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人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world教案设计
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这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world教案设计，共17页。
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ.核心单词
根据音标及词义写出正确的单词
1．disaster/dɪ'zɑːstə(r)/n.灾难；灾害
2．rescue/'reskjuː/n.& vt.营救；救援
3．damage/'dæmɪdʒ/vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失
4．destroy/dɪ'strɔɪ/vt.摧毁；毁灭
5．affect/ə'fekt/vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
6．shelter_/'ʃeltɔ(r)/n.避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽
vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
7．ruin/'ruːɪn/n.& vt.破坏；毁坏
8．electricity/ɪˌlek'trɪsəti/n.电；电能
9．trap/træp/vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
10．bury/'beri/vt.埋葬；安葬
11．effort/'efə(r)t/n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
12．wisdom/'wɪzdəm/n.智慧；才智
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据音标及词义写出正确的单词，并牢记拓展词汇
1．survive/sə'vaɪv/vi.生存；存活； vt.幸存；艰难度过→survivor n．幸存者；生还者→survival n. 幸存
2．death/deθ/n.死；死亡→dead adj. 无生命的
3._shock/ʃɒk/n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克
vt.(使)震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的
4．breathe/briːð/vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n. 呼吸
5．revive/rɪ'vaɪv/vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒→revival n．振兴；复苏
6．unify_/'juːnɪfaɪ/vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体→unite vi.& vt.团结
7．suffer/'sʌfə/vt.遭受；蒙受
vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n．折磨；苦难
Ⅲ.重点短语
根据汉语意思补全短语
1._as_if 似乎；好像；仿佛
2．in_ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
3．in_shock 震惊；吃惊
4．set_up 建立
5．as_usual 像往常一样
6．come to an end 结束
7．the number of... ……的数量
8._instead_of 而不
9．dig_out 挖掘
10．a home to ……的家园
11．go through 经历
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．too＋adj.＋to...“太……不……”
Chickens and even pigs were too_nervous_to_eat,_and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都紧张得吃不下东西，狗也不愿意进圈舍去。
2．It seems/seemed as if... 看起来似乎……
It_seemed_as_if the world were coming at an end!
好像世界末日到了！
3．everywhere引导让步状语从句
Everywhere_survivors_looked,_there was nothing but ruins.
幸存者无论往哪里看，看到的都是废墟。
4．with复合结构
With_strong_support_from_government_and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
在政府的大力支持和人民的不懈努力下，一座崭新的唐山在地震废墟上建成了。
►第一步|速读——了解教材课文(P50)主题和段落大意
1．What's the main idea of the text?
The passage is mainly about a_terrible_earthquake_of_Tangshan.
2．Find out the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1 A．The earthquake caused unbelievable destruction to Tangshan.
Para.2 B．The earthquake happened and caused deaths or injuries in Tangshan.
Para.3 C．Rescue and revival after the earthquakes.
Para.4～5 D．Warning signs before the earthquake.
答案：Part 1—D Part 2—B Part 3—A Part 4～5—C
►第二步|细读——把握教材课文(P50)关键信息
1．All the following unusual things happened before the earthquake except that________.
A．the water in the village wells rose and fell
B．the chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat
C．Mice ran out of the fields looking for hiding place
D．Fish swam in the water as usual
答案：D
2．Before the earthquake people were asleep as usual because ________.
A．they didn't notice anything strange happening
B．they knew well about earthquakes
C．something strange happened in many places
D．they didn't realize the arrival of an earthquake
答案：D
3．The title“A Night The Earth Didn't Sleep” means ________.
A．the earth was awake all night long
B．a terrible earthquake happened that night
C．people on the earth couldn't fall asleep that night
D．animals on the earth couldn't fall asleep that night
答案：B
4．What's the meaning of the last sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again.”？
A．People weren't sad any more.
B．The life in Tangshan began to return to normal.
C．The earthquake finally came to an end.
D．Those who were trapped were saved.
答案：B
►第一板块|核心词汇诠释
1．rescue n．& vt.营救；救援
(教材P48)What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the floodhit area?
救援人员和士兵在洪水灾区做什么？
come to/go to sb.'s rescue＝rescue sb. 援救某人
rescue...from... 把……从……营救出来
①When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers came to our rescue.
当我们被困在废墟中时，士兵们赶来救援。
②The firefighters rescued five children from the burning house yesterday.
昨天，消防人员把5个孩子从失火的房子中解救出来。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)At midnight we finally rescued (rescue) the tourists who were trapped in the valley.
(2)A large number of soldiers were sent there to_rescue (rescue) those trapped in the building.
巧学助记：
As soon as the accident happened, the rescue team came to the victims' rescue, and they didn't give up any hope of rescuing them from danger.
事故一发生，救援队就来营救受害者了，并且他们没有放弃使他们脱离危险的任何希望。
2.damage vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失
(教材P48)Which buildings were damaged in Seoul?
首尔哪些建筑被毁？
(1) 对……造成损害
(2) damage one's health 损害某人的健康
①This could cause serious damage to our environment.
这可能会对我们的环境造成严重的破坏。
②Damage caused by the earthquake disaster is very terrible.
地震灾害造成的破坏太严重了。
[即学即练] 单句写作
众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。(一句多译)
(1)As we all know, smoking can do/cause_damage_to_our_health. (damage n．)
(2)It is well known that smoking can damage_our_health.(damage vt.)
巧学助记：
Mary was very angry because someone had done damage to her car. What's worse, when she arrived home, she found her house lay in ruins because a big fire completely destroyed the building. 玛丽非常生气，因为有人把她的汽车弄坏了。更糟的是，当她到家时，她发现她的房子沦为一片废墟，因为一场大火完全摧毁了建筑物。
3.survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过
(经典佳句) Unluckily, no one survived the terrible accident.
不幸的是，没有人从这个可怕的事故中幸存。
(1)survive sth. 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来
A survive B (by...) A比B活得长……
survive on 依靠……生存下来
survive from... 从……存活下来，流传下来
(2)survivor n． 幸存者
survival n． [U] 幸存；[C] 残存物
①Of the six people injured in the terrible accident, only two survived.
