所属成套资源:【同步练习】译林版初三英语上册(精品讲义+知识点+含答案)
【同步练习】译林版初三英语上册 Unit8 (重点语法提升练)限制性定语从句和关系代词
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这是一份【同步练习】译林版初三英语上册 Unit8 (重点语法提升练)限制性定语从句和关系代词,共18页。
2022-2023学年九年级英语上册单元模块满分必刷题(牛津译林版)
Unit 8 (重点语法提升练)
限制性定语从句和关系代词
定语从句概念:
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词(也叫关系词)。
定语从句的构成:先行词+关系词+定语从句
如:I know the girl who is sitting under the tree.
↓ ↓ ↓
先行词 引导词 从句(定语从句)
关系词的选用:
关系代词
指代
在定从中所作成分
例句
which
物
主语 宾语
Lucy likes music which is gentle.
that
人、物
主语 宾语
Lucy likes music that is gentle.
The girl that has long hair is his sister.
who
人
主语 宾语
The girl who has long hair is his sister.
whom
人
宾语
He is the student that/who/whom I like best.
whose
人的、物的
定语
I like those books whose topics are about history.
注意:关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略,作主语时不能省略
如:The cartoons (that/which)I like have lots of jokes. 我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。
The film (that/which) we saw last night is interesting. 我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。
关系代词只能用that的情况
(1)当先行词同时指人和物时,关系代词只能用that
如: My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things that they couldn’t remember.
(2)当先行词是all(指物), much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none 等不定代词时,关系代词只能用that.
如: Say all that you know/ Is there anything that I can do for you?
(3)当先行词有the one, the very, the only, the same 等修饰词时,关系代词只能用that,不能用which(指人时可以用who).
如:That’s the only thing that I can do now. /These are the very(adj.恰好的) words that he used.
(4)当先行词被序数词、最高级等词修饰时,关系代词只能用that.
如:This is the first play that I have seen since I came here. This is the best novel that I have read.
(5)当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句时,而中心词指人或物时,关系代词只能用that.
如:Which is the machine that we used last Sunday?
关系代词只能用which的情况
1)引导词前有介词
如:The school campus in which we study every day is beautiful. 我们学习的校园很漂亮。
(2)在非限制性定从中用which, 不用that
如:The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.(不可用that)
一、单项选择
1.(2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)— Tom, what kind of stories do you prefer?
— The ones ________ have a happy ending.
A.that B.who C.those D.whom
2.(2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题)—Mom is waiting. Can we set off now?
—Just a minute. I can’t find the shoes ________ I bought last week.
A.that B.who C.what D.who
3.(2022·湖南株洲·中考真题)Yuan Longping is a great scientist ________ will live in our heart forever.
A.which B.who C.what
4.(2022·广西玉林·中考真题)—Volunteering is a meaningful activity.
—I agree. We should express thanks to the people ________ do volunteer jobs.
A.whom B.what C.who D.which
5.(2022·湖南邵阳·中考真题)—What kind of music do you like, Linda?
—I like music ________ I can dance to.
A.when B.that C.what
6.(2022·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题)— Jeff, what are you watching?
— A short video about Zhang Guimei ________ stories move me deeply.
A.who B.whom C.whose
7.(2022·辽宁营口·中考真题)He ________ does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
A.whom B./ C.which D.who
8.(2022·辽宁朝阳·中考真题)—What kind of movies do you like?
—I prefer movies _________ me something to think about.
A.whom give B.who gives C.which give D.that gives
9.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题)—How exciting the speech is!
—Pretty good! This is the best speech ________ I’ve ever heard.
A.which B.that C.who
10.(2022·广西柳州·中考真题)Do you know the boy ________ is standing under the tree?
A.who B.which C.where
11.(2022·湖南郴州·中考真题)—Do you know the woman ________ is giving a lesson in space now?
—Of course. She is Wang Yaping.
A.which B.whom C.who
12.(2022·吉林·中考真题)Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her classes lively and interesting.
