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人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 3 The internet教学课件ppt
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这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 3 The internet教学课件ppt，共47页。PPT课件主要包含了Revision，Summary，重点单词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.Cme and see me whenever_____________________(对你来说方便的).2.I called the ffice t update them____the day’s April, thusands f hliday-maker remain______(stick) abrad due t the vlcanic ash keep cmpany______dishnest has been pushing the refrm f public hspitals________________(为了的利益) all it citizens.
it is cnvenient fr yu
fr the benefit f
6.The neighbur tend t keep their distance (inspire) many yung peple t carry n vlunteer wrk.8.A manager shuld _______________(易于接近) his wh ges ________nature will be predicted that we wuld _______________________(遭遇艰难的挑战) n the way t success.
be accessible t
meet with tugh challenges
battery[ˈbætri] n.
Wi-Fi[ˈwaɪ faɪ] n.
buttn[ˈbʌtn] n.press a buttn
press[pres] v.
file[faɪl] n.&v.
functin[ˈfʌŋkʃn] n.functin as sb./sth.
cnfirm[kənˈfɜːm] vt.cnfirm thatcnfirm sb. in sth.cnfirm sb. as sth.
Russell Simmns:He is an American businessman, music prducer and prducer,He nce said: ——Yu just have t pay attentin t what peple need and what has nt been dne.
Read the qutatins belw and find ut the similarities.
Stanley Kubrick：An American film directr, screenwriter and prducer. He nce said:——Everything has already been dne. Every stry has been tld.——Every scene has been sht. It's ur jb t d it ne better.
Marie Curie：A Famus French scientist, physicist and chemist. She nce said:——One never ntices what has been dne, ne can nly see what remains t be dne.
过去的动作或状态持续到现在,对现在造成的影响,可能持续发生下去。
主语+助动词(have/has) +动词的过去分词(dne)
D yu knw the meaning and structure f the present perfect tense?
①am\is\are②d/des(V.\V.s)
am\is\are+dne(V. p.p)
D yu knw the meaning and structure f the passive vice?
Talk abut smething that has been dne
1 Read the pairs f sentences. Underline and cmpare the different verb frms.
Hw d we frm the present perfect passive vice? Fill in the blank.
have/ has + been + v-ed
We are interested in a new kind f PC, nt in wh has built it.
Present Perfect
They have built a new kind f PC with mre functins.
A new kind f PC has been built with mre functins.
一、 现在完成时被动语态的概念分析1. 现在完成时被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性动作对现在造成的影响。
2. 现在完成时被动语态有两层含义:①动作_________, 强调对现在造成的影响或结果。②主语与谓语动词之间为_______关系。如:A number f Dngfeng trucks are being shipped abrad.一批东风卡车正被运往国外。
主语 + have/ has + been + dne
主语 + have/ has + nt+been +dne
Have/Has +主语+ been + dne?
疑问句+Have/Has +主语+ been +dne?
Yur cmputer has been repaired.
The desks have nt been cleaned.
What has been dne t slve the husing prblem?
Has the dr been painted?
二、现在完成时的被动语态的结构
1.表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与just, already, yet, befre, never, recently等副词连用。eg:The wrk has already been finished. 工作已经被完成了。eg:I gt caught in the rain and my suit has been ruined. 我被雨淋湿了，我的衣服被毁了。
三、 现在完成时的被动语态的用法
2.表示被动的动作成状态从过去某个时刻持续到现在，常与fr成since 引出的时间状语连用，或用于hw lng引出的句子中。eg:The machine has been repaired fr tw hurs. 这台机器已经被修理了两个小时了。eg:Financial prblems f the cmpany have been discussed fr nearly tw hurs. 公司的财务问题已经被讨论了将近两个小时。
3.用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来已完成的被动动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。She will leave fr the cinema as sn as the applicatin frm has been cmpleted.申请表一填好，她就去电影院。
常用的时间状语:already(已经), yet(已经),recently/ lately (最近), in the past (last) few years, in recent years, by nw, up till nw, up t nw, up t the present, since, s far, yet, fr +一段时间(例如: fr three weeks/mnths), in/during/ver the past/ last years，since+时间点。eg:Great changes have taken place in the past few years.eg:He has been ill fr a few weeks.
