高中英语高考复习重点语法专项练习（状语从句+定语从句）

这是一份高中英语高考复习重点语法专项练习（状语从句+定语从句），共14页。试卷主要包含了状语从句，选用适当的单词或短语补全句子，完成句子，句型转换，汉译英等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高考英语重点语法练习
班级 考号 姓名 总分
一、状语从句
一、根据语境在空白处填入适当的状语从句的连词
1.________regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.(状语从句)
2.I will be grateful ________ you could give me a kind consideration.
3.________ I showed my answer to him，the teacher praised me for my independent thinking.
4.________cleaning street is no more than an ordinary job，it contributes to the society.
5.Good opinions are worth sticking to ________they can benefit us all.
6.Leave your key with a neighbor ________ you lock yourself out one day.
7.It took nearly two hundred years ________I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子

8.The famous scientist grew up ______ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.
9.______ much advice you give him, he does what he wants.
10.He carried the book ______ he went, in case he was seized by sudden inspiration.
11.______ takes on this job, he will have to be faced with the challenging situation he has never experienced before.
12.______ she has spared no effort in learning, she still couldn't live up to her parents' expectation.
13.______ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
14.A student of mid-level intelligence could become an excellent one ______ he is able to arrange his time in a proper order.
15.It is comforting to see that small ______ we may be, we are doing our part for the environment.
16.I took my driving licence with me on holiday, ______ I wanted to hire a car.
17.I wondered ______ or not we could complete our task on time.
三、完成句子
18.男孩焦急地在操场上到处跑着，仿佛在找什么丢失的东西。（状语从句的省略）
The boy is running anxiously here and there in the playground_______________________.
19.有必要时你需要做些提升。(when状语从句的省略)
You need to
_____________________________________________________________.
20.虽然十分疲倦，我们对能够帮助别人感到兴奋。（状语从句的省略）
_________________________________________, we felt excited to be able to help others.
21.考试的时候,不要作弊,否则你将会受到严厉的惩罚。(状语从句的省略)
Don't cheat ______________________________________.Otherwise, you will be severely punished.
22.________________________________________, he took an umbrella with him.
他每次出门都带着伞。(every time引导状语从句)
23.随着一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强。(as引导的时间状语从句）
__________________________________________________ , China is getting richer and stronger.
24.自从他3年前离开，我们没有见过彼此。(since引导时间状语从句)
We haven't seen each other _______________________________________ 3 years ago.
25.________________________________ she will take me to the park.
如果我妈妈有空, 她将会带我去公园。(if引导条件状语从句)
26.如果开得太快，你可能会出事故。(if引导的条件状语从句)
___________________________________________________， you may have an accident.
27.Now that he works and can take care of himself, his daughter has time to study at university.(now that引导原因状语从句)
____________________________________________________, we might as well go a little farther.
我们既然都走这么远了，不妨再往前走一点。
28.无论他去什么地方，他都忘不了那次可怕的经历。(everywhere引导地点状语从句)
_________________________________________, he will never forget that terrible experience.
四、句型转换
29.We won’t go to his party.He invites us.(改为含状语从句的复合句)
We won’t go to his party __________________________________.
30.It snows.We will have a day or two off tomorrow.(改为含状语从句的复合句)
____________________________________________, we will have a day or two off.
31.The doctor was tired.He went on working.(改为含状语从句的复合句)
_________________________________________________________, he went on working.
32.You must work hard.Then you can fulfil your plan ahead of time.(改为目的状语从句)
→______________________________________________________________________
33.John told a very funny story.Mary wanted to hear it again.(改为结果状语从句)
→__________________________________________________________________
五、汉译英（整句）
34.汤姆仍然对生活满怀希望，如同十年前一样。(as 引导方式状语从句)
________________________________________________________________________
35.Everywhere...无论哪里……（引导地点状语从句时，相当于wherever）
例句：Everywhere she goes, she will receive warm welcome.
