高考英语二轮复习语法专练专题九定语从句基础巩固 (含解析)

这是一份高考英语二轮复习语法专练专题九定语从句基础巩固 (含解析)，共8页。
专题九　定语从句基础巩固Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2017课标全国Ⅰ)Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 　　　 is not good for the health. 2.Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 　　　 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. 3.(2015上海)I recently read an article about “nomophobia”,  　　　 is a real illness people can’t suffer from the fear of being without your phone! 4.(2017河南豫南九校质量考评Ⅴ)No one had tried to understand what the real problem was except the headmaster, 　　　 helped me out simply by listening and hugging. 5.I live next door to a couple 　　　children often make a lot of noise.  6.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, 　　　the weather may be better.  7.The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere 　　　his employees enjoy their work. 8.(2015安徽)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon　　　 school education depends. 9.(2015福建)China Today attracts a worldwide readership,　　　shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. 10.(2015陕西)As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time　　　 he should be able to be independent. 11.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures,each of　　　 uses it differently. 12.A company　　　profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. 13.We’ll reach the sales targets in a month　　　we set at the beginning of the year. 14.The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication,especially at work　　　a good impression is a must. 15.Students should involve themselves in community activities　　　they can gain experience for growth. 16.I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade,　　　I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree. 17.I am looking forward to the day　　　my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her. 18.Until now,we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children,　　　is quite unexpected. 19.Among the many dangers　　　 sailors have to face,probably the greatest of all is fog. 20.We have launched another man-made satellite,　　　is announced in today’s newspaper. 21.John invited about 40 people to his wedding,most of　　　are family members. 22.Finally he reached a lonely island　　　was completely cut off from the outside world. 23.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those　　　lives were affected. 24.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China,　　　he remembers starting as early as his childhood. 25.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012,　　　made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true. 26.Happiness and success often come to those　　　are good at recognizing their own strengths. 27.(2017山西晋商四校联考)Finally, after four hours, they arrived at the campsite 　　　　 their parents were waiting. 28.(2017河南八市重点高中10月质检)The sharks followed the warm currents 　　　may have changed northward during this period. 29. (2017江西九江一中月考) Las Vegas has many wonderful restaurants　　　you can eat many different kinds of food. 30.Some of the teachers at the college asked Dr. Naismith to invent a game　　　can be played indoors. Ⅱ.单句改错1.(2017课标全国Ⅲ)Around me in the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. 2.(2017河南豫南九校质量考评Ⅴ) A blog will be opened on the website of our school, that aims to help students to communicate better. 3.(2017山东临沂一模)First,you can gain more knowledge about history, that will enrich your life greatly. 4.(2017河南天一大联考Ⅳ)All of a sudden, a boy ran into him, making some food drop on his trousers, what I thought would make him annoyed with the boy. 5.I have an American friend, Marianne,she lives alone but has a pet dog, Sparky. 