A.which B.who C.what
13.(2022·湖北恩施·中考真题)China is the first nation ________ sent Chang’e Ⅳ to the far side of the moon.
A.which B.that C.who
14.(2022·黑龙江黑龙江·中考真题)The boys __________ are playing football are from Class One.
A.which B.who C.whose
15.(2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)I can’t forget the teachers and the university ________ I visited two years ago. They bring me many sweet memories.
A.that B.which C.what
16.(2022·黑龙江·中考真题)We should remember those ________ lost their lives for our country.
A.who B.whom C.which
17.(2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题)—Is the woman ______ walked past just now your teacher?
—Yes, she teaches ______ English and we all love her very much.
A.which; our B.who; us C.which; us D.that; our
18.(2022·湖北十堰·中考真题)Students love the teachers ________ are outgoing and humorous.
A.who B.whom C.which D.whose
19.(2022·四川达州·中考真题)—Do you like the movie ________ is called The Battle at Lake Changjin?
—Sure. I think no movie is ________ than it.
A.that; more touching B.what; less touching C.that; more touched D.which; less touched
20.(2023·江苏·无锡外国语学校一模)Is this the factory _________ some foreign friends visited last Monday?
A.one B.where C.in that D.that
21.(2022·江苏·沛县教师发展中心模拟预测)— Have you read the book The old man and the sea written by the American writer, Hemingway?
— Of course, an amazing story. It’s the best book ________ I’ve ever read.
A.which B.what C.who D.that
22.(2022·辽宁辽阳·一模)—Do you know the boy ________ is under the tree?
—Oh, he is my cousin.
A.which B.who C.whom D.whose
23.(2022·江苏无锡·模拟预测)Michael Jackson was a singer ________ is considered as the king of pop music.
A.what B.whose C.who D.which
24.(2022·内蒙古兴安盟·一模)The woman ________ is the most important in my life is my mother.
A.which B.who C.whom D.what
25.(2022·江苏宿迁·三模)The woman ________ is the most important in my life is my mother.
A.whom B.what C.which D.who
26.(2022·江苏泰州·二模)China is getting better at making the most popular high-tech products ________ can be bought in all parts of the world.
A.who B.which C.what D.that
27.(2022·山东·无棣县教育科学研究中心二模)Could you tell me the result of the discussion ________ you had made in the meeting just now?
A.who B.when C.how D.that
28.(2022·辽宁·盘山县教师进修学校二模)As we all know, a doctor is a person ________ looks after people’s health.
A.who B.whose C.which D.whom
29.(2022·湖北·房县教学研究中心一模)—Do you know who Su Bingtian is?
—Yes, he is a famous runner ________ set the new Asian record of 9.83 second in men’s 100-meter race at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
A.who B.whom C.whose D.which
30.(2022·湖北·鄂州市鄂城区教学研究室模拟预测)—We teenager should look up to the heroes _______ try to protect our country.
—I think so.
A.what B.which C.who D.whose
31.(2022·湖北孝感·三模)— Have you heard of Chen Xiangrong from Pingnan, Fujian Province?
— Yes, he is a hero _________ guarded our nation.
A.what B.who C.whom D.which
32.(2022·湖北咸宁·模拟预测)—Have you watched the TV play “Like a Flowing River”?
—Yes. It’s the most popular TV play ________ makes people know about the reform and opening-up policy.
A.where B.that C.what D.whom
33.(2022·湖北黄冈·一模)—Wang Yaping is the pride of our country!
—Yes! She is the first woman astronaut ________ taught us science at the space ship.
A.where B.whom C.who D.which
34.(2022·四川广元·二模)Now China is one of the few nations _________ can produce a large number of COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗).
A.that B.who C.where D.when
35.(2022·广西柳州·三模)The pen ________ she writes letters is broken.
A.that B.which C.with which
36.(2022·广西玉林·二模)—We are proud of the great changes ________ our country has had these years.
—Yes, so many villages have taken on a new look.