仿写：无论他走到哪，我都会找到他。
__________________________________________________
无论他去哪儿旅行，他都会给我寄来明信片。
___________________________________________________
36.一旦启动，今年这个工程就很难停下来。(once引导的状语从句的省略) （汉译英）
________________________________________________________________________
37.虽然汤姆有许多优点，但他也有缺点。(while引导的让步状语从句)（汉译英）
________________________________________________________________________
38.无论情况多糟糕，在紧急情况下我们都要试图保持冷静。(让步状语从句) (汉译英）
________________________________________________________________________
39.每次看到这张老照片，它总是让我想起我的童年。（状语从句，remind...of)
________________________________________________________________________
40.随着时间的推移，这个国家变得越来越强大。（as引导的时间状语从句）
________________________________________________________________________
41.父母应该给孩子买太阳镜，因为在炎热的天气里保护眼睛是很有必要的。（because引导的原因状语从句）
________________________________________________________________________
42.他如果提高自己的技能，将会容易找到工作。（if引导条件状语从句）
___________________________________________________________________________
43.你应该在会议上保持沉默，除非被邀请讲话。(状语从句的省略)
_______________________________________________________________
二、定语从句
一、用适当的关系代词填空
1.This is the place ______is worth visiting.
2.She has a brother _______name I can’t remember.
3.The man _________is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
4.People __________ are against the idea think it is unnecessary to build the dam.
5.Organic farmers also plant diverse crops ________ use different depths of soil to help keep it rich.
6.The theme park you are probably most familiar with is Disneyland, ________ can be found in several parts of the world.
7.I lent some money to Earl, __________house was destroyed in the flood.
8.The classroom，__________door is broken， will soon be repaired.
9.I’m fond of Xiao Du who is a robot_____________I can talk at any time.
10.Victims thank those _________ helped them rebuild after an earthquake in 2013.
11.The tourist wanted to book a room_________ window faces south.
12.This is the best way_________ has been used against pollution.
13.Jim passed the driving test, _________ surprised everybody in the office.
14.The reason_________ I got a job was that I worked hard.
15.He put aside his work to spend more time with his son, ________ just returned from
16.I would like to express my thanks in a way ______ he could never imagine.
17.The novel coronavirus has had such a deep effect on our life ______ is totally beyond expectation.
18.Lora is the very teacher I like most, with ______ help I have made progress in my study.
19.People are required to wear masks in public places, ______ is helpful for fight against the pandemic(疫情).
20.Do you know the place __________ he borrowed the book?
21.He talked about the teachers and schools ________ he had visited.
22.Some of the roads were flooded, ________ made our journey more difficult.
23.The novel ________ you’re interested was written by Mark Twain.
24._________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
25.Hangzhou is a beautiful city, ________is often called the Heaven of the Earth.
26.Yesterday I met an old friend, ___________had a gift of music when he was young.
27.I will never forget those three years, during____________ time I learned a lot about life.
28.__________ is reported, Chinese team won the final.
29.I bought all the food in the shop, much of_______________ was given out to the poor.
30.I never forget this summer vacation, ___________I spent the happy days with my friends.
31.He is talking about the great woman, _________films have been on in many cities.
32.I have many collections of stamps, some of ____________ are my favorite.
33.The last one ___________ leaves the classroom should close the windows.
34.Do you know Mr.Smith _________story is very moving?
二、定语从句对比练习
35.
a.This is the house ________ I lived last year.
b.This is the house ________ I bought last year.
36.
a.I think Beijing is the most beautiful city, ________ has a population of over 20, 000, 000.
b.Beijing is the most beautiful city ________ I have ever visited.
c.I think Beijing is the most beautiful city, ________ I spent my last summer holiday.
37.
a.I'll spend my holiday in Shanghai, ________ lives my uncle.
b.I'll spend my holiday in Shanghai, ________ lies on the coast.
38.
a.This is the very room ________ I slept in that evening.
b.This is the very room ________ I slept that evening.
39.
a.I will remember the days ________ I spent with you at college.
b.I will remember the days ________ I studied with you at college.
40.
a.That is the reason ________ he didn't go to college.
b.That is the reason ________ he told me yesterday.
三、句型转换
41.当我们到达那儿，我们都对美丽的枫叶感到惊讶。美景让人流连忘返。
普通表达：When we got there, we were amazed at the beautiful maple leaves.The beautiful scenery made us not want to leave.
高级表达：
______________________________________________________________ (用定语从句改写句子)
42.The temple was first built during the Qin Dynasty.(用定语从句改写句子)
The time____ the temple____was during the Qin Dynasty.
