【同步练习】译林版初二英语上册 Unit8 单元话题短文首字母填空练习

这是一份【同步练习】译林版初二英语上册 Unit8 单元话题短文首字母填空练习，共11页。
Unit 8 Natural disasters
单元话题短文首字母填空练习
（2022·江苏南京·八年级期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
Ben could hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama. Black clouds were making the sky very d___1___. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm would h___2___ this area.
Everyone in the neighbourhood was b___3___. Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was putting some candles and matches on the table.
Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to b___4___ heavily against the windows. After dinner, they tried to play a card game, but it was hard to have fun with a s___5___ storm happening outside.
Ben couldn’t sleep at first. He finally fell a___6___ when the wind was dying down at 3:00 a.m. When he woke up, the sun was r___7___. He went outside and found fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were e___8___. They joined the neighbours to c___9___ up the neighbourhood together. The storm broke many things into pieces, b____10____ it brought families and neighbours closer together.

（2022·江苏盐城·八年级期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
Earthquakes happen very often in Tokyo, but Tokyo is not an unlucky city. Many special parks have been built in Tokyo to keep people s____11____ during earthquakes. These parks look nothing different from the other parks, but when earthquakes h____12____, they become life-saving places.
Many u____13____ things in those special parks can meet people’s basic meets. For e____14____, it is usually hard for people to get water after earthquakes. In the special parks, people can g____15____ drinking water from the water pump. I____16____ people need to use toilet, they can choose special toilets that can be used without water. What’s m____17____, if people need to cook in the parks, some special benches can become cooking better.
However, those useful things are not enough for people to f____18____ earthquakes. The most i____19____ part lies in training people. This will let people think and m_____20_____ faster during real earthquakes and let them protect themselves better.

（2020·江苏·八年级单元测试）根据短文内容和首字母提示拼写单词：
On 23 June,2016, a big tornado hit Yancheng. It rained h_______21_______ with thunder and lightning. Many houses were c_____22_____ down while the strong wind was blowing. People screamed in f_____23_____. All the roads in the tornado-hit area were n _______24_______destroyed(毁坏) and hundreds of people were hurt. When it was over, some volunteers kept c______25______ the roads and helped rebuilt their homes.

（2022·江苏·八年级专题练习）首字母填空。
You may hear about earthquakes, but do you know w___26___ to do before, during and after an earthquake? Here is some advice for you.
Before an earthquake  Before an earthquake, it is n___27___ to get ready for yourself and your family. All family members should know how to turn off gas(气体) and know some u__28__ telephone numbers. Don’t put h___29___ things over beds.
During an earthquake It’s i____30____ for each of you not to be nervous. If you are indoors,q___31___ move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk or a strong table. If you are outdoors,move to an open area l___32___ a playground. If you are driving, stop the car as soon as p___33___, staying away from bridges and tall buildings. Stay in your car.
After an earthquake Once the shaking s___34___, don’t run out of the building at once. You’d better wait and leave when it is safe. If your building is badly broken, you should leave it. If you s____35____ the gas, get everyone outside and open windows and doors

（2022·江苏·扬州市梅岭中学八年级期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）

A  sandstorm  is a n____36____disaster.  It  very  often  happens  in the desert( 沙 漠 ). A sandstorm is l___37___ a snowstorm. They can happen in towns or villages. Sandstorms and snowstorms both cause a lot of t_____38_____  for people. In sandstorms, the wind c______39______  the  sand. Unlike other disasters, some sandstorms come with a warning（警告 ）, but other disasters come w_____40_____  any warnings. If you see that the clouds have a dark, brown color, it means there is going to be a sandstorm.
I__41__ there is no rain for a long time, sandstorms  may happen. When there are  sandstorms in  cities, there will be no planes in the sky. It would be dangerous for the pilot     to fly the plane  because he cannot see c_____42_____ . There would also be more traffic accidents in the street. The sky is grey and people cannot see very f_43_ .
There are many deserts in Africa and Asia. Sandstorms may happen in these  places  more o_44_ than in Europe. People can stop sandstorms by p_45_ trees.

