译林版高中英语选择性必修第四册UNIT3预习新知早知道1课件+学案

Ⅰ．匹配词义

A．单词匹配

(　　)1．hire 　　 A．adj．分别的，各自的

(　　)2．attain B．vt．预计；预料

(　　)3．anticipate C．vt．操作，使运行

 vi．运转，工作；经营，营业

(　　)4．respective D．vt．to succeed in getting sth．，

 usually after a lot of effort

(　　)5．operate E．vt．& vi．to give sb．a job

[答案]　1—5　EDBAC

B．短语匹配

(　　)1．earn a living　　 A．舒适区，放松区

(　　)2．be engaged in B．对……感到满意

(　　)3．be fond of C．致力于

(　　)4．keep up D．为了……的利益

(　　)5．be satisfied with E．谋生

(　　)6．adapt oneself to F．有助于；导致

(　　)7．contribute to G．使自己适应……

(　　)8．comfort zone H．忙于……

(　　)9．commit oneself to I．喜爱

(　　)10．for the benefit of J．继续

[答案]　1—5　EHIJB　6—10　GFACD

Ⅱ．默写单词

1．salary n． 薪金，薪水

2．labour n． 劳工；劳动，(尤指)体力劳动；

 分娩期，分娩

3．passion n． 强烈情感；酷爱

4．superior adj． 更好的，占优势的

           n． 级别(或地位、职位)更高的人

5．prejudice n． 偏见，成见

6．lawyer n． 律师

7．servant n． 雇员，职员；仆人

8．consultant n． 顾问；会诊医师

9．receptionist n． 接待员

10．leadership n． 领导应有的品质；领导地位

Ⅰ．语境填空

labour；zone；prejudice；hire；leadership；fond；salary；superior；attain；respective

1．There would be no new taxes under his leadership．

2．We can hire bikes for a day to explore the town．

3．They are each recognized specialists in their respective fields．

4．There is little prejudice against workers from other EU states．

5．The enemy won because of their superior numbers．

6．Most of our students attained five ‘A’ grades in their exams．

7．The company wants to keep down labour costs．

8．Most of my salary gets swallowed by the rent and bills．

9．They are pulling their troops out of the war zone．

10．Sheila's very fond of telling other people what to do．

Ⅱ．语法填空之派生词

1．I admire his passionate(passion) belief in what he is doing．

2．He bought extra food in anticipation(anticipate) of more people coming than he'd invited．

3．He is a consultant(consult) on labour affairs to the mayor．

4．The receptionist(reception) is the first point of contact most people have with the clinic．

5．The whole operation(operate) is performed in less than three seconds．

1．Some might say that we work because we have to，not least because we need the salary that enables us to be financially independent．

有人可能会说，我们工作是因为我们必须工作，尤其是因为我们需要薪水来实现经济独立。

2．However，earning a living is by no means the only reason why we work—there are other important reasons that motivate us to enter the world of work．

然而，谋生绝不是我们工作的唯一原因，促使我们进入工作世界的还有其他重要的原因。

3．Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be，work allows us the opportunity to be engaged in something we are fond of，and consequently，it can give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction．

无论我们的兴趣在哪里，无论我们的职业选择是什么，工作让我们有机会从事我们喜欢的事情，因此，它可以给我们极大的成就感和满足感。

4．When we work，we must practise our skills constantly and continuously until we excel in what we do．

当我们工作时，我们必须不断地练习我们的技能，直到我们在我们所做的事情上取得成功。

5．Moreover，there are people who choose to step out of their comfort zone and commit themselves to working for the benefit of others．For example，teachers in remote rural areas are devoted to changing the lives of the people with less access to the advantages enjoyed by many others．