43.Today, we will discuss a number of cases.Beginners of English fail to use the language properly.(用定语从句改写成一个句子)
______________________________________________________________________
44.Do you remember the days? We played together during the days.(用定语从句改写成一个句子)
______________________________________________________________________
45.The house has been pulled down.He lived in the house 10 years ago.(用定语从句改写成一个句子)
_______________________________________________________________________
四、汉译英（整句）
46.他拒绝为他的错误道歉，这令我很失望。(用非限制性定语从句翻译句子)
_____________________________________________________________________
47.昨天雨下的很大，阻止了我们参加社团活动。（用非限定性定语从句翻译）
_______________________________________________________________________
48.他住在一栋新建的房子里，房子的大门朝着大海。(face，用非限制性定语从句翻译) (汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________
49.我们喜欢这位坦率的专家的说话方式。（the way+定语从句）
We like ________________________________________________________.
50.她在会议上得奖了，这是经常的事。（as引导定语从句）
________________________________________________________________________


附：参考答案
一、状语从句
一、
1.
【答案】Although/Though/While/Even though
考查状语从句从属连词。句意：虽然（尽管）有规律的锻炼很重要，但是在睡前锻炼绝对不是一个好主意。后文“it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime”和前文“regular exercise is very important”语义转折，所以空格处可用although或though或while或even though“虽然；尽管”引导让步状语从句。句首字母大写，故填Although/Though/While/Even though。
2.
if 考查连词。句意：如果你能体谅我，我将不胜感激。分析语境可知，此空表条件，是一个条件状语从句，if意为“如果”，所以用连词if。故填if。
3.
When 句意：当我向他展示我的答案时，老师称赞我的独立思考能力。分析语境可知，此空表“当……时候”，是一个时间状语从句，When意为“当……时候”，所以用连词When。故填When。
4.
Although 句意：虽然清扫街道只是一项普通的工作，但它对社会有贡献。分析语境可知，此空表让步（退一步说某件事），是一个让步状语从句，Although意为“虽然……但、尽管”，所以用连词Although。故填Although。
5.
because 考查连词。句意：好的意见值得坚持，因为它们能使我们大家受益。分析语境可知，前后两句是因果关系，是一个原因状语从句，because意为“因为”，所以用连词because。故填because。
6.
in case 句意：把钥匙留给邻居，以防有一天你把自己锁在外面。分析语境可知，此空表条件，是一个条件状语从句，in case意为“以免、以防万一”，所以用连词in case。故填in case。
7.
before 句意：我被查尔斯·巴贝奇建成一台分析机器花了将近两百年。分析语境可知，此处表用时近两百年，固定句型It takes some time before意为“在……之间要花一段时间、这需要一些时间”，所以用before。故填before。
二、
8.where 考查地点状语从句。句意：这位著名的科学家在他出生的地方长大，并于1930年来到上海。分析句子结构可知，空处引导地点状语从句，因从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。
9.However 考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你给他少建议，他还是做他想做的事情。此处为让步状语从句，however是连接副词，常作状语修饰形容词或副词；whatever是连接代词，常修饰名词，或单独使用，此处名词advice前有much修饰，故填However。
10.wherever考查地点状语从句。句意：走到哪儿他都带着这本书，以防突然来了灵感。分析句子结构可知，空处引导地点状语从句，表示“在……的任何地方”，相当于everywhere，故填wherever。
11.No matter who考查让步状语从句。句意：无论谁接手这项工作，他都必须面对从未经历过的挑战性局面。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处引导让步状语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“无论是谁”，故填No matter who。
12.Although/Though考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管她努力学习，她仍然无法达到父母的期望。根据句意可知前后是让步关系，故填Although/ Though。
13.Unless考查条件状语从句。句意：除非你睡得好，否则你会在一两个晚上后失去集中注意力、计划和积极性。根据句意可知此处引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”，故填Unless。
14.as long as考查条件状语从句。句意：一个中等智力水平的学生只要能合理安排他的时间也能成为优等生。根据句意可知此处引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”，故填as long as。
15.though 考查让步状语从句的倒装。句意：虽然我们可能很渺小，但我们为环境尽了自己的一份力量，看到这些令人感到欣慰。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导让步状语从句且使用了倒装结构，故填though。
16.in case考查目的状语从句。句意：我在假期时带着驾照，以防我想租车。分析句子结构并结合句意可知此处引导目的状语从句，意为“以防”，故填in case。
17.whether 考查宾语从句。句意：我想知道我们能不能按时完成任务。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处用whether引导宾语从句，与空后的“or not”构成搭配，表示“是否”，故填whether。
三、
18.playground_______________________.