4.现在完成时被动语态的否定式和疑问式现在完成时被动语态的各种句型变换都借助于has/ have来完成。构成否定句时直接在has/have后面加nt,构成一般疑问句时将has/ have放在句首。构成现在完成时被动语态的反义疑问句时，附加问句借助hasn't/haven't完成。如:
His hmewrk hasn't been finished.他的家庭作业还没有写完。Has this bridge been cmpleted?这座桥竣工了吗?This bridge has been cmpleted, hasn't it?这座桥已经竣工了，不是吗？
[观察](1)The huse has been cleaned up by my elder brther.(2)The machine has been repaired fr tw hurs.(3)I will g t play ftball as sn as the hmewrk has been finished.(4)Yu will take ver his jb if he has been sent abrad.
[归纳]1.例句(1)表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响。2.例句(2)表示一个被动的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去，常与带fr或since的时间状语连用，或用于Hw 句型中。3.例句(3)(4)表示在时间或条件等状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
四、现在完成时的被动语态的用法辨析
Language pint
(1)We have built many huses in the past ten years. (2)We have given him the bk. (3) I have made her wrk hard. (4)He has thught f a way f ding it.
Many huses have been built by us in the past ten years.
He has been given the bk by us.
The bk has been given t him by us.
She has been made t wrk hard by me.
A way f ding it has been thught f by him.
[归纳]1.由(1)可知,只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将原来的宾语变为被动句的主语。
2.由(2)可知,可跟双宾语的动词,如give, send, bring, take,teach, shw, sing, write, read, sell, buy, tell, pay, lend, pass,prmise等,变为被动语态时,可将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个保留。把直接宾语变为被动句的主语时, 间接宾语前通常需加介词。
3.由(3)可知,带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时,要将原来的宾语变为被动句的主、语, 原来的宾语补足语改为主语补足语。原来省略t的不定式作宾语补足语的, 在被动语态中要还原t。
4.由(4)可知, 动词短语是一个不可分割的整体, 在被动语态中要保持其完整性, 不可省略动词短语中的介词或副词。
四、 现在完成时的被动语态的用法辨析
五、注意事项1.现在完成时与一般过去时、现在进行时的被动语态的区别
have/has been + 过去分词
was/were +过去分词
be + being+过去分词
五、注意事项2.现在完成时与一般过去时、现在进行时的被动语态的例句
①Anther bridge was built ver the Yangtze River. ②Anther bridge has being built ver the Yangtze River.③Anther bridge is being built ver the Yangtze River.
(表示此时此刻动作正在被进行)
(说明动作发生在过去)
(说明动作发生在过去,对现在有影响 ,“现在修好了”)
3. brrw, begin, start, buy, marry,pen, jin等非延续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，需要改变动词或时态。
这支钢笔借了一周了。The pen has been brrwed fr a week. (x)The pen has been kept fr a week. (√) 这个工程已经开始多久了?Hw lng has this prject been started? (x)Hw lng ag was this prject started? (√)
非延续性动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有持续性，因而可与since或fr引出的时间状语连用。
4. 带有双宾语的动词，如give, bring, take, teach, shw, till,make, sing, write, sell, buy, lend, ften, hand,pass,get等，在变为被动语态时，一般是把指人的间接宾语变为主语。如果将直接宾语变为被动句的主语，间接宾语前要加t或fr。eg:We have been tld the time f the lecture.
5. 带有复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语保持不动。主动语态中不带t的不定式作宾补，在被动语态中要加上t。eg:The wrkers have been made t wrk a whle day withut stp.
EXAMPLEThey've built a kind f new PC with mre functins. →A kind f new PC has been built with mre functins.
2 Change the sentences int the present perfect passive vice.
1 I have dwnladed the sftware t help my phne battery last lnger.→2 Smene has lst an identity card.→3 Have yu cnfirmed the Wi-Fi passwrd?→
The sftware has been dwnladed t help my phne battery last lnger.
An identity card has been lst.
Has the Wi-Fi passwrd been cnfirmed?
4 Have yu pressed the buttn yet t cpy the file?→5 Has anyne made a cmment abut the nline database?→
Has the buttn been pressed yet t cpy the file?
Has a/any cmment been made abut the nline database?
Feel the riginal text f the text belw. Discuss in grups, which expressin is better and why?
1.Online cmmunities and scial netwrks have changed Peple's lives.
2.The club has helped many peple .
3.Peple have written much abut the wnders f the Wrld Wide Web.
