普通高中英语学业水平合格性考试第1篇Section5学案

这是一份普通高中英语学业水平合格性考试第1篇Section5学案，共8页。
Section 5[考纲词汇通关] aim v．力求达到 n．目的，目标[归纳拓展](1)take aim 瞄准take aim at sb./sth. 把批评的矛头指向某人(某事)with the aim of 以……为目标；意在(2) 力求达到，力争做到be aimed at(doing)sth. 目的是/旨在……be aimed at sb. 针对某人①Their aim will be to produce as much milk as possible.他们的目标是尽可能提高牛奶产量。②She had spotted a man with a shotgun taking aim.她发现一个男子正持猎枪瞄准着。③This book is aimed (aim) at very young children.这本书的对象是幼童。 anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的[归纳拓展](1)be anxious for/about... 为……担心(忧虑)be anxious for 渴望得到be anxious to do sth. 渴望/急于做某事(2)anxiously adv. 焦急地；忧虑地；渴望地anxiety n. 焦虑；忧虑；担心with anxiety 焦虑地①We are anxious for the news of your safe arrival.我们渴望得到你安全到达的消息。②She is anxious to go to college now, but anxious about/for not passing the College Entrance Examination.她现在渴望上大学，但又担心高考通不过。③The old woman was waiting for the return of her relatives anxiously/with anxiety．老妇人焦急地等待亲人归来。 equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的[归纳拓展](1)be equal to 等于be equal to sth./doing sth. 胜任(做)某事(2)A equals B in sth. A在某方面比得上B(3)without equal 无人可比，无敌equally adv. 同样地；平等地①With his last jump he equalled the world record.凭借最后一跳，他扳平了世界纪录。②I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.我知道，这会帮我们实现黑人和白人平等的梦想。③I don't think he is equal to doing (do) this kind of work.我认为他不能胜任这种工作。 distance n．距离，间距[归纳拓展](1)in the distance 在远处at/from a distance 稍远处；隔一段距离keep one's distance from...＝keep...at a distance 与……保持距离(2)distant adj. 遥远的；冷淡的be distant from 离……遥远be distant towards sb. 对某人冷淡①Walk on a short distance and there you are.再往前走不了多远，你就到了。②You can see the mountains in the distance.你可以看见远处的山。③The picture looks better at/from a distance.从远处看，这幅画显得更好看一些。 normal adj.正常的；一般的n.通常；标准；常态[归纳拓展](1)It is normal (for sb./sth.) to do sth. (对……而言)做某事是正常的(2)above/below normal 高于/低于正常水平bring ... back to normal 使……恢复正常be back to normal/return to normal 恢复正常(3)abnormal adj. 不正常的①It's normal to feel nervous before an exam.考试之前觉得紧张是正常的。②The situation has returned to normal here.这里的形势已恢复正常。③They thought that his behaviour was abnormal (normal)．他们认为他的行为反常。 breathe vi.呼吸[归纳拓展](1)breathe in 吸气breathe out 呼气(2)breath n. 呼吸hold one's breath 屏住呼吸take a deep breath＝breathe deeply 深呼吸out of breath 气喘吁吁地；上气不接下气地(表状态)lose one's breath 喘不过气来(表动作)①The doctor told her to breathe in deeply and then breathe out.医生告诉她深吸一口气然后将气呼出。②We all held our breath when the teacher announced the results of the competition.当老师宣布竞赛结果时，我们都屏住呼吸。③They reached the company out of breath only to be told they were fired. 他们上气不接下气地赶到公司，不料却被告知他们被开除了。 be connected with与……有联系[归纳拓展](1)connect...with/to 把……与……联系/连接(2)have connection with 与……有联系in connection with 与……有关①Human health is connected with whether the drinking water is clean or not.人类健康与饮用水是否干净有关。②Please connect the wire to/with the television.请把这根电线连接到电视上。③The police arrested the men in connection with/connected with a bank robbery.警察逮捕了与一起银行抢劫案有牵连的人。[名师点津]　其他表示“与……有关”的短语还有：have something to do with, be related to, be associated with, be linked to, be involved in等。 be crazy about迷恋；热衷于[归纳拓展]be crazy for 渴望drive sb. crazy 逼得某人发疯go crazy 变得疯狂be crazy to do sth. 做某事是疯了①Many students are crazy about computer games.很多学生迷恋电脑游戏。②Doing this mindless work all day is going to drive me crazy. 整天做这种不用动脑筋的工作会使我发疯的。③Both my parents and friends told me I was crazy to quit (quit) a job like that.我父母和朋友都告诉我，辞去一份那样的工作是疯狂的做法。[重点句式分析] Thousands of children were left without parents．成千上万的孩子变成了孤儿。 [要点提炼]句中的“...were left without parents”是一个被动结构，其主动形式应为left thousands of children without parents。[归纳拓展]leave作使役动词，意为“使……处于某状态”，构成的句式为：leave＋宾语＋宾补①She ran away and left her boyfriend in the rain alone.