A.that B.what C.who D.where
37.(2022·辽宁鞍山·三模)—At present young people prefer WeChat to keep in touch with their friends.
—Yes. It seems to be the best way of communication ________ people like.
A.which B.what C.who D.that
38.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模)—What kind of musicians does Victor like?
—He likes musicians ___________ play different kinds of music.
A.who B.which C.what
39.(2022·辽宁葫芦岛·二模)The unforgettable experience ________ we had in the summer camp makes us grow up.
A.who B.whose C.which D.whom
40.(2022·辽宁葫芦岛·三模)— Do you like the novel?
— Yes, I do. It is the first one ________ I have read three times.
A.who B.when C.that D.this
41.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模)—A news report said that an old man gave away 10,000 yuan to some kids in the poor village.
—It was so moving! That was all his money ________ he got from selling waste.
A.which B.when C.that
42.(2022·辽宁葫芦岛·一模)The boy ________ is playing soccer is the volunteer. He helped a lot.
A.who B.whom C.whose D.which
43.(2022·吉林长春·三模)The CD ________ my uncle bought for me as a birthday gift is my favorite.
A.which B.who C.what D.whose
44.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模)— Avatar 2 is the movie ________ I’m waiting for.
— Me, too. We’ll enjoy a 3D movie without glasses then.
A.who B.what C.that
45.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测)—What do you think of the meaning of the friends?
—Well, a true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
A.whom B.who C.which
46.(2022·吉林长春·二模)Many people here like this beautiful park ________ is full of colorful flowers.
A.who B.where C.which D.what
47.(2022·吉林长春·模拟预测)I like books ________ are about powerful and successful people.
A.whose B.what C.who D.which
48.(2022·黑龙江鸡西·三模)At the beginning, I couldn’t understand everything ________ the characters said.
A.that B.which C.what
49.(2022·吉林长春·一模)I really admire those volunteers ________ can offer to help people in trouble.
A.who B.which C.whom D.what
50.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模)—The earth is the planet ________ offers us what we need, like fresh air and clean water.
—So we must do what we can to protect the environment.
A.which B.what C.where
二、完成句子
51.(2022·江苏常州·二模)我们在任何时候都不应该嘲笑处于困境中的人。
__________________________________ at any time.
52.(2022·江苏·无锡市天一实验学校三模)有编故事天赋的人通常都是能言善辩、才思敏捷的人。
Those who _______________________________________ stories are usually talkative and quick in thought.
53.(2022·江苏无锡·一模)这种手工制作的花篮已经在聚会中广泛使用。
This kind of flower basket ___________ in different kinds of parties.
54.(2021·江苏常州·一模)1969年7月20日,阿姆斯特朗成为第一个登上月球的人。
On 20 July 1969, Armstrong ________________.
55.(2022·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·二模)端午节那天,我在响沙湾骑的那头骆驼很懒惰。
On Dragon Boat Festival, the camel ________ ________ ________ in Xiangsha Bay was lazy.
56.(2022·山东枣庄·三模)我喜欢唱歌吐字清楚的歌手。
I like the singers ________ can sing the words ________.
57.(2022·湖北·阳新县富川中学模拟预测)嘲笑那些处于困境中的人是多么不礼貌啊!
________ ________ it is to laugh at those ________ ________ in trouble.
58.(2022·贵州·云岩区教师进修学校一模)《雄狮少年》是一部暖人心扉的动画片,讲述了三个男孩互相帮助的故事。
I Am What I Am is a heartwarming cartoon about three boys ________ ________ one another.
59.(2022·湖北襄阳·一模)—MADE IN CHINA is more and more popular all over the world.
—Yeah! Many countries __________________.(几乎不能避免买中国制造的产品)(that)
60.(2022·湖北·房县教学研究中心一模)如果我们都能齐心协力,我们一定能做点什么来改善环境。
If all of us can pull together, there must be something _________________ to improve the environment.
61.(2022·广东广州·一模)鲁迅是一个能够使我们振奋的作家。
Lu Xun was a great writer ________ ________ raise our spirits.