6.Then a man came in with his son, whom wanted to buy ice cream, too. 7.Last Friday, our school organized us to a fire station, what we had expected for several days. 8.The only reason that a man would sell salt at a lower price would be that he was desperate for money. 9.We went to the Lincoln Memorial yesterday, when, not surprisingly, was crowded with visitors from all over the world. 10.It is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. 11.Tibet is a beautiful part of China, without whose our country would be incomplete. 12.Mr. White will come to the party on Sunday,when he promised to every one of us. 13.This is the small house less than 15 square meters,under which roof lives a large family of three generations. 14.Everyone has periods in their lives whose everything seems very hard. 15.I am very grateful to my high school teachers, without whom help I wouldn’t be so excellent. 16.What is known to us all is that the old scientist, for whose life was hard in the past, still works very hard in his eighties. 17.That unforgettable ball was the last happy moment that I enjoyed myself. 18.Tom tried to get out of the business,where he found impossible. 19.About 200 Chinese businessmen left for Europe yesterday, when they would sign a series of deals worth up to 15 billion U.S. dollars. 20.Women who drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those which don’t.   答案精解精析Ⅰ.1.which　第二个逗号后是非限制性定语从句,先行词是空前的to have too much of both,关系词在从句中作主语,故用which引导定语从句。2.where　空前的garden是先行词,逗号之后为非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where作为引导词。3.which　空格处之前的nomophobia(无手机恐惧症)为先行词,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语,故空格处填which。4.who　句意:除了校长外,没人努力弄明白真正的问题是什么。她只是通过倾听和拥抱就帮我从困境中解脱出来。 设空处所引导的句子为非限制性定语从句。将先行词代入定语从句可知,先行词在定语从句中作主语,且先行词指“人”,故填who。5.whose　　句意:我隔壁住着一对夫妻,他们的孩子经常制造很多噪音。先行词为a couple,将先行词代入定语从句后可知关系词在定语从句中作定语,故答案为whose。6.when　句意:我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周,那时天气可能会更好。先行词为next week,将先行词代入定语从句后可知关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故答案为when。7.where　句意:该公司的老板在努力营造一种轻松的氛围,在这种氛围中,他的员工们可以享受工作的乐趣。先行词为atmosphere,将先行词代入定语从句后为:His employees enjoy their work in the easy atmosphere.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故答案为where。 8.which　句意:一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。先行词为skill,将先行词代入定语从句后为:School education depends upon the fundamental skill.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作介词upon的宾语;本句中介词upon已被提前,故答案为which。 9.which 　句意:《今日中国》吸引了世界各地的读者,这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为设空处前的内容,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故答案为which。10.when　句意:作为家里最小的孩子,Alex总是期盼着他能够独立的时候。先行词为time,将先行词代入定语从句后为:He should be able to be independent at the time.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故答案为when。 11.which　句意:英语是一种被好几种不同的文化都使用的语言,而且每一种文化使用它的方式不同。设空处前后两部分之间既没有并列连词也没有从属连词,故后面部分应为定语从句,又因为先行词是cultures,且关系词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语,所以填which。12.whose　句意:从国内市场得到的利润正在下降的公司可以去国外寻找机会。本题考查定语从句。先行词为company,将先行词代入定语从句后为:The company’s profits from home markets are declining.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作定语,故填whose。 13.which/that　句意:一个月后我们将会达到年初所定的销售目标。在本句中,先行词是the sales targets,关系代词在定语从句中作set的宾语,所以填关系代词which/that。14.where　句意:这本书对我的日常交流很有帮助,尤其是在工作单位。在那里良好的印象是必需的。at work(在工作单位)表地点,故用where引导定语从句并在从句中作地点状语。15.where　句意:学生应该参加社区活动,他们从中能获得成长经验。将先行词community activities代入定语从句后为:They can gain experience for growth from community activities.由此可知关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填where。 16.when　句意:我直到五年级才真正成为一个攀登者,那时,我爬到树上去拿一个被挂在树枝上的风筝。在本句中,先行词为the fifth grade,设空处在定语从句中作时间状语,故填when。17.when　句意:我正期待着那一天的到来,那时我的女儿可以读这本书并且了解我对她的感情。在本句中,先行词为the day,关系词在从句中充当时间状语,故填when。18.which　句意:到目前为止,我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子们筹款50,000英镑,这非常出乎(我们的)意料。