【答案】as if searching for something lost
考查状语从句的省略。本句为状语从句的省略，再结合句意可知，还原后为：as if the boy is searching for something lost,因主句主语和从句主语相同，且从句有be 动词，故省略了主语和be动词。故填as if searching for something lost。
19.
【答案】make some improvements when necessary.
考查动词短语和状语从句的省略。表示“做一些提升”为make some improvements，因为need to do sth.，所以用动词原形；表示“有必要时”用when引导时间状语从句的省略，完整的从句应该是when it is necessary，这是一种习惯上的省略，省掉it is。故填make some improvements when necessary。
20.
【答案】Although/ Though quite tired
考查状语从句的省略。根据句意可知，从句表示让步，故可用although或though引导让步状语从句，该句可译although/ though we were quite tired，又因从句中主语与主句主语一致，并且谓语动词为be的形式，故可省去we were，故填Although/ Though quite tired。
21.
【答案】while taking an exam
考查省略。在一些状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，而且从句的谓语中含有be动词，可以将从句的主语连同be动词一起省略。此处主句为祈使句，暗含的主句主语为you，与从句主语一致。从句补充完整是while you are taking an exam，此处省略了you are。故填while taking an exam。
22.
【答案】Every time he went out
考查时间状语和时态。短语every time可以作连词使用，引导时间状语从句，意思是“每次……”。“出去”表达为go out，是从句谓语动词；根据主句时态可判定从句也应用一般过去时。故填Every time he went out。
23.
【答案】As years go by
考查时间状语从句。分析句子可知，设空处应为时间状语从句，从句主语应是years，谓语应是短语go by，译为“时间流逝”，根据句意，此处应使用一般现在时。故填As years go by。
24.
【答案】since he left
考查时态和连词。根据汉语提示，此处用since引导时间状语从句，此时主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，故“他离开”应用he left表示。故填since he left。
25.
【答案】If my mother is free
考查状语从句和动词时态。句意：如果我妈妈有空, 她将会带我去公园。if如果，引导条件状语从句；my mother我的妈妈，从句主语；be是，谓语；free空闲的，形容词作表语；结合主句的“will take”可知，if引导的条件状语从句使用一般现在时，主语为my mother，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故答案是If my mother is free。
26.
【答案】If you drive too fast
考查if引导的条件状语从句。“if+ sb.+ v.”构成if引导的条件状语从句，且根据主句时态可知，从句用一般现在时表将来。表达“开得太快”应用短语drive too fast。故填If you drive too fast。
27.
我们既然都走这么远了，不妨再往前走一点。
【答案】Now that we’ve gone so far
考查原因状语从句和时态。题目要求用now that引导原因状语从句仿写句子，由句意可知，go (走)这个动作，是从过去发生一直持续到现在，可用现在完成时，副词far (远)，注意首字母大写。故填Now that we’ve gone so far。
28.
【答案】Everywhere he goes
考查时态和主谓一致。此处为地点状语从句，表示“无论何处”用“everywhere”引导地点状语从句，此处表示客观实际情况，应用一般现在时；从句中主语为“he”，谓语动词应用单数形式；且位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Everywhere he goes。
四、
29.
【答案】unless he invites us
考查状语从句。句意：除非他邀请我们，我们不去参加他的聚会。改为含状语从句的复合句，分析句意可知，后文是前文的条件，结合句意，unless“除非”符合题意，故填unless he invites us。
30.
【答案】If it snows tomorrow
考查状语从句。句意：如果明天下雪，我们将休息一两天。根据句意和提示，改为含有状语从句的复合句可知，前文是后文的条件，根据句意if“如果”符合句意，故填If it snows tomorrow。
31.
【答案】Although the doctor was tired
考查状语从句。句意：医生虽然累了，但他还是继续工作。根据原句可知，用连词although连接两句，表示“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句。根据句意，故填Although the doctor was tired。
32.
【答案】You must work hard in order that you can fulfil your plan ahead of time.
考查状语从句。句意：为了能提前完成计划，你必须努力工作。此处可改为in order that引导的目的状语从句，表示“为了”，从句中常用may，can，will等情态动词。故改为You must work hard in order that you can fulfil your plan ahead of time.