（2021·江苏·八年级期中）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，把文中所缺词语补充出来，使短文完整正确（每词限用一次）。
I will never forget the day of the Great Wenchuan Earthquake. It h___46___on May 12, 2008 in Wenchuan, Sichuan. When I heard the n___47___of this event, I was taking an English class at school. This event is unforgettable because many people d___48___in the earthquake. I felt very sad. The people there needed help. Lots of people f ___49___all over the world came to help them. I gave all my pocket m___50___and some clothes to them.

（2022·江苏扬州·八年级期末）根据首字母提示填空，每空一词。
Can you imagine (想象) living on the river for almost thirty years? For Catherine King and Wayne Adams, it is their life.
When they first m____51____ in 1987, they found they loved outdoor-life and started to build their own dream home in the n____52____. Now they live in a hand-built island. They built everything with their own h____53____. Now there is a main living house, a dance floor, four gardens.
The water they use comes from the r____54____. They live on fishing and growing vegetables in their g____55____. When the weather is good, Wayne goes out on his b____56____ and fishes in the sun. When it gets windy and rainy, he fishes at home. Catching a fish is not h____57____.
They open their home to people all over the world, d____58____ the summertime. “Visitors are so happy with what we are s_____59_____ with them. They leave with big smiles on their faces. It is a great chance to move away from the c______60______ and enjoy the beauty of nature closely. We started living here almost thirty years ago and now we can’t imagine living any other way.” said King.

（2021·江苏·盐城市毓龙路实验学校八年级阶段练习）“Green” is more than just a colour. It means that you should live to p___61___ the environment-the water, the land and the air. You can be a green kid by following these steps.
When you use l___62___ of something, you do a good thing for the Earth. For example, a shorter shower m___63___ you use less water. Turn off the water when you are brushing your t___64___.
Many times, even if you don’t need something, someone e___65___ might just need it. For example, if your younger sister doesn’t play with her toy bear, you can give it to your neighbour. Try to c___66___ books, toys, even clothes with friends if they also have some.
It’s true that pollution is a great p___67___ now, but the Earth is still a beautiful and interesting place. Go for a hike, visit nature gardens, climb mountains and take a boat in the r___68___. Outdoor activities are g___69___ for you. You can also plant trees, collect reusable (可重复使用的) things and so on. B___70___ a green kid is so easy.


参考答案：
1．(d)ark    2．(h)it    3．(b)usy    4．(b)eat    5．(s)erious    6．(a)sleep    7．(r)ising    8．(e)verywhere    9．(c)lean    10．(b)ut
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ben和家人一起经历了一场严重的暴风雨，并在灾后和邻居们一起打扫社区的事件。
1．句意：乌云正使得天空变得灰暗。根据“Black clouds were making the sky”可知，乌云让天变暗，首字母为d，应填入形容词dark。故填(d)ark。
2．句意：电视上的新闻报道说这个地区将会有一场暴雨。情态动词would后接动词原形。根据“a heavy rainstorm”及首字母h，hit the area表示“（暴风雨）袭击这个地区”。故填(h)it。
3．句意：社区里的每个人都很忙碌。根据下一句“Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was putting some candles and matches on the table.”可知，Ben的爸爸在把木板放在窗户上，而他的妈妈在桌子上放了一些蜡烛和火柴，由此可知，社区里的每个人都在为这场暴风雨而忙碌，首字母为b，因此应填入形容词busy。故填(b)usy。
4．句意：Ben正在帮他妈妈做饭，这时雨开始猛烈地打在窗户上。begin to do sth表示“开始做某事”，根据“when the rain began to...heavily against the windows”及首字母为b可知，应是雨水拍打着窗户，beat“敲，打”符合语境，beat heavily表示“猛烈地击打”。故填(b)eat。
5．句意：晚饭后，他们试图玩卡牌游戏，但是外面正下着一场严重的暴风雨，很难玩得开心。storm为名词，其前应用形容词修饰。根据上文“a heavy rainstorm”可知这场暴风雨非常大，首字母为s，可用形容词serious“严重的”来修饰。故填(s)erious。
6．句意：凌晨3点，风渐渐平息，他终于睡着了。fall asleep表示“睡着”，首字母为a。故填(a)sleep。
7．句意：当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。根据“the sun was”可知此处应是描述太阳正在升起，句子采用过去进行时，因此空格处应填入动词的现在分词，首字母为r，应用动词rise的现在分词rising。故填(r)ising。
8．句意：他走到外面，发现到处都是倒下的树木、破碎的窗户和垃圾。谓语动词found后接省略引导词that的宾语从句，从句谓语动词为were，首字母为e，因此此处应填入副词everywhere“到处”来形容灾后的场景。故填(e)verywhere。
9．句意：他们和邻居们一起打扫这个社区。根据“joined the neighbourhood to”可知后接动词原形，表示目的。首字母为c，结合语境，此处应是指“打扫社区”，应填入动词clean。故填(c)lean。
10．句意：虽然暴风雨把很多东西都打得粉碎，但它使家庭和邻居更紧密地联系在一起。根据空格前的“暴风雨把很多东西都打得粉碎”和空格后“它使家庭和邻居更紧密地联系在一起”可知两句存在转折关系，首字母为b，因此应填入表示转折关系的并列连词but。故填(b)ut。