根据句子结构可知设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的内容,关系词在定语从句中作主语,所以填which。19.which/that　句意:在海员们不得不面对的许多危险中,最大的危险很可能是雾。在本句中,先行词为dangers,将先行词代入定语从句后为:Sailors have to face the dangers.由此可见,关系词在定语从句中作face的宾语,且指“物”,故填which/that。20.which　句意:我们又发射了一颗人造卫星,这件事是在今天的报纸上宣布的。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面的内容,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故用which引导。21.whom　句意:约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼,他们当中绝大部分都是自家人。在定语从句中如果介词放在关系代词之前,且先行词是“人”时,从句中关系代词只能使用whom。22.which/that　句意:他最后到了一座完全与外面世界隔绝的孤岛上。定语从句修饰的先行词是island,关系词在定语从句中作主语且指“物”,故用which 或that引导。23.whose　句意:这本书从生活遭受地震影响的人们的视角讲述地震的故事。先行词在从句中和lives是所属关系,故填whose。24.which　句意:世界银行主席说他对中国有一种情结,他记得这种情结始于他的儿童时代。先行词是a passion for China,关系词在定语从句中作starting的宾语,要用关系代词,在非限制性定语从句中用which。25.which　句意:莫言被授予2012年诺贝尔文学奖,这使得中国人长久以来拥有的梦想之一变成了现实。which 引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个主句。26.who　句意:幸福和成功经常青睐那些善于发现自身长处的人。先行词为those,将先行词代入定语从句后为:Those are good at recognizing their own strengths.由此可见,关系词在定语从句中作主语,且指“人”,故用who。本题易误填that。当先行词是指人的不定代词,如:one,ones,anyone,those,all,nobody等时,用who不用that。27.where　句意:最后,在4个小时之后他们到达了营地,他们的父母正在那里等着他们。先行词为campsite,将先行词代入定语从句后可知先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,故填where。28.that/which　句意:这些鲨鱼跟随着在这段时间可能已经改为向北的暖流。先行词为the warm currents,先行词指“物”,在定语从句中作主语,故填that或which。29.where　句意:拉斯维加斯有很多很好的饭店,在那里你可以享用许多不同种类的食品。本题考查定语从句。先行词为restaurants,将先行词代入定语从句后为:You can eat many different kinds of food in the restaurants.由此可知,先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,故用where引导。 30.that/which　句意:那所大学的一些教师请奈史密斯博士发明一种可以在室内玩的游戏。先行词为a game,将先行词代入定语从句后可知先行词在定语从句中作主语,且先行词指“物”,故填that或which。Ⅱ.1.they→which/that　things为先行词,之后是定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,因此应用which或that作为引导词,they改为which/that。2.that→which　句意:在我们校网站上将开辟一个博客,力求帮助学生更好地沟通。“that aims to help students to communicate better”为定语从句,先行词为逗号前面的内容,先行词在定语从句中作主语;根据定语从句前的逗号,可知该定语从句为非限制性定语从句,故将that改为which。3.that→which　句意:首先,你可以获得更多的历史知识,这可以极大地丰富你的生活。本题考查非限制性定语从句。逗号后为非限制性定语从句,先行词在非限制性定语从句中作主语,只能用which,不能用that。4.what→which　句意:突然一个男孩儿撞在了他的身上,把一些食物掉在了他的裤子上。我想这会使他对那个男孩儿恼怒。定语从句前有逗号隔开,故判断该定语从句为非限制性定语从句。先行词为前面的内容,先行词在非限制性定语从句中作主语,故用which而非what引导。5.she→who　句意:我有一位美国朋友Marianne,她独自生活却养了一条宠物狗Sparky。逗号不能连接两个句子,由此可见“she lives alone but has a pet dog, Sparky”应为定语从句,先行词Marianne在定语从句中作主语,且先行词指“人”,故将she改为who。6.whom→who　句意:后来一个人带着他的儿子走了进来,他也想买冰激凌。“whom wanted to buy ice cream, too”为非限制性定语从句,先行词在定语从句中作主语,故用who而非whom。7.what→which　本题考查定语从句。先行词在定语从句中作宾语,且此处为非限制性定语从句,故将what改为which。8.第一个that→why　reason为先行词,关系词在从句中作原因状语,故用why引导定语从句。9.when→which　the Lincoln Memorial为先行词,第一个逗号之后为分隔式定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,故用which作为引导词,when应改为which。10.It→As　先行词为逗号之后的内容,且关系词在从句中作主语,而定语从句位于句首时,只能用as引导。【知识拓展】　as引导非限制性定语时,可位于句首、句中或句尾,常有“正如,正像”之意,其常用结构为:as anybody can see;as we know;as is well known;as often happens;as is reported;as is often the case;as is mentioned above;as has been pointed out等。11.whose→which　句首的Tibet为先行词,逗号之后为非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作介词without的宾语,故whose错误,应改为which。12.when→which　逗号前的内容为先行词,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语,故用which。13.which→whose　考查分隔式定语从句。the small house为先行词,关系词在从句中作roof的定语,故用关系代词whose。14.whose→when　先行词periods指时间,关系词在从句中作时间状语,故whose改为when。15.whom→whose　teachers为先行词,关系词在从句中作名词help的定语,故用关系代词whose。16.whose→whom　the old scientist为先行词,关系词在从句中作for的宾语,故whose改为 whom。17.that→when　先行词the last happy moment指时间,关系词在从句中作时间状语,故that改为关系副词when。18.where→which　先行词为逗号前的内容,关系词在从句中作found的宾语,故应用关系代词which引导定语从句,where应改为which。19.when→where　考查分隔式定语从句。先行词为Europe,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故应用where。20.which→who　先行词those指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,故which错误,应改为who。