4.The Internet has greatly imprved Jan's life.
As we can see in the pairs f sentences, the bject in an active sentence becmes the subject in a passive sentence. Bth sentence types cnvey a similar meaning, but they are slightly different.
Find ut the differences in meaning and functin between the active and passive frms.
②If the subject is the perfrmer f the actin, use the active vice; If the subject is the receiver f the actin, use the passive vice.
The active vice :Mary is making a dll.The passive vice:A dll is being made by Mary.
①The active vice indicates that the subject is the executr(执行者) f the actin, while the passive vice indicates that the subject is the receiver f the actin.
③In an active sentence,the subject is ding an actin t an bject, while in a passive sentence, the subject is having smething dne t it, and the der f that actin is nt necessarily mentined, Active sentences are used ften, as they are mre direct. Passive sentences are ften used when the der f an actin is unknwn, nt imprtant, r preferred nt named.
④In Chinese, passive verbs such as "be", "receive" and "give" are ften used t express passive meaning. The passive vice cnsists f "be verb + past participle f transitive verb".
Wrk in pairs,Lk at the pictures, first list sme key wrds, then make up sentences using the present perfect passive vice.
The ink remve frm The clth
The ink has nt remved frm the clth.
a lt f factries set up in ur city
A lt f factries have been set up in ur city.
He fire the cmpany
He has been fired by the cmpany.
Lk at the way yur face has been washedLk at the way yur teeth have been brushedLk at the way yur shes have been cleanedYu'd better d them again.Lk at the way the flwers have been plantedLk at the way the grass has been cutLk at the way the paths have been swept1 hpe that yu'll cme here again.
3 Read the pem. Underline the use f the present perfect passive vice in the fllwing pem.
Lk at the way the picture has been paintedListen t the way the sng has been writtenLk at the way the film has been madeNw think abut what yu culd create.Lk at the way the needy have been helpedLk at the way the river has been cleanedLk at the way the tree has been plantedNw think hw t make the wrld a better place.
Think f yur wn situatin and write a similar pem.
functin n.功能;作用;机能vi.起作用; 正常工作;运转[词汇积累]perfrm/serve vital functin起重要作用functin as sb./sth.起…...作用；具有…...功能
1.They've built a kind f new PC with mre functins.他们制造了一种功能更多的新电脑。
根据中文意思填空。①The sfa als functins_____(起…...作用；具有…...功能) a bed.②My camera has manual and autmatic _________(功能).③The authrities say the prisn is nw___________(运转) nrmally.
cnfirm vt.确认;使确信:证实;证明;批准cnfirmatin n.证实;确认书;证明书[词汇积累]cnfirm that 证实 has been cnfirmed that...已经证实 sb. in sth.使某人确信某事cnfirm sb. as sth.任命某人担任某职位
2.Have yu cnfirmed the Wi-Fi passwrd?你确认Wi-Fi密码了吗?
根据中文意思填空。①All telephne reservatins must be__________ (确认)in writing. ②The results f the experiment__________ (证实)ur predictins. ③Her qualificatins and experience __________(证明) her eligibility fr the jb.
①cnfirm v. 证实,证明; 指通过更多的证据确定某事是真实的。eg:They need new evidence t cnfirm his stry. 他们需要新的证据来证实他的说法。
近义词辨析：cnfirm, prve, certify
③certify v. 证实，证明; 尤指经过某种检验而证实某事正确或真实。eg:The accunts f that cmpany were certified by the investigatrs. 那家公司的账目经调查员核实过。
②prve v. 证明, 指以事实等证明某事是真实的。eg:Tests have prved that the methd wrks. 实验证明该方法有效。
(1)press vt.按下;压下;敦促 pressure n. 压力press against sth.紧贴着某物press a buttn/switch/key按下一个按钮/开关;按键
3.Have yu pressed the buttn yet t cpy the file?你按下按钮复制文件了吗?
根据中文意思填空。①_______(按下)the buttn, then the machine will wrk.②_______(压下)the lever until yu hear the catch engage.③Simply______________(按下按钮)t recrd yur vice and press send!
press a buttn
(2)file[faɪl] n.(计算机的)文件;档案;文件夹v.把(文件等)归档clse/pen a file关闭/打开文件file sth. (away) 把(文件等)归档
同义词辨析paper和file ①paper n. 文件；证件。指会议、工作等所用的文件、文献，也可指证件，如护照、身份证等，通常用复数。eg:She left sme imprtant papers in her ffice.她把一些重要的文件留在了办公室。②file n. 文件，文档; 尤指计算机中的文件。eg: I'm ging t cpy this file.我打算复制这个文件。
根据中文意思填空。①Remember t save the_____(文档)befre clsing it.②I'll ask the secretary t____(归档)these letters away.
