【备战2023高考】英语全复习——第08讲《名词性从句》练习（全国通用）

这是一份【备战2023高考】英语全复习——第08讲《名词性从句》练习（全国通用），文件包含备战2023高考英语全复习第08讲《名词性从句》练习全国通用解析版docx、备战2023高考英语全复习第08讲《名词性从句》练习全国通用原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共15页， 欢迎下载使用。
第08讲 名词性从句（练）一、单项选择1．___________ our manager suddenly fell at this key moment made all of us very worried if we could finish the task satisfactorily.A．What B．That C．Why D．Whether【答案】B【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我们的经理在这个关键时刻突然倒下，这使我们大家都非常担心我们能否圆满完成任务。此处是主语从句，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故选B。2．While I thought I was careful enough, my wife was always complaining that I was driving at ________she thought was a dangerous speed.A．which B．what C．it D．one【答案】B【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：当我认为我已经足够小心的时候，我的妻子总是抱怨我以她认为是危险的速度开车。引导宾语从句，she thought为插入成分，从句中缺少主语，指事物，应用what。故选B。3．My family think they know a lot about me but I turn out to be a little different from________ they think.A．what B．that C．which D．how【答案】A【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我的家人以为他们非常了解我，不过我其实和他们认为的有点不一样。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指代事物，应用连接代词what引导。故选A项。4．Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ________she was heading.A．why B．where C．how D．when【答案】B【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：Jane漫无目的沿着绿树成荫的街道走着，不知道她该往何方。分析可知，空处引导宾语从句，前面的aimlessly表示漫无目的，说明的是不知道目的地，要用where来连接，表示“哪里”。故选B项。5．It is reported that a new school has been built in________ was a deserted village a few decades ago.A．which B．what C．that D．where【答案】B【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：据报道一个新的学校被建在几十年前荒废的村子上。介词in后面接的是宾语从句，宾语从句中没有主语，且指代地方，应用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故选B项。6．The great woman has achieved _______ she wanted to do in the past few decades.A．that B．what C．how D．whom【答案】B【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：这位伟大的女性在过去几十年里实现了她想要做的事情。分析句子可知，主语为the great woman，谓语为has achieved，空处引导宾语从句，从句缺宾语，表示她想要做的事情，用what引导。故选B项。7．My cellphone, ________ I couldn’t contact my parents, was taken away by my teacher for the reason ________ I had used it in my English class.A．which, why B．with which, that C．without which, why D．without which, that【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句和名词性从句。句意：142/5000 我的手机，没有它我无法联系我的父母，被我的老师拿走了，原因是我在我的英语课上使用它。第一个空考查定语从句，先行词为My cellphone，根据句意“没有它,我不能联系我的父母”，用without which引导非限定性定语从句；第二个空考查同位语从句，解释说明名词the reason，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用that引导。故选D。8．Over the years I’ve been trying to figure out________prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect.A．what it is that B．that it is whatC．it is what D．what is it that【答案】A【解析】考查宾语从句和强调句。句意：多年来，我一直在试图找出是什么阻止了这么多美国人像人们所期望的那样快乐。分析句子可知，此句为figure out后接宾语从句，从句中动词prevents缺主语，故用连接代词what引导。因宾语从句中包含一个强调句的疑问句型：特殊疑问词+is/was it that+其它，又因宾语从句用陈述语序，故is/was应置于it之后，故选A。9．I am impressed with China’s commitment to its climate goals,________ by the fact________China has met its 2025 targets three years ahead of schedule.A．evidenced; that B．evidenced; whichC．was evidenced; that D．was evidenced; which【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词和同位语从句。句意：我对中国实现气候目标的决心印象深刻，中国提前三年实现了2025年的目标。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是“am impressed”，第一空用非谓语动词，由by可知，第一空用过去分词表被动；第二空引导的是同位语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that引导同位语从句，故选A。10．