译林版高中英语选择性必修第二册Unit2泛读技能初养成课件+学案

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阅读“Extended reading”中的材料，选出最佳选项1．Which of the following options introduces the most idioms?A．Football.　　 B．Baseball.C．Boxing. D．Both A and B.2．What does author NOT suggest we do when we are thrown a curveball?A．Don't move the goalposts，work hard and don't hit below the belt.B．Don't move the goalposts，work hard and don't score an own goal.C．Don't throw in the towel，don't hit below the belt and don't score an own goal.D．Don't throw in the towel，work hard and don't score an own goal.3．What can't be learned about from the passage?A．Idioms exist in every language in the world.B．Football is not all called the same all over the world.C．Sports idioms in this passage are all negative.D．Hitting the opponent above the waist is in line with the rules in boxing.4．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A．Entertainment. B．Culture.C．Education. D．Science.[答案]　1－4　BDCBWords and Phrases　limit n. 限度，限制；限额，限量；界限 vt. 限制，限定；限量，减量[教材原句P20]I ran my race relaxed and confident，even though my limits were being tested like never before.我从容自信地跑完了比赛，尽管我从未如此挑战过自己的极限。[例]　A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.成立了一个委员会来限制对埃及建筑的破坏，防止文物的丢失。[归纳拓展](1)limit...to...　　　　  把……限定在……范围内(2)set a limit to...   限定范围在……there is a/no limit to...   对……是有限制的/没有限制的within the limit of   在……范围内(3)limited adj.   有限的be limited to...   受限于……[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子①Having realized that your time is limited (limit)，you will have to study for your goals without anger and hesitation.②There is no limit to the age of participants in the club.③文章的长度大约限制在400字。The article should be limited to 400 words or so.[小片段填空]The natural resources we have are limited．Therefore we have no reason to waste the precious resources without limit．(limit)　find one's way into偶然来到，无意中处于[教材原句P25]Since sport is an inseparable part of day­to­day life，there are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language.由于体育是日常生活中不可分割的一部分，有很多体育习语已经融入到日常语言中。[例]　He eventually found his way into acting.他弄到最后竟干起了演艺这一行。[归纳拓展]make one's way　　　 前往；成功fight one's way   奋力前进lose one's way   迷路feel one's way   摸索前进，谨慎行事push one's way   挤着前进，挤过去wind one's way   蜿蜒前进[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子①He felt (feel)his way across the room when the lights went out.②The Great Wall winds its way across north China like a huge dragon.③只要你努力工作，你的人生就会成功。So long as you work hard，you can make your way in life.[小片段助记]Having felt his way through the forest，he lost his way back home，only to find a river winding its way down the hill.　opposing adj. 对抗的；相反的[教材原句P25]As you know，in a football match，players try to kick or head the ball into the opposing team's goal，which is the net between two big goalposts fixed to the ground.如你所知，在足球比赛中，球员试图将球踢进或用头将球顶进对方的球门，球门是固定在地面上的两个大门柱之间的一张网。[例]　The two opposing armies faced each other across the battlefield.敌对两军在战场上严阵对峙。[归纳拓展](1)oppose vt. 　　　　 反对；抵制；阻挠oppose (doing)sth.   反对(做)某事(2)opposed adj.   反对的；对立的be opposed to (one's)doing sth.   反对(某人)做某事(3)opposite n．　　　　 相反的人或事物        adj.   相反的；对立的[即学即练]　单句语法填空/同义句转换①Many old men oppose cutting (cut)down the 100­year­old tree for rebuilding a shopping center.②We are strongly opposed (oppose)to racial prejudice.③She remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad.④ I am against going shopping on Sundays for it is too crowded.→I oppose going shopping on Sundays for it is too crowded.(oppose)→I am opposed to going shopping on Sundays for it is too crowded.(opposed)　[教材原句P25] An insurance salesman who is about to reach his annual sales target，only for the company to make the target higher，could rightly complain about the company moving the goalposts.一个即将达到他的年度销售目标的保险推销员，如果公司这时把销售目标提高，那么他就有理由抱怨公司改变了规则。(1)be about to do sth.正要做某事；即将做某事[例]　This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。[归纳拓展](1)be about to后接动词原形，意为“正要做某事；即将做某事”，习惯上不与具体的时间状语连用。可用于be about to do sth.when...句型中，意为“正要……这时……”。(2)be going to do“打算、准备做”，还可表示根据某种迹象判断要发生的事(3)be to do按计划/安排要发生的事[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子①When I was about to leave (leave)，the phone rang.②She was about to watch TV when the electricity was cut off.③It's reported that the Queen is to visit(visit) Beijing next year.④不要出去了；我们马上就要吃午饭了。Don't go out now; we are about to have lunch.(2)complain vi.& vt. 抱怨，投诉[例]　Nowadays，people in many big cities are complaining about the heavy traffic.当今，许多大城市的人们都在抱怨交通拥堵。[归纳拓展](1)complain that...　　　　 抱怨……complain (to sb.)about/of sth.  (向某人)抱怨某事complain against/about sth.   抱怨/投诉某事(2)complaint n.   抱怨，投诉make a complaint against/about   投诉……[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子①She often complains about/of not feeling appreciated at work.