【备战2023高考】英语全复习——第12讲《阅读理解推理判断题》练习（全国通用）

这是一份【备战2023高考】英语全复习——第12讲《阅读理解推理判断题》练习（全国通用），文件包含备战2023高考英语全复习第12讲《阅读理解推理判断题》练习全国通用解析版docx、备战2023高考英语全复习第12讲《阅读理解推理判断题》练习全国通用原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共20页， 欢迎下载使用。
第12讲 阅读理解推理判断题 （练）ASophia Gholz is an award-winning children's book author, music lover. and magic seeker. Sophia enjoys writing fiction with humor and heart. When writing nonfiction, she pulls on her love of science and her family background in ecology. Her book, The Boy Who Grew a Forest, shares the true story of Jadav Payeng, a man in India who single- bandedly planted an entire forest over the course of his lifetime. When he was younger, Jadav Payeng was shocked by the destruction of his island home. So he took matters into his own bands and began planting one seed at a time. Jadav's forest is now over 1300 acres and provides a home to many animals, some endangered. Jadav is still planting today and his hard work has now been celebrated around the world. To write this story, Sophia got to know more about Jadav Payeng and his forest through a documentary film called Forest Man. Influenced by her father, a forest ecologist and a scientist, she grew up learning about the importance of trees and the natural world. When she heard about a man on a m1ssion to reforest an entire island on his own, she was drawn to this story. As for research, most of her research was done online. She read every news article that she could find about Jadav and listened to every interview. Then she reached out to several people who had met or interviewed Jadav as well, including the producer of his short documentary film. She hopes that The Boy Who Grew a Forest lights a spark in everyone who reads it to go out and care for our beautiful planet. She'd love young readers to be inspired to plant or to learn more about animal habitats, biodiversity and science in general.1．What is the second paragraph mainly about?A．A story on how to plant trees. B．Endangered animals in the forest.C．Destruction of Jadav's island home. D．A book introducing a tree- planting hero.2．What do we know about Jadav Payeng ? A．He has quit planting recently. B．He is known to many people. .C．He was an actor of Forest Man. D．He planted trees with his family.3．Which words can best describe Jadav Payeng?A．Humorous and skilled. B．Creative and outgoing.C．Determined and diligent. D．Controversia1 and helpful.4．What's the purpose of writing The Boy Who Grew a Forest?A．To encourage research on wildlife. B．To describe a boy's farming experience.C．To stress the importance of planting trees. D．To advocate the action to protect the earth.BIt’s common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous painting seems to look back at viewers, following them with her eyes no matter where they are in the room. But this common knowledge turns out wrong.A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle of 15.4° off to the viewer’s right — well outside the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them. In other words, said the study author, Horstmann, “She’s not looking at you.”This is ironic (讽刺), because the entire phenomenon of a person’s gaze (凝视) in a photograph or painting seeming to follow the viewer is called the “Mona Lisa effect”, which is absolutely real. If a person is illustrated or photographed looking straight ahead, even people viewing the portrait from an angle will feel they are being looked at. As long as the angle of the person’s gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs.Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-intelligence avatars (虚拟头像) when Horstmann took a long look at the “Mona Lisa” and realized she wasn’t looking at him.To make sure it wasn’t just him, the researchers gathered 24 people to view images of the “Mona Lisa” on a computer screen. They set a ruler between the viewer and the screen and asked the participants to note which number on the ruler intersected (相交) Mona Lisa’s gaze. To calculate the angle of Mona Lisa’s gaze as she looked at the viewer, they moved the ruler farther from or closer to the screen during the study. Consistently, the researchers found, participants judged that the woman in the “Mona Lisa” portrait was not looking straight at them, but slightly off to their right.So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer? Horstmann isn’t sure. It’s possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. Or maybe the people who first coined the term “Mona Lisa effect” just thought it was a cool name.5．It is generally believed that the woman in the painting “Mona Lisa” ________.A．attracts the viewers to look backB．seems mysterious because of her eyesC．fixes her eyes on the back of the viewersD．looks at observers wherever they stand6．What did the new study find?A．The Mona Lisa effect does not really exist.B．The mystery of the woman’s smile in the painting.C．The angle of the gaze in Mona Lisa effect.D．Mona Lisa effect does not occur with Mona Lisa.7．The experiment involving 24 people was conducted to ________.A．confirm Horstmann’s beliefB．create artificial-intelligence avatarsC．calculate the angle of Mona Lisa’s gazeD．show how the Mona Lisa effect can be applied8．What can we learn from the passage?A．Horstmann thinks it cool to coin the term “Mona Lisa effect”.B．The Mona Lisa effect contributes to the creation of artificial intelligence.C．