此外，有些人选择走出自己的舒适区，致力于为他人的利益而工作。例如，偏远的农村地区的教师致力于改变人们的生活，而这些人享受许多其他人所享有的好处的机会很少。

名师圈点

①salary n．薪金，薪水

②enable vt．使能够

enable sb．to do sth．使某人能够做某事

③financially adv．财政上地；金融上地

④independent adj．独立的，自主的；不相关的

⑤labour force (全公司或全国的)劳动力

⑥gear vt．使适合于 n．排挡，齿轮，传动装置

⑦earn a living谋生

⑧by no means绝不

⑨motivate vt．成为……的动机；激励，激发

⑩attain vt．达到；获得

⑪pursue vt．追求；贯彻

⑫advance v．前进；行进

⑬in the direction of朝……方向

⑭endeavor vi．努力，尽力 n．努力，尝试

⑮meet with 遭遇；碰到

⑯unexpected adj．出乎预料的；始料不及的

⑰passion n．强烈情感；酷爱

⑱be engaged in忙于

⑲be fond of喜爱

⑳consequently adv．因此，所以

satisfaction n．满意；满足

growth n．发育，成长；增长

constantly adv．连续地；不断地

excel v．擅长；突出

keep up 坚持；继续

emerge vi．出现；浮现；显露

be satisfied with 对……感到满意

status quo 现状，原来的状况

adapt v．使适应；改编

circumstance n．情形；境况；环境

individual n．个人；有个性的人 adj．个人的

contribute to有助于；导致

basic adj．基础的；基本的

ensure vt．确保；担保

function vi．起作用；正常运转 n．作用；功能

stable adj．稳定的；稳固的

productive adj．多产的；有效益的；富有成效的

equally adv．平等地；同样地

superior adj．更好的，占优势的

 n．级别(或地位、职位)更高的人

prejudice n．偏见；成见

lawyer n．律师

servant n．雇员，职员；仆人

consultant n．顾问；会诊医师

receptionist n．接待员

respective adj．分别的，各自的

comfort zone 舒适区，放松区

commit oneself to致力于

for the benefit of为了……的利益

access n．通道，路径；权利

lay out 铺开；规划；布置

take pride in以……为荣

原文呈现

Work to live，live to work

If you were asked the question，“Do you work to live or live to work？”，what would your answer be? Some might say that we work because we have to，not least because we need the salary① that enables② us to be financially③ independent④．【1】 It is certainly true that most of us do join the labour force⑤ once our studies are completed．Indeed，it could be argued that our education is geared⑥ towards preparing us for a life of work．However，earning a living⑦ is by no means⑧ the only reason why we work—there are other important reasons that motivate⑨ us to enter the world of work．【2】

【1】第一个that引导宾语从句；两个because是并列的原因状语从句；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the salary。

【2】that引导定语从句修饰先行词reasons，that在从句中作主语。

Through the work we do，our goals can be attained⑩ and our dreams achieved．All of us have had dreams of one kind or another and work often enables us to pursue⑪ those dreams．Henry David Thoreau said，“．．．if one advances⑫ confidently in the direction of⑬ his dreams，and endeavors⑭ to live the life which he has imagined 【3】，he will meet with⑮ a success unexpected⑯ in common hours．” Yang Liwei，for example，driven by his passion⑰ for flying，became a pilot and then China's first astronaut in space．Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be【4】，work allows us the opportunity to be engaged in⑱ something we are fond of⑲ ，and consequently⑳，it can give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction㉑．

【3】which引导定语从句，修饰先行词the life。

【4】wherever和whatever引导让步状语从句。

Work can also help develop our skills，thus providing room for personal growth㉒．【5】 When we work，we must practise our skills constantly㉓ and continuously until we excel㉔ in what we do．【6】 Our rapidly changing workplace makes it necessary for us to keep up㉕ and develop new skills．Twenty years ago，positions in social technologies or energy efficiency did not even exist，and it is difficult to anticipate the new positions which will emerge㉖ twenty years from now．【7】 However，it is certain that no one can afford to be satisfied with㉗ the status quo㉘．In order to better adapt㉙ ourselves to new circumstances㉚，we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills．This can add to our sense of achievement and our knowledge that we are developing as individuals㉛ while we move along our chosen career path．