33.
【答案】John told such a funny story that Mary wanted to hear it again.
考查结果状语从句。句意：约翰讲了一个非常搞笑故事。玛丽想要再听一次。根据提示要求将这两个句子转化为结果状语从句，so/such...that...“如此……以至于……”可以引导结果状语从句，结合“a very funny story”的中心词是名词，故此处用such+ a+ adj.+n.这种结构。故改为John told such a funny story that Mary wanted to hear it again.
五、
34.
【答案】Tom still feels/is still hopeful about (his) life as he did/was ten years ago.
考查as 引导方式状语从句。根据句意，句子叙述现在的情况，用一般现在时；短语“对……满怀希望”be /feel hopeful about …；as 引导方式状语从句，意思为“正如，就像”；根据时间状语“十年前”，从句用一般过去时；as后的从句谓语动词相应地用did或was。再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译成Tom still feels/is still hopeful about (his) life as he did/was ten years ago。
35.
【答案】Everywhere he goes, I will find him.Everywhere he has a trip, he will send a postcard to me.
第一句：考查让步状语从句。“特殊疑问词+ever”既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。而“no matter+特殊已完成”只能引人让步状语从句。本句中Everywhere he goes相当于Wherever he goes/No matter where he goes。
第二句：考查让步状语从句。“特殊疑问词+ever”既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。而“no matter+特殊已完成”只能引人让步状语从句。本句中Everywhere he has a trip相当于wherever he has a trip/No matter where he has a trip。
36.
【答案】The project is hard to stop once begun this year.
考查短语、时态和省略。be hard to do sth.很难做某事；this year今年。once一旦，引导条件状语从句。当主句的主语和从句的主语一致时且谓语动词为 be，常省略从句的主语和 be 动词，所以从句中省略了it is。根据句意，主从句用一般现在时。根据句意，故翻译为The project is hard to stop once begun this year.
37.
【答案】While Tom has many strengths, he has his shortcomings.
考查让步状语从句。表示“虽然”用while，表示“有”用have，表示“许多优点”用many strengths；分析句子结构可知，前半句用while引导让步状语从句，句子描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时，所以翻译为While Tom has many strengths；表示“缺点”用名词复数形式shortcomings，所以后半句翻译为he has his shortcomings。故翻译为While Tom has many strengths, he has his shortcomings。
38.
【答案】No matter how/However awful/terrible the situation is, we should make an attempt to keep calm in an emergency.
考查状语从句、固定句型和时态。此处为no matter how或however引导的让步状语从句，表示“糟糕”可用形容词awful或terrible，从句主语为situation，时态为一般现在时；主句主语为we，表示“试图做某事”短语为make an attempt to do sth.；表示“保持冷静”短语为keep calm；表示“在紧急情况下”短语为in an emergency。故翻译为No matter how/However awful/terrible the situation is, we should make an attempt to keep calm in an emergency.
39.
【答案】Every time/Each time/Whenever I see/saw this old photo,it always reminds/reminded me of my childhood.或I was/ am always reminded of my childhood.
考查时间状语从句。分析句子可知，本句为Every time/Each time/Whenever引导的时间状语从句，主句部分“让我想起我的童年”可用物作主语it always reminds/reminded me of my childhood或者人作主语I was/ am always reminded of my childhood。再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为：Every time/Each time/Whenever I see/saw this old photo,it always reminds/reminded me of my childhood.或I was/ am always reminded of my childhood。
40.
【答案】As the time goes by, the country is getting stronger and stronger.
考查时间状语从句。分析可知，“随着时间推移”为时间状语从句，用as 引导，即：as the time goes by。主句主语为“这个国家（the country）”, 谓语为“变得（get）”，时态可选用现在进行时，比较级+and+比较级表示“越来越……”。故翻译为：As the time goes by, the country is getting stronger and stronger.
41.
【答案】Parents should buy sunglasses for children because eye protection is very necessary in hot weather.
考查原因状语从句。分析可知，“因为在炎热的天气里保护眼睛是很有必要的”为原因状语从句，可由because引导，从句用主系表句式结构，主语为“eye protection”。主句可用情态动词should 。故翻译为：Parents should buy sunglasses for children because eye protection is very necessary in hot weather.
42.
【答案】If he improves his skills， he will easily find a job.
