连词。句意：同学们和老师们的作品给学生们留下了深刻的印象，他们情不自禁地拍下了照片。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故but改为and。
7.考查名词的数。句意：同学们和老师们的作品给学生们留下了深刻的印象，他们情不自禁地拍下了照片。短语shoot photos表示“拍照”。故photos改为photos。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：三位英国学生很感兴趣，一起画了一幅画给我们看。arouse与interest构成被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。故arousing改为aroused。
9.考查代词。句意：三位英国学生很感兴趣，一起画了一幅画给我们看。此处指上文painting应用代词it。故them改为it。
10.考查冠词。句意：画廊见证了我们所有人愉快的时光。enjoyable是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用冠词an。故a改为an。
六.写作（25分）
52. 假设你是校英语报编辑李华，收到一封来自学生小明的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：进入高二后，由于学习压力增大，逐渐产生了焦虑的情绪。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。
内容要点如下:
1. 表示理解；
2. 提出建议并说明理由；
3. 表示祝福。
注意：
1. 词数 120 左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Xiaoming,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Xiaoming,
I’m sorry to know that you’re having such a bad time at the moment, but there is no need to worry as nobody can avoid such troubles in life and what matters most is how we deal with them. My suggestions are as follows.
First, you need to reflect on your study to identify the problems. Second, it’s better to turn to your teachers who would help you analyze the problems rationally and give you some professional guidance. Last but not the least, stay in a good state. Talk to the ones you trust to relieve your stress and always believe that all the setbacks are temporary. Only through self-belief, hard work and perseverance can we achieve our final goal.
I hope my suggestions will help you out. Wish you a happy life and a good performance in your study.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达为应用文。要求考生给小明同学的求助信写一封回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestions→proposal/recommendation/offer/advise
处理：deal with→dispose/manage/ handle
指导：guidance→direction
实现： achieve→realize/come true
2.句式拓展
原句变同义句
原句：Talk to the ones you trust to relieve your stress and always believe that all the setbacks are temporary.
拓展句：Talk to the ones who you trust and you will relieve your stress and find out that all the setbacks are temporary.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I’m sorry to know that you’re having such a bad time at the moment,but there is no need to worry as nobody can avoid such troubles in life and what matters most is how we deal with them. （运用了there be句型和what及how引导的名词性从句）
【高分句型2】Only through self-belief, hard work and perseverance can we achieve our final goal. （运用了only引导的部分倒装句）
听力：(1)A (2)C (3)B (4)B (5)C (6)A (7)B (8)B (9)A
(10)B (11)C (12)C (13)C (14)B (15)A (16)B (17)C (18)C (19)A (20)A
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