________was beyond their expectation was that they finally reached a place________sold drinks and other small articles.A．It; which B．It; where C．What; which D．What; where【答案】C【解析】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：出乎意料的是，他们终于来到了一个卖饮料和其他小商品的地方。______was beyond their expectation是缺乏连接词的主语从句，从句缺乏主语，意为“什么”，故用连接代词What；a place______sold drinks and other small articles是缺乏关系词的定语从句，先行词是a place，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故选C项。11．They had a traffic jam on their way to school and ______ made matters worse was ______ it began to rain.A．what, / B．it, / C．what, that D．it, that【答案】C【解析】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：他们在去学校的路上遇到了交通堵塞，更糟糕的是天开始下雨了。分析句子结构可知，and前后连接两个句子，在and后面句子中，第一空引导主语从句，在从句中做主语，表示“……的事”，应用what来引导；第二空引导表语从句，且从句中不缺少成分句意完整，用无任何意义只起连接作用的that引导，且不能省略，故选C。12．I still remember the story, believe it or not, ______ we got lost on a rainy night.A．which B．that C．what D．when【答案】B【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：信不信由你，我还记得那个故事，我们在一个雨夜迷路了。“believe it or not”是插入语，解题时可省略，分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是同位语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that，故选B。13．______ the little boy came to Zhuhai alone yesterday remains a mystery.A．How B．When C．That D．If【答案】A【解析】考查主语从句。句意：这个小男孩昨天是如何独自来珠海的仍然是个谜。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句成分完整，表示“如何”应用连接副词how。故选A项。14．He often asked me the question ______ we would start our project.A．that B．when C．which D．what【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：他经常问我一个问题，我们什么时候会开始我们的项目。 分析句子可知，空格处引导同位语从句，解释说明the question，根据句意，应用when“什么时候”引导同位语从句，故填when。15．The companies are working together to create ______ they hope will be the best transport in the 21st century.A．which B．that C．what D．who【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：两家公司正在共同努力，创造他们希望的21世纪最好的交通工具。A. which哪一个；B. that多么；如此…以至；用于某些动词、形容词和名词后，引出各种从句；C. what ……的事物；D. who谁。分析句子结构及句意可知空处应填宾语从句的引导词，they hope为插入语，从句缺少主语，应用引导词what，在从句中做主语。故选C项。16．The problem was ________ they could find something in common between them.A．whether B．if C．that D．what【答案】A【解析】考查表语从句。句意：问题是他们是否能找到他们之间的共同点。分析句子可知，设空处是表语从句的连接词，且缺句意“是否”，故用whether，if不引导表语从句。that连接句意完整的表语从句，what在表语从句中充当宾语，意为“什么”。故选A。17．It was until late afternoon          he was figuring out          he considered was a wise way to fight against it.A．when; what                 B．that; that                 C．that; what                        D．when; that【答案】C【解析】考查强调句和名词性从句。句意：直到下午晚些时候他才意识到他想到的是解决问题的正确的方法。第一空是until 用于强调句，构成it is not until···that  “直到……才”，第二空后______he thought是主语从句，从句缺少宾语，且意为“……的事情”，应用连接代词what引导。故选C。18．These days, teachers have been sparing no efforts to create         they hope will be the best means to improve the efficiency of online teaching,         some students don’t notice or care about, though.A．that, which B．what, which C．which, what D．what, that【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句和定语从句。句意：如今，教师们一直在不遗余力地创造他们希望的最好的手段来提高在线教学的效率，尽管有些学生没有注意到或在意这些。分析句子结构可知，第一空设空处位于动词create后，引导了一个从句，这是一个宾语从句，在从句中充当谓语will be的主语，故第一空应填what；而后面的they hope实际上是一个省略了that的定语从句，可以遮住不看；第二个空位于逗号后，是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句，故应填which。故选B项。19． It is suggested at the end of the passage         the things         we buy often affect many people’s lives around the world.A．that, what B．which, / C．that, / D．what, that【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句和定语从句。句意：文章最后指出，我们买的东西经常影响世界各地许多人的生活。