1.battery[ˈbætri] n.电池2.Wi-Fi[ˈwaɪ faɪ] n.无线局域网;无线网络3.buttn[ˈbʌtn] n.(机器的)按钮;纽扣4.press[pres] v.按;(被)压;推;压(使启动)5.file[faɪl] n.(计算机的)文件;档案;文件夹v.把(文件等)归档6.functin[ˈfʌŋkʃn] n.功能;作用vi.正常工作;运转7.cnfirm[kənˈfɜːm] vt.证实;证明;使确信;确认;认可
定义:现阶段已完成或出现结果的被动动作
构成:have/has + been+过去分词
特殊疑问句:疑问句+Have/Has +主语+ been +dne?
肯定式:主语+ have/ has + been + dne
否定式:主语+ have/ has + nt+been +dne
一般疑问句:Have/Has +主语+ been + dne?
表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成 , 强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。
通常与already, yet, never, recently等副词及时间状语s far, by nw, up till nw, befre...等连用。
表一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,有可能持续下去。
常与或since引导的时间状语连用, 或用于“Hw ”句型中。
用在时间或条件等状语从句中,表示将来某时已完成的动作,即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
动词短语是一个不可分割的整体, 在被动语态中要保持完整性,其中的介词或动词短语副词不可省略。
brrw, begin, start, buy, marry, pen, jin等非延续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思 , 需要改变动词或时态。
如give, bring, take, teach, shw, till,make, sing, write, sell, buy, lend, ften, hand, pass, get等, 在变为被动语态时, 一般是把指人的间接宾语变为主语。如果将直接宾语变为被动句的主语，间接宾语前要加t或fr。
(宾语+宾语补足语)的动词变为被动语态时, 只能将宾语变为主语, 原来的宾语补足语保持不动。主动语态中不带t的不定式作宾补，在被动语态中要加上t。
一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系 ,而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。
与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
1.Cme and see me whenever_____________________(对你来说方便的).2.I called the ffice t update them____the day’s April, thusands f hliday-maker remain______(stick) abrad due t the vlcanic ash keep cmpany______dishnest has been pushing the refrm f public hspitals________________(为了的利益) all it citizens.
it is cnvenient fr yu
fr the benefit f
6.The neighbur tend t keep their distance (inspire) many yung peple t carry n vlunteer wrk.8.A manager shuld _______________(易于接近) his wh ges ________nature will be predicted that we wuld _______________________(遭遇艰难的挑战) n the way t success.
be accessible t
meet with tugh challenges
battery[ˈbætri] n.
Wi-Fi[ˈwaɪ faɪ] n.
buttn[ˈbʌtn] n.press a buttn
press[pres] v.
file[faɪl] n.&v.
functin[ˈfʌŋkʃn] n.functin as sb./sth.
cnfirm[kənˈfɜːm] vt.cnfirm thatcnfirm sb. in sth.cnfirm sb. as sth.
Russell Simmns:He is an American businessman, music prducer and prducer,He nce said: ——Yu just have t pay attentin t what peple need and what has nt been dne.
Read the qutatins belw and find ut the similarities.
Stanley Kubrick：An American film directr, screenwriter and prducer. He nce said:——Everything has already been dne. Every stry has been tld.——Every scene has been sht. It's ur jb t d it ne better.
Marie Curie：A Famus French scientist, physicist and chemist. She nce said:——One never ntices what has been dne, ne can nly see what remains t be dne.
过去的动作或状态持续到现在,对现在造成的影响,可能持续发生下去。
主语+助动词(have/has) +动词的过去分词(dne)
D yu knw the meaning and structure f the present perfect tense?
①am\is\are②d/des(V.\V.s)
am\is\are+dne(V. p.p)
D yu knw the meaning and structure f the passive vice?
Talk abut smething that has been dne
1 Read the pairs f sentences. Underline and cmpare the different verb frms.
Hw d we frm the present perfect passive vice? Fill in the blank.
have/ has + been + v-ed
We are interested in a new kind f PC, nt in wh has built it.