【5】providing．．．是现在分词短语在句中作状语。

【6】what引导宾语从句，作in的宾语。

【7】which引导定语从句，修饰先行词the new positions。

Not only does work benefit us personally，it also contributes to㉜ the health of society．【8】 At the most basic㉝ level，different types of jobs are like gears in a machine．They work to ensure㉞ that the machine we call “society” functions㉟ properly．In a successful，stable㊱ and productive㊲ society，all jobs are equally㊳ important and no one is superior㊴ to another，so we should not have prejudice㊵ against any of them．Whether we are scientists，lawyers㊶，doctors，public servants㊷，consultants㊸，clerks，receptionists㊹ or butchers，we all make our respective㊺ contributions．Moreover，there are people who choose to step out of their comfort zone㊻ and commit themselves to㊼ working for the benefit of㊽ others．For example，teachers in remote rural areas are devoted to changing the lives of the people with less access㊾ to the advantages enjoyed by many others．In this way，we work to advance our communities and bring success to our nation．

【8】Not only置于句首，句子用部分倒装。

Wherever life takes us and whatever choices are laid out㊿ before us，something worth remembering is that our work，when done well，will not only help us make a living but also help make a life for ourselves and for others．We can take pride in the knowledge that hard work is essential for our individual well­being as well as for the benefit of our society as a whole．

译文参考

为生活而工作，为工作而生活

如果有人问你“你是为了生活而工作还是为了工作而生活”，你的答案是什么？有人可能会说，我们工作是因为我们必须工作，尤其是因为我们需要薪水来实现经济独立。当然，我们中的大多数人一旦完成学业就加入了劳动大军。事实上，可以说我们的教育是为了使我们为工作生活做好准备。然而，谋生绝不是我们工作的唯一原因，促使我们进入工作世界的还有其他重要的原因。

通过我们所做的工作，我们的目标可以达成，我们的个人梦想也可以实现。我们每个人都有过这样或那样的梦想；工作常常使我们能够追求那些梦想。亨利·戴维·梭罗曾说过：“……如果一个人充满自信地朝他梦想的方向前进，并努力过他设想的那种生活，那么他就会在平常的时刻与成功不期而遇。”杨利伟就是这样，在飞行热情的驱使下，他成了一名飞行员，后来成为中国第一位在太空中的宇航员。无论我们的兴趣在哪里，无论我们的职业选择是什么，工作让我们有机会从事我们喜欢的事情，因此，它可以给我们极大的成就感和满足感。

工作也可以帮助我们增加技能，从而为个人的成长提供空间。当我们工作时，我们必须不断地练习我们的技能，直到我们在我们所做的事情上取得成功。我们瞬息万变的工作环境使我们有必要跟上并增加新的技能。20年前，社会技术或能源效率方面的职位甚至还不存在，而且也难以预料往后20年将会出现的新职位。然而，可以肯定的是，没有人能够满足于现状。为了更好地使我们自己适应新的环境，我们必须准备并愿意获得新的技能。当我们沿着我们所选择的职业道路前进时，这可以增加我们的成就感和我们作为个体成长需要的知识。

工作不仅使我们个人受益，而且有助于社会的健康。在最基本的层面上，不同类型的工作就像机器上的齿轮。它们运转是为了确保我们所称之为“社会”的机器正常运转。在一个成功、稳定和富有成效的社会里，所有的工作都同等重要，没有哪一份工作优于别的工作，因此我们对任何工作都不应该抱有偏见。无论我们是科学家、律师、医生、公务员、顾问、办事员、接待员还是屠夫，我们都做出了各自的贡献。此外，有些人选择走出自己的舒适区，致力于为他人的利益而工作。例如，偏远的农村地区的教师致力于改变人们的生活，而这些人享受许多其他人所享有的好处的机会很少。通过这种方式，我们努力推进我们的社区，为我们的国家带来成功。

无论生活把我们带到哪里，无论摆在我们面前的选择是什么，值得记住的是，当工作做得好时，它不仅会帮助我们谋生，还会帮助我们为自己和他人创造生活。我们可以自豪地认识到，努力工作对我们个人的福祉以及整个社会的利益都是必不可少的。