考查连词和动词时态。本句为条件状语从句，表示“如果”应用连词if；且结合句意主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，从句主语为he，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故翻译为If he improves his skills, he will easily find a job.
43.
【答案】You should remain silent at the conference unless invited to speak.
考查状语从句的省略。根据汉语意思表示“保持沉默”短语为remain silent；表示“在会议上”短语为at the conference；且此处为unless连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。故翻译为You should remain silent at the conference unless invited to speak.
二、定语从句
一、
1.
【答案】that
考查定语从句。句意：这是一个值得参观的地方。此处为定语从句修饰先行词place，且先行词在从句中作主语，指地方应用关系代词that引导。故填that。
2.
【答案】whose
考查定语从句。句意：她有一个哥哥，我记不得他的名字了。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是brother，指人，关系词在定语从句中作定语，表示所属关系，意为“……的”，所以空处需用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故填whose。
3.
【答案】who
考查定语从句。句意：正在和我爸爸握手的是一个警察。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词the man在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。
4.
【答案】who
考查定语从句关系代词的用法。句意：反对这个主意的人认为没有必要修建这座大坝。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词people在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。
5.
【答案】that/which
考查定语从句关系词。句意：有机农场主也种植不同的作物，这些作物利用不同深度的土壤来保持自身长得好。空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词diverse crops，在从句中做主语，指物，用that或which引导。故填that/which。
6.
【答案】which
考查定语从句引导词。句意：你可能最熟悉的主题公园是迪斯尼乐园，它可以在世界上好几个地方找到。空格处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Disneyland，指物在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。
7.
【答案】whose
考查定语从句。句意：我借了一些钱给Earl，他的家在洪水中被毁了。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Earl，指人，在定语从句中充当house的定语，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
8.
【答案】whose
考查定语从句的关系代词的用法。句意：这间教室很快就会被修理，它的门是坏的。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词classroom在从句中充当door的定语，应用关系代词whose，故填whose。
9.
【答案】with whom
考查定语从句。句意：我很喜欢小杜，他是一个机器人，我可以随时和他说话。分析句子结构，设空处引导定语从句，修饰名词robot，从句中talk with sb.为固定短语，意为“与某人谈话”。with后面缺少宾语，此处将with提前，需用关系代词whom引导。故填with whom
10.
句意：受害者们感谢这些在2013地震之后帮助他们重建家园的人。分析句子可知先行词为those指人，引导词在从句中做主语，要用who引导这个定语从句。故填who。
11.
句意：游客想要预定一个窗子朝南的房间。先行词为a room,引导词在从句中作定语修饰window，要用whose引导这个定语从句。故填whose。
12.
句意：这是用来对付污染的最好方法。先行词为way指物且由最高级best修饰，引导词在从句中做主语，要用that引导这个定语从句。故填that。
13.
句意：吉米通过了驾照考试，让办公室的所有人都感到惊讶。空格处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子。引导词在从句中做主语，要用which引导这个定语从句。故填which。
14.
句意：我找到工作的原因就是我工作很努力。先行词为the reason,引导词代替先行词在从句中做原因状语，要用why引导这个定语从句。故填why。
15.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：他把工作放到一边，花更多时间陪陪刚从国外回来的儿子。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词his son在从句充当主语，应用指代人的关系代词that/who，又非限中不能使用that，故填who。
16.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：我想用他绝不会想象得到的方式来表达我的感谢。分析句子可知先行词way在从句中充当imagine的宾语，应用指代物的关系代词，故填that/which。
17.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：新型冠状病毒对我们的生活影响如此之深，这完全出乎意料的。分析句子可知，此处定语从句关系词，先行词effect被such修饰，且在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词as，故填as。
18.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：劳拉就是我最喜欢的老师，在她的帮助下我在学习上取得了进步。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词Lora在从句中充当help的定语，应用关系代词whose，故填whose。
19.
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：人们被要求在公众场合带上口罩，这对对抗疫情是有帮助的。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词是前面的整个句子，它在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
20.
句意：你知道他借书的地方吗？分析句子，he borrowed the book做定语从句修饰先行词the place，而从句中缺乏地点状语，故用关系副词where。
21.
句意：他讨论了他拜访过的老师和参观过的学校。分析句子，he had visited做定语从句修饰先行词the teachers and schools，而从句中缺乏宾语，又因为先行词中就有人，又有物，故用关系代词that。
22.