Present Perfect
They have built a new kind f PC with mre functins.
A new kind f PC has been built with mre functins.
一、 现在完成时被动语态的概念分析1. 现在完成时被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性动作对现在造成的影响。
2. 现在完成时被动语态有两层含义:①动作_________, 强调对现在造成的影响或结果。②主语与谓语动词之间为_______关系。如:A number f Dngfeng trucks are being shipped abrad.一批东风卡车正被运往国外。
主语 + have/ has + been + dne
主语 + have/ has + nt+been +dne
Have/Has +主语+ been + dne?
疑问句+Have/Has +主语+ been +dne?
Yur cmputer has been repaired.
The desks have nt been cleaned.
What has been dne t slve the husing prblem?
Has the dr been painted?
二、现在完成时的被动语态的结构
1.表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与just, already, yet, befre, never, recently等副词连用。eg:The wrk has already been finished. 工作已经被完成了。eg:I gt caught in the rain and my suit has been ruined. 我被雨淋湿了，我的衣服被毁了。
三、 现在完成时的被动语态的用法
2.表示被动的动作成状态从过去某个时刻持续到现在，常与fr成since 引出的时间状语连用，或用于hw lng引出的句子中。eg:The machine has been repaired fr tw hurs. 这台机器已经被修理了两个小时了。eg:Financial prblems f the cmpany have been discussed fr nearly tw hurs. 公司的财务问题已经被讨论了将近两个小时。
3.用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来已完成的被动动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。She will leave fr the cinema as sn as the applicatin frm has been cmpleted.申请表一填好，她就去电影院。
常用的时间状语:already(已经), yet(已经),recently/ lately (最近), in the past (last) few years, in recent years, by nw, up till nw, up t nw, up t the present, since, s far, yet, fr +一段时间(例如: fr three weeks/mnths), in/during/ver the past/ last years，since+时间点。eg:Great changes have taken place in the past few years.eg:He has been ill fr a few weeks.
4.现在完成时被动语态的否定式和疑问式现在完成时被动语态的各种句型变换都借助于has/ have来完成。构成否定句时直接在has/have后面加nt,构成一般疑问句时将has/ have放在句首。构成现在完成时被动语态的反义疑问句时，附加问句借助hasn't/haven't完成。如:
His hmewrk hasn't been finished.他的家庭作业还没有写完。Has this bridge been cmpleted?这座桥竣工了吗?This bridge has been cmpleted, hasn't it?这座桥已经竣工了，不是吗？
[观察](1)The huse has been cleaned up by my elder brther.(2)The machine has been repaired fr tw hurs.(3)I will g t play ftball as sn as the hmewrk has been finished.(4)Yu will take ver his jb if he has been sent abrad.
[归纳]1.例句(1)表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响。2.例句(2)表示一个被动的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去，常与带fr或since的时间状语连用，或用于Hw 句型中。3.例句(3)(4)表示在时间或条件等状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
四、现在完成时的被动语态的用法辨析
Language pint
(1)We have built many huses in the past ten years. (2)We have given him the bk. (3) I have made her wrk hard. (4)He has thught f a way f ding it.
Many huses have been built by us in the past ten years.
He has been given the bk by us.
The bk has been given t him by us.
She has been made t wrk hard by me.
A way f ding it has been thught f by him.
[归纳]1.由(1)可知,只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将原来的宾语变为被动句的主语。
2.由(2)可知,可跟双宾语的动词,如give, send, bring, take,teach, shw, sing, write, read, sell, buy, tell, pay, lend, pass,prmise等,变为被动语态时,可将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个保留。把直接宾语变为被动句的主语时, 间接宾语前通常需加介词。
3.由(3)可知,带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时,要将原来的宾语变为被动句的主、语, 原来的宾语补足语改为主语补足语。原来省略t的不定式作宾语补足语的, 在被动语态中要还原t。
4.由(4)可知, 动词短语是一个不可分割的整体, 在被动语态中要保持其完整性, 不可省略动词短语中的介词或副词。
四、 现在完成时的被动语态的用法辨析
五、注意事项1.现在完成时与一般过去时、现在进行时的被动语态的区别
have/has been + 过去分词
was/were +过去分词
be + being+过去分词
五、注意事项2.现在完成时与一般过去时、现在进行时的被动语态的例句
①Anther bridge was built ver the Yangtze River. ②Anther bridge has being built ver the Yangtze River.③Anther bridge is being built ver the Yangtze River.