②The police received several complaints (complain)about the noise from our party.③Mrs.Jones complained to the doctor that her back always hurts her.④她抱怨说没人到机场去接她。She complained that no one had been at the airport to meet her.[小片段填空]A number of complaints about the standard of service on Britain's railways are received and many people are complaining about it.(complain)　unintentionally adv. 无意地，非故意地[教材原句P25]If someone makes a bad mistake which unintentionally harms their own interests，they are said to have scored an own goal.如果一个人犯了严重的错误，无意中损害了他自己的利益，我们就说他进了乌龙球。[例]　They had unintentionally provided wrong information.他们无意中提供了错误的信息。[归纳拓展](1)intentionally adv.　　　 有意地，故意地(2)intentional adj.   有意的，故意的，存心的(3)intention n.   意图，目的with an/the intention of   抱有……的目的；打算……(4)intend vi.& vt.   打算；计划；想要intend doing/to do sth.   打算做某事intend sb.to do sth.   打算让某人做某事(5)intended adj.   打算的；计划的be intended to do sth./for sth.   专门为……；专门给……[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子①I intend to take/taking (take)full advantage of this trip to buy the things we need.②He intends his son to manage (manage)the company.③He left England with the intention of travelling in Africa.④She would never intentionally (intentional)hurt anyone.⑤据说正在建设的学校是为残疾儿童设立的。The school being built at present is said to be intended for the disabled children．[小片段填空]The rich man went abroad with the intention of trying his fortune，while the poor man intended to learn some skills of earning money.Today，they met and the rich man intentionally showed off his success.(intend)　handle vt. 处理，应付；控制，操纵 n. 把手，拉手，柄[教材原句P26]Curveballs are balls that suddenly turn in the air，and these are of course difficult for the other team to handle.曲线球是指在空中突然转向的球，这些球对另一队来说当然很难处理。[例]　Accordingly，he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.因此，他把水泵的手柄拆除了，这样水泵就不能用了。[归纳拓展]the handle of a knife　　 刀柄turn the handle   转动把手get a handle on sth.   开始掌握(了解)某事[即学即练]　单句语法填空①They have the confidence and ability to handle (handle)the important matter well.②The salesgirl is very good at handling (handle)difficult customers，which pleases the manager very much.写出下列句中handle的词性及含义③Slowly he stooped (弯腰)down，grasped the handles on both sides of the box，and gathered all his strength to lift it.                            n. 把手④But when he finally reached her，the woman flooded him with questions: “Who are you? What antique shop？” However，when she hung up，she regretted the way she had handled the call.                            vt. 处理⑤I wasn't sure if I could handle such a powerful car. vt. 控制，操纵　remark n．谈论，言论 vi.& vt. 说起，评论[教材原句P26]In day­to­day life，if someone makes an unfair and cruel remark，we can describe it as “below the belt”．在日常生活中，如果有人说了不公平和刻毒伤人的话，我们可以用“below the belt”来形容。[例]　His remark not only broke the ice，but aroused everyone's interest.他的话不仅打破了僵局，而且引起了大家的兴趣。[归纳拓展](1)make a remark/remarks on/upon　　　　　　 对……发表评论/看法remark on/upon   谈论/评论……(2)remarkable adj.   非凡的；显著的be remarkable for ＝ be known/famous for   因……而著名(3)remarkably adv.   不寻常地，惊人地[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子①Remarkably (remarkable)，all of the passengers survived the crash.②Mount Wuyi is remarkable (remark)for its wide range of living things.③It's rude to remark on/upon the appearance of others.④这个女孩总是对别人的衣着发表看法。The girl always makes a remark on/upon what others wear.[小片段填空]The scientist remarked that he had found a remarkable way，but others made no remarks about it.(remark)Sentence Patterns　even if引导让步状语从句[教材原句P26]So，even if we do not know exactly where the ball is during the game，we can assume that it is somewhere in the ballpark.所以，即使我们不知道球在比赛中的确切位置，我们也可以假设它在球场的某个地方。句式分析：even if相当于even though，意为“即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句。[例]　My grandfather still plays tennis now and then，even though/if he's in his nineties.即使九十多岁了，我的爷爷仍然时不时地打打网球。[归纳拓展]引导让步状语从句的连词小结：(1)although，though，as，even though，even if等引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管，虽然”。(2)while引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管；虽然”。(3)whether...or...引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管/无论……都”。(4)whatever，whoever，however，whenever，wherever等引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管/无论什么/谁/怎样……”。[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子①Even if/though we achieve great success in our work，we should not be proud.②Whether we help him or not，he will fail.③Whatever happens，the first important thing is to keep calm.④即使失败十次，我也不灰心。I'll never lose heart even if/though I should fail ten times．　too...to...太……而不能……[教材原句P26]When a boxer is losing badly and is too tired or confused to give up on his or her own，the coach will literally throw a towel into the ring to end the fight.当一名拳击手输得很惨，因为太累或头脑太混乱以至于自己不能放弃时，教练就会往拳击台上扔一条毛巾来结束比赛。句式分析：该句含有“too...to...”结构，意思是“太……而不能……”。[例]　Sometimes I'm too busy to go online.