Feeling being gazed at by Mona Lisa may be caused by the desire for attention.D．The position of the ruler in the experiment will influence the viewers’ judgement.CTeaching children to empathize with others measurably improves their creativity, and could potentially lead to several other benefits, new research suggests.The findings are from a year-long University of Cambridge study with Design and Technology (D&T) year 9 pupils at two London schools. Pupils at School A spent the year following the standard curriculum, while School B’s D&T lessons used a set of engineering design thinking tools to foster students’ creativity and empathy in solving real-world problems.Both sets of pupils were assessed for creativity at the start and end of the school year using the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking: a well-established psychological test.The results showed a significant increase in creativity among pupils at School B．At the start, the creativity scores of pupils in School A were 11% higher than those at School B．By the end, however, creativity scores from School B were 78% higher.Pupils from School B again scored higher in categories such as “emotional expressiveness” and “open-mindedness”, indicating an improvement in empathy was driving the overall creativity scores.Meanwhile, the study suggests encouraging empathy can deepen pupils’ general engagement with learning. They found that boys in School B showed an improvement in emotional expression, scoring 64% higher at the end of the year than at the start, while girls improved more regarding cognitive empathy, showing 62% more perspective-taking.The research is part of a long-term cooperation between the Faculty of Education and the Department of Engineering at the University of Cambridge, led by Bill Nicholl and Ian Hosking. “Teaching for empathy has been problematic despite being part of the National Curriculum for over two decades. It’s vital if we want education to encourage the designers and engineers of tomorrow.” said Nicholl.9．What was the purpose to introduce engineering design thinking tools in D&-T lessons?A．To assess the pupils' creativity accurately.B．To show the superiority of standard curriculumC．To train pupils to empathize with others in reality.D．To improve pupils' involvement with class activities.10．How did the researchers get the result?A．By doing an experiment.B．By conducting interviews.C．By giving out questionnaires.D．By referring to related literature.11．What can we infer from the study result?A．The creativity of pupils in School B always took the lead.B．The empathy of pupils in School A promotes their creativity.C．Boys and girls differed in their change due to the D&T course.D．Teaching for empathy has already achieved a lot due to education reform.12．Where is the text probably from?A．A popular journal.B．A political report.C．An autobiography.D．A science magazine.DWith the social media freely available, I've realized how easy it is to become a jealous cow. The truth is that however much I remind myself of the many wonderful things I have in my life, there are still moments when I look at those around me and feel bitterly upset by their success.It's a horrible thing to admit! In an ideal world, I'd never want to be jealous of another person's achievements and I'd want to celebrate the successes of my friends. But sometimes it's hard, even when we want to. But I don't want to live my life as a jealous cow, and I assume you don't either.It's easier to celebrate other people's wins if you celebrate your own. How often do we take the time to enjoy our success rather than instantly move onto the next thing we want to achieve? Last year, I decided to write a book. It was the only professional goal I set for myself and, while it tired me out, I got there. But as soon as it was done, I started planning my next goal-making the book a success. As I saw other people publishing books, I stopped celebrating and instead began to fear that mine wouldn't compete.When I told a friend how I was feeling, she reminded me how much easier it is to clap for someone else when we also clap for ourselves. So, I took myself out for lunch, ordered a glass of wine and wrote myself a congratulations card. When I saw all those other books being written on my social media, I felt proud of each and every one of us who had battled to the end of the word count.The other trick for celebrating other people's success is to realize that there is no limit on success. We can make more, which means that while it might seem as if others have everything and we have nothing, the reality is that life turns quickly and our luck could change at any time. If others have achieved those things, we can too. When we celebrate others, we're acknowledging their achievements but also cheering for ourselves as well as for our hopes and dreams and our belief that we can make them happen. And hopefully, when we do, those people will cheer for us too.13．What can we infer from Paragraph 1?A．Social media is the source of the author's jealousy.B．Frequent successes on social media encourage envy.C．It is a pleasure to face others' successes on social media.D．People tend to be crazy about immediate success online.14．As far as the author is concerned,what should we do after achieving success?A．Appreciate what's been done.B．Show it off on social media.C．