62.(2021·广东·广州市第一中学二模)我是那些上课不迟到的学生之一。
I am one of the students ________ ________ never ________ ________ school.
63.(2022·广东·模拟预测)昨天我收到他的那封信很重要。
The letter _________ I _________ _________ him yesterday is very important.
64.(2018·湖北十堰·一模)你认识那个为自己的孩子感到骄傲的母亲吗?
Do you know the mother _____________________________ her child?
65.(2021·湖北十堰·二模)许多年轻人更喜欢长时间工作后能帮他们放松的悦耳的音乐。
Lots of teenagers prefer smooth music ________________ after a long time at work.
参考答案:
1.A
【详解】句意:——汤姆,你喜欢什么样的故事?——那些有着幸福结局的故事。
考查定语从句。that用于某些动词、形容词和名词后,引出从句;who谁;those那些;whom谁,宾格。根据“The ones …have a happy ending.”可知,此处空后为定语从句修饰ones,ones指代stories“故事”,为物,使用关系代词that引导定语从句。故选A。
2.A
【详解】句意:——妈妈在等待。我们现在可以出发了吗?——等一下。我找不到我上周买的鞋了。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,先行词是“the shoes”,指物,引导词在从句中作宾语,所以用that或which,结合选项,故选A。
3.B
【详解】句意:袁隆平是一位永远会活在我们心里的科学家。
考查定语从句的引导词。which指代物,关系代词;who指代人,关系代词;what什么,不用于引导定语从句。根据观察和分析可知题干包含一个定语从句,先行词是a great scientist,空格上应填一个代替先行词(人)且在从句中作主语的关系代词。故选B。
4.C
【详解】句意:——做志愿者是一个有意义的活动。——我同意。我们应该感谢那些做志愿者工作的人。
考查定语从句。此句是定语从句,先行词people是指人,在从句中作主语,用who引导定语从句,故选C。
5.B
【详解】句意:——琳达,你喜欢什么样的音乐?——我喜欢我能跟着跳舞的音乐。
考查定语从句。when先行词是时间,在从句中做状语;that先行词是人/物,在从句中作主语/宾语;what不引导定语从句。空前先行词“music”是物,需用that引导定语从句。故选B。
6.C
【详解】句意:——杰夫,你在看什么?——一个关于张桂梅的短视频,她的故事深深打动了我。
考查定语从句。who指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;whom指人,在从句中作宾语;whose指人或物,在从句中作定语。从句成分完整,此处指的是张桂梅的故事,应用whose作定语,故选C。
7.D
【详解】句意:不到长城非好汉。
考查定语从句。题干包含定语从句。先行词是“He”,在从句中作主语。whom作宾语,指代人;which作主语或宾语,指代物;who作主语或宾语,指代人。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不能省略。故选D。
8.C
【详解】句意:——你喜欢什么类型的电影?——我更喜欢能让我思考的电影。
考查定语从句。whom指人,在从句中作宾语;who指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;that指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语。此处的先行词为movies,表示物,排除AB选项,又因先行词是复数,从句谓语动词应用动词原形,故选C。
9.B
【详解】句意:——演讲多么令人兴奋啊!——相当不错!这是我听过的最好的演讲。
考查定语从句。此句是定语从句,先行词speech前有最高级修饰,要用that引导定语从句,故选B。
10.A
【详解】句意:你认识站在树下的那个男孩吗?