在这次可怕的事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。
②Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.
有些奇怪的风俗是从早年流传下来的。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)The old lady has survived all her sisters and brothers by ten years.
(2)I don't know how you all manage to survive on such little money.
巧学助记：
After he survived the earthquake, the old man became one of the few survivors of the family. 那位老人在地震中幸存下来，成为这个家庭中为数不多的幸存者之一。
4.affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
(经典例句)As far as I'm concerned, following others' advice without thinking will affect our decision.
显而易见，不假思索地接受他人的意见将影响我们的决定。
affect sb./sth. 影响某人/某事
be deeply affected by 被深深打动了
①As a matter of fact, your opinion will not affect my decision.
事实上，你的意见不会影响我的决定。
②The disease is beginning to affect his eyesight.
疾病开始侵袭他的视力。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)Most people present at the meeting were deeply affected (affect) by his speech.
(2)With the government's help, those people affected (affect) by the earthquake have moved for the new settlements.
(3)Around 540 million people are_affected (affect) by secondhand smoke, which causes 100,000 deaths per year.
名师指津：“对……有很大影响”
affect sb. greatly.
have a great effect on sb.
have a great influence on sb.
5.ruin n．废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产
(教材P50)In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
不到一分钟，一座大城市就成了废墟。
(1)be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；毁灭
fall into ruin 成为废墟；破败不堪
(2)ruin one's hope/chance 使某人的希望破灭/机会失去
ruin oneself 自我毁灭
①The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.
地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。
②A large number of buildings fell into ruin after the earthquake.
地震后，许多建筑都毁了。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Heavy smoking ruins (ruin) your health, so you should give up smoking.
(2)It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining (ruin) our holiday.
(3)Ever since the earthquake, this temple has been in ruins.
(4)In my opinion, his stubborn character and shortcomings in his work will ruin_his_future.
依我看来，他固执的性格和在工作中的缺点会毁掉他的前途的。
名师指津：in ruins“成为废墟”ruin一定要用复数形式哟！
6.shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊
(教材P50) People were in shock — and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.
人们都很震惊——然后，那天下午晚些时候，唐山又发生了一次大地震。
(1)be a shock to... 使……吃惊
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的
be shocked at/by 对……吃惊
be shocked to do sth. 做某事很吃惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
①The news shocked the public, leading to great concern about students' safety at school.
这个消息使公众震惊，导致了对在校学生安全的担心。
②His situation was a great shock to us all.
他的处境使我们大家都大为震惊。
③We are shocked that so many people were injured or died in the earthquake.
我们感到震惊的是，如此多的人在地震中伤亡。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)I'm shocked (shock) at his determined attitude towards this matter.
(2)Her falling in love with the poor young man was a shock to us.
(3)I was shocked to_hear (hear) that our factory would have to close.
巧学助记：
The shocking news shocked all the people around, which was also a great shock to people all over the country.
这个让人震惊的消息震惊了周围的人们，也震惊了全国各地的人们。
7.trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
(教材P50)Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
地震发生后不久，军队派遣了15万名士兵前往唐山，搜救被困人员并埋葬遇难者。
(1)be trapped in 困在……中； 陷在……中
trap sb. into (doing) sth. 诱使某人做某事
(2) fall into a trap 落入圈套/陷阱
①When travelling they were trapped in the mountain, waiting to be rescued.
旅行时，他们被困在山上，等待救援。
②If you choose this way, you're likely to fall into a trap.
如果你选择这条路，你很有可能会落入圈套。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)There was a power failure, they were_trapped (trap) in the lift.
(2)Trapped (trap) in the ruins, the girl still held a positive attitude.
(3) By clever questioning they trapped him into telling the truth.
名师指津：trap 过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为：trapped; trapped; trapping
8.bury vt.埋藏；掩埋；隐藏
( 经典例句)Ever since he moved there, he has been buried in his research work.
自从搬到那里以后，他一直专注于研究工作。
(1)bury...in... 把……埋到……里
bury one's face in hands 双手掩面
(2) 埋头于；专心于，沉浸于
①She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news.
当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。
②In the past three weeks, we have been burying ourselves in study because the exam is drawing near.
在过去的三个星期里，我们专心致志地学习，因为考试即将到来。
[即学即练] 单句写作
他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。(一句多译)
(1)Buried (bury) in his study, he didn't know that all the others had left.
(2)Burying (bury) himself in his study, he didn't know that all the others had left.
(3)Because he was_buried_ (bury) in his study, he didn't know that all the others had left
图形助记：
一词多义的“bury”
9.effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
(教材P50)With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
在政府的大力支持和市民的不懈努力下，一个新唐山在废墟上建立了起来。
spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力
make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
①I do believe that all your efforts will pay off sooner or later.
我的确相信你的努力迟早会有所回报。
②As far as I'm concerned, you should make a greater effort to study hard.
依我看来，你应该更加努力学习。
[即学即练] 词汇升级
(低频词汇)If I am lucky enough to be given such a good chance, I will try my best to finish the task.
(高频词汇)If I am lucky enough to be given such a good chance, I will spare_no_effort_to finish the task.(升级加黑词汇)
名师指津：学会高频词汇“spare no effort to do sth.”代替“try one's best to do sth.”哟！
10.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
(教材P51)What kind of help do you think people who have suffered an earthquake need?
你认为地震灾民需要什么样的帮助？
(1)suffer from 患……病；因……而受苦
suffer from a bad cold 患重感冒
(2)suffer pains/hardship 遭受痛苦/困难
suffering n． 苦难，痛苦
sufferer n． 受难者
①As far as I know, he has ever suffered from a serious illness.
据我所知，他曾患有严重的疾病。
②The company suffered a great loss as a result of the accident.
由于那次事故，该公司才遭受了重大损失。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)The people in this country have suffered (suffer) a lot because of the war.
(2)The old man is said to have gone through all kinds of sufferings (suffer) during the war.
巧学助记：
We all want to do something to help those sufferers out of their sufferings.
