2021学年Unit 4 History and traditions知识点教案

这是一份2021学年Unit 4 History and traditions知识点教案，共4页。
人教版新教材高一英语必修二知识点梳理Unit 4 History and Traditionsbelong to属于，是……的成员e.g. ①He belongs to the football club.他是足球俱乐部的成员。②Lions and tigers belong to the cat family.狮子和老虎属于猫科。③ As is known to us, China is a country belonging to the Third World. 众所周知，中国是一个属于第三世界的国家。温馨提示：belong to不用于进行时态也没有被动语态。类似用法的还有take place, occur, happen等。defence n. 防御；保卫(1)  in defence of 为了保卫；为……辩护in sb.'s defence为某人辩护(2)  defend vt．防守；保卫；辩护；维护defend ... from (against)...保护……免受……；保卫……抵御……e.g. ① More and more women today have learned to arise in defence of their legal rights. 现在越来越多的妇女学会起来保护她们的合法权利。② I have to say in her defence that she knew nothing about it beforehand. 我得为她说句话，她事先并不知道此事。③ Their duty is to defend the country from / against its enemies. 他们的职责就是保卫国家，抵御敌人。温馨提示：与defend ... from / against ... 用法类似的还有：prevent ... (from) ...; stop ... (from) ...; keep ... from ...; protect ... from / against ...等，在被动语态中from都不可省略。surround　vt.包围；环绕(1)  surround sb./sth.with 使某人/某物被……包围be surrounded by/with 被……围绕着；周围是……(2)  surrounding adj. 周围的surroundings n.  环境(通常用复数形式) e.g. ①We stood at the edge of the lake, which is surrounded by/with trees.我们站在湖边，湖的四周被树木环绕。②Now we live in a world surrounded by the “can’t do” attitudes.现在，我们生活在“无能为力”的世界中。③ Thousands of people from surrounding towns came to see the great show. 来自周边城镇的数千人来观看了这一盛大的表演。④Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundingsduring the journey?徒步者在旅游期间为什么没有在意环境呢？achievement　n．成就；功业；伟绩(1) make an achievement in　在……方面取得成就a sense of achievement  成就感(2)achieve vt. 实现(目标、理想等)；取得(胜利、成功等)achieve one’s goal/aim/dream实现目标/梦想achieve success 取得成功  e.g. ①It was a remarkable achievement for such a young player.如此年轻的选手有这样的成绩真是了不起。②Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of achievement.然后首先处理最重要的任务，这样你会感觉到真正的成就感。③In the last few years, China has made great achievements in environmental protection.在过去的几年里，中国在环境保护方面取得了很大成就。④His laziness makes it impossible for him to achieve success.他的懒惰使他不可能取得成功。5. charge n．收费；费用；负责vt．收费；要价；控告；充电(1)  in charge of主管；负责in the charge of (＝in one’s charge)由某人负责，由某人管理take charge of  掌管；负责；看管free of charge＝for free 免费(2)  charge sb. with sth.  因某事控告某人charge sb. some money for (doing) sth.就(做)某事向某人收一些钱e.g. ①I’ll be in charge of the whole factory when Mr Black is away. = The whole factory will be in the charge of me when Mr Black is away. = I’ll take charge of the whole factory when Mr Black is away.布莱克先生不在时，由我负责整个工厂。②All forms of recreation，such as cinemas, bowling, softball, concerts and others, will be provided free of charge by the city.所有的娱乐形式，例如：电影院、保龄球、垒球、音乐会和其他一些形式都将由该市免费提供。③—I wonder how much you charge for your services.——我想知道你的服务收费多少。—The first two are free while the third costs $30.——前两项免费，而第三项收费30美元。④The man arrested by the police was charged with stealing.被警察拘留的男子被指控盗窃。6. approach　vt.&vi.接近；靠近n．接近；方法；途径an approach to...　……的方法；去……的道路at the approach of  在……将要来到的时候e.g. ① Christmas Day is approaching. Have you prepared any presents for your parents?圣诞节就要到了，你给父母准备好礼物了吗？② As you approach the town, you’ll see the college on the left.　快到小镇时，你就可以看到左边的学院了。③ Many kinds of birds fly south at the approach of winter. 许多种类的鸟在冬天即将到来的时候飞往南方。④ All approaches to the airport were blocked by the heavy traffic. 拥挤的交通堵塞了所有通往机场的道路。⑤ The best approach to learning a foreign language is the study of the spoken language. 学习外语的最好方法就是口语的学习。温馨提示：表示“方法、方式”的短语荟萃：approach: approach to (doing) sth.way: in this way to do/of doing sth.method: with this method of doing sth.manner: in a...manner of doing sth. position　n．位置；职位，地位；姿势；状况，处境(1) in a...position处于……的地位/处境in / out of position 在/不在适当的位置(2) hold the position of 担任……的职务　 e.g. ① Can you find our position on this map？你能在地图上找到我们的位置吗？② The bad weather put us in a difficult position. 糟糕的天气使我们处于困境。③ The books are all out of position. Put them back in position quickly. 这些书没有在适当的位置，快把它们放回适当的位置。④ Last year she held the position of sales manager in a large company. 去年她在一家大公司担任销售经理的职务。⑤ He was in a position where he must find someone to help him.他处在一个必须找到另外一个人帮助他的处境。温馨提示：当position, situation, stage等词在句中表示抽象的地点，且在其后的定语从句中作地点状语时，用where引导定语从句。eager adj. 热切的；渴望的be eager for 渴望得到某物be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事be eager for sb. to do sth. 渴望某人做某事be eager that 希望；渴望。此时从句谓语一般用“should＋动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，should可以省略。e.g. ①He is eager for success. 他渴望成功。②She is eager to see her parents. 她渴望见到她父母。③He is eager for her to go with him. = He is eager that she (should)go with him. 他渴望她同他一起去。④He is eager that they (should) come to see him. = He is eager for them to come to see him. 他很希望他们来看他。