考查定语从句的关系词。who在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代人;which在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代物;where在引导的定语从句中作状语。分析句子可知,本句是定语从句,句中先行词是boy,指人,空处在从句中作主语,所以用who引导。故选A。
11.C
【详解】句意:——你认识正在上太空课的那位女士吗?——当然。她是王亚平。
考查定语从句。此句是定语从句,先行词woman是指人,在从句中作主语,用who引导定语从句,故选C。
12.B
【详解】句意:王老师是一位英语老师,她使她的课生动有趣。
考查定语从句。此句是定语从句,先行词an English teacher是指人,在从句中作主语,用who引导定语从句,故选B。
13.B
【详解】句意:中国是第一个将嫦娥Ⅳ发射到月球背面的国家。
考查定语从句。which关系代词,先行词指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;that关系代词,先行词指物或人,在从句中作主语或宾语;who关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;句子先行词是nation,在句中作主语,且先行词被序数词修饰,此处关系代词用that,故选B。
14.B
【详解】句意:正在踢足球的男孩们来自一班。
考查定语从句。此句是定语从句,先行词boys是指人,在从句中作主语,用关系词who引导定语从句,故选B。
15.A
【详解】句意:我不能忘记两年前我参观的老师和大学。它们给我带来了许多甜蜜的回忆。
考查定语从句关系代词辨析。此处是定语从句,先行词既有人又有物,引导词在从句中作宾语,关系代词只能用that。故选A。
16.A
【详解】句意:我们应该记住那些为我们的国家献出生命的人。
考查定语从句。who在句中作主语/宾语,指人;whom在句中作宾语,指人;which在句中作主语/宾语,指物。空前先行词“those”指人,且在句中作主语,用who引导。故选A。
17.B
【详解】句意:——刚才走过的那个女人是你的老师吗?——是的,她教我们英语,我们都非常喜欢她。
考查定语从句以及代词辨析。第一空所在句子是定语从句,先行词woman是指人,在从句中作主语,应用who或that引导定语从句,排除A和C选项。us我们,人称代词宾格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词。第二空位于动词teach后,应填人称代词宾格作宾语,故选B。
18.A
【详解】句意:学生喜欢开朗幽默的老师。
考查定语从句。此处含定语从句,先行词是人,引导词在从句中作主语,故选A。
19.A
【详解】句意:——你喜欢《长津湖》这部电影吗?——当然。我认为没有哪部电影比它更感人了。
考查定语从句和形容词辨析。第一处是定语从句,先行词是物,引导词在从句中作主语,排除B。touching感人的;touched感动的。此处修饰电影,用ing结尾的形容词,排除CD。故选A。
20.D
【详解】句意:这是一些外国朋友上周一参观的工厂吗?
考查定语从句的引导词。one一个;where关系副词,在定语从句中做地点状语;in that因为,引导状语从句;that关系代词,指代人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子结构可知本句包含一个定语从句,先行词“the factory”是物,在定语从句中作宾语,可以用that或which来引导定语从句,也可以省略引导词。故选D。
21.D
【详解】句意:——你读过美国作家海明威写的《老人与海》吗?——当然,这是一个惊人的故事。这是我读过的最好的书。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,先行词有最高级the best修饰,关系词用that,故选D。
22.B
【详解】句意:——你认识在树底下的那个男孩吗?——哦,他是我的表弟。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,先行词boy是指人,在从句中作主语,用who引导定语从句,故选B。
23.C
【详解】句意:迈克尔•杰克逊是一位歌手, 被认为是流行音乐之王。
考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词为singer,为指人的名词,定语从句的关系词在从句中作主语,所以可以用that或who引导定语从句。故选C。
24.B
【详解】句意:在我生命中最重要的女人是我的母亲。
考查定语从句。which指物,作主语或宾语;what不引导定语从句;whom指人,作宾语;who指人,作主语或宾语。本句是定语从句,先行词是The woman,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,应用who引导,故选B。
25.D
【详解】句意:在我生命中最重要的女人是我的母亲。
考查定语从句。which指物,作主语或宾语;what不引导定语从句;whom指人,作宾语;who指人,作主语或宾语。本句是定语从句,先行词是The woman,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,故选D。
26.D
【详解】句意:中国在生产最受人欢迎的高科技产品方面正做得更好,这些产品在世界各地都能买到。
考查定语从句。who在定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代人;which在定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代物;what不能引导定语从句;that在定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代物。根据“the most popular high-tech products ... can be bought”可知,先行词是products,空格上需填一个代替先行词且在从句中作主语的关系代词,用that或which,又因为先行词被形容词最高级所修饰,只能用that引导定语从句。故选D。
27.D
【详解】句意:你能告诉我你刚才在会上讨论的结果吗?