第一空It is suggested that…为主语从句，it为为形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。第二空为定语从句，句中先行词为the things，在定语从句中作动词buy的宾语，所以用关系代词which或that引导，也可以省略关系代词。故选C。20．It’s true ______ inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn’t be completely overlooked.A．how B．why C．that D．what【答案】C【解析】考查固定句型和that引导的主语从句。句意：内在美确实很重要，但是外在美也不应该被完全忽视。A. how怎样；到何种地步；以任何方式；B. why为什么；C. that多么；如此…以至；用于某些动词、形容词和名词后，引出各种从句；D. what 什么。分析句子结构可知空处应填主语从句引导词，从句结构完整，结合句意应填that，It is true that...“……确实；诚然”，为固定句型，其中it为形式主语，that从句为真正的的主语。故选C项。。二、用适当的词填空21．I have enough evidence ____________ hard work pays off. 【答案】that【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：我有足够的证据证明努力是有回报的。空处引导同位语从句，用来解释说明前面的名词evidence，且从句不缺任何成分，句意完整，应用只起连接作用的that来引导，且不可省略that。故填that。22．It is likely ________the matter has already been discussed on our forum. I think your parents are too strict with you. 【答案】that【解析】考查主语从句。句意：很可能这个问题已经在我们论坛上讨论过了。我觉得你父母对你太严厉了。根据所给句子可知，此处是固定句型It is likely that...，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。故填that。23．Evidence has been found through years of study ________ children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up. 【答案】that【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：通过多年的研究已经发现了孩子们早期的睡眠问题可能随着长大会继续的证据。通过分析句子结构可知，句中包含同位语从句，说明evidence的内容，用that连接同位语从句，that在同位语从句中不作任何成分，且没有实际意义。填that。24．What Tom’s parents really doubt is _________ he will recover from the serious disease soon. 【答案】whether##if【解析】考查表语从句。句意：汤姆的父母真正怀疑的是他是否能很快从这场大病中康复。分析可知，空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，由doubt可知，句子表示“汤姆的父母真正怀疑的是他是否能很快从这场大病中康复”，空格处意为“是否”，用whether/if引导表语从句，故填whether/if。25．The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ________ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.【答案】whether   【解析】考查主语从句。句意：一般来说，一个人智力的极限是在出生时就确定的，但他是否达到这些极限将取决于他所处的环境。“he reaches these limits”是主语从句，根据“will depend on his environment”可知，句子表示“他是否达到这些极限将取决于他所处的环境”，空格处意为“是否”，用whether引导主语从句，故填whether。26．Having checked the doors were closed, and ________ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.【答案】that   【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：在检查了所有的门都关了，并且所有的灯都关了之后，男孩打开了他卧室的门。分析句子结构，and连接并列的两个宾语从句，空处引导第二个宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，应用that引导，且that一般不能省略。故答案为that。27．His writing is so confusing that it is difficult to make out ________ it is that he is trying to express.【答案】what   【解析】考查宾语从句和强调句型。句意：他的作品如此令人困惑，以至于很难理解他想要表达什么。空格处引导一个宾语从句，在从句中作动词express的宾语，指事用what引导宾语从句，同时what之后的从句又是强调句的特殊疑问句，被强调部分用what进行了提问，宾语从句使用陈述语序。故答案为what。28．________ delighted me most was that my son was admitted to Beijing University.【答案】What【解析】考查主语从句。句意：最让我高兴的是我儿子考上了北京大学。分析句子结构，此句为主语从句，从句delighted me most缺主语，指物用连接代词what引导。故填What。29．The news quickly spread all over the world ________ Michael Schumacher came to life after his injury. 【答案】that【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：迈克尔·舒马赫伤愈复出的消息迅速传遍全世界。分析句子可知，本句为同位语从句，迈克尔·舒马赫伤愈复出为消息的内容，用that引导同位语从句。故填that。30．The fact has worried many scientists ________ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.【答案】that【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：这些年来地球变得越来越热这个事情让很多科学家很担忧。分析句子结构，此句为同位语从句。从句the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years对前面名词 the fact的内容进行解释，用连接词that。故填that。31．Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was ________ it was rather closely modelled on his own life.【答案】that   【解析】考查表语从句。