11．(s)afe    12．(h)appen    13．(u)seful    14．(e)xample    15．(g)et    16．(I)f    17．(m)ore    18．(f)ace    19．(i)mportant    20．(m)ove

【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述东京的一些很特殊的公园可以在地震时让人们避难，并满足人们的基本需求。
11．句意：在东京建了很多特殊的公园来保证人们地震时的安全。根据“keep people”可知用形容词作宾补，根据首字母提示及“earthquake”可知表达“安全”，用形容词“safe”。故填(s)afe。
12．句意：这些公园和其他公园看上去没什么不同，但是当地震发生的时候，它们变成救生之处。这是“when”引导的时间状语从句，根据“ earthquakes”及首字母提示可知表达“发生”，动词用“happen”。主语是复数概念，谓语动词用动词原形即可。故填(h)appen。
13．句意：在那些特殊的公园里，很多有用的东西可以满足人们的基本需求。名词“things”用形容词修饰，根据首字母提示及“can meet people’s basic meets”可知表达有用的，用形容词“useful”作定语。故填(u)seful。
14．句意：例如，对人们来说，地震之后得到水通常很难。根据前文“can meet people’s basic meets”及后文“drinking water from the water pump”可知是在举例子说明满足人们的基本需求，根据首字母提示可知表达“例如”，用短语“for example”。故填(e)xample。
15．句意：在特殊的公园里，人们可以从水泵里得到饮用水。情态动词“can”后用动词原形。根据前文“get water”可知此处表达“得到饮用水”，用动词“get”。故填(g)et。
16．句意：如果人们需要用厕所，他们可以选择特殊的厕所，这些厕所没有水也能使用。根据“people need to use toilet”及首字母提示可知是条件状语从句，表达“如果人们需要用厕所”，用连词“if”引导从句。句首首字母大写。故填(I)f。
17．句意：另外，如果人们需要在公园里烹饪，一些特殊的长凳可以让烹饪做得更好。根据“if people need to cook in the parks”可知在进一步讲述这个特殊的公园满足人们的需求，根据首字母提示可知句子用短语“what’s more”，表达“而且，另外”。故填(m)ore。
18．句意：然而，对人们来说面对地震那些有用的东西不是很足够。句子是“enough for sb. to do”的结构，根据首字母提示及“earthquakes”可知表达“面对地震”，用动词“face”。故填(f)ace。
19．句意：最重要的事情是训练人们。名词“part”用形容词修饰，根据“the most”可知是多音节形容词最高级形式，根据首字母提示可知句子表达“最重要的”，用“the most important”。故填(i)mportant。
20．句意：这将会让人们在真正地震的时候思考并快速移动，让他们更好地保护自己。句子用“let sb. do”的结构，根据“think and”可知用动词原形形成并列结构。根据首字母提示及“faster during real earthquake”可知表达移动，用动词“move”。故填(m)ove。
21．heavily    22．coming    23．fear    24．nearly    25．clearing;cleaning