考查定语从句关系词。who指代人;when指代时间;how如何;that既可以指人又可以指物。根据先行词“the result of the discussion”是指物可知,应该使用“that”。故选D。
28.A
【详解】句意:我们都知道,医生是一个照顾人们的健康的人。
考查定语从句。先行词person是指人,在从句中作主语,用who引导定语从句,故选A。
29.A
【详解】句意:——你知道苏炳添是谁吗?——知道,他是一位著名的赛跑运动员,在2020年东京奥运会男子100米比赛中以9.83秒的成绩创造了亚洲新纪录。
考查定语从句。who引导限制性定语从句,先行词指人,在定语从句中充当主语和宾语;whom引导限制性定语从句,先行词指人,在定语从句中充当宾语;whose引导限制性定语从句,先行词指人或指物,在定语从句中充当定语;which既能引导限制性定语从句,也能引导非限制性定语从句,先行词指物,在定语从句中充当主语和宾语,作宾语时可以省略。本题先行词“ a famous runner”是人,定语从句缺少主语,因此填关系代词who。故选A。
30.C
【详解】句意:——我们青少年应该尊敬那些努力保护我们国家的英雄们。——我也这样认为。
考查定语从句。what什么,不引导定语从句;which在定语从句中指代物,在从句中作主语或宾语;who在定语从句中指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;whose在定语从句中指人或物,在从句中作定语。根据“the heroes ... try to protect our country.”可知,此处指人,且在从句中作主语,用who引导定语从句。故选C。
31.B
【详解】句意:——你认识福建屏南的陈向荣吗?——是的,他是保卫我们国家的英雄。
考查定语从句。what不能引导定语从句;who关系代词,指人,作主语或宾语;whom关系代词,指人,作宾语;which关系代词,指物,作主语或宾语。句子先行词是hero,指人,在从句中作主语,应用who引导,故选B。
32.B
【详解】句意:——你看过电视剧《大江大河》吗?——看过。这是最受欢迎的电视剧,让人们了解改革开放政策。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句,先行词“TV play”是物,且关系词在从句中作主语,用that引导定语从句。故选B。
33.C
【详解】句意:——王亚平是我们国家的骄傲。——是的!她是在宇宙飞船上教我们科学知识的第一个女宇航员。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,引导词在从句中作主语,且指代人,用who引导。故选C。
34.A
【详解】句意:现在,中国是少数几个能够生产大量新冠疫苗的国家之一。
考查定语从句。that无实义;who谁;where在哪里;when何时。根据先行词为“nations”,且先行词前有one of修饰,所以关系词应用that。故选A。
35.C
【详解】句意:她写信用的钢笔坏了。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知此句是定语从句,先行词为pen,从句主谓宾成分完整。不用关系代词,排除AB。此处应用C选项的“介词+关系代词=关系副词”的结构,with which she writes letters是定语从句修饰The pen。故选C。
36.A
【详解】句意:——我们为我们国家这些年发生的巨大变化感到自豪。——是的,许多村庄都呈现出新的面貌。
考查定语从句关系词。先行词“the great changes”指物,在从句中作宾语,用that引导定语从句。故选A。
37.D
【详解】句意:——目前,年轻人更喜欢微信与朋友保持联系。——对。这似乎是人们喜欢的最好的沟通方式。
考查定语从句。which指物,作主宾表;what不能引导定语从句;who指人,作主宾表;that指人或物,作主宾表。根据“the best way of communication…people like”可知,先行词“way”指物,在从句中作“like”的宾语,它被最高级“best”修饰,此时只能用that引导从句。故选D。
38.A
【详解】句意:——维克多喜欢什么样的音乐家?——他喜欢演奏不同类型音乐的音乐家。
考查定语从句的关系词。分子句子可知,本句是定语从句,先行词是musicians,表示人,在句中作主语,关系词用that或who。故选A。
39.C
【详解】句意:我们在夏令营的难忘经历使我们成长。
考查定语从句。who关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;whose关系代词,先行词指人或物,在从句中作定语;whom关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中作宾语;which关系代词,先行词指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;句子先行词是“experience”,指物,在从句中作宾语,应用which/that引导,故选C。
40.C
【详解】句意:——你喜欢这本小说吗?——是的,我喜欢。这是我读了三遍的第一本书。
考查定语从句。who指人,作主宾表;when指时间,作状语;that指人或物,作主宾表;this不能引导定语从句。先行词是“one”,指代小说,在从句中作read的宾语,且被序数词first修饰,此时只能用that引导从句。故选C。