有时我太忙了，不能上网。[归纳拓展](1)too...to...与not或never连用时，意为“无论……也不过分，越……越好”。(2)too ready/eager/willing/anxious/happy...to...表示肯定，意为“过于，太会……”。(3)only/just/but too...to...意为“非常……去做”(too前的only，just，but不仅没有否定意义，反而加重了too的肯定语气)。(4)too...not to...表示肯定，意为“非常……必定能；太……不会不……”。[即学即练]　单句语法填空/句型转换①To be honest，he is too stubborn for you to persuade (persuade) him to go with us.②I was too weak to go (go)to school so my education suffered.③The little boy is so young that he can't dress himself.→The little boy is too young to dress himself.写作意图题技巧策略[方法技巧]通常可依据文体特点来推断作者的写作意图：1．记叙文：通常会在首段或尾段出现高度概括性语言，且往往有一定的哲理性，所有叙述都围绕该哲理展开。2．应用文：文章常对某事物或服务进行详细介绍，使用具有明显倾向性的语言。3．说明文：其写作意图依赖于对文章主题句的把握，故应找准主题句。4．议论文：一般开头提出某论点，中间进行论证，最后得出结论，写作意图常隐含于最后一部分中。[例文](2020·新课标全国卷Ⅰ·C )In the mid­1990s，Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.He left after seven months，physically broken and having lost his mind.A few years later，still attracted to the country，he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.His visit，however，ended up involving a lot more than that．Hence this book，Chasing the Sea：Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia，which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan，where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land，and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam，his translator，a lovely 24­year­old who picked up his colorful English in California，Oleg and Natasha，his hosts in Tashkent，and a string of foreign aid workers.This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan，made of friendliness and warmth，but also its darker side of society.In Samarkand，Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders，while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing.In Ferghana，he attends a mountain funeral (葬礼)followed by a strange drinking party.And in Karakalpakstan，he is saddened by the dust storms，diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references，making his tale a well­rounded picture of Uzbekistan，seen from Western eyes.His judgment and references are decidedly American，as well as his delicate stomach.As the author explains，this is neither a travel nor a history book，or even a piece of reportage.Whatever it is，the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.★What is the purpose of this text?A．To introduce a book.B．To explain a cultural phenomenon.C．To remember a writer.D．To recommend a travel destination.[破题关键点]　第一步　审读题目找出题干关键词the purpose of this text第二步　迅速读懂原文理清文章脉络文章开头引出汤姆·比塞尔写书的背景，从第二段到最后一段分别介绍了这本书的概要、主要内容和对这本书的评价。第三步　比对选项确定答案全文围绕着这本书展开，目的就是向读者推荐这本书。[答案]　A[即学即练]　(2020· 天津高考·D)After years of observing human nature，I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance—curiosity and discontent.I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either.And I have never known an average man who had both.The two belong together.Together，these deep human urges(驱策力)count for much more than ambition.Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground.Like Galileo，all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent，“Why？Why？Why？”Fortunately，curiosity and discontent don't have to be learned.We are born with them and need only recapture them.“The great man，” said Mencius(孟子)，“is he who does not lose his child's heart.”Yet most of us do lose it.We stop asking questions.We stop challenging custom.We just follow the crowd.And the crowd desires only the calm and restful average.It encourages us to occupy our own little corner，to avoid foolish leaps into the dark，to be satisfied.Most of us meet new people，and new ideas，with hesitation.But once having met and liked them，we think how terrible it would have been，had we missed the chance.We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.How should you start? Modestly，so as not to become discouraged.I think of one friend who couldn't arrange flowers to satisfy herself.She was curious about how the experts did it.How she is one of the experts，writing books on flower arrangement.One way to begin is to answer your own excuses.You haven't any special ability? Most people don't; there are only a few geniuses.You haven't any time? That's good，because it's always the people with no time who get things done.Harriet Stowe，mother of six，wrote parts of Uncle Tom's Cabin while cooking.You're too old? Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel，and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.However you start，remember there is no better time to start than right now，for you'll never be more alive than you are at this moment.51．In writing Paragraph 1，the author aims to        ．A．propose a definitionB．make a comparisonC．reach a conclusionD．present an argumentD　[写作意图题。本题询问作者写作第一段的意图。由题干定位第一段；通读第一段可知，作者抛出“人的好奇心和不满足造成了有成就的人和平庸的人之间的差异”的观点。再纵观全文可知，后文中作者列举多个论据来论证这一观点。即作者写第一段的目的是提出一个论点。故选D。]