句意：一些道路被洪水淹没了，这让我们的行程更艰难了。分析句子，made our journey more difficult.为非限制性定语从句补充说明前面这个主句，而从句中缺乏主语，故用关系关系代词which。
23.
句意：你感兴趣的那本小说的作者是马克吐温。分析句子，you’re interested做定语从句修饰先行词the novel，而从句中为短语be interested in ，故用介词+关系代词in which。
24.
句意：通常是这样，我们已经制定出生产计划。分析句子，此处为固定结构as is often the case通常是这样，as引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明前面这个主句。
25.
句意：杭州是个美丽的城市，因而被叫做地上天堂。分析句子，is often called the Heaven of the Earth.做非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the city，而从句中缺乏主语，故用关系代词which。
26.
句意：昨天我偶遇一个老朋友，他年轻时候很有音乐天赋。分析句子，had a gift of music when he was young.做非限制性定语从句修饰先行词an old friend，而从句中缺乏主语，故用关系代词who。
27.
句意：我将永远不会忘记这三年，在这三年里我对人生有了更多的感悟。分析句子，during____________ time I learned a lot about life做非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the three years，而从句中修饰time，故用关系代词which。
28.
句意：正如报道那样，中国队在决赛中获胜了。分析句子，is reported作非限制性定语从句补充说明主句，而本句主句在后，从句在前，因此只能用关系代词as。
29.
句意：我买了商店里所有的食物，把它们分给了穷人们。分析句子，much of_______________ was given out to the poor作非限制性定语从句修饰先行词food，在从句中of后接名词，故用关系代词which。
30.
句意：我永远不会忘记这个暑假，我和朋友们在这个暑假里玩的很开心。分析句子，I spent the happy days with my friends作非限制性定语从句修饰先行词this summer vacation，而从句中缺乏时间状语，故用关系副词when。
31.
句意：他正谈论一位伟大的女性，这位女性拍的电影在很多城市上映过。分析句子，films have been on in many cities.作非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the great woman，从句中缺乏修饰films的定语，故用关系代词whose，相当于of whom。
32.
【答案】which
考查定语从句。句意：我有很多邮票，它们中一些是我的最爱。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词stamps在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
33.
【答案】who
考查定语从句。句意：最后一个离开教室的人应该关窗户。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词one在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。
34.
【答案】whose
考查定语从句。句意：你认识那个故事非常感人的史密斯先生吗？分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词Mr.Smith在从句中充当story的定语，应用关系代词whose，故填whose。
二、
35.where that/which或不填
36.which that where
37.where which
38.that where
39.which/that或不填.when
40.why that/which或不填
35.a.句意：这是我去年住过的房子。定语从句中缺少地点状语，且先行词为house，故用关系副词where。
b.句意：这是我去年买的房子。先行词为house，定语从句中缺少宾语，关系词作宾语可以省略，故用关系代词that/which或不填。
36.a.句意：我认为北京是最美的城市，人口有两千多万。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Beijing, 且从句中缺主语，故用关系代词which。
b.句意：北京是我所游览过的最美的城市。空处引导定语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，又因为先行词city被形容词的最高级修饰，故用关系代词that。
c.句意：我认为北京是最美的城市，我去年在那里度过了暑假。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Beijing,且从句中缺少地点状语，故用关系副词where。
37.a.句意：我将去上海度假，我叔叔住在上海。此定语从句是一个倒装句，my uncle在定语从句中作主语，且从句中缺少地点状语，故用关系副词where。
b .句意：我将去位于海边的上海度假。空处引导非限制性定语从句。先行词为Shanghai,引导词从句中作主语，故用关系代词which。
38.a.句意：这就是我那天晚上睡过的房间。先行词被 the very修饰，关系词指代先行词，在定语从句中作介词in的宾语，故用关系代词that。
b.句意：这就是我那晚睡过的房间。空处引导定语从句，先行词为room，且从句中缺少地点状语，故用关系副词where。
39.a.句意：我会记得我与你在大学度过的日子。先行词是the days，且定语从句中缺少宾语，关系词作宾语可以省略，故用关系代词which/that或不填。
b.句意：我会记得我与你在大学一起学习的日子。先行词是the days，且定语从句中缺少时间状语，故用关系副词when。
40.a.句意：那就是他没有上大学的原因。先行词为reason，定语从句中缺少原因状语，故用关系副词why。
b.句意：那就是他昨天告诉我的原因。先行词为reason，且定语从句中缺少宾语，关系词作宾语可以省略，故用关系代词which/that或不填。
三、
41.