句意：狄更斯之所以喜欢自己的大卫·科波菲尔小说，部分原因在于这部小说非常贴近他自己的生活。分析句子可知，本句为表语从句，that引导表语从句，在句中起连接作用，不充当任何成分，没有任何实际的意思。故答案为that。32．________ was the most important for us to hire employees, the boss said, was their capacities for work rather than their diplomas.【答案】What【解析】考查主语从句。句意：老板说，对我们雇佣员工来说最重要的是他们的工作能力而不是文凭。分析句子结构可知，句中有两处谓语，这是一个复合句，根据从句结构特征可知，这是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示物，应用连词what，此处位于句首，需首字母大写。故填What。33．Is there any possibility ________ you could pick me up at the airport?【答案】that【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：你有可能去机场接我吗？分析句子结构可知，设空处前后均为一个完整地句子，故需填连词，先行词为抽象名词possibility，此处是同位语从句，从句中不缺少主干成分，不缺意义。故填that。34．All the students insisted that Tom ________ the cleverest and should be chosen monitor.【答案】was【解析】考查宾语从句的时态。句意：所有的学生都坚持认为汤姆是最聪明的，应该被选为班长。主句谓语动词insisted此处意为“坚持认为”，结合句意第一个宾语从句的内容是一种真实情况，主句为一般过去时，所以从句也要用一般过去时。故填was。35．It seems obvious_________ evolution should select for larger brains.【答案】that【解析】考查主语从句。句意：很明显，进化应该选择更大的大脑。It seems obvious that...为固定句型，表示“很明显……”，其中It为形式主语，that引导从句作真正的主语。故填that。36．Our school is no longer _________ it was 10 years ago, when it was not well equipped. 【答案】what【解析】考查表语从句。句意：我们的学校不再是十年前的样子了，那时它还没有很好的设备。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中缺少表语，句子表示“我们的学校不再是十年前的样子了”，空格处用what引导表语从句，故填what。37．A problem has occurred ________we should develop innovative thinking abilities in the classrooms by giving students opportunities to generate new ideas. 【答案】whether【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：我们是否应该培养学生的创新能力这个问题已经出现了。根据句意，此处应用whether表示“是否”，引导同位语从句。故填whether。38．Please do ________ your parents ask you to do. Otherwise, you’ll get into trouble.【答案】what【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：请按照你父母让你做的去做。否则，你会有麻烦的。分析可知，此处引导宾语从句作动词do的宾语，连接代词what引导从句，在从句中作宾语，指代事物，意为“……的事”。故填what。39．_________ inspires us is that pioneers have been dedicated to improving our life. 【答案】What【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：激励着我们的是先驱们一直致力于改善我们的生活。分析可知，此处引导主语从句，连接代词what引导从句，在从句中作主语，意为“……的事”。句首字母大写，故填What。40．It is a common knowledge ________ practice makes perfect. 【答案】that【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：众所周知，熟能生巧。分析可知，句子为主语从句，it做形式主语，从句句意和句子结构完整，连接词为that。故填that。三、汉译英41．人如其食（吃什么你就是什么样的人）。【答案】You are what you eat.【解析】考查名词性从句。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指“什么”，所以应用连接代词what引导。此处描述真理，应用一般现在时。再结合其它汉语意思，故翻译为You are what you eat.。42．怎么样生活以及对饮食做出正确的决定都取决于你。【答案】It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet.【解析】考查固定句型，时态和宾语从句。根据句意可知，句子描述的是一般性事实，应用一般现在时。“做……都取决于你”应用固定句型it is up to you to do...，“怎么样生活”理解为“决定怎么样生活”写成用how引导的宾语从句，即decide how you want to live，“对饮食做出正确的决定”翻译成make the right decisions about your diet，且“怎么样生活”和“对饮食做出正确的决定”是并列关系，共同放在it is up to you to do...句型中的不定式后面，故整句翻译为It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet.。43．显然，很多动物因为人类的活动正处于灭绝的危险中。（clear）【答案】It is clear that many animals are in danger of extinction because of human activities.【解析】考查主语从句，固定短语，时态和主谓一致。分析句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“显然”用固定句型It is clear that...，其中It是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，“很多动物”是many animals，“因为人类的活动”是because of human activities，“正处于灭绝的危险中”是be in danger of extinction，animals是复数，其后be动词用are，因此整句话翻译为“It is clear that many animals are in danger of extinction because of human activities”。故答案为It is clear that many animals are in danger of extinction because of human activities.44．