Reflect on gains and losses.D．Waite for others' congratulations.15．One of the keys to removing jealousy lies in.A．pursuing those achievable goalsB．devoting yourself to the next goalC．admitting personal incompetenceD．changing your attitude to success16．What is the best title for the passage?A．I'm so happy for us!B．What a considerate friend!C．I don't care about it!D．How selfless you can be!EFlocks of hundreds of regent honeyeaters（王吸蜜鸟）could once be spotted all over south-eastern Australia on a regular basis, but today the species is critically endangered, with only 300 believed to exist in the entire world. They were also known for the complexity of their mating songs, but as their numbers started declining, scientists started noticing male regent honeyeaters didn’t even sound like their species anymore. Today, there is enough evidence that regent honeyeaters have forgotten how to sing, which could cause the entire species to go extinct.At one point, Australian scientists noticed that male regent honeyeaters were imitating（模仿）the songs of other bird species. Some experts believed that the imitation was a purposeful strategy to avoid attacks from their enemies. However, a recent study showed otherwise. Young regent honeyeaters learn their songs from adult members of their species, just like human children learn to speak, but because they are spread so thin in their habitat-they could occupy probably 10 times the size of the UK but are really small in quantity-many males don’t get to listen to the right songs, so they start adopting the tunes of other bird species. The problem is that these aren’t the songs female regent honeyeaters want to hear, so their chances of finding a mate are very slim.Scientists are now planning to catch wild males that can sing and put them next to caged regent honeyeaters so that the young birds can learn the right song. They then plan to release them into the wild every few years, where they will hopefully be able to attract females and reproduce.“This study shows how damaging population declines and habitat fragmentation（碎片）might be to this critical process in the life of songbirds,” said Dr Sue Zollinger, an expert in animal communication from Manchester Metropolitan University.17．Why are regent honeyeaters faced with extinction?A．They are short of food. B．They are incapable of imitation.C．Their habitats are badly destroyed. D．Male birds fail to sing the right songs.18．What is paragraph 2 intended to do?A．Analyse the reason. B．Draw a conclusion.C．Present the problem. D．Add some background.19．What are scientists doing to help the honeyeaters?A．Broadcasting mating songs to the young birds.B．Introducing wild birds to teach caged ones.C．Training them to escape from the enemies.D．Spreading them in different habitats.20．Why does the writer mention Dr Sue Zollinger’s words?A．To indicate the difficulty of catching wild birds.B．To offer some strategies for animal communication.C．To point out the critical tunes of the bird’s mating songs.D．To stress the significance of an ideal population per habitat.FOn July 24, 2020, Mike Stout launched his kayak（皮筏艇）just before 8：30 a.m. About 56 miles and 16.5 hours later, he landed on the sandy Michigan shore. It was his second time crossing Lake Michigan.By chance, Stout said, he gave kayaking a try in 2016. Already in good physical condition, he considered kayaking a weekend escape. Then he was challenged by a client of his firm to think bigger. He did go big quickly. Weekend kayak trips were 40, 50 and 60 miles long over the next few months. Then his goal was to cross Lake Michigan that year. On August 3, Stout completed his first crossing of Lake Michigan in 15.5 hours. Since then, he’s finished countless long-distance trips on Minnesota rivers and lakes.In heading back to Lake Michigan last summer, Stout thought he could become the first kayaker to make a round-trip crossing of the Great Lake. He felt capable. He’d put in 800 miles since March 1, 2020-when ice was still on the Minnesota River.Stout wanted to do with manageable winds. Possibilities rose, only to become worse, the lake showing its mercurial nature. Stout realized a single crossing was his best hope. With local police informed of his plans and plenty of food aboard, Stout launched. His plan was to land on the Michigan shore 12.5 hours later. The lake thought otherwise. The winds and waves were working against him, too. Still, he was resolute. Finally he could hear waves crashing on shore.“Never did I have a sense of doubt or fear or worry,” Stout said. Despite the constant, forceful wind, he said the crossing was easier than his others because of his experience. But no less meaningful. The stars, the chance to speak to the heavens, and the hope that his adventure would inspire others-all were fuel to finish.21．What can we infer about Stout from paragraph 2?A．He challenged his client.B．He intended to escape real life.C．He was organized and determined.D．He set a goal bigger than his capability.22．What forced Stout to change his journey into a single crossing in 2020?A．His physical state. B．The weather condition.C．The freezing water. D．Warning from local police.23．What does the underlined word “mercurial” in paragraph 4 mean?A．Changeable. B．Merciful. C．Perfect. D．Balanced.24．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A．Weather. B．Adventure. C．Geography. D．Entertainment.