【分析】本文讲述了盐城发生了一次台风，导致了很多房屋倒塌，道路被毁坏。
21．句意：雨下得很大，伴随着雷电。修饰动词rained，表示雨下得大，用副词，故为heavily。
22．句意：当大风刮来时，许多房屋倒塌。come down倒塌，根据while the strong wind was blowing可知这里用过去进行时，故为coming。
23．句意：人们害怕地尖叫。根据Many houses were c　　2　　 down while the strong wind was blowing.可知大风导致房屋倒塌，因此人们会害怕，in fear害怕地，故为fear。
24．句意：台风袭击的地区的所有到了几乎被毁坏。修饰动词destroyed，用副词，结合句意，此处表示几乎，故用nearly。
25．句意：当大雨结束时，一些志愿者一直清理道路，帮助重建他们的家园。根据All the roads in the tornado-hit area were n 　　4　　destroyed可知道路被毁坏，因此需要清理，keep doing sth.一直做某事，故为clearing/cleaning。

26．what    27．necessary    28．useful     29．heavy    30．important    31．quickly     32．like    33．possible    34．stops    35．smell

【分析】文章讲诉了在地震前，地震中，地震后应该怎么做。
26．句意：但是你知道在地震前，地震中，地震后应该怎么做吗？what to do做什么；根据句意和首字母故填what
27．句意：在地震前为家人和自己做准备是必须的。It’s+形容词+for sb to do sth做某事对某人来说是怎样的；根据句意和首字母故填necessary
28．句意：知道一些有用的电话号码。useful 有用的，形容词修饰名词telephone numbers.做定语；根据句意和首字母故填useful
29．句意：不要把重物放在床上。heavy  重的，形容词修饰名词things做定语；根据句意和首字母故填heavy
30．句意：你们家人都不紧张是很重要的。It’s+形容词+for sb to do sth做某事对某人来说是怎样的；根据句意和首字母故填important   
31．句意：如果在户内，赶快移动到房间里安全的地方。quickly快地，副词修饰动词move；故填 quickly
32．句意：如果在户外，移动到开阔地方，像操场。根据句意和首字母故填like   
33．句意：如果你在开车，尽快的停下车。as---as possible尽可能的；根据句意和首字母故填possible
34．句意：地震一旦停下，不要马上跑出建筑物。the shaking做主语，谓语动词用单数形式；根据句意和首字母故填stops
35．句意：如果你闻到气体的味道，让每个人都出去，打开窗户和门。根据句意和首字母故填smell

36．natural     37．like    38．trouble    39．carries    40．without    41．If     42．clearly      43．far    44．often    45．planting

【分析】短文大意：本文是科普文，介绍了沙尘暴的特点、危害和预防。
36．句意：沙尘暴是一种自然灾害。名词disaster（祸患）需用形容词修饰，根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填natural。
37．句意：沙尘暴像一场暴风雪。be like像……一样；根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填like。
38．句意：沙尘暴和暴风雪都给人们带来了很多麻烦。a lot of许多的，后接不可数名词或复数名词；根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填trouble。
39．句意：在沙尘暴中，风携带沙子。主语the wind是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式；根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填carries。
40．句意：与其他灾害不同的是，一些沙尘暴有预警，但其他灾害没有任何预警。but表转折，前后句形成对比；without没有，表伴随；根据上文some sandstorms come with a warning和首字母提示，可知填without。
41．句意：如果长时间不下雨，沙尘暴就会发生。本句是条件状语从句，需用if连接；句首单词首字母需大写，根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填If。
42．句意：飞行员驾驶飞机是危险的，因为他看不清楚。动词see需用副词修饰，根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填clearly。
43．句意：天空是灰色的，人们不能看很远。动词see需用副词修饰，副词very（非常）修饰副词或形容词；根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填far。
44．句意：这些地方的沙尘暴可能比欧洲更频繁。than比，用于比较级；动词happen（发生）需用副词修饰；根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填often。
45．句意：人们可以通过植树来阻止沙尘暴。by通过，介词后接动名词；plant trees种树；根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填planting。
【点睛】短文填空，要求根据句意语境和首字母提示填空，使句意通顺，文意连贯。主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所给单词的正确形式。
46．happened    47．news    48．died    49．from    50．money