我们都想做些事去帮助那些受苦者摆脱痛苦。
►第二板块|重点句型解构
1．句型公式：too＋adj.＋to...“太……不……”
(教材P50)Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都紧张得吃不下东西，狗也不愿意进圈舍里去。
too ＋ adj. (for sb.) to do sth. ...意为 “太……而不能……”，表示否定意义
①I was too young to understand the meaning of the film.我太年幼，不理解这部电影的含义。
②The problem is too difficult for me to settle.这个问题太难了，我解决不了。
[即学即练] 一句多译
小男孩太小了不能去上学。
(1)The little boy is so_young_that_he can't go to school.
(2)The little boy is_too_young_to_go_to school.
名师指津：牢记too... to...表示否定意义，可以与so... that...句型相互转换。
2.句型公式： as if ＝ as though“仿佛；好像”，可用来引导表语从句
(教材P50)It seemed as if the world were coming at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！
(1)as if从句用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的
(2)as if从句用虚拟语气：
①从句用一般过去时(与现在的事实相反)
②从句用过去完成时(与过去的事实相反)
③从句用would/could/might do形式(与将来的事实相反)
①Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks as if it is going to rain. Let's hurry up.
看看天上的乌云！看起来要下雨，咱们快一点。
②He talks to them as if they were children.他同他们说话，就当他们是孩子一样。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were (be) their own mother.
(2)He opened his mouth as if he would_say (say) something.
名师指津：as if
解题的关键在于能明白是对现在、过去还是将来的虚拟；如果对现在的虚拟，系动词be不管是第几人称都用were。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A great number of people suffered (遭受) a great deal in the earthquake.
2．In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought back to life after death (死亡)．
3．A great deal of money has been collected to help those suffering from the floods (洪水)．
4．Too much drinking will do damage (伤害) to your health; you should take the doctor's advice.
5．We should find a shelter (躲避处) from the wind.
6．Helicopters rescued (营救) nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.
7．I can't imagine a life without_electricity (电)．
8．All the listeners were greatly shocked (震惊的) when they heard the terrible news on radio.
9．His parents and his little brother lost their lives in the disaster_ (灾难)．
10．The well walls had deep cracks (裂缝) before the terrible earthquake happened.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．These old people have experienced all kinds of sufferings (suffer) in their difficult times.
2．He talks about Rome as if he had_been (be) there before.
3．Though suffering (suffer) such a heavy loss, the boss didn't lose the courage to go on with his business.
4．Trapped (trap) in the ruins, the girl still held a positive attitude.
5．I'm shocked (shock) at his determined attitude towards this matter.
6．It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining (ruin) our holiday.
7．Around 540 million people are_affected (affect) by secondhand smoke, which causes 100,000 deaths per year.
8．Buried (bury) under the ruins, the little girl was rather frightened.
9．The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely destroyed (destroy)．
10．When it was my turn to express my opinion, I was too nervous to say a word.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．我建议你应该待在这儿，好像什么事也没有发生过。
I suggest that you should stay here as_if_nothing_had_happened.
2．这顶帽子太大，没法戴。
The hat is_too_large_to_wear.
3．可怕的地震使整个城市在15秒内变成废墟。
The terrible earthquake_left_the_whole_city_in_ruins_in 15 seconds.
4．面对灾难，我们应该保持积极的心态，为更美好的未来重建家园。
In times of disaster, we should stay_positive_and_rebuild_for_a_brighter_future.
5．我很感激，你把我从困境中解救了出来。
I'm grateful that you have_rescued_me_from the difficult situation.
6．有这么多工作要做，我不能和你一起出去看电影。
With_so_much_work_to_do,_I can't go out to see a film with you.
Ⅳ.语法填空
Strange things happened before Tangshan Earthquake happened. The well walls had deep cracks. Some 1.smelly (smell) gas came out of them. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous 2.to_eat (eat). At 3：42 3.on the morning of July 28, 1976, everything began to shake. 4.It seemed as if the world was coming at an end. Steam burst from holes in the ground and hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, the whole city lay in 5.ruins (ruin). Two thirds of people died or were 6.injured (injure). Everything in the city was destroyed. People were 7.shocked (shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last. The army organized teams to dig out those 8.who were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for 9.survivors (survive). Fresh water was taken to the city. Slowly the city began to breathe again. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan 10.was_built (build) upon the earthquake ruins.
课时作业 14
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Earthquakes strike suddenly at any time of the day or night, but there's no way to tell when. If an earthquake happens, it may cause many deaths, injuries and damage. So you need a good preparation ahead of time. Decide how and where your family will get together if separated. Choose an outofstate friend or relative that the family members can call after the quake to report where they are and how they are. Know the safe places in each room: under the strong tables, desks, or against inside walls. Keep enough food, water and other things, including a flashlight, a radio, medicines and clothing.
During the earthquake, you should keep a clear head and never be too nervous to know what to do. Protect your head and neck with your arms. If possible, take a book, a pillow or any other things to protect yourself from falling glass and ruins. If you are indoors, you must immediately lie under any strong furniture. If outdoors, move to an open area away from trees, buildings, walls or powerpoles. If you are in a narrow valley, move to the centre of it and look up for falling stones. If you are in a car, move to the side of the road and stop the car. Do not stop near buildings, power lines or on or under bridges. Stay in your car until the shaking stops.
Do not move a badly injured person unless he is in great danger after the earthquake. Do not use the telephone immediately unless there is a serious injury or fire. Turn on your radio for instructions and news reports. Be prepared for aftershocks. If you want to leave your home, post a message inside your home telling your family members where you can be found.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了人们在地震前、地震中和地震后应该做的事情。
1．To prepare for an earthquake, we should make sure of ________.
A．when an earthquake may happen
B．the place where we can find our family
C．how to receive instructions and news reports
D．the money with which we can buy food and water
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段第四句可知，要提前确定地震后家人会合的地点，故B项正确。
2．If we are driving when an earthquake happens, we should ________.
A．find a strong building to hide in
B．leave the car as soon as possible
C．go on driving quickly to leave the area
D．move to the side of the road and stop there
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句可知，如果发生地震时你在开车，要把车开到路边停下，所以D项正确。
3．From the passage, we know that during an earthquake ________.