【答案】When we got there, we were amazed at the beautiful maple leaves, which made us not want to leave.
考查定语从句。结合原文，分析句子可知，“The beautiful scenery made us not want to leave.”可处理成非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the beautiful maple leaves，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用which引导。故答案是When we got there, we were amazed at the beautiful maple leaves, which made us not want to leave.
42.
【答案】when was first built
考查定语从句。句意：这座寺庙最早建于秦朝。根据题目要求可知，第一空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是the time，指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以空处需用关系副词when引导时间状语从句，依据原句可知，第二空处与原句保持一致，需用was first built。故填when；was first built。
43.
【答案】Today, we will discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly
考查定语从句。句意：今天，我们将讨论一些初学者不能正确使用英语的情况。本句的主语是we，谓语部分是will discuss，宾语是a number of cases，从句修饰名词cases（抽象地点），关系词指代先行词cases并在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句，从句部分是where beginners of English fail to use the language properly。故改写成Today, we will discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly。
44.
【答案】Do you remember the days during which we played together？或者
Do you remember the days when we played together？
考查定语从句。句意：你还记得我们一起玩耍的日子吗? 分析两个句子可知，两句中重复的名词是days，因此，定语从句的先行词是 days，x先行词在定语从句中作宾语或者时间状语。从句应该用介词加关系代词 during which或者 关系副词 when引导，during which或者when在从句中作时间状语。故填：
Do you remember the days during which we played together？或者
Do you remember the days when we played together？
45.
【答案】The house where he lived 10 years ago has been pulled down
考查定语从句。原句两句话重复的部分是the house，所以the house做先行词，定语从句修饰the house， 先行词在从句中做地点状语，关系词用where，主句主语是the house, 谓语动词是has been pulled down，从句部分是where he lived 10 years ago。故改写成The house where he lived 10 years ago has been pulled down。
四、
46.
【答案】He refused to apologize/apologise for his mistake, which made me very disappointed.
考查动词短语及非限制性定语从句。表示“拒绝”应用动词短语refuse to do sth.；表示“为他的错误道歉”短语为apologize/apologise for his mistake；表示“令某人失望”短语为make sb.disappointed，根据句意可知，句子应是用一般过去式。此外，应使用which引导的非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句。故翻译为He refused to apologize/apologise for his mistake, which made me very disappointed.
47.
【答案】It rained heavily yesterday, which prevented us from participating in association activity.
考查非限制性定语从句。根据汉语提示和要求可知，可将“昨天雨下的很大”作为主句，“阻止了我们参加社团活动”作为定语从句；结合语境可知本句用一般过去时；“昨天雨下的很大”表达为It rained heavily yesterday；先行词为前面整个句子，故用关系代词which，在从句中作主语；“阻止某人做某事”表达为prevent sb.from doing sth.，为从句谓语动词。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：It rained heavily yesterday, which prevented us from participating in association activity.
48.
【答案】He lives in a newly-built house, whose door faces the sea.
考查定语从句和动词时态。根据汉语意思表示“住在”短语为live in；“面朝大海”翻译为face the sea；本句为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词house，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。结合语境陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，主句主语为he，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，从句主语为door，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数。故翻译为He lives in a newly-built house, whose door faces the sea.
49.
【答案】the way(in which/that)this outspoken specialist speaks
考查the way后跟定语从句的用法。当先行词是way，且关系词在从句中作状语时，应用in which或that引导定语从句，in which或that也可省略，故填the way(in which/that) this outspoken specialist speaks。
【点睛】
in which引导the way后的定语从句作方式状语时，in which可以用that代替或省略引导词，需要注意的是此时的that并非是代词性的that指代先行词的常规用法，而是副词作方式状语，相当于in which。
50.
【答案】She won an award in the meeting, as is often the case.
结合句意可知，“as is often the case”是固定表达，意为“这是常有的事”，其中as引导非限制性定语从句，as指代“她在会议上得奖”这件事，且在从句中做主语，故译成She won an award in the meeting, as is often the case.