她跑开了，留下她的男友一个人在雨中。②You shouldn't have left water running (run)．你不该让水一直流淌着。③Did you leave the doors and windows properly closed (close)?你把门窗关好了吗？ Reaching as far as the eye can see，these terraces cover tall mountains，often from the bottom to the very top.放眼望去，这些梯田覆盖着座座高山，通常从山脚一直延伸到山顶。[要点提炼]Reaching as far as the eye can see是现在分词短语作状语。[归纳拓展]现在分词短语作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。为了强调，还可与while，when，once，if，unless等连词连用。①Turning to the left，you will find the school.向左拐，你就会发现那所学校。②Knowing where I live，he never comes to see me.尽管知道我住哪儿，但他从不来看我。③He turned off the lamp，seeing (see) nothing.他熄了灯，结果什么也看不见了。[基础题型对练]Ⅰ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。We often think of future. We often wonder 1.what the world will be like in a hundred years' time.Think of space. Perhaps a permanent station on 2.the moon will be set up. Perhaps people will be able to visit the moon as    3.tourists(tourist). 4.Cheap(cheaply)rockets for space travel will have been    5.developed(develop), permitting long journeys through the solar system. When that time    6.comes (come), people will take holidays in space and 7.visit(visit) other planets. Great progress will have been made in medicine, too. Pollution will have been controlled in a hundred years' time.The world will have been developed—even Antarctica.8.We(us) will have used up most of the 9.earth's (earth) land to build our cities,  so floating cities will have been built. The Japanese     10.have     (has) already planned of this kind. And there will be cities—under the sea.Ⅱ.阅读理解What are you going to do if you are in a burning house？How will you escape？Do you know how to save yourself？Please read the following passage.Escaping a fire is a serious matter.Knowing what to do during a fire can save your life.It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone in the family，such as stairways and fire escapes，but not lifts.From the lower floors of the building，escaping through windows is possible，learn the best way of leaving by windows with the least chance of serious injury.The second floor window is usually not very high from the ground.An average person，hanging by the finger­tips will have a drop of about six feet to the ground.It is about the height of an average man.Of course，it is safer to jump a short way than to stay in a burning building.Windows are also useful when you are waiting for help.Be sure to keep the door closed.Or smoke and fire may be drawn into the room.Keep your head low at the window to be sure you get fresh air rather than smoke that may leaked (渗) into the room.On a second or third floor，the best windows for escape are those that open onto a roof.From the roof a person can drop to the ground more safely.Dropping onto cement (水泥) might end in injury.Bushes and grass can help to break a fall.1．It is important to ________．A．put out the fire in the burning houseB．know the ways to escape the fireC．jump off a burning houseD．keep the door closed[答案]　B2．It is possible to escape through the windows ________．A．if there are some bushes on the groundB．if you are strong enoughC．if you live on a lower floorD．if you have a long rope[答案]　C3．Which of the following escaping way is NOT right?A．You can escape though stairways.B．You can choose fire escapes.C．Escape from the windows that open onto a roof.D．Use a lift to come down at once.[答案]　D4．Open the window so that ________ if the building is on fire.A．you can get fresh airB．you can call for helpC．you can easily jump offD．you can be seen first[答案]　A5．The best title of the passage is ________．A．Escaping from the WindowsB．Save Yourself in the Burning HouseC．Knowledge on FireD．Waiting for Help[答案]　B