A．we should keep calm and know what to do clearly
B．the trees and walls can protect us if we are outdoors
C．we should protect our necks with a pillow or a book
D．falling glass can be used to help us
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，地震时，要保持头脑冷静，不能因为太紧张而不知所措，故正确答案为A项。
4．After an earthquake, we should ________.
A．move an injured person quickly
B．use the telephone immediately
C．turn on the TV to get news reports
D．leave a message before leaving home
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，地震后，在离开家之前，要留下信息告诉家人去哪里能找到你，故D项正确。
B
All of us spend a large part of our lives at home — eating, sleeping, relaxing and communicating with our family members. Our home is a shelter for us, away from the noisy, busy, and polluted world outside — a place where we can let down our hair and dress casually. Ecofriendliness (环保) is a hot word today and we all know we should make our environment as ecofriendly as possible. This is not only good for our health, but also good for the outward environment. Here are some easy and helpful tips to make your home ecofriendly.
Kitchen
Plan the kitchen to be bright and airy so that you don't have to turn on the lights at daytime. Don't make wasteful use of the gas. Keep all ingredients for cooking ready before lighting the gas. Turn it to low when not required — always using it on “high” burns a lot of gas.
Indoor plants
Plants are extremely ecofriendly and can be used to make your home look lively. Apart from adding life to home, they give out O2, thus making the air inside fresh. You can keep plants in your home, but be sure to show them some sunlight regularly. Also, if they are kept outside, clean their leaves with a wet cloth, as dust may be added to them. A home decorated (装饰) with plants looks attractive. Plants are a natural home decorating gift that shows concern about the environment. A green plant is a wonderful gift which will protect the earth and is sure to be appreciated.
Saving water
Most of the time, we_take_water_for_granted — we keep water running while brushing our teeth or washing clothes. Needless to say, this is a huge waste of natural resources (资源). Try to recycle water. For example, the water used for washing vegetables can be used for watering plants; the soapy water used for washing clothes can be used to clean the bathroom and kitchen.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了如何营造环保的家园，从厨房节约能源、种植室内植物和节约用水三方面提出的建议。
5．Why is the importance of our home discussed in Paragraph 1?
A．To advise us to communicate more with our family members.
B．To show it's necessary to make our home ecofriendly.
C．To advise us to spend more time staying at home.
D．To show the outside world is noisy and polluted.
答案与解析：B 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了如何营造环保的家园，因此可推断，第一段讨论家庭的重要性是为了表明创造环保家园是有必要的，从而引出下文。
6．What is advised to be done in the kitchen?
A．To open the window. B．To prepare simple meals.
C．To save energy. D．To turn down lights.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Don't make wasteful use of the gas.”可知，作者建议节约使用天然气，即在厨房要节约能源。
7．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．We don't realize the importance of water.
B．We try our best not to waste water.
C．We don't use water frequently.
D．We make full use of water.
答案与解析：A 句意理解题。根据画线部分后的“we keep water running while brushing our teeth or washing clothes.”可知，我们在刷牙或洗衣服时让水一直流着，因此可推测，画线句的言下之意是我们并没有意识到水的重要性。
8．Which could be the best title for the text?
A．Live a relaxing life.
B．Create a clean and safe home.
C．Our home is a shelter for us.
D．Make your home ecofriendly.
答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。根据第一段尾句“Here are some easy and helpful tips to make your home ecofriendly.”可知，本文主要阐述如何营造环保的家园。
Ⅱ.七选五
Getting enough sleep can be difficult in today's world. __1__ If you have trouble going to sleep on time, there are a few things you can do.
Know how much sleep you need. __2__ Children need 911 hours of sleep per day. Teenagers require 810 hours of sleep each night. Adults generally need 79 hours of sleep per night. Knowing how much sleep you need each night will help you know when you need to set your bedtime.
Get ready for bed at the same time every night. Don't wait until you start to feel sleepy, as this may keep you up longer than you want to stay awake. __3__ Set a suitable bedtime goal that works for your schedule.
Have a bedtime tradition. Doing the same things every night before bed will help signal (发信号) to your body that it is time to start getting sleepy. Try to create a sleep time tradition that you can perform every night before bed so that you get into the habit. __4__ Your bedtime tradition could include things like brushing your teeth or washing your face.
__5__ In an effort to lower your stress at bedtime, it might be useful to spend a little time preparing yourself for what you have to do in the morning. Feeling ready for the next day will help you relax and fall asleep more quickly. You can do things like picking out your clothes for the next day or packing your lunch for work.
A．Prepare yourself for the next day.
B．Different people have different sleep needs.
C．This will help you go to bed at the expected time every night.
D．Stop working at least one hour before bed so that you can relax a bit.
E．Reading in bed is one of the best ways to relax yourself after a long day.
F．However, if you don't get enough sleep, you'll feel tired and unhappy all the day.
G．Besides, getting ready for bed may cost you much time and make you sleep later than your expected bedtime.