【分析】本文讲述了汶川大地震。我永远不会忘记汶川大地震的日子。它发生在2008年5月12日四川汶川。当我听到这件事的消息时，我正在学校上英语课。这次事件令人难忘，因为许多人在地震中丧生。我感到很难过。那里的人需要帮助。来自世界各地的许多人来帮助他们。我把我所有的零用钱和一些衣服都捐给了他们。
46．句意：它发生在2008年5月12日四川汶川。根据时间“2008年5月12日”可知此句时态是一般过去时，happen：发生，过去式是happened；结合句意和首字母提示可知填happened。
47．句意：当我听到这件事的消息时，我正在学校上英语课。news：消息，不可数名词。结合句意和首字母提示可知填news。
48．句意：这次事件令人难忘，因为许多人在地震中丧生。根据in the earthquake可知宾语从句时态是一般过去时，die：死亡，过去式是died；结合句意和首字母提示可知填died  。
49．句意：来自世界各地的许多人来帮助他们。from：来自，从；结合句意和首字母提示可知填from。
50．句意：我把我所有的零用钱和一些衣服都捐给了他们。pocket money：零用钱；结合句意和首字母提示可知填money。

51．(m)et    52．(n)ature    53．(h)ands    54．(r)ain##(r)iver    55．(g)ardens##(g)arden    56．(b)oat    57．(h)ard    58．(d)uring    59．(s)haring    60．(c)ity##(c)ities

【分析】这篇文章介绍了Catherine King和Wayne Adams夫妇亲手在大自然建造了自己的梦想家园并在此生活了30年，在夏季他们的家园还对全世界的游客开放，让人们也能近距离享受大自然美景。
51．句意：1987年，当他们第一次见面时，他们发现自己热爱户外生活，并开始在大自然中建造自己的梦想家园。此处应填动词；根据所给单词和“Can you imagine (想象) living on the river for almost thirty years?”可知，这里指Catherine King和Wayne Adams在1987年第一次见面，meet“遇见”，动词，根据“in 1987”可知，时态应为一般过去时，meet的过去式为“met”。故填(m)et。
52．句意：1987年，当他们第一次见面时，他们发现自己热爱户外生活，并开始在大自然中建造自己的梦想家园。此处应填名词；根据上文“… they found they loved outdoor-life and started to build their own dream home in …”和首字母可知，此处指在大自然中，nature“大自然”，名词，符合句意。故填(n)ature。
53．句意：他们用自己的双手建造一切。此处应填名词，根据上文“Now they live in a hand-built island.”可知，此处指用他们自己的双手建造了一切，hand“手”，名词，根据“their”可知，此处应用复数。故填(h)ands。
54．句意：他们使用的水来自雨水/河流/那条河。此处应填名词，根据常识、首字母和第一段中“Can you imagine (想象) living on the river for almost thirty years?”可知，这里指使用的水来自于雨水或者河流，rain“雨水”，不可数名词，river“河”，名词，“the river”特指他们生活的这条河。故填(r)ain/(r)iver。
55．句意：他们靠在花园里钓鱼和种菜为生。此处应填名词；根据首字母和上文“They live on fishing and growing vegetables in their …”可知，此处指在花园里种菜，garden“花园”，可数名词，在此可以用单数表示“一个花园”，也可用复数表示两个以上数量的花园。故填(g)ardens/(g)arden。
56．句意：天气好的时候，Wayne就乘船出去，在阳光下钓鱼。此处应填名词。根据首字母和上下文“When the weather is good, Wayne goes out on his … and fishes in the sun.”可知，此处指乘船出去钓鱼，boat“船”，名词，“on his boat”表示“在他的船上”，符合语境。故填(b)oat。
57．句意：抓鱼并不难。此处应填形容词；根据首字母和上文“When the weather is good, Wayne goes out on his boat and fishes in the sun. When it gets windy and rainy, he fishes at home.”可知，此处指钓鱼对Wayne来说并不难，hard“困难的”，形容词。故填hard。
58．句意：他们在夏天向全世界的人开放自己的家。根据首字母和上下文“They open their home to people all over the world, … the summertime.”可知，此处指在夏季对全世界游客开放，during“在……期间”，介词，符合语境。故填(d)uring。
59．句意：游客们对我们与他们分享的东西感到很高兴。此处应填动词；根据首字母和上下文“Visitors are so happy with what we are … with them.”可知，此处指和游客们分享的东西，share“分享”，动词，be动词后面应用现在分词“sharing”。故填(s)haring。
60．句意：这是一个远离城市，近距离欣赏大自然美景的绝佳机会。此处应填名词；根据首字母和上下文“ It is a great chance to move away from the … and enjoy the beauty of nature closely.”可知，此处指远离城市，此处可以用单数表示“城市”，也可以用复数“the cities”表示“那（这）些城市”。故填(c)ity/(c)ities。