众所周知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。【答案】It is known to all that China has the largest population in the world.【解析】考查主语从句。“众所周知”翻译为it is known to all；“中国”翻译为China；“人口最多”翻译为have the largest population；“世界上”做地点状语，翻译为in the world。此句陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时，且it is known that中的it做形式主语，后跟that引导真正的主语从句，且从句中China做主语，为三人称单数，故翻译为It is known to all that China has the largest population in the world.45．令我惊奇的是，我发现我和这个陌生人有很多共同之处。（have sth. in common）【答案】To my surprise, I found that I had a lot in common with this stranger.【解析】考查时态和宾语从句。to one’s surprise (令某人惊奇的是)，have sth. in common (与某物有共同之处)，事情已发生，时态用一般过去时，find (发现)后接宾语从句“我和这个陌生人有很多共同之处”，从句结构完整，不缺意义，用that引导，故翻译为：To my surprise, I found that I had a lot in common with this stranger.46．毫无疑问，成功源于不断的努力而非运气。（rather than）【答案】There is no doubt that success comes from the efforts we have been constantly making rather than luck.【解析】考查时态、固定搭配、同位语从句和定语从句。表示“毫无疑问”应该用there is no doubt that，that引导的是同位语从句。表示“成功来源于不断的努力”描述的是客观事实，应该使用一般现在时，应用success comes from the efforts；表示“我们不断地做出努力而非运气”应用that we have been constantly making rather than luck，此处that引导定语从句，修饰先行词efforts，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略。表示“而非”应用rather than。故翻译为There is no doubt that success comes from the efforts we have been constantly making rather than luck.46．你赞同女性要身材苗条、皮肤白皙的美丽标准吗？(that) 【答案】Do you approve of/agree with the beauty standard/ideal/criteria that women should be slim and fair-/pale-skinned ?【解析】考查同位语从句和一般现在时态。表示“赞同”用动词短语approve of或agree with；表示“美丽标准”用名词短语为the beauty standard/ideal/criteria；表示“女性要身材苗条、皮肤白皙”用同位语从句 “that women should be slim and fair-/pale-skinned” 表示，作名词standard/ideal/criteria(标准)的同位语，引导词that在从句中无词义，不作成分；本句说的是一般状况，要用一般现在时态。故翻译为Do you approve of/agree with the beauty standard/ideal/criteria that women should be slim and fair-/pale-skinned ?48．我希望能在你们的帮助下取得很大的进步。(make progress)【答案】I hope I can make great progress with your help.【解析】考查宾语从句和动词短语。根据中文提示，可知本句使用一般现在时，是一个主从复合句，主句是“我希望”应译为I hope，其后是宾语从句，从句结构完整，应用that引导，也可省略，从句主语分析可知依旧是“我”，谓语动词是“能取得很大的进步”，根据所给英文提示词，所以翻译为can make great progress，“在你们的帮助下”做状语，应翻译为with your help。故译为：I hope I can make great progress with your help.49．我最关心的是日常必需品是否能买到，而不是它们质量怎么好。(concern)【答案】What concerns me most is not how good the daily necessities are but the availability of them. 【解析】考查时态和主语从句。分析句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“我最关心的是”用what引导的主语从句，是what concerns me most，“日常必需品”是the daily necessities，“日常必需品（他们）是否能买到”用the availability of them，“而不是”用not，“它们质量怎么好”是how good the daily necessities are，因此整句话翻译为“What concerns me most is not how good the daily necessities are but the availability of them”，故答案为What concerns me most is not how good the daily necessities are but the availability of them.50．让孩子们高兴的是他们下周将去旅游。(用名词性从句翻译) 【答案】What delights the children is that they are going to travel next week.或It delights the children that they are going to travel next week.【解析】考查主语从句、表语从句和时态。“让孩子们高兴的”可以用主语从句表示，引导词作主语，表示“……的（东西等）”，用连接what，谓语动词delight“使高兴”，故译为What delights the children，系动词is“是”后是表语从句“他们下周将去旅游”，从句的主语是they，由next week可知用一般将来时，表示计划做某事用be going to 结构，故译为they are going to travel next week，从句句意完整，成分齐全，只起连接作用，用that引导，或用形式主语it，主语从句是“他们下周将去旅游”，后置，谓语动词是delight，宾语是the children，从句作主语，谓语动词用单数，表示现在的事情用一般现在时，故翻译为What delights the children is that they are going to travel next week.或It delights the children that they are going to travel next week.