【语篇解读】 本文就如何按时睡觉提出了几点建议。
1．答案与解析：F 根据本空前的“Getting enough sleep can be difficult in today's world.”及本空后的“If you have trouble going to sleep on time, there are a few things you can do.”可知，此处需要填一个承上启下的句子，说的是如果你没有足够的睡眠，你整天都会感到疲惫且情绪低落。
2．答案与解析：B 根据本空后的“Children need 911 hours of sleep per day... Adults generally need 79 hours of sleep per night.”可知，此处是指不同的人有不同的睡眠需求。
3．答案与解析：G 根据本空前的“Don't wait until you start to feel sleepy, as this may keep you up longer than you want to stay awake.”可知，此处与前面是递进关系，说的是准备睡觉的过程也会花费你很多时间，使你睡得比预期的时间晚。
4．答案与解析：C 根据本空前的“Try to create a sleep time tradition that you can perform every night before bed so that you get into the habit.”可知，此处承接上文，说的是这样做的好处。
5．答案与解析：A 根据本段内容，特别是“Feeling ready for the next day will help you relax and fall asleep more quickly.”可知，本段讲的是睡前为第二天做好准备对睡眠的好处。
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ.核心单词
根据音标及词义写出正确的单词
1．disaster/dɪ'zɑːstə(r)/n.灾难；灾害
2．rescue/'reskjuː/n.& vt.营救；救援
3．damage/'dæmɪdʒ/vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失
4．destroy/dɪ'strɔɪ/vt.摧毁；毁灭
5．affect/ə'fekt/vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
6．shelter_/'ʃeltɔ(r)/n.避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽
vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
7．ruin/'ruːɪn/n.& vt.破坏；毁坏
8．electricity/ɪˌlek'trɪsəti/n.电；电能
9．trap/træp/vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
10．bury/'beri/vt.埋葬；安葬
11．effort/'efə(r)t/n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
12．wisdom/'wɪzdəm/n.智慧；才智
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据音标及词义写出正确的单词，并牢记拓展词汇
1．survive/sə'vaɪv/vi.生存；存活； vt.幸存；艰难度过→survivor n．幸存者；生还者→survival n. 幸存
2．death/deθ/n.死；死亡→dead adj. 无生命的
3._shock/ʃɒk/n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克
vt.(使)震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的
4．breathe/briːð/vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n. 呼吸
5．revive/rɪ'vaɪv/vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒→revival n．振兴；复苏
6．unify_/'juːnɪfaɪ/vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体→unite vi.& vt.团结
7．suffer/'sʌfə/vt.遭受；蒙受
vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n．折磨；苦难
Ⅲ.重点短语
根据汉语意思补全短语
1._as_if 似乎；好像；仿佛
2．in_ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
3．in_shock 震惊；吃惊
4．set_up 建立
5．as_usual 像往常一样
6．come to an end 结束
7．the number of... ……的数量
8._instead_of 而不
9．dig_out 挖掘
10．a home to ……的家园
11．go through 经历
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．too＋adj.＋to...“太……不……”
Chickens and even pigs were too_nervous_to_eat,_and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都紧张得吃不下东西，狗也不愿意进圈舍去。
2．It seems/seemed as if... 看起来似乎……
It_seemed_as_if the world were coming at an end!
好像世界末日到了！
3．everywhere引导让步状语从句
Everywhere_survivors_looked,_there was nothing but ruins.
幸存者无论往哪里看，看到的都是废墟。
4．with复合结构
With_strong_support_from_government_and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
在政府的大力支持和人民的不懈努力下，一座崭新的唐山在地震废墟上建成了。
►第一步|速读——了解教材课文(P50)主题和段落大意
1．What's the main idea of the text?
The passage is mainly about a_terrible_earthquake_of_Tangshan.
2．Find out the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1 A．The earthquake caused unbelievable destruction to Tangshan.
Para.2 B．The earthquake happened and caused deaths or injuries in Tangshan.
Para.3 C．Rescue and revival after the earthquakes.
Para.4～5 D．Warning signs before the earthquake.
答案：Part 1—D Part 2—B Part 3—A Part 4～5—C
►第二步|细读——把握教材课文(P50)关键信息
1．All the following unusual things happened before the earthquake except that________.
A．the water in the village wells rose and fell
B．the chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat
C．Mice ran out of the fields looking for hiding place
D．Fish swam in the water as usual
答案：D
2．Before the earthquake people were asleep as usual because ________.
A．they didn't notice anything strange happening
B．they knew well about earthquakes
C．something strange happened in many places
D．they didn't realize the arrival of an earthquake
答案：D
3．The title“A Night The Earth Didn't Sleep” means ________.
A．the earth was awake all night long
B．a terrible earthquake happened that night
C．people on the earth couldn't fall asleep that night
D．animals on the earth couldn't fall asleep that night
答案：B
4．What's the meaning of the last sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again.”？
A．People weren't sad any more.
B．The life in Tangshan began to return to normal.
C．The earthquake finally came to an end.
D．Those who were trapped were saved.
答案：B
►第一板块|核心词汇诠释
1．rescue n．& vt.营救；救援
(教材P48)What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the floodhit area?
救援人员和士兵在洪水灾区做什么？
come to/go to sb.'s rescue＝rescue sb. 援救某人
rescue...from... 把……从……营救出来
①When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers came to our rescue.
当我们被困在废墟中时，士兵们赶来救援。
②The firefighters rescued five children from the burning house yesterday.
昨天，消防人员把5个孩子从失火的房子中解救出来。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)At midnight we finally rescued (rescue) the tourists who were trapped in the valley.
(2)A large number of soldiers were sent there to_rescue (rescue) those trapped in the building.
巧学助记：
As soon as the accident happened, the rescue team came to the victims' rescue, and they didn't give up any hope of rescuing them from danger.
事故一发生，救援队就来营救受害者了，并且他们没有放弃使他们脱离危险的任何希望。
2.damage vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失
(教材P48)Which buildings were damaged in Seoul?
首尔哪些建筑被毁？
(1) 对……造成损害
(2) damage one's health 损害某人的健康
①This could cause serious damage to our environment.
这可能会对我们的环境造成严重的破坏。
②Damage caused by the earthquake disaster is very terrible.
地震灾害造成的破坏太严重了。
[即学即练] 单句写作
众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。(一句多译)
(1)As we all know, smoking can do/cause_damage_to_our_health. (damage n．)
(2)It is well known that smoking can damage_our_health.(damage vt.)
巧学助记：
Mary was very angry because someone had done damage to her car. What's worse, when she arrived home, she found her house lay in ruins because a big fire completely destroyed the building. 玛丽非常生气，因为有人把她的汽车弄坏了。更糟的是，当她到家时，她发现她的房子沦为一片废墟，因为一场大火完全摧毁了建筑物。
3.survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过
(经典佳句) Unluckily, no one survived the terrible accident.
不幸的是，没有人从这个可怕的事故中幸存。
(1)survive sth. 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来
A survive B (by...) A比B活得长……
survive on 依靠……生存下来
survive from... 从……存活下来，流传下来
(2)survivor n． 幸存者
survival n． [U] 幸存；[C] 残存物
①Of the six people injured in the terrible accident, only two survived.