(表示此时此刻动作正在被进行)
(说明动作发生在过去)
(说明动作发生在过去,对现在有影响 ,“现在修好了”)
3. brrw, begin, start, buy, marry,pen, jin等非延续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，需要改变动词或时态。
这支钢笔借了一周了。The pen has been brrwed fr a week. (x)The pen has been kept fr a week. (√) 这个工程已经开始多久了?Hw lng has this prject been started? (x)Hw lng ag was this prject started? (√)
非延续性动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有持续性，因而可与since或fr引出的时间状语连用。
4. 带有双宾语的动词，如give, bring, take, teach, shw, till,make, sing, write, sell, buy, lend, ften, hand,pass,get等，在变为被动语态时，一般是把指人的间接宾语变为主语。如果将直接宾语变为被动句的主语，间接宾语前要加t或fr。eg:We have been tld the time f the lecture.
5. 带有复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语保持不动。主动语态中不带t的不定式作宾补，在被动语态中要加上t。eg:The wrkers have been made t wrk a whle day withut stp.
EXAMPLEThey've built a kind f new PC with mre functins. →A kind f new PC has been built with mre functins.
2 Change the sentences int the present perfect passive vice.
1 I have dwnladed the sftware t help my phne battery last lnger.→2 Smene has lst an identity card.→3 Have yu cnfirmed the Wi-Fi passwrd?→
The sftware has been dwnladed t help my phne battery last lnger.
An identity card has been lst.
Has the Wi-Fi passwrd been cnfirmed?
4 Have yu pressed the buttn yet t cpy the file?→5 Has anyne made a cmment abut the nline database?→
Has the buttn been pressed yet t cpy the file?
Has a/any cmment been made abut the nline database?
Feel the riginal text f the text belw. Discuss in grups, which expressin is better and why?
1.Online cmmunities and scial netwrks have changed Peple's lives.
2.The club has helped many peple .
3.Peple have written much abut the wnders f the Wrld Wide Web.
4.The Internet has greatly imprved Jan's life.
As we can see in the pairs f sentences, the bject in an active sentence becmes the subject in a passive sentence. Bth sentence types cnvey a similar meaning, but they are slightly different.
Find ut the differences in meaning and functin between the active and passive frms.
②If the subject is the perfrmer f the actin, use the active vice; If the subject is the receiver f the actin, use the passive vice.
The active vice :Mary is making a dll.The passive vice:A dll is being made by Mary.
①The active vice indicates that the subject is the executr(执行者) f the actin, while the passive vice indicates that the subject is the receiver f the actin.
③In an active sentence,the subject is ding an actin t an bject, while in a passive sentence, the subject is having smething dne t it, and the der f that actin is nt necessarily mentined, Active sentences are used ften, as they are mre direct. Passive sentences are ften used when the der f an actin is unknwn, nt imprtant, r preferred nt named.
④In Chinese, passive verbs such as "be", "receive" and "give" are ften used t express passive meaning. The passive vice cnsists f "be verb + past participle f transitive verb".
Wrk in pairs,Lk at the pictures, first list sme key wrds, then make up sentences using the present perfect passive vice.
The ink remve frm The clth
The ink has nt remved frm the clth.
a lt f factries set up in ur city
A lt f factries have been set up in ur city.
He fire the cmpany
He has been fired by the cmpany.
Lk at the way yur face has been washedLk at the way yur teeth have been brushedLk at the way yur shes have been cleanedYu'd better d them again.Lk at the way the flwers have been plantedLk at the way the grass has been cutLk at the way the paths have been swept1 hpe that yu'll cme here again.
3 Read the pem. Underline the use f the present perfect passive vice in the fllwing pem.
Lk at the way the picture has been paintedListen t the way the sng has been writtenLk at the way the film has been madeNw think abut what yu culd create.Lk at the way the needy have been helpedLk at the way the river has been cleanedLk at the way the tree has been plantedNw think hw t make the wrld a better place.