61．(p)rotect    62．(l)ess    63．(m)eans    64．(t)eeth    65．(e)lse    66．(c)hange    67．(p)roblem    68．(r)iver##(r)ivers    69．(g)ood    70．(B)eing

【分析】本文是说明文，关注的是环境保护问题，指出现在污染严重，我们应该做个环保孩子，并就如何做一个环保孩子给出了几点建议。
61．句意：它意味着你应该为了保护环境——水、土地和空气而活着。本句用不定式表目的，根据下文“You can be a green kid by following these steps”，可知是为了保护环境；结合首字母提示，故填(p)rotect。
62．句意：当你少用一些东西的时候，你对地球做了一件好事。根据下文举例“use less water”，可知是少用一些东西；结合首字母提示，less表示“更少的”，故填(l)ess。
63．句意：例如，淋浴时间越短，意味着用水量就越少。根据题干“a shorter shower…you use less water”，可知短时间的淋浴就意味着你用了更少的水；结合首字母提示，mean“意味着”符合语境；主语shower是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式，故填(m)eans。
64．句意：当你刷牙的时候把水龙头关掉。your是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词；根据题干“Turn off the water when you are brushing your…”和首字母提示，可知是刷牙，tooth牙齿；结合语境需用复数形式，故填(t)eeth。
65．句意：很多时候，即使你不需要某些东西，其他人可能恰恰需要它。根据下文举例“For example, if your younger sister doesn’t play with her toy bear, you can give it to your neighbour”，可知这里是说“别人，其他人”，用someone else表达。结合首字母提示，故填(e)lse。
66．句意：尽量和朋友交换书、玩具，甚至衣服，如果他们也有的话。change...with...与……交换……，固定短语；根据题干“Try to…books, toys, even clothes with friends if they also have some”和首字母提示，可知是交换；try to do尝试做某事，故填(c)hange。
67．句意：的确，污染现在是一个大问题，但地球仍然是一个美丽和有趣的地方。由pollution可知是一个大问题，结合首字母提示，problem表示“问题”；不定冠词a修饰单数名词，故填(p)roblem。
68．句意：去远足，参观自然花园，爬山，在河上划船。由“take a boat”，可知是在河里，in the river在河里；结合语境，river用单复数皆可，故填(r)iver/(r)ivers。
69．句意：户外活动对你有益。be good for有益于，固定短语，故填(g)ood。
70．句意：做一个环保孩子是如此容易。根据第一段“You can be a green kid by following these steps”，可知这里是说做一个环保孩子，be a green kid符合句意；设空处作主语，需用动名词，故填(B)eing。