在这次可怕的事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。
②Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.
有些奇怪的风俗是从早年流传下来的。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)The old lady has survived all her sisters and brothers by ten years.
(2)I don't know how you all manage to survive on such little money.
巧学助记：
After he survived the earthquake, the old man became one of the few survivors of the family. 那位老人在地震中幸存下来，成为这个家庭中为数不多的幸存者之一。
4.affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
(经典例句)As far as I'm concerned, following others' advice without thinking will affect our decision.
显而易见，不假思索地接受他人的意见将影响我们的决定。
affect sb./sth. 影响某人/某事
be deeply affected by 被深深打动了
①As a matter of fact, your opinion will not affect my decision.
事实上，你的意见不会影响我的决定。
②The disease is beginning to affect his eyesight.
疾病开始侵袭他的视力。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)Most people present at the meeting were deeply affected (affect) by his speech.
(2)With the government's help, those people affected (affect) by the earthquake have moved for the new settlements.
(3)Around 540 million people are_affected (affect) by secondhand smoke, which causes 100,000 deaths per year.
名师指津：“对……有很大影响”
affect sb. greatly.
have a great effect on sb.
have a great influence on sb.
5.ruin n．废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产
(教材P50)In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
不到一分钟，一座大城市就成了废墟。
(1)be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；毁灭
fall into ruin 成为废墟；破败不堪
(2)ruin one's hope/chance 使某人的希望破灭/机会失去
ruin oneself 自我毁灭
①The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.
地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。
②A large number of buildings fell into ruin after the earthquake.
地震后，许多建筑都毁了。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Heavy smoking ruins (ruin) your health, so you should give up smoking.
(2)It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining (ruin) our holiday.
(3)Ever since the earthquake, this temple has been in ruins.
(4)In my opinion, his stubborn character and shortcomings in his work will ruin_his_future.
依我看来，他固执的性格和在工作中的缺点会毁掉他的前途的。
名师指津：in ruins“成为废墟”ruin一定要用复数形式哟！
6.shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊
(教材P50) People were in shock — and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.
人们都很震惊——然后，那天下午晚些时候，唐山又发生了一次大地震。
(1)be a shock to... 使……吃惊
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的
be shocked at/by 对……吃惊
be shocked to do sth. 做某事很吃惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
①The news shocked the public, leading to great concern about students' safety at school.
这个消息使公众震惊，导致了对在校学生安全的担心。
②His situation was a great shock to us all.
他的处境使我们大家都大为震惊。
③We are shocked that so many people were injured or died in the earthquake.
我们感到震惊的是，如此多的人在地震中伤亡。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)I'm shocked (shock) at his determined attitude towards this matter.
(2)Her falling in love with the poor young man was a shock to us.
(3)I was shocked to_hear (hear) that our factory would have to close.
巧学助记：
The shocking news shocked all the people around, which was also a great shock to people all over the country.
这个让人震惊的消息震惊了周围的人们，也震惊了全国各地的人们。
7.trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
(教材P50)Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
地震发生后不久，军队派遣了15万名士兵前往唐山，搜救被困人员并埋葬遇难者。
(1)be trapped in 困在……中； 陷在……中
trap sb. into (doing) sth. 诱使某人做某事
(2) fall into a trap 落入圈套/陷阱
①When travelling they were trapped in the mountain, waiting to be rescued.
旅行时，他们被困在山上，等待救援。
②If you choose this way, you're likely to fall into a trap.
如果你选择这条路，你很有可能会落入圈套。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)There was a power failure, they were_trapped (trap) in the lift.
(2)Trapped (trap) in the ruins, the girl still held a positive attitude.
(3) By clever questioning they trapped him into telling the truth.
名师指津：trap 过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为：trapped; trapped; trapping
8.bury vt.埋藏；掩埋；隐藏
( 经典例句)Ever since he moved there, he has been buried in his research work.
自从搬到那里以后，他一直专注于研究工作。
(1)bury...in... 把……埋到……里
bury one's face in hands 双手掩面
(2) 埋头于；专心于，沉浸于
①She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news.
当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。
②In the past three weeks, we have been burying ourselves in study because the exam is drawing near.
在过去的三个星期里，我们专心致志地学习，因为考试即将到来。
[即学即练] 单句写作
他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。(一句多译)
(1)Buried (bury) in his study, he didn't know that all the others had left.
(2)Burying (bury) himself in his study, he didn't know that all the others had left.
(3)Because he was_buried_ (bury) in his study, he didn't know that all the others had left
图形助记：
一词多义的“bury”
9.effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
(教材P50)With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
在政府的大力支持和市民的不懈努力下，一个新唐山在废墟上建立了起来。
spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力
make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
①I do believe that all your efforts will pay off sooner or later.
我的确相信你的努力迟早会有所回报。
②As far as I'm concerned, you should make a greater effort to study hard.
依我看来，你应该更加努力学习。
[即学即练] 词汇升级
(低频词汇)If I am lucky enough to be given such a good chance, I will try my best to finish the task.
(高频词汇)If I am lucky enough to be given such a good chance, I will spare_no_effort_to finish the task.(升级加黑词汇)
名师指津：学会高频词汇“spare no effort to do sth.”代替“try one's best to do sth.”哟！
10.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
(教材P51)What kind of help do you think people who have suffered an earthquake need?
你认为地震灾民需要什么样的帮助？
(1)suffer from 患……病；因……而受苦
suffer from a bad cold 患重感冒
(2)suffer pains/hardship 遭受痛苦/困难
suffering n． 苦难，痛苦
sufferer n． 受难者
①As far as I know, he has ever suffered from a serious illness.
据我所知，他曾患有严重的疾病。
②The company suffered a great loss as a result of the accident.
由于那次事故，该公司才遭受了重大损失。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)The people in this country have suffered (suffer) a lot because of the war.
(2)The old man is said to have gone through all kinds of sufferings (suffer) during the war.
巧学助记：
We all want to do something to help those sufferers out of their sufferings.
