高中英语牛津译林版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 3 Festivals and customs集体备课ppt课件

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1．Customs and ceremonies must change with the varying needs of different generations.              —Philipson习俗和礼节必须适应不同时代的不同需要。 ——菲利普森2．Custom is the second nature, and no less powerful.  —Montaigne习俗是我们的第二天性，力量不小。 ——蒙田3．Habit makes the custom.  —Ovid习惯成自然。 ——奥维德4．Custom is the great guide of your life. —Hume习俗是人生的伟大向导。 ——休姆5．People think in their nature，speak according to their rules and act on the custom.              —Bacon人们都是凭天性思考，按规则说话，照习俗办事。 ——培根The Duanwu Festival，which is also called the Dragon Boat Festival，is an ancient Chinese traditional festival, celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month.For thousands of years，various celebrating activities are held all around the country.Eating zongzi and racing dragon boats are the most relevant ones，which are said to be in memory of Qu Yuan，a great poet.In some places，people spread realgar wine on the children in the hope of protecting them from the evil spirits.Many people consider May as an especially dangerous time for diseases in a year，and therefore they hang moxa and calamus and things like those around the doors to ward off evil and diseases and pray for good luck.The Chinese New Year，also called the Spring Festival，has more than 4，000 years of history.Being one of the traditional Chinese festivals，it is the most important festival for Chinese people.Starting in the Shang Dynasty (about 17th－11th century BC)，it celebrates family reunion and hopes for the arrival of spring.People from different regions celebrate it in their unique ways.It is said that the custom of the Chinese New Year started in the last month of the Chinese lunar calendar when people offered sacrifice to their ancestors.At that time，people prepared the sacrifice by doing thorough cleaning，having baths and so on.Later，people began to worship different deities (神) as well on that day.The sacrificing time changed according to the farming schedule and was not fixed until the Han Dynasty (202 BC—220 AD)．The custom of worshipping deities and ancestors remains even though the ceremonies are not as grand as before.It is also the time when spring is coming，so people hold all kinds of ceremonies to welcome it.There are many legends about the Spring Festival in Chinese culture.In folk culture，it is also called “guo­nian” in Chinese.It is said that the “nian” was a strong monster which was fierce and cruel and ate one kind of animal including human beings a day.Human beings were scared about it and had to hide in the evening when the “nian” came out.Later，people found that “nian” was very scared about the red color and fireworks.So after that，people used red color and fireworks or firecrackers to drive away the “nian”．As a result，the custom of using red color and setting off fireworks remains.[探索发现]1．Read the passage carefully and try to think of a proper title for it. The Chinese Spring Festival2．What are the three names of the festival mentioned in the passage?The Chinese New Year, the Spring Festival and “guo­nian” in Chinese.3．Why did people use red colors and firecrackers during the Chinese New Year?Because people used red color and fireworks or firecrackers to drive away the monster named “nian”．