Think f yur wn situatin and write a similar pem.
functin n.功能;作用;机能vi.起作用; 正常工作;运转[词汇积累]perfrm/serve vital functin起重要作用functin as sb./sth.起…...作用；具有…...功能
1.They've built a kind f new PC with mre functins.他们制造了一种功能更多的新电脑。
根据中文意思填空。①The sfa als functins_____(起…...作用；具有…...功能) a bed.②My camera has manual and autmatic _________(功能).③The authrities say the prisn is nw___________(运转) nrmally.
cnfirm vt.确认;使确信:证实;证明;批准cnfirmatin n.证实;确认书;证明书[词汇积累]cnfirm that 证实 has been cnfirmed that...已经证实 sb. in sth.使某人确信某事cnfirm sb. as sth.任命某人担任某职位
2.Have yu cnfirmed the Wi-Fi passwrd?你确认Wi-Fi密码了吗?
根据中文意思填空。①All telephne reservatins must be__________ (确认)in writing. ②The results f the experiment__________ (证实)ur predictins. ③Her qualificatins and experience __________(证明) her eligibility fr the jb.
①cnfirm v. 证实,证明; 指通过更多的证据确定某事是真实的。eg:They need new evidence t cnfirm his stry. 他们需要新的证据来证实他的说法。
近义词辨析：cnfirm, prve, certify
③certify v. 证实，证明; 尤指经过某种检验而证实某事正确或真实。eg:The accunts f that cmpany were certified by the investigatrs. 那家公司的账目经调查员核实过。
②prve v. 证明, 指以事实等证明某事是真实的。eg:Tests have prved that the methd wrks. 实验证明该方法有效。
(1)press vt.按下;压下;敦促 pressure n. 压力press against sth.紧贴着某物press a buttn/switch/key按下一个按钮/开关;按键
3.Have yu pressed the buttn yet t cpy the file?你按下按钮复制文件了吗?
根据中文意思填空。①_______(按下)the buttn, then the machine will wrk.②_______(压下)the lever until yu hear the catch engage.③Simply______________(按下按钮)t recrd yur vice and press send!
press a buttn
(2)file[faɪl] n.(计算机的)文件;档案;文件夹v.把(文件等)归档clse/pen a file关闭/打开文件file sth. (away) 把(文件等)归档
同义词辨析paper和file ①paper n. 文件；证件。指会议、工作等所用的文件、文献，也可指证件，如护照、身份证等，通常用复数。eg:She left sme imprtant papers in her ffice.她把一些重要的文件留在了办公室。②file n. 文件，文档; 尤指计算机中的文件。eg: I'm ging t cpy this file.我打算复制这个文件。
根据中文意思填空。①Remember t save the_____(文档)befre clsing it.②I'll ask the secretary t____(归档)these letters away.
1.battery[ˈbætri] n.电池2.Wi-Fi[ˈwaɪ faɪ] n.无线局域网;无线网络3.buttn[ˈbʌtn] n.(机器的)按钮;纽扣4.press[pres] v.按;(被)压;推;压(使启动)5.file[faɪl] n.(计算机的)文件;档案;文件夹v.把(文件等)归档6.functin[ˈfʌŋkʃn] n.功能;作用vi.正常工作;运转7.cnfirm[kənˈfɜːm] vt.证实;证明;使确信;确认;认可
定义:现阶段已完成或出现结果的被动动作
构成:have/has + been+过去分词
特殊疑问句:疑问句+Have/Has +主语+ been +dne?
肯定式:主语+ have/ has + been + dne
否定式:主语+ have/ has + nt+been +dne
一般疑问句:Have/Has +主语+ been + dne?
表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成 , 强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。
通常与already, yet, never, recently等副词及时间状语s far, by nw, up till nw, befre...等连用。
表一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,有可能持续下去。
常与或since引导的时间状语连用, 或用于“Hw ”句型中。
用在时间或条件等状语从句中,表示将来某时已完成的动作,即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
动词短语是一个不可分割的整体, 在被动语态中要保持完整性,其中的介词或动词短语副词不可省略。
brrw, begin, start, buy, marry, pen, jin等非延续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思 , 需要改变动词或时态。
如give, bring, take, teach, shw, till,make, sing, write, sell, buy, lend, ften, hand, pass, get等, 在变为被动语态时, 一般是把指人的间接宾语变为主语。如果将直接宾语变为被动句的主语，间接宾语前要加t或fr。
(宾语+宾语补足语)的动词变为被动语态时, 只能将宾语变为主语, 原来的宾语补足语保持不动。主动语态中不带t的不定式作宾补，在被动语态中要加上t。
一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系 ,而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。
与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
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