我们都想做些事去帮助那些受苦者摆脱痛苦。
►第二板块|重点句型解构
1．句型公式：too＋adj.＋to...“太……不……”
(教材P50)Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都紧张得吃不下东西，狗也不愿意进圈舍里去。
too ＋ adj. (for sb.) to do sth. ...意为 “太……而不能……”，表示否定意义
①I was too young to understand the meaning of the film.我太年幼，不理解这部电影的含义。
②The problem is too difficult for me to settle.这个问题太难了，我解决不了。
[即学即练] 一句多译
小男孩太小了不能去上学。
(1)The little boy is so_young_that_he can't go to school.
(2)The little boy is_too_young_to_go_to school.
名师指津：牢记too... to...表示否定意义，可以与so... that...句型相互转换。
2.句型公式： as if ＝ as though“仿佛；好像”，可用来引导表语从句
(教材P50)It seemed as if the world were coming at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！
(1)as if从句用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的
(2)as if从句用虚拟语气：
①从句用一般过去时(与现在的事实相反)
②从句用过去完成时(与过去的事实相反)
③从句用would/could/might do形式(与将来的事实相反)
①Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks as if it is going to rain. Let's hurry up.
看看天上的乌云！看起来要下雨，咱们快一点。
②He talks to them as if they were children.他同他们说话，就当他们是孩子一样。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were (be) their own mother.
(2)He opened his mouth as if he would_say (say) something.
名师指津：as if
解题的关键在于能明白是对现在、过去还是将来的虚拟；如果对现在的虚拟，系动词be不管是第几人称都用were。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A great number of people suffered (遭受) a great deal in the earthquake.
2．In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought back to life after death (死亡)．
3．A great deal of money has been collected to help those suffering from the floods (洪水)．
4．Too much drinking will do damage (伤害) to your health; you should take the doctor's advice.
5．We should find a shelter (躲避处) from the wind.
6．Helicopters rescued (营救) nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.
7．I can't imagine a life without_electricity (电)．
8．All the listeners were greatly shocked (震惊的) when they heard the terrible news on radio.
9．His parents and his little brother lost their lives in the disaster_ (灾难)．
10．The well walls had deep cracks (裂缝) before the terrible earthquake happened.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．These old people have experienced all kinds of sufferings (suffer) in their difficult times.
2．He talks about Rome as if he had_been (be) there before.
3．Though suffering (suffer) such a heavy loss, the boss didn't lose the courage to go on with his business.
4．Trapped (trap) in the ruins, the girl still held a positive attitude.
5．I'm shocked (shock) at his determined attitude towards this matter.
6．It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining (ruin) our holiday.
7．Around 540 million people are_affected (affect) by secondhand smoke, which causes 100,000 deaths per year.
8．Buried (bury) under the ruins, the little girl was rather frightened.
9．The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely destroyed (destroy)．
10．When it was my turn to express my opinion, I was too nervous to say a word.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．我建议你应该待在这儿，好像什么事也没有发生过。
I suggest that you should stay here as_if_nothing_had_happened.
2．这顶帽子太大，没法戴。
The hat is_too_large_to_wear.
3．可怕的地震使整个城市在15秒内变成废墟。
The terrible earthquake_left_the_whole_city_in_ruins_in 15 seconds.
4．面对灾难，我们应该保持积极的心态，为更美好的未来重建家园。
In times of disaster, we should stay_positive_and_rebuild_for_a_brighter_future.
5．我很感激，你把我从困境中解救了出来。
I'm grateful that you have_rescued_me_from the difficult situation.
6．有这么多工作要做，我不能和你一起出去看电影。
With_so_much_work_to_do,_I can't go out to see a film with you.
Ⅳ.语法填空
Strange things happened before Tangshan Earthquake happened. The well walls had deep cracks. Some 1.smelly (smell) gas came out of them. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous 2.to_eat (eat). At 3：42 3.on the morning of July 28, 1976, everything began to shake. 4.It seemed as if the world was coming at an end. Steam burst from holes in the ground and hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, the whole city lay in 5.ruins (ruin). Two thirds of people died or were 6.injured (injure). Everything in the city was destroyed. People were 7.shocked (shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last. The army organized teams to dig out those 8.who were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for 9.survivors (survive). Fresh water was taken to the city. Slowly the city began to breathe again. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan 10.was_built (build) upon the earthquake ruins.
课时作业 14
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Earthquakes strike suddenly at any time of the day or night, but there's no way to tell when. If an earthquake happens, it may cause many deaths, injuries and damage. So you need a good preparation ahead of time. Decide how and where your family will get together if separated. Choose an outofstate friend or relative that the family members can call after the quake to report where they are and how they are. Know the safe places in each room: under the strong tables, desks, or against inside walls. Keep enough food, water and other things, including a flashlight, a radio, medicines and clothing.
During the earthquake, you should keep a clear head and never be too nervous to know what to do. Protect your head and neck with your arms. If possible, take a book, a pillow or any other things to protect yourself from falling glass and ruins. If you are indoors, you must immediately lie under any strong furniture. If outdoors, move to an open area away from trees, buildings, walls or powerpoles. If you are in a narrow valley, move to the centre of it and look up for falling stones. If you are in a car, move to the side of the road and stop the car. Do not stop near buildings, power lines or on or under bridges. Stay in your car until the shaking stops.
Do not move a badly injured person unless he is in great danger after the earthquake. Do not use the telephone immediately unless there is a serious injury or fire. Turn on your radio for instructions and news reports. Be prepared for aftershocks. If you want to leave your home, post a message inside your home telling your family members where you can be found.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了人们在地震前、地震中和地震后应该做的事情。
1．To prepare for an earthquake, we should make sure of ________.
A．when an earthquake may happen
B．the place where we can find our family
C．how to receive instructions and news reports
D．the money with which we can buy food and water
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段第四句可知，要提前确定地震后家人会合的地点，故B项正确。
2．If we are driving when an earthquake happens, we should ________.
A．find a strong building to hide in
B．leave the car as soon as possible
C．go on driving quickly to leave the area
D．move to the side of the road and stop there
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句可知，如果发生地震时你在开车，要把车开到路边停下，所以D项正确。
3．From the passage, we know that during an earthquake ________.