41.C
【详解】句意: ——一个新闻报道说一个老人给了贫困村庄的一些孩子一万元。——太感人了!那是他卖废品赚的钱。
考查定语从句引导词。先行词为不定代词all,引导词只能使用that,故选C。
42.A
【详解】句意:正在踢足球的那个男孩是志愿者。他帮了很多忙。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,先行词boy是指人,在从句中作主语,用who引导定语从句,故选A。
43.A
【详解】句意:我叔叔买给我作为生日礼物的CD是我最喜欢的。
考查定语从句。此句为定语从句,先行词“The CD”表示物,连接词在从句中作宾语,应用which引导定语从句,故选A。
44.C
【详解】句意:——《阿凡达2》是我期待已久的电影。——我也是。那我们就去看一部不戴眼镜的3D电影。
考查定语从句。who指人,作主宾表;what不能引导定语从句;that指人或物,作主宾表。先行词是“movie”,指物,在从句中作“waiting for”的宾语,用that引导从句。故选C。
45.B
【详解】句意:——你认为朋友的意义是什么?——一个真正的朋友是一个向你伸出手,触动你心灵的人。
考查定语从句。本句是定语从句,先行词person是指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,who符合,故选B。
46.C
【详解】句意:这里的许多人都喜欢这个美丽的公园,那里满是五颜六色的花。
考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句,先行词park表示事物,分析句子结构,定语从句缺少主语,因此用关系代词which,故选C。
47.D
【详解】句意:我喜欢关于有权势和成功人士的书。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,先行词books指物,在从句中作主语,应用关系词which来引导定语从句。故选D。
48.A
【详解】句意:一开始,我不能理解角色说的每句话。
考查定语从句。that关系代词,先行词指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;which关系代词,先行词指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;what不能引导定语从句;句子先行词是everything,不定代词作先行词时,关系词用that,故选A。
49.A
【详解】句意:我真的很佩服那些能帮助有困难的人的志愿者。
考查定语从句的关系代词。关系词who/whom引导定语从句,先行词是人,who在定语从句作主语,whom在定语从句作宾语;which引导定语从句,先行词是物;what不可引导定语从句。此句是定语从句,先行词“those volunteers”是人,且关系词在定语从句中作主语,应用who引导此定语从句。故选A。
50.A
【详解】句意:——地球是给我们提供我们需要的东西的星球,比如新鲜的空气和干净的水。——所以我们必须尽我们所能来保护环境。
考查定语从句。which那个;what什么;where哪里。分析句子结构可知,含有一个定语从句,先行词是the planet,在从句中作主语,用which代替;故选A。
51.We shouldn’t laugh at people who are in trouble##We shouldn’t laugh at those who are in trouble
【详解】根据中英文可知,We shouldn’t“我们不应该”;laugh at“嘲笑”;people/those who are in trouble“处于困境中的人”,情态动词后跟动词原形。故填We shouldn’t laugh at people who are in trouble/We shouldn’t laugh at those who are in trouble。
52.have a gift for making up
【详解】have a gift for“有天赋”,主语是复数,动词用原形;make up“编造”,for是介词,后用动名词作宾语。故填have a gift for making up。
53.which is made by hand has been widely used##made by hand has been widely used
【详解】“手工制作的”made by hand,过去分词作后置定语,也可用which引导的定语从句修饰先行词“This kind of flower basket”,其后用一般现在时的被动语态“is made by hand”;“(被)广泛使用”be widely used,再由“已经”可知用现在完成时,主语“basket”是单数,其后用助动词has,be的过去分词形式为been。故填which is made by hand has been widely used/made by hand has been widely used。
54.became the first man to walk on the moon##became the first man that walked on the moon
【详解】become成为;句型the first man to do sth.第一个做某事的人。根据“On 20 July 1969”可知,时态用一般过去时,所以可以填became the first man to walk on the moon.。当然the first man也可作先行词,后用定语从句,也可以填became the first man that walked on the moon.。故填became the first man to walk on the moon.##became he first man that walked on the moon.。
55. that I rode
【详解】分析句子可知,此处是一个定语从句,主语是“I”;谓语动词应用过去式是“rode”“骑”;先行词是“the camel”,因此用关系词“that”作宾语。故填that;I;rode。
56. who clearly
【详解】根据“I like the singers ... can sing the words ...”可知该句为定语从句,先行词“the singers”指人,且关系词要在从句中作主语,故推知关系词应用who;clearly“清楚地”,副词修饰动词“sing”。故填who;clearly。
57. How impolite who are
【详解】根据题干可知,本句是感叹句,且中心词impolite“不礼貌的”是形容词,用how引导;先行词“those”指代的是人,引导词用who,be动词用are。故填How;impolite;who;are。
58. who##that help
【详解】此处是定语从句,先行词是复数名词boys,关系词用who/that,在从句中作主语;help“帮助”,是动词,在从句中作谓语,此处用原形,故填who/that;help。
59.can hardly avoid buying products that are made in China
【详解】句意:——中国制造在全世界越来越受欢迎。——是的。许多国家几乎不能避免买中国制造的产品了。根据汉语提示可知,时态用一般现在时,情态动词用can;几乎不“hardly”;避免做某事“avoid doing sth.”,所以“买产品”用“buying products”;中国制造的用that引导的定语从句“that are made in China”。故填can hardly avoid buying products that are made in China。
60.that we can do##we can do
【详解】分析句子可知,句子是定语从句,从句主语是we“我们”;can“可以”,情态动词后加动词原形do“做”,从句中缺少宾语,先行词是复合不定代词“something”,关系词只能用that或者省略。故填(that) we can do。
61. who could
【详解】根据句意,这是个定语从句。先行词是“a great writer”表示人的且在定语从句中作主语,关系词用who。can表示“能够”,主句是一般过去式,从句也要用过去式,can的过去为could。故填who;could。
62. who##that are late for
【详解】此处可用定语从句修饰the students,指人,引导词在从句中作主语,用who/that引导;be late for“迟到”,时态是一般现在时,主语是复数,be动词用are。故填who/that;are;late;for。
63. that##which received from
【详解】名词“letter”后是定语从句。表达“收到”用短语“receive from sb.”。根据“昨天”可知是一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式“received”。先行词“letter”指的是物,定语从句缺动词“received”的宾语,用关系代词“that”或“which”引导从句。故填that/which;received;from。
64.who takes pride in##that takes pride in##who is proud of##that is proud of
【详解】take pride in=be proud of为……感到骄傲。先行词the mother指人,引导词用who/that(在定语从句中作主语),从句的时态为一般现在时,who(that)指代的是the mother,注意主谓一致关系,故答案为who takes pride in/that takes pride in/who is proud of/that is proud of。
65.that helps them relax##that can help them relax##which helps them relax##which can help them relax
【详解】通过对比中英文句子可知,这里缺少定语从句。先行词smooth music指物,则引导词可用that/which;help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事,can help或helps作从句谓语;relax放松,动词。故填that helps them relax/that can help them relax/which helps them relax/which can help them relax。