A．we should keep calm and know what to do clearly
B．the trees and walls can protect us if we are outdoors
C．we should protect our necks with a pillow or a book
D．falling glass can be used to help us
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，地震时，要保持头脑冷静，不能因为太紧张而不知所措，故正确答案为A项。
4．After an earthquake, we should ________.
A．move an injured person quickly
B．use the telephone immediately
C．turn on the TV to get news reports
D．leave a message before leaving home
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，地震后，在离开家之前，要留下信息告诉家人去哪里能找到你，故D项正确。
B
All of us spend a large part of our lives at home — eating, sleeping, relaxing and communicating with our family members. Our home is a shelter for us, away from the noisy, busy, and polluted world outside — a place where we can let down our hair and dress casually. Ecofriendliness (环保) is a hot word today and we all know we should make our environment as ecofriendly as possible. This is not only good for our health, but also good for the outward environment. Here are some easy and helpful tips to make your home ecofriendly.
Kitchen
Plan the kitchen to be bright and airy so that you don't have to turn on the lights at daytime. Don't make wasteful use of the gas. Keep all ingredients for cooking ready before lighting the gas. Turn it to low when not required — always using it on “high” burns a lot of gas.
Indoor plants
Plants are extremely ecofriendly and can be used to make your home look lively. Apart from adding life to home, they give out O2, thus making the air inside fresh. You can keep plants in your home, but be sure to show them some sunlight regularly. Also, if they are kept outside, clean their leaves with a wet cloth, as dust may be added to them. A home decorated (装饰) with plants looks attractive. Plants are a natural home decorating gift that shows concern about the environment. A green plant is a wonderful gift which will protect the earth and is sure to be appreciated.
Saving water
Most of the time, we_take_water_for_granted — we keep water running while brushing our teeth or washing clothes. Needless to say, this is a huge waste of natural resources (资源). Try to recycle water. For example, the water used for washing vegetables can be used for watering plants; the soapy water used for washing clothes can be used to clean the bathroom and kitchen.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了如何营造环保的家园，从厨房节约能源、种植室内植物和节约用水三方面提出的建议。
5．Why is the importance of our home discussed in Paragraph 1?
A．To advise us to communicate more with our family members.
B．To show it's necessary to make our home ecofriendly.
C．To advise us to spend more time staying at home.
D．To show the outside world is noisy and polluted.
答案与解析：B 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了如何营造环保的家园，因此可推断，第一段讨论家庭的重要性是为了表明创造环保家园是有必要的，从而引出下文。
6．What is advised to be done in the kitchen?
A．To open the window. B．To prepare simple meals.
C．To save energy. D．To turn down lights.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Don't make wasteful use of the gas.”可知，作者建议节约使用天然气，即在厨房要节约能源。
7．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．We don't realize the importance of water.
B．We try our best not to waste water.
C．We don't use water frequently.
D．We make full use of water.
答案与解析：A 句意理解题。根据画线部分后的“we keep water running while brushing our teeth or washing clothes.”可知，我们在刷牙或洗衣服时让水一直流着，因此可推测，画线句的言下之意是我们并没有意识到水的重要性。
8．Which could be the best title for the text?
A．Live a relaxing life.
B．Create a clean and safe home.
C．Our home is a shelter for us.
D．Make your home ecofriendly.
答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。根据第一段尾句“Here are some easy and helpful tips to make your home ecofriendly.”可知，本文主要阐述如何营造环保的家园。
Ⅱ.七选五
Getting enough sleep can be difficult in today's world. __1__ If you have trouble going to sleep on time, there are a few things you can do.
Know how much sleep you need. __2__ Children need 911 hours of sleep per day. Teenagers require 810 hours of sleep each night. Adults generally need 79 hours of sleep per night. Knowing how much sleep you need each night will help you know when you need to set your bedtime.
Get ready for bed at the same time every night. Don't wait until you start to feel sleepy, as this may keep you up longer than you want to stay awake. __3__ Set a suitable bedtime goal that works for your schedule.
Have a bedtime tradition. Doing the same things every night before bed will help signal (发信号) to your body that it is time to start getting sleepy. Try to create a sleep time tradition that you can perform every night before bed so that you get into the habit. __4__ Your bedtime tradition could include things like brushing your teeth or washing your face.
__5__ In an effort to lower your stress at bedtime, it might be useful to spend a little time preparing yourself for what you have to do in the morning. Feeling ready for the next day will help you relax and fall asleep more quickly. You can do things like picking out your clothes for the next day or packing your lunch for work.
A．Prepare yourself for the next day.
B．Different people have different sleep needs.
C．This will help you go to bed at the expected time every night.
D．Stop working at least one hour before bed so that you can relax a bit.
E．Reading in bed is one of the best ways to relax yourself after a long day.
F．However, if you don't get enough sleep, you'll feel tired and unhappy all the day.
G．Besides, getting ready for bed may cost you much time and make you sleep later than your expected bedtime.
【语篇解读】 本文就如何按时睡觉提出了几点建议。
1．答案与解析：F 根据本空前的“Getting enough sleep can be difficult in today's world.”及本空后的“If you have trouble going to sleep on time, there are a few things you can do.”可知，此处需要填一个承上启下的句子，说的是如果你没有足够的睡眠，你整天都会感到疲惫且情绪低落。
2．答案与解析：B 根据本空后的“Children need 911 hours of sleep per day... Adults generally need 79 hours of sleep per night.”可知，此处是指不同的人有不同的睡眠需求。
3．答案与解析：G 根据本空前的“Don't wait until you start to feel sleepy, as this may keep you up longer than you want to stay awake.”可知，此处与前面是递进关系，说的是准备睡觉的过程也会花费你很多时间，使你睡得比预期的时间晚。
4．答案与解析：C 根据本空前的“Try to create a sleep time tradition that you can perform every night before bed so that you get into the habit.”可知，此处承接上文，说的是这样做的好处。
5．答案与解析：A 根据本段内容，特别是“Feeling ready for the next day will help you relax and fall asleep more quickly.”可知，本段讲的是睡前为第二天做好准备对睡眠的好处。
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